2017年海南桥牌节公报第6期

海南省文化广电出版体育厅关于印发《海南省扑克运动管理办法(试行)》的通知正文：---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 海南省文化广电出版体育厅关于印发《海南省扑克运动管理办法（试行）》的通知（琼文体〔2013〕15号）省扑克运动管理中心：为落实国家体育总局棋牌运动管理中心关于支持我省试行开展复式（德州）扑克项目的批复精神，规范、发展全省扑克运动，促进扑克运动健康、有序发展，根据国家相关体育法规规章，结合本省实际，研究制定了《海南省扑克运动管理办法（暂行）》。

现印发你们，请遵照执行。

特此通知。

海南省文化广电出版体育厅2013年2月20日海南省扑克运动管理办法（试行）第一章总则第一条为加强对全省扑克运动的管理，规范、净化扑克运动的发展环境，促进扑克运动健康、有序发展，根据国家体育管理法规规章和体育总局棋牌运动管理中心关于支持我省开展扑克项目的政策，结合本省实际，制定本办法。

第二条本办法所指扑克运动是指除桥牌以外的各类扑克运动。

第三条海南省扑克运动管理中心（以下简称“省扑克管理中心”）是全省扑克运动的业务主管单位。

扑克运动的管理，应遵循“服务、引导、规范”的管理宗旨，科学合理、积极稳妥推进扑克运动项目的活动组织、普及推广等，使扑克运动更好地起到丰富群众文化生活，活跃旅游经济环境，营造和谐社会氛围的作用。

第二章组织管理第四条扑克运动组织是指各级扑克运动协会以及以开展扑克活动为主要内容的组织。

第五条省扑克管理中心负责海南省扑克运动协会的组织建设和管理工作。

各类扑克运动协会和相关组织均可申请成为海南省扑克协会会员。

省扑克管理中心与所属各扑克运动协会之间是业务指导关系。

第届全国智力运动会海南省桥牌选拔赛竞赛规程-V1第届全国智力运动会海南省桥牌选拔赛竞赛规程近年来，桥牌运动在国内得到了越来越多的关注和发展。

为了选拔出最优秀的选手代表海南省参加全国智力运动会桥牌比赛，我们特制定以下竞赛规程：一、比赛时间和地点1.比赛时间：2022年8月10日至8月15日。

2.比赛地点：海南省儋州市蓝色海岸金茂酒店。

二、参赛资格1.参赛人员必须是该省居民，并在海南省户籍，在比赛开始前年满18周岁。

2.所有选手必须具有良好的道德品质和团队合作精神。

3.具有桥牌基础知识、技能和经验，并能自行熟练掌握各类比赛规则和惯例。

三、比赛流程1.初赛：初赛将分两轮进行，每轮比赛共进行24个牌手四局过程，总共进行8轮比赛。

比赛采用瑞士制，积分最高的16名选手晋级决赛。

2.决赛：决赛采用双人对抗，共进行16个牌手晋级比赛。

决赛将进行6局比赛，比赛结束后，总积分最高的选手将代表海南省参加全国智力运动会桥牌比赛。

四、比赛规则1.所有比赛采用国际桥牌联盟的比赛规则和惯例。

2.比赛分为分组和对抗两个阶段。

3.比赛时间限制，每小局不超过15分钟，比赛进行期间所有选手必须保持安静。

4.所有选择均在比赛前公平抽签决定，在比赛中不得变更。

五、裁判及判罚1.比赛期间，裁判可以在必要时对选手进行惩罚。

2.比赛规则之外的事宜由比赛组委会决定。

六、奖项设置1.单人比赛：第一名奖金人民币5万元，第二名奖金人民币3万元，第三名奖金人民币2万元。

余下的选手将获得纪念奖。

2.团体比赛：第一名奖金人民币10万元，第二名奖金人民币6万元，第三名奖金人民币4万元。

余下的选手将获得纪念奖。

总之，海南省桥牌选拔赛将为全国智力运动会桥牌比赛选手的选拔提供更充分的技能和经验积累，我们希望届时能有更多的优秀选手参与比赛，向全国展现海南省桥牌运动发展的成果和实力。

精确叫牌法开叫一览
♣♦♥♠♣♦♥♠♣♦♥♠♣♦♥♠♣♦♥♠♣♦♥♠♣♦♥♠♣♦♥♠♣♦♥♠精确叫牌法的第一应叫和再叫
♣♦♥♠♣♦♥♠♣♦♥♠♣♦♥♠♣♦♥♠♣♦♥♠♣♦♥♠♣♦♥♠♣♦♥♠
注：
1、将牌问叫：1♣开叫，示强花色应叫后，开叫人立即加一阶。

另外还有4NT的“罗马关键张问叫”：与问A不同的是，这一问叫把将牌K也算作一个A。

延伸——还可用5NT问K。

3、问叫被干扰时：Pass，相当于原一级回答；×，相当于原二级回答；
在对方叫品上加一级，相当于原三级回答；在对方叫品上加二级，相当于原四级回答……4、1♣—1♦（假示弱）：己方假示弱，同伴再叫，此时己方进行跳叫（所叫花色为单缺；如果开叫方出套为己方单缺花色，则跳叫无将）；但如果同伴叫2NT或3NT，切不可跳叫，可用3♣或4♣进行斯台曼问叫。

1♦假示弱的牌并不常见，初学也不太好掌握，当执有8点以上4441牌型的牌时，可以用1NT代替1♦进行应叫，之后双方正常进行。

5、高限与低限：自己叫品点力范围内最大的两个点力为高限，其余为低限。

套：指一门花色，有N张就叫做N张套。

高花套：♥或♠套；低花套：♣或♦套。

逼叫：即逼同伴应叫，被逼叫方没有停叫的权利；邀叫：邀请同伴高限进局。

跳叫：不连续叫牌，如有人叫2C，我不叫2S而叫3S即跳叫；双跳叫：跳叫两阶。

BRIDGE WORLD STANDARD 2017Master Solvers' Club problems) appear in Bridge World issues for the months of March, April, May and June 2016 and at I. DefinitionsA distribution shown with hyphens refers to any pattern including those suit lengths (for example, 5-4-3-1 means any hand with one five-card suit, one four-card suit, one tripleton and one singleton). A distribution shown with equal signs refers to specific suit lengths (for example, 5=4=3=1 means a hand with five spades, four hearts, three diamonds and one club). Balanced means 4-3-3-3, 4-4-3-2 or 5-3-3-2.A competitive action is one taken over an opponent's bid, double or redouble. A competitive action taken in direct position immediately follows an opponent's action; one taken in reopening position follows an opponent's action and two passes.Points refer to 4-3-2-1 high-card points (HCP).Adjectives for double:takeout: Announces a hand-type that suggests reaching a contract in other than the current strain.cooperative-takeout: Suggests that partner take out with normal distribution for the earlier auction, pass only with strong defensive orientation.cooperative-penalty: Suggests that partner pass with normal distribution for the earlier auction, take out only with strong offensive orientation.penalty: Suggests that partner pass.II. General Understandings and DefaultsArtificial bid doubled: After an opponent's double of an artificial bid, a simple return to an agreed or indicated suit is the weakest action.Bypass rule: If a player bypasses a natural notrump bid to make a nonforcing bid, then later bids notrump uninvited over an opposing bid, that notrump bid is unusual (showing additional distribution, not offering to play in notrump).Conversions: When either a double or a notrump bid, when followed by a conversion, would show length in the same two suits: starting with a double suggests more in high cards, starting with a notrump bid suggests more in shape.Doubles subject to no explicit agreement:(a) when a pass would be forcing, a double discourages further offensive bidding;(b) when a pass would be nonforcing, a double is penalty if the doubler is limited, cooperative-takeout if the doubler is unlimited.Five notrump: If an undiscussed but clearly forcing noncompetitive five-notrump bid might logically be interpreted as more than one of these alternatives, the priority order of interpretation is: (1) choice of slam, (2) Grand-Slam Force, (3) control-showing. Forcing vs. nonforcing: When a call could logically be interpreted as either forcing or nonforcing, and there is no explicit agreement: In a competitive situation, treat as nonforcing; in a noncompetitive situation, treat as forcing or nonforcing by which seems more sensible to the observer. Specific cases:(a) Vulnerability exerts influence solely in that some situations are forcing only when our side is vulnerable against not. Those situations include at least when the opponents bid ator above game and our side has shown strength or itself bid game nonpreemptively (but there is no explicit agreement about other cases).(b) If we have been forced to game but have not bid game, competitive situations thereafter above the game level are forcing.(c) If we have bid game nonpreemptively, the default applies.(d) If we have invited game and the invitation has not been declined, competitive situations thereafter are forcing only as high as where the force would have expired noncompetitively.(e) A two-notrump opening does not create a force if the opponents bid.(f) If a two-club opening is overcalled, responder's pass is forcing at every level.(g) No force is created after: (1) our penalty double or penalty pass of a takeout double when the partnership is not otherwise committed to further bidding; (2) an opponent raises over our takeout double, simple overcall, or jump-overcall of a preemptive opening;(3) an opponent's preemptive bid over our one-over-one response; (4) astrength-showing redouble by an already-limited hand.(h) A strength-showing redouble by an unlimited hand creates a force to at least a level dictated by the logic of the auction. Special case: A new-suit bid by opener after responder's redouble of a suit one-bid is nonforcing.Form of scoring: BWS makes no adjustments in its agreements to match changes in the form of scoring (as in matchpoints vs. imps).Four notrump:(a) If an undiscussed but clearly forcing noncompetitive four-notrump bid might logically be interpreted as more than one of these alternatives, the priority order of interpretation is: (1) ace- or key-card-asking, (2) general slam encouragement, (3) control-showing; (b) If an undiscussed competitive four-notrump bid that might logically be interpreted as more than one among these alternatives, the priority order is (1) takeout, (2)key-card-asking, (3) ace-asking.Interpretation priorities: When a call is subject to different possible interpretations and there is no explicit system agreement, it should be considered as follows:(a) natural rather than artificial;(b) if a double, the most sensible interpretation to the observer;(c) lead-directing or not by which seems more sensible to the observer;(d) if a redouble, business or escape by which seems more sensible to the observer;(e) if a pass over an opponent's redouble, penalty or escape by which seems more sensible to the observer.Jumps:(a) the default interpretation of an otherwise-undefined bid one level above astrength-showing force (e.g., one club - one diamond - one heart - three spades) is a splinter;(b) the default interpretation of a bid one level above a splinter (e.g., one spade - five diamonds) is Exclusion Key-Card Blackwood. Exceptions include: A triple jump-response of four of a major is natural (preemptive in nature).Lead-directing doubles:(a) a double of a suitless auction to three notrump or four notrump requests the lead ofleader's shorter major;(b) no special lead is suggested by a double: (1) of a suitless auction to six notrump or seven notrump; (2) when some combination of dummy's suit, leader's suit, and doubler's suit is available; (3) when there are expected and unexpected leads; or (4) after the opponents' previously uncontested Stayman auction;(c) a double for an unusual lead against a suit contract cancels any earlier lead-directional messages.Opposing doubles: When a forcing bid is doubled and there is no contrary explicit system agreement or logic from the auction, a pass is forcing and a redouble is to play (suggests a contract).Passed-hand situations: When it is logically possible and there is no explicit understanding to the contrary, an action taken by a passed hand has the same general meaning as the corresponding action taken by an unpassed hand, subject to whatever constraints are imposed by the failure to open the bidding.Passes over redoubles: A pass over a redouble is:(a) for penalty when a preemptive opening is doubled in either position, a suit one-bid is doubled in reopening position, or a bid at the two-level or higher is doubled after the opponents have bid three or more times;(b) for takeout when a suit one-bid is doubled in direct position or a new-suit response is doubled;(c) subject to no special agreement when a raise of a one-bid is doubled, or aone-notrump response is doubled, or a one-level bid after the opponents have bid three or more times is doubled.Redoubles: A redouble is natural (to play) except the following, which are for takeout: any redouble in passout seat when at least two other strains are possible; opener's redouble of the direct double of a suit one-bid passed for penalty; advancer's redouble of either the penalty double of a simple overcall of a one-bid or the double of a two-notrump overcall of a weak two-bid.Splinters vs. Fragments: When two bids are to be used systemically to show distribution, and either each will show shortness in the suit bid ("splinter") or each will show shortness in the suit left unbid ("fragment"), the splinter interpretation applies in all cases.Suit jumps: If an undiscussed competitive suit jump might logically be interpreted in more than one way, it is natural.Two notrump: Competitive two-notrump bids that might be used artificially to help distinguish actions designed to contest the auction from those of a constructive nature are natural.III. Slam-Bidding MethodsAce- and Key-Card-Asking:(a) When a four-notrump bid is Key-Card Blackwood (KCB), the replies are: five clubs = 0 or 3 key cards; five diamonds = 1 or 4; five hearts (spades) = 2 without (with) the trump queen.(b) When a four-notrump bid is Six-Key-Card Blackwood (6KCB), the replies are similar with "trump queen" replaced by "key queen."(c) When a four-notrump bid is Blackwood but is neither KCB nor 6KCB, or when a bid other than four notrump or four clubs asks for aces, the replies are 0|3-1|4 [one step = 0 or 3 aces; two steps = 1 or 4; three steps = 2].(d) When Gerber (four clubs asking for aces) is used, the replies are in steps: one step = 0 aces, two steps = 1 ace, and so forth.Agreed Suit and Number of Keys:When four notrump is a key-card ask, it is 6KCB when and only when two suits have been supported. In KCB, absent an explicit agreement, the priority order for determining the agreed suit is: the only supported suit; the only shown suit; the most recently shown suit. Specific cases:(a) After a two-club opening and a later Blackwood four-notrump bid by opener when there is no explicitly agreed suit: If opener has shown length in only one suit, four notrump is KCB with that suit agreed; otherwise, it is KCB and the usual rules apply. (b) When the response to a suit one-bid is a strong jump-shift, and responder then bids four notrump, that is KCB in responder's suit.Approaches to slam decisions:First Slam-Try: When the first slam-try after suit agreement is made by a player who has shown no suit other than the agreed suit, it shows length in the bid suit (or, when applicable, where a high-card value will be especially useful).Kaplan Control Principles: When there is an agreed suit:(a) After a slam-try by one partner at or below four of the agreed suit: (1) a non-signoff bid or redouble by the other is slam-positive and indicates a specific control; (2) failure to show a control is slam-negative, but does not deny that control.(b) After a slam-try by one partner above four of the agreed suit, the other must show any biddable control below five of the agreed suit (and doing so carries no implication of overall extra values).Last Train: Any time there is only one call that indicates slam interest or further slam interest without raising the partnership's level of commitment, it is a Last-Train slam-try, unrelated to the strain named (unless followed by an uninvited further action: a voluntary continuation by the Last-Train bidder converts the Last-Train bid to a control-bid).Mild and Serious Slam-Tries: When an eight-plus-card major-suit fit has been established, neither partner has made a natural two-notrump bid, and the auction is forcing to game, a nonjump bid of three notrump is a mild slam-try, and a control-bid or a long-suit indicator is a strong slam-try.Open suit: When one partner has requested that the other (replier) bid slam with at least second-round control of a particular suit (the open suit) regardless of the rest of the holding, this scheme is used for replier's actions: with no control in the open suit, pass or return to (usually five of) the agreed suit; with second-round control, bid six of the agreed suit (or five notrump with the guarded king); with first-round control, control-bid in theopen suit (or, with, additionally, first-round or maximum-possible and anas-yet-unshown control in another suit, control-bid in that suit).Asking follow-ups:(a) A later bid in the agreed suit (or, in 6KCB, in either of the raised suits) is a signoff (but Teller, with the higher number of key cards for an ambiguous initial reply, may bid on).(b) After a 0|3 or 1|4 reply to KCB, the cheapest forcing bid by the Blackwood bidder other than a specific-king-ask is a trump-queen-ask, and the negative reply is a return to the agreed suit. After a 0|3 or 1|4 reply to 6KCB, the cheapest bid by the Blackwood bidder below five of a raised suit is a queen-ask relating to both raised suits, with replies in steps: one step, no queen; two steps, one queen; three or more steps, two queens. (c) A five-notrump bid by the Blackwood (or KCB or 6KCB) bidder confirms partnership possession of all the aces (or of all key cards and the trump queen or key queens or equivalents), invites a grand slam, and asks for specific kings outside the agreed suit (in KCB) or outside the raised suits (in 6KCB).Exclusion Blackwood: When a call is defined as Exclusion Blackwood (EB), the replies are in steps similar to Key-Card Blackwood, but the replier does not count the ace of an excluded suit. The EB interpretation applies to certain jumps that name an excluded suit, and also when a player makes a slam-try, indicates a short suit, receives no encouragement, and then bids four notrump (in which case the indicated short suit is an excluded suit).Grand-Slam Force: When a five-notrump bid is the Grand-Slam Force:(a) The scheme for determining the agreed suit is the same as it is for Key-Card Blackwood.(b) Replier bids above the agreed suit with two (or three) of the top three trump honors. With a lesser trump holding, he bids cheapest-weakest (the higher the bid, the stronger the holding).Interference:(a) When there is interference after an ace- or key-card-ask, the replies are: (1) at low enough levels, DOPI (double or redouble = 0 or 0|3, pass = 1 or 1|4, cheapest bid = 2 or 2 without the trump queen, etc.); (2) at high enough levels, DEPO (double = even, pass = odd).(b) When there is interference after a Grand-Slam Force, the replies are: (1) at low enough levels, DOPI (double or redouble substitutes for what would have been the cheapest bid, pass substitutes for what would have been the second-cheapest bid, the cheapest bid substitutes for what would have been the third-cheapest bid, etc., subject to the logic of the auction); (2) at high enough levels, DEPO (double = even, pass = odd). (c) When an artificial slam-try (such as a control-bid or a splinter) is doubled, the weakest action by the next player to speak is a return to the agreed suit (or whatever would have been the weakest action without the double).Pass and Pull: Making a forcing pass and pulling partner's double is stronger than the same action taken directly.Slow arrival: Except where there is a specific agreement to the contrary, when there is a choice between two game-forcing bids in a particular strain, BWS uses slow arrival (ajump is either stronger than a simple bid or it is a picture bid with a specific descriptive meaning).Voids: A reply to an ace- or key-card-ask above the usual range shows a void:(a) the cheapest void-showing reply shows two [or an even number of] aces or key cards, plus a void;(b) a higher action indicates one [or an odd number of] aces or key cards, plus a void, and, when possible, indicates the suit of the void.IV. Partnership-Bidding MethodsThis section describes agreements about auctions in which our side makes the first bid and the opponents do nothing but pass.A. Opening-Bid RequirementsBWS-2017 is a mostly natural system based on an artificial, strong two-club opening, weak two-bids in the other suits, strong notrump (with Stayman and transfers), andfive-card majors (with a semi-forcing one-notrump response and game-forcingtwo-over-one responses). Opening requirements are neither extremely sound nor light. The minimum requirement to open with a long minor is about half a point higher than with a long major.♠ A Q x xx ♥ A x x ♦ J x xx ♣ xis a minimum one-spade opening bid as dealer with neither side vulnerable.♠ A K Q J 10 ♥ A K Q ♦ K 10 9 x ♣ xor♠ A K Q J 10 ♥ A K Q ♦ Q 10 9 x ♣ xis a minimum two-club opening bid as dealer with neither side vulnerable.This scheme is used for opening the bidding with a balanced hand:suit, then minimum notrump: 12 to 14 HCPone notrump: 15 to 17 HCPsuit, then strong action in notrump: 18 to 19 HCPtwo notrump: 20 to weak 22 HCPtwo clubs, then minimum notrump: strong 22 to 24 HCPtwo clubs, then two hearts (Birthright) over a two-diamond response, then two notrump over a two-spade relay: 25-plus HCPIt is optional to open one notrump with any of these distributions: 5-3-3-2 with a long major, 2=4=2=5, 2=4=5=2, 6-3-2-2 with a long minor.It is acceptable to open two notrump (or two clubs, intending to rebid in notrump) with an unstopped doubleton, a five-card major, a six-card minor, or five-four distribution including a five-card minor.On the understanding that requirements within an overall style vary with form of scoring, table position and vulnerability, the BWS requirements for initial preemptive openings are not extreme in any direction.A three-notrump opening is gambling (solid seven-card minor with little side strength).An opening of four of a minor is natural.A first- or second-position weak two-bid that includes three of this list of characteristics is unacceptable: five cards in the bid suit; seven cards in the bid suit; flimsy (definition adjusted to suit the vulnerability) six cards in the bid suit; side void; side four-card or longer suit. Otherwise, opener may use judgment.B. Choice of SuitWhen opening a one-bid in a minor suit: with three-three in the minors, always bid one club; with either four-four in the minors or four diamonds, five clubs and aminimum-range hand, use judgment to decide which minor to open.With a minimum-range five-six hand, open in the higher and shorter suit only when the long suits are adjacent.On a hand calling for an opening one-bid with five-five in the black suits, opener should always bid one spade.In third or fourth position, it is acceptable to open in a strong four-card major if the auction rates to be manageable thereafter.C. After Our PreemptResponding to preemptive openings in a suit: When responder is an unpassed hand:(a1) if the opening is not in clubs and not at the four-level, a four-notrump response is an ace-ask, a four-club response is a key-card-ask;(a2) when the opening is three clubs or at the four-level, four notrump is a key-card-ask;(b) a raise of a major-suit preempt to five is a trump-ask after a four-bid, otherwise preemptive (a bar);(c) a simple new-suit response to partner's game-level preemptive opening is anasking-bid about the suit named (replies: one step, neither first- nor second-round control; two steps, second-round control; three steps, first-round control; higher, first- and second-round controls);(d) a simple below-game new-suit response is a one-round force;(e) a below-game, jump new-suit response other than four clubs is an asking-bid about the bid suit;(f) a two-notrump response to a weak two-bid invites game and suggests a fit for opener's suit.Responses to a three-notrump opening:(a) club bids are pass-or-correct;(b) four notrump is invitational;(c) four diamonds asks for side shortness (opener bids four of a major with shortness there, four notrump with no shortness, or five of a minor with shortness in the other minor;(d) any other bid is natural.Weak two-bidder's continuations: After a two-notrump response to a weak two-bid, opener's rebids are: Feature-showing with a maximum.D. After Our Two ClubsA two-diamond response to two clubs denies the values for a positive response in a hand with either a strong suit (at least six-card length or five cards headed by at least two honors) or acceptable orientation to bid notrump.A suit-bid response to two clubs from three hearts to four diamonds indicates a one-loser suit.After a two-diamond response and a natural simple new-suit rebid by opener, responder's cheapest minor-suit bid through three diamonds is a double negative (after which opener's same-suit rebid of three of a major may be passed), new-suit single jump is a splinter raise, and double raise is a picture bid (strong trumps and little else). Two clubs — two diamonds — two hearts is Birthright (responder relays with two spades, after which opener bids two notrump to show a balanced, game-going hand or anything else to show hearts and whatever shape is shown by the most-recent bid).E. After Our Two-Notrump-Family OpeningThese methods apply after a two-notrump opening bid, a two-notrump rebid by atwo-club opener following a two-diamond response, and a two-notrump rerebid by atwo-club opener in the sequence two clubs — two diamonds — two hearts (Birthright) —two spades (relay) — two notrump:(a) Texas (four-level) transfers, after which four notrump is Key-Card Blackwood and a new-suit bid is Exclusion Key-Card Blackwood;(b) Gerber;(c) three spades showing both minors;(d) Jacoby (three-level) transfers, after which a notrump bid or a new-suit bid is natural, a self-raise to the four-level is a slam-try, and a new-suit jump is an autosplinter (aone-suiter with shortness in the bid suit);(e) Stayman, with responder's three-of-a-major rebid over three diamonds Smolen. There is no agreement on the difference between showing the same major-suit shape via transfer and via Smolen.F. After Our One-Notrump OpeningResponses to a one-notrump opening:(a) Texas (four-level) transfers, after which four notrump is Key-Card Blackwood, and a new-suit bid is Exclusion Key-Card Blackwood;(b) Gerber;(c) Jacoby (two-level) transfers, after which a notrump bid or a new-suit bid is natural (Transferring to spades and then bidding hearts shows at least five-five. Transferring to hearts and then bidding two spades shows at least four spades, at least five hearts, and at least game-invitational strength; this is the only way to invite game with four spades and five hearts. Over two spades, opener with a minimum bids three of a major or two notrump, any of which responder may pass; with a maximum, opener bids something else, which is a game-force.); a self-raise to the three-level is invitational; a self-raise to the four-level is a slam-try; and a new-suit jump is an autosplinter (a one-suiter with shortness in the bid suit);(d) Stayman (possibly a weak hand; opener bids hearts with both majors), followed by responder's bid of: (i) two hearts is weak (scrambling for a two-level contract with length in both majors); (ii) two spades is invitational; (iii) three of a major is invitational if a direct raise, or Smolen (forcing; ostensibly four of the bid major and five of the other) if over two diamonds, or a slam-try in opener's shown major with an unspecified splinter if in the unbid major (then, the cheapest bid by opener is a relay and responder shows the short suit in steps: lowest-|middle-|highest-ranking possible short suit; if a step bid would be inappropriately nonforcing, the next available bid substitutes for it); (iv) four clubs is a key-card-ask if opener showed a major, otherwise shows four=six in the majors; (v) four diamonds is a slam-try in opener's major with no short suit, otherwise showssix=four in the majors;(e) modified four-suit transfers with two spades = either a range inquiry (opener bids two notrump with a minimum) or clubs (simple new-suit rebid by responder shows shortness), two notrump = diamonds (simple new-suit rebid by responder shows shortness), three clubs = both minors weak (nonforcing), three of another suit = both minors strong (three diamonds = no major-suit shortness; three of a major = at most one card in the suit bid).G. After Our Major-Suit Opening(See also section I., below)Responder is unpassed except where otherwise stated.Responses:(a) a one-notrump response is semiforcing (limited to at most game-invitational strength; opener may pass with 5-3-3-2 or 4=5=2=2 and a hand deemed no stronger than 12high-card points);(b) a two-over-one response is forcing to game;(c) a single raise is moderately constructive (when responding with a weaker fitting hand, bid one notrump planning to rebid two of the major, a sequence that could also show 6-9 HCP and a doubleton fit);(d) a double raise is invitational with four or more trumps (with equivalent values and only three trumps, respond one notrump planning to rebid three of the major after a minimum new-suit rebid);(e) two notrump (no side shortness) or a new-suit double jump (splinter) showsgame-forcing strength with at least a four-card fit;(f) a jump-shift to three of an underranking suit is invitational; a two-spade response to one heart is strong and indicates a hand stronger than ordinary game-going values [a strong jump-shift shows more than ordinary game-going strength (the equivalent of16-plus HCP), a substantial suit (at least five-card length with at least two of the top three honors), and one of three hand-types: balanced, one-suited, support];(g) three notrump or a triple raise is a weak preemptive raise, the former showing some defensive strength;(h) a double jump-shift is a splinter;(i) except for one heart - four spades (which is natural), a triple jump-shift is Exclusion Key-Card Blackwood.Opener's rebids:After a one-spade response to one heart:(a) a one-notrump or two-notrump rebid may include a singleton spade;(b) a three-notrump rebid shows long, strong hearts;(c) a four-heart rebid is unrestricted as to spade length;(d) a four-of-a-minor rebid is a splinter raise.One heart — one notrump — two spades is forcing.One of a major — one notrump — two notrump is invitational; responder's continuation of three of a suit other than opener's is a transfer.One of a major — one notrump — rebid one level above a forcing reverse or jump-shift is an autosplinter (big one-suiter; shortness bid).After a two-over-one response, a two-level reverse or a non-jump three-level new-suit bid shows extra strength, but two notrump or a single raise may be based on a minimum hand.After a single raise:(a) a reraise to three is preemptive;(b) two notrump is forcing with at least game-invitational strength;(c) a simple new-suit bid is a game-try showing length (or a suit where honor strength would be helpful).After a two-notrump forcing raise: a simple new-suit bid shows shortness, a new-suit jump shows a two-suiter, and the three other game-and-below bids (simple same-suit rebid, three notrump, jump same-suit rebid), herein called TOBs, deny the requirements for any new-suit bid. The TOBs are graded from strongest to weakest (cheapest bid is strongest).After a direct game-invitational raise to three of opener's major: the cheapest bid asks for shortness. One heart — three hearts — three notrump is a control-bid in spades. Later actions:(a) After one heart — one notrump — two of a minor — ?, two spades is a strong raise of opener's minor and is forcing to three of opener's minor;(b) After one spade — one notrump — two diamonds — ?, three hearts is a strong raise of diamonds that bears no direct relationship to hearts;(c) After one heart — one notrump — two clubs — ?, three diamonds shows long diamonds in a hand improved by the two-club bid;(d) After one of a major — one notrump — two of a lower-ranking suit — ? or aone-notrump response and a jump-shift, four of a suit ranking below opener's second suit is a control-bid supporting opener's second suit.(e) After one spade — one notrump — two clubs — ?, a two-diamond rebid is Bart, artificially temporarily suggesting five hearts and converting natural rebids by responder to showing stronger hands than if the same action had been taken directly.Passed-Hand Situations: These methods apply to responding to a major-suit opening by a passed hand:(a) one notrump is semiforcing (6-12 points);(b) two clubs is a strong raise (a hand too strong for a single raise, but unsuited to a higher bid);(c) three clubs is natural, similar to two diamonds but with long clubs;(d) a jump-shift other than three clubs is a strong raise with length in the suit bid;(e) a double jump-shift is a splinter raise.H. After Our Minor-Suit Opening(See also section I., below)Responder is unpassed except where otherwise stated.Responses: In response to one club, with four of a major and four-plus diamonds, responder bids: one of the major with four diamonds, one diamond with invitational-plus values (otherwise one of the major) with five diamonds, one diamond with six diamonds. In response to one diamond: two clubs is forcing to game; three clubs is invitational. A one-notrump response shows 6-10 points. A jump-shift to the two-level is limited with majors if two of a major (five-plus spades, four-plus hearts, game-invitational if two spades, weaker than game-invitational if two hearts), strong [see section G, above, for requirements] if two diamonds. A two-notrump response to a minor opening is natural and invitational. A single minor-suit raise is game-invitational or stronger, forcing to three of the raised minor, and denies a four-card or longer major; a double raise is preemptive (but of sufficient strength to support a contract of three notrump or four of the minor opposite a balanced hand with 18-19 HCP); a double jump-shift is agame-forcing splinter. A three-notrump response shows a balanced hand, 16-17 HCP, and little suit-slam interest. A triple jump-shift response is natural (an exception to "one level above a splinter is Exclusion Key-Card Blackwood").。

北京华企领队：潘壮(兼)教练：队员：潘壮康蒙李小毅李新孙少林浙江长风领队：江连青(兼)教练：队员：江连青连若炀王方林翁于挺尤坚勇广州珠江领队：辜学海(兼)教练：队员：辜学海王惠君(女) 马智威黄水怒广州东方化工领队：罗文阐(兼)教练：队员：罗文阐谭坚乐林楼兴成广州惠尔医疗领队：靳国庆(兼)教练：队员：靳国庆元绵龙宋宏邦戴宇王少波张铁山广州华工领队：黄又平(兼)教练：队员：黄又平李漾刘勇吴剑宏刘彤广州华意化工领队：王俊(兼)教练：队员：王俊黎永传陆剑瑜赵雪峰卢然峰广州水鱼领队：蔡俊强(兼)教练：裴菊友(兼)队员：蔡俊强裴菊友刘永军林济雄平顶山桥协领队：贺彦增(兼)队员：贺彦增王学东司卡晨张宪君平顶山体育村领队：郑永泉(兼)教练：队员：郑永泉何晓民许明圣李洁VANKE（万科）领队：王进扬(兼)教练：队员：王石张纪文王进扬刘均代光辉深圳联队领队：周磊(兼)教练：队员：周磊唐更生刘伟华何国祥马文良张强湖南安邦制药领队：易文云(兼)教练：易文云(兼)队员：易文云佘定国陈少波陈宗祥旷跃刚沈明坤湖南万通领队：彭红娜(女)教练：队员：黎日超郑克明赵强徐海兴珠海国豪领队：余国定(兼)教练：队员：余国定胡光辉胡生军邓五方罗学东珠海九州领队：陈国华(兼)教练：队员：陈国华王涛占华胡嘉深圳平安领队：林亚夫(兼)教练：队员：林亚夫沈佳祥彭健锋王锐海口火电领队：杨敏(兼)队员：杨敏程太李长湘刘跃云赖信君海南事达国旅领队：肖兵教练：队员：徐戈赵越鲍小平李建伟柴俊阳(女) 周利华(女)海南电信领队：刘幼振(兼)教练：队员：刘幼振蔡克强叶剑新陈南张翔海南人保领队：田伟平(兼)教练：陈洪深(兼)队员：田伟平李宏光陈洪深李锦生王开华海南省经贸厅领队：裴真(兼)教练：队员：裴真符布明薛宏伟肖国权娄俊杰林一叶海口景缘陶瓷领队：张文星(兼)教练：队员：刘进张文星张伟王朝川海口万国证券领队：雷军(兼)教练：队员：雷军罗帅陈昕国金复明沈士群赵志强海南中银领队：王东和(兼)教练：队员：戴永生王东和舒庆新唐轶先刘文品郑丹楠海南金海领队：王函(兼)教练：队员：王函马景荣郑会锋陈辉夏力军潘家新海南省桥协领队：王长有队员：周继太崔建武许书平蔡斌王建明贾为民三亚市领队：朱柏林(兼)教练：队员：朱柏林赵新月何博吴章杰葛朝阳刘为。

精确叫牌法简述一、点力一般描述二、精确法开叫表三、黑木问叫（黑木问叫是发动满贯的一方问对家A、K或第一、第二轮控制的一种方法。

4NT或不寻常4为问A；问A后的5NT或5为问K。

）答叫：加一级：零或三个；加二级：一或四个；加三级：相邻的两个；加四级：相间的两个。

四、将牌问叫（开叫人直接平加叫应叫人示强应叫的花色，要求应叫人清楚地报出该花色的情况。

）回答报AKQ中的张数：加一级5+，0/AKQ（5张以上套，AKQ中无1张，下同）；加二级S5，1/AKQ；加三级S5，2/AKQ；加四级S6，1/AKQ；加五级S6，2/AKQ；加六级S5+，3/AKQ。

被干扰时：×＝加1级，PASS＝加2级，在对方的争叫之上加1级＝加3级，在对方的争叫之上加2级＝加4级五、A问叫（1C开叫，任何示强应叫之后，开叫者跳叫新花色。

1D/H/S开叫之后，应叫者立即跳叫新花色。

）答叫：同级NT=所问花色无顶张大牌，其余花色无A；加一级=所问花色有1顶张大牌，其余花色无A；叫新花（问叫花色以外）=所问花色无顶张大牌，答叫花色有A；跳叫新花=所问花色有1顶张大牌，答叫花色有A；跳叫NT=所问花色无顶张大牌，其余花色有2个A；跳加叫问叫花色=所问花色有1顶张大牌，其余花色有2个A。

被干扰时：×＝加1级，PASS＝加2级，在对方的争叫之上加1级＝加3级，在对方的争叫之上加2级＝加4级六、支持问叫（在示强应叫后，开叫人叫出新花色，要求应叫人报出对开叫人花色的支持，和他手中的控制数。

）答叫：加一级JXX-，3个控制-；加二级JXX-，4个控制以上；加三级QXX+，3个控制-；加四级QXX+，4个控制以上；加五级XXXX+，4个控制以上；超过五级的任何叫品是自然叫，表明双色套牌（55或更好），4个控制以上。

被干扰时：×＝加1级，PASS＝加2级，在对方的争叫之上加1级＝加3级，在对方的争叫之上加2级＝加4级附表一桥牌比赛记分表裁判主队队长客队队长附表二桥牌双人赛随牌记分表♠副次♥局况♦年月日♣♠♥♦♣一、1♣开叫（16点以上非均型牌）（一）应叫1♦（0-7点或8点以上的假示弱）（二）应叫1♥/1♠/2♣/2♦（8点以上，5张以上套），一般至少逼叫到2NT：将牌配合时（无论开叫方或应叫方）可用将牌问叫（平加叫，一般将牌需配合），按5小/1大4小/2大3小/1大5小/2大4小/3大逐级回答，以后用控制问叫。

一、桥牌队式赛记分表年月日第轮开（闭）室二、桥牌单桌比赛记分北：南：东：西：三、桥牌计分规则——适用于各种桥牌竞赛（一）基本分定约方完成定约，得分如下：有将定约未加倍加倍再加倍低级花色（方片）或（梅花）每一墩20 40 80 高级花色（黑桃）或（红心）每一墩30 60 120 无将定约第一墩40 80 160 从第二墩起，每一墩30 60 120 一个定约的完成，不论成局与否，另加奖分。

（二）奖分3、定约方完成不成局定约504、定约方完成成局定约无局方300 有局方5005、定约方完成小满贯定约无局方500 有局方7506、定约方完成大满贯定约无局方1000 有局方1500四、桥牌记分（无局方）奖励分一览表：五、桥牌记分（有局方）奖励分一览表：六、惩罚分一览表：（有局方）七、惩罚分一览表：（无局方）八、桥牌记分方法（IMP国际分）九、复式桥牌1－16副牌局况表十、牌点与定约高低的关系根据对大量实际比赛的牌例进行统计分析，总结出联手牌点的数量与可完成定约的阶数大致有如下关系：25点：可完成3NT定约26点：可完成4阶有将定约（高花4S/4H可成局）28点：可完成5阶有将定约（低花5D/5C可成局）33点：可完成6阶小满贯定约37点：可完成7阶大满贯定约提示：为了得到奖励分中的成局分，不同的花色需要叫到不同阶数的定约才能成局：C、D必须叫到5阶以上，S、H叫到4阶以上，NT只需要叫到3阶。

从以上牌点与可完成定约的阶数可知：完成低花成局定约（5D/5C）要求牌点数是比较高的（28点），完成高花成局定约（4S/4H）需要26点牌点，而完成3NT无将定约只需要25点牌点即可。

因此，在叫牌的时候尽量寻求高花定约，降低对大牌点的需求。

下面对贴点记分法举例说明：第一副，双无。

北定约2S，拿8墩，正好完成定约。

得2×30+50=110分，折成3点，但南北有大牌22点，贴东西2点，净胜1点。

第二副，南北。

这样一来，庄家已经确保12个赢墩。

第13个赢墩需要通过对西家在D C花色实施紧逼获得。

这款紧逼必需以C花色作为联通花色，形成维也纳紧逼。

从而庄家必须早期飞D Q，然后兑现D A以去阻塞，这就是所谓维也纳妙招。

这款维也纳紧逼必须安排南家的S作为挤张发动。

如果在西家首攻S T时，东家愚蠢地打出S K，南家S A吃住，飞过D Q 之后，庄家就能够早期兑现北家的S J赢墩，消去西家闲张，可以形成如下图的紧逼：------------S7------------H―------------D―------------C AQJ6…………北胁张S―H―--------------------无关紧要D KC K973------------S Q………………挤张------------H―------------D T………………南胁张------------C T42在这款紧逼中，庄家把对西家在C花色的飞牌推迟嵌入到紧逼过程之中：只要西家放弃C，庄家就可以领出C T飞牌，拿满4个C赢墩。

但是在实战中，防家不会配合庄家打出S K，于是北家的S J赢墩就不能早期兑现。

因此前述之紧逼实际上是不可能实现的，因为为西家多出一个闲张。

但是这副牌庄家可以演进为进张紧逼：南家S Q赢得首攻、飞D Q、拔D A、庄家连打H，形成如图之进张紧逼局面：------------S J4------------H A………………挤张------------D―------------C AQJ6S98---------------------S KH―---------------------其它无关紧要D KC K973------------S A5------------H―------------D T7------------C T42---------进张紧逼在这款紧逼中，D和C是普通赢墩意义下的胁张，而S花色是进张意义下的胁张：庄家在这门花色上已经持有全部赢墩，紧逼的意义在于迫使西家垫去一张S，不在于获取赢墩，而是为南家获取进张：以后南家S A盖吃北家的S J、击落东家的S K实现第一次进手，实施C花色飞牌；尔后南家的S5盖吃北家的S4实现第二次进手，完成庄家进张紧逼的战略意图（进张紧逼通常是进手后获取赢墩、或者实现飞牌、本牌例则是充当挤张发动紧逼）。

桥牌游戏提倡“费厄泼赖”倪国荣“费厄泼赖”，英语Fair Play的音译，原为体育运动竞赛和其他竞技所用的术语。

意思是光明正大的比赛，不要用不正当的手段，胜利者对失败者要宽大，不要过于认真，不要穷追猛打；英国资产阶级曾鼓吹运用这种精神于政治党派之间的斗争和社会生活中，认为这是每一个资产阶级绅士所应有的涵养和品质，并自称英国是一个“费厄泼赖”的国度，但从来没有真的实行过——从日本、韩国、台湾议会抑或立法院的“全武行”便是所谓“民主”的范例。

当年，《语丝》五七期上林语堂曾经讲起“费厄泼赖”以为此种精神在中国最不易得，我们只好努力鼓励；又谓不“打落水狗”，即足以补充“费厄泼赖”的意义；鲁迅先生就此回应过一篇有名的杂文《论费厄泼赖应该缓行》，主张对资本家的“乏走狗”，不论是水中的或者岸上的都要痛打，主张“费厄泼赖”应当缓行，否则，落水狗一旦上岸，摇头一甩，至少会让您一脸雾水……这是在特定的历史条件下不得已而为之的办法，而如今玩桥牌，敝人则提倡“费厄泼赖”——纯有教养者的游戏。

开国上将吕正操最近百岁高龄驾鹤西去，体现本刊撰稿人之一舒英先生之一篇文章“桥牌仁者寿”真见，老将军也酷爱桥牌，曾与荣乐弟搭档PK另一对同好（改革开放总设计师邓小平和聂卫平组合），但总赢少输多而有点耿耿于怀，09年一份颇有影响的报纸曾报道过他们的业余比赛轶事，说“小”聂似乎比较富于同情心，有一次他持黑桃AK××，就有意无意直接冒叫4阶成局（该花色对方正好是长套），而其旁门花色大牌差强人意，于是被不客气地加倍宕4，事后“领导”搭口信曰以后大家从此就分道扬镳吧，可见这样送人情似欠妥，也有悖于自己的初衷；舒英先生曾对聂卫平同时花大量时间于桥牌颇有微词，说这“一石二鸟”会导致他棋艺下滑，果然（但也许会相辅相成，见仁见智嘛），这与聂棋圣喜欢生鱼片和冬天吃西瓜一样，纯系个人爱好。

北洋军阀段祺瑞也附庸风雅围棋，其子（宏业）也嗜好纹枰之术，年轻且技艺略高一筹，有时父子二人对弈，常常为一二子争得面红耳赤，段每败便训斥儿子只会下棋，别的啥也不行，以求得一时心态的平衡；昔年围棋神童吴清源，由义父杨子安带领拜见段祺瑞，实为来拉东洋出行之赞助，杨告诉清源，既不可大胜，也不能完败，否则……殊不知，吴神童对局当中，被段之“硬投拆三”的招法逼急，极力应对，结果中盘就早早决出胜负了——可想而知，赞助费也就竹篮打水一场空了；那时吴年当弱冠却少年气盛（不会“费厄泼赖“做人，加之两人棋艺不是一个档次），在领教过吴的棋艺厉害后，段倒也有自知之明，就谢绝与吴手谈，改由幕僚出马，自己则作壁上观，吴从来没想过让子，杀得那些请客人仰马翻，之后在段府感到索然无味，就空手东渡日本，最终修得“棋圣”正果，那是后话。