宾语从句常见考点分析[2]
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宾语从句三大考点
宾语从句是中考英语的一个重要考点,以下是关于宾语从句三大考点的详细介绍:
- 连接词:
- that引导的宾语从句,that无实际意义,大多数情况下可以省略。
如:He says(that) he will leave for Chongqing.他说他要离开去重庆。
- if或whether引导的宾语从句,译为“是否”,不能省略。
如:He wants to know if / whether it will rain tomorrow.他想知道明天是否会下雨。
- 特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句,不能省略。
如:He asks why he will leave for Chongqing.他问道为什么他要离开去重庆。
- 从句语序:只出现在if、whether和特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句中,语序需用陈述语序,即:连接词+主语+谓语。
如:He wants to know if he will go to Chongqing.他想知道他是否要去重庆。
- 从句时态:取决于主句的时态,主要分两种情况。
- 主句为现在时态,从句随意(根据从句表达的意思),现在时包括:一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时。
- 主句为过去时态,从句需用过去的某种时态。
希望以上内容能够帮助你更好地理解和掌握宾语从句的用法。
宾语从句宾语从句考查的重点是引导词、时态和语序,其结构为:…动词+ 引导词+ 宾语从句【1】引导词(1)that 引导陈述句作宾语从句有时可省略。
(2)if "是否"引导一般问句作宾语从句whether "是否"引导一般问句或选择问句作宾语从句(3)疑问词引导特殊问句作宾语从句。
【2】语序:一律为陈述句语序。
陈述句语序;是be/助/情在主语之后或没有be/助/情疑问句语序;是be/助/情在主语之前。
【3】时态:(1)主句是一般现在时或祈使句,宾语从句根据需要选用任何时态。
(2)主句是一般过去时,宾语从句只能用过去时态。
即:一般过去时(过去式V-ed)过去进行时(was/were + V-ing)过去将来时(would + V原/was/were going to + V原)过去完成时(had + 过去分词)(3)从句表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象时,从句的时态一律使用一般现在时。
宾语从句的其它考点1. whether与if 用法区别2. 宾语从句的否定转移3. 宾语从句的变换疑问词+ to do sth./ to do sth.高频考点一:宾语从句的引导词①宾语从句是陈述句,引导词用that,在口语中that可以省略。
eg: We believe(that) he is honest.我们相信他是诚实的②如果宾语从句由一般疑问句转换而来,其引导词用if或whether。
一般情况下,二者可以通用,但要注意只能用whether的情况。
例: I’ve no idea if/ whether she will come here. 我不知道她是否将来这儿Sorry, I don't know whether he will come or not. 对不起,我不知道他是否会来whether与if 的考点whether与if 同义“是否”引导宾语从句,当主句动词为一般现在时,从句可根据需要选用任何时态;通常两者可以互换;但在下列四种情况只能用whether:(1) whether …or not例:I don't know whether he'll come or not.(2) whether + 动词不定式。
宾语从句(讲解部分由李璇、李婷婷整理;综合题部分由周丽丽整理)宾语从句是一种名词性从句,在句中作及物动词的宾语,或介词的宾语。
考点一、宾语从句的种类宾语从句的引导词有:that,if,whether,who,whom,whose,what,which, when,where,why,how根据引导宾语从句的不同连词,宾语从句可分为三类。
1.由that引导的宾语从句。
That只有语法作用,没有实在的意义,在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。
例如:He said(that)he wanted to stay at home.She doesn’t know(that)she is seriously ill.I am sure(that)he will succeed.注意:引导词that用于下列情况是不能省略;(1)当宾语从句的主语是that时。
如:He says that that is a useful book.(2)当宾语从句中含有主从复合句时。
如:I’m afraid that if you’ve lostit,you must pay for it.(3)当两个或多个宾语从句由并列连词连接时,除第一个从句中的that可省略外,其余从句中的that都不能省略。
如:He said(that)the film was very interesting and that he enjoyed seeing it vey much.2.由以下引导词引导的宾语从句:who,whom,whose,what,which,when,where,why,how。
这些引导词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。
例如:Do you know who(whom)they are waiting for?He asked whose handwriting was the best.Can you tell me where the No.3bus stop is?I don’t know why the train is late.Could you tell me what to do then?I want to know which one you prefer.I’m wondering how I can get to the nearest park.He asked me when to finish the job.3.由if或whether引导的宾语从句。
中考英语常见考点分析宾语从句详解宾语从句是一个句子作为动词的宾语,并且在句中一般位于动词之后。
宾语从句有时可以用 that 连接,有时可以省略 that。
下面是中考英语中常见的宾语从句类型及注意点:1.陈述句宾语从句:主要用于表示事实、真理、看法等比较客观的内容。
常用连词 that引导。
例如:- He said (that) he was ill.(他说他生病了。
)- I know (that) the book is very interesting.(我知道这本书很有趣。
)2.一般疑问句宾语从句:主要用于询问信息、请求对方的意见等,连词常使用 if 或 whether。
还要注意将句子结构改为陈述句语序,即将助动词、系动词放在句首,动词原形放在句末。
例如:- She asked me if/whether I had seen the film before.(她问我之前是否看过这部电影。
)3.特殊疑问句宾语从句:主要用于询问特定的信息,连词常使用 who, what, where, when, why, how等。
例如:- Could you tell me where the library is?(你能告诉我图书馆在哪里吗?)- I don't know what the answer is.(我不知道答案是什么。
)4.同位语从句:同位语从句是指它后面的从句与前面的名词具有同样的意义和指向关系,并且用来解释或说明这个名词。
它一般由连词 that 引导,常用来解释、补充或说明前面的名词。
例如:- The fact that he passed the test makes me happy.(他通过了考试这个事实使我很开心。
)- I heard the news that she got the first prize.(我听说她得了一等奖的消息。
)在使用宾语从句时,还应注意以下几个点:1. 如果主句的动词是 think, believe, know, suppose等表示思想、信念的动词时,宾语从句中的谓语动词一般不用陈述语气,而用虚拟语气。
宾语从句考点归纳考点梳理:一、宾语从句的连接词:1、连词that,只起连接作用,在从句中不作句子成分,也无词汇意义,在口语中常被省略。
eg. He knew (that) he should work hard.2、连词if 、whether,eg. Tom don’t know if/whether his grandpa liked the present.H e asked me whether or not I was coming.一般情况下,if 和whether可以互换,但以下3种情况只能用whether:①在不定式前:Whether to go there or not hasn’t been decided.②在介词前:It depends on(依靠) whether it is going to rain.③与or not连用:They are talking about whether to go there or not.3、连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which,连接副词when, where, why, how,【注意】1、由连接代、副词引导的宾语从句可以和“疑问词+不定式”结构转化。
eg. I don’t know how I should do with the presents. èI don’t know how to do with the presents.2、要注意区分判断由if、when引导的从句类型.二、宾语从句的语序:宾语从句的语序是陈述语序,即“连接词+主语+谓语+其它成分”。
陈述句变为宾语从句时,要注意人称和时态的变化,语序不变。
eg. She said, “I will leave a message on the desk.”= She said she would leave a message on the desk.一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时,也要注意人称和时态的变化,后面接陈述语序。
最新宾语从句知识点总结(2)一、初中英语宾语从句1.The weather forecast doesn’t say _________.A.if it rains tomorrow B.if does it rain tomorrowC.if it will rain tomorrow D.if will it rain tomorrow【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意:“天气预报没有说明天是否会下雨”。
考查宾语从句,宾语从句用陈述语序,排除B和D。
且根据tomorrow可知,从句用一般将来时,故选C。
2.—I’m sorry about yesterday.—Don’t worry about it. It’s never just one person’s fault. We should think about______better next time.A.how can we do it B.how we can do itC.how can they do it D.how they can do it【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:——昨天我很抱歉。
——不用担心。
它永远不只是一个人的错。
我们应该考虑下一次如何做得更好。
考查宾语从句。
宾语从句需用陈述句语序,AC都是疑问句语序,可排除。
It’s never just one person’s fault. 不只是一个人的错,意思是“我们大家都有责任”;根据句意语境,可知they不合句意,故选B。
3.—I'd like to know ________ for the party.—I have no idea.A.why did she buy so little foodB.what she has preparedC.whether will she danceD.when is she leaving【答案】B【解析】句意:--我想知道她为晚会做了什么。
宾语从句知识点梳理宾语从句:在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。
宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。
根据作用的不同,宾语从句的引导词通常分为以下几类:知识点1:宾语从句的连接词的用法在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。
常用的连接词有:that; if; whether; what; which; who; whom; when; where; how; why等。
1. 【考查点】宾语从句是陈述句时,用that引导。
在口语中that常被省略。
如:I know(that) you are a student.2. 【考查点】宾语从句是一般疑问句时,用if或whether来引导。
if, whether 意为“是否”,whether还可以与or not连用。
如:Lily wanted to know if her grandma liked the handbag.莉莉想知道她的姐姐是否喜欢这个手提袋。
3. 【考查点】宾语从句是特殊疑问句时,用疑问词引导。
如:He didn’t tell me where he was going.他没告诉我他想去哪儿。
Can you tell me what he said just now?你能告诉我他刚才说什么吗?知识点2:宾语从句的语序1. 陈述句变为宾语从句时,要注意人称和时态的变化,语序不变。
如: She said, “ I will leave a message on the desk.”她说她会在桌上留口信的。
She said that she would leave a message on the desk.2.【考查点】一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时,也要注意人称和时态的变化,后面接陈述句语序。
如:“Where are the tickets?” I asked him.我问他票在哪儿。
I asked him where the tickets were.注意:宾语从句的人称要遵循“一随主、二随宾、第三人称不更新”的原则。
高中语法考点解析宾语从句的引导词与用法宾语从句是一个非常重要且常见的语法结构,特别是在高中语法考试中。
掌握宾语从句的引导词与用法对于提高语法水平和解答相关题目至关重要。
本文将对高中语法考点宾语从句的引导词与用法进行详细解析。
宾语从句是在复合句中充当宾语的从句,它一般由连接词引导。
下面是一些常见的宾语从句引导词:1. 连接代词:1.1. that:在宾语从句中,that是最常用的引导词。
它在陈述句中做宾语时,通常可以省略,但在疑问句、感叹句和含有否定意义的句子中则不可省略。
1.2. whether:whether用于引导一个宾语从句,表示“是否”。
1.3. who、whom、whose、which、what:这些连接代词在宾语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语或状语,用于引导对人或事物的特定信息的提问。
2. 连接副词:2.1. when:用于引导宾语从句,表示“什么时候”。
2.2. where:用于引导宾语从句,表示“在哪里”。
2.3. why:用于引导宾语从句,表示“为什么”。
2.4. how:用于引导宾语从句,表示“如何”。
2.5. whether…or:用于引导宾语从句,表示“是否…或者”。
3. 连接介词:3.1. if:用于引导宾语从句,表示“是否”。
3.2. unless:用于引导宾语从句,表示“除非”。
接下来,我们将分别对这些引导词的用法作进一步的解析和讲解。
1. 连接代词的用法:1.1. that:在陈述句中充当宾语时,可以省略:I think (that) she is a teacher.1.2. whether:用于引导一个宾语从句,表示“是否”:He doesn't know whether she is coming or not.1.3. who、whom、whose、which、what:这些连接代词在宾语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语或状语,用于引导对人或事物的特定信息的提问:I don't know who will be the winner.2. 连接副词的用法:2.1. when:用于引导宾语从句,表示“什么时候”:Can you tell me when the train will arrive?2.2. where:用于引导宾语从句,表示“在哪里”:I wonder where he lives.2.3. why:用于引导宾语从句,表示“为什么”:Please explain why you didn't finish your homework.2.4. how:用于引导宾语从句,表示“如何”:I asked him how he solved the math problem.2.5. whether…or:用于引导宾语从句,表示“是否…或者”:She asked me whether I wanted coffee or tea.3. 连接介词的用法:3.1. if:用于引导宾语从句,表示“是否”:He asked me if I could help him.3.2. unless:用于引导宾语从句,表示“除非”:I won't go unless you come with me.在使用宾语从句时,需要注意以下几点:1. 引导词后面一般不要使用逗号。
A. whoB. whatC. whereD. how12. -Tommy, do you know if Frank ________ to the zoo this Sunday if it ________?-Sorry, I have no idea.A. will go; is fineB. goes; is fineC. will go; is going to be fineD. goes; will be fine13. No one can be sure_________ in a million years.A. what man looks likeB. what will man look likeC. what man looked likeD. what man will look like14. Sue told me that she _________ shopping with her sister the next day.A. will goB. would goC. goesD. has gone15. The new-designed car is on show now. I wonder _________.A. how much it costB. how much did it costC. how much it costsD. how much does it cost16. -When do you think _________?-About half past five. I will pick him up at the airport.A. he will comeB. will he comeC. did he comeD. he came17. Our teacher told us the sun ________ in the east.A. riseB. roseC. risingD. rises18. --Listen! It is still noisy in the head teacher’s office.-Go and see ________ they have finished correcting the papers yet.A. thoughB. whetherC. unlessD. while19. -What time will Mr. Brown be back to China?-Sorry. I don’t know ________.A. when did he go abroadB. why he is going abroadC. how soon will he be backD. how long he will stay abroad20. –Do you know ________ the man with sunglasses is?-I’m not sure. Maybe a reporter.A. whoB. whatC. whereD. how。
宾语从句常见考点分析
在复合句中作及物动词、介词或者形容词的宾语的句子称为宾语从句。
中考题经常从宾语从句的引导词、语序、时态以及直接引语变间接引语等方面进行考查。
一宾语从句的引导词
(一)语法链接
1.当宾语从句是由陈述句变来时,引导词要用that,that无意义,在非正式
文体中常省略。
如:
He says (that) he will go skating tomorrow. 他说明天他要去滑冰。
2.当宾语从句是由一般疑问句变来时,引导词要用if/whether“是否”。
如:
Linda asked me if/whether I had a great time yesterday. 琳达问我昨天过得是否愉快。
3.当宾语从句是由特殊疑问句变来时,要用原来的疑问代词或疑问副词作引
导词。
如:
I don’t know when we’ll leave. 我不知道我们什么时候离开。
4. 宾语从句在介词之后,或者与or not 连用时,通常用whether不用if。
如:
They’re talking about whether they will join the club. 他们正在讨论是否要加入这个俱乐部。
He asked the teacher whether she should do to the museum by bike or not.
她问老师是否要骑自行车去博物馆。
(二)中考题例析
He asked me ______ we could go to Beijing to watch the game by plane.(2008陕西)
A. that
B. if
C. how
D. what
此题专门考查了宾语从句的引导词的使用,根据主句可以推出宾语从句表达的是不确定的语气,所以排除选项A;宾语从句中没有缺少与how和what 相对应的句子成分,从而排除选项C和D,故本题应选B。
二宾语从句的语序
(一)语法链接
宾语从句的语序应为陈述句语序,即:引导词+主语+谓语+其它或者是引导词(作宾语从句的主语)+谓语+其它。
如:
I wonder when he will come back? 我想知道他什么时候回来?
Do you know who invented the computer? 你知道谁发明的电脑吗?
(二)中考题例析
—Do you know ____?
—Sorry, I don't know. (2008湖北武汉)
A. where does Jimmy work
B. where Jimmy works
C. how does Jimmy go to work
D. what does Jimmy do
宾语从句用的是陈述句语序,而选项A、C、D用的是疑问句语序而不是陈述句语序,所以该题的正确答案应为B。
三宾语从句的时态
(一)相关语法链接
1.当主句是一般现在时时,后面的宾语从句应根据实际使用合适的时态。
如:
I know they had a great time last Sunday. 我知道他们上周过得很愉快。
I hope they will have a great time next week. 我希望他们下周过得愉快。
2.当主句是一般过去时时,后面的宾语从句要用过去的某一时态。
如:
He said he had left his backpack at home. 他说他把书包忘在家里了。
3.当宾语从句表示的是普遍真理时,无论主句是什么时态,从句都要用一般
现在时。
如:
The teacher told his children the moon travels around the earth. 老师告诉他的学生月亮围着地球转。
(二)中考题例析
—Do you know ____ for Shanghai last night?
—At 9:00. (2008北京)
A. what time he leaves
B. what time does he leave
C. what time he left
D. what time did he leave
根据宾语从句的语序应该是陈述句语序,可以排除选项B和D,从时间状语last night可以推断宾语从句应该使用一般过去时,所以排除选项A,故本题的正确答案是C。
四宾语从句与直接引语变间接引语
(一)相关语法链接
直接引语变间接引语总体上属于宾语从句的范畴,直接引语是引用别人的原话,间接引语是转述别人的话,直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的变化规则基本一致,除了应该注意宾语从句的引导词、时态、语序三大方面外,还要特别注意人称、时间、地点等的变化。
如:
1. “What subject do you like best?” Mr. Wang asked Bill. (改为间接宾语)
Mr. Wang asked Bill what subject he liked best. (直接宾语的人称代词you在间接宾语中变为he)
2. He said to me, “I’m going to play tennis tomorrow.” (改为间接宾语)
He told me that he was going to play tennis the next day. (直接宾语的人称代词I在间接宾语中变为he,时间状语由原来的tomorrow变为the next day) (二)中考题例析
A: He said, “Are you interested in English?”(改为同义句)
B: He asked me _________ I _________ interested in English. (2008湖北孝感) 本题考查的是直接引语变间接引语,即把A句的直接引语变为B句的间接引语,它与宾语从句的变化基本相同,第一个空应为引导词if或whether,B句的主句是一般过去时,间接宾语(宾语从句)的主语与主句相适应变为I,所以第二个空应填was。
五中考题闯关
1. —I think it’s going to be a problem.
—Yes, it could be.
—I wonder_________ we can do about it. (2008湖北十堰)
A. what
B. how
C. if
D. that
2. —Can you tell me ? (2008天津)
—Yesterday.
A. when did he buy the car
B. where did he buy the car
C. when he bought the car
D. where he bought the car
3. —May I come in? I’m sorry I am late.
—Come in, please. But could you please tell me________? (2008河南)
A. why you are late again
B. what were you doing then
C. who you talked with
D. how do you come to school
4. —What did the woman ask just now ?
—She asked _____.(2008河北涿鹿)
A. who was I waiting for
B. where I live
C. how she can get to the post office
D. whether she could help to find the
post office
5.“Are you going to watch the football match next Sunday?”Father asked me. (改为复合句)
Father asked me ________ ________ __________going to watch the football match the next Sunday.(2007山东济南)
Keys: 1. A 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. if/whether, I, was。