湖南省长沙市2022-2023一中双语七下入学考试卷(无答案)

2022-2023学年湖南省长沙市重点中学七年级（下）第一次月考英语试卷A￥10.00A TICKET（票）NO.5 MIDDLE SCHOOLWILL HAVEANEW YEAR'SMOVIE NIGHTFilms：ZootopiaFriday，December 30th6：30 p.m. - 9：00 p.m.In Classroom 101 of the schoolWe will use the money to buy some books for our school library.For more information（信息），please call Miraat555-6666.Free（免费的）popcorn & coke1. The movie night lasts（持续） .A. 90 minutesB. 120 minutesC. 150 minutes2. On movie night，we can .A. buy popcorn and cokeB. watch Zootopia in Classroom 101C. read some books in the school libraryHow many bikes do you have For 67-year-old Chai Lin，the answer is over（超过） 1，300.People can see all of Chai's bikes in Gansu Sanmu Bicycle Museum（博物馆）.The museum is home to many bikes from all over the world.These are three of them.Year：1816 Country：Germany（德国）①Year：1868 Country：China②Year：1913 Country：The UK③Do you want to see bikes in different colors and sizes？Do you want to learn more about the history of bikes？Go to Sanmu Bicycle Museum! Location（地点）：Lanzhou，GansuTicket：Free▲：Bus 16/36/37/140/146；Phone number：************（1） is the oldest（年代最久远） bike of the three.A.Bike ①B.Bike ②C.Bike ③3. Which can be put in " ▲ ".A. Ways to buy bikes.B. Ways to get to the museum.C. Ways to get to Chai Lin's home.4. What can we know about Sanmu Bicycle Museum？A. It is in Jinchang，Gansu.B. It is home to Chai Lin's bikes.C. It only shows us the history of Chinese bikes.CThere lives a king in a country near the sea.The king is not happy because his peoplenever listen to him.He asks a wizard（巫师） for help.The wizard thinks of many ways，but none（没有一个） of them works.One day，a young woman tells the king that she can help him.She tells the king two spells（咒语）. "Use the first one before you ask someone to do something，and use the second one when he or she finishes the thing，" she says.Then the king has a try.He sees Julie playing with a cat.The king says to her， "Please，Julie，let me have a look at the cat."Julie is very surprised（惊讶的） because she never hears the king say that before.After she gives the cat to him，he says， "Thank you，Julie." Julie smiles.It works!People starts to like to listen to the king.The king is so happy that he gives the young woman lots of money.The wizard asks the young woman， "Where do you learn the magical（神奇的） spells？" The young woman tells him， "I get them from school.My teacher always tells me to be polite to othe rs."5. The young woman tells the king two spells " ".A. let and thanksB. please and thanksC. smile and thanks6. Why does the king become happy in the end（最后）？A. Because the cat looks very cute.B. Because the young woman gives him money.C. Because people in his country like to listen to him.7. The underlined word " polite" means .A. 严肃的B. 慷慨的C. 礼貌的8. Which of the following is the right order（顺序） of the story？①A wizard can't help the king.②A young woman tells the king two spells.③There lives an unhappy king.④The young woman gets a lot of money.A. ③①②④B. ③②④①C. ①④③②9. What's the best title（标题） for the passage？A. A Happy King.B. Magical Spells.C. The King and His Cat.DSometimes，we buy some bananas in the supermarket，but we can't eat all of them in a short time.Then some go bad before we eat them.It's a waste（浪费） of food.Now there is a piece of good news.We can save（保存） things like bananas，apples and pears with a kind of food sticker（贴纸）.It's the StixFresh stickers.It can help all kinds of fruit fresh（新鲜的） for a long time，over two weeks.How can we use StixFresh stickers？It's easy.If we want to keep some apples fresh，we can stick （粘贴） some StixFresh stickers to those apples.StixFresh stickers use a safe（安全的） way to keep fruit fresh.They don't bring anything bad to our fruit.Now scientists（科学家们） want to make a better StixFresh sticker.It can keep other kinds of food fresh. "In the future（未来），StixFresh stickers can keep our vegetables fresh.StixFresh stickers can keep our milk fresh.StixFresh stickers can even keep our flowers fresh，" they say.StixFresh stickers are really helpful in our daily life.They may be everywhere in our hom es in the future.10. The StixFresh stickers can keep for fresh.A. all the foodB. all the vegetablesC. all the fruit11. With the StixFresh stickers，bananas can .A. go bad easilyB. be bad for our healthC. keep fresh for over 14 days12. What can we infer（推断） from the passage？A. The StixFresh stickers can't keep milk fresh now.B. People can buy the StixFresh stickers everywhere now.C. People can keep apples fresh with stickers on the apple bag.13. Which word CAN'T describe（描述） the StixFresh stickers？A. fresh.B. helpful.C. safe.14. We can read the passage in a .A. sports magazineB. history bookC. science magazine15.August 12 is World Elephant Day. （1） Now let's learn something interesting about them.Elephants love to eat.We can always see elephants eat things.They can spend 16 hours a day eating. （2） India n elephants love eating apples，bananas and cabbage（卷心菜）.They also drink 200 L of water in summer.Females（雌性动物） are the boss（首领）.Elephant families have a female head.Their boss is an old female ually there is mothe r，sister，daughters and their babies in a family.There are 8 to 100 elephants in a group. （3）（4）Elephants can play soccer or music.They can also use their nose to draw a nice picture.People al ways say elephants never forget（从不会忘记）. （5） They can't forget places with food and water.And they can never forget their friends.A.Elephants are smart animals.B.Because they have a large brain（大脑）.C.All of them in the group take care of each other.D.A big African elephant can eat about 270 kg a day.E.It is a day to bring the world together to help elephants.16. Not many parents in Africa（非洲） want their children to learn ballet（芭蕾舞）.They like African dance better.But there is a ballet school in Lagos，Nigeria.Daniel is the only teacher of the school.He teaches the students ballet for free.There are 11 girl students and one boy student in the school.And Anthony isthe only one.The 11-year-old boy works very hard.To dance well like the girls，he is always the first to come to the classroom.He wants people to know boys can be ballet dancers，too.Daniel often puts videos（分享视频） of his students on the Internet（网上）.One of them is very popular（受欢迎）.In it，Anthony dances in the rain.A lot of people know about Anthony and the school because of the vide o.They think Anthony is like a flower in the wind.They want to do something for the school.Some p eople find a big classroom for them.A woman in Africa gives the students ballet shoes.Now people around the world know Anthony's story.He gets a scholarship（奖学金） to learn ballet in America next year.He wants to be a great ballet dancer.And his dream is not far away（遥远）.(1) Where is the ballet school？(2) How many students are there in the ballet school(3) How old is Anthony(4) Do many people help Anthony after watching his video(5) What is Anthony's dream？Some boys go out to play and they find a big tree. "What a（1） tree!It will be exciting to climb（攀爬） to the top（顶点）!" a boy says.Then they stand around the tree and （2） to play a game.Who can climb to the top of the tree （3）？They all want to know.And their mothers are watching （4） playing not far away.The game begins.All of the boys try to climb（5） .Daniel climbs slower（更慢的） than the others in the beginning，（6） finally he gets to the top of the tree first.Daniel's mother asks Daniel， "You are No.1!（7） do you make it？""It is easy，" Daniel answers. "The other children keep looking（8） when they are climbing.When they know how high they are，they are afraid（害怕） of falling down（跌落） from the （9） .I only look up（向上）.I keep going until（直到） I get to the top."In our life，if we keep（10） without（没有） looking down，we will make it to the top one day.17. A. short B. tall C. long18. A. want B. help C. have19. A. third B. first C. last20. A. him B. us C. them21. A. quickly B. happily C. healthily22. A. so B. or C. but23. A. When B. How C. Where24. A. at B. up C. down25. A. house B. tree C. game26. A. going B. seeing C. falling27. Anna is （1） 18-year-old girl from the US，but her Chinese is very good.Many people say she's like a （2）（China） girl.Anna likes C hinese because of her father at first.Anna's father Mr.Rogers thinks China is great and Chinese can be very （3）（use）.So he asked Anna and her sister （4）（learn） Chinese when they were little girls.She always works hard and now her Chinese is better.People always say to An na， "Chinese must be （5）（real） easy for you." Anna says， "No，it's difficult （6） interesting.I'm happy when I learn Chinese and Chinese history."Now Anna （7）（teach） Chinese，too.She does this （8） Wednesday afternoon every week.She says she just wants other Amer ican （9）（child） to like Chinese，too.Now Anna wants to do more things.She says she wants to have a show on CCTV's Spring Festi val Gala.So people can see （10）（she） on Chinese New Year on TV.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)28. My name is Kelvin Ken.Do you like doing sports？If you do，come to my store. （1）This week we have a big sale. You can find all sports things here. （2）You can buy them at very good prices. Do you like playing ping-pong balls？We have ping-pong balls for only ＄1.We have ping-pong bats，too. （3）这些球拍要多少钱呢？ They are only ＄8.If you take ten balls and a pair of bats，you can get a sports bag for free.Look here! （4）We have many sports shoes in brown. They are about ＄35，but these shoes are only for boys.For girls，we have sports skirts.A skirt is only ＄16. （5）你需要一双运动袜吗？ One pair is about ＄2.What is your favorite thing？Come and buy it now. （1）（2）（3）（4）（5）(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)29. 假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Jenny对你的初中生活非常感兴趣，于是发来邮件询问你以下问题。

2022-2023-2长沙市一中高一下入学考英 语时量：120分钟总分值：150分第一局部 听力（共两节，总分值30分）第一节（共5小题；每题1.5分，总分值7.5分）听下面5段对•话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最 佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来I 可答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对 话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?A.£I9.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15. 答案是C 。

1. How many people will go to the club on Saturday? A. 4.B.7.C. 8.听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A 、B 、C 三个选 项中选出最正确选项。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. What is Linda looking for?A. A purse.B. A notebook. 7. Where is John?A. In an office.B. In his home. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8. How much does the sweater cost?A. $ 40.B. S 60.9. What does the woman decide to do?A. Take the sweater.B. Give up the sweater. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10. When will the man's parents arrive in the airport?A. At 10:00.B. At 10:30.11. What does the woman offer to do fbr the man?A. Give him a lift.B. Do the cleaning.2. What is the relationship between the speakers?A. Colleagues.B. Good friends. 3. What does the woman want to do?A. Refuel her car.B. Watch a movie.4. What did the man buy fbr the woman's birthday?A. A fruit cake.B. Some apple pies.5. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. Ata library.B. At a bookstore.第二节（共15小题；每题1.5分，总分值22.5分）C. Husband and wife.C. Go shopping. C. A bunch of flowers. C. At a grocery store. C. A coat. C. In a restaurant.C. $ 100.C. Buy some clothes in season.C. A （ 11:15. C. Pick up his parents.2022-2023-2长沙市一中高一下入学考（参考答案）第一局部听力1—5 6—1016—2011—15第二局部阅读第一节短文理解21—23 CDA 24—27 DCBA32—35 CBBA28—31 DCAD第二节七选五36-^10 DGFBE第三局部语言运用第一节完形填空46—50 CACAB41—45 CADDB51—55 AADCB第二节语法填空56. comments 57. The58. was taken 59. Though60. inspire 61. unchanged62. it 63. standing65. sincerely64. because第四局部写作第一节Dear Sir or Madam,1.monitor of Class One, Senior Three from Guangming High School, am organizing a group ofstudents to pay a visit to the historical exhibition in your museum. Therefore, I'm writing to enquire some relevant information.First of all, I'm tempted to know the size of the exhibition, the theme as well as the objects on display. Plus, I wonder when the exhibition to be held begins and how long it lasts?At length. I'd like to inquire if there is any discount available on entrance tickets for students.Looking forward to your prompt reply.Yours,Li Hua 第二节I took the package with disappointment. It was so light that I guessed there must be somethingvalueless. I had been looking forward to the present for so long【高4）句型. Carrying the package,I tried to contain my facial expression but obviously, Mrs. Long noticed my emotion. With a smile,she gently patted my shoulder and encouraged me to open the package. Slowly I unwrapped the dclicatcly-packcd present, wondering what on earth it would be. She told me to open the package soon after arriving home. Thanking her with a knowing smile, I headed home. The moment I was hack home, curiosity drove me to unwrapped the delicately-packed present.（作者收至II包裹后的反响）Opening the package, I was totally astonished. Lying there were several photos of me! 1 pickedup one of them which showed a hard-working figure sweeping the fallen leaves with sweat wetting the whole T-shirt. I was so thrilled that it was Mrs. Long who carefully recorded such precious moments for me. Never before had I realized how attentive I was and the wonderful scene was elaborately recorded.［高分句型二】Deeply touched, I expressed how meaningful I considered the present was. Now the photo is still in my album, reminding me of the wonderful days I spent on Mrs. Long's Garden.（作者翻开包裹之后，礼物的内容和作者的反响）12. What docs the man's mother like doing?A. Staying alone.B. Reading books. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

湖南省长沙市2022-2023学年七年级下学期英语期末卷（含答案，无听力部分）2022-2023学年度初一下期末考试卷第二部分阅读（共三节，计50分）第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。

AShenzhou-16mission(航天员乘组) flies! Launch (发射) time: May 30,2023 Launch center: Jiuquan Satellite (卫星) Launch Center in Gansu Province Stay in space: five months ● Jing Haipeng, 57 Jing joined in the Shenzhou-7, Shenzhou-9, Shenzhou-11 missions. ● Zhu Yangzhu, 37 The Shenzhou-16 mission is Jing’s first time to fly to space. ● Gui Haichao, 37 The Shenzhou-16 mission is Jing’s first time to fly to space.( ) 21. Shenzhou-16 missio flew in Jiuquan in .A. June, 2030B. May, 2030C. May, 2023( ) 22. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the textA. This is Zhu Yangzhu’s first time to go to outer space.B. Jing Haipeng is the olderst of the three astronauts in this fly.C. Three astronauts (宇航员) will go back to Earth in half a year.BSummer vacation (假期) is coming. Do you want to do somethinginteresting during the vacation Here are some choices (选择) for you. Happy VacationDrum Players Wanted Do you love music Can you play the drums Come and join our Apple Music Band (乐队)! If you can only dance or sing, you can also join us. Please call Sally at 852-3522 if you are interested.Sunshine Basketball Club Can’t you find friends to play basketball Or do you want to play basketball well to make your friends surprised Then why don’t you come to our club We have Tom Green in the club. He can help you with that. Time: Monday—Friday 9:00 a.m. — 11:30 a.m. 3:30 p.m. —5:30 p.m. WeChat: sunshinebasketball33English Learners Wanted Are you good at speaking and reading in English We need some good English learners to help children with English. You need to talk with them in English and give them your ideas about English. You can also get some money. Time: Monday—Sunday 10:00 am—3:00 am. E-mail: learner@( ) 23. When can students go to play basketballA. At 10:00 a.m. on Sunday.B. At 3:00 p.m. on Friday.C. At 4:00 p.m. on Thursday.( ) 24. If Peter wants to know more about the music band, what can he doA. Write an E-mail.B. Call Sally.C. Use WeChat.( ) 25. Where can we find the readingA. In a newspaper.B. In a storybook.C. In a science story.CEveryone hopes to have a healthy lifestyle (生活方式) . But do you know what a healthy lifestyle is like Here are some ways to have a healthy life. Get activeThis is the most important way of a healthy lifestyle. Walking, running, playing basketball and other sports will help you keep healthy.Keep cleanKeep the places around you clean. Unclean and untidy places can not only (不但) make you angry but also (而且) make you ill.Eat healthilyOur health depends on (依赖于) our food, so everyone should remember to eat healthy food. The healthier food you eat, the healthier you will be.Live greenThis is the easiest way to live a healthy lifestyle. Plant trees around your house. Try your best to use less (更少的) water. Stop using things if they are bad for environment.( ) 26. How many ways does the passsage tell people to have a healthy lifestyleA. Three.B. Four.C. Five.( ) 27. How will unclean places make people feelA. Sad.B. Angry and ill.C. Happy and healthy.( ) 28. What does the underlined word “environment” mean in ChineseA. 空气B. 环境C. 垃圾( ) 29. From the passage, which of the following is the way to live greenA. Getting lots of exercise.B. Keeping clean and tidyC. Planting trees.( ) 30. Which of the following is true according to the passageA. Get active is the only way to keep healthy.B. You don’t need to keep your home clean.C. You should try your best to use less water.DIf you do not use your arms(手臂)or your legs for some time, they will become weak. And when you start using them again, they slowly become stronger. Everybody knows that. But many people may not know that memory (记忆) works in the same way.A friend who has a good memory would practice his memory by using it. However, the person with a bad memory may not give their memory enough exercise.If a friend says that his arms and legs are weak, we know that it is hisown fault (过错). But when he tells us he has a bad memory, many of us think that his parents may be blamed, and few of us know it is just his own fault. For example, in our daily life, we may meet some people who can't read or write. But to our surprise, they have better memories! Because they can't read or write, then they have to remember most of the things he needs, such as days, names, songs, stories and so on. As a result (结果), their memory is always in an exciting state (状态) and it gets well trained (训练), too.So if you want to have a good memory, you heed to practice remembering things.( ) 31. If we do not use our arms and legs for some time, .A. they will become thinB. we can’t use them againC. they may not become stronger( ) 32. According to the passage, people can't have good memories if .A. they can't read or writeB. they don't use their memories oftenC. they don't use their arms or legs for a long time( ) 33. The underlined word in Paragraph 3 means in Chinese.A. 受到激励B. 受到启发C. 受到指责( ) 34. Which of the following is TRUEA. Our memory works in the same way as our arms or legs.B. A good memory needs little exercise to become better.C. We don't have to learn how to read and write if we want to have better memories.( ) 35. What is the best title for the passageA. Memorize(记住)Things in a Right WayB. Practice Makes a Good MemoryC. Never Stop Using Arms or Legs第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

湖南省长沙市北雅中学2022-2023学年七年级下学期入学考试英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解1．Nick’s music class is on _______ and _______.A．Monday; Wednesday B．Tuesday; Thursday C．Tuesday; Friday 2．Nick has _______ math classes and _______ English classes a week.School TripDear students,Our school trip is coming. Here is some information about3．When is the school trip?A．On October 30th.B．On November 16th.C．On November 19th. 4．Students can have _______ for lunch.A．vegetable salad B．fruit salad C．tomato and egg rice 5．Which of the following is NOT true?A．They have the school trip to Yue Lu Mountain.B．Students should pay 30 yuan for the trip.C．You can call Mr. Frank at 3564-5523.We all have friends. Friends are just people you like to be with. It’s lucky to have friends to talk and do things with. They don’t need to be the same as you, but they know you well. And they even know what you think.Friends are very important in your life. They can make your life interesting, give you advice (建议) and help you in difficult times. If you don’t have any friends, your life will be very boring.In difficult times and places, you need different kinds of friends. When you want to play sports, you may need a friend to play with you. When you’re not happy, you may need a friend to comfort you. People who have friends live longer than (比……活得久) those people who don’t. Why? That’s because they are really happy. Being happy helps them to have a healthy life.A good way to make new friends is to go outside to do some activities with others. And you can join some clubs. There you can learn new things, meet new people and then makenew friends. But don’t forget your old friends! They are also there to share your happiness.根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。

2022-2023学年长沙市湘一外国语初一英语下学期第三次月考卷总分：120分时量：100分钟第一部分听力技能（共两节，满分20分）第一节（共5小题：每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项、听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话读两遍。

1.How's the weather now?A.It's snowy.B.It's rainy.C.It's sunny.2.Where is the girl now?A.In the school.B.In the hotel.C.In the hospital.3.What docs Lucy's sister look like?A.She has long curly hair.B.She has long straight hair.C.She has short straight hair.4.What is Lily doing now?A.She's talking on the phone.B.She's doing the homework.C.She's doing the shopping.5.What does Peter wear today?A.A coat.B.A sweater.C.A T-shirt.第二节听下面6段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有2-3个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。

（共15小题，计15分）听第六段对话，回答第6、7小题。

6.Where do they want to go?A.To the park.B.To the museum.C.To the library.7.What does the girl want to take?A.Coffee.B.Juice.C.Ice-cream.听第七段对话，回答第8、9小题。

2022-2023学年度初一下期末考试卷第二部分阅读（共三节，计50分）第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A()21.How far is it from Changsha to Zhangjiajie?A.321kmB.3.5hrsC.321m ()22.How long does it take to fly to Zhangjiajie from Changsha?A.7.5-8.5hoursB.3-3.5hoursC.1hourBDo you know how to start a club at school?Here are some helpful ideas for you:Photo ClubMany students don’t know how to take photos.A photo club can help.Youcan give camera setting(设置)lessons to students.What you need:A classroom;some cameras;some apps.LEGO ClubWho doesn’t love building with LEGO?In this club,you can have a LEGO-building match(比赛)every week,like making the best cars or the most beautiful restaurant with LEGO.What you need:A classroom;LEGO.Gardening ClubA gardening club can be a lot of fun for students.They can learn how to growtheir own vegetables and flowers.They can also learn to work with other students.It’s useful.What you need:Small farms;plants and seeds(种子);gardening tools(工具).()23.What don’t you need to start a photo club?A.Some apps.B.Small farms.C.Some cameras. ()24.What can you do in a LEGO club?A.We can buy the best cars.B.We can go to the most beautiful restaurant.C.We can make many things with LEGO.()25.Which of the following is TRUE?A.All of the clubs need classrooms.B.No one loves building with LEGO.C.A gardening club can help students learn how to work with others.CA dog usually wags its tail(摆尾巴)to show that it’s friendly.The dog is saying,“I feel happy!”by wagging its tail.This dog is having fun.How do you know that?The dog’s tail is in the air.Its ears are up.It looks like it is smiling.This dog is frightened.How do you know that?It is hiding(躲藏).It is saying,“I feel afraid.”Some dogs use other ways to show this kind of feeling.They may drop their tails between their legs.They may make their ears down.They may bark(叫).There dogs are also saying,“I feel afraid.”This dog is angry.How do you know that?It is making a deep sound.It is showing its teeth.And it may bite (咬)you,so never play with an angry dog.Young dogs like to play together.They may fight on the grass and bite each other.But don’t worry.They just play this way.Dogs can also learn how to keep themselves safe when they fight.Now you know how to watch and listen to the sounds dogs make.Now you can understand how dogs“talk”! ()26.What does a dog usually do when it feels happy?A.It wags its tail.B.It drops its tail between its legs.C.It makes a deep sound.()27.According to the passage,how many ways do dogs use to show they are afraid?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.()28.What does the underlined word“frightened”mean in Paragraph3?A.受惊的B.疲惫的C.兴奋的()29.Why does the writer tell us never to play with an angry dog?A.Because it may make a deep sound.B.Because it may show its teeth.C.Because it may bite us.()30.What is the best title of this passage?A.What do dogs like?B.What do dogs look like?C.How do dogs“talk”?DLet’s imagine(想象)you are in a doll(玩偶)store with your friend.The two of you want to buy a doll.If your friend looks like my daughter,Bella,it is easy for her to see a doll like her in the doll store.Bella is a beautiful girl with blonde hair and big eyes.She could be the model of some dolls.But let’s imagine that your friend doesn’t look like Bella.You friend is a little different.She may have no hair because of illness(疾病).Or she may lose her arms(胳膊)or legs(腿)in a house fire.Do you often see dolls that in a doll store?Not very often,right?I am Amy and I’m American.I make dolls by hand for special kids.My first doll was for Molly,a sweet girl. After that,I began to make dolls for lots of kids like Molly.I love my job.I like making dolls for those special but lovely kids.It is a good way to show kindness.If people see Molly for the first time,they may ask,“What’s wrong with the girl?”But if Molly has the doll with her, they may say,“How cute her doll is!It just looks like her!”Differences make these special kids feel terrible.It’s hard to tell them that they are different,but they are excellent.It’s not so difficult to give them a doll that looks like them.With a doll,they will know they are not the only one who looks this way.They are beautiful enough to be a doll.()31.What does Bella look like?A.She has curly hair.B.She has blonde hair.C.She has big ears.()32.What can we often see in a doll store?A.Dolls with blonde hair and big eyes.B.Dolls with no hair.C.Dolls with no arms.()33.What does“It”refer to in Paragraph4?A.Visiting a doll store.B.Buying kids dolls.C.Making dolls for special kids. ()34.Amy wants to help those special children.A.make more friendsB.have new hobbiesC.forget about their differences()35.What does the writer want to tell us in this passage?A.It’s OK to be different.B.It’s difficult to be kind.C.It’s beautiful to be a doll.第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

可编辑修改精选全文完整版湘一实验中学入学考试英语试题I．听力(共20小题，计20分)A)从下列各组单词中选出你所听剑的单词，并把其标号填在答题卡上。

每题读两遍。

1. A.bad B．pan C．bag D．fat2.A．cold B．old C．goat D．road3. A．Look B．book C．cook D．foot4. A．where B．there C．hair D．chair5. A. birthday B. Thursday C．Tuesday D．holidayB)从下列各组句子中选出你所听到的句子，并把其标号填在答题卡上。

每题读两遍。

6．A．I am a new student in your class．B．You are a new student in my class．C．We are ne w students in your class．D．You are new students in our class．7. A. My first name is Black, and my last name is Smith．B. My first name is John, and my last name is Smith．C. My last name is Smith，and my first name is Black．D. My last name is Smith，and my first name is John.8．A．His birthday is on the l3th of February．B．His birthday is on the l4th of February．C．Her birthday is on the 13th of February．D．Her birthday is on the l4th of February．9．A．I go to school by bike every morning．B．I go to school on foot every morning．C．We go co school by bus every morning．D．We go to school by car every morning．10．A．My brother is reading beside a tal1 tree there．B．My brother is reading under a tal1 tree there．C．My brother is reading beside a tall tree over there．D．My brother i s reading under a tall tree ever there．C)从下列各组4个选项中选出最佳答案回答你所听到的内容，并把其标号填在答题卡卜。

2023-2024-2长雅中学七下入学考试英语命题人：七年级英语组审题人：注意事项：1、答题前，请考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，并认真核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号、考室和座位号；2、必须在答题卡上答题，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效；3、答题时，请考生注意各大题题号后面的答题提示；4、请勿折叠答题卡，保持字体工整、笔迹清晰、卡面清洁;5、答题卡上不得使用涂改液、涂改胶和贴纸；6、本学科试卷中听力材料以中速朗读两遍。

试卷分四个部分，61小题，时量100分钟，满分100分。

I．听力（共两节，满分20分）略II．阅读（共三节，满分40分）第一节（共11小题；每小题2分，满分22分）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。

AMrs. Li’s Fast FoodFood Drinks Desserts(甜点)Chicken: $4.5 Hamburger: $3.5 Salad: $2.5 Fish: $4Green tea: $1.2Orange juice: $1.5Cola: $1.5Coffee: $2.2Milk: $1.5Ice-cream: $1.5Apples pie: $2Banana cake: $2Donut: $1Chocolate Pudding: $2.5Biscuit: $3Opening time: Weekdays: 10 a.m. – 9 p.m.Weekends: 9 a.m. – 10 p.m.Eat in or take away(带走).Telephone number: 6927-135721. Mrs. Li’s Fast Food has _______ kinds(种类) of desserts.A. sixB. fiveC. four22. How much will you pay if you want to order(订购) two hamburgers, two cups of milk and fourice-creams?A. $16.B. $18.C. $20.23. Which of the following is TRUE?A. You can call 6927-1367 to order everything.B. On Saturday, Mrs. Li’s Fast Food is open(开放) for 12 hours.C. You can eat in Mrs. Li’s Fast Food or take the food away.BAmerican children like to celebrate(庆祝) their birthdays. They usually celebrate them with a party. They ask their friends to their parties. The children don’t have parties on the right dates of their birthdays if they come on a school day. They may have parties on the weekend.Today many children like two kinds of parties. One is at home. Parents decorate the housewith balloons(气球) and colored paper. They make a special birthday dinner. The children play games. The other is away from home. Some are at a special restaurant. The children eat pizza and ice-cream. The waiters also sing and say happy birthday to the children. Some are at a park, or at a cinema, or in some other places.There is a cake with candles(蜡烛) at every birthday party. When the candles are lighted(点燃), everyone sings the special birthday song Happy Birthday.Many people don’t have birthday parties when they are not young. They say they would like to forget how old they are. But they do like to keep the happy birthday parties of their childhood in mind(记忆).24. If Tom’s birthday is on February 10th, Wednesday, he may have the party on _______.A. February 9thB. February 10thC. February 13th25. How many kinds of birthday parties do many children like in America?A. Only one.B. Two.C. Three.26. What does the underlined word “decorate” mean in Chinese?A. 装饰B. 覆盖C. 拆开27. Which is true according to the passage?A. Children only ask their friends to their parties.B. American children don’t have parties at a cinema.C. Many people don’t have birthday parties when they are not young.COil paper umbrellas(油纸伞) have a history ofover 1,000 years in China. Hangzhou is famous formaking oil paper umbrellas for over 230 years.Liu Weixue learns from his grandfather the art ofmaking oil paper umbrellas. “I want to bring the art tolife,” Liu says. “When it rains, some people use theumbrella — that’s what I want to see.” After learning the art, Liu wants to win(赢得) the hearts of young people. So Liu opens an online shop to sell umbrellas. It now has more than 80,000 fans. But this doesn’t make Liu speed up(加速). To keep the quality(质量), he makes only 1,000 umbrellas each year.Liu hopes more people can know the art. He goes to schools in Hangzhou to teach students. He also goes to other different places to show more people about the art. “Liu tells us the history of the umbrellas and the ways to make them. Everything is interesting to me.” Ding An’qi, a 14-year-old student in Hangzhou says.28. From Paragraph 1, we can learn that _______.A. oil paper umbrellas have a short historyB. Hangzhou has a history of 230 yearsC. making oil paper umbrellas is an old art in China29. Liu Weixue learns to make oil paper umbrellas to _______.A. bring this old art to lifeB. make more moneyC. follow his family’ s dream30. From the passage we know that Liu’s online shop _______.A. sells umbrellas at good pricesB. sells about 2,000 umbrellas each yearC. may interest many young people31. The passage is mainly about _______.A. the history of oil paper umbrellasB. the story of Liu Weixue making oil paper umbrellasC. the way of making oil paper umbrellas第二节(共4小题；每小题2分，满分8分)阅读下面短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

2022-2023年湖南省某校初一(下)开学考试数学试卷试卷考试总分：95 分 考试时间： 120 分钟学校：__________ 班级：__________ 姓名：__________ 考号：__________一、 选择题 （本题共计 10 小题 ，每题 5 分 ，共计50分 ）1. 在 中，负数有（ ）A.个B.个C.个D.个2. 下列结论正确的是（ ）A.单项式的系数是，次数是B.多项式是二次三项式C.单项式的次数是，没有系数D.单项式的系数是，次数是3. 一个正常人的心脏每天大约跳动次，将用科学记数法表示为( )A.B.C.D.4. 某校学生会为了解本校学生垃圾分类知识的普及情况，打算采用问卷的形式进行随机抽样调查，调查情况分为：不了解；了解很少；基本了解；非常了解四种情况．他们制定了几个调查步骤，但是记录员把步骤打乱了，你觉得正确的步骤是（ ）①被调查的学生填写垃圾分类知识的问卷；②把调查收集的数据绘制成扇形统计图；③整理调查的数据；④每个班随机抽取部分学生；⑤估计本校全体学生中对垃圾分类知识非常了解的人数．A.①④③②⑤B.④①③②⑤C.④①②⑤③D.④⑤①③②5. 已知，，的位置如图，化简的结果为( )A.B.−(−2),−|−7|,−|+1|,|−|,−231161234πxy 241442+x +3x 2y 2m 1−x z y 2−141008001008001.008×1051.008×1060.1008×10710.08×104a b c |a|+|b|−|a +b|−|b −c|−2a +b −c3b −cC.D.6. 如图，经过刨平的木板上的两个点，能弹出一条笔直的墨线，而且只能弹出一条这样的墨线，能解释这一实际应用的数学知识是（ ）A.两点确定一条直线B.垂线段最短C.在同一平面内，过一点有且只有一条直线与已知直线垂直D.两点之间，线段最短7. 下列四个角中，最有可能与角互余的角是（ ） A. B. C. D.8. 下面等式变形：①若，则；②若，则；③若，则；④若，则.其中一定正确的个数是 A.个B.个C.个D.个9. 当 时，代数式 的值为 ，则 的值为( )A.B.C.D.b +c2a +b +c70∘a =b =a x bx=ax b x a =b 4a =7b =a b 74=a b 744a =7b ()1234x =−1a +bx+1x 2−1(1+2a −2b)(1−a +b)−9159−15(2x+1=+++x+)443210. 若，的值为( )A.B.C.D.二、 填空题 （本题共计 1 小题 ，共计5分 ）11. （5分） 某中学九年级数学活动小组对新入学的名学生如何到校问题进行了一次调查并得到下列数据：步行骑自行车坐公共汽车其他人人人人同学们想把这组数据制成统计图，并能清楚地表示出各部分人数占总人数的百分比，那么他们应该选择________统计图．三、 解答题 （本题共计 8 小题 ，每题 5 分 ，共计40分 ）12. 用“”定义一种新运算：对于任意有理数和，规定＝．如：＝＝．（1）求的值；（2）若＝，求的值． 13. 已知，.求的值；若的结果与的取值无关，求的值．14. 如图，已知平面上三点，，，请按要求完成下列问题：（1）画射线，线段；（2）连接，并用圆规在线段的延长线上截取＝，连接（保留画图痕迹）；（3）利用刻度尺取线段的中点，连接．15. 已知，互为相反数，的绝对值为，是绝对值最小的数，求的值．16. 如图，射线在的内部，图中共有个角：、和，若其中有一个角的度数是另一个角度数的两倍，则称射线是的奇妙线．（1）一个角的角平分线________这个角的奇妙线．（填是或不是）（2）如图，若＝，射线绕点从位置开始，以每秒的速度逆时针旋转，当首次等于时停止旋转，设旋转的时间为．①当为何值时，射线是的奇妙线？②若射线同时绕点以每秒的速度逆时针旋转，并与同时停止旋转．请求出当射线是的奇妙线时的值．(2x+1=+++x+)4a 0x 4a 1x 3a 2x 2a 3a 4−+−+a 0a 1a 2a 3a 41−1−81813006010013010⊕a b a ⊕b a +2ab +a b 21⊕31×+2×1×3+13216(−1)⊕2a ⊕34a A =−3−2mx+3x+1x 2B =2+mx−1x 2(1)2A+3B (2)(1)x m A B C AC BC AB AB BD BC CD CD E BE a b m 3c a +b −3m+c 1OC ∠AOB 3∠AOB ∠AOC ∠BOC OC ∠AOB 2∠MPN 60∘PQ P PN 10∘∠QPN 180∘t(s)t PM ∠QPN PM P 6∘PQ PQ ∠MPN t17. 年上半年部分时间由于新冠疫情的影响，学生不能返校上课，某校在直播授课的同时还为学生提供了四种辅助学习方式：网上自测，网上阅读，网上答疑，网上讨论：为了解学生对四种学习方式的喜欢情况，该校随机抽取部分学生进行问卷调查，规定被调查学生从四种方式中选择自己最喜欢的一种，根据调查结果绘制成如图两幅不完整的统计图：根据统计图提供的信息，解答下列问题：本次共调查了________名学生；在扇形统计图中，的值是________，对应的扇形圆心角的度数是________.请补全条形统计图；若该校共有名学生，根据抽样调查的结果，请你估计该校最喜欢方式的学生人数．18. 武城社区惠民水果店第一次用元从水果批发市场购进甲、乙两种不同品种的苹果，其中甲种苹果的重量比乙种苹果重量的倍多千克，甲、乙两种苹果的进价和售价如下表：甲乙进价（元/千克）售价（元/千克）惠民水果店第一次购进的甲、乙两种苹果各多少千克？惠民水果店第二次以第一次的进价又购进甲、乙两种苹果，其中甲种苹果的重量不变，乙种苹果的重量是第一次的倍；甲种苹果按原价销售，乙种苹果打折销售．第二次甲、乙两种苹果都售完后获得的总利润为元，求第二次乙种苹果按原价打几折销售？ 19. 如图，在一条不完整的数轴上有两点，两点，所表示的数分别是，，且满足是最大的负整数，是绝对值最小的有理数，点在点右侧，到点的距离是个单位长度．点表示的数是________，点表示的数是________；点是数轴上一动点，表示的数是，则的最小值是________；点，为数轴上两个动点，点从点出发，速度为每秒个单位长度，点从点出发，速度为每秒个单位长度．若，两点同时出发，相向而行，运动时间为秒．求当为何值时，点与点之间的距离是个单位长度？如图，如果点以每秒个单位长度的速度从原点出发，向左运动，点和点分别以每秒个单位长度和每秒个单位长度的速度也向左运动，且三点同时出发，则几秒后点运动到点和点之间（不与点，重合），且点到点，的距离相等？2020A B C D (1)(2)m D (3)(4)2000D 615215581015(1)(2)37351A B a b a +4b −1C A A 2(1)B C (2)N x |x+5|+|x−1|(3)P Q P A 1Q B 2P Q t t P Q 3(4)2M 3O A B 14M A B A B M A B参考答案与试题解析2022-2023年湖南省某校初一(下)开学考试数学试卷试卷一、 选择题 （本题共计 10 小题 ，每题 5 分 ，共计50分 ）1.【答案】C【考点】正数和负数的识别【解析】先把各数进行化简，再根据在正数前面加负号“”，叫做负数可得答案.【解答】解：， ，，， ，，是负数，共有个.故选.2.【答案】D【考点】多项式的项与次数单项式的系数与次数【解析】根据多项式的次数和项数和单项式的次数和项数的定义即可求出答案．【解答】解： ， 单项式的系数是，次数是，故错误；， 多项式是三次三项式，故错误；，单项式的次数是，系数为，故错误；，单项式的系数是，次数是，故正确．故选.3.【答案】A【考点】科学记数法--表示较大的数【解析】科学记数法的表示形式为的形式，其中，为整数．确定的值时，要看把原数变成时，小数点移动了多少−∵−(−2)=2−|−7|=−7−|+1|=−1|−|=2323∴−|−7|−|+1|−1163C A πxy 24π43A B 2+x +3x 2y 2B C m 11C D −x z y 2−14D D a ×10n 1≤|a|<10n n a位，的绝对值与小数点移动的位数相同．当原数绝对值时，是正数；当原数的绝对值时，是负数．【解答】解：科学记数法的表示形式为的形式，其中，为整数．.故选．4.【答案】B【考点】全面调查与抽样调查【解析】本题主要考查抽样调查方法的步骤.【解答】解：抽样调查的步骤，第一步应该先抽取部分学生，所以排除；第二步填写问卷，排除；第三步整理数据，排除.故选.5.【答案】A【考点】绝对值数轴【解析】根据数轴上点的位置判断出绝对值里边式子的正负，利用绝对值的代数意义化简，去括号合并即可得到结果．【解答】解：由数轴上点的位置得：，则,则.故选.6.【答案】A【考点】直线的性质：两点确定一条直线【解析】根据公理“两点确定一条直线”来解答即可．n >1n <1n a ×10n 1≤|a|<10n 100800=1.008×105A A D C B a <0<b <c ,|a|<|b|<|c|a +b >0,b −c <0|a|+|b|−|a +b|−|b −c|=−a +b −(a +b)−(c −b)=−a +b −a −b −c +b =−2a +b −c A【解答】解：经过刨平的木板上的两个点，能弹出一条笔直的墨线，此操作的依据是两点确定一条直线．故选：．7.【答案】A【考点】余角和补角【解析】根据互余的两个角的和等于求出角的余角，然后结合各选项即可选择．【解答】解：角的余角，是锐角，结合各选项，只有选项是锐角接近于，所以，最有可能与角互余的是选项的角．故选．8.【答案】B【考点】等式的性质【解析】根据等式的性质，可得答案．【解答】解：①当时，不成立，故①错误；②等式的两边都乘以或除以同一个不为零的整式，结果仍是等式，故②正确；③当时，不成立，故③错误；④等式的两边都乘以或除以同一个不为零的整式，结果仍是等式，故④正确.故选．9.【答案】A【考点】列代数式求值【解析】此题暂无解析【解答】解：由题意得：当 时，，可得 ，A 90∘70∘70∘=−=90∘70∘20∘A 20∘70∘A A 2x =0b =0B x =−1a −b +1=−1a −b =−2将 代入 得原式 ．故选．10.【答案】A【考点】列代数式求值【解析】此题暂无解析【解答】解：，令，则.故选.二、 填空题 （本题共计 1 小题 ，共计5分 ）11.【答案】扇形【考点】统计图的选择【解析】根据扇形统计图表示的是部分在总体中所占的百分比，但一般不能直接从图中得到具体的数据；折线统计图表示的是事物的变化情况；条形统计图能清楚地表示出每个项目的具体数目作出选择．【解答】解：根据统计图的特点，得要求直观能清楚地表示出各部分人数占总人数的百分比，应选择扇形统计图．故答案为：扇形．三、 解答题 （本题共计 8 小题 ，每题 5 分 ，共计40分 ）12.【答案】根据题中新定义得：＝＝＝；根据题中新定义得：＝＝，已知等式整理得：＝，a −b =−2(1+2a −2b)(1−a +b)=(1−4)×(1+2)=−9A (2x+1=+++x+)4a 0x 4a 1x 3a 2x 2a 3a 4x =−1[2×(−1)+1]4=×(−1+×(−1+×(−1+×(−1)+a 0)4a 1)3a 2)2a 3a 4=−+−+=(−1=1a 0a 1a 2a 3a 4)4A (−1)⊕2(−3)×+4×(−1)×2+(−6)22−4−4−5−9a ⊕3a ×+2×a ×8+a7216a 16a 4解得：＝．【考点】有理数的混合运算解一元一次方程【解析】（1）原式利用题中的新定义计算即可求出值；（2）已知等式利用题中的新定义化简，计算即可求出的值．【解答】根据题中新定义得：＝＝＝；根据题中新定义得：＝＝，已知等式整理得：＝，解得：＝．13.【答案】解：，，.由结果与的取值无关，得到，解得：．【考点】整式的加减——化简求值整式的加减【解析】【解答】解：，，.由结果与的取值无关，得到，解得：．14.【答案】射线，线段即为所求作的图形；线段及延长线，点以及线段即为所求作的图形；点以及线段即为所求作的图形【考点】a a (−1)⊕2(−3)×+4×(−1)×2+(−6)22−4−4−5−9a ⊕3a ×+2×a ×8+a7216a 16a 4a (1)∵A =−3−2mx+3x+1x 2B =2+mx−1x 2∴2A+3B =−6−4mx+6x+2+6+3mx−3x 2x 2=(6−m)x−1(2)x 6−m=0m=6(1)∵A =−3−2mx+3x+1x 2B =2+mx−1x 2∴2A+3B =−6−4mx+6x+2+6+3mx−3x 2x 2=(6−m)x−1(2)x 6−m=0m=6AC BC AB D CD E BE作图—复杂作图直线、射线、线段【解析】（1）画射线，线段即可；（2）连接，并用圆规在线段的延长线上截取＝，连接即可；（3）利用刻度尺取线段的中点，连接即可．【解答】射线，线段即为所求作的图形；线段及延长线，点以及线段即为所求作的图形；点以及线段即为所求作的图形15.【答案】解：∵，互为相反数，的绝对值为，是绝对值最小的数，∴，，，原式．【考点】列代数式求值方法的优势【解析】依据相反数、绝对值的性质可求得，，，然后代入所求代数式进行计算即可．【解答】解：∵，互为相反数，的绝对值为，是绝对值最小的数，∴，，，原式．16.【答案】是①依题意有＝，解得＝；＝，解得＝；＝，解得＝．故当为或或时，射线是的“奇妙线”；②依题意有，解得；，解得；，解得．故当射线是的奇妙线时的值为或或．故答案为：是．【考点】AC BC AB AB BD BC CD CD E BE AC BC AB D CD E BE a b m 3c a +b =0m=±3c =0=0−3×(±3)+0=±9a +b =0m=±3c =0a b m 3c a +b =0m=±3c =0=0−3×(±3)+0=±9(a)10t 60+×6012t 9(b)10t 2×60t 12(c)10t 60+2×60t 18t 91218PM ∠QPN (a)10t =(6t+60)13t =52(b)10t =(6t+60)12t =307(c)10t =(6t+60)23t =203PQ ∠MPN t 52307203角平分线的定义角的计算【解析】（1）根据奇妙线定义即可求解；（2）①分种情况，根据奇妙线定义得到方程求解即可；②分种情况，根据奇妙线定义得到方程求解即可．【解答】一个角的平分线是这个角的“奇妙线”；①依题意有＝，解得＝；＝，解得＝；＝，解得＝．故当为或或时，射线是的“奇妙线”；②依题意有，解得；，解得；，解得．故当射线是的奇妙线时的值为或或．故答案为：是．17.【答案】,（名），补全条形统计图如图所示：（名），答：该校最喜欢的方式的学校约有名．【考点】条形统计图扇形统计图用样本估计总体33(a)10t 60+×6012t 9(b)10t 2×60t 12(c)10t 60+2×60t 18t 91218PM ∠QPN (a)10t =(6t+60)13t =52(b)10t =(6t+60)12t =307(c)10t =(6t+60)23t =203PQ ∠MPN t 52307203503072∘(3)50−20−15−10=5(4)2000×=4001050D 400【解析】此题暂无解析【解答】解：（名），故答案为：．，即；；故答案为：，．（名），补全条形统计图如图所示：（名），答：该校最喜欢的方式的学校约有名．18.【答案】解：设第一次购进乙种苹果千克，则购进甲种苹果为千克，根据题意得，，解得，则（千克），答：第一次购进乙种苹果千克，甲种苹果千克．设第二次乙苹果按原价打折销售，由题意，有，解得.答：第二次乙种商品是按原价打折销售.【考点】一元一次方程的应用——打折销售问题【解析】（1）设第一次购进乙种苹果千克，则甲为千克，根据两种苹果共花了元列方程求解即可；（2）设第二次乙苹果按原价打折销售，根据获利元列方程求解即可；【解答】解：设第一次购进乙种苹果千克，则购进甲种苹果为千克，根据题意得，，解得，则（千克），答：第一次购进乙种苹果千克，甲种苹果千克．设第二次乙苹果按原价打折销售，由题意，有，解得.答：第二次乙种商品是按原价打折销售.19.【答案】(1)20÷40%=5050(2)15÷50×100%=30%m=3010÷50×=360∘72∘3072∘(3)50−20−15−10=5(4)2000×=4001050D 400(1)x (2x+15)8x+5×(2x+15)=615x =302x+15=753075(2)y (10−5)×75+(15×−8)×30×3=735y 10y =88x (2x+15)615y 735(1)x (2x+15)8x+5×(2x+15)=615x =302x+15=753075(2)y (10−5)×75+(15×−8)×30×3=735y 10y =88,①没有相遇之前，，解得；②相遇之后错开，，解得，综上所述， 当或时，点和点之间的距离是.设秒后点到点，点距离相等，由题知， ， ，，当点与点重合时，，解得；所以当时，点在点左侧．由题意得，，①，解得（不符题意，舍去）；②，解得，综上所述，当秒时，点到点，点的距离相等．【考点】数轴两点间的距离一元一次方程的应用——其他问题【解析】直接构造方程，解出，再表示数即可；根据的几何意义作答即可；直接讨论没有相遇及相遇后，得出答案即可；讨论点的位置，再构造方程，解出即可.【解答】解：由题意得：，，所以，，由于点在点右侧，到点的距离是个单位长度，故点表示的数是，点表示的数是.故答案为：；.由于表示点到数轴上和的距离之和，当点在和之间时，点到和的距离之和最小，故的最小值为.故答案为：.①没有相遇之前，，解得；②相遇之后错开，，解得，综上所述， 当或时，点和点之间的距离是.设秒后点到点，点距离相等，由题知， ， ，，当点与点重合时，，解得；所以当时，点在点左侧．由题意得，，①，解得（不符题意，舍去）；②，1−36(3)t+2t =6−3t =1t+2t =6+3t =3t =13P Q 3(4)t M A B M :−3t A :−5−t B :1−4t B M −3t =1−4t t =1t >1B M AM =BM −3t−(−5−t)=1−4t−(−3t)t =4−3t−(1−4t)=−5−t−(−3t)t =4t =4M A B (1)(2)|x+5|+|x−1|(3)(4)M (1)a +4=−1b −1=0a =−5b =1C A A 2C −3B 11−3(2)|x+5|+|x−1|N −51N −51N −51|x+5|+|x−1|66(3)t+2t =6−3t =1t+2t =6+3t =3t =13P Q 3(4)t M A B M :−3t A :−5−t B :1−4t B M −3t =1−4t t =1t >1B M AM =BM −3t−(−5−t)=1−4t−(−3t)t =4−3t−(1−4t)=−5−t−(−3t)解得，综上所述，当秒时，点到点，点的距离相等．t =4t =4M A B。

2022—2023学年度第二学期七年级期中考试语文试题卷注意事项：1.答题前，请先将自己的姓名、班级、考场号、座位号填写清楚；2.必须在答卷上答题，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效；3.答题时，请考生注意各大题题号后面的答题提示；4.请注意卷面，保持字体工整、笔迹清晰、卷面清洁；5.答卷上不准使用涂改液、涂改胶和贴纸；6.本学科试卷分为三个部分，共10页，20小题，时量120分钟，满分120分。

一、基础与运用（共22分）阅读下面的文段，完成1~4题。

“迟日江山丽，春风花草香”，春暖花开正是赏花好时节。

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公园所在地因西汉长沙王吴芮家族墓群而闻名遐迩。

公园初建时得名王陵公园，后改名为望月公园。

春天的望月公园色彩斑澜，水天相映，春景如画，成为鲜为人知．．．．的市民休闲娱乐网红打卡地。

①湖畔栽种的樱花也迎着温暖的春风傲放枝头，三五成簇地悬垂空中、倒映湖中。

为了宣告樱花季的到来，长沙望月公园举办了“早樱新语——2023望月樱花艺旅”活动。

活动推出了大汉遗风、花情诗意、拈花望月三大系列共7项活动，持续到三月上旬。

②后续园区还将开展创作“DIY”、定制“浪漫樱花游”路线、“国风亲子游戏”。

樱花花期不长，三月中旬是盛花期。

各路赏花大军浩浩荡荡．．．．地来到望月公园，在云湖水边、望月桥上、“汉风望月”、“樱你绽放”等景点拍照打卡。

身着汉服的女孩子们以团扇、琵琶等为道具摆出各种造型，摄影师们则携“长枪短炮”的设备，咔嚓咔嚓拍个不停。

为了拍出一张精美的照片，即使到了晌午（xiǎng），他们依旧锲（qiè）而不舍地工作着。

虽然绝大部分市民都能遵守公园的相关规定，文明有序地赏花。

但也有个别市民为了追求“上镜”效果，做出一些不文明的举动，比如在大庭广众．．．．之下攀折树木、采摘花朵、践踏草坪等。

2023-2024学年湖南省长沙一中双语实验学校七年级（下）期末数学试卷一、选择题（共10小题，每小题3分，共30分）1．（3分）如图，AB∥CD，∠A＝70°，则∠1的度数是（）A．130°B．110°C．100°D．70°2．（3分）以下各数是无理数的是（）A．B．2024C．D．0.53．（3分）第三象限内的点P到x轴的距离是7，到y轴的距离是8，那么点P的坐标是（）A．（﹣8，﹣7）B．（﹣7，﹣8）C．（8，7）D．（7，8）4．（3分）下列说法正确的是（）A．过线段外一点不一定能作出它的垂线B．过直线m外一点A和直线m上一点B可画一条直线与m垂直C．只能过直线外一点画一条直线和这条直线垂直D．过任意一点均可作一条直线的垂线5．（3分）已知点A（a﹣2，2a+6）在第二象限，则a的取值范围是（）A．a＜﹣3或a＞2B．﹣3＜a＜2C．a＜2D．a＞﹣36．（3分）下列调查中，最适合采用普查方式的是（）A．调查一批圆珠笔芯的使用寿命B．调查长沙市湘江流域的水质情况C．调查长沙市一中双语实验学校初一某班学生的视力情况D．调查长沙市中学生的课外阅读时间7．（3分）如图，人字梯的支架AB，AC的长度都为2m（连接处的长度忽略不计），则B、C两点之间的距离可能是（）A．3m B．4.2m C．5m D．6m8．（3分）用“筝形”和“镖形”两种不同的瓷砖铺设成如图所示的地面，则“筝形”瓷砖中的内角∠BCD 的度数为（）A．120°B．135°C．144°D．150°9．（3分）已知不等式组的解集中共有3个整数解，则a的取值范围是（）A．4≤a＜5B．4＜a≤5C．4≤a≤5D．4＜a＜510．（3分）如图，M、N是△ABC边AB、AC上的点，△AMN沿MN翻折后得到△DMN，△BMD沿BD 翻折后得到△BED，且点E在BC边上，△CND沿CD翻折后得到△CFD，且点F在边BC上，若∠A ＝70°，则∠1+∠2＝（）A．65°B．70°C．75°D．85°二、填空题（共6小题，每小题3分，共18分）11．（3分）如图，将面积为6的正方形OABC和面积为9的正方形ODEF分别绕原点O顺时针旋转，使OA，OD落在数轴上，点A，D在数轴上对应的数字分别为a、b，则b﹣a＝．12．（3分）已知方程：（n﹣3）x|n|﹣2+y＝3为二元一次方程，则n的值为．13．（3分）若不等式组无解，则a的取值范围是．14．（3分）如图，在△ADC中，DP，CP分别平分∠ADC和∠ACD，若∠A＝50°，则∠P＝．15．（3分）如图所示，AB＝AC，AD＝AE，∠BAC＝∠DAE，∠1＝25°，∠2＝30°，则∠3＝．16．（3分）将长为6，宽为a（a大于3且小于6）的长方形纸片按如图①所示的方式折叠并压平，剪下一个边长等于长方形宽的正方形，称为第一次操作；再把剩下的长方形按如图②所示的方式折叠并压平，剪下边长等于此时长方形宽的正方形，称为第二次操作；…如此反复操作下去，若在第n次操作后，剩下的长方形恰为正方形，则操作终止．当n＝3时，a的值为．三．解答题（共9小题，第17、18、19每题6分，第20、21每题8分，第22、23每题9分，第24、25每题10分）17．（6分）计算：．18．（6分）解方程组：（2）．（1）；19．（6分）解不等式组，并把解集在数轴上表示出来．20．（8分）如图，在平面直角坐标系中，已知△ABC的三个顶点坐标分别为A（﹣2，3），B（﹣3，1），C（0，﹣2）．（1）将△ABC向右平移4个单位后得到△A1B1C1，请画出△A1B1C1；（2）请直接写出△ABC的面积；（3）定义：在平面直角坐标系中，横坐标与纵坐标都是整数的点称为“整点”，请直接写出△A1B1C1内部所有的整点的坐标．21．（8分）“读万卷书不如行万里路”，某中学选取了四个研学基地：A．“酒泉卫星发射中心”；B．“上海博物馆”；C．“中国贵州天眼”；D．“太空科技南方研究院”．为了解学生的研学意向，随机抽取部分学生进行问卷调查（每名学生只能选择一个研学基地），根据调查数据绘制成了如图两幅不完整的统计图．（1）在本次调查中，一共抽取了名学生；（2）请补全条形统计图；（3）在扇形统计图中，B选项所在扇形的圆心角度数为；（4）若该校有1200名学生，请估计喜欢D的学生人数为人．22．（9分）如图，已知CB＝DE，∠C＝∠E，∠BAD＝∠CAE，AC与DE交于点F．求证：AD平分∠BDE．23．（9分）为了加强对校内外安全监控，创建荔湾平安校园，某学校计划增加15台监控摄像设备，现有甲、乙两种型号的设备，其中每台价格，有效监控半径如表所示，经调查，购买1台甲型设备比购买1台乙型设备多150元，购买2台甲型设备比购买3台乙型设备少400元．甲型乙型价格（元/台）a b有效半径（米/台）150100（1）求a、b的值．（2）若购买该批设备的资金不超过11000元，且两种型号的设备均要至少买一台，学校有哪几种购买方案？（3）在（2）问的条件下，若要求监控半径覆盖范围不低于1600米，为了节约资金，请你设计一种最省钱的购买方案．24．（10分）【材料阅读】二元一次方程x﹣y＝1有无数组解，如：，，，如果我们将方程的解看成一组有序数对，那么这些有序数对可以用平面直角坐标系中的点表示，探究发现：以方程x﹣y＝1的解为坐标的点落在同一条直线上，如图1所示，同时这条直线上的点的坐标全都是该方程的解．我们把这条直线称为该方程的图象．【问题探究】（1）请在图2中画出二元一次方程组中的两个二元一次方程的图象，并直接写出该方程组的解为；（2）已知关于x，y的二元一次方程组无解，请在图3中画出符合题意的两条直线，设方程①图象与x，y轴的交点分别是A、B，方程②图象与x，y轴的交点分别是C、D，计算∠ABO+∠DCO的度数．【拓展应用】（3）图4中包含关于x，y的二元一次方程组的两个二元一次方程的图象，请直接写出该方程组的解；25．（10分）如图①，平面直角坐标系中，已知点A（a，0），B（0，b），其中a，b满足+|2a ﹣3b﹣39|＝0．将点B向右平移24个单位长度得到点C．（1）求点A和点C的坐标；（2）如图①，点D为线段BC上一动点，点D从点C以2个单位长度/秒的速度向点B运动，同时点E为线段OA上一动点，从O点以3个单位长度/秒的速度向点A运动，设运动的时间为t秒（0＜t＜10），（以下同理表示）．若S四边形BOED≥S四边形ACDE，求t的取值范围；四边形BOED的面积记为S四边形BOED（3）如图②，在（2）的条件下，在D，E运动的过程中，DE交OC于点F，求证：在D，E运动的＞S△DCF总成立．过程中，S△OEF2023-2024学年湖南省长沙一中双语实验学校七年级（下）期末数学试卷参考答案与试题解析一、选择题（共10小题，每小题3分，共30分）1．【分析】由AB∥CD就可以得出∠2＝∠A，根据∠1+∠2＝180°可以求出∠1的度数．【解答】解：∵AB∥CD，∴∠2＝∠A．∵∠A＝70°，∴∠2＝70°．∵∠1+∠2＝180°，∴∠2＝110°．故选：B．【点评】本提主要考查了平行线的性质的运用，邻补角的性质的运用，解答时运用平行线的性质求解是关键．2．【分析】根据无理数的定义解答即可．【解答】解：是分数，属于有理数，故本选项不符合题意；B．2024是整数，属于有理数，故本选项不符合题意；C．是无理数，故本选项符合题意；D．0.5是有限小数，属于有理数，故本选项不符合题意．故选：C．【点评】本题考查的是无理数及算术平方根，熟知无限不循环小数叫做无理数是解题的关键．3．【分析】根据第四象限内点的横坐标是正数，纵坐标是负数以及点到x轴的距离等于纵坐标的长度，到y轴的距离等于横坐标的长度解答．【解答】解：∵第三象限的点P到x轴的距离是7，到y轴的距离是8，∴点P的横坐标是﹣8，纵坐标是﹣7，∴点P的坐标为（﹣8，﹣7）．故选：A．【点评】本题考查了点的坐标，熟记点到x轴的距离等于纵坐标的长度，到y轴的距离等于横坐标的长度是解题的关键．4．【分析】根据垂线的定义逐一判断即可．【解答】解：A、过线段外一点一定能作出它的垂线，原说法错误，不符合题意；B、过直线m外一点A和直线m上一点B不一定能画一条直线与m垂直，原说法错误，不符合题意；C、过任意一点都可以画一条直线和已知直线垂直，原说法错误，不符合题意；D、过任意一点均可作一条直线的垂线，原说法正确，符合题意；故选：D．【点评】本题主要考查了垂线的定义，熟知过任意一点均可作一条直线的垂线是解题的关键．5．【分析】根据题意列出不等式组，解之即可得出答案．【解答】解：由题意知，，解得﹣3＜a＜2，故选：B．【点评】本题考查的是解一元一次不等式组，正确求出每一个不等式解集是基础，熟知“同大取大；同小取小；大小小大中间找；大大小小找不到”的原则是解答此题的关键．6．【分析】对于具有破坏性的调查、无法进行普查、普查的意义或价值不大，应选择抽样调查，对于精确度要求高的调查，事关重大的调查往往选用普查．【解答】解：A、调查一批圆珠笔芯的使用寿命，最适合采用抽样调查方式，不符合题意；B、查长沙市湘江流域的水质情况，最适合采用抽样调查方式，不符合题意；C、调查长沙市一中双语实验学校初一某班学生的视力情况，最适合采用普查方式，符合题意；D、调查长沙市中学生的课外阅读时间，最适合采用抽样调查方式，不符合题意；故选：C．【点评】本题考查的是抽样调查和全面调查，选择普查还是抽样调查要根据所要考查的对象的特征灵活选用，一般来说，对于具有破坏性的调查、无法进行普查、普查的意义或价值不大，应选择抽样调查，对于精确度要求高的调查，事关重大的调查往往选用普查．7．【分析】根据三角形任意一边小于其它两边两边之和求出BC的取值范围，判断各选项即可得的答案．【解答】解：∵AC＝AC＝2m，∴2﹣2＜BC＜2+2，即0m＜BC＜4m．故选：A．【点评】本题主要考查了三角形的三边关系，掌握据三角形任意一边小于其它两边两边之和是解决问题的关键．8．【分析】由图形得到5块“筝形”瓷砖围成一个正十边形，∠BCD是这个正十边形的一个内角，即可得到答案．【解答】解：∵5块“筝形”瓷砖围成一个正十边形，∠BCD是这个正十边形的一个内角，∴∠BCD＝（10﹣2）×180°÷10＝144°．故选：C．【点评】本题考查多边形的有关知识，关键是掌握正多边形的性质．9．【分析】根据不等式组的解集中共有3个整数解，求出a的范围即可．【解答】解：∵不等式组的解集中共有3个整数解，∴不等式组的整数解为2、3、4，∴a的范围为4≤a＜5，故选：A．【点评】本题考查了一元一次不等式组的整数解，熟练掌握运算法则是解本题的关键．10．【分析】根据△AMN沿MN翻折后得到△DMN，∠A＝70°，可得∠MDN＝70°，∠AMN+∠ANM＝∠DMN+∠DNM＝110°，即得∠BMD+∠CND＝140°，而△BMD沿BD翻折后得到△BED，且点E 在BC边上，△CND沿CD翻折后得到△CFD，且点F在边BC上，可得∠BED+∠CFD＝∠BMD+∠CND＝140°，故∠EDF＝180°﹣（∠BED+∠CFD）＝40°，有∠BDM＝∠BDE＝∠1+40°，∠CDN ＝∠CDF＝∠2+40°，而∠MDN+∠BDM+∠BDE+∠2+∠CDN＝360°，可得70°+（∠1+40°）+（∠1+40°）+∠2+（∠2+40°）＝360°，从而∠1+∠2＝85°．【解答】解：∵△AMN沿MN翻折后得到△DMN，∴∠MDN＝∠A，∠AMN＝∠DMN，∠ANM＝∠DNM，∵∠A＝70°，∴∠MDN＝70°，∠AMN+∠ANM＝∠DMN+∠DNM＝110°，∴∠BMD+∠CND＝[180°﹣（∠AMN+∠DMN）]+[180°﹣（∠ANM+∠DNM）]＝360°﹣（∠AMN+∠ANM+∠DMN+∠DNM）＝140°，∵△BMD沿BD翻折后得到△BED，且点E在BC边上，△CND沿CD翻折后得到△CFD，且点F在边BC上，∴∠BED+∠CFD＝∠BMD+∠CND＝140°，∴∠EDF＝180°﹣（∠BED+∠CFD）＝40°，∴∠BDM＝∠BDE＝∠1+40°，∠CDN＝∠CDF＝∠2+40°，∵∠MDN+∠BDM+∠BDE+∠2+∠CDN＝360°，∴70°+（∠1+40°）+（∠1+40°）+∠2+（∠2+40°）＝360°，∴∠1+∠2＝85°，故选：D．【点评】本题考查三角形中的翻折问题，解题的关键是掌握翻折的性质和三角形内角和定理的应用．二、填空题（共6小题，每小题3分，共18分）11．【分析】利用正方形的面积求得OA＝，OD＝3，根据旋转的性质得出a＝OA＝，b＝OD＝3，从而求得b﹣a＝3﹣．【解答】解：∵正方形OABC和正方形ODEF的面积分别为7和9，∴OA＝，OD＝3，∴a＝OA＝，b＝OD＝3，∴b﹣a＝3﹣．故答案为：3﹣．【点评】本题考查了正方形的性质，旋转的性质，数形结合是解题的关键．12．【分析】根据二元一次方程的定义解答即可．【解答】解：因为方程（n﹣3）x|n|﹣2+y＝3为二元一次方程，所以，解得n＝﹣3．故答案为：﹣3．【点评】本题考查了二元一次方程的定义，二元一次方程必须符合以下三个条件：（1）方程中只含有2个未知数；（2）含未知数项的最高次数为一次；（3）方程是整式方程．13．【分析】根据不等式的解集大于大的，不等式的解集小于小的，不等式组无解，可得答案．【解答】解；不等式组无解，得a+1≥2a﹣1，解得a≤2，故答案为：a≤2．【点评】本题考查了不等式的解集，不等式的解集大于大的，小于小的小于，不等式组无解．14．【分析】由角平分线的定义可得，，再利用三角形的内角和定理可【解答】解：∵DP、CP分别平分∠ADC和∠ACD，∴，，∴∠DPC＝180°﹣∠PDC﹣∠PCD＝＝＝＝115°．故答案为：115°．【点评】本题主要考查三角形的内角和定理，角平分线的定义，关键是三角形内角和定理的应用．15．【分析】求出∠BAD＝∠EAC，证△BAD≌△CAE，推出∠2＝∠ABD＝30°，根据三角形的外角性质求出即可．【解答】解：∵∠BAC＝∠DAE，∴∠BAC﹣∠DAC＝∠DAE﹣∠DAC，∴∠1＝∠EAC，在△BAD和△CAE中，∴△BAD≌△CAE（SAS），∴∠2＝∠ABD＝30°，∵∠1＝25°，∴∠3＝∠1+∠ABD＝25°+30°＝55°，故答案为：55°．【点评】本题考查了全等三角形的性质和判定，三角形的外角性质的应用，解此题的关键是推出△BAD ≌△CAE．16．【分析】根据题意，第一次和第二次操作后，通过列不等式并求解，即可得到a的取值范围；第三次操作后，通过列一元一次方程并求解，即可得到答案．【解答】解：根据题意，第一次操作，当剩下的长方形宽为：6﹣a，长为：a时，得：6﹣a＜a，当剩下的长方形宽为：a，长为：6﹣a时，得：a＜6﹣a，∴a＜3，∵3＜a＜6，∴第一次操作，剩下的长方形宽为：6﹣a，长为：a；第二次操作，当剩下的长方形宽为：6﹣a，长为：a﹣（6﹣a）＝2a﹣6时，得：6﹣a＜2a﹣6，解得：a＞4，∴4＜a＜6，当剩下的长方形宽为：2a﹣6，长为：6﹣a时，得：6﹣a＞2a﹣6，解得：a＜4，∴3＜a＜4，∵在第n次操作后，剩下的长方形恰为正方形，且n＝3，∴第三次操作后，当剩下的正方形边长为：6﹣a时，得：6﹣a＝2a﹣6﹣（6﹣a），解得：，∵，∴符合题意；当剩下的正方形边长为：2a﹣6时，得：2a﹣6＝6﹣a﹣（2a﹣6），解得：，∵3＜＜4，∴符合题意；∴a的值为：或．故答案为：或．【点评】本题考查了一元一次方程不等式、一元一次方程的知识；解题的关键是熟练掌握一元一次方程不等式、一元一次方程的性质，从而完成求解．三．解答题（共9小题，第17、18、19每题6分，第20、21每题8分，第22、23每题9分，第24、25每题10分）17．【分析】利用有理数的乘方法则，立方根的定义及绝对值的性质计算即可．【解答】解：原式＝﹣1﹣8×+3+2﹣＝﹣1﹣1+3+2﹣＝3﹣．【点评】本题考查实数的运算，熟练掌握相关运算法则是解题的关键．18．【分析】其解答基本思路是消元，消元的方法有：加减消元法和代入消元法两种，（1）（2）用加减消元法求解即可；【解答】解：（1），①×3+②，得：13x＝26，∴x＝2，把x＝2代入①，得：6+y﹣6＝0，∴y＝0，∴；（2），化简，得：，①+②×5，得：7x＝﹣7，∴x＝﹣1，把x＝﹣1代入②，得：﹣1+y＝2，∴y＝3，∴．【点评】本题考查了二元一次方程组的解法，灵活选择合适的方法是解答本题的关键．19．【分析】分别求出各不等式的解集，再求出其公共解集即可得到不等式组的解集，然后在数轴上表示出不等式组的解集即可．【解答】解：，解不等式①，得：x≤1，解不等式②，得：x＜4，∴不等式组的解集为：x≤1，其解集表示在数轴上为：【点评】本题考查的是解一元一次不等式组，熟知“同大取大；同小取小；大小小大中间找；大大小小找不到”的原则是解答此题的关键．20．【分析】（1）直接利用平移的性质得出对应点位置进而得出答案；（2）直接利用将△ABC分割成两个三角形进而得出答案；（3）直接利用所画图形得出符合题意的点．【解答】解：（1）如图所示：△A1B1C1即为所求；＝×3×1+×3×2＝4.5；（2）S△ABC（3）△A1B1C1内部所有的整点的坐标为：（2，2），（2，1），（3，0）．【点评】此题主要考查了平移变换以及三角形面积求法，正确得出对应点位置是解题关键．21．【分析】（1）将A选项人数除以其所占百分比即可求出在本次调查中，一共抽取了多少名学生；（2）将本次抽取的总人数减去其他三个基地人数求出B选项人数，补全条形统计图即可；（3）先求出B选项所占比，再乘以360°即可求出B选项所在扇形的圆心角度数；（4）先求出D选项学生所占比，再乘以1200即可求出喜欢D的学生人数．【解答】解：（1）∵8÷20%＝40，∴在本次调查中，一共抽取了40名学生．故答案为：40；（2）B选项人数为：40﹣8﹣7﹣15＝10（人），补全条形统计图如下：（3）在扇形统计图中，B选项所在扇形的圆心角度数为×360°＝90°．故答案为：90°；（4）估计喜欢D的学生人数为1200×＝450（人），故答案为：450．【点评】本题考查条形统计图，扇形统计图，用样本估计总体，能从统计图中获取有效数据是解题的关键．22．【分析】先证明△BAC≌△DAE，根据全等三角形的性质及等腰三角形的性质得到∠B＝∠ADB＝∠ADE，则AD平分∠BDE．【解答】证明：∵∠BAD＝∠CAE，∴∠BAD+∠CAD＝∠CAE+∠CAD，即∠BAC＝∠DAE，在△BAC和△DAE中，，∴△BAC≌△DAE（AAS），∴∠B＝∠ADE，AB＝AD，∴∠B＝∠ADB＝∠ADE，∴AD平分∠BDE．【点评】此题重点考查全等三角形的判定与性质等知识，正确运用三角形内角和定理及证明△BAC≌△DAE是解题的关键．23．【分析】（1）根据购买1台甲型设备比购买1台乙型设备多150元，购买2台甲型设备比购买3台乙型设备少400元，可列出方程组，解之即可得到a、b的值；（2）可设购买甲型设备x台，则购买乙型设备（15﹣x）台，根据购买该批设备的资金不超过11000元列不等式，解之确定x的值，即可确定方案；（3）根据监控半径覆盖范围不低于1600米，列出不等式，根据x的值确定方案，然后对所需资金进行比较，并作出选择．【解答】解：（1）由题意得：，解得；（2）设购买甲型设备x台，则购买乙型设备（15﹣x）台，依题意得850x+700（15﹣x）≤11000，解得x≤3，∵两种型号的设备均要至少买一台，∴x＝1，2，3，∴有3种购买方案：①甲型设备1台，乙型设备14台；②甲型设备2台，乙型设备13台；③甲型设备3台，乙型设备12台；（3）依题意得：150x+100（15﹣x）≥1600，解得x≥2，∴x取值为2或3．当x＝2时，购买所需资金为：850×2+700×13＝10800（元），当x＝3时，购买所需资金为：850×3+700×12＝10950（元），∴最省钱的购买方案为：购甲型设备2台，乙型设备13台．【点评】本题考查了一元一次不等式及二元一次方程组的应用，解决本题的关键是读懂题意，找到符合题意的不等关系式及所求量的等量关系．要会用分类的思想来解决讨论方案的问题．24．【分析】（1）根据图象与方程组发关系求解；（2）根据平行线的性质求解；（3）先判定方程组对应的图象，再根据图象与方程组的关系求解．【解答】解：（1）如图2：由图象得两直线交于（1，2），所以方程组的解为：，故答案为：；（2）如图3：由图得：AB∥CD，∴∠BAO＝∠ACD，∵∠AOB＝90°，∴∠OAB+∠ABO＝∠DCO+∠ABO＝90°；（3）由图得：L1：2x+y＝4，当x＝0.5时，y＝3，当x＝3时，y＝﹣2，若mx﹣2m+y＝﹣3过（0.5，3），则0.5m﹣2m+3＝﹣3，解得：m＝4，则4×7﹣2×4+2＝22≠﹣3，∴mx﹣2m+y＝﹣3的图象不是L3，∴mx﹣2m+y＝﹣3的图象为L2，由图象得：L1，L2相交于点（3，﹣2），∴方程组的解为：，故答案为：．【点评】本题考查了一次函数与方程组的应用，掌握数形结合思想是解题的关键．25．【分析】（1）利用非负数的性质求出a＝30，b＝7，得出A，B的坐标，由平移的性质可得出答案；＝（2）由题意得出CD＝2t，则BD＝24﹣2t，OE＝3t，根据梯形的面积公式得出S四边形BOED＝，则可得出关于t的不等式，解不等式可，S四边形ACDE得出答案；﹣S△DCF＝3.5t，根据t＞0则可得出结论．（3）由题意可得出S△OEF【解答】解：（1）∵+|2a﹣3b﹣39|＝0．∴＝0，|2a﹣3b﹣39|＝0．∴a﹣b﹣23＝0，2a﹣3b﹣39＝0，解得，a＝30，b＝7．∴A（30，0），B（0，7），∵点B向右平移24个单位长度得到点C，∴C（24，7）；（2）由题意得，CD＝2t，则BD＝24﹣2t，OE＝3t，＝×（24﹣2t+3t）×7，S四边形ACDE＝×7×（2t+30﹣3t），∴S四边形BOED≥，∵S四边形BOED∴×（24﹣2t+3t）×7≥×7×（2t+30﹣3t），解得t≥，∵0＜t＜10，∴≤t＜10．﹣S△DCF＝S四边形BOED﹣S△OBC＝×（24﹣2t+3t）×7﹣×24×7，（3）证明：∵S△OEF﹣S△DCF＝3.5t，∴S△OEF∵0＜t＜10，∴3.5t＞0，﹣S△DCF＞0，∴S△OEF＞S△DCF．∴S△OEF【点评】本题是四边形综合题，考查了非负数的性质，平移的性质，坐标与图形的性质，梯形的面积，解一元一次不等式，解二元一次方程组，熟练掌握坐标与图形的性质是解题的关键。

青竹湖湘一2023-2024学年七年级下学期入学考试数学试卷满分120分时量：120分钟班级______姓名______学号______一、选择题（共10小题，每小题3分，共30分）1．实数2024的相反数是（）A．2024B．C．D．2．新型冠状病毒肺炎是一种急性感染性肺炎，其病原体是一种先前未在人类中发现的新型冠状病毒，即2019新型冠状病毒，截止到2021年1月13日，全球新冠肺炎确诊病例超8970万例．将8970万用科学记数法可表示为（）A．B．C．D．3．如图所示的四个图形中，∠1和∠2是同位角的是（）A．②③B．③④C．①②③D．①②④4．下列说法正确的是（）A．是三次三项式B．系数是4C．的常数项是D．0是单项式5．有理数a，b在数轴上的对应点的位置如图所示，则正确的结论是（）A．B．C．D．6．如图，下面哪个条件能判断的是（）A．B．C．D．7．下列是根据等式的性质进行变形，正确的是（）A．若，则B．若，则C．若，则D．若，则8．如图，现要从村庄A修建一条连接公路PQ的最短小路，过点A作于点H，沿AH修建公路，这样做的理由是（）A．两点之间，线段最短B．垂线段最短C．过一点可以作无数条直线D．两点确定一条直线9．如图，将长方形ABCD沿线段EF折叠到EB'C'F的位置，若，则∠DFC'的度数为（）A．20°B．30°C．40°D．50°10．如右上图，已知直线AB，CD被直线AC所截，，E是平面内任意一点（点E不在直线AB，CD，AC上），设，．下列各式：①，②，③，④，∠AEC的度数可能是（）A．①②③B．①②④C．①③④D．①②③④二、填空题（共6小题，每小题3分，共18分）11．若，则______，______．12．若，则多项式的值是______．13．若是关于x的一元一次方程，则______．14．若点A、B、C在一条直线上且，则线段AC的长为______．15．如图，，若，则______．第15题16．对于正数x，规定，例如：，，，，…利用以上规律计算：的值为______．三、解答题（本大题共8个小题，第17-19题每题6分，第20、21题每题8分，第22、23题每题9分，第24、25题每题10分，共72分．）17．计算：（1）．（2）．18．先化简，再求值：，其中，．19．解方程：（1）（2）20．如图，点B是线段AC上一点，且．（1）试求出线段AC的长；（2）如果点O是线段AC的中点，请求线段OB的长．21．甲三角形的周长为，乙三角形的第一条边长为，第二条边长为，第三条边长比第二条边长短．（1）求乙三角形的第三边长；（2）甲、乙两个三角形的周长哪个大？请说明理由．22．已知，如图，E在直线DF上，B在直线AC上，若．（1）求证：．（2）若，求∠GBA．23．列方程解应用题：某社区超市第一次用6000元购进甲、乙两种商品，其中乙商品的件数比甲商品件数的倍多15件，甲、乙两种商品的进价和售价如下表：（注：获利=售价－进价）甲乙进价（元/件）2230售价（元/件）2940（1）该超市将第一次购进的甲、乙两种商品分别为多少件？（2）该超市第二次以第一次的进价又购进甲、乙两种商品，其中甲种商品的件数不变，乙种商品的件数是第一次的3倍；甲商品按原价销售，乙商品打折销售、第二次两种商品都销售完以后获得的总利润比第一次获得的总利润多180元，求第二次乙种商品是按原价打几折销售？24．知识背景：已知a、b为有理数，规定：，，例如：，．（1）若，求的值；（2）求的最值；（3）若有理数a、b、c满足，且关于x的方程有无数解，，求的值．25．如图1，直线MN与直线AB、CD分别交于点E、F，∠MEB与∠NFD互补．（1）试判断直线AB与直线CD的位置关系，并说明理由；（2）如图2．∠BEF与∠EFD的角平分线交于点P，EP与CD交于点G，点H是MN上一点，且，求证：；（3）如图3，在（2）的条件下，连接PH，K是GH上一点，使，作PQ平分∠EPK，问∠HPQ的大小是否发生变化，若不变，请求出其值；若变化，说明理由．青竹湖湘一2023-2024学年七年级下学期入学考试数学参考答案1-5 BADDD 6-10 CDBAB11．1，212．13．14．4或815．40°16．17．解：（1）；（2）．18．解：当，时原式．19．解：（1），，（2），，，．20．解：（1）∵，，∴；（2）由（1）知：，∵点O是线段AC的中点，∴．∴．21．（1）第三边长；（2）甲三角形的周长较大，理由如下：乙三角形的周长甲三角形周长－乙三角形周长所以甲三角形的周长较大．22．（1）证明：∵，（对顶角相等）又∵，（已知）∴，（等量代换）∴，（同位角相等，两直线平行）∴，（两直线平行，同位角相等）∵，（已知）∴，（等量代换）∴；（内错角相等，两直线平行）（2）解：由（1）知，∴，（两直线平行，同旁内角互补）∵，∴，∵，∴．（两直线平行，同位角相等）23．解：（1）设第一次购进甲种商品x件，则购进乙种商品件，根据题意得：，解得：，则乙的数量，答：该超市将第一次购进的甲、乙两种商品分别为150件，90件；（2）由（1）得第一次全部销售完获利为（元）．设第二次乙种商品是按原价打y折销售，根据题意得：，解得：．答：第二次乙商品是按原价打8.5折销售．24．解：（1）∵，∴，，∴；（2）由题可得，∴，借助数轴分析可得，当时，有最小值，为5；（3）∵有无数解，∴，∴，∵，∴，即，∵，∴，即，∴，∴．25．解：（1）如图1，，∵∠1与∠2互补，∴．又∵，∴，∴；（2）如图2，由（1）知，，∴．又∵∠BEF与∠EFD的角平分线交于点P，∴，∴，即．∵，∴；（3）∠HPQ的大小不会发生变化，理由如下：∵∴∵∴∴∵PQ平分∠EPK∴∴∴∠HPQ的大小不会发生变化，其值为45°．。