英语高级视听说-听力原文-Unit-3-New-orleans-is-sinking

VLS B3 Uint 3II. Basic Listening Practice1.ScriptW: Chinese students are too shy to say anything in class.M: I think they don’t speak because their culture values modesty, and they don’t want to appear to be showing off. Goes back to Confucius.Q: Why d on’t Chinese students say anything in classroom according to the man?2.ScriptW: The government is doing something at last about sex discrimination in the workplace.Women deserve the same pay as men for the same work.M:Yeah. In the United States, women earn only 70 percent of what men do for the same job.It’s a situation that has to be changed.Q: What does the man say about women?3. ScriptW:I admire Michael Dell. He had a dream to be the world’s largest manufacturer of personal computers, and he has realized that dream.M: And he dropped out of university to become a success. I wonder if there is a lesson in that.Q: What do we learn about Dell from the conversation?4. ScriptM: Successful entrepreneurs are often self-made people who have a vision and know where they are going.W: But do they enjoy life like you and me, or is money their only concern?Q: What are the two speakers’ attitudes toward successful entrepreneurs?5. ScriptW: Do you agree that equal opportunity for all in an educational system is important? M: Yes, but we have to recognize that all of us are not of equal ability.Q: What does the man imply?Keys: 1.C 2.A 3. D 4.B 5.AIII. Listening InTask 1: Competition in AmericaScriptAlan: What are you reading, Eliza?Eliza: An article on American competition.Alan: Competition is everywhere and constant. Why so much fuss about it, Miss Knowledge? Eliza:Don’t make fun of me. According to the author, competition is especially important in American life. They’re taught to compete from early childhood. When children play games, they learn how to beat others.Alan: And many girls want to look more attractive than the girls sitting next to them in class. Do you think that way?Eliza:Don’t be silly. Let’s get back to the point. When children are growing up, they compete with one another in their studies.Alan: Isn’t that also true of students in other nations? As we all know, many Asian students kill for a high test score and grab every opportunity to sharpen their competitive edge over others.Eliza:American boys find great pleasure in competing with each other in sports, according to the author.Alan: I do like sports. When our football team beats the other team, I feel great. Makes me want to shout out loud. But isn’t that normal t hroughout the world?Eliza: American people also compete with each other at work and at climbing the social ladder.Alan: But there’s competition in other countries as well.Eliza: You’re right in a sense, but the author says the idea of competing is more deeply rooted in the minds of Americans. They’re even taught that if you lose and don’t feel hurt, there must be something wrong with you.Alan: I hear that some Asians put emphasis on cooperation. Which approach do you think makes more sense?Eliza: It’s hard to say. Anyway, there’s no accounting for different cultures.1.What is the dialog mainly about?2.What is the woman doing?3.What do children learn from playing games according to the woman?4.What does the man say about students’ studies?5.What does the woman say when asked which makes more sense, competition or cooperation? Keys: 1.C 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.DTask 2: Americans’ Work EthicScriptFor four hundred years or more, one thing has been a characteristic of Americans. It is called their “work ethic”. Its (S1) roots were in the teaching of the Christian Puritans who first settled in (S2) what is now the northeastern state of Massachusetts. They believed that it was their (S3)moral duty to work at every task to please God by their (S4) diligence, honesty, attention to details, skill, and attitude. To these Puritans, it was a (S5) sin to be lazy or to do less than your best in any task. They and later Americans tried to follow the Bible’s (S6) teachings, “If a man will not work, he shall not eat.”Therefore, Americans have for (S7) centuries believed that they were guilty of sin if they did not work as carefully and hard as they could when they did anything. God would punish those who were careless or lazy in their work. (S8) Even as children they were taught,“If it’s worth doing at all, it’s worth doing well.”But some people have gone beyond the usual sense of diligence. They are especially attracted to the notion of “climbing the ladder” so as to increase their status, financial position, and sense of self-worth. (S9) In English a new word has been created to describe people who work compulsivelly. The word “workaholic” describes an individual who is as addicted to work as an alcoholic is to alcohol.There are conflicting points of view about workaholics. Those concerned with problems of mental stress believe workaholics abuse themselves physically and mentally. (S10) Others hold that workaholics are valuable members of society because they are extremely productive. The American culture values achievement, efficiency, and production, and a workaholic upholds these values.Task 3: Cross-cultural tips on doing businessScriptCountries from around the globe, such as Germany, the U.S., the U.K., and Russia, conduct a lot of business in China-the biggest market in the world. Here are some tips to help you deal more successfully with people from those nations.Firstly, you must be punctual with the Germans. Being even five minutes late makes a poor impression. Being punctual is also very important with the Americans and the British. But while it's important to be on time for business meetings, nobody expects you to be punctual for a social event. Half past seven really means a quarter to eight, or even eight o'clock! With Russians, always be on time, but don't be surprised if your Russian contract is very late! It is not unusual for them to be one or even two hours late!In the business environments of those four countries, it is best to wear formal clothes of dark colors. In Russia, designer clothes are rather common. However, don't be surprised if you go to an office in the U.K. on a Friday and find everyone wearing jeans. Many companies in the U.K. have "dress down Fridays", when people wear casual attire.In conversation, the British and the Americans love humor and talking about sports. The weather is also a good topic of conversation with the British, but you should avoid political talk. With the Russians, say positive things about their country, and avoid making complaints. The Germans, however, prefer to get straight down to business!Remember that with the Germans, once a deal has been agreed upon, you can't change it! With the Americans money is more important than relationships, whereas with the Russians it's important to get to know your contacts well. Also, don't be surprised if a British meeting seems like chaos, with everyone participating and giving opinions!Remember these tips and you will be on your way to a successful international business career!Key1 What is true of the Americans and the British in terms of punctuality?D) They are punctual for business meetings, but less so for social events.2. In which country do people have “dress down Fridays"?A) The U.K.3. What can you infer about the Russians from their conversation?D) They are patriotic.4. How can you do business well with the Russians?A) You should know your contacts well.5. What is the speaker's attitude toward the four nationalities?C) He is neutral to all of them.IV. Speaking OutMODEL 1 Americans glorify individualism.Susan: John, I was looking for you. Where have you been hiding all morning?John: Well, I caught Professor Brown’s lecture on American individualism.Susan: Oh, how did you find it?John: Enlightening. Americans glorify individualism. They believe individual interests rank above everything else.Susan: Sounds interesting. It’s a sharp contrast to the oriental collectivism Professor Wang talked about last semester.John: But you should know that the individualism in the United States is not necessarily an equivalent for selfishness.Susan: Then what does it mean in the States?John: They believe all values, rights, and duties originate in individuals, so they emphasize individual initiative and independence.Susan: There could be something in that. Of course in oriental countries the interests of the group are more important than anything else.John: So, it’s all the more necessary for foreigners to understand American culture, or they can’t hope to understand the importance of pri vacy in the West.. Susan:Maybe that’s the reason nuclear families outnumber extended families in the United States.John: Right on! You’re catching on fast!Susan: Now let me ask you a question.John: Shoot. Go ahead.Susan: Why do Americans cherish individualism more than oriental people?John: I don’t know. Anyway, Professor Brown didn’t say.Susan: One reason might be that American children stop sleeping with their parents at an early age. They learn independence early, so it’s deeply rooted.John: Wow, that’s an intelligent guess!MODEL2What do you think are the reasons for that difference? ScriptSusan: Do you find that people in America often walk faster than people in China?Americans always seem to be in a hurry.John: It’s hard t o come to a definite conclusion. Some Americans walk in a leisurely way, and some Chinese hurry all the time. But on the whole, I think you’re right. Susan:What do you think are the reasons for that difference?John: Americans treasure time. For them, time is tangible. It’s a thing. “Time is money.” You can “spend time”, “waste time”, “save time”. You can even “kill time”!Susan:Does this strong sense of time affect their lifestyle?John:Sure. If you’re 20 minutes late for a business appointment, the other person or persons will be annoyed. They may not trust you anymore.Susan: But as far as I know, English-speaking people may be 15-30 minutes late for a dinner party.John: That’s true. For an informal occasion like that, punctuality is not so i mportant.Also, a boss may keep his employees waiting for a long time.Susan:But if his secretary is late, she’s in trouble. She will probably receive a reprimand.John: How true!Susan: The American workship of time probably led them to create fast foods.John: I agree. And globalization shrinks the differences between cultures. Now people everywhere are rushing, and anywhere you go, you find Kentucky Fried Chicken. Susan: But plenty of Chinese are still making appointments saying, “If I am late, w ait for me.”John: But with more intercultural communication, I think the gap will eventually be bridged, and Chinese will be hurrying everywhere.MODEL3That’s the secret of their success.ScriptChris: Hey Sue, how’s the math class going? Are you h ead of the class?Susan:Are you kidding? There’s a bunch of foreign students in the class---from China somewhere---and they are on top.Chris: Why do you think so many Chinese students excel in math? It’s been my observation that the Chinese students are usually the best.Susan:In class they don’t say much, but they definitely get the best marks.Chris: I think part of it is their work ethic. They never skip class, and they pay attention.Susan:One Chinese student in my class did homework each night until the early hours.He never took a break, watched TV, or went out for a beer.Chris:That’s the secret of their success: hard work and diligence.Susan:It’s so unfair. I could probably do better if I worked harder, but that’s no fun. I think learning should be more fun.Chris:Someone with a knowledge of chess would find a chess tournament fascinating. But if you don’t have the knowledge, then you won’t understand the significance of the moves, and you’ll be bored.Susan:So what you’re saying is knowledge requires hard work, and knowledge makes things interesting.I am not against knowledge; I just want to learn it in an interesting way. What’s more, “Allwork and no play makes Jack a dull boy.”V. Let’s TalkScriptThe International Slavery Museum has opened at Albert Dock, in Liverpool. Many people traveled from all over the world to celebrate the opening on 23rd of August.The museum is a place of reflection, contemplation and education.It tells the story of the cruel acts of the transatlantic slave trade, the stories of the lives of the millions of African people, who were forced from their homelands onto ships that sailed to unknown lands where they were made to work on farms and in mines in harsh conditions without dignity or payment.Liverpool is one of the many British seaports that became very rich from money made transporting goods such as cotton and sugar, produced by African slaves.One of the most important parts of the museum's exhibits are the stories of the lives of people who live all over the world today, whose family history can be traced to the Africans whose lives were changed forever by the transatlantic slave trade.It has taken four years of hard work and planning to organise the creation of the museum, and its opening year is a very significant date because in 2007 we commemorate the 200th anniversary of the Abolition of the Slave Trade Act.This was a law made in 1807; it banned all British people from taking part in the slave trade. Later in 1833 all people who had been forced into slavery to work for British companies were freed.Keyl. It tells the story of the cruel acts of the (l)transatlantic slave trade, the stories of the lives of the millions of African people, who were forced from their homelands onto ships that sailed to (2)unknown lands where they were made to work on farms and in mines in harsh conditions without (3)dignity or payment.2. Liverpool is one of the many British seaports that became very (l)rich from money made transporting goods such as (2)cotton and sugar, produced by African slaves.3. One of the most important parts of the museum's exhibits are the stories of the lives of people who live (l)all over the world today, whose (2)family history can be traced to the Africans whose lives were (3) changed forever by the transatlantic slave trade.4. Because 2007 marks the 200th anniversary of the Abolition of the Slave Trade Act.5. A law was made in 1807; it (l)banned all British people from (2)taking part in the slave trade. In 1833 all people who had been forced into (3)slavery to work for British companies were (4)freed.VI.Further Listening and SpeakingTask 1: PunctualityT o Americans, punctuality is a way of showing respect for other people’s time. Being more than 10 minutes late to an appointment usually calls for an apology, and maybe an explanation. People who are running late often call ahead to let others know of the delay.Of course, the less formal the situation, the less important it is to be exactly on tome. At informal get-togethers, for example, people often arrive as much as 30 minutes past the appointed time. But they usually don’t try that at work.American lifestyles show how much people respect the time of others. When people plan an event, they often set the time days or weeks in advance. Once the time is fixed, it takes almost an emergency to chance it. If people want to come to your house for a friendly visit, they will usually call first to make sure it is convenient. Only very close friends will just “drop in” unannoun ced. Also, people hesitate to call others late at night for fear they might be in bed. The time may vary, but most folks think twice about calling after 10:00 p.m.To outsiders, Americans seem tied to the clock. People in some Eastern cultures value relati onships more than schedules. In these societies, people don’t try to control time, but to experience it. Many Eastern cultures, for example, view time as a cycle. The rhythm of nature---from the passing of seasons to the monthly cycle of the moon---shapes their view of events. If they have wasted some time or let an opportunity pass by, they are not very worried, knowing that more time and opportunities will come in the next cycle. But Americans often want to jump at the first opportunity. They are unwilling to stand by idly and give up the opportunity.The early American hero Benjamin Franklin expressed that view of time like this: “Do you love life? Then do now waste time, for that is the stuff life is made of.”1.According to the passage, when people are late in America, what do they do?2.According to the passage, what do Americans do after the time for an appointment isfixed?3.How do people in some Eastern countries view relationships and schedules?4.According to the passage, why aren’t some Eastern people w orried if they let anopportunity pass by?5. What was Benjamin Franklin’s view of time?Keys: 1.C 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.DTask 2: Our Personal SpacesScriptOur personal space, that piece of the universe we occupy and call our own, is contained within an invisible boundary surrounding our body. As the owners of this area, we usually decide who may enter and who may not. When our space is invaded, we react in a variety of ways. We back up and retreat, stand our ground as our hands become moist from nervousness, or sometimes even react violently. Our response shows not only our unique personality, but also our cultural background.For example, cultures that stress individualism such as England, the United States, Germany, and Australia generally demand more space than collective cultures do, and tend to become aggressive when their space is invaded. This idea of space is quite different from the one found in the Mexican and Arab cultures. In Mexico, the physical distance between people when engaged in conversation is closer than what is usual north of the border. And for middle easterner, typical Arab conversations are at close range. Closeness cannot be avoided.As is the case with most of our behavior, our use of space is directly linked to the value system of our culture. In some Asian cultures, for example, employees do not stand near their bosses; the extended distance demonstrates respect. Extra interpersonal distance is also part of the cultural experience of the people of Scotland and Sweden, for whom it reflects privacy. And in Germany, private space is sacred.Keys: 1.T 2.F 3.T 4.F 5.FTask 3: We don’t know what to do with them.ScriptA Russian, a Cuban, an American businessman, and an American lawyer were passengers on a fast train speeding across the French countryside. As time wore on, the men gradually became friendly with one another, introducing themselves and shaking hands. Eventually, the Russian took out a large bottle of vodka and poured each of his traveling companions a drink. Just as the American businessman was sipping the vodka and praising its fine quality, the Russian hurled the half-full bottle out of the open window.“What did you do that for?” asked the startled American businessman.“Vodka is plentiful in my country,” said the Russian, “In fact, we have thousands and thousands of liters of it---far more than we need.”The American businessman shook his head and leaned back in his seat, obviously baffled by the Russian’s reasoning.A little later, the young Cuban passed around a box of fine Havana cigars. The men enjoyed this treat and made admiring remarks about the pleasures of smoking good Havana cigars. At that very moment the Cuban took a couple of puffs of his cigar and then tossed it out of the open window.“I thought the Cuban economy was not good this year,” the American businessman said. “Yet you threw that perfectly good cigar away. I find your actions quite puzzling.”“Cigars,” the Cuban replied, “are a dime a dozen in Cuba. We have more of them than we know what t o do with.”The American businessman sat in silence for a moment. Then he got up, grbbed the lawyer, and threw him out of the window.Key:1.The Russian hurled the half-full bottle of vodka out of the open window.2.He answered, "Vodka is plentiful in my country. In fact, we have thousands and thousandsof liters of it-far more than we need."3.The businessman said, "I thought the Cuban economy was not good this year. Yet you threwthat perfectly good cigar away. I find your actions quite puzzling."4.He replied, "Cigars are a dime a dozen in Cuba. We have more of them than we know whatto do with."5.The American businessman sat in silence for a moment. Then he got up, grabbed the lawyer,and threw him out of the window. He did that probably because he thought there were too many lawyers in the United States.希望对大家有所帮助，多谢您的浏览！Viewing and SpeakingKey1)disappearing 2) kicking 3) tea shop 4) image crisis 5) update 6)compete 7)fast 8)product designers 9) contacts 10)similar 11)want 12)challenge 13) consumer 14) traditional（注：可编辑下载，若有不当之处，请指正，谢谢!）授课：XXX。

Unit 1Pirates of the InternetIt’s no secret that online piracy has decimated the music industry as millions of people stopped buying CDs and started stealing their favorite songs by downloading them from the internet. Now the hign-tech thieves are coming after Hollywood. Illegal downloading of full-length feature films is a relatively new phenomenon, but it’s becoming easier and easier to do. The people running America’s movie studios know that if they don’t do something----and fast---they could be in the same boat as the record companies. Correspodent: “What’s really at stake for the movie industry with all this privacy?” Chernin: “Well, I think, you know, ultimately, our absolute features.” Peter Chernin runs 20th Century Fox, one of the biggest studios in Hollywood. He knows the pirates of the Internet are gaining on him. Correspont: “Do you know how many movies are being downloaded today, in one day, in the United States?” Chernin: “I think it’s probably in the hundreds of thousands, if not millions.” Correspondent: “And it’s only going to grow.” Chernin: “It’s only going to grow. √Somebody can put a perfect digital copy up on the internet. A perfect digital copy, all right. And with the click of mouse, send out a million copies all over the world, in an instant.”5And it’s all free. If that takes hold, kiss Hollywood goodbye. Chernin recently organized a “summit” between studio moguls and some highschool and college kids---the people most likely to be downloading. Chernin: “And we said, ‘Let’s come up with a challenge. Let’s give them five movies, and see if they can find them online.’ And we all sat around and picked five movies, four of which hadn’t been released yet. And then we came back half an hour later. They had found all five movies that we gav e them. ” Correspondent: “Even the ones that hadn’t even been released yet?” Chernin: “Even the ones that hadn’t even been released yet.” Correspondent: “Did these kids have any sense that they were stealing?” Chernin: “You know it’s… it’s a weird dichotom y. I think they know it’s stealing, and I don’t think they think it’s wrong. I think they have an attitude of, ‘It’s here.’” The Internet copy of last year’s hit Signs, starring Mel Gibson, was stolen even before director M. Night Shyamalan could organize the premiere. Correspondent: “The movie was about to be released. When did the first bootleg copy appear?”6Shyamalan: “Two weeks before it or three weeks before it. Before the Internet age, when somebody bootlegged a movie, the only outlet they had was to see it to those vendors on Times Square, where they had the boxes set up outside and they say, ‘Hey, we have Signs---it’s not even out yet.’ And you walk by and you know it’s illegal. But now, because it’s the digital age, you can see, like, a clean copy. It’s no longer the kind of the sleazy guy in Times Square with the box. It’s just, oh, it’s on thisbeautiful site, and I have to go, ‘Click.’” Correspondent: “How did those movies get on the Internet? How did that happen?” Chernin: “Through an absolute act of theft. Someone steals a print from the editor’s room; someone steals a print from the person; the composer who’s doing the music…absolute physical theft, steals a print, makes a digital copy, and uploads it.” Correspondent: “And there you go.” Digit al copies like this one of The Matrix Reloaded have also been bootlegged from DVDs sent to reviewers or ad agencies, or circulated among companies that do special effects, or subtitles. Chernin: “The other way that pre-released movies end up (stolen) is th at people go to … there are lots of screenings that happen in this industry… People go to those screenings with a camcorder, with a digital camcorder, sit in the back, turn the camcorder on…”Correspondent: “And record it.” This is one of those recorded-off-the-screen copies of Disney’s Pirates of the Caribbean. Not great quality, but not awful either. And while it used to take forever to download a movie, anyone with a high-speed Internet connection can now have a full-length film in an hour or two.Saaf: “Well, this is just one of many websites where basically people, hackers if you will, announce their piracy releases.” Randy Saaf runs a company called Media Defender that helps movie studios combatonline piracy.Correspondent: “Look at this, all these n ew movies that I haven’t even seen yet, all here.” Saaf: “ Yep.” Correspondent: “Secondhand Lions that just came out. Sometimes I feel like I’m the only person in this country who has never downloaded anything. But maybe there is a few others of us out there. So I’m goi ng to ask you to show us Kazaa, that’s the biggest downloading site, right?” Saaf: “Right. This is the Kazaa media desktop. Kazaa is the largest peer-to-peer network.” It’s called peer-to-peer because computer users are sharing files8with each other, with no middleman. All Kazaa do es is provide the software to make that sharing possible. When we went online with Randy Saaf, nearly four million other Kazaa users were there with us, sharing every kind of digital file. Saaf: “Audio, documents, images, software, and video. If you wanted a movie, you would click on the video section, and then you would type in a search phrase. And basically what this is doing now, it is asking the people on the peer-to-peer network, ‘Who has Finding Memo’?” Within seconds, 191 computers sent an answer: “We have it.” This is Finding Memo, crisp picture and sound, downloaded free from Kazaa a month before its release for video rental or sale. If you don’t want to watch it on a little computer screen, you don’t have t o. On the newest computers, you can just “burn” it onto a DVD and watch it on your big-screen TV. 5.And that’s a dagger pointed right at theheart of Hollywood.Chernin: “Where movies make the bulk of their money is on DVD and home videos. 50 percent of the revenues for any movie come out of home video…” Correspondent: “15 percent?” Chernin: “50 percent so that if piracy occurs and it wipes out your home video profits or ultimately your television profits, you are out of business. No movies will get made.” Even if movies did get made, Night Shyamalan says that wouldn’t be any good, because profits would be negligible, so budgets would shrink dramatically. Shyamalan: “And slowly it will degrade what’s possible in that art form.” Rosso: “Technology always wins. Always. You can’t shut it down.” Wayne Rosso is Hollywood’s enemy. They call him a pirate, but officially he’s the president of Grokster, another peer-to-peer network that works just like Kazaa. Correspondent: “Ok, I have downloaded your softwar e.” Rosso: “Right.” Correspondent: “Ok, did I pay to do that?” Rosso: “No, it’s free.” Correspondent: “So who pays you? How do you make money?” Rosso: “We’re like radio. We are advertising-supported.” Correspondent: “And how many people use Grokster?” Rosso: “Ten million.” Correspondent: “Ten million people have used it.” Rosso: “A month.” Correspondent: “Every month, ten million people?” Rosso: “Uh-huh, uh-huh. And growing.”10Correspondent: “Use it to download music, movies, software, video games, what else?” Rosso: “I will assume. See, we have no way ofknowing what people are downloading.” Correspondent: “That’s just a fig leaf. You are facilitating, allowing, helping people steal.” Rosso: “We have no idea what the content is, and whatever it is…” Correspondent:“Well, you may not know the specifics, but you know that’s what your site…” Rosso: “And we can’t stop it. We have no control over it.” Correspondent: “But you are there for that purpose, that is why you exist, of course it is.” Rosso: “No, no, no, no, no,no.” Correspondent: “Come on, this is the fig leaf part.” Rosso: “No, no, no, no, no.” Shyamalan:“He is totally conformable with putting on his site a stolen piece of material. Am I wrong in that? If my movie was bootlegged, he’d be totally comfortable putting it on his site?” Correspondent: “Because I have nothing to do with it.” Shyamalan:“Yeah, right.” Correspondent: “Because I just provided the software.” Shyamalan:“Yeah, right. So, immediately, how can you ever have a11conversation with him? Because he’s taken a stolen material and he is totally fine with passing it around in his house. All these, all these are illegal activities. So, I’m not, it’s just my house, I’m not doing anything wrong.” But it is Rosso who has the law on his side. A federal judge has ruled that Grokster and other file-swapping networks are not liable for what their downloaders are doing. Rosso: “So we are completely legal, and unfortunately this is something the entertainmentindustry refuses to accept. They seem to think the j udge’s decision was nothing but a typo.” The studios are appealing that court ruling. And they may follow the music industry and begin to sue individuals who download movies. And they are fighting the pirates in other ways, with ads about people whose jobs are at risk because of the piracy---people like the carpenters and painters who work on film sets. At the same time, Hollywood is trying to keep copies of movies from leaking in the first place. Chernin: “ You will very seldom go to an early screening of a movie right now where, probably you don’t notice until you pay attention, someone’s not in the front of that auditorium with infrared binoculars looking for somebody with a camcorder.”12And once a movie is released, or copies do begin to leak, the studios hire people like Randy Saaf to hack the hackers. Saaf: “What we’re just trying to do is make the actual pirated content difficult to find. And the way we do that is by, you know, serving up fake files.” It’s called “spoofing.” Saaf and his employees sp end their days on Kazaa and Grokster, offering up thousands of files that look like copies of new movies, but aren’t. Correspondent: “So if I had clicked on any number of those Finding Nemo offerings, I could have clicked on one of yours, or somebody like you. And what would I have found after my hour and a half of downloading?” Saaf: “it might just be a blank screen or something.You know, typically speaking, what we push out is just not the real content.” Correspondent: “What you are trying to do is make this so impossible, so infuriating that people will just throw up their hands and say it’s just easier for me to go rent this thing, buy the DVD or whatever, it’s just easier.” Saaf: “Right.” Correspondent: “That’s your goal.” Saaf：：“Right.”13Correspon dent: “Does that work? Is that a good idea?” Rosso: “No. It doesn’t work. I mean I don’t blame them but it doesn’t work because what happens is that the community cleanses itself of the spoofs.” He means that downloaders quickly spread the word online about how to tell the fake movie files from the real thing. Correspondent: “It’s like an arms race(军备竞赛）, isn’t it?” Chernin: “That’s exactly what it’s like. It’s like an arms race. There will be, you know, they’re gonna get a step ahead. We’re gonna try and get that step back.” Rosso: “But I’ll tell you one thing: I’ll bet on the hackers.” Correspondent: “That they will break whatever…” Rosso: “The studios come up with.” Correspondent: “The companies throw at them.”Hollywood knows that downloading off the Internet is the way millions of consumers want to get their entertainment---and that isn’t going away. Chernin: “The generally accepted estimate is that more that 60 million Americans have downloaded file-sharing software onto theircomputers.” Correspondent: “60 million.”14Chernin: “At 60 million Americans, that’s a mainstream product. That’s not a bunch of college kids or, you know, a bunch of computer geeks. That’s America.” So, instead of trying to stop it entirely, the studios are looking for ways to embrace it, but get paid too. Wayne Rosso says the best way is to negotiate some kinds of licensing deal with him. Rosso: “If the movie industry acts now and starts exploring alternatives and solutions with guys like me, hopefully they won’t have a problem.”Correspondent: “What if they try to buy you?” Rosso: “I’d sell it in al heartbeat.” Correspondent: “You would sell, Grokster would sell to a movie studio?” Rosso: “Sure, call me.” The idea of making deals with wha t Peter Chernin calls “a bunch of crooks” doesn’t appeal to Hollywood. Instead, Fox and other studios have just launched their own site, Movielink, where consumers can download a film for a modest fee, between three and five dollars. Chernin: “I think you would love the idea that you don’t have to go to the video store. You can do this. And that’s what we’re working15on. But in order for that to be effective, we have to stop privacy, because the most effective business model in the world can’t compete with free.” Not that Peter Chernin is interested, but he won’t have thechance to buy Grokster, at least not from Wayne Rosso. A few days ago, Rosso announced that he is leaving Grokster to take over as president of another file-swapping software company, this one based in Spain. Grokster will continue under new management.Unit 2A plan to build the world's first airport for launching commercial spacecraft in New Mexico is the latest development in the new space race, a race among private companies and billionaire entrepreneurs to carry paying passengers into space and to kick-start a new industry, astro tourism.The man who is leading the race may not be familiar to you, but to astronauts, pilots, and aeronautical engineers –basically to anyone who knows anything about aircraft design –Burt Rutan is a legend, an aeronautical engineer whose latest aircraft is the world's first private spaceship. As he told 60 Minutes correspondent Ed Bradley when he first met him a little over a year ago, if his idea flies, someday space travel may be cheap enough and safe enough for ordinary people to go where only astronauts have gone beforeThe White Knight is a rather unusual looking aircraft, built just for the purpose of carrying a rocket plane called SpaceShipOne, the first spacecraft built by private enterprise.White Knight and SpaceShipOne are the latest creations of Burt Rutan. They're part of his dream to develop a commercial travel business in space."There will be a new industry. And we are just now in a beginning. I will predict that in 12 or 15 years, there will be tens of thousands, maybe even hundreds of thousands of people that fly, and see that black sky," says Rutan.On June 21, 2004, White Knight took off from an airstrip in Mojave, Calif., carrying Rutan's spaceship. It took 63 minutes to reach the launch altitude of 47,000 feet. Once there, the White Knight crew prepared to release the spaceship.The fierce acceleration slammed Mike Melvill, the pilot, back in his seat. He put SpaceShipOne into a near vertical trajectory, until, as planned, the fuel ran out.Still climbing like a spent bullet, Melvill hoped to gain as much altitude as possible to reach space before the ship began falling back to earth.By the time the spaceship reached the end of its climb, it was 22 miles off course. But it had, just barely, reached an altitude of just over 62 miles —the internationally recognized boundary of space.It was the news Rutan had been waiting for. Falling back to Earth from analtitude of 62 miles, SpaceShipOne's tilting wing, a revolutionary innovation called the feather, caused the rocket plane to position itself for a relatively benign re-entry and turned the spaceship into a glider.SpaceShipOne glided to a flawless landing before a crowd of thousands."After that June flight, I felt like I was floating around and just once in a while touching the ground," remembers Rutan. "We had an operable space plane."Rutan's "operable space plane" was built by a company with only 130 employees at a cost of just $25 million. He believes his success has ended the government's monopoly on space travel, and opened it up to the ordinary citizen."I concluded that for affordable travel to happen, the little guy had to do it because he had the incentive for a business," says Rutan.Does Rutan view this as a business venture or a technological challenge?"It's a technological challenge first. And it's a dream I had when I was 12," he says.Rutan started building model airplanes when he was seven years old, in Dyenuba,Calif., where he grew up."I was fascinated by putting balsa wood together and see how it would fly," he remembers. "And when I started having the capability to do contests and actually win a trophy by making a better model, then I was hooked."He's been hooked ever since. He designed his first airplane in 1968 and flew it four years later. Since then his airplanes have become known for their stunning looks, innovative design and technological sophistication.Rutan began designing a spaceship nearly a decade ago, after setting up set up his own aeronautical research and design firm. By the year 2000, he had turned his designs into models and was testing them outside his office.When I got to the point that I knew that I could make a safe spaceship that would fly a manned space mission -- when I say, 'I,' not the government, our little team -- I told Paul Allen, 'I think we can do this.' And he immediately said, 'Go with it.'"Paul Allen co-founded Microsoft and is one of the richest men in the world. His decision to pump $25 million into Rutan's company, Scaled Composites, was the vote of confidence that his engineers needed to proceed."That was a heck of a challenge to put in front of some people like us, where we're told, 'Well, you can't do that. You wanna see? We can do this," says Pete Sebold.Work on White Knight and SpaceShipOne started four years ago in secret. Both aircraft were custom made from scratch by a team of 12 engineers using layers of tough carbon fabric glued together with epoxy. Designed to be light-weight, SpaceShipOne can withstand the stress of re-entry because of the radical way it comesback into the atmosphere, like a badminton shuttlecock or a birdie.He showed 60 Minutes how it works."Feathering the wing is kind of a dramatic thing, in that it changes the whole configuration of the airplane," he explains. "And this is done in space, okay? It's done after you fly into space.""We have done six reentries. Three of them from space and three of them from lower altitudes. And some of them have even come down upside down. And the airplane by itself straightens itself right up," Rutan explains.By September 2004, Rutan was ready for his next challenge: an attempt to win a $10 million prize to be the first to fly a privately funded spacecraft into space, and do it twice in two weeks."After we had flown the June flight, and we had reached the goal of our program, then the most important thing was to win that prize," says Rutan.That prize was the Ansari X Prize – an extraordinary competition created in 1996 to stimulate private investment in space.The first of the two flights was piloted, once again, by Mike Melvill.September's flight put Melville's skill and training to the test. As he was climbing out of the atmosphere, the spacecraft suddenly went into a series of rolls.How concerned was he?"Well, I thought I could work it out. I'm very confident when I'm flying a plane when I've got the controls in my hand. I always believed I can fix this no matter how bad it gets," says Melville.SpaceShipOne rolled 29 times before he regained control. The remainder of the flight was without incident, and Melvill made the 20-minute glide back to the Mojave airport. The landing on that September afternoon was flawless.Because Rutan wanted to attempt the second required flight just four days later, the engineers had little time to find out what had gone wrong. Working 12-hour shifts, they discovered they didn't need to fix the spacecraft, just the way in which the pilots flew it.For the second flight, it was test pilot Brian Binnie's turn to fly SpaceShipOne.The spaceship flew upward on a perfect trajectory, breaking through to space.Rutan's SpaceShipOne had flown to space twice in two weeks, captured the X Prize worth $10 million, and won bragging rights over the space establishment."You know I was wondering what they are feeling, 'They' being that other space agency," Rutan says laughing. "You know, quite frankly, I think the big guys, the Boeings, the Lockheeds, the nay-say people at Houston, I think they're looking ateach other now and saying 'We're screwed!' Because, I'll tell you something, I have a hell of a lot bigger goal than they do!""The astronauts say that the most exciting experience is floating around in a space suit," says Rutan, showing off his own plans. "But I don't agree. A space suit is an awful thing. It constrains you and it has noisy fans running. Now look over here. It's quiet. And you're out here watching the world go by in what you might call a 'spiritual dome.' Well, that, to me, is better than a space suit because you're not constrained."He also has a vision for a resort hotel in space, and says it all could be accomplished in the foreseeable future. Rutan believes it is the dawn of a new era.He explains, "I think we've proven now that the small guys can build a space ship and go to space. And not only that, we've convinced a rich guy, a very rich guy, to come to this country and build a space program to take everyday people to space."That "rich guy" is Richard Branson, the English billionaire who owns Virgin Atlantic Airlines. Branson has signed a $120 million deal with Rutan to build five spaceships for paying customers. Named "Virgin Galactic," it will be the world's first "spaceline." Flights are expected to begin in 2008."We believe by flying tens of thousands of people to space, and making that a profitable business, that that will lead into affordable orbital travel," says Rutan.Rutan thinks there "absolutely" is a market for this.With tickets initially going for $200,000, the market is limited. Nevertheless, Virgin Galactic says 38,000 people have put down a deposit for a seat, and 90 of those have paid the full $200,000.But Rutan has another vision. "The goal is affordable travel above low-Earth orbit. In other words, affordable travel for us to go to the moon. Affordable travel. That means not just NASA astronauts, but thousands of people being able to go to the moon," he says. "I'd like to go. Wouldn't you?"By Harry RadliffeUnited 3For 300 years, the sea has been closing in on New Orleans. As the coastal erosion continues, it is estimated the city will be off shore in 90 years. Even in good weather, New Orleans is sinking. As the city begins what is likely to be the biggest demolition project in U.S. history, the question is, can we or should we put New Orleans back together again?Life has been returning to high and dry land on Bourbon Street, but to findthe monumental challenge facing the city you have to visit neighborhoods you have never heard of. On Lizardi Street, 60 Minutes took a walk with the men in charge of finishing what Katrina started.Correspondent Scott Pelley reports.Before Katrina, "There would be noise and activity and families and people, and children, and, you know, I haven't seen a child in a month here," says Greg Meffert, a city official who, with his colleague Mike Centineo, is trying to figure out how much of the city will have to be demolished.Meffert, who is in charge of city planning, says it is "very possible" up to 50,000 houses will have to be bulldozed. Right now, most of the homes in the city are uninhabitable.Meffert faces a difficult task. Every time he goes to a house site here, he says, "It's one more knife in me that says, 'She did another one. She did another one,'" explains Meffert, "she" meaning Hurricane Katrina.When you walk through these neighborhoods and you see the houses, you get a sense of the pain of the individual families. But you don't get a sense of what has happened to the city of New Orleans itself.It is estimated that there were 200,000 homes in New Orleans, and 120,000 of them were damaged by the flood.The part of the city known as the lower Ninth Ward received some of the heaviest flooding. The houses are splintered block after block after block, almost as if the city had been carpet-bombed in war.Meffert says that before the storm, New Orleans had a population of 470,000-480,000 people. Realistically, he thinks that half of those residents won't be coming back.The possessions of thousands of families, the stuff collected over lifetimes is suddenly garbage, clawed up into mountains in city parks. With so much gone already, should New Orleans pick up right where it was?"We should be thinking about a gradual pullout of New Orleans, and starting to rebuild people's homes, businesses and industry in places that can last more than 80 years," says Tim Kusky, a professor of earth sciences at St. Louis University.Kusky talks about a withdrawal of the city and explains that coastal erosion was thrown into fast forward by Katrina. He says by 2095, the coastline will pass the city and New Orleans will be what he calls a "fish bowl.""Because New Orleans is going to be 15 to 18 feet below sea level, sitting off the coast of North America surrounded by a 50- to 100-foot-tall levee system to protect the city," explains Kusky.He says the city will be completely surrounded by the Gulf of Mexico just 90 years from now.Since this story aired on Nov. 20, there has been considerable discussion about whether New Orleans really is sinking, including on CBS News' blog, Public Eye."That's the projection, because we are losing land on the Mississippi Delta at a rate of 25 to 30 square miles per year. That's two acres per hour that are sinking below sea level," says Kusky.That process could only be slowed, in theory, by massive restoration of wetlands. In the meantime, while Kusky's advice is to head for the hills, some New Orleans residents are hoping to head home.Vera Fulton has lived most of her 81 years on Lizardi Street and returned to her home recently for the first time since being evacuated."When they say 'storm,' I leave. I can't swim and I can't drink it. So what I do, I leave," says Vera, who has lost her home to two hurricanes.Vera is intent on coming back. "I don't have no other home, where I'm going?"Three generations of Fultons, Vera's son Irvin Jr., his wife Gay and their son Irvin, 3rd, live around Lizardi Street.Irvin says his house is "just flat" and he didn't have insurance.That's the dilemma. The only thing they have left is land prone to disaster. They want to rebuild, and the city plans to let them.At Vera's house, Mike Centenio, the city's top building official, told 60 Minutes homes can go up as long as they meet what is called the "100-year flood level."The federal government had set a flood-level, but didn't figure on a levee failure that would flood parts of the city.The official level is several feet off the ground. If people meet the requirement, they can rebuild their homes, despite the fact that we saw, for example, a refrigerator lifted to the top of a carport by the floodwaters.Asked whether allowing people to rebuild makes sense, Centenio says it is "going to take some studying."Right now, he says the flood level requirement is the law.Twelve weeks after the storm hit, no one has an answer to where people should go. An estimated 80,000 homes had no insurance, and for now, the biggest grant a family can get from the federal government is $26,200.Those without flood insurance face an uncertain road ahead, trying to piece their lives and homes back together."I don't think any of us get to be made whole. I don't know of anybody that's even getting back to where they were. It's just a matter of how much you lost," says Meffert.No one wants to risk more losses until the levees are fixed but there is not a lot of confidence in that. There's evidence some of the levee walls may have failed from bad design or lousy workmanship.Fixing them is up to Colonel Richard Wagenaar, who told 60 Minutes, that by next summer, the levees will withstand a Category 3 storm. But for a Category 5 storm, Congress would have to double the levee height to 30 feet.Col. Wagenaar says building a 30-foot flood control system around the city could take five to ten years, and cost billions of dollars.Asked whether he would live in New Orleans if the levees were restored to pre-Katrina levels, Col. Wagenaar said he would, after a long pause."There's a lot of long pauses in things I think about these days," Wagenaar added.。

Unit 1Inside ViewConversation 1Janet: Hi, it’s me again, Janet Li. I’m still a student at the University of Oxford in England. But I’m not in Oxford right now. And I haven’t gone back home to China either. It’s the long vacation now, and believe it or not, it’s the middle of summer. I’m spending my summer in one of the world’s greatest cities. I’m in London, home to the Houses of Parliament, Big Ben, Tower Bridge…and the double-decker bus. I want to find out what it’s like to live in this busy, lively city. So I’m working for London Time Off, a website about what’s on in London. This is Joe…, he’s my boss, and this is Andy, who is a reporter. And what’s my job?Well, I don’t know yet, because it’s my first day. But I’m meant to be shadowing Andy, oh, what I mean is, I’m going to be helping him. So can you tell me something about London, Andy?Andy: It’s the greatest city in the world. .Joe: Except for New York!Andy: New York? Don’t make me laugh!Joe: And your point is…?Andy: Look, if you want my opinion, London is greater than New York…Joe: No, I don’t want your opinion, thank you very much. It’s a fact.Andy: A fact! Are you serious?\Janet: And here we are in London, probably the greatest city in the world.Andy: What? Probably? Excuse me, I prefer to deal with this myself…Joe: Ah, dream on, Andy………珍妮特：嗨，又是我，珍妮特.李。

大学英语视听说3听力原文翻译Unit3Unit 3II. Basic Listening Practice1.ScriptW: Chinese students are often too shy to say anything in class.M: I think they don’t speak because their culture values modesty，and they don’t want to be showing off. Goes back to Confucius.Q: Why don’t Chinese students say in class according to the man?C) They are modest.W：中国学生往往羞于说话在课上。

M：我想他们不说话是因为他们的文化价值观的谦虚，他们不想炫耀。

回归到孔子。

问：为什么没有中国学生在课堂上说话？C）他们是温和的。

2.ScriptW: The government is doing something at last about sex discrimination in the work place. Women deserve the same pay as men for the same work.M: Yeah. In the United States, women earn only 70 percent of what men get for the same job. It’s a situation that has to be changed.Q: What does the man say about the women?A) They earn less than men.W：政府现在在做的事情，工作场所的性别歧视。

女人的付出男人一样。

M：是的。

在美国，同样的工作妇女的工资只有男性的百分之70。

Unit 1Pirates of the InternetIt’s no secret that online piracy has decimated the music industry as millions of people stopped buying CDs and started stealing their favorite songs by downloading them from the internet. Now the hign-tech thieves are coming after Hollywood. Illegal downloading of full-length feature films is a relatively new phenomenon, but it’s becoming easier and easier to do. The people running America’s movie studios know that if they don’t do something----and fast---they could be in the same boat as the record companies. Correspodent: “What’s really at stake for the movie industry with all this privacy?” Chernin: “Well, I think, you know, ultimately, our absolute features.” Peter Chernin runs 20th Century Fox, one of the biggest studios in Hollywood. He knows the pirates of the Internet are gaining on him. Correspont: “Do you know how many movies are being downloaded today, in one day, in the United States?” Chernin: “I think it’s probably in the hundreds of thousands, if not millions.” Correspondent: “And it’s only going to grow.” Chernin: “It’s only going to grow. √Somebody can put a perfect digital copy up on the internet. A perfect digital copy, all right. And with the click of mouse, send out a million copies all over the world, in an instant.”5And it’s all free. If that takes hold, kiss Hollywood goodbye. Chernin recently organized a “summit” between studio moguls and some highschool and college kids---the people most likely to be downloading. Chernin: “And we said, ‘Let’s come up with a challenge. Let’s give them five movies, and see if they can find them online.’ And we all sat around and picked five movies, four of which hadn’t been released yet. And then we came back half an hour later. They had found all five movies that we gav e them. ” Correspondent: “Even the ones that hadn’t even been released yet?” Chernin: “Even the ones that hadn’t even been released yet.” Correspondent: “Did these kids have any sense that they were stealing?” Chernin: “You know it’s… it’s a weird dichotom y. I think they know it’s stealing, and I don’t think they think it’s wrong. I think they have an attitude of, ‘It’s here.’” The Internet copy of last year’s hit Signs, starring Mel Gibson, was stolen even before director M. Night Shyamalan could organize the premiere. Correspondent: “The movie was about to be released. When did the first bootleg copy appear?”6Shyamalan: “Two weeks before it or three weeks before it. Before the Internet age, when somebody bootlegged a movie, the only outlet they had was to see it to those vendors on Times Square, where they had the boxes set up outside and they say, ‘Hey, we have Signs---it’s not even out yet.’ And you walk by and you know it’s illegal. But now, because it’s the digital age, you can see, like, a clean copy. It’s no longer the kind of the sleazy guy in Times Square with the box. It’s just, oh, it’s on this。

Unit l, Lesson ATrack 3-1-1 Track 3-1-2Leticia: Hello?Paula: Hi, Leticia. It's Paula.Leticia: Hi, Paula. How are you? Have you finished packing yet?Paula: Almost.Leticia: You must be excited. When's your flight?Paula: Tomorrow. At 9 a.m. Listen, Leticia, I need your help.Leticia: OK. What's up?Paula: Well, as you know, I'm going on vacation for two weeks. Do you think you could water my plants while I'm away?Leticia: Sure. No problem.Paula: Great. They need water twice a week. There's one plant in the bedroom and one in the kitchen. Leticia: OK--say, how about your dog? Should I feed her, too?Paula: No, that's OK. I’m putting her in a kennel.Leticia: All right, then, I'll water your plants---and---oh, how about the mail? Should I pick it up for you?Paula: Actually, I've already asked the mailman to stop mail delivery. Thanks for asking, though. Leticia: Well, have a great trip!Paula: Thanks, Leticia. I really appreciate your help.Leticia: My pleasure. Wait a second. I don t have any keys to your place.Paula: Oh, that's right. Will you be home around 8 tonight?Leticia: Yeah, I think so.Paula: OK, I’ll drop by—I’ll give you the keys then.Leticia: OK! See you tonight. Bye!Paula: Bye! Thanks again!Track 3-1-3Esther: We have to leave in thirty minutes. Have you finished packing?Mina: Yes, I have…Esther: You look worried. What's wrong?Mina: I can't remember u here I put my passport.Esther: Oh, no!Mina: It's here somewhere.Esther: When did you last have it?Mina: About ten minutes ago. Let me think…Oh, there it is. I put it on the dresser. Esther: What a relief!Track 3-1-41. The funniest story of my traveling experience was when I came to the U.S. for the first time by myself. They lost my luggage and I didn't speak a word of English. I had to use my hands to explain myself. People understood what I meant and they helped me out.2.1 have a lot of funny experiences on the airline as a flight attendant. But one of the funniestI could recall was----there was this passenger who had a toupee and one of m}'f flight. attendants was serving…I think…she was serving food…and she had this tray. And suddenly turbulence happened, and she lost her balance…and her hand landed on the guy’s head, who had a toupee.When she caught her balance again, the toupee kind of shifted, so his sideburns were on his forehead. And I had to control my laughter because you're not allowed to laugh…Track 3-1-OL-1 Track 3-1-OL-2W: Wow, Jun, you look relaxed! Did you enjoy the long weekend?J: I sure did actually. Actually I took a big trip.W: Over the weekend? We only had three days off!J: Yep! But I visited four countries in three days!W: What?!J: I love to fly! You might say I’m an airplane freak!W: That’s interesting. Where did you go?J: I visited Korea, Tailand, Singapore and the Philippines.W: Sounds like you were busy.J: I was. I only had only four hours in so. So I have to finish my shopping very quickly. Sometimes I had to run between connecting flights.W: Wait a minute. What about your baggage? Didn’t you have to wait for it?J: No, I didn’t have much, only one carry-on bag, it just fits the overhead compartment. W: So let me get this straight. You spent your weekend in an airplane flying around?J: Basically yes. I fly standby.W: Standby?J: Yes, as a standby passenger. I don’t have a reservation. At the last minute, they let me know if there’s a seat available. They give me a boarding pass and I get on.W: All these flying must be expensive.J: Well, I’m an airline employee. I’m a sales representative for Twin Star Airlines. So I know most of the flight attendants and I can almost fly for free.W: Lucky you!Track 3-1-OL-3Matt: Have you done all the errands?Tina: No, I haven’t finished them yet.Matt: You don’t have to go to the post office, I’ve canceled the mail delivery.Tina: Well, I’ve picked up the plane tickets. But I haven’t taken the dog to the kennel. What about you? Have you washed the dishes?Matt: No, I haven’t cleaned the kitchen. But I’ve already watered the plants, and I’ve given our keys to Mrs. Smith.Tina: What about your suitcase? Have you packed it?Matt: Not yet…But don’t worry: there’s still lots of time!Track 3-1-OL-4S: Are you almost ready?J: Yes, I think so. But we always forget so many things. Did you get the traveler’s checks at the bank yesterday?S: Yes I did. And I paid the bills too.J: Well, I changed our voice mail message and I confirmed all of our flights.S: Great! Let’s remember to give the house keys to Mr. Jacobsen so he can come in and water our plants.J: This afternoon I have to stop the mail delivery at the post office.S: And could you please take the dog to kennel?J: No, I hate that. He always looks so scared.S: And this time let’s remember to empty the trash before we leave.J: And we’ll give away all the fresh food. Last year there were black tomatoes and green meat in our refrigerator after our vacation.S: I made a note to myself unplug the computer.J: And I promised to turn off all the lights. The electric bill was terrible last time.S: Maybe we should write a list, they may be used again on our next vacation.Track 3-1-OL-5 Track 3-1-OL-6Tips for better packingAre you planning to travel for a weekend or several months around the country or overseas? Here are some tips to help you pack your bags.1.Pre-trip planning. Make a packing list to help you remember everything. Reveal it about aweek before your trip. Plan a time to go shopping for things you need for your trip. Don’t pack the night before you travel. You’ll forget things when you’re in a hurry.2.Tagging luggage. Before packing, put names tags on valuable items like cameras and cellphones.Make sure that each piece of luggage, including carry-on has a luggage tag on it. If you know your hotel’s address and phone numbers, put it on your luggage tags.3.Saving space. Pack small items: socks, belts and etc inside your shoes. It uses the emptyspace and helps the shoes to hold their shape. Pack your clothes in plastic bags. If you’re traveling with a friend, plan your packing together, share your alarm clock, toothpaste or first aid kit.4.Your carry-on bag. The most important items for your trip: passport, plane tickets, traveler’s checks, credit cards keys and etc should go in your carry-on bag. Always keep them with you. Keep your carry-on bag small and light. Put those the heavy items in your checking luggage.Use soft bags such as backpacks or shoulder bags for carry-ons. They fit easily under the airplane seat or into the small overhead compartment.5.Other ideas. Bring an empty bag for souvenirs from the trip. Remember to pack a few rub ofbans, safety pins and plastic bags, they can be very useful. Bring some snacks such as nuts, cookies or dried fruit, you can eat them if you don’t have enough time for a meal. Sharing food is a good way to made other travelers.Track 3-1-OL-7 Track 3-1-OL-8Travel TodayGoing solo is the way to go!By D. ToorHow do you usually travel? Do you go with a close friend or a group of friends? Do you join a tour group? Do you travel with your family? Have you ever imagined "going solo"? In the mid 1990s, it was estimated that 9 million Americans were planning a summer vacation alone. Since then, the number of solo travelers has increased.You may think that traveling alone would be scary or boring. Well, according to people who do it, that's not exactly true. Solo travelers often have positive experiences: they make new friends, get to know themselves better, and can make their own schedules.There are many different things you can do on a vacation alone. Some solo travelers use the time to learn or practice a sport such as golf, mountain climbing, or scuba diving. Others go and stayon a ranch and learn how to ride a horse. You can pretend to be a cowboy or a cowgirl for a day! You may not believe this, but some travelers like to study on their vacation. They even go to "vacation college" at a university or join a research team as a volunteer worker. It's hard but satisfying work. You can "play scientist" for a week or two while you help someone with their project.For solo travelers of different ages and genders, there are many travel options, There are tours for women only and for people over the age of 60. And, of course, there are trips for singles who are looking for romance. One company offers trips that focus on fine dining----there is time for sightseeing during the day and for sharing a delicious meal with new friends at night. The next time you take a trip somewhere, why don't you consider going solo?Bon voyage!Global ViewpointsP13 ADave: Before going on a trip I pay the bills, I empty the trash, and I give a house key to a friend. Alejandra: Before I leave on a trip, I have to confirm travel plans and make sure that I have requested a vegetarian meal.Thallus: Before leaving for a long trip, I turn off the lights, I turn off my heater, I give my keys to my roommate, and I water my plant.Julianna: The funniest story of m}'r traveling experience was w hen I came to the U.S. for the first time by myself. They lost my luggage and I didn't speak a word of English. I had to use my hands to explain myself. People understood what I meant and they helped me out. Catherine: My recent trip to Africa was one of the most amazing trips of my life, This was my second trip to Tanzania, Africa. We visited a lot of villages, some very remote that we had to travel by helicopter. In Tanzania, it's very different from America so there are no maps. So, even traveling in a helicopter, we didn't really know where we were going to go. We didn't really know the village names, so we just kind of had no destination and we got in the helicopter and just flew around. And if we saw some animals or some rooftops of hut houses, we said, "Let's go there" and we just kind of landed.Dennis: I have a lot of funny experiences on the airline as a flight attendant. But one of the funniest I could recall was, there was this passenger who had a toupee and one of my flight attendants was serving---l think---she was serving food---and she had this tray. And suddenly turbulence happened, and she lost her balance---and her hand landed on the guy's head, who had atoupee. When she caught her balance again, the toupee kind of shifted, so his sideburns were on his forehead. And I had to control my laughter because you're not allowed to laugh--City LivingMexico----here we come!Sun-hee: This is going to be a great trip! I've never been to Mexico, have you?Mike: No, I haven't. Have you finished everything?Tara: Oh my gosh! Where's my bag?Sun-hee: (to Tara) It s in the closet. (into phone) Of course! I'm the only one who's organized around here. I ran errands all day and I'm ready---exhausted---but ready.Mike: What did you have to do?Sun-hee: (holds up ticket) Well, first I had to confirm my flight--Claudia: My ticket! Where's my ticket? Have you seen it?Sun-hee: (to Claudia) I saw it in the bathroom.Claudia: The bathroom? Are you sure? So strange ... (holds up her ticket) Oh, you're right. Got it!Sun-hee: (holds up traveler's checks)-- then I had to get traveler's checks--Tara: Oh! My money! I've lost my wallet! (Sun-hee hands Tara her wallet) Whexv!Sun-hee: (into phone)-- then I had to pay the electricity and phone bills, (to Tara) because someone forgot-- (into phone) and then I had to change my voice mail message.Claudia: My cell phone! I don t remember where I put my cell phone!Sun-hee: (to Claudia) It's in the kitchen.Claudia: (to self) The kitchen--it's in the kitchen-- (holds up cell phone) Ta-dah!Sun-hee: (into phone) These two----they're never prepared! What would they do without me? Mike: How true--Hey, don't forget to unplug your TV and electrical stuff before you go.Sun-hee: (holds up plug) Done.Tara: Sun-hee! We're late! It's time to go!Sun-hee: OK! Iley mike, I have to go. We're leaving for the airport.Sun-hee, Tara and Claudia: Bye Mike!Mike: Cool! Have a great trip girls! Bye.Sun-hee: OK! Does everybody have everything? Tickets?Tara and Claudia: Yep.Sun-hee: Bags?Tara and Claudia: Yep.Sun-hee: Coats?Tara and Claudia: Yep.Sun-hee: Everything.Tara and Claudia: Yep. Let's go!Sun-hee: OK. Mexico----here we come!(all exit)Tara and Claudia: (Sun-hee re-enters to get her ticket and traveler's checks) Now-- Mexico----here we come!Track 3-1-OL-9Sun-hee, Claudia, and Tara are preparing to go to Mexico for a vacation. While Sun-hee is talking to Mike on the phone, Claudia and Tara have some trouble preparing for the trip. First, Tara can’t find her bag and then Claudia doesn’t know where her ticket is. But Sun-hee is tatally relaxed because she has already finished getting ready. Sun-hee tells Mike about all the errands she had to do earlier that day. She had to confirm her flight, get travel’s checks, change her voice-mail message, and pay the bills. Finally, Tara and Claudia are ready to go and Sun-hee checks to be sure they have everything. However, after they leave, Sun-hee soon comes running back in. Why? She forgot to take her ticket and passport!Unit 4, Lesson ATrack 3-4-1 Track 3-4-2(F): Well, Jim, our next story is a strange one, isn't it?(M): Yes, Irene, it sure is. It surprised everyone. Almost 200 people on a two-week holiday trip to Saint Martin became sick. They're calling it the "holiday cruise disease." It sounds scary. What caused it? The doctors aren't exactly sure, but they know it was something in the food thepassengers ate. OK, give us the details. All right, here's the story: On Friday night, the ship departed around 10 p.m. with 300 passengers on board. By Sunday morning, some people reported feeling lightheaded. They stayed in bed. By that afternoon, more than half of the passengers had severe indigestion. Some of them got very sick. We spoke to one woman about her experience. Everyone was complaining. My stomach hurt so much I couldn't eat anything. It was really terrible! What's the situation now? Well, the ship had to return home on Monday---- after only two and a half days at sea---- and most of the passengers went straight to the hospital then.F: How are they doing now?M: They're exhausted---- many haven't slept for 48 hours---- but they're doing fine.F: That's good news. It's too bad they couldn't enjoy their vacation.M: Yes, it is. And that’s the next problem. The passengers are asking for their money back, but the company doesn't want to refund the full amount.F: What's going to happen then?M: Nobody knows. I'II keep following the story, though, and I'II have more details for you tomorrow. Track 3-4-3Chad: Hi, Doctor Park.Doctor: Hi, Chad. How are you today?Chad: Not so great.Doctor: What seems to be the problem?Chad: Well, I have a rash on my arm. I can't stop scratching it.Doctor: Is there anything else?Chad: Yes. I have a slight fever.Doctor: I see. Have you been in the woods recently?Chad: Let's see…I went hiking last week.Doctor: Maybe an insect bit you. Please sit up here. Let's take your temperature.Track 3-4-41. When I was younger and I had a sore throat my mother would always make me gargle with hot water and salt. Surprisingly, it works.2. I use aloe vera. I use it for burns and things on the skin. I think it really works. Track 3-4-OL-1 Track 3-4-OL-2M: Are you finished packing?B: Almost. I just have to check my tent one last time, I don’t want to forget any of the pieces. M: Is that your first aid kit?B: Yep.M: Well, I see bandages and some aspirin, where’s everything else?B: Like what?M: Well, your toothbrush and toothpaste for example.B: Huh… I’ll put it in, don’t worry.M: And where is your allergy medicine? You’ll need your nasal spray and some lozenges, just in case.B: OKM: Are you going to pack any lotion? You know, you might touch some poison or something…B: Mom! It’s only an overnight camping trip.M: OK. All right then. Oh, what about mouthwash? After you brush you teeth, you’re going to wantto…B: Mom! I’m not preparing for a date! I’m going on a camping trip, an overnight camping trip!I think I can live without mouthwash for 24 hours!M: All right then. I was just trying to be helpful. I’m sure you’ll have a great time. Track 3-4-OL-3A: What’s wrong?B: I feel exhausted. I didn’t sleep well last night.A: Do you have a cold?B: No, I’m fine. It’s Fred, he has the flu.A: I’m sorry to hear that.B: Yeah, it’s pretty bad. He can’t stop coughing. It keeps me awake at night.Track 3-4-OL-4I stopped drinking coffee because I couldn’t sleep at night. It was had to break that habit, but now I sleep very well, and I don’t wake up in the middle of the night. If you want to stop drinking coffee, here’s some advice for you. Don’t stop drinking coffee suddenly. You might get a headache. Reduce the amount of coffee slowly. Drink juice or herbal tea instead. If you usually have coffee in the morning, go for a walk or do exercises instead. That will wake you up. And go to bed early! A lot of people drink coffee just because the feel tired.Track 3-4-OL-5 Track 3-4-OL-6Get in the habitWe all know that good habits bring in good health. But we don’t realize how much difference they can make. In the 1970s, scientists at the University of California, LA interviews seven thousand people about their health habits. Then they follow these people to see how long they lived. The scientist discovered that seven habits were closely linked with a longer life. These habits are：1. Eating breakfast everyday. 2. Avoiding snacks between meals.3. Keeping an ideal weight, not too heavy or too thin.4. Exercising regularly. 5. Sleeping 7 to 8 hours per night, not more or less.6. Not smoking.7. Drink two or fewer alcoholic drinks per day. The researchers found that these habits had a powerful effect on health. People in the study who had three or fewer of these habits lived another 21.6 years. People who had six or seven could expect to live another 33 years. People age 55 to 64 with all seven good habits were as healthy as younger people age 25 to 34 who practiced only one or two of the habits. But how do you change your habits? A slow approach is the best way. Make one small change every week and be patient, it takes about 21 days to form a new habit.Track 3-4-OL-7 Track 3-4-OL-8Surprising syndromes of modem lifeR4argaret's friend is taking a new job in a faraway city. She wants to hold a farewell dinner party at her home. But she can't. Margaret suffers from CHAOS (Can't Have Anyone Over Syndrome). Her apartment is messy and she's embarrassed by it. "I've never been a tidy person," she says. "My best friend gave me some good advice. He told me to get a maid." Today it's so easy to get information--and lots of it. We receive telephone calls all day long. People expect a quick response to their faxes, text messages, and e-mail messages. I;or some people, it's too much. They have information fatigue syndrome. There is so much information, they become paralyzed and can't think clearly "I can't sleep at night because I worry," says Bahman, a college senior. "It's terrible." Hurry sickness is a straightforward name for another syndrome of modern life. "I'malways rushing. Get headaches a lot. Taking aspirin seems to help," says Mari, a mother of two and a part-time company employee. Do you engage in "deskfast" (eating breakfast at your desk at work) more than once a week? Then you, too, may suffer from hurry sickness! We've all complained about having too much work to do. Well, now about not having enough work?Underload syndrome is caused by having little or nothing to do at the office. You have to pretend that you're working. Steven works as a project manager. "I can finish my work in about four hours, but I'm afraid to say anything about it. I don't want to be assigned too much work!" In severe cases, people with this syndrome can get very bored and even became depressed. Chances are you're experienced phone neck before. Another name for it would be "pain in the neck," because that's what people with this condition experience. Holding the phone between your neck and your ear for a long time causes phone neck. A good long message is the suggested treatment for this syndrome. Unit 4, Lesson BGlobal ViewpointsP65 AAlejandra: Unfortunately, I get colds a couple of times a year. When I get a cold, I feel very weak and I've got headaches, my throat aches, and I just don't want to get out of bed. So I stay home. I take medicines and try to drink a lot of liquids.Gian: When I get sick----and I mean really sick---- the first thing I do is run to the machine cabinet and try to find something to make me feel better. And if I'm not feeling better after a little while, I’ll call the doctor and trudge in to make sure that I'm really OK, and it's just a matter of time.Malinda: When I xx-as younger and I had a sore throat, my mother would always make me gargle with hot water and salt. Surprisingly, it worked.Dave: I have an aunt in Mexico that believes that toothpaste can cure everything. Toothpaste can cure burns---bee stings---uh-- bites-- it's... amazing. "I got a bee sting---- ah, put toothpasteon it." "I got burnt---- ah, put toothpaste on it." "I have cancer---- ah, put toothpaste on it." Kumiko: I use aloe vera. I use it for burns and things on the skin. I think it really works. Catherine: My father's been recently very interested in acupuncture. He's been having a lot of headaches and backaches so he's been studying up on acupuncture and he realized that if he puts a needle right here for his headache and a needle right here for his back it eases his pain. I think it works for him. For me I'm a little skeptical but I think if you really believe in it, it works.City LivingIt must be a miracle!Tara: (opening the door to find Takeshi and Mike) Hi--hi.Takeshi: Hi.Tara: Thank goodness you're here! This morning she almost fainted, then she felt very tired, and now she says she feels very lightheaded. I don't know hat to do.Takeshi: Has she seen a doctor?Tara: She won't go. She says just needs to get some rest.Mike: Did anything happen?Tara: Nothing out of the ordinary. The worst thing is, she has this big meeting with the president of the university tonight. She's been pretty anxious about it.Takeshi: OK. Let's take a look.Tara: Sun-hee, Mike and Takeshi are hereTakeshi: Hi.Sun-hee: (wakes up) Hey.Takeshi: How are you feeling?Sun-hee: Very tired--and I feel dizzy--and my stomach is killing me"' (sighs) I think I might even have a fever. Oh--why do I have that meeting with the president tonight? I can't stop thinking about it...Mike: Eat something, you'll feel better.Sun-hee :Are you kidding? I can't eat. I'm not hungry.Takeshi: Maybe you should go for a walk-- you know, get some fresh air--Sun-hee :No, I just need to rest.Tara: (phone rings) Hello? Yes ... no, this is her roommate, Tara. What? OK--I'll let her know. Thanks. (to Sun-hee) That was the president's secretary,Sun-hee :What did she say?Tara: She told me to tell you that tonight's meeting has been canceled.Sun-hee: Oh, thank goodness. Uh--Mike, can you hand me that orange juice?Tara: (to Takeshi) I don't know maybe we should call a doctor.Takeshi: (to Tara as Sun-hee starts eating and drinking) Yeah, maybe we should.Sun-hee: What's the matter? Haven't you ever seen anyone eating before?Tara: (to Sun-hee) I take it you're feeling better?Sun-hee: I am feeling pretty good. It must be a miracle, or something.Tara: (to Takeshi) Or a lucky phone call.Track 3-4-OL-9Sun-hee doesn’t feel well, so Tara asks Takeshi and Mike to come over. When they arrive, Takeshi asks Sun-hee how she is feeling. Sun-hee says she’s very tired, a little dizzy, and that she might even have a fever. Tara then explains that Sun-hee has also been very anxious about a meeting with the president of her university. Mike tells Sun-hee to eat something, but she says.” I can’t eat. I’m not hungry.” Then the phone rings. It’s the president’s secretary. She tells Tara to tell Sun-hee that tonight’s meeting has been canceled. When Sun-hee gets the news, she starts to feel much better and says,” it must be a miracle or something.” But her friends know it’s not a miracle. She was just really nervous about the meeting!Track 3-5-4D. Listen to two people talking about their plans after graduation. Pay attention to the expressions they use. Then talk about your own plans after graduation.1. After I finished my Ph.D., I would like to go back to Senegal and start my own business in agriculture.2. After graduation I plan to find a good job. I also plan to start a famil}f and buy a house. Track 3-5-OL-1 Track 3-5-OL-2W: And finally today, we have a report about graduating seniors, Jason Kim standing by. Jason, are you there?J: Hi, Lucy.W: The natural Times newspaper asked college seniors “what are you going to do after you graduate? ”J: That’s right. Lucy. The students gave them surprising answers too.W: For example?J: Well, more than 50% of the students say they aren’t going to start a new job right away. W: Well, what are their future plans?J: Let’s ask some of them. Excuse me?M: Yes?J: I’m Jason Kim from SCA TV. Your name please?M: Mesuki.J: And what are you studying in.M: Art.J: OK, Mizuki, what are you going to do after graduate?G: I don’t know. I’ll probably chill out for a while.J: Chill out?M: You know, relax.J: OK, Mizuki, thanks for your comments. Hello, I’m Jason Kim and we’re doing a live report. What’s your name and major?R: My name is Robert and I’m studying in law.J: What are you going to do after you graduate?R: I don’t know, maybe I’ll take a long trip.J: What about a job?R: Work? Maybe one of these days, but first I’d like to take a trip.J: Thank you Robert and good luck. Well, that’s all for now. this is been Jason Kim and my report on college seniors. Now back to you Lucy.Track 3-5-OL-31. Eduardo: Hi, I’m Eduardo. I got accepted to college recently. Since the school is just in my neighborhood, I’m going to live at home. I’ll not apply for a scholarship because it’s too hard to get it. I think I’ll be able to support myself by working part-time. In my view, money is very important though it’s not everything. So most probably I’ll study business, I hope I can make it big after my graduation.2.Jill: I’m Jill, I’m going to join a sorority, I want to make more friends of the same sex.I think that women should be united should always help each other. I’m going to volunteer work in my spare time to help those old-aged ladies in the community with their errands. I’m not going to a large university since I can’t afford it.3.Max and Sara: I’m Max and this is Sara. We love each other, we’re not going to live in student housing. We plan to live in a mid-sized apartment not far away from the university. We’re going to study together and work part-time.Track 3-5-OL-4I’m Mary and I’m twenty. I’m studying in life-long education at the university of Tokyo. I think it’s important for everyone to keep learning all their lives. That’s why I choose the major in life-long education. Personally I’m planning to further my education in an American university after graduation. So right now I’m taking an English class. I want to improve my English. I’m working part-time at a video store because I need to save money for my studies abroad. I have a boyfriend and he wants to go and study in the United States too. We have similar interests and personalities. I’m going to get married and live in a house by the ocean. Sooner or later。

Unit 1Passage oneInterviewer: Can you tell me…how do you think you have changed as you have matured?What things have had a major influence on you?Speaker 1 : Well, let me think…I suppose going to university had a big impact on my life. It made me much more open-minded. I met so many different types of people there withweird and wonderful ideas and it changed the way I see the world. I’m much moretolerant now… It made me a more rounded person.Interviewer: Great, and had any particular person had a central role in forming your character? Speaker 1: I guess that’d have to be my grandfather. I was very close to him, and he taught me to stand up for my beliefs. He was always telling me about this…Interviewer: So what people or events have had an impact on your life?Speaker 2: I think that traveling my gap year made me grow up and see both the beauty of the world and, well…just the generosity of ordinary people. I traveled a lot around Asiaand you know, I found that in some of the poorest countries, like Cambodia and Laos,people share whatever little they have, and they possess a real joy for life. It’sprobably made me a less selfish person.Interviewer: Interesting…so you would recommend that young people take a gap year to discover themselves and the world?Speaker 2: Definitely. It gives you an opportunity o learn about the world beyond the one you grew up in and I found it really…Interviewer: Could you tell me what things in your life have had the greatest influence in forming your personality?Speaker 3: Well…a couple of years ago I was on a reality TV show where a group of young people all lived in a house together. Each week some one was voted off by theaudience. I got down to the final three! I suppose being on the show and seeing howthe other contestants behaved made me realize how selfish and spiteful some peoplecan be just to get what they want. I also realized it’s best to just be yourself in life. Ifyou pretend to be someone different people will eventually see through the lies. Interviewer: Right…And how did you feel when you were eventually voted off?Speaker 3: Relieved, to be honest with you. But you know, a slight regret that I didn’t win because I kind of…Interviewer: So you can tell me, what one thing do you think that has had the biggest impact on your life?Speaker 4: Hmm, that’s a difficult question. But I think helping victims of the tsunami in 2004 had a very great impact on me. I’m half Thai and I’d just arrived in Thailand for afamily Christmas holiday. When I heard the news I knew I had to help-you couldn’tnot. I ended up acting as an interpreter for a group of volunteer doctors. It was anincredibly difficult time but you know, even in the middle of such a horrific tragedythere is still a huge amount of g kindness.Interviewer: That’s amazing! And has it changed the way you view your future…Passage twoTony: Talking to us today in our Life Choices series is Joan Robinson, an academic counselor at Manchester University. She gives advice to school students on choosing the right subject to study at university. Joan, welcome to the show.Joan: Thanks Tony.Tony: So Joan, what do our listeners need to think about when choosing a course? It’s a huge, potentially life-changing decision, isn’t it?Joan: Yes. I generally give students advice in two areas. Firstly, know yourself, and secondly, think to the future.Tony: When you say “know yourself” what do you mean?Joan: Basically, I mean evaluate your own personal strengths and weaknesses, your personality traits and the things you like.Tony: I see…So how can our listeners do this?Joan: Well, start by asking yourself questions to help reflect on your life so far. For example, what subjects are you good at? Are you an organized and self-disciplined person? Are you confident and outgoing? Do you like working with others in a team or do you prefer working alone? These kinds of questions will help you discover more about yourself. Tony: Sounds like good advice. How about your second point regarding the future?Joan: Well, your choice of major subject is likely to have a significant impact on your future career so it’s important to look into this carefully. I recommend you check not only which academic subjects will help you get into a particular area of work, but also look carefully at what universities offer. Each university has its strengths so try to choose one that is the best in your chosen field. Find out what links the department has to related industries and leading companies in it.Tony: Good point. Now I’d like to take some calls from our listeners. First up we have James on the line. Hi, James! How can we help?James: Hi. I’m interested in career in IT and I’d like to ask Joan whether she thinks it’s better to go to a highly respected university, like Oxford, or to study somewhere that has more of a vocational focus?Joan: Well, James, you know it really depends on what you expect to get out of a university and how you see your future. Basically a handful of the brightest graduates are picked from the top univer sities around the world to join the leading IT companies. So I’d say if you’re ahigh-flyer then this is the route that might be for you. But if you are looking for a moremainstream career then you should consider a course that helps you acquire practical,transferable skills that you can use in the workplace…and look at which universities have the best levels of graduate recruitment for the kind of job you are aiming for.James: I see! Thanks a lot. That really helps me out…Unit 2Passage1One of the strangest feelings I’ve ever had was when I returned by chance to a place where I’d been happy as a child. My husband and I were visiting some friends for the weekend-----they lived about 200 kilometers away. We were driving along when I suddenly saw a church in the distancethat I recognized. My favorite aunt had lived very near it on a farm that my brother and I used to visit once a year with our parents.We were city kids, brought up in the middle of London, and this was a working farm-----the real thing-----with cows in cowsheds, fields with ponds and a muddy yard full of smelly pigs-----we had the run of the whole place-----it was just paradise for us.And then-----there was the food-----home-made jam and bread and cakes, milk fresh from the cow. And my aunt Lottie-----a farmer’s wife-----and her husband, uncle George and their kids, Katie and Ben, our two cousins who my brother and I really got on with. It was heaven that week we used to spend there. They moved from the farm when I was… how old? ----- about 14. So I’d never been back or seen it again.Anyway, there we were, and I’d just seen the church-----, so we turned off and drove down this really narrow lane. And before I knew it we were in front of Aunt Lottie’s farm. The extraordinary thing was that it hadn’t changed------ not one tiny bit.It was a lovely old place with a typical country cottage garden, full of flowers. There were lots of barns and sheds-----they were next to-----next to the farm. And you know, I can’t even begin to describe the feeling I had standing there. It was-----oh, what was it? an incredibly powerful feeling of longing-----nostalgia for the past-----for times I’d been very very happy. But it was the past. I hadn’t been there for 20 years and I couldn’t go back, so also I had a feeling of huge sadness, that I couldn’t have those times again. And-----at the same time-----great sweetness, because those times had been so happy, so innocent-----because I was a child. So there was this extraordinary mix-----of longing, sadness and sweetness, all at the same time. It was the strangest feeling I’ve ever had.Passage2ScriptInterviewer: So what's your first memory of school, Kevin?Kevin: I was really looking forward to school, I remember that, I just couldn't wait. Yeah, Johnny, my brother, was a year older than me and he seemed so grown-up, with his red blazer and smart shoes. And I wanted to go to school and be grown-up too. I don't remember much of the first day actually, apart from this little boy lying on the floor and screaming and screaming and me thinking what a baby he was.Interviewer: Right! What about you, Eva?Eva: I just have this one memory of this coat rack with all our coats. And I was looking for my peg which had a little picture of an elephant next to it. I remember I was crying because I wanted to go home and I couldn't get my coat on. I was crying so much and then the teacher came and helped me.Interviewer: OK, so what about your first best friend at school?Kevin: Oh, yeah, well, Steve, I remember him, because he's still my best friend!Interviewer: Still your best friend!Eva: That's so great!Kevin: Yeah, we didn't know each other before we started school but we became really good friends and so did our mums. Our families ended up going on holiday together and that kind of thing. But we used to fight a lot, Steve and I, and the teachers used to get very cross with us. But we were just having fun.Interviewer: Cool! And what about you, Eva?Eva: My best friend was a girl called Robina. She had short blond hair, I remember I thought she looks like an angel. We sat next to each other and held hands and played fairies in the playground. She left in Year 3 and I cried for days.Interviewer: Oh, how sad! So what about the day you left school? How was that?Eva: I had a lot of mixed feelings, I remember walking home with this amazing feeling of freedom, you know, no more rules, no more bossy teachers. But I also felt pretty sad, because I'd had some good times. I was in a group of girls who were so supportive of each other.Kevin: I couldn't wait to leave, I was counting the days.I just wanted to get a job, get a life, earn some cash. The day I left, I went out to celebrate with a couple of my mates and--had a very good time!Unit 6Passage1A US Airways jet landed in the icy Hudson River in New York this afternoon after apparently hitting a flock of geese.Miraculously,no one was killed and there were few injuries.James Moore,our correspondent at the scene,has more.An Airbus 330 took off from La Guardia Airport.New York,at 3:26pm this afternoon,bound for Charlotte Airport in North Carolina.It had 155 people aboard.Thirty to 45 seconds after take-off,a flock of geese apparently flew into the plane,causing it to lose power in both engines and one engine to catch fire.Without power the plane was unable to return to La Guardia Airport and the pilot decided to land in the Hudson River in order to avoid crashing in a populated area. Two minutes later the plane made a successful landing in the Hudson and passengers were able to climb out through the emergency exits.The plane immediately started taking in water but fortunately water taxis and boats that had seen the crash were waiting by the aircraft. Passengers and crew stood on the wings of the plane in the icy cold water and were helped into the boats.Over the next hour,as New York watched the event on television,everyone on the plane,including a baby,were taken to hospitals for treatment,mostly because of the extreme cold,Their injuries are not reported to be serious.One of the passengers,Alberto Panero,said people had bugun praying as the plane approached the river but that everyone had stayed clam.The pilot of the plane has been named as Chesley Sullenberger.Aged 57,he has 29 years experience of flying and at one time had been a US fighter pilot.Sullenberger was the last to leave the plane and walked up and down it twice to make sure it was empty before climbing out.He has already been described as a hero.The Governer of New York,David patersm,said at a news confe rence this afternoon,“I believe now we've had a miracle on the Hudson.This pilot,somehow without any engines,was somehaw able to land this plane and perhaps without any injuris to the passengers.”It is thought that the survival of all on board is because the plane did not break up when it hit water and because of the immediately arrival of the water taxis and boats.Passage 2Streets Full of HeroesA:Hi,we are asking people who their personal hero is. Someone they really admire and who’sinspired them in some way.B:Oh,right.Interesting.A:Can you tell us a bit about yourself?B:Sure.My name is Paul Smith. I worked at London zoo.A:London zoo? Really?B:Yes,I’m a zoo keeper. I look after the elephants.A:Elephants?what a great job! So who is your hero, Paul?B:I’ve got quite a few heroes. But I guess my biggest hero is Al Gore.A:The American politician. So why him?B:Well,he is the guy who made people take climate change seriously.A:You are referring to the film An Inconvenient Truth, I take it?B:That’s right. That film proved to people with statistics and graphs, that kind of thing---that climate change was happening and that it’s man-made. Before that ,most people believed it was just a few crazy scientists who thought it was happening.A:You work with animals. Do you worry about the effect of the climate on animals?B：Sure，I do. All these species are going to become extinct. It’s terrible.A：It is. Would you say Al Gore’s been an inspiration to you?B:Yes,I would. He’s taught me about importance of taking action when you see something that needs to be done. I do volunteer work for Greenpeace---quite a lot actually. That’s the way I do my bit.A:Greenpeace?Excellent.Thanks,Paul.Hi,what’s your name?C:Clare hope.A:What do you do?C:Well,I’m a mum with two young kids and I work part-time as an accountant for the Red Cross.A:We’re asking people who their personal hero is and if they’ve inspired them in any way.C:That’s an easy one. Melinda Gates, she’s my hero.A:Why is that?C:Well,she is Bill Gates’wife, one of the richest people in the world. You know ,she could so easily do nothing, just enjoy her money. And instead she co-founded the um… Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and I think that it’s called---and it is one of the biggest private charity organization in the world. It’s donated more than 280 million dollars to various good causes.A:More than 280 million dollars? Now that’s a lot of money. She is very active in it, isn't she? C:Oh yeah, she is a director. Flies all over the world.A:Do you do any work for charity?C:I make phone calls for Save the Children, asking people to donate. She is a real inspiration, Melinda gates。

高级英语视听说听记教程3听力原文English:Listening Comprehension Tutorial 3: Passage.Passage:The twentieth century was a century of unprecedented technological advancement. From the invention of the airplane to the advent of the computer, technology has transformed the way we live our lives. While some may argue that technology has had a negative impact on society, it is undeniable that it has played a vital role in improving our quality of life.Technology has made it possible for us to communicate with people all over the world instantaneously. Theinternet has revolutionized the way we access information, and social media has allowed us to stay connected with friends and family who live far away. Technology has alsomade it possible for us to learn new things and acquire new skills. Online education has become increasingly popular, and there are now countless resources available to help us learn anything we want.Technology has also improved our health and well-being. Medical advancements have led to the development of new treatments for diseases, and technology has made it possible for us to monitor our health more closely. We can now use fitness trackers to track our activity levels, and there are apps that can help us manage our diet and sleep patterns.Technology has undoubtedly made our lives easier and more convenient. We can now order groceries online, pay our bills with a few clicks, and bank from the comfort of our own homes. Technology has also made it possible for us to work from anywhere in the world, and it has given us more flexibility in our schedules.However, it is important to remember that technology is a tool, and like any tool, it can be used for good or forevil. It is up to us to use technology in a way that benefits society and makes the world a better place.Questions:1. What is the main idea of the passage?2. What are some of the benefits of technology?3. What are some of the potential drawbacks of technology?4. How can we use technology for good?Answers:1. The main idea of the passage is that technology has had a profound impact on our lives, both positive and negative.2. Some of the benefits of technology include theability to communicate instantaneously with people all overthe world, access information quickly and easily, learn new things, improve our health and well-being, and make ourlives easier and more convenient.3. Some of the potential drawbacks of technologyinclude the potential for it to be used for evil, the possibility of it leading to social isolation, and the potential for it to be addictive.4. We can use technology for good by using it toconnect with others, to learn new things, to improve our health and well-being, and to make the world a better place.中文回答：段落：二十世纪是技术飞速发展的世纪。

Unit 3 New orleans is sinkingFor 300 years, the sea has been closing in on New Orleans. As the coastal erosion continues, it is estimated the city will be off shore in 90 years. Even in good weather, New Orleans is sinking. As the city begins what is likely to be the biggest demolition project in U.S. history, the question is, can we or should we put New Orleans back together again?Life has been returning to high and dry land on Bourbon Street, but to find the monumental challenge facing the city you have to visit neighborhoods you have never heard of. On Lizardi Street, 60 Minutes took a walk with the men in charge of finishing what Katrina started.Correspondent Scott Pelley reports.Before Katrina, "There would be noise and activity and families and people, and children, and, you know, I haven't seen a child in a month here," says Greg Meffert, a city official who, with his colleague Mike Centineo, is trying to figure out how much of the city will have to be demolished.Meffert, who is in charge of city planning, says it is "very possible" up to 50,000 houses will have to be bulldozed. Right now, most of the homes in the city are uninhabitable.Meffert faces a difficult task. Every time he goes to a house site here, he says, "It's one more knife in me that says, 'She did another one. She did another one,'" explains Meffert, "she" meaning Hurricane Katrina.When you walk through these neighborhoods and you see the houses, you get a sense of the pain of the individual families. But you don't get a sense of what has happened to the city of New Orleans itself.It is estimated that there were 200,000 homes in New Orleans, and 120,000 of them were damaged by the flood.The part of the city known as the lower Ninth Ward received some of the heaviest flooding. The houses are splintered block after block after block, almost as if the city had been carpet-bombed in war.Meffert says that before the storm, New Orleans had a population of470,000-480,000 people. Realistically, he thinks that half of those residents won't be coming back.The possessions of thousands of families, the stuff collected over lifetimes is suddenly garbage, clawed up into mountains in city parks. With so much gone already, should New Orleans pick up right where it was?"We should be thinking about a gradual pullout of New Orleans, and starting to rebuild people's homes, businesses and industry in places that can last more than 80 years," says Tim Kusky, a professor of earth sciences at St. Louis University.Kusky talks about a withdrawal of the city and explains that coastal erosion was thrown into fast forward by Katrina. He says by 2095, the coastline will pass the city and New Orleans will be what he calls a "fish bowl.""Because New Orleans is going to be 15 to 18 feet below sea level, sitting off the coast of North America surrounded by a 50- to 100-foot-tall levee system to protect the city," explains Kusky.He says the city will be completely surrounded by the Gulf of Mexico just 90 years from now.Since this story aired on Nov. 20, there has been considerable discussion about whether New Orleans really is sinking, including on CBS News' blog, Public Eye."That's the projection, because we are losing land on the Mississippi Delta at a rate of 25 to 30 square miles per year. That's two acres per hour that are sinking below sea level," says Kusky.That process could only be slowed, in theory, by massive restoration of wetlands. In the meantime, while Kusky's advice is to head for the hills, some New Orleans residents are hoping to head home.Vera Fulton has lived most of her 81 years on Lizardi Street and returned to her home recently for the first time since being evacuated."When they say 'storm,' I leave. I can't swim and I can't drink it. So what I do, I leave," says Vera, who has lost her home to two hurricanes.Vera is intent on coming back. "I don't have no other home, where I'mThree generations of Fultons, Vera's son Irvin Jr., his wife Gay and their son Irvin, 3rd, live around Lizardi Street.Irvin says his house is "just flat" and he didn't have insurance.That's the dilemma. The only thing they have left is land prone to disaster. They want to rebuild, and the city plans to let them.At Vera's house, Mike Centenio, the city's top building official, told 60 Minutes homes can go up as long as they meet what is called the "100-year flood level."The federal government had set a flood-level, but didn't figure on a levee failure that would flood parts of the city.The official level is several feet off the ground. If people meet the requirement, they can rebuild their homes, despite the fact that we saw, for example, a refrigerator lifted to the top of a carport by the floodwaters.Asked whether allowing people to rebuild makes sense, Centenio says it is "going to take some studying."Right now, he says the flood level requirement is the law.Twelve weeks after the storm hit, no one has an answer to where people should go. An estimated 80,000 homes had no insurance, and for now, the biggest grant a family can get from the federal government is $26,200. Those without flood insurance face an uncertain road ahead, trying to piece their lives and homes back together."I don't think any of us get to be made whole. I don't know of anybody that's even getting back to where they were. It's just a matter of how much you lost," says Meffert.No one wants to risk more losses until the levees are fixed but there is not a lot of confidence in that. There's evidence some of the levee walls may have failed from bad design or lousy workmanship.Fixing them is up to Colonel Richard Wagenaar, who told 60 Minutes, that by next summer, the levees will withstand a Category 3 storm. But for a Category 5 storm, Congress would have to double the levee height to 30Col. Wagenaar says building a 30-foot flood control system around the city could take five to ten years, and cost billions of dollars.Asked whether he would live in New Orleans if the levees were restored to pre-Katrina levels, Col. Wagenaar said he would, after a long pause."There's a lot of long pauses in things I think about these days," Wagenaar added.Another thing that gives you pause is the fact that one of the world's largest pumping systems can't keep the city dry with broken levees.60 Minutes was there in September during Hurricane Rita. Crews were fighting with everything they had, cooling a pump with a hose and a coat hanger. When the station flooded during Katrina, Gerald Tilton dove under water to open valves.Since then, Tilton and his men have been living at the station. "Most of us, our homes have been destroyed but a large number of us are still here doing the job that we get paid to do," says Tilton.Tilton says he hasn't seen his home since the storm hit and only took one thing from the house when he left: his diploma. "I graduated from Tulane last year and that was the one thing that I wanted. I know it might sound crazy."But sharp minds and heroism couldn't stop a second flood.It took another two weeks to dry out and count the losses. Now, inspectors with laptops are identifying ruined houses."Every house in New Orleans is loaded into this database," explains Centineo. The reports are sent instantly to a computer at city hall, where the database is linked to aerial images of every address, both before and after.When the reports are in, they will know how many billions it will take to rebuild, but not where that money is coming from.Mike Centineo showed us, at his house, that you can't appreciate the loss until you walk through the door. He lost pretty much everything in his home. "We've lost a lot. What hurts is family photos. They went under water and I pulled them out to try to salvage what I could," Centineo says.Centineo says he understands, probably better than any building official ever has, what the victims of Katrina are going through. "I'm one of them, that's true, I'm one of them."He is one of about 400,000 people still unable to come home. That's the worst part now, the deflation of the Big Easy.There are too few people to pay taxes or keep businesses going. The world's largest domed stadium doesn't have a football team; In New Orleans, these days, not even the Saints go marching in.Meffert has some clear feelings on whether the nation should commit billions of dollars and several years to protect the city."Is it commit or invest? I mean this is the thing that that people miss. The country has to decide whether it really is what we tell the world what we are. Or are we just saying that? Because if we are that powerful, if we are that focused, if we are that committed to all of our citizens, then there is no decision to make. Of course you rebuild it," says Meffert.。