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单元语法小专题(Grammar Focus)语法精讲一、情态动词的用法复习情态动词有can (could)，may (might)，must，have to，shall (should)，will (would)，dare (dared)，need，ought to等。
情态动词无人称和数的变化；不能单独使用，必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语。
1. 情态动词的一般用法(1)can，could①表示能力(体力、知识、技能)。
此时可用be able to代替。
can只有一般现在时和一般过去时；而be able to则有更多的时态。
当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用be able to，不能用can。
②表示请求和允许。
此时可与may互换。
在疑问句中还可用could，might代替，不是过去式，只是语气更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答语中。
如:—Could I come to see you tomorrow？我明天可以来看你吗？—Yes，you can./No，I'm afraid not.是的，可以。
/不，恐怕不行。
③表示客观可能性(客观原因形成的能力)。
(2)may，might①表示请求和允许。
might比may语气更委婉，而不是过去式。
否定回答时可用can't或mustn't，表示“不可以，禁止”。
用“May I…？”征询对方许可时比较正式和客气，而用“Can I…？”在口语中更常见。
②用于祈使句，表示祝愿。
如:May you succeed！愿你成功！(3)must，have to①表示必须、必要。
在回答由must引出的问句时，如果是否定的，不能用mustn't(禁止，不准)，而用needn't 或don't have to(不必)。
如:—Must we hand in our exercise books today？我们今天必须交练习本吗？—Yes，you must.(No，you don't have to/you needn't.)是的，你们必须今天交。
人教版九年级全一册英语Unit13单元语法知识点总结本单元重点短语的具体用法1. at the bottom of the river：用于描述某物在河床底部的位置。
例如：The coin was found at the bottom of the river.（硬币在河床底部被发现。
）2. be full of the rubbish：表示充满了垃圾。
例如：The park is full of rubbish.（公园里充满了垃圾。
）3. throw litter into the river：意思是把垃圾扔入河中，用于描述一种不环保的行为。
例如：It's not good to throw litter into the river.（把垃圾扔入河中是不好的行为。
）4. play a part in cleaning it up：表示参与或在清理某物方面发挥作用。
例如：Everyone should play a part in cleaning up the environment.（每个人都应该参与清理环境。
）5. land pollution：指土地污染。
例如：Land pollution is a serious problem.（土地污染是一个严重的问题。
）6. fill the air with black smoke：用于描述使空气中充满黑烟的情况。
例如：The factory fills the air with black smoke.（工厂使空气中充满了黑烟。
）7. cut down air pollution：意思是减少空气污染。
例如：We need to cut down air pollution to protect our health.（我们需要减少空气污染来保护我们的健康。
）8. make a difference：表示产生影响或有所作为。
例如：Small actions can make a big difference.（小行动可以产生大影响。
Unit 13 We are trying to save the earth.知识点及练习Section A知识点1.try v.试图，努力，尝试用法:try to do sth.尽力做某事try doing sth.尝试做某事try one's best (to do sth.) = do one's best (to do sth.)尽某人最大的努力(做某事)短语：try on试穿try out试用，参加选拔have a try 尝试，试一下let me try让我试一下2.the earth地球，表示世界上独一无二的事物前面要加定冠词the。
短语：on the earth在地球上on earth 究竟，到底3.pollution n.污染，污染物f pollute v・污染polluted adj.被污染的短语：air pollution 大气污染，空气污染noise pollution 噪音污染water pollution 水污染4.litter v.扔垃圾n・垃圾二rubbish = trash短语：take out the rubbish 倒垃圾throw rubbish / litter 扔垃圾5.the bottom of ............ 的底部the top of... …的顶部6.be full of = be filled with 充满 ....7.play a part参与…；起作用play a part in “在…方面起作用；参与・・・”，后接名词、代词或动词・ing形式。
8eCUt短语cut down减少，把……砍倒cut in插话cut off切断；断绝cut up切碎cut out删除9. instead of介词短语，后跟名词、代词或动词ing形式。
instead副词，常位于句末。
位于句首时，其后有逗号。
10.Ifs good for health and it doesn't cost anything! (P98)11.be good for 对... 有益，反义词组be bad forobe good at 擅长”，后接名词、代词或动词・ing形式，同义词组do well in obe good with “善于应付.. ”。
Unit 13 We are trying to save the earth.1.重点词汇：bottom, fisherman, coal, advantage, industry, law, gate, bottle, president, work, metal...2. 短语归纳：1. be full of 充满2. get in the shower 在洗淋浴3. leave sth in sp 把某物留在某地4. by the time... 到……的时候；到……之前5. be late for class 上课迟到6. go off 发出响声7. brush one’s teeth 刷牙8. give sb a lift 捎某人一程9. be about to 即将……；正要……10. stare at 盯着看11. in disbelief 疑惑地；不相信地12. take off （飞机等）起飞13. show up 赶到14. get a chance to do sth 得到一个做某事的机会15. leave for sth 动身去某地16. sell out 卖光17. lose weight 减肥18. run out of 用完3. 必背典句：1. We are trying to save the earth. 我们正在努力拯救地球。
2. The river used to be clean. 这条河过去是干净的。
3. The air is badly polluted. 空气受到严重污染。
4. No scientific studies have shown that shark fins are good for health.没有科学研究表明鱼翅对健康有益。
4.语法知识：英语句子成分分析组成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。
它包括：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语等。
Unit 13 We are trying to save the earth.1.重点词汇：bottom, fisherman, coal, advantage, industry, law, gate, bottle, president, work, metal...2. 短语归纳：1. be full of 充满2. get in the shower 在洗淋浴3. leave sth in sp 把某物留在某地4. by the time... 到……的时候；到……之前5. be late for class 上课迟到6. go off 发出响声7. brush one’s teeth 刷牙8. give sb a lift 捎某人一程9. be about to 即将……；正要……10. stare at 盯着看11. in disbelief 疑惑地；不相信地12. take off （飞机等）起飞13. show up 赶到14. get a chance to do sth 得到一个做某事的机会15. leave for sth 动身去某地16. sell out 卖光17. lose weight 减肥18. run out of 用完3. 必背典句：1. We are trying to save the earth. 我们正在努力拯救地球。
2. The river used to be clean. 这条河过去是干净的。
3. The air is badly polluted. 空气受到严重污染。
4. No scientific studies have shown that shark fins are good for health.没有科学研究表明鱼翅对健康有益。
4.语法知识：英语句子成分分析组成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。
它包括：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语等。
中考英语人教九全U13—14语法聚焦和练习及答案一、阅读理解。
On the first day of the new term, I met my new headmaster at the school gate. “Follow me, please!”he said. He had a quiet, kind voice. He took me into my new classroom and left. In front of me, thirty pairs of eyes looked at me. I knew he had told the students that I was blind. I could almost feel the question behind their eyes: “Blind”I felt the answer too: “If she’s blind, this should be good!”I heard quiet voices in a corner of the classroom. For a moment, I felt afraid. I knew at once that I had to be strong.“Class,”I said as loudly as I could. “I may be blind. But I am not foolish. Take those naughty smiles off your faces, and stop talking, please!”Of course, I could not see their faces; I just guessed that some of them were smiling. The class were quiet. They were very surprised. I knew that I had done the right thing.As the days went by, the students had more surprises. I could smell when the children were eating sweets. I could easily hear combs going through hair, students passing messages, and so on. Once I found a girl passing a message to a friend. I took the message to the teachers’room. A teacher read it to me. On one side it said, “Do you think she can see”On the other it said, “I think so. She always knows what we’re doing.”Soon the students stopped being naughty, and started to work hard. Before long, they brought in photos of their families for me to look at. I knew then they were my friends. I also knew they had forgotten that I could not see.1. The students brought their photos for the writer to look at ______.A. to interest herB. to cure(治愈) her illnessC. to make friends with herD. to annoy her2. The underlined word “naughty”means ______ .A. 挑衅B. 调皮C. 不在乎D. 怀疑3. In the new teacher’s class, the students often ______.A. exchanged sweetsB. combed their hairC. wrote lettersD. read letters4. We can infer that ______________________________ in this passage.（原创）A. the students in school welcomed the teacher at firstB. the students were surprised for the first time because the writer seemed to know everythingC. the writer was a nice teacher who was good with the studentsD. the writer said she must be strong because the headmaster left her alone5. What’s the main purpose of this passage? （原创）A. The author was not good with his classmates.B. It’s helpful of the headmaster and teachers to help the author overcome all the difficulitesC. No matter how tough the life is ,be strong and be brave.D. Being blind does not mean being foolish参考答案1--5 DBBDC二、教材语法聚焦1. 时态复习：现在进行时，现在完成时(九全Unit 13)【教材例句】1．We are trying to save the earth. 我们正在尽力拯救地球。
人教版新目标九年级全册英语Unit 13 单元语法知识点考点复习提纲Unit 13 We're trying to save the earth!Section Awrite to ... 给……写信the bottom of the river 河底throw litter into the river 往河里扔垃圾clean up ... 把……打扫干净land / air / noise / water / waste pollution土地 / 空气 / 噪音 / 水 / 垃圾污染turn ... into ... 把……变成……cut down air pollution 减少空气污染instead of 代替be good for ... 对……有好处takeaway food 外卖食品keep public places clean and beautiful 保持公共场所干净美观make a difference 影响；有作用lead to 带来；导致hear of 听说a bowl of shark fin soup 一碗鱼翅羹cut off 切掉be harmful to ... 对……有害no longer 不再at the top of ... 在……顶部或顶端the food chain 食物链environmental protection group 环境保护组织develop laws 制定法律so far 到目前为止scientific studies 科学研究take part in 参加help out 帮助摆脱(困境)take action 采取行动begin with ... 以……开始save electricity 省电turn off the lights / shower 关灯 / 淋浴器pay for 付费；付出代价add up 加起来use public transportation 使用公共交通工具Section Bstop doing sth. 停止做某事ride in cars 乘小汽车paper napkins 餐巾纸throw away 扔掉；抛弃put sth. to good use 好好利用某物have a creative mind 拥有创意的头脑build ... out of ... 用……建造……pull ... down 拆下；摧毁upside down 上下颠倒；倒转in front of ... 在……前面win a prize 获奖open a small shop 开一家小店set up a website 建网站sell ... online 在网上出售……use ... to do sth. 用……做某事set up a small business 经营小生意be known for doing sth. 因做某事而闻名look like 看起来像the importance of environmental protection环境保护的重要性bring back 恢复；使想起；归还【重点句型】1. Even the bottom of the river was full of rubbish. 甚至河底都充满垃圾。
单元语法小专题(Grammar Focus)语法精讲一、情态动词的用法复习情态动词有can (could)，may (might)，must，have to，shall (should)，will (would)，dare (dared)，need，ought to等。
情态动词无人称和数的变化；不能单独使用，必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语。
1. 情态动词的一般用法(1)can，could①表示能力(体力、知识、技能)。
此时可用be able to代替。
can只有一般现在时和一般过去时；而be able to则有更多的时态。
当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用be able to，不能用can。
②表示请求和允许。
此时可与may互换。
在疑问句中还可用could，might代替，不是过去式，只是语气更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答语中。
如:—Could I come to see you tomorrow？我明天可以来看你吗？—Yes，you can./No，I'm afraid not.是的，可以。
/不，恐怕不行。
③表示客观可能性(客观原因形成的能力)。
(2)may，might①表示请求和允许。
might比may语气更委婉，而不是过去式。
否定回答时可用can't或mustn't，表示“不可以，禁止”。
用“May I…？”征询对方许可时比较正式和客气，而用“Can I…？”在口语中更常见。
②用于祈使句，表示祝愿。
如:May you succeed！愿你成功！(3)must，have to①表示必须、必要。
在回答由must引出的问句时，如果是否定的，不能用mustn't(禁止，不准)，而用needn't 或don't have to(不必)。
如:—Must we hand in our exercise books today？我们今天必须交练习本吗？—Yes，you must.(No，you don't have to/you needn't.)是的，你们必须今天交。
(不，你们不一定要今天交。
)②must是说话人的主观看法，而have to则强调客观需要。
must只有一般现在时，而have to 有更多的时态形式。
如:I had to work when I was your age.我像你这么大时，就必须工作了。
(4)dare，need①dare作情态动词用时，常用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中，其过去式为dared。
如:He daren't speak English before such a crowd，dare he？他不敢在人群前说英语，是吗？②need 作情态动词用时，常用于疑问句、否定句。
在肯定句中一般用must，have to，ought to，should代替。
如:—Need I finish the work today？我需要今天完成这个工作吗？—Yes，you must./No，you needn't.是的，必须今天完成。
/不，不一定要今天完成。
③dare和need作实义动词用时，有人称、时态和数的变化。
在肯定句中，dare后面常接带to的不定式。
在疑问句和否定句中，dare后面可接带to或不带to的不定式。
而need 后面只能接带to的不定式。
如:He doesn't dare (to) answer.他不敢回答。
He needs to finish his homework today.他今天要完成家庭作业。
(5)shall，should①shall 用于第一人称，征求对方的意见。
What shall we do this evening？今天晚上我们做什么？②shall 用于第二、三人称，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。
如:You shall fail if you don't work hard.如果你不努力就会失败。
(警告)(6)will，would①表示请求、建议等，would更委婉。
Will/Would you pass me the ball，please？你能把那个球递给我吗？②表示意志、愿望和决心。
如:I will never do that again.我再不会那样做了。
③would表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。
would表示过去的习惯时比used to正式，且没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。
如:During the vacation，he would visit me every other day.假期里，他每隔一天看我一次。
(7)should，ought to①should，ought to表示“应该”，ought to表示义务或责任，比should语气重。
如:I should help her because she is in trouble.我应该帮她，因为她陷入麻烦了。
You ought to take care of the baby.你应该照顾这个宝宝。
②表示劝告、建议和命令时should，ought to可通用，但在疑问句中常用should。
如:You should/ought to go to class right away.你应该马上去上课。
Should I open the window？我应该打开门吗？2.情态动词表推测(1)can表示推测(惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度)，用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。
如:Can this be true？这可能是真的吗？This can't be done by him.这不可能是他做的。
How can this be true？这怎么可能是真的？(2)may/might表示推测、可能性(不用于疑问句)。
might不是过去式，它所表示的可能性比may小。
如:Your mother may/might not know the truth.你妈妈可能不知道真相。
(3)must表示推测、可能性(只用于肯定的陈述句)。
如:You're Tom's good friend，so you must know what he likes best.你是汤姆的好朋友，你一定知道他最喜欢什么。
(4)should，ought to (客观推测)，must(主观推测)。
如:He must be home by now.他现在一定回家了。
(断定他已到家)He ought to/should be home by now.他现在应该到家了。
(按理应当，不太肯定)二、used to “闯三关”1. 用法关used to后接动词原形，表示过去经常性或持续性的动作或状态，意为“过去常常”。
如:I used to get up very early.我过去常常很早起床。
When I was young，it used to be very cold in winter.我小的时候，冬天经常很冷。
2. 句式关其否定形式为“didn't use to do sth.”或“usedn't to do sth.”；一般疑问形式为“Used sb.to do sth.？”或“Did e to do sth.？”；附加疑问句式为“use(d)n't sb.”或“didn't sb.”。
3. 辨异关be/get used to后面接名词或动词－ing形式时，表示“习惯于做某事”，其中to为介词；be used to后面接动词原形时，表示“被用来做某事”。
其中to是不定式符号。
如: I'm used to walking to school now.我现在习惯步行去学校。
The computer is used to store information.这台电脑被用来储存信息。
语法精练Ⅰ. 用can，may，must，need，have to的适当形式填空。
1. You ________ return the book to the library on time.2. I ________ (not) find the way to the hospital.________ you show me the way?3. —________ I finish the work right now?—No，you ________ (not).You ________ do it later.4. He said he ________ (not) come tonight.5. Her mother was ill. She ________ stay at home and look after her.6. It's time for class. You ________ stop playing football or you ________ be late for class.7. The cloud is lifting，so it ________ (not) be a rainy day tomorrow.8. The desk is not dirty. You ________ clean it.9. —What is your mother going to do this Saturday?—I'm not sure. She ________ go to see my grandmother.10.If the traffic light is red，you ________ cross the road. It's dangerous.Ⅱ. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
11. We don't need ________ (work) today.12. He doesn't dare ________ (break) his promise.13. Some students are used to ________ (ask) their parents for help when they meet trouble.14. There used ________ (be) a quiet village here.15. I think you will be used to ________ (live) in the countryside.16. All of us know that cotton can be used ________ (make) cloth.17. You used ________ (go) to school by bike，didn't you?Ⅲ. 根据汉语意思完成句子，每空词数不限。
