(完整版)测绘工程专业英语考试重点(包括单词)

Geoscience地球科学informatics信息学monitor监测appreciate增值dwindle缩小explicit清楚的hydrographic survey海道测量practitioner从业者expertise专门技术flexibility适应性incorporation结合coherent一致的demise死亡blur模糊不清visualization可视化pertaining 与·有关系的imagery肖像plotting标图illustrative说明性的entity实体digitize将资料数字化registration注册forestry森林geology地质学geographical地理学infrastructure基础下部组织navigation导航quarterly一年四次的evolve发展cadastre surveing地籍测量sensor传感器manipulate操作state-of-the-art先进的geophysics地球物理学oceanography海洋学retrieval 检索embrace包含geomatics测绘学geodesy大地测量学surveying and maping测绘photogrammetry摄影测量学remote sensing遥感global positioning system GPS satellite positioning卫星定位geographic information system GIS landmanagement土地管理computer graphics计算机图形学Artificial人造的analog类似物chart图标dimensional空间的monument纪念碑permanent monument永久标石monumentation埋石fieldwork野外工作category种类permanent永久的theodolite经纬仪prerequisite先决条件spheroid球状体allowance容差diameter直径equator赤道latitude纬度longitude经度meridian子午线prime meridian本初子午线northing 北距easting东西距gravity field重力场curvature曲率plumb line铅垂线trigonometry三角法plane trigonometry平面三角algebra代数学analytical geometry解析几何chord弦长triangle 三角形spherical球形的sophistication复杂geoid大地水准面trench沟渠tangent相切的backsight后视foresight前视的refraction折射geodetic surveying大地测量plane surveying平面测量control survey控制测量horizontal survey水平测量vertical survey高程测量topographic survey地形测量detail survey碎步测量land survey土地测量route survey路线测量pipe survey管道测量hydrographic survey水道测量marine survey海洋测量mine survey矿山测量Geological survey 地质测量Fundamental基本原理odometer里程表vehicle交通工具revolution革命circumference圆周invar铟瓦nickel镍alloy合金coefficient系数thermal热的tacheometry视距测量stadia视距intercept截取telescope望远镜multiply乘nominal名义上的manufacturer厂商consequence 结果topographic地势resultant合成的terrain地形electromagnetic电磁的visibility能见度infrared红外线的airborne空气传播的particle粒子modulated已调整的distance measurement 距离测量precise ranging精密测距pacing步测distance-measuring error测距误差fixde error 固定误差proportional error比例误差sighting distance视距multiplication constant乘常数addition constant加常数stadia视距standard field of length长度标准检定场nominal accuracy 标称精度stadia hair视距丝stadia interval视距间隔Perpendicular垂直的intersect横断projection投影zenith天顶celestial sphere天球radius半径clinometer测角仪sextant六分仪protractor量角器clockwise顺时针方向（counter）sexagesimal system六十分制commence开始bisect切成两份clamp夹子encoder编码器spindle轴crystal水晶diode二极管pendulum钟摆compensator补偿器provision供应indexing 指标initialize初始化azimuth方位bearing方向quadrant象限horizontal angle水平角vertical angle垂直角depression angle俯角zenith distance天顶距elevation angle高度角horizontal circle水平刻度盘vertical circle垂直刻度盘true north真北geodetic azimuth大地方位角Grid bearing坐标方位角gyro azimuth陀螺方位角magnetic azimuth磁方位角method by series方向观测法method in all combinations全组合测角法necessitate:成为必要prohibitive:禁止的，抑制的Concise Oxford Dictionary:简明牛津词典encyclopedia:百科全书curiosity:好奇心portray:描绘validity：有效性temporal:时间的geodynamic:地球动力学的phenomena:现象trigger:引发collaboration:协作selenodesy:月面测量学planetary:行星的subdiscipline:分支astro-geodesy:天文大地测量学astro-geodetic:天文大地的deduce:推论geoidal:大地水准面的undulation：起伏flattening:扁率interferometry:干涉测量altimetry:测高学figure of the earth:地球形状gravity field:重力场polar motion:极移earth tide:地球潮汐crustal motion:地壳运动celestial body:天体planetary geodesy:行星大地测量学geometric geodesy:几何大地测量学physical geodesy:物理大地测量学satellite geodesy:卫星大地测量学space geodesy:空间大地测量学geodetic network:大地网astronomic positioning:天文定位artificial earth satellite:人造地球卫星geoidal undulation：大地水准面高gravimetric deflection:重力偏差earth’s flattening:地球扁率satellite laser ranging:卫星激光测距lunar laser ranging:激光测月very long baseline interferometry:甚长基线干涉测量satellite-to-satellite tracking:卫星跟踪卫星技术geodetic astronomy:大地天文学orthogonal:正交的distortioin:变形instinctively:本能的equipotential:等位的potential:潜能render:致使，呈递，归还anomaly:不规则terrestrial:陆地的homogeneous:同类的dynamical:动力的，有力量的intent:意图mean sea level:平均海水面geoid:大地水准面reference ellipsoid:参考椭球flattening of ellipsoid:椭球扁率eccentricity of ellipsoid:椭球偏心率orthogonal projection：正交投影gravity vector:重力矢量orthometric height:正高geodetic height,ellipsoidal height:大地高geoidal height,geoid undulation:大地水准面高sea surface topography:海面地形quasi-geoid：似大地水准面normal height:正常高dynamic height:力高height anomaly:高程异常constellation:星座insure：确保drag：拖拉atmospheric drag：大气阻力sun-seeking：太阳定向panel：面板solar panel：太阳能电池板nicad：镍镉蓄电池nicad battery：镍镉蓄电池reconnaissance：勘测，侦察missile：导弹missile guidance：导弹制导pseudorange：伪距synchronize;同步synchronized：同步的global positioning system:全球定位系统space segment;空间部分control segment：控制部分user segment：用户部分GPS constellation：GPS星座master control station：主控站monitor station：监控站atomic clock：原子钟clock error：钟差broadcast ephemeris：广播星历precise ephemeris：精密星历Coarse/Acquisition Code：C/A码precise code：精码pseudorange：伪距ionospheric delay：电离层延迟tropospheric delay：对流层延迟multipath effect：多路径效应Selective Availability：选择可用性reference receiver：基准接收机roving receiver：流动接收机receiver antenna：接收机天线real-time kinematic（RTK）:实时动态定位differential GPS (DGPS):差分GPS differential correction：差分改正real-time differential correction：实时差分改成post-processed differential correction：后处理差分改正Degrade降级ionosphere电离层troposphere对流层sunspot太阳黑点interference干扰ephemeris星历表Nanosecond纳秒bounce弹跳antenna天线ghost重影recreational娱乐counteract抵消rove移动autonomously自治的dual双重的。

GPS英语专业词汇Acquisition Time: 初始定位时间Active Leg: 激活航线Adapter: 转接器、拾音器、接合器Airborne: 空运的、空降的、机载的、通过无线电传播的Alkaline: 碱性的、碱性Almanac: 历书、概略星历Anti-Spoofing: 反电子欺骗Artwork: 工艺、工艺图、原图ssAtomic Clock: 原子钟Auto-controlling: 自动控制Avionics: 航空电子工学;电子设备Azimuth: 方位角、方位(从当前位置到目的地的方向)Beacon: 信标Bearing: 方向，方位(从当前位置到目的地的方向)Bug: 故障、缺陷、干扰、雷达位置测定器、窃听器Built-in: 内置的、嵌入的Cellular: 单元的、格网的、蜂窝的、网眼的Cinderella: 水晶鞋、灰姑娘。

这里特指JA V AD GPS接收机OEM板的选项，能自动在隔周的星期二GPS午夜时刻开始的24小时内让您的Javad接收机和OEM板变为双频双系统。

Coarse Acquisition Code(C/A): 粗捕获码Cold Start: 冷启动Connector: 接头、插头、转接器Constellation: 星座Control Segment: 控制部分Converter: 转换器、交换器、换能器、变频管、变频器、转换反应堆Coordinate: 坐标Co-pilot: 飞机副驾驶Cost-effective: 成本低，收效大的Course: 路线、路程、航线Course Deviation Indicator (CDI): 航线偏航指示Course Made Good (CMG): 从起点到当前位置的方位Course Over Ground (COG): 对地航向Course To Steer(CTS): 到目的地的最佳行驶方向Crosstrack Error (XTE/XTK): 偏航De-emphasis: 去矫、去加重Definition: 清晰度Diagonal: 对角线、斜的、对角线的Distinguishability: 分辨率Dropping resistors: 减压电阻器、将压电阻器Datum: 基准Desired Track (DTK): 期望航线(从起点到终点的路线)Differential GPS (DGPS): 差分GPSDilution of Precision (DOP): 精度衰减因子Elevation: 海拔、标高、高度、仰角、垂直切面、正观图Enroute: 在航线上、航线飞行Ephemeris: 星历Estimated Position Error (EPE): 估计位置误差Estimated Time Enroute (ETE): 估计在途时间(已当前速度计算) Estimated Time of Arrival (ETA): 估计到达时间Front-loading data cartridges: 前载数据卡Geodesy: 大地测量学Global Positioning System(GPS): 全球定位系统GLONASS: 俄国全球定位系统GOTO: 从当前位置到另一航路点的航线Greenwich Mean Time: 格林威治时间Grid: 格网坐标Heading: 航向Headphone: 戴在头上的收话器、双耳式耳机Headset amplifier: 头戴式放大器High-contrast: 高对比度Intercom: 内部通信联络系统、联络用对讲电话装置Intersection: 空域交界Interface Option (I/O): 界面接口选项Initialization: 初始化Invert Route: 航线反转Jack: 插座、插孔Keypad: 键盘、按键Kinematic: 动态的L1 Frequency: GPS信号频率之一(1575.42 MHz)L2 Frequency: GPS信号频率之一(1227.6 MHz)Latitude: 纬度、纬线Leg (route): 航段，航线的一段Liquid Crystal Display (LCD): 液晶显示器Local Area Augmentation System (LAAS): 局域增强系统Localizer: 定位器、定位发射机、定位信标Longitude: 经度、经线Long Range Radio Direction Finding System (LORAN): 罗兰导航系统Magnetic North: 磁北Magnetic Variation: 磁偏角Map Display: 地图显示Meter: 米Mount: 安装、支架、装配、管脚、固定件Multiplexing Receiver: 多路复用接收机Multipath: 多路径Nautical Mile: 海里(1海里=1.852米).Navigation: 导航Navigation Message: 导航电文NA Vigation Satellite Timing and Ranging(NA VSTAR) Global Positioning System: GPS系统的全称National Marine Electronics Association (NMEA): (美国)国家航海电子协会NMEA 0183: GPS接收机和其他航海电子产品的导航数据输出格式North-Up Display: GPS屏幕显示真北向上Observatory: 观象台、天文台Offset: 偏移量Omnidirectional: 全向的、无定向的Orientation: 方位、方向、定位、倾向性、向东性Panel: 仪表盘、面板Panel-mount: 配电盘装配Parallel Channel Receiver: 并行通道接收机P-Code: P码Photocell: 光电管、光电池、光电元件Pinpoint: 极精确的、准确定位、准确测定、针尖Pixel: 象素Position: 位置Position Fix: 定位Position Format: 位置格式Power-on: 接通电源Pre-amplifier: 前置放大器Prime Meridian: 本初子午线Pseudo-Random Noise Code: 伪随机噪声码Pseudorange: 伪距Rack: 齿条、支架、座、导轨Resolution: 分辨率Route: 航线RS-232: 数据通信串口协议Radio Technical Commission for Maritime Services (RTCM): 航海无线电技术委员会，差分信号格式Selective Availability (SA): 选择可用性Sidetone: 侧音Source: 信号源、辐射体Space Segment: 空间部分Speed Over Ground (SOG): 对地航速Specifcation: 详述、说明书、规格、规范、特性Split Comm: 分瓣通信Squelch:静噪音、静噪电路、静噪抑制电路Statute Mile: 英里(1英里=1,609米)Straight Line Navigation: 直线导航Strobe: 闸门、起滤波作用、选通脉冲、读取脉冲TracBack - 按航迹返航Track-Up Display - 航向向上显示Track (TRK): 航向Transceiver:步话机、收发两用机Transponder: 雷达应答机、（卫星通讯的）转发器、脉冲转发机Transducer: 渔探用探头、传感器Triangulation: 三角测量True North: 真北Turn (TRN): 现时航向和目的地之间的夹角Two-way: 双向的、双路的、双通的Universal Time Coordinated (UTC): 世界协调时间Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM): 通用横轴墨卡托投影U.S.C.G.: 美国海岸警卫队User Interface: 用户自定义界面User Segment: 用户部分Velocity Made Good (VMG): 沿计划航线上的航速Viewing angles: 视角Waypoint: 航路点Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS): 广域差分系统World Geodetic System - 1984(WGS-84): 1984年世界大地坐标系Windshield: 防风玻璃、防风罩Y-Code: 加密的P码Yoke: 架、座、轭、磁轭、磁头组、偏转线圈测量英语专用词汇MA-scope,MA型显示Mach number,马赫数machine code,机器代码machine intelligence,机器智能machine language,机器语言machine type rock ore densimeter,机械式岩矿密度仪macro analysis,常量分析macro instruction,宏指令macro-economic model,宏观经济模型macro-economic system,宏观经济系统macroassembly language,宏汇编语言magnet,磁铁magnet assembly,磁体magnet dynamic instrument,磁式动态仪器magnetic analyzer,磁分析器magnetic balance,磁秤magnetic card,磁卡magnetic core,磁心magnetic damper,磁性阻尼器magnetic deflection,磁偏转magnetic detector for lightning currents,闪电电流磁检示器magnetic disc,磁盘magnetic domain attachment,磁畴附件magnetic drum,磁鼓magnetic field,磁场magnetic field meter,磁场计magnetic field strength transducer[sensor],磁场强度传感器magnetic flaw detection ink,磁悬液magnetic flow transducer,磁性流量传感器magnetic flux transducer[sensor],磁通传感器magnetic grating displacement transducer,磁栅式位移传感器magnetic induced polariaxtion instrument,磁激电仪magnetic locator,磁定位器magnetic logger,磁测井仪magnetic oxygen transducer[sensor],磁式氧传感器magnetic particle,磁粉magnetic particle inspection,磁粉探伤机magnetic potentiometer,磁位计magnetic prospecting instrument,磁法勘探仪器magnetic(quantity)transducer[sensor],磁（学量）传感器magnetic resistivity instrument,磁电阻率仪magnetic resistor,磁敏电阻器magnetic rotaion comparison,磁旋比magnetic scale width meter[gauge],磁栅式宽度计magnetic screen[shield],磁屏蔽magnetic sensor,磁传感器magnetic separator,磁性分选仪magnetic storage,磁存储器magnetic susceptibility logger,磁化率测井仪magnetic tape,磁带magnetic tape unit,磁带机magnetic widn,磁风magnetization method,磁化方法magnetizer,充磁机magnetizing,磁化magnetizing assembly,磁化装置magnetizing coil,磁化线圈magnetizing current,磁化电流magnetizing time,磁化时间magneto electric balance,电磁天平magneto sensor,磁敏元件magnetoelastic effect,压磁效应magnetoelastic force transducer,磁弹性式力传感器magnetoelastic rolling force measuring instrument,磁弹性式轧制力测量仪magnetoelastic tensiometer,磁弹性式张力计magnetoelastic torque measuring instrument,磁弹性式转矩测量仪magnetoelastic torque transducer,磁弹性式转矩传感器magnetoelastic weighing cell,磁弹性式称重传感器magnetoelectric phase difference torque measuring instrument, 磁电相位差式转矩测量仪magnetoelectric phase difference torque transducer,磁电相位差林转矩传感器magnetoelectric tachometer,磁电式转速表magnetoelectric tachometric transducer,磁电式转速传感器magnetoelectric velocity measuring instrument,磁电工速度测量仪magnetoelectric velocity transducer,磁电式速度传感器magnetometer,磁强计；磁力仪magneto-optical effect magnetometer,磁阻磁强计magnetoresistive magentomenter,磁致伸缩磁力仪magnetostriction testing meter,磁致伸缩测试仪magnetostrictive transducer,磁致伸缩振动器magnetreater,磁处理机magentrol,磁放大器magnification,放大倍率magnitude-frequency characteristics,幅频特性magnitude margin,幅值裕度；幅值裕量magnitude-phase characteristics,幅相特性main axle of penetrator,压头主轴main storage,主存储器main valve,主阀maintainalbility,可维修性；可维护性；维修性；维修度maintenance,维修；维护maintenance test,维护试验major loop,主回路management decision,管理决策management information system(MIS),管理信息系统management level,管理级management science,管理科学manager,管理站Manchester encoding,曼彻斯特编码mandatory standard,强制性标准manipulated variable,操纵变量man-machice communication,人机通信man-machine coordination,人机控制man-machine coordination,人机协调man-machine interaction,人机交互man-machine interface,人机界面man-machine system,人机系统manned submersible,载人潜水器manometer,压力计manual control,手动控制manual data input programming,手动数据输入编程；人工数据输入编程manual operating device,手动装置manual operating mode,手动运转方式manual scanning,手动扫查manual station,手动操作器manufacturing automation protocol(MAP),制造自动化协议；生产自动化协议manufacturing message service(MMS),加工制造报文服务mapping,页面寻址；面分布图marine barometer,船用气压表marine digital seismic apparatus,海洋数字地震仪marine flux-gate magnetometer,海洋地球物理勘探marine gravimeter,海洋重力仪marine gravimeteric survey,海洋重力测量marine instrument,船用仪器仪表marine optical pumping magnetometer,海洋光泵磁力仪marine proton gradiometer,海洋质子梯度仪marine proton magnetometer,海洋质子磁力仪marine proton precession magnetometer,海洋质子磁力仪marine seismic prospectiong,海洋地震勘探marine seismic streamer,海洋地夺电缆；拖缆；漂浮电缆marine vibrating-string gravimeter,海洋振弦重力仪mark,标志mark of conformity,合格标志marking,标志marking of an instrument for explosive atmosphere,防爆仪表标志mass,质量mass absorption coefficient,质量吸收系数mass analyzed ion kinetic energy spectrometer(MIKES),质量分析离子动能谱仪mass analyzer,质量分析器mass centering,质量定心mass centering machine,质量定心机mass chromatography(MC),质量色谱法mass decade range,十倍质量程mass discrimination effect,质量歧视效应mass dispersion,质量色散mass flow computer,质量流量计算机mass flow-rate,质量流量mass flow rate senstive detector,质量流量敏感型检测器mass fragmentography(MF),质量碎片谱法mass indicator,质量指示器mass number,质量数mass peak,质量峰mass range,质量范围mass scanning,质量扫描mass spectrograph,质谱仪mass spectrometer,质谱计mass spectometric analysis,质谱法mass spectrometry(MS),质谱学；质谱法mass spectrometry-mass spectrometry(MS-MS),质谱-质谱法mass spectroscope,质谱仪器mass spectroscopy,质谱学mass spectrum,质谱mass-spring system,质量弹簧系统mass stability,质量稳定性mass storage,大容量存储器；海量存储器mass-to-charge ratio,质荷比master file,主文卷master/slave discrimination,主从鉴别；主副鉴别master station,主站master viscometer,标准粘度计material measure,实体量器material processibility,材料工艺性能material tesing machine,材料试验机mathematical model,数学模型mathematical similarity,数学相似mathematical simulation,数字仿真matrix correction,基本修正matrix effect,基体效应matrix printer,点阵印刷机；点阵打印机Mattauch-Herzog geometry(mass spectrograph),马-赫型双聚焦质谱法max allowable continuous working current,最大允许连续工作电流max deflection of linearity,最大线性偏转maximum acceleration,最大加速度maximum allowde deviation,最大允许扁差maximum ballistic scanning,最大冲击拂掠maximum capacity,最大称量maximum cyclic load,最大循环负荷maximum cyclic stress,最大循环应力maximum displacement,最大位移maximum excitation,最大激励maximum floating voltage,最大浮置电压maximum flow-rate,最大流量maximum load of the test,最大试验负荷maximum load of the testing machine,试验机最大负荷maximum operating pressure differential,最大工作压差maximum operationg water depth,最大工作（水）深度maximum output inductance,最大输出电感maximum output resistance,最大输出电阻maximum overshoot,最大超调量maximum peneration power,最大穿透力maximum power supply voltage,最高电源电压maximum principle,极大值原理；最大值原理maximum profit programming,最大利润规划maximum rated circumferential magnetizing current, 额定周向磁化电流；最大周向磁化电流maximum rated force under sinusoidal conditions,正弦态最大激振力maximum revolutions of output shaft,输出轴最大转数maximum scale value,标度终点值maximum sound pressure level of microphone,传声器最高声压级maximum strain,最大应变maximum temperature,最高温度maximum thermometer,最高温度计；最高温度表maximum transverse load,最大横向负荷maximum velocity,最大速度maximum wind speed,最大风速maximum working pressure(MWP),最大工作压力McLeod vacuum gauge,麦氏真空计mean availability,平均轴就流体速度mean dynamic pressure in a cross-section,横截面内的平均动压(mean) effective mavelength,（平均）有效波长mean flow-rate,平均流量mean life,平均寿命mean linear velocity of mobile phase,流动相平均线速mean load,平均负荷mean repair time(MRT),平均修理时间mean squared spectral density,均方谱密度mean strain,平均应变mean stress,平均应力mean time between failures(MTBF),平均失效间隔时间mean time to failure(MTTF),平均失效前时间mean time to restoration,平均体膨胀系数meantime auto-spectrometer,同时式自动光谱仪(measurable)quantity,(可测的）量measurand,被测量measured object,被测对象measured quantiry,被测量(measure)target,（被测）目标measured value,被测值measured variable,被测变量measurement,测量measurement hardware,测量硬件measurement of directional response pattern,指向性响应图案测量measurement of exciting force,激振力的测量measurement of vibration quantity,振动量的测量measurement procedure,测量步骤measurement signal,测量信号measurement standand,测量标准（器）measurement time,测量时间measuring amplifier,测量放大器measuring bridge,测量电桥measuring current transformer,测量用电流互感器measuring distance,测量距离measuring element(of an electro-mechanical measuring instrument), （电-机械测量仪表的）测量机构measuring equipment,测量装置；测量设备measuring hole,测量孔measuring indication system,测量指示装置measuring instrument,测量（仪器）仪表；测量器具measuring instrument with circuit control device,带有电路控制器件的测量仪表measuring junction,测量端区measuring microphone,测试传声器measuring plane,测量平面measuring point for the humidity,湿度测定点measuring point for the temperature,温度测定点(measuring)potentiometer,（测量）电位差计measuring range,测量范围measuring range higher limit,测量范围上限值measuring range lower limit,测量范围下限值measuring section,测量段measuring spark gap,测量球隙measuring system,测量系统measuring terminal,测量端measuring time,测量时间(measuring)transducer,（测量）传感器measuring transducer(with electrical output),（电量输出）测量变换器measuring voltage transformer,测量用电压互感器mechanical bathythermograph(MBT),机械式深温计mechanical hygrometer,机械湿度计mechanical impedance,机械阻抗mechanical properties,机械性能mechanical quantity,机械量mechanical quantity transducer[sensor],力学量传感器mechanical regulator,机械稳速器mechanical resonance,机械共振mechanical resonance frequency of the moving element,运动部件机械共振频率mechanical resonance frequency of the moving element suspension, 运动部件悬挂机械共振频率mechanical runout,机械脱出mechanical sensor,力敏元件mechanical shock,机械冲击mechanical strain,机械应变mechanical structure type transducer[sensor],结构型传感器mechanical test,机械性能试验mechanical testing machine,机械式试验机mechanical top-loading balance,机械式上皿天平mechanical vibration,(机械）振动mechanical vibrator,机械振动器mechanical vibraometer,机械测振仪mechanical zero,机械零位mechanical zero adjuxter,机械零位调节器mechanism model,机理模型medium temperature strain gauge,中温应变计（片）mel,美（音调的单位）melted quartz cqpacitor,熔融石英电容器melting heat,熔解热melting point,熔解点melting point type disposable fever thermeometer,熔点型消耗式温度计memory,存储器memory protection,存储保护Mendeleev weighing,门捷列夫称量法meniscus,弯月面menu selection mode,选单选择式；菜单选择式meroury barometer,水银气压表mercury drop amplitude,汞滴振幅mercury motor meter,水银电机式仪表mercury pool electrode,示池电极mercury thermoneter,水银温度表message,报文message mode,报文方式message switching,报文交换messenger,使锤metal base indicated electrode,金属基指示电极metal-ceramic X-ray tube,金属陶瓷X射线管metal-insoluble salt indicated electrode,金属-难溶盐指示电极metal-oxide gas transducer[sensor],金属氧化物气体传感器metal-oxide humidity transducer[sensor],金属氧化物湿度传感器metal-spring gravimeter,金属弹簧重力仪metallic material testing machine,金属材料试验机metallurgical automation,冶金自动化metastable dceomposition,亚稳分解metastable defocussing,亚稳去聚焦metastable ion,亚稳离子metastable scanning,亚稳扫描meteorograph,气象计meteorological instrument,气象仪器meteorological observation,气象观测meteorological radar,气象雷达meteorological rocket,气象火箭meteorological satellite,气象卫星meteorological tower,气象塔meter,计；表meter electrodes,测量电极meter flow-rate,仪表流量meter for testing constant current fluxreset curve,恒流磁通回归曲线测试仪meter tube(of an electromagnetic flowmeter),（电磁流量计的）测量管meter wheel,绳索记数器meter with maximum demand indicator,最大需量电度表meters(for the measurement of the volume of fluids),（测量流体体积的）仪表meters for measuring amplitude by a reading microscope,读数显微镜测振幅法method for measuring amplitude by a wedge gauge,量楔测振幅法method of coreection,校正方法method of electron diffraction,电子衍射法method of field emission microscope(FEM),场发射显微镜法method of field parameter measurement,场参数测量法meteod of instability,不稳定法method of least squqres,最小二乘方法method of measurement,测量方法method of modal balancing,振型平衡法method of spot parameter measurement,点参数测量法method standard,方法标准metrological performance,计量性能mica capacitor,云母电容器imcro adsorption detector,微量吸附检测器micro analysis,微量分析micro balance,微量天平micro coulometric detector,微库仑检测器microbarograph,微（气）压计microbarometer,微压表microcomputer,微（型）计算机microcomputer alternating current resistivity instrument,微机化交流电阻率仪器micro-computer field measuring system,微电脑野外检测系统microcomputer induced polarization instrument,微机激电仪micro-densitometer,微密度计micro-economic model,微观经济模型micro-economic system,微观经济系统micro-heat of adsorption detector,微量吸附热检测器micro-packed column,微填充柱microhardness number,显微硬度值micrometer,测微器micrometer checker,千分表检查仪microphone,传声器microphone calibration apparatus,传声器械校准仪microphone protection grid,传声器保护罩microphone response frequency,传声器共振频率microphone stand,传声器架microphone temperature coefficient,传声器温度系数microphotometer,测微光度计micropluviometer,微雨量器microtome,超薄切片机microwave,微波microwave detecton apparatus,微波检测仪microwave distance method,微波探伤法microwave distance meter,微波测距仪microwave hygroscope,微波测湿仪microwave plasma detector,微波等离子体检测器microwave radar,微波雷达microwave radiometer,微波辐射计microwave remote sensing,微波遥感micro-wave scatterometer,微波散射计microwave thickness meter,微波厚度计mid infrared range(MIR) remote sensing,中红外遥感minimum achievable residual unbalance,最小可达剩余不平衡量minimum cyclic load,最小循环应力minimum detectable leak,最小可检漏量minimum detectable partial pressure,最小可检分压强minimum flow-rate,最小流量minmum load of the testing machine,试验机最小负荷minimum operationg pressure differential,最小工作压差minimum phase system,最小相位系统minimum positioning time,最小定位时间minimum power supply voltage,最低电源电压minimum rate of benefit,最低收益率minimum reserve,最低储备iminmum risk estimation,最小风险估计minimum scale value,标度始点值minimum strain,最小应变minimum temperature,最低温度minimum thermometer,最低温度计；最低温度表minimum variance estimation,最小方差估计mining compass,矿山罗盘仪mirror dial,镜大幅度盘mirror telescope,反射望远镜mixing length,混合长度mixing ratio,混合比mobile phase,流动相mobile weather station,流动气象站mobile X-ray detection apparatus,移动式X射探伤机modal aggregation,模态集结modal control,模态控制modal matrix,模态矩阵modal transformation,模态变换mode of vibration,振型；振动模态mode shape,振形model,模型；型号model accuracy,模型精确度model analysis,模型分析model base(MB),模型库model base management system(MBMS),模型库管理系统model checking,模型置信度model coordination method,模型协调法model decomposition,模型分解model design,模型设计model evaluation,模型评价model experiment,模型实验model fidelity,模型逼真度model following control system,模型跟踪控制系统model following controller,模型跟踪控制器model loading,模型装载model modification,模型修改model of strain gauge,应变计[片]型式model reduction,模型降价model reduction method,模型降价法model reference adaptive control system,模型参考适应控制系统model reference control system,模型参考控制系统model simplification,模型简化model transformation,模型变换model validation,模型确认model variable,模型变量model verification,模型验证modeling,建模modern control theory,现代控制理论modern polarography,近代极谱法modifiability,可修改性modular programming,模块化程序设计modularity,组合性modularization,模块化modulation,调制modulation analysis,调制分析modulation sideband,调制边带modulator,调制器modulator-demodulator;modem,调制解调器module,模块modulus of elasticity,弹性模量moire fringe,莫尔条纹moire frenge grating,莫尔条纹光栅moisture content,含湿量；水汽含量moisture sensor,湿敏元件molecular absorption spectrometry,分子吸收光谱法molecular beam mass spectrometer,调制分子束质谱计molecular spectrum,分子光谱molecule ion,分子离子moment,分矩moment of pendulum,摆锤力矩monitoring,监视monitoring hardware,监视硬件monitoring program,监督程序monochromatic radiation,单色辐射monochromator,单色仪monocolour radiation,单色辐射monopole mass spectrometer,单极质谱计most economic control(MEC),最经济控制most economic observing(MEO),最经济观测mould growth test,长霉试验mould test chamber,霉菌试验箱mouldproof packaging,防霉包装mountain barometer,高山气压表mouse,鼠标器movable cross-beam,移动横梁movement,传动机构moving band interface,传送带接口moving coil,动圈moving ciol galvanometer,动圈式[磁电系]检流计moving-coil microphone,动圈传声器moving-conductor microphone,电动传声器moving element,运动部件；可动部分moiving-iron instrument,动铁式[电磁系）仪表moving-megnet galvanometer,动磁系振动子moving-magnet instrument,动磁式仪表moving point device,移点器moving-scale instrument,动标度尺式仪表moving table,滑台MS-MS scanning,质谱—质谱法扫描mud flow meter,泥浆流量计mud hydrometer,泥浆比重计mud logger,泥浆电阻仪mud lubrification meter,泥浆润滑性测定仪mud resistance meter,泥浆电阻仪mud sand content meter,泥浆含砂量测定仪mud wavter loss meter,泥浆失水量测定仪multi-axial strain gauge,多轴应变计multi band seismograph,多频带地震仪multichannel analyzer,多道分析器multichannel cross correlation,多通道互相关multi-channel logging truck,多线式自动测井仪；测井站multi-channel photo-recorder,多线照相记录仪multi-channel pulse height analyzer,多道脉冲高度分析仪multi-channel X-ray spectrometer,多道X射线光谱仪multi collectors mass spectrometer,多接收器质谱计multi-colour radiation thermometer,多色辐射温度计multi-colour thermometry,多色测温法multi-core type current transformer,多铁心型电流互感器multi crystal thermistor,多昌热敏电阻器multi-frequeny channel ground detector,多频道地电仪multi-runction(measuring)instrument,多功能（测量）仪表multi-function transducer[sensor],多功能传感器multi-idler belt conveyor scale,多托辊电子皮带秤multi-input multi-output control system;MIMO control system,多输入多输出控制系统multi-path diagonal-beam ultrasonic flowmeter,多声道斜束式超声流量计multi-plane balancing,多面平衡multi-objective decision,多目标决策multi-plate trim,多层叠板工节流组件multi-range(measuring)instrument,多范围（测量）仪表multi-rate meter,复费率电度表mulit-scale(measuring)instrument,多标度尺（测量）仪表mulit-stage accelerating electron gun,多极加速电子枪multistage flash distillation method for desalination,多级闪急蒸馏淡化法multi-step action,多位作用multi-step controller,多位控制器multi-turn electric actuator,多转电动执行机构multi-user simulation,多用户仿真multidimensional gas chromatograph,多维气相色谱仪multidimensional gas chromatography,多维气相色谱法multilayer control,多层控制multilayer system,多层系统multilevel computer control system,多级计算机控制系统multilevel control,多级控制multievel coordination,多级协调multilevel decision,多级决策multievel process,多级过程multilevel system,多级系统multilink,多链路multiloop control,多回路控制multiloop control system,多回路控制系统multiloop controller,多回路控制器multimeter,万用电表multiple channel recorder,多通道记录仪multiple echo method,多次反射法multiple-jet water meter,多注束水表multiple scattering event,多重散射过程multiple-sensor cross correlation,多传感器互相关multiple-speed floationg action,多速无定位作用multiple-speed floation controller,多速无定位控制器multiple step plug,多级阀芯multiple tide staff,群验潮杆；水尺组multiplex link,复用链路multiplexer,多路转换器；多路转接器multiplexing,多路复用multipoint connection,多点连接multipoint network,多点网络multipoint recorder,多点记录仪multiprocessing,多道处理；多处理机multiprogramming,多道程序设计multiprojecting plotter,多位投影测图仪multisegment model,多段模型multispectral camera,多光谱照相机multispectral scanner(MSS),多光谱扫描仪multistage decision process,多段决策过程multistate logic,多态逻辑multistratum control,多段控制multistratum system,多段系统multivariable control system,多变量控制系统。

测绘工程专业英语考试重点Geomatic测绘学Geosciences地球科学Geodesy大地测量学Cadastral surveying地籍测量Geodetic surveying 大地测量Marine survey 海洋测量Geological survey 地质测量Control survey 控制测量Horizontal survey 水平测量Vertical survey 高程测量Topographic survey 地形测量Tacheometry 视距测量Contour等高线Chart图表Fieldwork外业Officework内业Elevation高程Basic point 基准点Benchmark 水准基点Stations 测站Geoid 水准面Vertical垂直Theodolite经纬仪Monumentation埋石Latitude纬度Longitude经度Prime meridian 本初子午线Gravity field 重力场Curvature 曲率Fixed error 固定误差Proportionnal error 比例误差Multiplication constant 乘常数Angle 角度Zenith distance 天顶距Circle 度盘Azimuth方位角Triangulation 三角测量Traversing 导线测量Triangulateration 边角测量Control network 控制网Forward intersection 前方交会Resection 后方交会Side intersection 侧方交会Traverse angle 导线折角Open traverse 支导线Close traverse 闭合导线Close loop traverse闭合环导线Connecting traverse 符合导线Coordinate increment坐标增量Trigonometric leveling 三高程测量Horizontal 水平距Rod plate 尺垫Coordinates 坐标系Geodetic 大地基准Origin 原点Parameter 参数Map projection 地图投影Equidistant projection等距投影Equivalent projection 等积投影Orthographic projection 正射投影Differential correction 差分改正Real time kinematicRTK实动定位Cartograph制图学Raster 栅格光栅Embed 嵌入Resolution 分辨率Data classification 数据分类Topological relationship 拓扑关系aerial photogrammetry 航空摄测量Remote sensing 遥感InSAR干涉合成孔径雷达Prism 棱镜Blunder/gross error 粗差Index error 指标差Standard deviation 标准差Mean square error中误差Calibrate 校准Normal equation 法方程Space segment 空间部分--------------------------settlement observation 沉陷观测deflection observation 挠度观测property line survey 建筑红线放样cross-section survey 横断面测量geoid undulation 大地水准面差距orthometric height 正高very long baseline interferometry甚长基线干涉测量connecting traverse 附合导线zenith distance 天顶距hydrographic survey 水道测量工程测量engineering survey施工放样construction layout orsetting-out survey竣工测量as-built survey参考椭球reference ellipsoid 参考卫星激光测距satellite laserranging(SLR)重力场gravity field测量平差adjustment ofobservation or survey adjustment多余观测redundant observation点位中误差mean square error ofa point粗差检验gross error detection自动目标识别automatic targetrecognition(ATR水准尺level lod平面控制网horizontal controlnetwork地籍测量cadastral surveying orproperty survey1. Surveying is the art of making such measurements of the relative positions of points on the surface of the earth that, on drawing them to scale, natural and artificial features may be exhibited in their correct horizontal or vertical relationships.测量是测定地面上各点的相对位置，以便根据它们之间正确的水平或竖直关系，按比例展示出天然地物和人工地物的一种技术。

第一单元What is Geomatics?GEODESY+GEOINFORMATICS=GEOMATICS or GEO- for earth and –MATICS for mathematical or GEO- for Geoscience and -MATICS for informatics. （大地测量学＋地理信息学＝GEOMATICS测绘学或者 geo代表地球，matics代表数学，或者 geo代表地球科学，matics 代表信息学）As such, geomatics bridges wide arcs from the geosciences through various engineering sciences and computer sciences to spatial planning, land development and the environmental sciences.（这样，测绘学在地球科学，各种工程学，计算机科学，空间规划，土地开发和环境科学相The term geomatics is a recent creation to convey the true collective and scientific nature of these related activities and has the flexibility to allow for the incorporation of future technological developments in these fields.（geomatics这个术语是个新词，表达【convey传达】了实体集合和它们相关联【related】的活动的自然科学，并使这些领域的未来技术发展的结合【incorporation 结合】成为可能。

【flexibility弹性、机动性】）互之间架起了广泛的桥梁。

01 总类01.001 测绘学surveying and mapping, SM01.002 中华人民共和国测绘法Law of Surveying and Mapping of the People's Republic of China01.003 测绘标准standards of surveying and mapping01.004 测量规范specifications of surveys01.005 地形图图式topographic map symbols01.006 大地测量学geodesy01.007 地球形状earth shape, figure of the earth01.008 重力基准网gravity standard network01.009 重力场gravity field01.010 地心坐标系geocentric coordinate system01.011 地球椭球earth ellipsoid01.012 大地原点geodetic origin01.013 水准原点leveling origin01.014测量标志survey mark01.015 测量觇标observation target01.016 高程基准height datum01.017 1954年北京坐标系Beijing geodetic coordinate system195401.018高程系统height system01.019平均海[体]面mean sea level01.020黄海平均海[水]面Huanghai mean sea level01.021海拔height above sea level01.022海军导航卫星系统Navy Navigation Satellite System，NNSS01.023 NA VSTAR全球定位系统NA VSTAR Global Positioning System，NA VSTAR GPS 01.024惯性测量系统inertial surveying system，ISS01.025摄影测量与遥感学photogrammetry and remote sensing01.026航空摄影测量aerophotogrammetry, aerial photogrammetry01.027航天摄影测量（又称“太空摄影测量”）space photogrammetry01.028非地形摄影测量non-topographic photogrammetry01.029水下摄影测量underwater photogrammetry01.030航空航天摄影aero—space photogrammetry01.031航空遥感aerial remote sensing01.032航天遥感space remote sensing01.033图像image01.034影像image, imagery01.035图形Graphics01.036判读（又称“判释”、“解译”）interpretation01.037模拟摄影测量analog photogrammetry01.038解析摄影测量analytical photogrammetry, numerical photogrammetry01.039 数字摄影测量digital photogrammetry01.040数字地图模型（又称“数值地型”）digital terrain model, DTM01.041遥感图象处理image processing of remote sensing01.042遥感模式识别pattern recognition of remote sensing01.043地图制图学（又称“地图学”）cartography01.044地理坐标网geographic graticule01.045经纬网fictitious graticule01.046方里网kilometer grid01.047邻带方里网grid of neighboring zone01.048坐标格网coordinate grid01.049地理坐标参考系geographical reference system，GEOREF01.050地图map01.051地形图topographic map01.052平面图plan01.053普通地图general map01.054专题地图thematic map01.055地图集atlas01.056地球仪globe01.057地图规范map specifications01.058地图生产map production01.059地图投影map projection01.060地图编制（又称“编图”）map compilation01.061地图复制map reproduction01.062地图印刷map printing01.063地图利用map use01.064地图量算cartometry01.065机助地图制图computer-aided cartography，computer-assisted cartography, CAC 01.066自动化制图automatic cartography01.067自动绘图automatic plotting01.068图形显示graphic display01.069遥感制图remote sensing mapping01.070地名学toponomastics, toponymy01.071地名geographical name, place name01.072工程测量学engineering surveying01.073比例尺scale01.074基本比例尺basic scale01.075等高线contour01.076等高距contour interval01.077测量平差survey adjustment，adjustment of observations01.078精度估计precision estimation01.079精［密］度precision01.080准确度accuracy01.081偶然误差accident error01.082系统误差systematic error01.083粗差gross error01.084常差constant error01.085多余观测redundant observation01.086闭合差closing error, closure01.087限差tolerance01.088相对误差relative error01.089绝对误差absolute error01.090中误差mean square error01.091误差椭圆error ellipse01.092边长中误差mean square error of side length01.093测角中误差mean square error of angle observation01.094方位角中误差mean square error of azimuth01.095坐标中误差mean square error of coordinate01.096点位中误差mean square error of a point01.097高程中误差mean square error of height01.098国土基础信息系统land base information system01.099大地控制数据库geodetic data base01.100重力数据库gravimetric data base01.101地形数据库topographic data base01.102地理信息系统geographical information system，GIS01.103地图数据库map data base01.104地图数据库管理系统cartographic data base management system01.105地名数据库place-name data base01.106地籍信息系统cadastral information system01.107土地信息系统land information system，LIS01.108制图专家系统cartographic expert system01.109海洋测绘hydrographic surveying and charting01.110测绘仪器instrument of surveying and mapping01.111大地测量仪器geodetic instrument01.112测距仪distance measuring instrument，rangefinder01.113重力仪gravimeter01.114定位系统positioning system01.115摄影测量仪器photogrammetric instrument01.116立体测图仪stereoplotter01.117数字摄影测量工作站digital photogrammetric station01.118全数字化自测图系统full digital automatic mapping system01.119图形输入设备graphic input unit01.120图形输出设备graphic output unit01.121中国测绘学会Chinese Society of Surveying and Mapping，CSSM01.122国际测绘联合会International Union of Surveying and Mapping，IUSM01.123国际测量师联合会Federation Internationale des Geometres，FIG（法语）01.124国际大地测量学与地球物理学International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics，IUGG01.125国际大地测量学协会International Association of Geodesy IAG01.126国际摄影测量与遥感学会International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing，ISPRS01.127国际地图学协会International Cartographic Association，ICA01.128 国际海道测量组织International Hydrography Organization, IHO02 大地测量学02.001大地测量geodetic surveying02.002几何大地测量学geometric geodesy02.003椭球面大地测量学ellipsoidal geodesy02.004大地天文学geodetic astronomy02.005物理大地测量学(又称“大地重力学”) physical geodesy02.006空间大地测量学space geodesy02.007卫星大地测量学satellite geodesy02.008动力大地测量学dynamic geodesy02.009海洋大地测量学marine geodesy02.010月面测量学lunar geodesy，selenodesy02.011行星测量学planetary geodesy02.012天文大地网(又称“国家大地网”)astro--geodetic network02.013参考椭球reference ellipsoid02.014贝塞尔椭球Bessel ellipsoid02.015海福德椭球Hayford ellipsoid02.016克拉索夫斯基椭球Krasovsky ellipsoid02.017参考椭球定位orientation of reference ellipsoid02.018大地基准geodetic datum02.019大地坐标系geodetic coordinate system02.020弧度测量arc measurement02.021拉普拉斯方位角Laplace azimuth02.022拉普拉斯点Laplace point02.023三角测量triangulation02.024三角点triangulation point02.025三角锁triangulation chain02.026三角网triangulation network02.027图形权倒数weight reciprocal of figure02.028菲列罗公式Ferreros formula02.029施赖伯全组合测角法Schreiber method in all combinations 02.030方向观测法method of direction observation，method by series 02.031测回observation set02.032归心元素elements of centering02.033归心改正correction for centering02.034水平折光差(又称“旁折光差”) h orizontal refraction error02.035基线测量base measurement02.036基线baseline02.037基线网base network02.038精密导线测量precise traversing02.039三角高程测量trigonometric leveling02.040三角高程网trigonometric leveling network02.041铅垂线plumb line02.042天顶距zenith distance02.043高度角elevation angle，altitude angle02.044垂直折光差vertical refraction error02.045垂直折光系数vertical refraction coefficient02.046国家水准网national leveling network02.047精密水准测量Precise leveling02.048水准面level surface02.049高程height02.050正高orthometric height02.051正常高normal height02.052力高dynamic height02.053地球位数geopotential number02.054水准点benchmark02.055水准路线leveling line02.056跨河水准测量river－crossing leveling02.057椭球长半径major radius of ellipsoid02.058椭球扁率flattening of ellipsoid02.059椭球偏心率eccentricity of ellipsoid02.060子午面meridian plane02.061子午圈meridian02.062卯酉圈prime vertical02.063平行圈parallel circle02.064法截面normal section02.065子午圈曲率半径radius of curvature in meridian02.066卯酉圈曲率半径radius of curvature in prime vertical02.067平均曲率半径mean radius of curvature02.068大地线geodesic02.069大地线微分方程differential equation of geodesic02.070大地坐标geodetic coordinate02.071大地经度geodetic longitude02.072大地纬度geodetic latitude02.073大地高geodetic height，ellipsoidal height02.074大地方位角geodetic azimuth02.075天文大地垂线偏差astro—geodetic deflection of the vertical02.076垂线偏差改正correction for deflection of the vertical02.077标高差改正correction for skew normals02.078截面差改正correction from normal section to geodetic02.079大地主题正解direct solution of geodetic problem02.080大地主题反解inverse solution of geodetic problem02.081高斯中纬度公式Gauss mid—latitude formula02.082贝塞尔大地主题解算公式Bessel formula for solution of geodetic problem 02.083高斯一克吕格投影Gauss－Kruger projection又称“高斯投影”。

测绘专业英语词汇及名词解释测绘学：geomatics， surveying and mapping， SM；研究与地球有关的基础空间信息的采集、处理、显示、管理、利用的科学与技术。

中华人民共和国测绘法：Surveying and Mapping Law of the People's Republic of China；我国关于测绘的基本法律，是从事测绘活动和进行测绘管理的基本准则和基本依据。

测绘标准：standards of surveying and mapping；由主管部门颁发的关于测绘技术方法、产品质量、品种规格、地图表示等统一规定的技术文件。

测量规范：specifications of surveys；对测量产品的质量、规格以及测量作业中的技术事项所作的统一规定。

地形图图式：topographic map symbols；对地图上地物、地貌符号的样式、规格、颜色、使用以及地图注记和图廓整饰等所作的统一规定。

大地测量学：geodesy；研究和确定地球的形状、大小、重力场、整体与局部运动和地表面点的几何位置以及它们的变化的理论和技术的学科。

地球形状：earth， shape， figure of the earth；地球自然表面的形状或大地水准面的形状。

重力基准：gravity datum；重力的起算值和尺度因子。

重力场：gravity field；地球重力作用的空间。

在该空间中，每一点都有惟一的一个重力矢量与之相对应。

地心坐标系：geocentric coordinate system；以地球质心或几何中心为原点的坐标系。

地球椭球：earth ellipsoid；近似表示地球的形状和大小，并且其表面为等位面的旋转椭球。

大地原点：geodetic origin；大地坐标的起算点。

水准原点：leveling origin；高程起算的基准点。

测量标志：survey mark；标定地面测量控制点位置的标石、觇标以及其他用于测量的标记物的通称。

absolute error 绝对误差absolute orientation 绝对定向absorptance 吸收active microwave sensors主动微波遥感传感器active remote sensing 主动式遥感addition constant加常数adjusted value 平差值adjustment of correlated observation 相关平差adjustment of observations, survey adjustment测量平差adjustment of typical figures典型图形平差aerial photogrammetry航空摄影测量aerial photography 航空摄影flight altitude 航高aerial triangulation空中三角测量airborne laser mapping机载激光测图airborne laser sounding机载激光探测airborne laser terrain mapping(ALTM)机载激光地形测图airborne sensor机载遥感器analogue photogrammetry 模拟摄影测量analytical aerotriangulation 解析空中三角测量analytical photogrammetry 解析摄影测量analytical plotter 解析测图仪angle closing error of traverse导线角度闭合差annexed leveling line 附和水准路线approximate adjustment近似平差argument of latitude 升交角距artificial earth satellite人造地球卫星ascending node 升交点astronomic positioning 天文定位atomic clock 原子钟attribute data 属性数据automatic aerial triangulation 自动空中三角测量automatic level，compensator level 自动安平水准仪automatic target recognition（ATR）目标自动识别average error 平均误差backsight(BS)后尺barometric leveling 气压水准测量block adjustment 区域网平差BM（benchmark）水准基点broadcast ephemeris 广播星历CCD camera CCD摄影机CCD(charge-coupled device)电荷耦合器件celestial body 天体circular encoders编码度盘clock error 钟差closed leveling line闭合水准路线closed loop traverse 闭合环导线closed traverse 闭合导线close-range photogrammetry近景摄影测量closing error in coordinate increment 坐标增量闭合差Coarse/Acquisition Code C/A码collimation line method 视准线法combined adjustment 联合平差command tracking station (CTS) 指令跟踪站computer graphics计算机图形学condition adjustment with parameters 附参数条件平差conditional adjustment 条件平差conditional equation 条件方程connecting traverse 附和导线constant error 常差control network 控制网control point控制点control segment 控制部分control survey 控制测量covariance function 协方差函数crust deformation measurement地壳变形观测crustal deformation 地壳变形crustal motion 地壳运动data capture 数据采集data classification 数据分类data compression 数据压缩data recorder 电子手簿data transfer 数据转换data transmission 数据转换deflection observation 挠度观测deformation monitoring(observation)变形监测depression angle 仰角detail survey 碎部测量differential correction 差分改正differential GPS (DGPS) 差分GPSdifferential interferometry差分干涉测量differential leveling微差水准测量digital elevation model(DEM)数字高程模型digital image processing 数字图像处理digital image数字图像digital orthoimage数字正射影像digital orthophoto map数字正射影像图digital photogrammetry数字摄影测量digital surface model(DSM) 数字表面模型digital terrain model(DTM)数字地面模型direct adjustment 直接平差direct leveling，spirit leveling 几何水准测量direct plummet observation 正垂线观测displacement observation 位移观测distance measurement 距离测量distance measuring instrument，rangefinder测距仪distance-measuring error 测距误差dual-frequency 双频earth tide 地球潮汐earth’s flattening 地球扁率EDM（electronic distance measurement）电子测距仪electromagnetic distance measuring instrument 电磁波测距仪electromagnetic radiation电磁辐射electromagnetic spectrum电磁波谱仪electronic level 电子水准仪electronic theodolite电子经纬仪electro-optical distance measuring instrument 光电测距仪elevation angle 高度角elevation difference 高差elevation of sight视线高程error distribution误差分布error ellipse误差椭圆error of closure，closing error，closure 闭合差error of focusing调焦误差error propagation，propagation of error 误差传播error test 误差检验ESA：European Space Agency 欧空局expectation，expected value 期望值figure of the earth 地球形状fissure observation 裂缝观测fixed error 固定误差foresight(FS)前尺forward intersection 前方交会full digital photogrammetry 全数字摄影测量functional model 函数模型GALILEO Control Center(GCC)伽利略控制中心GALILEO伽利略系统Gaussian distribution 高斯分布geodesy 大地测量学geodetic astronomy 大地天文学geodetic azimuth 大地方位角geodetic instrument 大地测量仪器geodetic network 大地网geodetic surveying 大地测量geodimeter 光速测距仪geographic information communication 地理信息传输geographic information system （GIS）geoidal undulation大地水准面高geological survey 地质测量geomatics 测绘学geometric geodesy 几何大地测量学geo-robot 测量机器人geo-synchronous satellite 地球同步卫星Global Navigational Satellite System(GNSS) 全球导航卫星系统global positioning system（GPS）GLONASS(global navigation satellite system) 全球导航卫星系统(俄)GPS constellation GPS星座GPS receiver GPS接收机gravimetric deflection 重力偏差gravimetric leveling 重力水准测量gravity field 重力场gray value 灰度值grey level 灰度级grid bearing 坐标方位角gross error detection粗差检验gross error 粗差ground-based control complex (GCC) 地面控制部分gyro azimuth 陀螺方位角gyroscopic theodolite 陀螺经纬仪height of instrument(HI)仪器高height of target(HT)目标高homologous points 同名点homologous ray 同名射线horizontal angle 水平角horizontal circle 水平度盘horizontal control network 平面控制网horizontal refraction error 水平折光误差horizontal survey 水平测量Huanghai vertical datum of 1956 1956黄海高程系统hydrographic survey水道测量image analysis 图像分析image coding 图像编码image correlation 影像相关image data 图像数据image description 图像描述image digitization图像数字化image enhancement 图像增强image fusion 影像融合image horizon 像地平线，合线image matching影像匹配image mosaicing 影像镶嵌image overlaying图像重合image point 像点image processing 图像处理image quality影像质量image recognition 图像识别image rectification影像纠正image resolution 图像分辨率image restoration图像复原image segmentation 图像分割image transformation 图像变换image understanding 图像理解inclination angle 倾角index error of vertical circle 竖盘指标差index of precision 精度指标indirect adjustment 间接平差inertial reference system惯性参考系统infrared EDM instrument 红外测距仪instrument of geomatics engineering 测绘仪器instrumental error 仪器误差intensity value 强度值interferogram fringe 相干条纹interferometry SAR 干涉雷达interferometry干涉测量internal orientation 内定向inverse of weight matrix 权逆阵inverse plummet observation 倒垂线观测ionospheric delay 电离层延迟land management 土地管理land survey （survey，boundary survey ，cadastral survey）地籍测量laser distance measuring instrument，laser ranger 激光测距仪laser level 激光水准仪laser transmitter激光发射器law of probability概率论least squares collocation最小二乘配置法least squares method 最小二乘法least-squares adjustment最小二乘平差level rod 水准尺level 水准仪LIDAR(Light Detection And Ranging)激光探测和测距limit error极限误差linear intersection边交会法linear-angular intersection边角交会法local navigation satellite system 区域导航卫星系统long-range EDM instrument 远程电子测距仪lunar laser ranging(LLR)激光测月magnetic azimuth 磁方位角marine survey 海洋测量master control station 主控站mean square error of a point点位中误差mean square error of angle observation 测角中误差mean square error of azimuth 方位角中误差mean square error of coordinate 坐标中误差mean square error of height高程中误差mean square error of side length 边长中误差mean square error(MSE)中误差Medium Earth Orbit(MEO)中地球轨道method by series，method of direction observation 方向观测法method in all combinations 全组合测角法method of laser alignment 激光准直法method of tension wire alignment 引张线法microwave distance measuring instrument 微波测距仪mine survey 矿山测量mining subsidence observation 开采沉陷观测minor angle method 小角度法monitor station 监控站most probable value(MPV)最或然值multipath effect 多路径效应multiplication constant 乘常数multiresolution 多分辨率multisensor 多传感器multispectral scanner 多谱段扫描仪multitemporal多时相national vertical datum of 1985 1985国家高程基准navy navigation satellite system(NNSS)海军导航卫星系统nominal accuracy 标准精度normal distribution正态分布normal equation 法方程normal error distribution curve 正态误差分布曲线normal random variable 正态随机变量oblique observation，tilt observation 倾斜观测observation equation 观测方程observation error 观测误差observation of slope stability 边坡稳定性观测open traverse 支导线optical image 光学影像optical level光学水准仪optical plummet光学对中器optical theodolite光学经纬仪orthophoto正射像片parameter adjustment with condition附条件间接平差parametric adjustment 参数平差passive microwave sensing 被动微波遥感passive positioning system 被动式定位系统passive remote sensing 被动式遥感personal error 人为误差phase unwrapping相位解缠photo tilt 像片倾斜photogrammetry摄影测量学photographic principal distance 摄影主距photographic scale 摄影比例尺physical geodesy 物理大地测量学picture element/pixel 像素pipe survey管道测量place-name database地名数据库plane surveying 平面测量plane table photogrammetry平板摄影测量planetary geodesy行星大地测量学polar motion 极移position and orientation system(POS)定位与定向系统positive positioning system 主动式定位系统post- processed differential correction 后处理差分改正precise alignment 精密准直precise code 精码precise ephemeris 精密星历precise positioning service(PPS) 精密定位服务precise ranging 精密测距probability density function 概率密度函数probable error 或然误差proportional error 比例误差pseudorange 伪码quasi-stable adjustment 拟稳平差radar altimeter 雷达测高仪radar overlay 雷达覆盖区radar remark 雷达指向标radar responder雷达感应器radiometer辐射计random error，accident error随机(偶然误差) rank defect adjustment秩亏平差raster data 栅格数据real-time differential correction 实时差分改正real-time kinematic(RTK)实时动态定位receiver antenna 接收机天线redundant observation 多余观测reference datum 参考基准面reference receiver 基准接收机reflectance反射reflecting stereoscope 反光立体镜refraction correction折光差改正relative error相对误差relative orientation相对定向remote controller远距离遥控器remote sensing 遥感remote sensor 遥感器resection 后方交会rigorous adjustment 严密平差river-crossing leveling跨河水准测量robotic (motorized) total station 智能型全站仪rotating mirror 旋镜route survey 路线测量roving receiver 流动接收机SAR(synthetic aperture radar)合成孔径雷达satellite clock 卫星钟satellite geodesy 卫星大地测量学satellite laser ranger 卫星激光测距仪satellite laser ranging(SLR)卫星激光测距satellite positioning 卫星定位satellite-to-satellite tracking 卫星跟踪卫星技术scatterometer 散射计scatterometry 散射测量Selective Availability(SA)选择可用性sequential adjustment 序贯平差servo motors 伺服马达settlement(subsidence) observation 沉陷观测side intersection 侧方交会side-looking airborne radar(SLAR)机载侧视雷达sighting distance视距space geodesy 空间大地测量学space segment 空间部分spatial analysis 空间分析spatial data infrastructure 空间数据基础设施spatial data transfer空间数据转换spatial database management空间数据库管理系统spectroradiometer分光辐射计spur leveling line支水准路线stadia addition constant 视距加常数stadia hair 视距丝stadia interval 视距间隔stadia multiplication constant 视距乘常数standard deviation标准差standard field of length 长度标准检定场standard positioning service(SPS) 标准定位服务stereo glasses 立体镜stereocomparator立体坐标测量仪stereopair，stereo photopair 立体像对stochastic model 随机模型survey specifications，specifications of surveys测量规范surveying and mapping 测绘system control center(SCC)系统控制中心systematic error 系统误差terrestrial photogrammetry 地形摄影测量texture analysis 纹理分析theory of error误差理论thermal imager 热像仪thermal infrared detector 红外探测器tolerance 限差topographic survey 地形测量topological relationship 拓扑关系total length closing error of traverse 导线全长闭合差total station 全站仪transmittance传播traverse angle导线折角traverse leg 导线边traverse network 导线网traverse network导线网traverse point 导线点traversing 导线测量triangular irregular network(TIN)不规则三角网triangulateration network边角网triangulation network 三角网triangulation 三角测量trigonometric leveling 三角高程测量trilateration network三边网trilateration 三边测量tropospheric delay 对流层延迟true error 真误差true north 真北two-color laser ranger 双色激光测距仪unbiased estimate无偏估计up-link station 注入站user segment 用户部分variance of unit weight 单位权方差variance-covariance matrix 方差-协方差阵variance-covariance propagation law方差-协方差传播率variance方差vector data 矢量数据vertical angle 竖直角vertical circle垂直度盘vertical control network 高程控制网vertical survey 高程测量very long baseline interferometry(VLBI)甚长基线干涉测量weight coefficient 权系数weight function 权函数weight matrix 权阵weight reciprocal of figure 图形权倒数zenith distance 天顶距。

(完整word)测绘专业英语单词Chapter 1Geomatics 测绘学Surveying 测量学Geodesy 测地学Geosciences 地球科学Surveying and mapping 测绘学Surveying and mapping engineering 测绘工程Geoinformatics 地理信息学Geodetic network 大地控制网Land Surveyor 土地测量员Photogrammetriest 摄影测量员Practitioner 从业者Topographic map 地形图Geographic information system 地理信息系统Aerial photogrammetry 航空摄影测量学Remote sensing 遥感Cartography 地图制图学Computer graphics 计算机图形学Global navigation satellite system GNSSGlobal position system GPS Environmental visualization 环境可视化Geographic information system GIS Geographic referenced information 地理参考信息Landforms 地形Underground geological structure 地下地质构造Hydrology 水文学Mineral resources 矿产资源Topographic maps 地形图Geodynamic phenomena 地球动力学现象Polar motion 极移Crustal motion 地壳运动Earth tides 地球潮汐Sphere 球（体）Spheroid 球体Ellipse 椭圆Ellipsoid 椭圆体，椭球Surveying station 测站Geodetic control points 大地控制点With permanent monuments 永久标志Curved surface 曲面Straight line 直线Plane 平面Precise instrument 精密仪器Reference coordinat e 参考坐标Contour maps 等值线图Three dimensional model 三维模型Analog or digital forms 模拟或数字形式Specialized illustration software 专业插图软件Data acquisition 数据获取Data representation 数据表达Manipulate 处理，操作Data storage 数据存储Data preprocessing 数据预处理Longitude latitude altitude 经度、纬度、高度Regional navigation system 地区导航系统Analog photogrammetry 模拟摄影测量Analytical photogrammetry 解析摄影测量Digital photogrammetry 数字摄影测量Plotter 绘图机Passive remote sensing/active remote sensingFilm photography 胶片Infrared sensors 红外感应Charge coupled devices 电荷耦合器件Radiometer 辐射计Backscattered 反向散射Passive/active sensor/reflector 被动/主动传感器/反射器Henan polytechnic university Geographic data 地理数据Reference spheroid 参考椭球体Curved surface 曲面Analogy form 模拟模式Radio signal 无线信号Laser 激光(完整word)测绘专业英语单词Chapter 2Analog forms 模拟形式Paper plan 平面图Report table 报告表Three dimensional mathematical model 三维数学模型Horizontal and vertical distances 水平距离和垂直距离Determining Elevations 确定高程Direction 方向Location 位置Volume 体积（量）Portray graphically生动描绘Profile/cross section 侧面/横断面Longitudinal section 纵剖面Diagram 图表/示意图Optical theodolite 光学经纬仪Digital level 数字水准仪Electronic Distance Measurement （EDM）Total station 全站仪Aerial photogrammetry 航空摄影Satellite observation 卫星观测Inertial surveying 惯性测量Laser ranging techniques 激光测距技术Large volume of data 大量数据Rigorous processing 严密加工工艺Field/office work 野外/室内工作Conventional construction engineering projects 传统建设工程项目Property surveying 权属调查Geology 地质学 geophysics地球物理biology生物 agriculture 农业forestry 林业 hydrology 水文oceanography 海洋学Geography地理学Distance measurement 距离测量Linear 线性物 non-Spherical earth 球面地Slant 倾斜Tape 卷尺Telescope view望远镜视场electro-optical distance measuring 光电测距Earth gravity field 地球重力场Plume lines 铅垂线plastic tapes 塑料尺Poly tapes 塑料尺Steel types 钢尺Marking pole 花杆marking pin 测杆spring balance 弹簧秤Collimation axis 视准轴plumb bob 铅锤Invar tapes 因瓦尺Coefficient 系数Metric units 米制单位Foot units 英制单位Metric 公制，米制Meter 米Decimeter 分米Centimeter 厘米Minimeter 毫米Kilometer 千米Tacheometry 视距测量Theodolite tacheometryoptical resolutionOrdinary taping 普通丈量Precise taping 精密丈量Thermal expansion 热膨胀fixed-angle intercept截取一个固定角stadia interval factorstadia system 视距系统level rod 水准尺Plane table 平板仪line of sight 视线horizontal stadia principle 水平视距原理stadia interval 视距间隔 factor 常数stadia hairs 视距丝Principle focus 主焦点detail surveys 碎步测量topographic surveys 地形测量Leveling 水准测量electronic distance measurement 电子测距仪Geodimeter Inc光电测距仪公司terrain conditions 地形条件(完整word)测绘专业英语单词Radio waves 无线电波Identical velocities 相同速度Light velocity 光速Vacuum 真空operational range 测距Microwave systems 微波系统Light wave systems 光波系统Infrared systems 红外系统Wavelength band 波段Transmitted signals 传播信号airborne particles 浮尘Traversing 导线测量Precise taping 精密丈量Curvature 曲率Mean sea level MSLPermanent points/benchmarks 基准参照Trigonometric or indirect leveling 三角高程测量direct or spirit leveling 水准测量stadia leveling 视距测量different leveling 差分水准Point in question 待求点self-reducing tacheometer 自降速测仪Barometric leveling 气压高程测量Gravimetric leveling 重力高程测量mutually perpendicular axes Standard deviations 标准差earth curvature and refraction Annexed leveling line 附和水准路线spur leveling line 支水准路线closed leveling line 闭合水准路线preclude 排除slope distance 斜距vertical angle 竖直角Zenith angle 天顶角National vertical datum 国家高程基准theodolite 经纬仪 transitangles of elevation 仰角 minus anglesangles of depression 俯角 down anglesreciprocal vertical angle observation 垂直角对测degree minute second 度分秒the sexagesimal system 六十进制系统radian 弧度topographic detail points 地形碎部点points to be set out 待放样点clinometer 测角仪/倾斜仪sextant 六分仪compass 罗盘true meridian direction 真子午线方向true north direction 正北方向meridian plane 子午面gyro theodolite 陀螺经纬仪magnetic meridian direction 磁北方向azimuths 方位角coordinate north direction 坐标北方向coordinate axies direction clockwise direction 顺时针方向counterclockwise direction 逆时针方向bearing/orientation 方位、方向quadrant 象限horizontal circle 水平度盘circular protractors 圆形量角器geometric conditions 几何条件astronomic 天文学的,极大的magnetic poles 磁极gauss coordinate system 高斯坐标系coordinate azimuth 坐标方位角meridian 子午圈/线azimuthal projection 方位角投影commencing on 开始face left 盘左bisected bisect 一分为二binary 二进制的horizontal scale 水平度盘比例尺upper plate clamp 上盘制动夹subtract 减法，扣除arbitrary points 任意点primary control 一级控制triangulation 三角法trilateration 三边法intersection 交会法resection 后方交会traversing 导线测量trigonometric proposition 三角定理law of sines 正弦定理(完整word)测绘专业英语单词law of cosines 余弦定理forward intersection 前方交会side intersection 侧方交会steel tapes 钢尺hydrographic surveyspur/stub traverse 支导线geometric closure 几何形状闭合connection/annexed traverse 附合导线Closed traverse 闭合导线Normal calculation 坐标正算inverse calculation 坐标反算Stadia hair 视距丝Cross hair 十字丝Pulse method 脉冲法Phase different method 相差法Modulated light beam 调制光束Dividing scale tape 刻线尺Reflect 反射disperse散射 radiate 辐射Refract折射 diffract 衍射 diffuse 漫射Compensator 补偿器Ralative precision 相对精度Absolute precision 绝对精度Horizontal distance 水平距离Benchmark 水准基准点Alidade 照准部Automatic level 自动安平水准仪Nominal factor 名义因子Construction maps 施工图Air density 空气密度Horizontal braking screw 水平制动螺旋Charpter 3plane trigonometry 平面三角orthogonal projection 正射投影reference ellipsoid 参考椭球面geoid 大地水准面landmass 陆地equipotential surface 等势面theoretical surface 理论面perpendicular 垂直gravity potential 重力势planimetric position 平面位置orthometric heights 正高Geodetic height 大地高semi-major axis 长半径minor axis 短轴plumb bob line 垂线spirit bubble 水准泡horizontalized 使整平flattening 扁率ellipsoidal/geodetic distance 大地距best fitting 最佳拟合global geocentric ellipsoid 全球地心参考系geodetic reference system 1980 大地测量参考系portrary 描绘conformality 正形性at expense of 以牺牲—为代价Arbitrary projection 任意投影Equidistant projection 等距投影Easel plane 承影面Cylindrical projection 圆柱投影Conic projection 圆锥投影Azimuthal/planar projection 方位投影Normal/regular axis tangent conic projection正轴切圆锥投影Normal/regular axis secant conic projection(完整word)测绘专业英语单词正轴割圆锥投影Tangent planar projectionNormal axis tangent planarprojection正轴切面投影Transverse axis tangent planarprojection横轴切面投影Oblique axis tangent planarprojection斜轴切面投影Graticule of normal conic projection 正轴圆锥投影格网Cylinder 圆柱体Gauss kruger projection=conformal（equal angle）transverse tangent elliptic cylindrical projectionUniversal transverse mercator UTM Rules of thumb 经验法则Geodetic datum 大地测量基准World geodetic system 84Standard parallels 标准纬线Meridian 子午线,子午圈，经线Mass anomaly质量异常Geodetic latitude 大地维度Geodetic longitude 大地经度Translation parameter 平移参数Rotation parameter 旋转参数Scale parameter 尺度参数Rotation axis 旋转轴Backsight 后视Leveling rod reading 水准尺读数Height difference 高差Notional leveling origin 国家水准原点Coordinate conversion 坐标转换Smooth surface 光滑表面Normal calculation 正算Normal line 法线Survey specification 测量规范Dimension of the ellipsoid 椭圆的尺寸Chapter 4Direct measurement 直接测量Geometric formulas 几何公式Three broad categories 三大范畴Blunders/mistakes=gross errors Systematic errors 系统误差Magnitude 量级Algebraic sign 代数符号Calibration 校准，标准化Random errors 随机误差Gaussian distribution 高斯分布Law of probability 概率Most probable value 最或然值Points of inflexion 拐点Square root 平方根Probability density function 概率密度函数Normal error distribution curve 正态分布曲线Normal random variable 正态随机变量Frequency histogram 频率直方图Standard deviation 标准差Arithmetic mean 算术平均值Error propagation 误差传播Partial derivative 偏导数Mean square error 中误差Least squares adjustment 最小二乘平差Superfluous measurement 多余测量Instrumental error 仪器误差Redundant measurement 冗余误差Optimal combination 最优组合Matrix/array 矩阵Functional model 函数模型Stochastic model 随机模型Statistical properties 统计特性(完整word)测绘专业英语单词Variance/covariance matrix 方差/协方差矩阵Weighting matrix 权阵Weihted adjustment 加权平差Conditional adjustment 条件平差Parametric adjustment 参数平差Algebraic sum 代数和Geometric check 几何检核Chapter 5Cartography 地图制图学Map compilation 地图编制Map decoration 地图整饰Contour map 等高/值线图Neat line 图表边线Coordinate gratitude/grid 坐标网格Inset 嵌图Bar scale 图解比例尺Thematic map 专题图Topographic map 地形图topological map 拓扑地图Electronic map 电子地图Analytic stereo plotter 解析立体绘图仪Data visualization 数据可视化Image processing 图像处理Spatial analysis 空间分析Specialized illustration software 专门插图软件Laser rangefinders 激光测距仪Computer aided design CAD 计算机辅助设计VectorRasterGeometrical principles 几何原理Geospatial information 地理空间信息Zoom in 放大 out 缩小Graphic scale bar 图解比例尺Map page space 图面空间C++ application programming interface API Chapter 6Global navigation satellite system GNSSGlobal position system GPSOrbital plane 轨道平面Orbital altitude 轨道高度Medium earth orbit /MEO 中地球轨道Carrier wave 载波Absolute positioning 绝对定位Relative positioning 相对定位Static positioning 静态定位Dynamic positioning 动态定位Base station 基站Real time kinematic RTK 实时动态定位Antenna 天线Post processing 后处理Ground based transmitter 地面发射机Geostationary orbit 对地静止轨道GPS receiver GPS接收机Monitor station 监控站Mobile /Roving station 流动站Differential GPS。

测绘工程专业英语考试重点Geomatic测绘学Geosciences地球科学Geodesy大地测量学Cadastral surveying地籍测量Geodetic surveying 大地测量Marine survey 海洋测量Geological survey 地质测量Control survey 控制测量Horizontal survey 水平测量Vertical survey 高程测量Topographic survey 地形测量Tacheometry 视距测量Contour等高线Chart图表Fieldwork外业Officework内业Elevation高程Basic point 基准点Benchmark 水准基点Stations 测站Geoid 水准面Vertical垂直Theodolite经纬仪Monumentation埋石Latitude纬度Longitude经度Prime meridian 本初子午线Gravity field 重力场Curvature 曲率Fixed error 固定误差Proportionnal error 比例误差Multiplication constant 乘常数Angle 角度Zenith distance 天顶距Circle 度盘Azimuth方位角Triangulation 三角测量Traversing 导线测量Triangulateration 边角测量Control network 控制网Forward intersection 前方交会Resection 后方交会Side intersection 侧方交会Traverse angle 导线折角Open traverse 支导线Close traverse 闭合导线Close loop traverse闭合环导线Connecting traverse 符合导线Coordinate increment坐标增量Trigonometric leveling 三高程测量Horizontal 水平距Rod plate 尺垫Coordinates 坐标系Geodetic 大地基准Origin 原点Parameter 参数Map projection 地图投影Equidistant projection等距投影Equivalent projection 等积投影Orthographic projection 正射投影Differential correction 差分改正Real time kinematicRTK实动定位Cartograph制图学Raster 栅格光栅Embed 嵌入Resolution 分辨率Data classification 数据分类Topological relationship 拓扑关系aerial photogrammetry 航空摄测量Remote sensing 遥感InSAR干涉合成孔径雷达Prism 棱镜Blunder/gross error 粗差Index error 指标差Standard deviation 标准差Mean square error中误差Calibrate 校准Normal equation 法方程Space segment 空间部分--------------------------settlement observation 沉陷观测deflection observation 挠度观测property line survey 建筑红线放样cross-section survey 横断面测量geoid undulation 大地水准面差距orthometric height 正高very long baseline interferometry甚长基线干涉测量connecting traverse 附合导线zenith distance 天顶距hydrographic survey 水道测量工程测量engineering survey施工放样construction layout orsetting-out survey竣工测量as-built survey参考椭球reference ellipsoid 参考卫星激光测距satellite laserranging(SLR)重力场gravity field测量平差adjustment ofobservation or survey adjustment多余观测redundant observation点位中误差mean square error ofa point粗差检验gross error detection自动目标识别automatic targetrecognition(ATR水准尺level lod平面控制网horizontal controlnetwork地籍测量cadastral surveying orproperty survey1. Surveying is the art of making such measurements of the relative positions of points on the surface of the earth that, on drawing them to scale, natural and artificial features may be exhibited in their correct horizontal orvertical relationships.测量是测定地面上各点的相对位置，以便根据它们之间正确的水平或竖直关系，按比例展示出天然地物和人工地物的一种技术。

测绘工程专业英语1. Introduction测绘工程是一门综合性较强的学科，需要使用专业的英语术语来进行交流和沟通。

本文将介绍一些与测绘工程相关的常用英语词汇和表达，以帮助读者更好地理解和运用专业英语。

2. Surveying and Mapping 测绘2.1 Surveying 规划测量•Geodetic surveying大地测量•Cadastral surveying (land) 地籍测绘•Engineering surveying工程测量•Topographic surveying地形测量•Control surveying控制测量•Hydrographic surveying水文测量•Deformation monitoring变形监测2.2 Mapping 制图•Cartography制图学•Digital mapping数字制图•Geographic information system (GIS)地理信息系统•Remote sensing遥感•Image interpretation图像解译•Orthophoto正射影像•Contour lines等高线•Land cover classification土地覆盖分类3. Instruments and Equipment 仪器设备•Theodolite经纬仪•Total station全站仪•GPS receiver GPS接收机•Levels水准仪•Laser scanner激光扫描仪•Data collector数据采集器•GIS software GIS软件•Mapping software制图软件4. Measurements 测量数据•Distance measurement距离测量•Angle measurement角度测量•Coordinate measurement坐标测量•Elevation measurement高程测量•Height measurement高度测量•Area measurement面积测量•Volume measurement体积测量5. Data Analysis 数据分析•Data processing数据处理•Error analysis误差分析•Statistical analysis统计分析•Spatial analysis空间分析•Data visualization数据可视化•Interpolation插值•Extrapolation外推•Regression analysis回归分析6. Project Management 项目管理•Survey project planning测量项目规划•Budget estimation预算估算•Resource allocation资源分配•Scheduling进度安排•Quality control质量控制•Risk assessment风险评估•Project documentation项目文档7. Conclusion本文介绍了一些与测绘工程专业相关的英语词汇和表达，涵盖了测绘、制图、仪器设备、测量数据、数据分析和项目管理等领域。

Unit 7 optical theodolite光学经纬仪 electronic theodolite电子经纬仪robotic(motorized) total station智能型全站仪，测量机器人 data transfer数据转换automatic target recognition(ATR)目标自动识别 circular encoders编码度盘 optical plummet光学对中器Unit 8 true error真误差 observation error观测误差 instrumental error仪器误差random error,accident error随机（偶然）误差 relative error相对误差 error of closure,closing error,closure闭合差 error propagation,propagation of error误差传播 limit error极限误差 index error of vertical circle竖盘指标差Unit 18 control network for deformation observation变形观测控制网 construction survey施工测量 free station自由设站法 as-built survey竣工测量 setting-out survey,construction layout施工放样 building axis survey建筑轴线测量 property line survey建筑红线测量 construction plan施工平面图 cross section横断面，断面图，剖面图 profile survey纵断面测量 cross-section survey横断面测量Unit 19 deformation monitoring(observation)变形监测（观测） displacement observation位移观测 settlement(subsidence) observation沉陷观测 collimation line method视准线法 minor angle method小角度法Unit 20-21 atmospheric drag大气阻力 missile guidance导弹制导 pseudorange 伪距 GPS constellation GPS星座 monitor station监控站 clock error钟差precise ephemeris精密星历 ionospheric delay电离层延迟 tropospheric delay对流层延迟 multipath effect多路径效应 reference receiver基准接收机 roving receiver流动接收机 real-time differential correction实时差分改正Unit 23。

Words and expressionsUnit 1geoscience地球科学informatics信息学,情报学monitor监控,监测,监视,控制,追踪,监控器appreciate增值,涨价,赏识,鉴赏,感激dwindle缩小Iso International standardization organization国际标准化组织explicit清楚的,外在的,直率的,(租金等)直接付款的hydrographic与水道测量有关的,与水文地理有关的hydrographic survey海道测量,水道测量practitioner从业者,开业者expertise专门技术,专家的意见flexibility适应性,机动性,挠性Incorporation结合,合并;形成法人组织,组成公司(或社团) coherent一致的,连贯的demise死亡,让位,禅让ut让渡,遗赠,转让blur把(界线,视线等)弄得模糊不清,涂污,污损(名誉等),弄污visualization可视化,清楚地呈现pertaining有关系的,附属…的,为…固有的(to)Imagery肖像(总称),雕刻影像plotting标图,测绘illustrative 说明性的,例证性的entity实体digitize [计]将资料数字化registration注册,报到,登记forestry林产,森林地,林学geology地质学,地质概况geographical地理学的,地理的infrastructure基础下部组织,下部构造navigation导航,航海,航空,领航,航行quarterly一年四次的,每季的evolve (使)发展,(使)进展,(使)进化cadastre地籍簿,地籍,地籍图cadastral surveying地籍测量sensor传感器manipulate(熟练地)操作,使用(机器等),操纵(人或市价、市场),利用state - of - the - art 先进的,一流的geophysics地球物理学oceanography 海洋学retrieval检索,恢复,修补,重获embrace拥抱,互相|拥抱,包含,收买,信奉ti拥抱n.拥抱geomatics测绘学geodesy大地测量学surveying and mapping测绘photogrammetry摄影测量学remote sensing(RS)遥感global positioning system(GPS)全球定位系统atellite positioning卫星定位geographic information systems(GIS)地理信息系统land management土地管理computer graphics计算机图形学Unit 2artiticial人造的,假的,非原产地的analog类似物,相似体chart图表,海图dimensional空间的monument纪念碑permanent monument永久标石monumentation埋石fieldwork野外工作,实地调查,野外作业category种类,类别,[逻]范畴permanent永久的,持久的theodolite[测]经纬仪prerequisite先决条件spheroid球状体,回转椭圆体allowance容许误差,容差,容许量diameter直径equator赤道,赤道线atitude纬度,范围;(用复数)地区longitude经度,经线经度meridian子午线,正午,顶点,全盛时期ad.子午线的,正午的prime meridian本初子午线,木初子午圈线northing北距(向北航行的距离),北进,北航easting东西距,朝东方;东行航程gravity重力,地心引力gravity field重力场curvature曲率,弯曲plumb铅锤,铅弹ad.垂直的t使垂直,探测plumb line铅垂线trigonometry 三角法plane trigonometry平面三角algebra代数学analytical解枥的,分析的analytical geometry解析几chord弦,弦长triangle三角形,三人一组,三角关系spherical球形的,球的sophisticate弄复杂,篡改;使变得世故入sophistication复杂;强词夺理,诡辩geoid [地]大地水准面trench沟渠,堑壕,管沟,电缆沟,战壕Atlantic ocean大西洋Pacific ocean太平洋tangent相切的,切线的n.切线,[数]正切backsight后视foresight前视;远见,深谋远虑refraction折光,折射geodetic surveying大地测量,大地测量学plane surveying平面测量,平面测量学control survey控制测量horizontal survey水平测量,平面测量vertical survey高程测量,垂直测量地形测量topographic surveydetail survey碎部测量land survey( property survey, boundary survey, cadastral survey)地测量,地籍测量route survey路线测量pipe survey管道测量city survey城市测量hydrographic survey水道测量marine survey海洋测量mine survey矿山测量geological survey地质测量Unit 3fundamental基本原则,基本原理Euclidean space欧几里得空间odometer(汽车等的)里程表,自动计在仪(美vehicle交通工具,车辆,媒介物,传达手段revolution旋转,革命circumference 圆周,周围invar铟瓦;不胀钢nickel镍,镍币,(美国和加拿大的)五分镍币alloy合金coefficient系数thermal热的,热量的tacheometry 测视距测量stadia视距,视距仪器ntercept截取,中途阻止telescope望远镜multiply乘,增加,繁殖nominal 名义上的,有名无实的,名字的,[语]名词性的manufacturer制造业者,厂商/consequence结果[逻]推理,推论,因果关系,重要的地位topographic地势的,地形学上的resultant作为结果而发生的,合成的terrain地形electromagnetic电磁的visibility 可见度,能见度,可见性,显著,明显度infrared红外线的n.红外线airborne 空气传播的,空降的,空运的particle粒子,点,极小量,微粒,质点,小品词,语气modulated已凋整[制]的,被调的distance measurement 距离测量precise ranging精密测距pacing步测,定步distance measuring instrument, rangefinder测距仪EDM( electronic distance measurement)电子测距仪geodimeter光速测距仪,光电测electromagnetic distance measuring instrument电磁波测距仪electro- optical distance measuring instrument光电测距仪long - range EDM instrument远程电子测距infrared EDM instrument红外测距仪laser distance measuring instrument, laser ranger激光测距仪microwave distance measuring instrument微波测距仪satellite laser ranger卫星激光测距仪two- color laser ranger双色激光测距仪distance- measuring error测距误差fixed error固定误差proportional error比例误差sighting distance视距multiplication constant乘常数ddition constant加常数stadia multiplication constant视距乘常数stadia addition constant视距加常数standard field of length长度标准检定场/nominal accuracy标称精度stadia hair视距丝,视距线stadia interval视距间隔Unit 3perpendicular 垂直的,正交的Intersect横断(直线)相交,交又projection投影,投射,投影图,地图投影,规划zenith天顶,顶点,顶峰,最高点celestial天上的celestial sphere天球radius半径,范围,辐射光线,有效航程,范围,界线clinometer测角器,倾斜仪sextant六分仪compass罗盘,指南针,圆规protractor量角器clockwise顺时针方向的counterclockwise反时针方向的sexagesimal六十的,六十进位的sexagesimal systen六十分制commence开始,着手bisect切成两份,对(截)开clamp夹子,夹具,夹钳encoder编码器,译码器spindle轴,杆,心轴;锭子,纺锤crystal结晶状的n.水晶,水晶饰品,结晶,晶体liquid crystal displays(LCDs)液晶显示diode二极管lght- emitting diode displays(LEDs)发光二极管显示pendulum钟摆,摇锤compensator补偿器provision供应,(一批)供应品,预备,防备,规定indexing标定指数initialize初始化azimuth方位,方位角bearing方向,方位quadrant象限四分仪horizontal angle水平角vertical angle垂直角depression angle俯角,俯视角zenith distance天顶距elevation angle高度角horizontal circle水平刻度盘vertical circle垂直度盘true north真北geodetic azimuth大地方位角grid bearing坐标方位角gyro azimuth陀螺方位角magnetic azimuth磁方位角method by series, method of direction observation方向观测法method in all combinations全组合测角法Unit 20Us. Department of defense(DOD)美国国防部castellation[天]星座,星群nsure确保,给…保险drag拖拉v拖,拖曳atmospheric drag大气阻力sun- seeking太阳定向panel面板,仪表板,全体陪审员solar panel太阳能电池板nicad镍镉蓄电池nicad battery镍镉蓄电池Colorado美国科罗拉多州(位于美国西部)Hawaii夏威夷,夏威夷岛Ascension阿森松(南大西洋岛屿)Kwajalein夸贾林环礁(位于太平洋西部)reconnaissance勘测,侦察,搜索missile导弹,发射物missile guidance导弹制导pseudorange伪距synchronize同步synchronized同步的GPS( global positioning system)全球定位系统space segment空间部分control segment控制部分user segment用户部分GPS receiver GPS接收机gps constellation gps星座master control station主控站monitor station监控站atomic clock原子钟clock error钟差broadcast ephemeris广播星历precise ephemeris精密星历Coarse acquisition codeprecise code精码pseudorange伪距ionospheric delay电离层延迟tropospheric delay对流层延迟multipath effect多路径效应Selective availability(SA)选择可用性reference receiver基准接收机roving receiver流动接收机receiver antenna接收机天线real- time kinematic(RTK)实时动态定位differential GPS(DGPS)差分GPSdifferential correction差分改正real- time differential correction实时差分改正post - processed differential correction后处理差分改正Unit 23acronym 只取首字母的缩写词distinguish 区别,辨别attribute属性,品质,特征.加于,归结于peel剥,削,剥落supercomputer[计]超型计算机hook钩住,沉迷,上瘾digitizer 数字转换器cartographe地图制作者,制图师,制图员administrator管理员,管理程序implementation执行coordinator协调者,同等的人或物raster[物]光栅vector向量,矢量,带菌者aircraft航行器census人口普查demographic人口统计学的yearbook年鉴ecosystem生态系统overlay覆盖,覆盖图buffering缓冲(作用),减震,隔离Unit 28exemplify例证,例示illumination照明,阐明,启发geothermal地热的,地温的,地热(或地温)产生的photon光子cosmic宇宙的cosmic ra宇宙射线gamma 射线thereon在其上,在那上面,…之后立即moisture湿度,湿气,潮湿irradiance发光,光辉penetrate穿透,渗透,弥漫electron电子molecular[化]分子的,由分子组成的emittance发射度,[热]辐射本领incidence人射,落下的方式,影响范围spacecraft太空船backscatter漫反射,反向散射体,反散射synthetic合成的,人造的,综合的aperture孔,穴,缝隙,(照相机,望远镜等的)光圈,孔径synthetic aperture radar(SAR)合成孔径雷达multispectral多谱线的,多谱段的spectroradiometer[物]分光辐射计side - looking 侧视的remote sensor遥测传感器,遥感器electromagnetic spectrum电磁波频谱,电磁波谱,电磁光谱transmittance传播absorptance吸收reflectance反射electromagnetic radiation电磁辐射thermal infrared detector热红外探测器passive remote sensing被动式遥感active remote sensing主动式遥感side- looking airborne radar(SLAR)机载侧视雷达;侧视雷达active microwave sensors主动微波遥感传感器passive microwave sensing被动微波遥感spectroradiometer分光辐射计radiometer辐射计scatterometer散射计scatterometry 散射测量。

测绘类英语词汇(A-C)阿贝比长原理Abbe comparator principle阿达马变换Hadamard transformation安平精度setting accuracy岸台，*固定台base station暗礁reef靶道工程测量target road engineering survey半导体激光器semiconductor laser 半日潮港semidiurnal tidal harbor 半色调halftone饱和度saturation北极星任意时角法method by hour angle of Polaris贝塞尔大地主题解算公式Bessel formula for solution of geodetic problem贝塞尔椭球Bessel ellipsoid贝叶斯分类Bayesian classification 被动式遥感passive remote sensing本初子午线prime meridian比较地图学comparative cartography比较地图学comparative cartography比例尺scale比例量表ratio scaling比例误差proportional error比值变换ratio transformation比值增强ratio enhancement闭合closure闭合差closing error闭合导线closed traverse闭合水准路线closed leveling line 边长中误差mean square error of side length边交会法linear intersection边角测量triangulateration边角交会法linear-angular intersection边角网triangulateration network边缘检测edge detection边缘增强edge enhancement编绘compilation编绘原图compiled original变比例投影varioscale projection 变换光束测图affine plotting变线仪variomat变形观测控制网control network for deformation observation变形观测控制网control network for deformation observation变形椭圆indicatrix ellipse标称精度nominal accuracy标称精度nominal accuracy标尺rod 标尺staff标高差改正correction for skew normals标高差改正correction for skew normals标界测量survey for marking of boundary标志灯，*回光灯signal lamp标准差standard deviation标准配置点Gruber point标准纬线standard parallel冰后回弹post glacial rebound波茨坦重力系统Potsdam gravimetric system波带板zone plate波浪补偿compensation of undulation波浪补偿compensation of undulation波浪补偿heave compensation波浪补偿器，*涌浪滤波器heave compensator波罗-科普原理Porro-Koppe principle波谱测定仪spectrometer波谱集群spectrum cluster波谱特征空间spectrum feature space波谱特征曲线spectrum character curve波谱响应曲线spectrum response curve波束角wave beam angle泊位Berth补偿器compensator 补偿器补偿误差compensating error of compensator补偿器补偿误差compensating error of compensator布格改正Bouguer correction布格异常Bouguer anomaly布隆斯公式Bruns formula布耶哈马问题Bjerhammar problem采剥工程断面图striping andmining engineering profile采剥工程综合平面图syntheticplan of striping and mining采场测量stope survey采掘工程平面mining engineering plan采区测量survey in mining panel采区联系测量connection survey in mining panel采区联系测量connection survey in mining panel采样sampling采样间隔sampling interval彩色编码color coding彩色变换color transformation彩色复制color reproduction彩色感光器材color sensitive material假彩色片false color film彩色红外片color infrared film彩色片color film彩色摄影color photography彩色校样color proof彩色样图color manuscript彩色增强color enhancement彩色坐标系color coordinate system彩色坐标系color coordinate system参考数据reference data参考椭球reference ellipsoid参考效应reference effect参数平差parameter adjustment侧方交会side intersection侧扫声呐side scan sonar侧视雷达side-locking radar测标measuring mark测杆measuring bar测高仪Altimeter测绘标准standards of surveying and mapping测绘联合会International Union ofSurveying and Mapping测绘学geomatics测绘学surveying and mapping(SM)测绘仪器Instrument of surveyingand mapping测角中误差mean square error ofangle observation测距定位系统，*圆-圆定位系统range positioning system测距雷达range-only radar测距盲区range hole测距仪rangefinder测量标志survey mark测量船survey vessel测量规范specifications of surveys测量控制网surveying control network测量平差adjustment of observation测量平差survey adjustment测量学surveying测流current surveying测深改正correction of depth测深杆sounding pole测深精度total accuracy of sounding测深仪读数精度reading accuracy of sounder测深仪发射参数，*测深仪零线transmiting line of sounder测深仪回波信号echo signal of sounder测深仪记录纸recording paper of sounder测速标marks for measuring velocity测图卫星mapping satellite测微密度计microdensitometer测微目镜micrometer eyepiece测微器micrometer测线survey line测站station测站归心station centring层间改正plate correction觇牌target长度标准检定场standard field of length厂址测量surveying for site selection超导重力仪superconductor gravimeter超焦点距离hyperfocal distance超近摄影测量macrophotogrammetry潮汐表tidal tables潮汐波tidal wave潮汐调和常数tidal harmonic constants潮汐调和分析tidal harmonic analysis潮汐非调和常数tidal nonharmonic constants潮汐非调和分析tidal nonharmonic analysis潮汐摄动tidal perturbation潮汐因子tidal factor潮汐预报tidal prediction潮信表tidal information panel沉船wreck沉降观测settlement observation成像光谱仪imaging spectrometer成像雷达imaging radar城市测量urban survey城市地形测量urban topographic survey城市地形图topographic map of urban area城市基础地理信息系统UGIS城市基础地理信息系统urbangeographical information system城市控制测量urban control survey城市制图urban mapping乘常数multiplication constant尺度参数scale parameter抽象符号abstract symbol触觉地图tactual map船台，*移动台mobile station垂核面vertical epipolar plane垂核线vertical epipolar line垂球plumb bob垂线偏差改正correction fordeflection of the vertical垂线偏差改正correction fordeflection of the vertical垂直角vertical angle垂直折光误差vertical refraction error垂直折光系数vertical refraction coefficient垂准仪，*铅垂仪plumb aligner纯重力异常pure gravity anomaly磁变年差annual change of magnetic variation磁测深magnetic sounding磁测深线magnetic sounder磁方位角magnetic azimuth磁力扫海测量magnetic sweeping磁力异常区magnetic anomaly area磁偏角magnetic variation磁倾角magnetic dip磁像限角magnetic bearing磁子午线magnetic meridian粗差gross error粗差检测gross error detection粗码C/A Code粗码Coare/Acquision Code测绘类英语词汇(D)打样Proofing大比例尺测图large scale topographical mapping大潮升spring rise大地测量边值问题geodetic boundary value problem大地测量参考系geodetic reference system大地测量数据库geodetic database大地测量学geodesy大地测量仪器geodetic instrument大地方位角geodetic azimuth大地高ellipsoidal height大地高geodetic height大地基准geodetic datum大地经度geodetic longitude大地水准面geoid大地水准面高geoidal height大地水准面高geoidal undulation大地天顶延迟atmosphere zenith delay大地天文学geodetic astronomy大地网geodetic network大地纬度geodetic latitude大地线geodesic大地原点geodetic origin大地主题反解inverse solution of geodetic problem大地坐标geodetic coordinate大地坐标系geodetic coordinate system大陆架地形测量continental shelf topographic survey大陆架地形测量continental shelf topographic survey大气传输特性characteristics ofatmospheric transmission大气传输特性characteristics ofatmospheric transmission大气窗atmospheric window大气改正,*气象改正atmospheric correction大气透过率atmospheric transmissivity大气噪声atmospheric noise大气阻力摄动atmospheric drag perturbation大像幅摄影机large format camera大像幅摄影机LFC大洋地势图GEBCO大洋地势图general bathymetricchart of the oceans大圆航线图great circle sailing chart带谐系数coefficient of zonal harmonics带谐系数coefficient of zonal harmonics带状平面图zone plan单差相位观测single differencephase observation单点定位point positioning单片坐标量测仪monocomparator单位权unit weight单位权方差，*方差因子variance of unit weight弹道摄影测量ballistic photogrammetry弹道摄影机ballistic camera当地平均海面local mean sea level挡差改正correction of scale difference挡差改正correction of scale difference导标leading beacon导弹定向测量missile orientation survey导弹试验场工程测量engineeringsurvey of missile test site导航台定位测量navigation stationlocation survey导航台定位测量navigation stationlocation survey导航图navigation chart导航线，*叠标线leading line导入高程测量induction height survey导线边traverse leg导线测量traverse survey导线点traverse point导线横向误差lateral error of traverse导线角度闭合差angle closingerror of traverse导线结点junction point of traverses导线曲折系数meanderingcoefficient of traverse导线全长闭合差total lengthclosing error of traverse导线网traverse network导线相对闭合差relative lengthclosing error of traverse导线折角traverse angle导线纵向误差longitudinal error oftraverse岛屿测量island survey岛屿联测island-mainland connection survey岛屿图island chart倒锤[线]观测，倒锤法inverseplummet observation灯[光性]质characteristic of light灯标light beacon灯船light ship灯船light vessel灯浮标light buoy灯高height of light灯光节奏flashing rhythm of light灯光射程light range灯光遮蔽Eclipse灯光周期light period灯色light color灯塔light house等比线isometric parallel等高距contour interval等高棱镜contour prism等高线Contour等高仪astrolabe等积投影equivalent projection等级结构hierarchical organization等角定位格网equiangular positioning grid等角条件，*正形投影conformal projection等精度[曲线]图equiaccuracy chart等距量表interval scaling等距投影equidistant projection等距圆弧格网equilong circle arc grid等量纬度isometric latitude等偏摄影parallel-averted photography等倾摄影equally tilted photography等权代替法method of equalweight substitution等值灰度尺equal value gray scale等值区域图，*分区量值地图choroplethic map等值区域图，*分区量值地图choroplethic map等值线地图isoline map等值线法isoline method低潮线low water line底板测点floor station底点纬度latitude of pedal底色去除under color removal底色增益under color addition底质bottom characteristics底质quality of the bottom底质采样bottom characteristics sampling底质调查bottom characteristics exploration底质分布图bottom sediment chart地产界测量property boundary survey地磁经纬仪magnetism theodolite地磁仪magnetometer地底点ground nadir point地固坐标系body-fixed coordinate system地固坐标系earth-fixed coordinate system地基系统ground-based system地极坐标系coordinate system of the pole地极坐标系coordinate system of the pole地籍cadastre地籍簿land register地籍册cadastral lists地籍测量cadastral survey地籍调查cadastral inventory地籍更新renewal of the cadastre地籍管理cadastral survey manual地籍图cadastral map地籍修测cadastral revision地籍制图cadastral mapping地界测量land boundary survey地壳均衡isostasy地壳均衡改正isostatic correction地壳形变观测crust deformation measurement地壳形变观测crust deformationmeasurement地块测量parcel survey地类界图land boundary map地理格网geographic grid地理视距geographical viewing distance地理信息传输geographicinformation communication地理信息系统geographicinformation system地理信息系统GIS地理坐标geographic graticule地理坐标参考系geographical reference system地貌图geomorphological map地貌形态示量图morphometric map地面接收站ground receiving station地面立体测图仪terrestrial stereoplotter地面摄谱仪terrestrial spectrograph 地面摄影测量terrestrial photogrammetry地面摄影机terrestrial camera地面实况ground truth地面照度illuminance of ground地名geographical name地名place name地名标准化place-name standardization地名录gazetteer地名数据库place-name database 地名索引geographical name index 地名通名geographical general name地名学toponomastics地名学toponymy地名转写geographical name transcription地名转写geographical name transliteration地平线摄影机horizon camera地平线像片horizon photograph地倾斜观测ground tilt measurement地球定向参数earth orientation parameter地球定向参数EOP地球同步卫星geo-synchronous satellite地球椭球earth ellipsoid地球位，*大地位geopotential地球位数geopotential number地球位系数potential coefficient of the earth地球形状earth shape地球形状Figure of the earth地球仪globe地球引力摄动terrestrial gravitational perturbation 地球重力场模型earth gravity model地球资源卫星earth resources technology satellite地球资源卫星ERTS地球自转参数earth rotation parameter地球自转参数ERP地球自转角速度rotational angular velocity of the earth地势图hypsometric map地图编绘map compilation地图编辑map editing地图编辑大纲map editorial policy 地图表示法cartographic presentation地图传输cartographic communication地图叠置分析map overlay analysis地图分类cartographic classification地图分析cartographic analysis地图符号库map symbols bank地图符号学cartographic semiology地图负载量map load地图复杂性map complexity地图复制map reproduction地图感受map perception地图更新map revision地图集信息系统Atlas information system地图利用map use地图量算法cartometry地图量算法cartometry地图模型，*制图模型cartographic model地图模型，*制图模型cartographic model地图内容结构cartographic organization地图内容结构cartographic organization地图判读map interpretation地图评价cartographic evaluation地图潜信息cartographic potential information地图潜信息cartographic potential information地图清晰性map clarity地图色标color chart地图色标map color standard地图色谱map color atlas地图设计map design地图数据结构map data structure地图数据库cartographic database地图数字化map digitizing地图投影map projection地图显示map display地图信息cartographic information地图信息系统cartographic information system地图信息系统CIS地图信息系统cartographic information system地图信息系统CIS地图选取cartographic selection地图学cartography地图研究法cartographic methodology地图易读性map legibility地图印刷map printing地图语法cartographic syntactics地图语言cartographic language地图语义cartographic semantics地图语用cartographic pragmatics地图阅读map reading地图整饰map decoration地图制图map making地图制图软件cartographic software地图注记map lettering地下管线测量underground pipeline survey地下铁道测量subway survey地下铁道测量underground railway survey地下油库测量underground oil depot survey地心经度geocentric longitude地心纬度geocentric latitude地心引力常数geocentric gravitational constant地心坐标系geocentric coordinate system地形测量topographic survey地形底图base map of topography地形改正topographic correction地形数据库topographic database地形图topographic map地形图更新revision of topographic map地形图图式topographic map symbols地震台精密测量precise survey atseismic station地质测量geological survey地质点测量geological point survey地质略图geological scheme地质剖面测量geological profile survey地质剖面图geological section map典型图形平差adjustment of typical figures点方式point mode点位中误差mean square error of a point点下对中centering under point点状符号point symbol电磁波测距仪electromagneticdistance measuring instrument电磁传播[时延]改正correction for radio wavepropagation of time signal电荷耦合器件charge-coupleddevice (CCD)电离层折射改正ionospheric refraction correction电子测距仪EDM电子测距仪electronic distancemeasuring instrument电子出版系统electronicpublishing system电子地图集electronic atlas电子分色机color scanner电子分色机color scanner电子海图electronic map电子海图数据库ECDB电子海图数据库electronic chart database电子海图显示和信息系统ECDIS电子海图显示和信息系统electronic chart display andinformation system电子经纬仪electronic theodolite电子平板仪electronic plane-table电子求积仪electronic planimeter电子水准仪electronic level电子速测仪，*全站仪electronic tachometer电子显微摄影测量nanophotogrammetry电子相关electronic correlation电子印像机electronic printer调绘Annotation调焦误差error of focusing调频频率modulation frequency调制传递函数modulationtransfer function调制传递函数MTF调制器modulator叠栅条纹图，*莫尔条纹图moirétopography顶板测点roof station定深扫海sweeping at definite depth定位标记positioning mark定位点间距positioning interval定位检索，*开窗检索retrieval by windows定位统计图表法positioning diagram method定线测量Alignment survey定向连接点connection point定向连接点connection point fororientation定性检索retrieval by header定影Fixing动感autokinetic effect动画引导animated steering动画制图animated mapping动态定位kinematic positioning独立交会高程点elevation point byindependent intersection独立模型法空中三角测量independent model aerialtriangulation独立坐标系independent coordinate system度盘circle断面仪Profiler对景图front view对流层折射改正troposphericrefraction correction对数尺logarithmic scale对中杆centering rod对中杆centering rod多倍仪multiplex多边形地图polygonal map多边形结构polygon structure多边形平差法Adjustment by method of polygon多波束测探multibeam echosounding多波束测探系统multibeam sounding system多层结构multi layer organization多级纠正multistage rectification多焦点投影polyfocal projection多路径效应multipath effect多媒体地图multimedia map多年平均海面multi-year mean sea level多谱段扫描仪multispectral scanner （MSS）多谱段摄影multispectral photography多谱段摄影机multispectral camera多谱段遥感multispectral remote sensing多时相分析multi-temporal analysis多时相遥感multi-temporal remotesensing多星等高法equal-altitude method of multi-star多用途地籍multi-purpose cadastre多余观测redundant observation多圆锥投影polyconic projection测绘类英语词汇(E-J)厄特沃什效应Eötvös effect二值图像binary image发光二极管LED发光二极管light-emitting diode法方程normal equation法截面normal section法伊改正Faye correction反差Contrast反差系数contrast coefficient反差增强contrast enhancement反立体效应pseudostereoscopy反射波谱reflectance spectrum反束光导管摄影机return beam vidicon camera反像mirror reverse反转片reversal film范围法area method方差-协方差传播律variance-covariance propagation law方差-协方差矩阵variance-covariance matrix方里网kilometer grid方位角中误差mean square error of azimuth方位圈compass rose方位投影azimuthal projection方向观测法method by series方向观测法method of direction observation防波堤Breakwater防波堤mole房地产地籍real estates cadastre仿射纠正affine rectification放样测量setting-out survey非地形摄影测量nontopographic photogrammetry非监督分类unsupervised classification非量测摄影机non-metric camera菲列罗公式Ferrero's formula分版原图Flaps分瓣投影interrupted projection分层layer分层设色表graduation of tints分层设色法hypsometric layer分潮Constituent分潮迟角epoch of partial tide分潮振幅amplitude of partial tide分带纠正zonal rectification分带子午线zone dividing meridian分类器classifier分区统计图表法cartodiagram method分区统计图表法，*等值区域法cartogram method分色，*分色参考图color separation分析地图analytical map风讯信号杆wind signal pole浮标Buoy浮雕影像地图picto-line map浮子验潮仪float gauge符号化symbolization辐射三角测量radial triangulation辐射线格网radial positioning grid辐射校正radiometric correction辐射遥感器radiation sensor负荷潮load tide负片negative附参数条件平差conditionadjustment with parameters附合导线connecting traverse附合水准路线annexed leveling line附加位additional potential附条件参数平差，*附条件间接平差parameter adjustment withconditions复测法repetition method复垦测量reclaimation survey复照仪reproduction camera副台slave station概率判决函数Probability decision function概然误差probable error干出礁covers and uncovers rock干涉雷达interometry SAR （INSAR）感光sensitization感光材料sensitive material感光测定sensitometry感光度sensitivity感光特性曲线characteristic curveof photographic transmission感受效果perceptual effect港界harbor boundary港口port港口工程测量harbor engineering survey港湾测量harbor survey港湾锚地图集harbor/anchorage atlas港湾图harbor chart高差仪statoscope高程height高程导线height traverse高程点elevation point高程基准height datum高程控制测量vertical control survey高程控制点vertical control point高程控制网vertical control network高程系统height system高程异常height anomaly高程中误差mean square error of height高度角altitude angle倾斜角、仰角elevation angle高密度数字磁带HDDT高密度数字磁带high density digital tape高斯-克吕格投影Gauss-Krüger projection高斯平面子午线收敛角Gauss grid convergence高斯平面坐标系Gauss plane coordinate system高斯投影方向改正arc-to-chordcorrection in Gauss projection高斯中纬度公式Gauss midlatitude formula格网单元cell跟踪数字化tracing digitizing工厂现状图测量survey of presentstate at industrial site工程测量engineering survey工程测量学engineering surveying工程经纬仪engineer's theodolite工程控制网engineering control network工程摄影测量engineering photogrammetry工程水准仪engineer's level工业测量系统industrial measuring system工业摄影测量industrial photogrammetry公路工程测量road engineering survey功率谱power spectrum共面方程coplanarity equation共线方程collinearity equation构像方程imaging equation古地图ancient map骨架航线，*构架航线,测控条control strip固定平极fixed mean pole固定误差fixed error固定相移fixed phase drift固体潮[solid] Earth tide固体激光器solid-state laser管道测量pipe survey管道综合图synthesis chart of pipelines贯通测量holing through survey惯性测量系统inertial surveying system惯性测量系统ISS惯性坐标系inertial coordinate system惯用点conventional name灌区平面布置图irrigation layout plan光电测距导线EDM traverse光电测距仪electro-optical distancemeasuring instrument光电等高仪photoelectric astrolabe光电遥感器photoelectric sensor光电中星仪photoelectric transit instrument光碟，*光盘compact disc （CD）光谱感光度，*光谱灵敏度spectral sensitivity光圈,*有效孔径Aperture光圈号数f-number光圈号数stop-number光束法空中三角测量bundle aerial triangulation光栅grating广播星历broadcast ephemeris归化纬度reduced latitude归心改正correction for centering 归心元素elements of centring龟纹moire规划地图planning map规矩线register mark国际测绘联合会IUSM国际测量师联合会Fédération Internationale des Géométres国际测量师联合会FIG国际大地测量协会IAG国际大地测量协会International Association of Geodesy国际大地测量与地球物理联合会International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics国际大地测量与地球物理联合会IUGG国际地球参考架international terrestrial reference frame （ITRF）国际地球自转服务局International Earth Rotation Service （IERS）国际海道测量组织International Hydrography Organization （IHO）国际海图international chart国际航天测量与地球学学院ITC 国际矿山测量学会International Society of Mine Surveying国际摄影测量与遥感学会International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote S国际摄影测量与遥感学会ISPRS 国际天球参考架international celestial reference frame （ICRF）国际协议原点Conventional International Origin （CIO）国际原子时international atomic time （IA T）国际制图协会International Cartographic Association （ICA）国家地图集national atlas国家基础地理信息系统national fundamental geographic information system海[洋]图集marine atlas海岸coast海岸地形测量coast topographic survey海岸图coast chart海岸线coast line海岸性质nature of the coast海拔height above sea level海道测量，*水道测量hydrographic survey海道测量学，*水道测量学hydrography海底成像系统seafloor imaging system海底地貌submarine geomorphology海底地貌图submarine geomorphologic chart海底地势图submarine situation chart海底地形测量bathymetric surveying海底地形图bathymetric chart海底地质构造图submarine structural chart海底电缆submarine cable海底管道submarine pipeline海底控制网submarine control network海底倾斜改正seafloor slope correction海底声标acoustic beacon on bottom海底施工测量submarine construction survey海底隧道测量submarine tunnel survey海福德椭球Hayford ellipsoid海军导航卫星系统Navy Navigation Satellite System海军导航卫星系统NNSS海军导航卫星系统Navy Navigation Satellite System海军导航卫星系统NNSS海军勤务测量naval service survey海控点hydrographic control point海流计current meter海面地形sea surface topography海区界线sea area bounding line海区资料调查sea area information investigation海区总图general chart of the sea海图Chart海图比例尺Chart scale海图编号Chart numbering海图编制Chart compilation海图标题Chart title海图大改正Chart large correction海图分幅Chart subdivision海图改正Chart correction海图投影Chart projection海图图廓Chart boarder海图图式symbols and abbreviations on chart海图小改正Chart small correction海图制图charting海图注记lettering of chart海洋测绘marine charting海洋测绘数据库marine charting database海洋测量marine survey海洋测量定位marine survey positioning海洋磁力测量marine magnetic survey海洋磁力图marine magnetic chart海洋磁力异常marine magnetic anomaly海洋大地测量marine geodetic survey海洋大地测量学marine geodesy海洋工程测量marine engineering survey海洋划界测量marine demarcation survey海洋环境图marine environmental chart海洋气象图marine meteorological chart海洋生物图marine biological chart海洋水文图marine hydrological chart海洋水准测量marine leveling海洋卫星Seasat海洋质子采样器marine bottom proton sampler海洋质子磁力仪marine proton magnetometer海洋重力测量marine gravimetry海洋重力仪marine gravimeter海洋重力异常marine gravity anomaly海洋重力异常图Chart of marine gravity anomaly海洋重力异常图Chart of marine gravity anomaly海洋专题测量marine thematic survey海洋资源图marine resource chart航标表list of lights航带法空中三角测量strip aerialtriangulation航道channel / fairway航道图navigation channel chart航高flying height航海天文历nautical almanac航海通告notice to mariners (NM)航行通告notice to navigator航海图nautical chart航迹track航空摄谱仪aerial spectrograph航空摄影aerial photography航空摄影测量aerial photogrammetry航空摄影测量aerophotogrammetry航空摄影机aerial camera航空图aeronautical chart航空遥感aerial remote sensing航空重力测量airborne gravity measurement航路指南sailing directions (SD)航摄计划flight plan of aerial photography航摄领航navigation of aerial photography航摄漏洞aerial photographic gap航摄软片aerial film航摄像片,航空像片aerial photograph航摄质量quality of aerophotography航速speed航天飞机space shuttle航天摄影space photography航天摄影测量，*太空摄影测量space photogrammetry航天遥感space remote sensing航向course航向倾角longitudinal tilt航向倾角pitch航向重叠end overlap航向重叠fore-and-aft overlap航向重叠forward overlap航向重叠longitudinal overlap航行图sailing chart航行障碍物navigation obstruction合成地图synthetic map合成孔径雷达synthetic aperture radar (SAR)合点控制vanishing point control河道整治测量river improvement survey河外致密射电源，*类星体extragalactic compact radio source核点epipole 核面epipolar plane核线epipolar line核线epipolar ray核线相关epipolar correlation盒式分类法box classification method黑白片black-and-white film黑白摄影black-and-white photography恒时钟sidereal clock恒星摄影机stellar camera恒星时sidereal time恒星中天测时法method of timedetermination by star transit横断面测量cross-section survey横断面图cross-section profile横轴投影transverse projection红外测距仪infrared EDM instrument红外辐射计infrared radiometer红外片infrared film红外扫描仪infrared scanner红外摄影infrared photography红外图像infrared imagery红外遥感infrared remote sensing后方交会resection湖泊测量lake survey互补色地图anaglyphic map互补色镜anaglyphoscope互补色立体观察anaglyphical stereoscopic viewing环境地图environmental map环境探测卫星environmental survey satellite缓和曲线测设spiral curve location缓和曲线测设transition curve location换能器transducer换能器吃水改正correction of transducer draft换能器动态吃水transducer dynamic draft换能器基线transducer baseline换能器基线改正correction of transducer baseline换能器静态吃水transducer staticdraft黄海平均海[水]面Huang Hai mean sea level灰楔grey wedge回声测深echo sounding回声测深仪echo sounder回头曲线测设hair-pin curve location回照器helios 回照器helioscope汇水面积测量catchment area survey绘图机plotter绘图文件plotting file混合潮港mixed tidal harbor机场测量airport survey机场跑道测量airfield runway survey机械投影mechanical projection机载激光测探airborne laser sounding机载遥感器airborne sensor机助测图computer-aided mapping机助测图computer-assisted plotting机助地图制图（CAC）computer-aided cartographycomputer-assisted cartography机助分类computer-assisted classification基本比例尺basic scale基本图形元素primary graphic elements基本重力点basic gravimetric point基长基线干涉测量VLBI基-高比base-height ratio基线base line基线测量base line measurement基线网base line network基准台，*差分台track station基准纬度latitude of reference激光测高仪laser altimeter激光测距仪laser distance measuring instrument激光测距仪laser ranger激光测深仪laser sounder激光测月（LLR）lunar laser ranging激光地形仪laser topographic position finder激光二极管laser diode （LD）激光绘图机laser plotter激光经纬仪laser theodolite激光目镜laser eyepiece激光扫平仪laser swinger激光水准仪laser level激光投点laser plumbing激光照排机image setter激光指向仪给向setting-out of driving workingdirection by laser gui激光准直法method of laser alignment激光准直仪laser aligner极限误差limit error极移polar motion极坐标定位，*距离方位定位point coordinate positioning方位距离定位法azimuth distance positioning method极坐标定位方法polar positioning method极坐标缩放仪polar pantograph几何大地测量学geometric geodesy几何定向geometric orientation几何反转原理principle of geometric reverse几何模型geometric model几何条件geometric condition几何校正geometric rectification计曲线index contour计算机兼容磁带computer compatible tape （CCT）计算机视觉computer vision计算机制图综合computercartographic generalization既有线站场测量survey of existing station yard加常数addition constant加密点pass point假彩色合成false color composite假彩色摄影false color photography假彩色图像false color image假定坐标系assumed coordinate system间接法纠正indirect scheme ofdigital rectification间曲线half-interval contour监测台，*检测台monitor station监测网monitoring network监督分类supervised classification监视台，*检差台Check station减色印刷reducing color printing剪辑clipping检疫锚法quarantine anchorage建筑工程测量building engineering survey建筑摄影测量architectural photogrammetry建筑物沉降观测building axis survey渐长区间projection interval渐长纬度meridional part江河测量river survey江河图river chart交叉耦合效应，* C-C效应cross-coupling effect交叉网线cross-ruling向甫鲁条件Scheimpflug condition交线条件condition of intersection恰普斯基条Czapski condition交向摄影convergent photography焦距focal length礁石rock教学地图school map接触晒印，接触印刷contact printing接触网屏contact screen接收二极管reception diode接收中心receiving center结点平差Adjustment by method ofjunction point截断误差truncation error截面差改正correction from normalsection to geodesic解析测图analytical mapping解析测图仪analytical plotter解析定向analytical orientation解析纠正analytical rectification解析空中三角测量*电算加密analytical aerotriangulation解析摄影测量analytical photogrammetry解析图根点analytic mapping control point界址点boundary mark金属弹簧重力仪metallic spring gravimeter津格尔[星对]测时法，*东西星等测时法method of time determinationby Zinger star-pair近程定位系统short-range positioning system近井点point for shaft position近景摄影测量close-range photogrammetry近似地形面telluroid近似平差approximate adjustment禁[止抛]锚区anchorage-prohibited area禁航区prohibited area禁区界限forbidden zone boundary line经济地图economic map经纬[线]网fictitious graticule经纬仪theodolite经纬仪transit经纬仪测绘法mapping method with transit经纬仪导线theodolite traverse精[密]度Precision精码P Code / Precise Code精密测距precise ranging精密垂准precise plumbing精密导线测量precise traversing精密工程测量precise engineering survey精密工程控制网precise engineering control network精密估计precision estimation精密机械安装测量precisemechanism installation survey精密立体测图仪precision stereoplotter精密水准测量precise leveling精密水准仪precise level精密星历precise ephemeris精密准直precise alignment井底车场平面图shaft bottom plan井上下对照图surface-underground contrast plan井深工程测量shaft prospectingengineering survey井田区域地形图topographic map of mining area井筒十字中线标定setting-out ofcross line through shaft center井下测量，*矿井测量underground survey井下空硐测量underground cavity survey景观地图landscape map净空区测量clearance limit survey径向畸变radial distortion。

1geomaticsgeodesysurveying and mapping photogrammetryremote sensingglobal positioning system satellitepositioning geographic information systems land managementcomputer graphics2geodetic surveying planesurveyingcontrol surveyhorizontal surveyvertical surveytopographic surveydetail surveyland surveyroute surveypipe surveycity surveyhydrographic surveymarine surveymine survey geological survey3distance measurementprecise rangingpacingdistance measuring instrument,rangefinder EDMgeodimeterelectromagnetic distance measuring instrument electro-optical distance measuring instrument long-range EDM instrumentinfrared EDM instrumentlaser distance measuring instrument , laser ranger microwave distance measuring instrument satellitelaser rangertwo-color laser rangerdistance-measuring errorfixed errorproportional errorsighting distancemultiplication constantaddition constantstadiamultiplication constantstadiaaddition constantstandardfied of lengthnominal accuracystadia hairstadia interval4horizontal anglevertical angledepression anglezenith distanceelevation anglehorizontal circlevertical circleture northgeodetic azimuthgrid bearinggyro azimuthmagnetic azimuthmethod by series , method of direction observation method in all combinations5control networkhorizontalcontrol networkverticalcontrol networkcontrol pointtriangulationtriangulaterationforward intersectionresection side intersectionlinear-angularintersection traversingtraverse pointtraverse legtraverse angleopen traverseclosedtraverse connectingtraverseangle closing error of traversetotal length closing error of traverse closing error in coordinate increment traverse network triangulaterationnetwork triangulationnetwork trilaterationnetworksurvey specifications ,6reference datumHuanghai vertical datum of 1956 nationalvertical datum of 1985 direct leveling , spirit leveling differentialleveling trigonometricleveling barometricleveling gravimetriclevelingriver-crossinglevelingBMlevel rodlevelbacksightforesightheight of instrumentheight of targetelevation differenceannexed leveling line closedleveling linespurleveling linerefraction correctionelevation of sightoptical levelelectronic levelautomatic level , compensator level laser level7instrumentgeomatics engineering geodetic instrumentoptical theodolite electronictheodolitetotal stationrobotictotal stationgeo-robort gyroscopic theodolitedata recorderdata transferautomatictaget recognitioncircular encodersservo motorsremote controlleroptical plummet8law of probabilitytheory or errortrue errorobservation errorinstrumental errorpersonal errorgross errorsystematicerrorrandomerror , accident error probableerrorconstant erroraverageerrorabsoluteerrorrelativeerrorerror of closure , closing error , closure error propagationerror textgrosserror detection tolerancelimiterrorerror of focusing horizontal refraction error index error of vertical circle。

测量学专业英语词汇工程测量engineering survey施工平面图construction plan施工测量construction survey测量控制网surveying control network平面控制网（又称“水平控制网” ）horizontal control network高程控制网vertical control network施工方格网square control network方格网点point of square control network校核基点checking datum mark起测基点starting datum mark主轴线测设setting-out of main axis 建筑轴线测量building axis['aeksis] survey [sa^'ve]平面控制点horizontal [,har9'zant!] control point高程控制点vertical ['vytik!] control point平面坐标horizontal coordinate控制测量control survey高程控制测量vertical control survey控制点control point导线点traverse ['traevys] point水准网leveling ['kvalir]] network水准测量leveling高程点elevation [.Ela'vefan] point地形测量topographic survey初测preliminary survey定测location survey线路平面图route plan三边网trilateration network边角网triangulateration network导线网traverse networt三边测量trilateration survey边角测量tri angu 1 at erat i on导线测量traverse survey闭合导线closed traverse附合导线connecting traverse支导线open traverse水平角horizontal angle垂直角vertical angle建筑工程测量building works survey测站station照准点sighting point斜距slope distance平距horizontal distance放样测量setting—out survey定线测量alignment survey距离测量distance measurement电磁波测距electro一magnetic distance measurement标准检定场standard field of length光电测距导线EDM traverse小三角测量minor triangulation线形锁linear triangulation chain线形网linear triangulation network导线边traverse leg导线折角traverse angle导线结点junction point of traverses导线角度闭合差angle closing error of traverse 导线全长闭合差total length closing error of traverse导线相对闭合差relative length closing error of traverse 导线纵向误差longitudinal error of traverse导线横向误差lateral error of traverse坐标增量increment of coordinate坐标增量闭合差closing error in coordinate increment前方交会[forward] intersection后方交会resection边角交会法linear-angular intersection边交会法linear intersection 复测法repetition method附合水准路线annexed leveling line闭合水准路线closed level ing 1 ine支水准路线spur leveling line 视线高程elevation of sight独立交会高程点elevation point by independent intersection高程导线height traverse严密平差rigorous adjustment近似平差approximate adjustment典型图形平差adjustment of typical figures工程控制网engineering control network施工控制网construction control network变形观测控制网control network for deformation observation 竣工测量finish construction survey大比例尺地形图large scale topographical map小比例尺地形图small scale topographical map直角坐标网rectangular gnid独立坐标系independent coordinate system变形观测deformationobservation位移观测displacement observation沉降观测settlement observation挠度观测deflection observation倾斜观测oblique observation, tilt observation管道测量pipe survey工厂现状图测量survey of present state at industrial site建筑物沉降观测building subsidence observation地下管线测量underground pipeline survey顶管测量underground pipe-driving survey管道综合图synthesis chart of pipelines视准线法collimation line method线路中线测量center line survey, location of route。

最新测绘工程专业英语复习资料及答案第一章1.geoscience:地球科学rmation:信息学；情报学3.monitor:监控；监测；监视；控制；追踪；监控器4.appreciate:增值；涨价；鉴赏；赏识5.dwindle:缩小6.国际标准化组织：International Standardization Organization:7.explicit:清楚的；外在的；直率的8.hydrographic:与水道测量有关的；与水文地理有关的9.海道测量：hydrographic survey:10.p ractitioner:从业者11.e xpertise:专门技术；专家的意见12.f lexibility：适应性；机动性13.i ncorporation:结合；合并；形成法人组织；形成公司14.c oherent:一致的；连贯的15.d emise：死亡；让位；让渡；馈赠16.b lur；弄得模糊不清；涂污；污损17.v isualization:可视化；清楚呈现18.p ertaining：与...有关，附属...的19.i magery：肖像；雕刻影像20.p lotting:标图；测绘21.i llustrative:说明性的；例证性的22.e ntity：实体23.d igitize:将资料数字化24.r egistration:注册；报到；登记25.f orestry:林产；森林地；林学26.地质学；地质概况：geology27.地理学的；地理的:geographical28.i nfrastructure:基础下部组织；下部组织29.导航;航海；航空；领航；navigation30.q uarterly:一年四季的；每季的31.e volve：（使）发展；（使）进展；（使）进化32.c adastre：地籍;地籍簿;地籍图33.地籍测量：cadastral surveying34.s ensor：传感器35.m anipulate：(熟练地)操作;使（机器等）；利用36.s tate-of-the-art：先进的;一流的37.地球物理学：geophysics38.o ceanography：海洋学39.r etrieval：检索;恢复;修补;重获40.e mbrace：拥抱;互相拥抱;包含;收买;拥抱41.测绘学：geomatics42.大地测量学：geodesy43.测绘：surveying and mapping44.摄影测量学：photogrammetry45.遥感（RS）：remote sensing46.全球定位系统（GPS）：global positioning system47.卫星定位：satellite positioning48.地理信息系统（GIS）：geographic information system49.土地管理：land management50.c omputer graphics：计算机图形学第二章1.Artificial （ABC）A、人造的B、假的C、非原产地的D、艺术作品2.Analog（BC）A、相同的B、类似物C、相似体D、一样的3.Category（ABC）A、种类B、类别C、范畴D、种族4.Permanent（AB）A、永久的B、持久的C、永别的D、怀孕5.Spheroid（ABC）A、球状体B、椭球体C、旋转椭球体D、圆球体6.Allowance（ABC）A、容许误差B、容差C、容许量D、误差7.Meridian（ABCD）A、子午线B、正午C、子午线的D、正午的7.Northing（AD）A、北距（向北航行的距离）B、北方C、北边D、北进8.Sophisticate（BCD）A、改变B、弄复杂C、篡改D、使变得世故9.Trench（ABCD）A、沟壕B、堑壕C、管沟D、电缆沟10.Tangent（ABD）A、相切的B、切线的C、切开D、切线8.图表;海图:chart9.Dimensional:空间的10.Monument:纪念碑11.永久标石:permanent monument12.Monumentation:埋石13.外业工作;实地调查;野外作业: fieldwork14.经纬仪:theodolite15.Prerequisite:先决条件16.直径:diameter17.赤道;赤道线:equator18.纬度;范围;地区（复数）:latitude19.经度;经线经度:longitude20.本初子午线:prime meridian21.东西距;朝东方;东行航程:easting22.重力;地心引力:gravity23.gravity field:重力场24.曲率;弯曲:curvature25.铅锤;垂直的;使垂直:plumb26.plumb line:铅垂线27.Trigonometry:三角法28.plane trigonometry:平面三角29.Algebra:代数学30.Analytical:解析的;分析的31.analytical geometry:解析几何32.弦长:chord33.三角形;三角关系:triangle34.Spherical:球形的;球的35.大地水准面:geoid36.Atlantic Ocean:大西洋37.Pacific Ocean:太平洋38.后视:backsight39.前视:foresight40.折光;折射:refraction41.大地测量；大地测量学:geodetic surveying42.平面测量;平面测量学:plane surveying43.控制测量:control survey44.水平测量;平面测量:horizontal surveying45.高程测量;垂直测量:vertical surveying46.地形测量:topographic survey47.碎部测量:detail survey48.土地测量;地籍测量: land survey49.路线测量:route survey50.管道测量:pipe survey51.城市测量:city survey52.hydrographic survey:水道测量53.marine survey:海洋测量54.mine survey:矿山测量55.geological survey:地质测量第三章56.Fundamental（BD）A、基本方法B、基本原则C、基本政策D、基本原理33.Odometer（AD）A、里程表B、计程车C、油耗表D、自动计程仪57.Vehicle（ABCD）A、交通工具B、车辆C、媒介物D、传达手段43.Circumference（BD）A、周长B、周围C、周遭D、圆周41.Stadia（AB）A、视距B、视距仪C、视距测量D、视距尺42.Intercept（BD）A、截断B、截取C、截获D、中途阻止43.Multiply（ABD）A、乘B、增加C、增援D、繁殖44.Nominal（ABCD）A、名义的B、有名无实的C、名字的D、名词性的45.Consequence（ABCE）A、结果推理B、推论C、因果关系D、推开E、重要的地位67.Visibility（ACDE）A、可见度B、可见光C、可见性D、显著E、面向度69.Airborne（BCD）A、空中的B、空气传播的C、空降的D、空运的58.Modulated（ABC）A、已调整的B、已调制的C、被调的D、调制调节器59.Particle（ABCDE）A、粒子B、点C、极小量D、微粒E、质点1.Euclidean space:欧几里德空间2.旋转，革命:revolution3.invar正确答案：第一空：铟瓦第二空：不胀钢4.alloy正确答案：第一空：合金5.coefficient正确答案：第一空：系数6.thermal正确答案：第一空：热的第二空：热量的7.tacheometry正确答案：第一空：视距测量8.望远镜正确答案：第一空： telescope9.manufacturer正确答案：第一空：制造业者第二空：厂商10.topographic正确答案：第一空：地势的第二空：地形学上的11.作为结果而发生的；合成的正确答案：第一空： resultant12.地形正确答案：第一空： terrain13.electromagnetic正确答案：第一空：电磁的14.infrared正确答案：第一空：红外线的第二空：红外线15.distance measurement正确答案：第一空：距离测量16.precise ranging正确答案：第一空：精密测距17.步测，定步正确答案：第一空： pacing18.distance measurement instrument正确答案：第一空：测距仪19.rangefinder正确答案：第一空：测距仪20.electronic distance measurement正确答案：第一空：电子测距仪21.光速测距仪，光电测距仪正确答案：第一空： geodimeter22.electromagnetic distance measureing instrument正确答案：第一空：电磁波测距仪23.elctro-optical distance measuring instrument 正确答案：第一空：光电测距仪24.long-range EDM instrument正确答案：第一空：远程电子测距仪25.infrared EDM instrument正确答案：第一空：红外测距仪ser distance measuring instrument正确答案：第一空：激光测距仪ser ranger正确答案：第一空：激光测距仪28.microwave distance measuring instrument正确答案：第一空：微波测距仪29.satellite laser ranger正确答案：第一空：卫星激光测距仪30.two-color laser ranger正确答案：第一空：双色激光测距仪批语31.测距误差正确答案：第一空： distance-measuring error 32.固定误差正确答案：第一空： fixed error33.比例误差正确答案：第一空： proportional error34.视距正确答案：第一空： sighting distance35.multiplication constant正确答案：第一空：乘常数36.加常数正确答案：第一空： addition constant37.stadia multiplication constant正确答案：第一空：视距乘常数38.视距加常数正确答案：第一空： stadia addition constant 39.standard field of length正确答案：第一空：长度标准检定场40.标称精度正确答案：第一空： nominal accuracy41.视距丝正确答案：第一空： stadia hair42.视距间隔正确答案：第一空： stadia interval一、第四章1.perpendicular A、相交的B、垂直的C、相连的D、正交的正确答案：BD2.projectionA、投影，投影图，地图投影B、投射C、规划D、项目正确答案：ABC3.radiusA、半径B、范围C、辐射光线D、有效航程E、界限正确答案：ABCDE menceA、开始B、开展C、开发D、着手正确答案：AD 5.clampA、夹子B、夹具C、夹钳D、夹住正确答案：ABC6.spindleA、锭子B、纺锤C、纺织D、轴/杆/芯轴正确答案：ABD二.填空题（共39题,86.8分）1.（直线）相交，交叉正确答案：第一空：intersect 2.天顶，顶点，顶峰，最高点正确答案：第一空：zenith3.celestial正确答案：第一空：天上的stial sphere正确答案：第一空：天球5.测角器，倾斜仪正确答案：第一空：clinometer 6.sextant正确答案：第一空：六分仪7.罗盘，指南针，圆规正确答案：第一空：compass8.protractor正确答案：第一空：量角器9.顺时针方向的正确答案：第一空：clockwise10.反时针方向的正确答案：第一空：counterclockwise11.sexagesimal正确答案：第一空：六十的第二空：六十进位的12.sexagesimal system正确答案：第一空：六十分制13.切成两份，对开正确答案：第一空：bisect14.编码器，译码器正确答案：第一空：encoder15.结晶状的，水晶正确答案：第一空：crystal16.liquid crystal displays正确答案：第一空：液晶显示17.diode正确答案：第一空：二极管ht-emitting diode displays正确答案：第一空：发光二极管显示19.钟摆，摇摆正确答案：第一空：pendulum20.补偿器正确答案：第一空：compensator21.供应正确答案：第一空：provision22.indexing正确答案：第一空：标定指数23.初始化正确答案：第一空：initialize24.方位，方位角正确答案：第一空：azimuth25.方向，方位正确答案：第一空：bearing26.象限正确答案：第一空：quadrant27.水平角正确答案：第一空：horizontal angle28.垂直角正确答案：第一空：vertical angle29.俯角正确答案：第一空：depression angle 30天顶距正.确答案：第一空：zenith distance批语31.高度角正确答案：第一空：elevation angle32.水平刻度盘正确答案：第一空：horizontal circle33.竖直度盘正确答案：第一空：vertical circle34.真北正确答案：第一空：true north35.大地方位角正确答案：第一空：geodetic azimuth36.坐标方位角正确答案：第一空：grid azimuth37.磁方位角正确答案：第一空：magnetic azimuth38.方向观测法正确答案：第一空：method by series 第二空：method of direction observation39.method in all combination正确答案：第一空：全组合测角法1.A vertical line at any point on the earth’s surface is the line that follows the direction of gravity at that point.正确答案：地球表面任一点的垂线是指这点上沿着重力的方向的线。

专业英语复习Unit 1 What is Geomatics? geoscience---n,地球科学informatics---n,信息学hydrographic---adj,水利的hydrographic survey---n,水利测量expertise---n,专家的意见flexibility---n,适应性incorporation---n,结合，合并visualization---n,可视化plotting---n,标图，测绘illustrative---adj,说明性的entity---n,实体digitize---v,数字化registration---n,注册，登记forestry---n,林学geology---n,地质学geographical---adj,地理学的，地理的infrastructure---n,基础下部组织，下部构造navigation---n,导航cadastre---n,地籍，地籍图cadastral surveying---地籍测量geophysics---n,地球物理学geomatics---测绘学geodesy---大地测量学surveying and mapping---测绘学photogrammetry---摄影测量学remote sensing(RS)---遥感global positioning system(GPS)---全球定位系统satellite positioning---卫星定位geographic information systems(GIS)---地理信息系统land management---土地管理computer graphics---计算机图形学appreciate---v,增值dwindle---v,减少ISO(International Standards Organization)---国际标准化surveyor---n,测量工作者market---v,定位award titles---授予学位photogrammetrist---n,摄影测量者process---v,处理analyze---v,分析aerial photography---航空影像学database---n,数据库geographic entities---地理实体civil and marine engineering---土木海洋工程demise---v,消失quarterly---adv,一年四次的，四季的aerial---adj,航空的Unit 2 Geodetic Surveying and Plane Surveyingartificial---adj,人造的analog---n,类似物dimensional---adj,空间的monument---n,纪念碑permanent monument---永久标石monumentation---埋石fieldwork---n,野外测量category---n,种类theodolite---n,经纬仪spheroid---n,球状体allowance---n,容许误差diameter---n,直径equator---n,赤道latitude---n,纬度longitude---n,经度meridian---n,子午线prime meridian---本初子午线gravity---n,重力gravity field---重力场curvature---n,曲率plumb---n,铅锤，adj,垂直的plumb line---铅垂线trigonometry---n,三角法chord---n,弦长triangle---n,三角形spherical---adj,球形的sophisticate---vt,弄复杂sophistication---n,复杂；强词夺理geoid---n,大地水准面tangent---adj,相切的n,切线backsight---n,后视foresight---n,前视refraction---n,折光geodetic surveying---大地测量plane surveying---平面测量control survey---控制测量horizontal survey---水平测量vertical survey---高程测量topographic survey---地形测量detail survey---碎部测量land survey---土地测量，地籍测量route survey---路线测量pipe survey---管道测量city survey---城市测量hydrographic survey---水利测量marine survey---海洋测量mine survey---矿山测量geological survey---地质测量feature---n,要素establish---v,建立a spheroid of reference---参考椭球coordinate---n,坐标algebra---n,代数学datum---n,基准面the mean surface of the earth---平均海水面the mean sea level---平均海平面canals---n,地铁boundary---n,边界automatically---adv,自动地real estate---房地产Unit 3 Distance Measurementdistance measurement---距离测量precise measurement---精密测量pacing---步测distance measuring instrument，rangefinder---测距仪EDM（electronic distance measurement）---电子测距仪geodimeter---光电测距仪electromagnetic distance measuring instrument---电磁波测距仪fixed error---固定误差proportional error---比例误差multiplication constant---乘常数addition costant---加常数stadia hair---视距丝stadia interval---视距间隔infrared---n,红外线laser---n,激光microwave---n,微波Unit 4 Angle and Direction Measurement perpendicular---adj,垂直的，正交的intersect---vt,横断,vi,相交，交叉projection---n,投影zenith---n,天顶celestial---adj,天上的celestial sphere---天球radius---n,半径compass---n,罗盘，指南针protractor---n,量角器clockwise---adj,顺时针方向的counterclockwise---adj,逆时针方向的commence---v,开始bisect---v,切成两份，对开spindle---n,轴initialize---vt,初始化azimuth---n,方位，方位角bearing---n,方向，方位quadrant---n,像限horizontal angle---水平角vertical angle---垂直角depression angle---俯角zenith distance---天顶距elevation angle---高度角horizontal circle---水平刻度盘vertical circle---垂直刻度盘true north---真北geodetic azimuth---大地方位角grid bearing---坐标方位角magnetic azimuth---磁方位角method by series,method of direction observation---方向观测法method in all combinations---全组合测角法plus(up) or minus(down) angles---正负角poles---n,极Unit 5 Traversingtraverse---n,导线traversing----导线测量arbitrary---adj,任意的triangulation---n,三角测量trilateration---n,三边测量triangulateration---n,边角测量proposition---n,命题law of sines---正弦定律law of cosine---余弦定律terminate---v,停止property---n,所有物，所有权evenly---adv,均匀地indication---n,指示，迹象consistency---n,一致性alter---v,改变departure---n,横距rectangular---adj,矩形的discrepancy---n,差异apportion---v,分配control network---控制网horizontal control network---平面控制网vertical control network---高程控制网control point---控制点forward intersection---前方交会resection---后方交会side intersection---侧方交会linear-angular intersection---边角交会法linear intersection---边交会法traverse point---导线点traverse leg---导线边traverse angle---导线折角open traverse---支导线closed traverse---闭合导线closed loop traverse---闭合环导线connecting traverse---附和导线angle closing error of traverse---导线角度闭合差total length closing error of traverse---导线全长闭合差closing error in coordinate increment---坐标增量闭合差traverse network---导线网triangulateration network---边角网triangulation network---三角网trilateration network---三边网survey specifications,specifications of surveys---测量规范preliminary---adj,初步的annex---adj,附加的the primary control---首级控制total station---全站议coordinate system---坐标系Unit 6 Methods of Elevation Determinationreference datum---参考基准面direct leveling,spirit leveling---几何水准测量differential leveling---微差水准测量ellipsoid---n,椭球preclude---v,排除reference datum---参考基准面level rod---水准尺level---水准仪elevation difference---高差difference in elevation---高差annexed leveling line---附和水准路线closed leveling line---闭合水准路线spur leveling line---支水准路线refraction correction---折光差改正elevation of sight---视线高程electronic level---电子水准仪automatic level---自动安平水准仪laser lever---激光水准仪optical level---光学水准仪adjusted---v,平差slope---n,斜坡trigonometric leveling---三角高程测量gravimetric leveling---重力水准测量river-crossing leveling---跨河水准测量barometric leveling---气压水准测量BM(benchmark)---水准基点backsight(BS)---后尺foresight(FS)---前尺height of instrument(HI)---仪器高height of target(HT)---目标高target---n,目标Unit 7 Robotic Total Stationprism---n,棱镜layout---n,放样data transfer---数据转换optical plummet---光学对中器a bubble level---水准气泡tripods---n,三角架orbit---n,轨道Unit 8 Errors in Meaeurementgeometric---adj,几何的，几何学的graduated---adj,分级的error propagation---误差传播propagate---v,传播atmospheric---adj,大气的blunder---n,粗差，错误obviate---vt,消除，排除，避免eliminate---vt,消除，排除conscientious---adj,尽责的maintenance---n,维护，保持quantify---vt,量化calibration---n,校准，标度law of probability---概率论theory of error---误差理论true error---真误差observation error---观测误差instrument error---仪器误差personal error---人为误差gross erreo---粗差systematic error---系统误差random error,accident error---偶然误差probable error---或然误差constant error---常差average error---平均误差absolute error---绝对误差relative error---相对误差error of closure,closing error,closure---闭合差error test---误差检验tolerance---n,限差limit error---极限误差horizontal refraction error---水平折光差index error of vertical circle---竖盘指标差gross errors---粗差system errors---系统误差random errors---偶然误差Unit 10 Accuracy and Precision calibrate---v,校准uniformity---n,一致，均匀reproducibility---n,重复能力，再现性scatter---v,分散methodology---n,方法论conform---vt,使一致，使遵从conformity---n,一致，符合indicator---n,指示器confuse---vt,使糊涂，搞乱Unit 18 Construction Layoutarchitect---n,建筑师urban---adj,城市的suburban---adj,郊外的on-site---工地上complexity---n,复杂reestablish---v,重建crew---n,全体人员curb---n,路边engineering survey---工程测量engineering control network---工程控制网construction control network---施工控制网control network for deformation observation---变形观测控制网precision---n,精度sensitivity---n,灵敏度reliability---n,可靠性construction survey---施工测量free station---自由设站法as-built survey---竣工测量setting-out survey,construction layout---施工放样setting-out of main axis---主轴线放样building axis survey---建筑轴线测量property line survey---建筑红线测量construction plan---施工平面图site map---工地总平面图cross section---横断面profile diagram，profile---纵断面图profile survey---纵断面测量cross-section survey---横断面测量Unit 20 Understanding the GPS(1) constellation---n,星群atmospheric drag---大气阻力solar panel---太阳能电池板pseudorange---n,伪距synchronize---v,同步synchronized---adj,同步的segment---n,部分altitude---n,高度，海拔orbital plane---轨道平面a master control station---主控站satellite ranging---卫星测距3-dimensiomal---latitude,longitude,altitude Unit 21 Understanding the GPS(2) ionosphere---n,电离层troposphere---n,对流层interference---n,干扰ephemeris---n,星历表nanosecond---n,纳秒antenna---n,天线space segment---空间部分control segment---控制部分user segment---用户部分GPS receiver ---GPS接收机GPS constellation---GPS星座master control station---主控站monitor station---监控站atomic clock---原子钟clock error---钟差broadcast ephemeris---广播星历precise ephemeris---精密星历Coarse/Acquisition Code (C/A code)---C/A码precise code---精码ionospheric delay---电离层延迟tropospheric delay---对流层延迟multipath effect---多路径效应Selective A vailability(SA)---选择可用性reference receiver---基准接收机roving receiver---流动接收机receiver antenna---接收机天线real-time kinematic(RTK)---实时动态定位differential GPS(DGPS)---差分GPS differential correction---差分改正real-time differential correction---实时差分改正post-processed differential correction---后处理差分改正sunspot---n,太阳黑点Unit 23 GIS Basicsdistinguish---v,区别，辨别attribute---n,属性v,归结于digitizer---n,数字转换器raster---n,光栅vector---n,向量，矢量overlay---n,覆盖，覆盖图buffering---n,缓冲theme---n,主题scanner---n,扫描仪optical disk---光盘floppy disk---软盘magnetic disk---磁带survey documents---测量文档Unit 24 Data Types and Models in GIS resolution---n,分辨度，分辨率postal code---邮递区号meander---v,蜿蜒而流，漫步border---n,边界vegetion---n,植被Unit 28 Fundamentals of Remote Sensing exemplify---vt,例证moisture---n,湿度synthetic aperture radar(SAR)---合成孔径雷达side-looking---adj,侧视的Unit 38concise---adj,简洁familiar---adj,通俗fluid---adj,流畅Author and affiliation---作者和通讯地址Abstract and keywords---摘要和关键字Methods or Procedures---Results and discussion or conclusion--- Acknowledgments---n,致谢Reference---n,参考文献School of Geodesy and Geomatics---测绘学院。

测绘工程专业英语pdf测绘工程专业英语涉及了该领域的专业词汇和表达方式。

以下是一些常见的测绘工程专业英语词汇和短语：1. surveying engineering：测绘工程2. mapping：测绘3. surveying instrument：测绘仪器4. surveying chain：测链5. leveling instrument：水准仪6. theodolite：经纬仪7. global positioning system (GPS)：全球定位系统8. digital elevation model (DEM)：数字高程模型9. digital terrain model (DTM)：数字地形模型10. remote sensing：遥感11. image processing：图像处理12. geographic information system (GIS)：地理信息系统13. map projection：地图投影14. coordinate system：坐标系15. triangulation：三角测量16. traverse surveying：导线测量17. leveling：水准测量18. GPS positioning：GPS定位19. map compilation：地图编制20. photogrammetry：摄影测量21. structure from motion (SfM)：运动结构法22. close-range surveying：近景测量23. LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging)：激光雷达测量24. bathymetry：水深测量25. grading and layout：土方量计算与施工布置26. map updating：地图更新。