英语特殊句型的翻译共29页文档

英语特殊结构的句型比较固定，在纷杂的英语句子中找出一些普遍性和代表性的规律，对理解或翻译颇有裨益。

在尊重汉语习惯表达方式的前提下，如何将英语特殊结构译成准确的汉语，是提高翻译水平的关键问题之一。

1、倒装句英语倒装句，无论是完全倒装，还是部分倒装，都与汉语的语序有差异，翻译时应尊重汉语习惯，将句子理顺。

例：Down came the hammer and out flew the sparks.铁锤一落，火星四溅。

（原句为完全倒装。

）2、强调句翻译好强调句的关键在于掌握好强调句型（It is…that/who/which/…）。

应注意该句型与主语从句意义上的差异。

例：1）It is an unusual person who can live free from financial stress or who can spend money on others as he spends on himself.只有不同寻常的人才能远离经济重压，才能把钱花在别人身上就像花在自己身上一样。

（该句强调an unusual person,在译文中用"只有"两字体现出来。

）试比较主语从句：We had a lot of fun at the beach.It was really a fly in the ointment that George cut his foot on a piece of glass.我们在海滩上玩得很开心，美中不足的是乔治的脚被一块玻璃割破了。

（句中的It为形式主语，代替that引导的主语从句。

a fly in the ointment油膏里有一只苍蝇，喻美中不足。

）3、被动语态英语被动语态使用比较多，尤其是科技论文中特别突出，这与汉语形成鲜明的对照。

在汉语表达中，主动语态比被运语态用得更普遍些。

因此，在进行英译汉时，最好能尊重汉语习惯，将英文被动句转换在汉语主动句。

1．Potluck Party：一种聚餐方式，主人准备场地和餐具，参加的人必须带一道菜或准备饮料，最好事先问问主人的意思。

2．Pull over！把车子开到旁边。

3．Drop me a line！写封信给我。

Give me a ring. = Call me！来个电话吧！4．For here or to go？堂食或外卖。

5．Cool：That's cool! 等於台湾年轻人常用的囗语"酷！"，表示不赖嘛！用于人或事均可6．What's up? = What's happening? = What's new? 见面时随囗问候的话"最近在忙什么？有什么新鲜事吗？"一般的回答是"Nothing much!"或"Nothing new!"7．Cut it out! = Knock it out！= Stop it! 少来这一套！同学之间开玩笑的话。

8．Don't give me a hard time! 别跟我过不去好不好！9．Get yourself together! 振作点行不行！10．Do you have "the" time? 现在几点钟？可别误以为人家要约你出去。

11．Hang in there. = Don't give up. = Keep trying. 再撑一下。

12．Give me a break! 你饶了我吧！（开玩笑的话）13．Hang on. 请稍候。

14．Blow it. = Screw up. 搞砸了。

15．What a big hassle. 真是个麻烦事。

16．What a crummy day. 多倒霉的一天。

17．Go for it. 加油18．You bet. = Of course. 当然；看我的！19．Wishful thinking. 一厢情愿的想法。

英语四级特殊句型如何翻译改革后的翻译是英语四六级考试的又一重难点，也是让考生最头疼的内容，它除了需要我们有一定的词汇积累，也需要我们了解一些常考的句型以及固定搭配，为了方便考生复习，学习拉为大家整理出英语四级翻译必胜的原则一、定语从句可以采取顺势断句译法如：Before I went ，all the partcipants in the scheme were given a short list of words that are in commom use in the UK which Americans would either be confused by or would even offend them。

可以将这个定语从句，拆成两个单独的句子，中间通过重复英语中的先行词，将断开的句子连接起来。

译文：在我动身之前，我们这个项目所有的参与者都得到一小份单词表，上面列出某些在英国通用，而在美国则可能引起他们误解，甚至冒犯他们的词汇。

再如：Working for President Ronald Reagan，Mr。

Bush was a silent and subservient vice president，∥a former rival ∥who gave himself the task of proving his loyalty∥by staying in the background and never ∥speaking out when his beliefs differed from those of his boss。

这本来是一个很长的句子，有定语从句，又有插入语，信息量也较多。

如果不进行合理断句，很难在短时间内把所有信息，完全通顺的翻译出来。

经过断句后，这个定语从句可以采用顺序驱动的方法。

译文：布什先生为里根总统效力时，是一份缄默顺从的副总统，他以前曾是里根的竞争对手，当了副总统以后，他要证实自己对里根的忠诚：他尽量不抛头露面突出自己，在即的观点与上司相左时，他总是把话放到肚子里。

英语特殊结构的翻译技巧英语特殊结构的句型比较固定，在纷杂的英语句子中找出一些普遍性和代表性的规律，对理解或翻译颇有裨益。

在尊重汉语习惯表达方式的前提下，如何将英语特殊结构译成准确的汉语，是提高翻译水平的关键问题之一。

1．倒装句英语倒装句，无论是完全倒装，还是部分倒装，都与汉语的语序有差异，翻译时应尊重汉语习惯，将句子理顺。

例：1）Down came the hammer and out flew the sparks．铁锤一落，火星四溅。

（原句为完全倒装。

）2）Shot by the guerrillas were two entirely innocent tourists．被游击队打死的是两个无辜的游客。

（原句为完全倒装。

）3）Not until the jet engine had come into use could planes travel at supersonic speeds．直到使用喷气发动机之后，飞机才能以超音速飞行。

（原句为部分倒装。

）4）All the engineers could do was bridge it，and that was a hell of a job．But bridge it they did ，and only in twenty-four hours．工程师们所做的就是架桥，这可是一项艰苦的工作。

但是他们却架起了桥，而且只花了24小时。

（倒装句的主动词提前，因句中无情态动词，所以根据其时态加了did，翻译时不必译出。

）5）No matter what measure they took，in no sense could the overflowing tide be controlled．无论采取什么措施，外流的潮流都无法控制。

6）Not only are the different situations arising in practice too numerous，but the technical capacity of the contractors is too uneven to admit of any advice at a distance．这不仅由于实践中出现的情况五花八门，而且施工者的技术能力参差不齐，不可能考虑在远距离外提出任何建议。

Special Translate English1. · 1.Do you have a family?正确译文:你有孩子吗?2.It's a good father that knows his son.就算是最好的父亲,也未必了解自己的儿子.3.I have no opinion of that sort of man.我对这类人很反感.4.She put 5 dollars into my hand,"you have been a great man today."她把5美圆塞到我手上说:"你今天表现得很好."5.I was the youngest son, and the youngest but two.我是最小的儿子,但是我还有两个妹妹.6.The picture flattered her.她比较上照.7.The country not agreeing with her, she returned to England.她杂那个国家水土不服,所以回到了英国.8. He is a walking skeleton.他很瘦.9.The machine is in repair.机器已经修好了.10.He allowed the father to be overruled by the judge, and declared his own son guilty.他让法官的职责战胜了父子的亲情，最终宣布儿子有罪.11.You don't know what you are talking about.你在胡说八道.12.You don't begin to understand what they mean.你根本不知道他们在干嘛.don't begin ：决不13.They didn't praise him slightly.他们大大地表扬了他.14.That's all I want to hear.我已经听够了.15.I wish I could bring you to see my point.你要我怎么说你才能明白呢.16.You really flatter me.你让我受宠若惊.17.He made a great difference.有他没他结果完全不一样.18.You cannot give him too much money.你给他再多的钱也不算多.19.The long exhausting trip proved too much.这次旅行矿日持久,我们都累倒了.20.The monk is only not a dead man.这个和尚虽然活着,但跟死了差不多.21.A surgeon made a cut in the patient's stomach.外科医生在病人胃部打了个洞.22.You look darker after the holiday.你看上去更健康了.23.As luck would have it, he was caught by the teacher again.不幸的是,他又一次被老师逮个正着.24.She held the little boy by the right hand.她抓着小男孩的右手.(这里"by"与"with"动作主语完全相反.)25.Are you there?等于句型:Do you follow me?26.If you think he is a good man, think again.如果你认为他是好人,那你就大错特错了.27.She has blue eyes.她长着双蓝眼睛.28.That took his breath away.他大惊失色.29.Two is company but three is none.两人成伴,三人不欢.30.The elevator girl reads between passengers.开电梯的姑娘在没有乘客时看书."between"="without":相同用法:She modeled between roles.译成:她不演戏时去客串下模特.31.Students are still arriving.学生还没有到齐.32.I must notstay here and do nothing.我不能什么都不做待在这儿.33.They went away as wise as they came.译文：他们一无所获.34.I won’t do it to save my life.译文：我死也不会做.35.Nonsense, I don’t think his painting is any better than yours.译文：胡说，我认为他的画比你好不到哪去.36.Traditionally, Italian presidents have been seen and not heard.译文：这个总统有名无权.37.Better late than the late.译文：迟到总比丧命好.38.You don’t want to do that.译文：你不应该去做。

英语特殊结构的翻译技巧（1）英语特殊结构的句型比较固定，在纷杂的英语句子中找出一些普遍性和代表性的规律，对理解或翻译颇有裨益。

在尊重汉语习惯表达方式的前提下，如何将英语特殊结构译成准确的汉语，是提高翻译水平的关键问题之一。

1．倒装句英语倒装句，无论是完全倒装，还是部分倒装，都与汉语的语序有差异，翻译时应尊重汉语习惯，将句子理顺。

例：1）Down came the hammer and out flew the sparks．铁锤一落，火星四溅。

（原句为完全倒装。

）2）Shot by the guerrillas were two entirely innocent tourists．被游击队打死的是两个无辜的游客。

（原句为完全倒装。

）3）Not until the jet engine had come into use could planes travel at supersonic speeds．直到使用喷气发动机之后，飞机才能以超音速飞行。

（原句为部分倒装。

）4）All the engineers could do was bridge it，and that was a hell of a job．But bridge it they did ，and only in twenty-four hours．工程师们所做的就是架桥，这可是一项艰苦的工作。

但是他们却架起了桥，而且只花了24小时。

（倒装句的主动词提前，因句中无情态动词，所以根据其时态加了did，翻译时不必译出。

）5）No matter what measure they took，in no sense could the overflowing tide be controlled．无论采取什么措施，外流的潮流都无法控制。

6）Not only are the different situations arising in practice too numerous，but the technical capacity of the contractors is too uneven to admit of any advice at a distance．这不仅由于实践中出现的情况五花八门，而且施工者的技术能力参差不齐，不可能考虑在远距离外提出任何建议。

英语特殊句型的翻译（惯用法结构）I. it作先行主语和先行宾语的一些句型的翻译。

1. She had said what it was necessary to say.2. It is no time for me to hide anything.3. It is not common for him to receive letters.4. How was it possible for so great a commerce to flourish?5. It is not supposed to be easy for women to rise to the height oftaking the large free view of anything—anything which calls for action.6. Make it the first object to be able to fix and hold your attentionupon your studies.7. The fog made it difficult to calculate the distance.8. Rumor has it that there will be war.9. I have heard it remarked by a statesman of high reputation thatmost great men have died of overeating themselves.II. 强调句型的翻译1. It is not who rules us that is important, but how he rules us.2. It is to men like Edison that we should be grateful.3. It is only shallow people who judge by appearance.4. Yet it is not he who sings loudest and jokes most that has thelightest heart.5. He is an interpreter, one whose duty it is to act as a bridge orchannel between the minds of his readers.III. “all+抽象名词”或“抽象名词+itself”的译法1. He was all gentleness to her.2. While she was waiting for the tinkling of the bell, all nerves,suddenly he stood before her.3. To his superiors, he is humility itself.4. Washington was discretion itself in the use of speech, nevertaking advantage of an opponent, or seeking a short-lived triumph in a debate.IV. 利用词汇重复表示强调的翻译。

英语考试必背的62个句型（翻译版）句型1：There＋be ＋主语＋地点状语/ 时间状语意思：某地存在（有）某物There's a boat in the river.河里有条船。

句型2：What’s wrong with＋sb. / sth. ？意思：某人/某物怎么了（有什么问题）？What's wrong with your watch？你的手表有什么毛病？句型3：How do you like...？意思：你觉得......怎么样？How do you like China？你觉得中国怎么样？句型4：What do you like about...？意思：你喜欢......的什么？What do you like about China？你喜欢中国的什么？句型5：had better（not）＋动词原形意思：最好（不要）做某事You'd better ask that policeman over there. 你最好去问问那边的那个警察。

句型6：How＋adj. / adv. ＋主语＋谓语！What a/ an＋adj. ＋n. ＋主语＋谓语！意思：......多么......啊！How cold it is today ！今天多冷啊！What a fine picture it is！多美的一幅图画呀！句型7：Thank＋sb. ＋for（doing）sth.意思：因某事而感谢某人Thank you for coming to see me.感谢你来看我。

句型8：So＋be/ 情态动词/ 助动词＋主语意思：某人也是同样的情况（某人也是）He is a student. So am I.他是一个学生，我也是。

句型9：... not ... until ...意思：直到......才......He didn't have supper until his parents came back. 直到他的父母回来他才吃饭。