(完整版)电力专业英语阅读与翻译部分课后长句

Section 1 Introduction 第一节介绍The modern society depends on the electricity supply more heavily than ever before.现代社会比以往任何时候对电力供应的依赖更多。

It can not be imagined what the world should be if the electricity supply were interrupted all over the world. 如果中断了世界各地的电力供应，无法想像世界会变成什么样子Electric power systems (or electric energy systems), providing electricity to the modern society, have become indispensable components of the industrial world. 电力系统（或电力能源系统），提供电力到现代社会，已成为产业界的不可缺少的组成部分。

The first complete electric power system (comprising a generator, cable, fuse, meter, and loads) was built by Thomas Edison –the historic Pearl Street Station in New York City which began operation in September 1882. 托马斯爱迪生建立了世界上第一个完整的电力系统（包括发电机，电缆，熔断器，计量，并加载）它就是位于纽约市具有历史意义的珍珠街的发电厂始于1882年9月运作。

This was a DC system consisting of a steam-engine-driven DC generator supplying power to 59 customers within an area roughly 1.5 km in radius. The load, which consisted entirely of incandescent lamps, was supplied at 110 V through an underground cable system. 这是一个直流系统，由一个蒸汽发动机驱动的直流发电机其供电面积约1.5公里至59范围内的客户。

第一章第一节电力系统基本结构Part 1 Basic Construction of Electric Power SystemBasic Concepts of Electric Power System电能是一种理想的能力形式，便于传输和使用，而且很清洁，对环境和大气无污染，因此自被发现以来，电能发展迅速并且利用广泛。

电能的产生、输送和消耗过程就在这一被称为电力系统的整体化系统中实现。

Electricity is an ideal energy form, which is convenient to deliver and use, and is clean without polluting our environmentand atmosphere. The generation, delivery and consumption of electricity are realized in an integrated system which is calledelectric power system or power system.一个电力系统包括三个基本部分：发电系统、输电系统和配电系统，如图1-1 所示An electric power system consists of three principal divisions: power generation, power transmission system, and powerdistribution systems, as shown in Fig.1.1图1-1 电力系统的三个基本部分用户从电力系统取用的所有电能都是在某种形式的电厂（或者称作电站）中产生的。

发电是整个电能利用过程的第一环节。

All the electricity the consumers take from the power system is generated in a power plant, or called power station, of somekind. Power generation is the first stage of the whole progress of the utilization of electric energy.输电系统连接发电和配电系统，并经过网络互连通向其他电力系统。

电子专业词汇翻译1 backplane 背板2 Band gap voltage reference 带隙电压参考3 benchtop supply 工作台电源4 Block Diagram 方块图5 Bode Plot 波特图6 Bootstrap 自举7 Bottom FET Bottom FET8 bucket capcitor 桶形电容9 chassis 机架10 Combi-sense Combi-sense11 constant current source 恒流源12 Core Sataration 铁芯饱和13 crossover frequency 交叉频率14 current ripple 纹波电流15 Cycle by Cycle 逐周期16 cycle skipping 周期跳步17 Dead Time 死区时间18 DIE Temperature 核心温度19 Disable 非使能，无效，禁用，关断20 dominant pole 主极点21 Enable 使能，有效，启用22 ESD Rating ESD额定值23 Evaluation Board 评估板24 Exceeding the specifications below may result in permanent dam age to the device, or device malfunction. Operation outside of the parameters specified in the Electrical Characteristics section is not i mplied. 超过下面的规格使用可能引起永久的设备损害或设备故障。

建议不要工作在电特性表规定的参数范围以外。

25 Failling edge 下降沿26 figure of merit 品质因数27 float charge voltage 浮充电压28 flyback power stage 反驰式功率级29 forward voltage drop 前向压降30 free-running 自由运行31 Freewheel diode 续流二极管32 Full load 满负载33 gate drive 栅极驱动34 gate drive stage 栅极驱动级35 gerber plot Gerber 图36 ground plane 接地层37 Henry 电感单位：亨利38 Human Body Model 人体模式39 Hysteresis 滞回40 inrush current 涌入电流41 Inverting 反相42 jittery 抖动43 Junction 结点44 Kelvin connection 开尔文连接45 Lead Frame 引脚框架46 Lead Free 无铅47 level-shift 电平移动48 Line regulation 电源调整率49 load regulation 负载调整率50 Lot Number 批号51 Low Dropout 低压差52 Miller 密勒53 node 节点54 Non-Inverting 非反相55 novel 新颖的56 off state 关断状态57 Operating supply voltage 电源工作电压58 out drive stage 输出驱动级59 Out of Phase 异相60 Part Number 产品型号61 pass transistor pass transistor62 P-channel MOSFET P沟道MOSFET63 Phase margin 相位裕度64 Phase Node 开关节点65 portable electronics 便携式电子设备66 power down 掉电67 Power Good 电源正常68 Power Groud 功率地69 Power Save Mode 节电模式70 Power up 上电71 pull down 下拉72 pull up 上拉73 Pulse by Pulse 逐脉冲（Pulse by Pulse）74 push pull converter 推挽转换器75 ramp down 斜降76 ramp up 斜升77 redundant diode 冗余二极管78 resistive divider 电阻分压器79 ringing 振铃80 ripple current 纹波电流81 rising edge 上升沿82 sense resistor 检测电阻83 Sequenced Power Supplys 序列电源84 shoot-through 直通，同时导通85 stray inductances. 杂散电感86 sub-circuit 子电路87 substrate 基板88 Telecom 电信89 Thermal Information 热性能信息90 thermal slug 散热片91 Threshold 阈值92 timing resistor 振荡电阻93 Top FET Top FET94 Trace 线路，走线，引线95 Transfer function 传递函数96 Trip Point 跳变点97 turns ratio 匝数比，＝Np / Ns。

A decrease in the field current gives rise to lagging (inductive) current in the stator; and increase in the field current that overexcites the motor causes a leading (capacitive) current to appear in the stator.励磁电流减小时，定子电流感性增强；励磁电流增加使电机过励时将在定子中产生容性电流。

An induction machine is an AC two-winding unit in which only one (primary, usually the stator) winding is supplied with an alternating current at a constant frequency ω1 from an external source.感应电机是一种具有双绕组的交流电气设备，它只有一个绕组（一次侧，通常是定子）通过外电源输入固定频率为ω1的交变电流。

Current transformers for protection are essentially similar to those used for the operation of ammeters, watthourmeters and other instruments.保护用电流互感器基本上同操作用的电流表、电能表和其他仪器类似。

DG planning also involves arranging for connection of the renewable power generator with the local grid, and for support of any local electric load when the renewable source is not available.分布式发电规划还包括安排可再生能源发电机与地方电网相连接，这样当可再生能源不可用时，本地电力负荷仍能得到支持。

1、汉译英1)直流电路direct current circuits2)放大器（扩音器）amplifier3)模拟电子技术analog electronics4)半导体二极管semiconductor diode5)晶体管效应transistor effect6)微处理器microprocessor7)电气工程electrical engineering8)能源工程（或电力工程）power engineering9)通信工程telecommunications engineering10)内部器件internal devices11)电子元件electrical components12)欧姆定律Ohm law13)限制电流limit current14)分压器voltage divider15)晶体管偏置电路transistor biasing circuits16)阻碍电流block DC current17)存储点能store electrical energy18)感抗inductive reactance19)绝缘材料insulating material20)交流阻抗AC resistancea)通用仪表general-purpose meterb)模拟仪表analog meterc)交换测试笔reverse the test leadsd)机械调节mechanical adjuste)测量电阻measure resistancef)正向电压positive voltageg)测量电流measure currenth)电压幅度voltage amplitudei)双踪示波器dual-trace oscilloscopej)信号发生器signal generator21)PN结PN junction22)三极管bipolar transistor23)电子和空穴electron and hole24)稳压电源electronic power supply或steady DC voltage source25)桥式整流器bridge rectifier26)脉冲直流电pulsating DC27)二极管的正极anode of diode28)峰值电压peak voltage29)电容滤波器capacitor filter30)充电和放电charge and discharge31)稳压管Zener diode32)电器电子工程师学会IEEE(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)33)专业技术组织technical professional association34)基尔霍夫电压定律Kirchhoff’s V oltage Law35)电压源voltage sources36)电荷守恒定律the law of conservation of electric charge37)在每一瞬时at every instant of time38)元件两端的电压voltages across elements39)无线电传输radio transmission40)频率调制或调频frequency modulation41)频域the frequency domain42)线性电阻linear resistor43)调幅波形amplitude modulation wave44)专用集成电路（ASIC）45)快速时间响应fast response time46)有效信号valid signal47)十进制数字系统decimal system48)逻辑运算logic operation1)控制信号线the control bus2)中断线interrupt lines1)结构化语言structured language2)局部变量local variables3)副作用side effect4)汇编语言指令assembly language instructions1)静止图像still image2)阴极射线管，显像管CRT or the cathode ray tube3)像素pixel4)电子束electron beam2、英译汉1)assembler language汇编语言2)alternating current circuits交流电路3)passive electrical circuits无源电路4)three phase circuits三相电路5)digital electronics数字电子技术6)logic gates逻辑门7)3D virtual reality image三维虚拟图像8)computer programming计算机编程9)major in（在大学里）主修10)advanced programming techniques高级编程技术1)known as capacitive reactance称为容抗2)with units ohms单位为欧姆3)prevent device from burning out防止器件烧掉4)has an AC resistance to AC current对交流电流由阻抗5)adjustment with a screw用一个螺丝调节6)in the shape of a cylinder 呈圆柱形式7)block DC current，but pass AC current阻直流通交流8)to vary the inductance改变电感9)be given by the formula 由公式给出10)the RF amplifier 音频放大器1)analog multimeter模拟万用表2)extended range扩展范围3)specific meters特殊仪表4)includes the function and range switches具有功能及范围选择旋钮5)present an electronic picture呈现一幅电子图像6)display the voltage waveform显示电压波形7)appear on the screen在屏幕上出现8)phase relationships相位关系9)an example例如，作为一个例子10)in series with the circuit串连接入电路1)Semiconductor material半导体材料2)forward biased正向偏置3)depend on the external circuit resistance取决于外部电路的电阻4)excessive reverse-biased voltage过高的反偏电压5)is directly proportional to the amount ofbase current是正比于基极电流6)may even appear almost as a short几乎可看成是短路7)cause stability problems for a transistorcircuit引起晶体管电路的稳定性问题8)digital technology数字技术9)the most popular technology最常用的技术10)use two complementary typeset oftransistors N-channel and P-channel用两种互补型的晶体管——N沟道和P沟道1)equipment operation设备的运行2)device that converts AC into DC把交流电转换成直流电的器件3)the power lines电源线4)depending on the value of DC voltageneeded 根据所需要的直流电压值5) a half-wave rectifier平波整流器6)so as to produce a constant DC output从而产生一个稳定的直流输出7)in the negative side of the capacitor在电容的负极8)flow through the load流过负载9)in the forward-biased condition在加正向偏置电压的条件下10) a series（current-limiting）resistor一个串联（限制电流）电阻1)current source电流源2)under this circumstance在这种情况下3)present the second of Kirchhoff’s laws给出基尔霍夫第二定律4)introduce the concept of a “loop”引入“回路”的概念5)An alternative statement of KVLKVL的另一种表述法6)voltages algebraically sum电压代数和7)sinusoidal steady-syate response正弦稳态响应8)ordinary household voltage日常用电的电压9)time-invariant circuit时不变电路10)percentage of modulation调制百分比reduce the power consumption减小消耗功率flip-flop 触发器the octal and hexadecimal systems当时钟脉冲信号来到时改变状态①直流电路direct current circuits②放大器（扩音器）amplifier③欧姆定律Ohm law④正极positive electrode⑤充电与放电Charge and discharge⑥无线电传输Radio transmission⑦模拟仪表Analogue Meters⑧模拟电子技术analog electronics⑨半导体二极管semiconductor⑩晶体管效应transistor effect⑪微处理器microprocessor⑫通信工程telecommunications engineering ⑬汇编语言assembler language⑭电子元件electrical components⑮限制电流limit current⑯分压器voltage divider⑰偏置电路biasing circuits⑱阻碍电流block DC current⑲感抗inductive reactance⑳容抗capacitive21正向电压positive voltage22扩展范围extended range23电压波形voltage waveform24连接入电路in series with the circuit25PN结PN junction 26三极管bipolar transistor27电子与空穴electron and hole28半导体材料semiconductor material29正向偏置forward biased30数字技术digital technology31桥式整流器bridge rectifier32稳压管Zener diode33电源线the power lines34在电容的负极in the negative side of the capacitor 在加正向偏置的条件下in the forward-biased condition一个串联电阻 a series (current-limiting)resistor35电压源voltage sources36在每一瞬时at every instant of time37无线电传输radio transmission38频率调制或调频frequency modulation39快速时间响应fast response time40有效信号valid signal41结构化语言structured language42局部变量local variables43副作用side effect44静止图像still image45阴极射线管pixel46电子束electron beam1.resistors are used to limit current flowing to adevice ,thereby preventing it from burning out, as voltage dividers to reduce voltage for other circuits, as transistor biasing circuits, and to serve as circuit loads.电阻常用做限流器，限制流过器件的电流防止烧坏器件，电阻也可用作分压器，以减小其他电路电压，还可以用在晶体管偏执电路中和作为电路负载。

unit1 taxe A 电力变压器的结构和原理在许多能量转换系统中，变压器是一个不了缺少的原件。

它使得在经济的发电机所产生电能并以最经历的传输电压传输电能，同时对于特定的使用者合适的电压使用电能成为可能。

变压器同样广泛的应用于低功率低电流的电子电路和控制电路中，来执行像匹配电源组抗和负载以求得最大的传输效率。

隔离一个电路与另一个电路在两个电路之间隔离直流电而保证交流电继续通道的功能。

在本质上，变压器是一个由两个或多个绕组通过相互的磁通耦合而组成的，如果这其中的一个绕组，原边连接到交流电压源将产生交流磁通它的幅值决定于原边的电压所提供的电压频率及匝数。

感应磁通将与其他绕组交链，在副边中将感应出一个电压其幅值将取决于副边的匝数及感应磁通量和频率。

通过使原副边匝数比例适应，任何所期望的电压比例或转换比例都可以得到。

变压器工作的本质仅要求存在与两个绕组相交链的时变的感应磁通。

这样的作用也可以发生在通过空气耦合的两组绕组中，但用铁心或其他铁磁材料可以使绕组之间的耦合作用增强，因为一大部分磁通被限制在与两个绕组交链的高磁导率的路径中。

这种变压器通常被称作为心式变压器。

大部分变压器都是这种类型。

以下的讨论几乎全部围绕心事变压器。

为减少铁心中的涡流所产生的损耗，磁路通常由一叠薄的叠片所组成。

如图1.1所示两种常见的结构形式用示意图表示出来。

芯式变压器的绕组绕在两个矩形铁心柱上，壳式变压器的绕组绕在三个铁心柱中间的那个铁心柱上，。

0.14毫米厚的硅钢片通常被用于在低频率低于几百Hz下运行的变压器中，硅钢片具有价格低铁心损耗小，在高磁通密度下，磁导率高的理想性能，能用做高频率低能耗的标准的通讯电路中的小型变压器的铁心是由被称为铁氧体的粉末压缩制成的铁磁合金所构成的。

在这些结构中，大部分的磁通被限制在固定的铁心中与两个绕组相交链。

绕组也产生多余的磁通，像漏磁通，只经过一个绕组和另外的绕组不相交链。

虽然漏磁通只是所有磁通的一小部分，但它在决定变压器的运行情况中起着重要的作用。

阅读理解Passage 1 Have you ever seen a moon that looks unbelievably big?1.To what do we (all of these)2.The main purpose inform.3.The author mysterious.4.The moon looks it is near the horizon5.The autumn moon helps farmers seePassage 2 Strange thing happens to time when you travel.1.The best title How Time Changes Around the World.2.The difference is one hour.3.From this selection is divided into five time zones.4.The international the point where a new day begins.5.If you cross the ahead one hour in each new time zone.Passage 3 The diner is only a humble restaurant, but it has a special place in American life.1.What?s the main idea of paragraph 2? The attraction of different people.2.The purpose of the last paragraph is to give a summary of the whole passage.3.Why do truck drivers like a diner?It’s a haven against loneliness.4.Diners rattact many different kinds of people.5.Diners are fascinating.Passage 4 Doctors have known for a long time that extremely loud noises1.Doctors have long known tha t one may lose his hearing when he hears a terribly loud noise.2.This passage suggests that one?s hearing will be damaged even if he has heard a loud noise for onlylittle more than one second.3.According to this passage, one conclusion you can draw is that aspirin makes hearing damage fromloud noise worse.lions of Americans are in danger of suffering hearing loss because they take too much aspirin.5.The purpose of the experiment the American scientist did was to find whether aspirin would increasethe temporary hearing damage from loud noises.Passage 5Just two months ago, Ana, a teenager, was preparing for1.Ana realizes that she must do well on the exam .2.Ana has been studying English for seven years.3.Ana experiences difficulty with the professor’s lectures.4.Ana tells the interviewers about her family.5.The best main idea for the first paragraph is Ana comes through with flying colorsPassage6 Any mistake made in the printing of a stamp raises its value to stamp collectors.1. A postage stamp?s value to collectors is raised if a mistake is made in the printing.2.In 1847 most countries of the world were not yet using postage stamps.3.In 1847, the mistake on the locally printed postage stamps was in the wording4.$16800 is the collector?s value of the Twopenny Blue.5.The valuable stamps were designed by British printers.Passage 7 The communications explosion is on the scale of the rail, automobile or telephone1.By saying that he takes may images of his children, the author wants to display the influence ofcommunications on life .2.The author most probably thinks the communications dust is amazing.13.Which of the following statements about the low-orbit satellites is true? The low-orbit satellites wouldreplace towers and poles functionally.4.According to the passage, an optical-fiber audio-video link can enable us to talk and see each other nomatter where we are.5.The phrase “each one”(Line2, para.5) can be best replaced by each car.Passage 8 J apan is getting tough about recycling-and not in the paper and plastic kind of way.1.According to the present regulations of Japan, the recycling of paper and plastic will be theresponsibility of the consumers.2.Which of the following is NOT the character of plastics? It retains its original strength throughreprocessing.3.According to the passag e, the term “plastic sandwich” refers to a kind of plastics with differentintegration in each layer.4.In the passage, it is implied but NOT stated that 21-inch TV with magnesium case isn’t very popularso far.5.The author writes this passage in order to inform.Passage 9 A friend of mine, in response to a conversation we were having about the injustice1.The author thought of his friend?s question as a good one because like his friend, he also thought lifewas unfair.2.Surrendering to the fact that life isn?t fair will make us know it’s our duty to perfect things.3.The second paragraph of the passage mainly discusses it’s nice to accept the injustice of life.4.In the last paragraph, “this very basic fact” refers to thefact that life isn’t and won’t be fair.5.Fro m the passage, we can learn that the author?s attitude tolife is positive.Passage 10 People appear to be born to compute. The numericalskills of children develop so1.What does the passage mainly discuss? The development of mathematical ability in children.2. 2.From the passage we can know that children begin to master simple counting soon after they learnto walk and talk.3.In this passage the author?s attitude towards “children?s numerical skills” is objective.4.According to the study of psychology, children didn’t think that quantity is unchanged as water poursfrom one glass to another with a different shape.5.Which of the following statements would be the author most likely disapprove of? Children learnmathematics naturally and easily.Passage 11 A new technology is going to ripe, one that could transform our daily lives,1.As is indicated in the passage, the technology of superconductivity is still under development2.The new technology differs from the others in that it is being cultivated in research labs around theworld .3.What does the author most probably think of the changes the new technology will bring to the world?Dramatic.4.From the passage, we may conclude that Asian scientists gain the lead in the growth of the newtechnology.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? Superconductivity: A New Technology. Passage12 People become quite illogical when they try to decide what can be eaten and what cannot,1.The word “repulsive” most probably means “disgusting”2.We can infer from the second paragraph that when collecting the snails, the author was angry becausethey might damage his beloved plants.3.The author finds that snails are the most controversial food4.The best title of this passage might be “One Man’s Meat is Another Man’s Poison “5.As indicated in the passage , people love different foods mainly because They learn to eat certainfoods in their families.Passage13 All the useful energy at the surface of the earth comes from the activity of the sun.1.The sun is the source of all of the following EXCEPT atomic power.2.Radiant energy is stored as carbon compounds by plants.3. The sun?s energy provides us with all EXCEPT water4.The largest part of the light energy directed towards the earthis absorbed by the earth’satmosphere5.Of the sun?s total output of radiant energy,the earth receives a very small portionPassage14 The market is a concept .If you are growing tomatoes inyou backyard for sale you66.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?B what’s the market?67.All of the following acts are producing for the market EXCEPT attending a night school68.You are buying from the market when you dine at a restaurant69.The word “real ”in the last paragraph may most probably mean concrete70.In what way is the market very real for eacj person or businessmen who is making and selling something? It tells you what to producePassage15 X-rays were first discovered by a German scientist, Wilhelm Konrad Rontgen,in 1985,1.what puzzled Rontgen one day during his experiment was some radiation coming through the covered tube.2.The screen didn?t stop glowing even when it was moved to the next room3.Rontgen put his hand between the rays and a photographic plate in order to find out more about the rays4.The rays proved to be incapable of passing through bone5.From the passage ,we know X-rays are invisiblePassage16 Body clocks1.According to the passage, one can help maintain balance in the “body clock”2.Irregular signs shown by “body clock” may serve as a warning of possible illnesses3.We tend to do physical exercise early in the afternoon because our body is most active ten4.The author suggests that the best time to study is at nigh t5.According to the passage we are most likely to day-dream every hour in the day time.Passage17 Plastic are materials which are softened by heat san set into lasting form1.The word “sympathetic”in paragraph 2 most probably means agreeable.2.It can be concluded from this passage that plastics are cheap as antiques3.Which of the following is necessary to create any type of plastics? Carbon4.Plastics that harden into permanent shapes are called thermosetting.5.Which of the following is the best title for the passage? The Development of plastics as an Modern M Passage18 When we analyze thesalt salinity of ocean waters, we find that it varies only slightly1.This passage mainly tells us about The causes of the variation in oceanic salinity.2.It can be inferred from the passage that increase in the salinity of ocean waters is caused by evaporation.3.Which of the following is not that cause of the decrease in the oceanic salinity? Formation of sea ice.4.Which of the following statements is true according to the whole passage? The temperature of the water has much to do with the oceanic salinity.5.The purpose of mentioning the Weddell Sea is to give an example of cold-water salinity.Passage19 The science of meteorology is concerned with the study of the structure ,1.Which of the following is the best title for the passage? Approaches to the Science of Meteorology.2.The predictions of synoptic meteorologists are directly based on the preparation and study of weather maps.3.Which of the following is not referred to be the author as afield whose needs are served by weather forecasting? Sports4.The author implies that increased accuracy in weather forecasting will lead to greater protection of human life and property.5.In the last sentence of the passage ,the phrase “these tools” refers to mathematics and physicsPassage20 As we have seen, the focus of medical care in our society has been shifting from1.Today medical care is placing more stress on removing people’s bad living habits.2.In the first paragraph, people are reminded that good health is more than not being ill.3.Traditionally, a person is considered” well” if he is free from any kind of disease.4.According to the author, the true meaning of “wellness”is for people to strive to maintain the best possible health.5.According to what the author advocates, which of the following groups of people would be considered healthy? People who try to be as healthy as possible, regardless of their limitations.Passage21 If you want to teach your children how to say sorry , you must be good at1.If a mother adds “but” to an apology, the child may feel that he owes her an apology.2.According to the author, saying “I?m sorry you …re upset” most probably means “I’m aware you’re upset, but I’m not to blame”3.It is not advisable to use the general, all-covering apology because it is vague and ineffective4.We learn from the last paragraph that in teaching children to say sorry their ages should be taken into account.5.It can be inferred from the passage that apologizing properly is not as simple at it seemsPassage22 Scratchy throats, stuffy noses and body aches all spell misery, but being able1.According to the author, knowing the cause of the misery will help shorten the duration of the illness.2.We learn from the passage that over-the-counter drugs can be taken to ease the misery cause by a cold or the flu.3.According to the passage, to combat the flu effectively, one should take medicine upon catching the disease.4.Which of the following symptoms will distinguish the flu from a cold? A high temperature5.If children have flu-like symptoms, their parents are advised not to give them aspirin.Passage23 Sign has become a scientific hot button. Only in the past 20 years have specialists1. The study of sign language is thought to be a challenge to traditional views on the nature of language.2.The present growing interest in sign language was stimulated by an English teacher in a university for the deaf.3.According to Stokoe, sign language is a genuine language4.Most educators objected to Stokoe?s idea because they thought a language could only exist in the form of speech sounds.5.Stokoe?s argument is based on his belief that language is a product of the brain.Passage24 It is hard to track the blue whale, the ocean’s largest creature, which has almost1.The passage is chiefly about the civilian use of a military detection system.2.The underwater listening system was originally designed to trace and locate enemy vessels.3.The deep-sea listening system makes use of the unique property of layers of ocean water in transmitting sound.4.It can be inferred from the passage that military technology has great potential in civilian use5. Which of the following is true about the U.S Navy underwater listening network?It is now partly accessible to civilian scientists.Passage25 You never see them , but they’re with you every time you fly. They record1.What dose the author say about the black box? It is an indispensable device in an airplane2.What information could be found from the black box on the Yemeni airliner? Date for analyzing the cause of the crash.3.Why was the black box redesign in 1965? The early models oftengot damaged in the crash.4.Why did the Federal Aviation Authority require the black boxes be painted orange or yellow? To make them easily identifiable.5.What do we know about the black boxer from Air France Flight 447? There is still a good chance of their being recovered.Passage26 New technology links the world as never before. Ourplanet has shrunk .It’s now1.What is the author?s attitude toward high-teach communications equipment? Positive2.With the increased use of high-teach communications equipment, businesspeople are attaching more importance to their overseas business.3.In this passage, “out of sight and out of main” (lines2-3,part.3) probably means missing opportunities for promotion when abroad4.According to the passage, what is an important consideration of international corporations in employing people today? Ability to speak the client’s language.5.The advantage of employees having foreign language skills is that they can better control the whole negotiation process.Passage27 A properly designed electricalsystem1.when there is some Produce dangerous heat2.Want will circuit breaks It will cut the electrity3.What?s the function of To supply electrity4.Through electrity wiring The electrity meteroutside5.How does a circuit breaker It cuts off electrity supplyPassage28 Every hour the sun beams onto earth1.From the first a technology2.What is the percentage of Less than one thousandth3.Where can photovoltaic cells on rooftops4.In solar thermal power as a heat source5.By what can the sun?s By moveable mirrorsPassage29 Researchers say people traveling1.The main reason A polluted air2.Those who would be women driving in a car3.Which of the following Pollutants from vehicles4.People living near highways more likely to die阅读理解5.Which of the following Traffic and Heart AttacksPassage30Congratulations. Your decision to stop1.On what does the author On the deciding to quit2.The purpose of the supporting help smokers give up smoking3.Where can people get further From the national newspapers4.Which of the following is a factor Care about the people around you5.What is the author?s opinion about To write down their reasons and alwaysPassage31Unwanted sound,or noise,such as that1.Noise pollution can lower productivity2.Which of the following is the main factor lntensity of sound3.Where is the noise pollution most serious ln airports4.Which sound can most people?s ears pick up sound of 15000hertz5.What method is suitable for noise protection wearing ear protectionPassage32A smart grid incorporates consumer equipment1.What can customers know through Their electrical consumption and pattern2.One of the advantages of smart grid is customers can save and even sell energy3.What can larger commercial bussiness They can provide power during peak4.What can a smart grid help customers to do To manage their enery consumption wisely5.Which of the following would be Introduction of Smart GridPassage33 In economic terms,electrity is a commodity.An electrity market is a system buy or sell electricity2.What is the price set for short term The principles of supply and damand3.Who will be responsible for managerment Marker operators4.The restuctcring of electic power system is the restructuring of natural gas markets5.Why is Chilean model considered successful Because it has solved several structural problems Passage34 Large airports with lots of international traffic have employees1.Several languages are spoken to guide passengers in Mang large internationalairports2.How are the airports named in the US? Sometimes they are named after the city they are in3.Which airport can be found in Seattle? Seatac4.Which of the foiiowing statements is True After a long flight of time zones your may5.If you leave your things in the airport,you can the lost and found6。

电气工程及其自动化专业英语课后翻译The pony was revised in January 2021——电流之比才是恒定的，并且这个比值也取决于温度以及其它环境因素。

我们通常应当把线性电阻器仅仅称为电阻器。

只有当需要强调元件性质的时候才使用更长的形式称呼它。

而对于任何非线性电阻器我们应当始终这么称呼它，非线性电阻器不应当必然地被视为不需要的元件。

如果一个电路有两个或多个独立源，求出具体变量值（电流或电压）的一种方法是使用节点分析法或网孔分析法。

另一种方法是求出每个独立源对变量的作用然后把它们进行叠加。

而这种方法被称为叠加法。

叠加法原理表明线性电路某个元件两端的电压（或流过元件的电流）等于每个独立源单独作用时该元件两端的电压（或流过元件的电流）的代数和。

相电压与相电流之比等于电路的阻抗，符号为字母Z ，阻抗是一个具有量纲为欧姆的复数量。

阻抗不是一个相量，因此不能通过把它乘以 并取其实部把它转换成时域形式。

但是，我们把电感器看作是通过其电感量L 表现为时域形式而通过其阻抗jwL 表现为频域形式，电容在时域里为电容量C 而在频域里为 ，阻抗是某种程度上的频域变量而非时域变量。

无论是星型连接的电源还是三角形连接的电源都有重要的实际应用意义。

星型连接的电源用于长距离电力传输，此时电阻损耗(I2R)将达到最小。

这是由于星型连接的线电压是三角形连接的线电压的 倍，于是,对于相同的功率来说，三角型连接的线电流是星形连接的线电流的 倍。

三角形连接的电源使用在根据三相电源而需要的三个单相电路中。

这种从三相到单相的转变用在住宅布线中因为家用照明和设备使用单相电源。

三相电33源用在需要大功率的工业布线中。

在某些应用场合，无论负载是星形连接还是三角形连接并不重要。

模拟电子电路是关于其中电压和电流是对物理量进行模拟的且连续变化那些系统。

复制音乐的电子电路必须具有与声音成正比的电压和电流。

一个高保真的放大系统要尽可能保持模拟量不失真，我们要仔细地设计模拟电子电路以使电压和电流反映输入信号。

PART1U1T1、In addition to the various power transformers, two special-purpose transformers are used with electric machinery and power systems。

The first of these special transformers is a device specially designed to sample a high voltage and produce a low secondary voltage directly proportional to it. Such a transformer is a potential transformer. A power transformer also produces a secondary voltage directly proportional to that the potential transformer is designed to handle only a very small current。

The second type of special transformer is a device designed to provide a secondary current much smaller than but directly proportional to its primary current. This device is called a current transformer。

除了各种电源变压器、两个专用变压器使用电动机械和电力系统。

第一个特殊变压器是一个高电压设备专门设计的样品和生产较低的二次电压成正比。

这样一个变压器电压互感器。

电力变压器也产生二次电压成正比的电压互感器的设计目的是处理只有一个很小的电流。