XBee® Drop-in Networking AccessoriesUser’s GuideXBee RS-232 AdapterXBee RS-485 AdapterXBee Analog I/O AdapterXBee Digital I/O AdapterXBee USB AdapterXStickXBee Wall RouterXBee Smart PlugXBee Sensors90000891_C©2009 Digi International Inc. All Rights Reserved.Digi, Digi International, the Digi logo, ConnectPort, Watchport, XBee, and XBee-PRO are trademarks or registered trademarks of Digi International, Inc. in the United States and other countries worldwide.All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.Information in this document is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the part of Digi International.Digi provides this document “as is,” without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of fitness or merchantability for a particular purpose. Digi may make improvements and/or changes in this manual or in the product(s) and/or the program(s) described in this manual at any time.This product could include technical inaccuracies or typographical errors. Changes are periodically made to the information herein; these changes may be incorporated in new editions of the publication.C o n t e n t s Chapter 1General information (4)About this guide (4)Additional product information and resources (5)Hardware changes between 9-30V and 3-6V adapter models (6)Powering options for adapters (6)Antenna considerations (7)Product compatibility and differences among XBee RF protocols (8)Compatibility (8)Product support and availability by XBee RF protocol (8)Network association (9)Commissioning and identity behaviors (10)Power levels of XBee radios (13)Duty cycle for XBee 868 module (15)Chapter 2XBee RS-232 Adapter (16)Chapter 3XBee RS-485 Adapter (19)Chapter 4XBee Analog I/O Adapter (23)Chapter 5XBee Digital I/O Adapter (31)Chapter 6XBee USB Adapter (39)Chapter 7XStick (41)Chapter 8XBee Wall Router (43)Chapter 9XBee Smart Plug (46)Chapter 10XBee Sensors (51)Chapter 11Configure XBee RF module settings (54)Configuration with a ConnectPort X gateway (54)Configuration without a gateway (59)Chapter 12Hardware specifications (60)XBee Adapters (60)XStick (62)XBee Wall Router (64)Integrated sensors for XBee Wall Router (65)XBee Smart Plug (66)Integrated sensors for XBee Smart Plug (67)XBee Sensors (68)Integrated sensors for XBee Sensors (68)Chapter 13Safety statements (69)Chapter 1G e n e r a l i n f o r m a t i o n This section includes information that applies to allXBee®Drop-in Networking Accessories.About this guideThis guide describes the features and functions of allXBee Drop-in Networking Accessories for all XBee module protocols,including adapters, routers, sensors, and associated products.It includes connection and setup information, pinouts, configuration, dataretrieval, and LEDs and buttons.Software programming for XBee Drop-in Networking Accessories iscovered on product pages within the Digi Developer Community Wiki; seenext page for more information and location of these pages.Questions and technical supportFor technical assistance with your product, contact Digi Technical Supportat: 877-912-3444 or make an online support request at:/support/index.jspAdditional product information and resourcesProduct data sheets, user’s guides, and product manualsLocate more information, including datasheets, XBee product manuals,ConnectPort X gateway product information, etc. on these pages:/products/wirelessdropinnetworking//din/docsSoftware development resourcesDigi provides several resources to help you get started developing softwaresolutions in Python:Digi Developer Community WikiThe Digi Developer Community Wiki is a place to learn about developingsolutions using Digi's communications portfolio, software and services,including Python, iDigi Platform, iDigi Dia, and more./wiki/developer/index.php/Main_PageEach product’s chapter shows the link to the Wiki page for programmingthe product. For an index page for all XBee Drop-in NetworkingAccessories, go to:/wiki/developer/index.php/Category:Drop-in_Networking_ProductsDigi Python Custom Development Environment pagePython is a dynamic, object-oriented language for developing softwareapplications, from simple programs to complex embedded applications.Python functions can be used to obtain data from attached and integratedsensors on XBee Drop-in Networking Accessories. Find this page at:/technology/drop-in-networking/python.jspDigi Python Programming Guide (90000833)This guide introduces the Python programming language by showing howto create and run a simple Python program. It reviews Python modules,particularly modules with Digi-specific behavior. It describes how to loadand run Python programs onto Digi devices, either through the command-line or web user interfaces, and how to run several sample Pythonprograms. Find this guide at the Digi Python Wiki page--in the Start Heresection, click the link titled Digi Python Programmer's Guide/wiki/developer/index.php/Python_WikiPython Support Forum on Find answers to common questions and exchange ideas and exampleswith other members of the Digi Python development community at:/support/forum/forum.jspa?forumID=104Hardware changes between 9-30V and 3-6V adapter modelsXBee Adapters have undergone some hardware changes since first beinglaunched. Most of the these changes are minor and will have no impact onyour application. However, one important difference relates to supplyvoltage.Originally, XBee Adapters were designed to accept 9-30VDC. In an effort toimprove battery performance, this voltage range has been changed to 3-6VDC.Power supplies used on 9-30VDC XBee Adapters will not work with3-6VDC XBee Adapters, and vice versa. Your XBee Adapter’s propervoltage is printed next to its power port.Plugging in a power supply with the incorrect voltage will damage yourdevice and void your warranty.Several other changes have been implemented in the 3-6VDCXBee Adapter models, including an improved screw-lock connector forXBee RS-485, XBee Digital I/O, and XBee Analog I/O Adapters, andexternal antennas for XBee-PRO Adapters. Contact Technical Support formore details.Powering options for adaptersSome Drop-in Networking Accessories; including the XBee Sensor, XBeeSmart Plug and XBee Wall Router all have necessary powering optionsincluded.XBee Adapter products can be powered by an external power supply orbatteries, purchased separately. To determine how to power your XBeeAdapter, please refer to the specification printed on the side of theenclosure , close to the power port:For additional information, see "Power requirements" on page 60. SpecificationPower Options 3 to 6 VDC Power supply: must be rated 3 to 6 VDC. Digi part number for 5V power supply: XA-ACC-PS5-NRBattery: uses custom lithium battery pack; Digi part number: XA-ACC-CS-L Replacement batteries available for purchase; contact Digi at 952-912-3444.9 to 30 VDCPower supply: must be rated 9 to 30 VDC.; Digi part number for 9V power supply: XA-ACC-PSBattery: uses quantity 3 of 1.5V “N-Cell” alkaline batteries. Can use standard, off-the-shelf, batteries, or Digi part number: XA-ACC-BATTTo install batteries, insert a screwdriver in the slots in the side of the adapter case and twist to snap off the cover. Insert the batteries following the polarity diagram on the board.Warranty exception for batteriesSome XBee Drop-in Networking Accessories ship with alkaline batteriesthat must be replaced by the user when discharged.Lithium batteries must be installed or replaced by qualified servicepersonnel.Alkaline and lithium batteries are not covered under the terms andconditions of the Digi warranty.Antenna considerationsProducts with external antennas should be mounted with the antennaoriented vertically to maximize the range.Products with external antennas use RPSMA antenna connectors.Products without external antennas can be mounted in any orientation.Product compatibility and differences among XBee RF protocolsXBee Drop-in Networking Accessories contain an XBee or XBee-PROmodule, an RF module that performs the wireless communications for yourproduct. Certain RF module behaviors vary by XBee RF protocol. Thissection describes those differences and how they affect product operation.CompatibilityDrop-in Networking Accessories that a particular XBee RF protocol arecompatible with other products that use the same XBee RF protocol only.XBee ZB products will only work with other XBee ZB products, XBee802.15.4 products with other XBee 802.15.4 products, and so on. Thisapplies to gateways as well: ConnectPort X gateway products with anXBee ZB module are compatible with other such gateways, 802.15.4gateways with other such gateways, and so on. Users must standardize onone XBee RF protocol series for operability.Product support and availability by XBee RF protocolProduct availability varies by XBee RF protocol. The table shows the XBeeDrop-in Networking Accessories available for each XBee platform.XBee-PRO 868 availabilityXBee-PRO 868 adapters are available for use in Europe only. Please seethe XBee-PRO 868 OEM RF Modules Product Manual from moreinformation.ProductXBee ZB XBeeZNet2.5a XBee 802.15.4XBee 868XBee DigiMesh900XBee RS-232 Adapter33333XBee RS-485 Adapter33333XBee Analog I/O Adapter33333XBee Digital I/O Adapter33333XBee USB Adapter33 XStick333XBee Wall Router33XBee Smart Plug33XBee Sensors33 XBee Display 33a.New customer deployments should not use the ZNet 2.5 protocol. Instead, use the ZigBee-certified ZB protocol. ZNet, an older protocol based on a “Designed for ZigBee” stack, should only be used where required forcompatibility with previously deployed ZNet 2.5 products.Network associationThe Assc LED indicates the network association status for anXBee Drop-in Networking Accessory in an XBee network.XBee ZB / XBee ZNet 2.5Products used in networks that use a coordinator for network association,the Assc LED indicates network association status as follows:XBee 802.15.4 / XBee 868Products used in networks that do not use a coordinator for networkassociation are not set up to associate, but are configured with a defaultPAN ID and destination address. To maintain LED consistency, onpower-up, these products immediately indicate association by blinking.For more information regarding association options, see the productmanual for the XBee module in your product.XBee DigiMesh 900Products that have been configured in a cyclic sleep-compatible mode usethe Assc LED to indicate the status of the nodes synchronization with thesleeping network. Products that are not configured for sleep use the AsscLED to indicate that they are operating properly.LED statusNetwork association On, solid greenNot associated On, blinking green Successfully joined Sleepcompatible?LED Status Meaning NoOn, blinking green Product is powered and operating properly.YesOn, solid green Product has not synchronized with the network or has lost synchronization with the network.YesOn, slow blinking green (500 mSec blink time)Product is acting as the network sleep coordinator and is operating properly.Yes On, fast blinking green (250 mSec blink time)Product is properly synchronized with the network.Commissioning and identity behaviorsThe Ident button, or, on some products, a combined Reset/Ident button,performs multiple functions to identify and configure the product in an XBeenetwork. The location of this button is shown in each product’s chapter.Button presses and actions for each XBee RF protocol vary follow. Thesedescriptions introduce XBee module concepts and commands. Foradditional information on these concepts and commands, see the productmanual for your XBee module.Consecutive button presses must occur within 800 milliseconds of eachother to perform the desired action.XBee ZB / XBee ZNet 2.5Button pressNetworkassociationAction1Associated If XBee module is asleep, wakes unit for 30 seconds. Sends a Node Identificationbroadcast transmission. All devices that receive this transmission will blink theirAssociate LED rapidly for 1 second. All API devices that receive thistransmission will send a Node Identification frame out their UART (universalasynchronous receiver/transmitter) (API ID 0x95).Unassociated If XBee module is asleep, wakes unit for 30 seconds, then blinks the AI code, anumeric error code on the Assc LED indicating the cause of join failure.1 blink: Scan found no networks (PANs) to join.2 blinks: Scan found no valid PANs based on current settings forSC(Scan Channel) and ID (PAN ID).3 blinks: Valid coordinator or routers were found, but they are not allowingjoining, because the permit join or NJ command expired.7 blinks: Network joining attempt failed.10 blinks: Coordinator Start attempt failed.2Associated Depends on the setting for the permit join (NJ) command for the XBee module.If the XBee module’s NJ command setting is less than 255, two button pressestemporarily enable joining on the XBee module and on the entire XBee networkfor 1 minute.If joining is permanently enabled on a module (NJ = 255), joining remainspermanently enabled, and two button presses have no effect.4Associated/Unassociated XBee module leaves PAN, if associated, and issues a factory reset to restore default parameters in the XBee module.For XBee ZNet 2.5, the default PAN ID is 0x234.For XBee ZB, the default PAN ID is 0 (join any network).XBee 802.15.4Button pressNetworkassociationAction1Associated Cannot wake module, but causes module to remain awake for 30 seconds ifpressed during a sleep interval.Sends a Node Identification broadcast transmission. All devices that receive thistransmission will blink their Associate LED rapidly for 1 second.Unassociated Blinks a numeric error code returned by the ATAI (Association Indication)command on the Assc LED. The AI code indicates the cause of the join failure.See the 802.15.4 XBee module’s Product Manual for descriptions of thesecodes.1 blink: Active scan timeout.2 blinks: Active scan found no PANs.3 blinks: Active scan found PAN, but the Coordinator Allow Association bit is notset.4 blinks: Active scan found a PAN, but Coordinator and End Device are notconfigured to support beacons.5 blinks: Active scan found a PAN, but Coordinator ID (PAN ID) value does notmatch the ID of the End Device.6 blinks: Active Scan found a PAN, but Coordinator CH (Channel) value doesnot match the CH of the End Device.7 blinks: Energy scan timeout.8 blinks: Coordinator start request failed.9 blinks: Coordinator could not start due to invalid parameters.10 blinks: Coordinator Realignment is in progress.11 blinks: Association request not sent.12 blinks: Association request timed out - no reply was received.13 blinks: Association request had an invalid parameter.14 blinks: Association request channel access failure - Request was nottransmitted - CCA failure.15 blinks: Remote Coordinator did not send an ACK after Association Requestwas sent.16 blinks: Remote Coordinator did not reply to the Association Request, but anACK was received after sending the request.17 blinks: [reserved].18 blinks: Sync-Loss - Lost synchronization with a beaconing coordinator.19 blinks: Disassociated - No longer associated to coordinator.2Associated Not supported.4Associated/UnassociatedPerforms an ATRE command to reset the parameters in the XBee module.XBee DigiMesh 900XBee 868Button pressSleepConfiguration and Synch StatusAction1Not configured for sleepImmediately sends a Node Identification broadcast transmission. All devices that receive this transmission will blink their Associate LED rapidly for 1 second. All API devices that receive this transmission will send a Node Identification frame out their UART (API ID 0x95)1Configured for sleepWakes the module for 30 seconds, or until the entire network goes to sleep. Queues a Node Identification broadcast transmission to be sent at the beginning of the next network wake cycle. All devices that receive this transmission will blink their Associate LED rapidly for 1 second. All API devices that receive this transmission will send a Node Identification frame out their UART (API ID 0x95).2Not configured for sleep Not supported.2Configured for sleepCauses a node which is configured with sleeping router nomination enabled to immediately nominate itself as the network sleepcoordinator. For more information on this action, see the description of the ATSO sleep options command in the XBee module’s Product Manual.4EitherIssues an ATRE command to restore module parameters to default values.Button PressAction1Immediately sends a Node Identification broadcast transmission. All devices that receive this transmission will blink their Associate LED rapidly for 1 second. All API devices that receive this transmission will send a Node Identification frame out their UART (API ID 0x95).2Not supported.4Issues an ATRE command to restore module parameters to default values.Power levels of XBee radiosThe transmit power level (PL setting) varies among XBee RF protocols.XBee ZB / XBee ZNet 2.5XBee moduleXBee-PRO moduleXBee-PRO ZB and ZNet 2.5 modules have a fixed power level that cannot be changed.Power LevelConducted power in dBmLowest (0) -8 dBm Low (1) -4 dBm Medium (2) -2dBm High (3) 0 dBm Maximum (4)+2dBmProduct variantFixed conducted power in dBmNorth American +17 dBm International+10 dBmXBee 802.15.4XBee moduleXBee-PRO moduleXBee DigiMesh 900Output power is always: 17 dBm.XBee 868Power LevelConducted Power in dBmLowest (0)-10 dBm Low (1)-6 dBm Medium (2)-4 dBm High (3)-2 dBm Maximum (4)0 dBmPower LevelNorth AmericanvariantInternational variantLowest (0)+10 dBm -3 dBm Low (1)+12 dBm -3 dBm Medium (2)+14 dBm +2 dBm High (3)+16 dBm +8 dBm Maximum (4)+18 dBm+10 dBmPower LevelConducted Power in dBmLowest (0) 0 dBm Low (1) +13.7 dBm Medium (2) +20 dBm a a.These products are currently set to not exceed this power setting:XBee RS-232 Adapter, XBee RS-485Adapter, XBee Analog I/O Adapter,XBee Digital I/O Adapter.High (3) +22 dBm b b.XBee USB Adapter is currently set to not exceed this power setting.Maximum (4)+25 dBmDuty cycle for XBee 868 moduleThe XBee 868 module has constraints regarding the amount of data it cantransmit during a given time period. The duty cycle of this module is 10%averaged over the period of 1 hour. This means that if the nexttransmission will push the running average duty cycle over the 10% limit,the module will not transmit until enough time has elapsed to stay under theduty cycle. Because of heat restraints of the module, a 10% duty cycle overthe period of 1 second will be enforced after the measured temperature ofthe module rises above 60°C.Chapter 2XBee RS-232 Adapter OverviewThe XBee RS-232 Adapter provides short-range wireless connectivity toany RS-232 serial device. Unlike an embedded wireless module, whichrequires design integration and development time, these off-the-shelfadapters provide instant wireless connectivity to existing RS-232 serialdevices. All XBee adapters can be used with Digi's ConnectPort Xgateways for data aggregation and IP connectivity.Connection and power-on1.Connect the desired device to the RS-232 port of the adapter.2.Connect the power supply to the adapter or insert batteries.PinoutsThe RS-232 connector is an industry-standard DB9 male connector with aDTE configuration, similar to a PC serial port.To connect the XBee RS232 Adapter to another DTE device, use astandard DB9 crossover serial cable similar to Digi part number 76000642.To connect the XBee RS232 Adapter to a DCE device, use astraight-through null modem cable similar to Digi part number63000066-01.Pin 1 is in the leftmost pin on the upper row of pins; pin numbers incrementfrom left to right, continuing left to right on the second row.Pinouts for the connector are:Pin Function Data direction1CD Input2RXD Input3TXD Output4DTR Output5GND6DSR Input7RTS Output8CTS Input9+12VDC switched power out OutputSoftware programming and data retrievalThere are several avenues for programming the adapter.To get started on developing solutions with the XBee RS-232 Adapterusing iDigi, see the iDigi web page:/For details on programming the adapter and retrieving data from it, see theXBee RS-232 Adapter product page on theDigi Developer Community Wiki:/wiki/developer/index.php/XBee_RS-232_Adapter LEDs and buttonsLED/Button FunctionPower LED Indicates that power is on. Illuminated only when adapter is connected to external power only, not when powered by batteries. Not available in lithium-battery models.Assc LED Indicates the adapters’s network association status. This LED functions differentlydepending on the XBee RF protocol for the product. See "Network association" on page9 for more information.Reset button Recessed button on underside of the adapter. Performs equivalent of a power-cycle.Use a small non-conductive tool with a blunt end to press gently and hold down button.Ident button Recessed button on power end of the adapter between Assc and Power LEDs.Performs multiple functions for identifying and configuring the adapter in a wirelessnetwork. Button presses and actions vary by XBee RF protocol; see "Commissioningand identity behaviors" on page 10.Consecutive button presses must occur within 800 milliseconds of each other to performthe desired action.OverviewThe XBee RS-485 Adapter provides short-range wireless connectivity to any RS-485 serial device. Unlike an embedded wireless module, which requires design integration and development time, these off-the-shelf adapters provide instant wireless connectivity to existing RS-485 serial devices. All XBee adapters can be used with Digi's ConnectPort X gateways for data aggregation and IP connectivity.Connection and power-on1.Connect the desired device to the RS-485 port of the adapter.2.Connect the power supply to the adapter or insert batteries.Chapter 3XBee RS-485 AdapterPinoutsThe connector for the adapter is a 6-position wire terminal block. The figure shows Pin 1 of the connector when the adapter is oriented with the mounting tabs, facing upwards (the underside of the adapter).The adapter is switch-selectable between RS-422 half duplex,RS-422full duplex, and RS-485 modes (see "DIP switches" on page 21). The function for several pins varies between RS-422 and RS-485 modes. Using the orientation in the above figure, pin 1 is the right-most pin and pin numbers increment from right to left. Pinouts for the connector are:The connector accommodates wire gauges from 16AWG to 30AWG. To insert wires, insert the wires into the removable screw-lock connector and tighten the screws associated with the wire slots.To remove wires, loosen the screws associated with the wire slots and remove the wires.PinFunction in RS-422 modeFunction in RS-485 mode1TxD+ (RS422)TxD+ and RxD+ (RS485)2TxD- (RS422)TxD- and RxD- (RS485)3RxD+ (RS422)Not used.4RxD- (RS422) Not used.5GroundGround6+12VDC 50mA max switched power out+12VDC 50mA maxswitched power outDIP switchesThe XBee RS-485 Adapter has several DIP switches on the underside of the unit. DIP switch 1 is the leftmost switch. Switch settings are:Software programming and data retrievalThere are several avenues for programming the XBee RS-485 Adapter.To get started on developing solutions with the XBee RS-485 Adapter using iDigi, see the iDigi web page:/For details on programming the XBee RS-485 Adapter and retrieving data from it, see the XBee RS-485 Adapter product page on the Digi Developer Community Wiki:/wiki/developer/index.php/XBee_RS-485_AdapterDIP SwitchSwitch settings1Not used. It is covered up by the case and is not accessible.2, 3, 4 together ON = RS485 OFF = RS4225, 6 togetherON = RS485 bias and line termination on.OFF = RS485 bias and line termination off.Note: Bias and line termination feature can be used only when powering from the external power supply.LEDs and buttonsLED/Button FunctionPower LED Indicates that power is on. Illuminated only when adapter is connected to external power only, not when powered by batteries. Not available in lithium-battery models.Assc LED Indicates the adapters’s network association status. This LED functions differentlydepending on the XBee RF protocol for the product. See "Network association" on page9 for more information.Reset button Recessed button on underside of the adapter. Performs equivalent of a power-cycle.Use a small non-conductive tool with a blunt end to press gently and hold down button.Ident button Recessed button on power end of the adapter between Assc and Power LEDs.Performs multiple functions for identifying and configuring the adapter in a wirelessnetwork. Button presses and actions vary by XBee RF protocol; see "Commissioningand identity behaviors" on page 10.Consecutive button presses must occur within 800 milliseconds of each other to performthe desired action.OverviewThe XBee Analog I/O Adapter provides short-range wireless connectivity to any analog device. Unlike an embedded wireless module, which requires design integration and development time, this off-the-shelf adapterprovides instant wireless connectivity to existing analog devices. All XBee adapters can be used with Digi's ConnectPort X gateways for data aggregation and IP connectivity.The XBee Analog I/O adapter allows for several interfaces to analogdevices. It provides greater flexibility and uses than XBee Sensors, in that it can be used with a variety of off-the-shelf sensor products and in situations when the item being measured or analyzed must be separated from the sensor/measuring device itself.Chapter 4X B e e A n a l o g I /O A d a p t erDeployment decisionsDeploying the XBee Analog I/O Adapter in a solution involves answeringseveral questions:•What is the analog mode of the sensor you plan to attach to theadapter?•How do you want to retrieve measurement data from the adapter?•How will the adapter be powered? Mains or battery?Analog modesThe XBee Analog I/O Adapter has three modes in which it can measureinput on its four terminal lines:•0-10 volt mode: measures voltage on a scale of 1 to 10 volts, andtranslates it into a 10-bit scale from 0 to 1023 as possible values.•Current Loop (4 mA to 20 mA) mode: measures amperage on a scaleof 4 to 20 mA, and translates it into a 10-bit scale from 0 to 1023 aspossible values.•Differential input mode: measures paired terminals (1 and 2 paired, 3and 4 paired) and translates the difference in voltage between the twolines to into a 10-bit scale from 0 to 1023 as possible values.Measurement retrieval optionsThere are several ways to retrieve data collected by the XBee module inthe adapter.•Through the iDigi Dia (Device Integration Application) framework.iDigi Dia software that simplifies connecting devices (sensors, PLCs,etc.) to communication gateways. iDigi Dia includes a comprehensivelibrary of plug-ins that work out-of-the-box with common device typesand can also be extended to include new devices.•By using existing Python modules provided by Digi•By using your own custom Python programs•By issuing remote AT commands from another XBee device。
