2021年高考英语语法复习 情态动词和虚拟语气考点总结及配套练习

2021年高考英语真题和模拟题分项汇编专题02 动词的时态和语态及情态动词、虚拟语气一、2021年高考真题1. (2021年高考全国甲卷语法填空)The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It ___41___ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复).…….We ___46___ (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate.【答案】41.was built 46.hired【解析】46.考查被动语态。

句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。

分析句子可知，空格处为谓语，动词build和主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态(be done)，根据句意和时间状语the Tang dynasty可知，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，主语it为第三人称单数，主谓一致，故填was built。

47.考查时态。

句意：我们从南门的租赁处租了自行车。

分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词，根据上下文可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。

故填hired。

2.(2021年高考全国甲卷短文改错) They kept very much to themselves. In my opinion, whenever in trouble, we should seek help from those we trust most.考查时态。

句意：他们很自闭。

结合前文可知，文章的时态用一般现在时。

所以此处的kept改为keep。

专题08 虚拟语气与情态动词情态动词用来表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气，在情景交际和虚拟语气中取得普遍利用。

情态动词为中学英语考试大纲要求内容，而且是高考内容中的难点之一。

其主要考点主要集中在情态动词的大体意义及“情态动词＋have done”结构的用法。

热点题型一情态动词的大体用法例一、[2021·北京卷] Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, ________ easily reach the books on the top shelf.A．must B．shouldC．can D．need【答案】C 【解析】考查情态动词。

can表示能力，意为“能够” 。

故答案为C。

句意：塞缪尔——咱们班个子最高的男孩——能够轻松地够到架子顶层上的书。

【变式探讨】—Can’t you stay a little longer?—It’s getting late.I really ________ go now.My daughter is home alone.A．may B．canC．must D．dare答案：C【提分秘籍】1．can和could的用法(1)表示“能力”。

(2)表示理论上的可能性，“有时候可能会”，用于肯定句中。

(3)表示礼貌地请求，意为“能，可以”。

could可代替can,表示委婉的语气。

(4)cannot...too/enough表示“无论……也不过度”；“越……越好……”。

No one can be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball.在打篮球方面，无人能与姚明相媲美。

It is usually warm in my hometown in March，but it can berather cold sometimes.我的家乡三月份通常很暖和，但有时候也会相当冷。

You can’t be too careful while driving.开车时越小心越好。

语法专项(五) 情态动词与虚拟语气一、情态动词考点一can和could的用法1．表示惊讶，经常使用在否定句和疑问句中。

How could you do such a silly thing?你怎么能做那样的蠢事呢？2．表示可能性，意为“可能，有时会”。

can和could没有时态的不同，只是could不太确信。

Jogging can be harmful to the health.慢跑可能会对健康有害。

Accidents can/could h appen on such rainy days.如此的多雨天气可能会发生交通事故。

(客观的可能性)3．can用于否定句，意为“应该不是，不可能”。

I think it's all right. She can't make a mistake.我想应该没事，她不可能犯错误。

The story can't be true.那个故事不可能是真的。

4．cannot...too/enough表示“不管……也只是分”；“越……越好”。

You can't be too careful while driving.开车时越警惕越好。

You cannot remember enough English words.你记的英语单词越多越好。

5．cannot but＋do sth.表示“不能不，只好”。

I couldn't but choose to go.我只好去。

[考题印证1](2021·安徽改编)It ________ be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of words.不可能是辞汇致使了你练习中的问题，因为你明白很多的词。

解析：此题考查强调句和情态动词。

依照后半句“because you know a lot of words”，可知此处要用否定词，couldn't“不可能”。

（新人教版）2021版高考英语一轮复习语法情态动词和虚拟语气语法训练Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Mary,you have been here for several years.You be used to Chinese food.2.They wanted to find someone who use computers skillfully.3.A recent study shows that being pulled into the world of a fascinating novel make some actual, measurable changes in the brain.4.The world becomes so indifferent.It’s time that we (take) some measures to improve it.(2019浙江丽水5月高三模拟)5.The young firefighter insisted that he was well-prepared and (send) there to put out the fire.(2019四川成都七中段考改编)6.Oh,dear! Are you still doing your homework? You have finished your homework yesterday.7.My mom suggests that we eat out for a change this weekend.(2019河北石家庄质检)8.Grace doesn’t want to move to New York because she thinks if she (live)there,she wouldn’t be able to see her parents very often.(2019山东济南模拟)9.Don’t handle the vase as if it (make)of steel.(2019四川绵阳质检)10.We lost our way in that small village,otherwise we would (visit)more places of interest yesterday.(2019江西瑞金模拟)答案及剖析:1.must 句意:Mary,你到这里已经多年了。

专题七情态动词和虚拟语气常考点近两年考查情态动词和虚拟语气的频率呈上升趋势。

从整体上把握情态动词的语法特征和语义特征，能够精确理解不怜悯态动词的微小差异，认真区分具有相同功能、意思相近的情态动词的用法，在真实的交际情景中印证和领悟情态动词的用法和特征。

1情态动词所表示的多种含义1. can和could的用法①表示力量。

如：I can run fast.②表示客观可能性。

如：An experienced driver can have an accident at times.③表示恳求和允许。

用could 语气更委婉。

如：—Can/Could I go now?—Yes，you can.④表示猜想、惊异、怀疑、不信任的态度(主要用于否定句、疑问句或赞美句中)。

如：Can this be true?How can you be so careless!This cannot be done by him.2. may和might的用法①表示许可。

如：You may drive the car.—May/Might I use your pen?—No，you mustn't.②用于祈使句中表示祝愿。

如：May you succeed!③表示推想、可能(疑问句不能用于此意)。

表推想的might并不是指过去时间，而表示比may把握性略小些。

如：He may be very busy now.④用于表示目的或让步状语从句中。

如：No matter what difficulties you may come across，you shouldn't give up.3. will和would的用法①用于各种人称，表示“意志”“意愿”“决心”等。

如：I told her to stop crying，but she just would not listen.②用于其次人称的疑问句，表示说话人向对方提出恳求。

高考英语情态动词和虚拟语气复习【名师精讲必考语法，值得下载练习】情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义，后面加动词原形，给谓语动词增添情感色彩，表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法，认为其可能、应该或必要等。

一、情态动词的分类1.只做情态动词：must, can(could), may(might), ought to, should2.可做情态动词又可做实意动词：need, dare（dared）3.可做情态动词又可作助动词：shall, will(would)4.具有情态动词特征：have(had) to, used to, had better (not) do二、情态动词的特点1.情态动词没有人称和数的变化。

2. 情态动词后跟动词原形，否定式构成是在情态动词后面加“not”。

3. 情态动词属非及物动词，故没有被动语态。

三、情态动词的基本用法1.can/ could1) 表示能力Can you lift this heavy box?Mary can speak English fluently.此时可用be able to 代替。

can 只有一般现在时和一般过去式；而be able to 则有更多的时态。

I’ll be able to come this afternoon.注意：当表示“经过努力而成功做到某事时”不能用could, 而用was/were able to do= succeeded in doing= managedto doHe was able to go to the party yesterday in spite of the heavy rain.2) 表示可观可能性（客观原因形成的能力）。

译为“能够；可以”This hall can hold 500people at least.3) 某人或某物一时的可能性，常译为“有时（可能）会”It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it can be rather cold sometimes.Little children can be very naughty.4) 表示请求和允许----- Can I go now?----- Yes, you can. No, you can’t.此时可与may 互换。

情态动词和虚拟语气一、情态动词的用法要点1.表能力CanBe able to 表现在的能力Will be able to 表将来的能量力CouldWas/were able to 表过去的能力Could have + 过去分词表过去有能力但未做2.表推测（可能性）a.可能性分为客观的可能性和具体事情实际发生的可能性两种。

所谓客观的（理论的）可能性即并不涉及具体某事是否会发生，此种用法常常可以说明人或事物的特征情态动词can可用于肯定句中表示可观的（理论的）可能性，而表示具体事情实际发生的可能性时，can一般不用于肯定句。

b.表示具体事情实际发生的可能性①表示集体事情实际发生的可能性层次比较②表示具体事情实际发生的可能性时，may, must常用于肯定句，一般不用于否定句和疑问句（may not表示“可能不”）；can常用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中，表示疑惑、惊讶或不相信等意思；could既可用于肯定句又可用于否定句、疑问句中。

③would, could, should, might并不一定与过去时间有关，而表示可能性弱于他们相应的现在时形式④should表推测时，表示确定或可能有的未来或期望，即合乎理想的情况或结果3.表示请求、允许、允诺a.当对方是决策者时，你代表你（们）自己（I, we），或代表第三者（he, she, they）向对方（you）请示或提出建议时用：①shall/may(might)/can(could) I/we…?②shall he/she/they…?③would/will you…?b.Could/might/would/should表委婉语气c.Shall与第二、三人称连用用于陈述句，表示说话者的命令、警告、威胁；当宣布法律规定时，shall也由此用法4.表必要性a.must常用来表示必要性，以为“必须”①must + do sth. (现在或将来)必须做某事②don’t have to do sth./don’t need to do sth./needn’t do sth.(现在或将来)不必做某事③表示过去没必要做某事，分以下情况：Needn’t have done sth.本来不必做而做了某事Didn’t have to do sth./didn’t need to do sth./It was not necessary to so sth.（过去）不必做（不强调是否做了）某事b.should也可以表示必要性，意为“（义务上）应该”。

2021年高考英语专题复习----情态动词和虚拟语气含答案全国卷17. I’m afraid Mr. Harding ____ see you now . he’s busy.A. can’tB. mustn’tC. shouldn’tD. needn’t⒘ I’m going to Europe on vacation together with John if I ___ find the money.A. canB. mightC. wouldD. need6. Since nobody gave him any help, he have done the research on his own.A. canB. mustC. wouldD. need30. Although you _____ find bargains in London, it’s not generallya cheap place to shop.A. shouldB. needC. mustD. can陕西卷15.If we ___ the other road ,we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.A.takeB.had takenC.tookD. have taken23. May I take this book out of the reading room?No,you . You read it in here. (xx)A. mightn’tB. won’tC. need’tD.mustn’t22.I__________through that bitter period without your generous help.A. couldn’t have goneB. didn’t goC. wouldn’t goD.hadn’t gone24.—Will you read me a story ,Mummy? 2011--OK.You________have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.A. mightB. mustC. couldD. shall17. If may car _________more reliable, I would have driven to Lhasainstead of flying last summer.A. wasB. had beenC. should beD. would be23.I______ thank you too much for all your help to my son while we wereaway from home. xxA. won’tB. can’tC. canD. will12. My mom suggests that we eat out for a change this weekend.A. shouldB. mightC. couldD. would21. The children lost in the woods; otherwise, they would havebeen at the lakeside camp as scheduled. xxA. must have gotB. must getC. should have gotD. should get23. We would rather our daughter ________ at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.A. would stayB. has stayedC. stayedD. stay25. My book, The House of Hales, is missing. Who ________ have taken it?A. needB. mustC. shouldD. could考点归纳虚拟语气If从句主从复合句（时间是过去）含蓄条件句（without）If从句主从复合句（时间是过去）表示含有建议命令要求的词用should+动词原形would rather (时间是现在)情态动词may的否定回答mustn’t shall表示允诺情态动词的特殊句型can’t ....too... 表示肯定推测must have done 情态动词疑问句的推测xx预测虚拟语气：It’s time从句as if 从句wish从句混合时间条件句If省略情态动词情态动词的特殊用法 can may must should shall will would情态动词的否定式情态动词一般用法 shall 情态动词完成式巩固练习1. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ______.A. breaksB. has brokenC. were brokenD. had been broken2. But for the help you gave me, I _______ the examinations.A. would have passedB. would passC. wouldn’t have passedD. wouldn’t pass3. I forget where I read the article, or I _____ it to you now.A. will showB. would showC. am going to showD. am showing4. ______ smoking, he would not have got cancer in the lung.A. Was he given upB. Had he given upC. Did he giveD. If he gave up5. “I still haven’t thanked Aunt Lucy for her present.” “It’s time you _____.”A. doB. didC. hadD. would6. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I ____ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.A. wouldn’t h ave fallenB. had not fallenC. should fallD. were to fall7. Look at the trouble I am in! If only I _____your dvice.A. followedB. would followC. had followedD. should follow8. After hours of repair, the driver tried to start the machine but it __________ work.A. won’tB. shouldn’tC. wouldn’tD. couldn’t9. He _________ another career, but at the time, he didn’t have enough money to attend graduate school.A. might chooseB. might have chosenC. had to chooseD. must have chosen10． He seldom listens to others． He_____answer for what he has done．A． shall B． will C． can D． would11 You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman_______ be so rude to a lady .A. mightB. needC. shouldD. would12 Some aspects of a pilot’s job _____ be boring, and pilots often ____ work at inconvenient hours.A. can；have toB. may；canC. have to；mayD. ought to；must13. —When can I e for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon.—They _____ be ready by 12:00.A. canB. shouldC. mightD. need14. When he was there, he _____ go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day.A. wouldB. shouldC. had betterD. might15. —Excuse me, but I want to use your puter to type a report.—You _____ have my puter if you don’t take care of it.A. shan’tB. might notC. needn’tD. shouldn’t16. —_____ he open the door?—Yes, please. A. Shall B. Will C. Can D. Would17 I certainly wish he _____ me how to sing English songs.A. teachesB. will teachC. has taughtD. would teach阅读练习BIn 1947 a group of famous people from the art world headed by an Austrian conductor decided to hold an intemational festival of music,dance and theatre in Edinburgh. The idea was to reunite Europe after the Second World War.At the same time, the “Fringe” appeared as a challenge to the official festival.Eight theatre groups turned up uninvited in 1947,in the belief that everyone should have the right to perform,and they did so in a public house disused for years.Soon,groups of studentsfirstly from Edinburgh University, and later from the universities of Oxford and Cambridge,Durham and Birmingham were making the journey to the Scottish capital each summer to perform theatre by little-known writers of plays in small church halls to the people of Edinburgh.Today the “Fringe”,once less recognized, has far outgrown the festival with around 1,500 performances of theatre,music and dance on every one of the 21 days it lasts. And yetas early as 1959,with only 19 theatregroups performing,some said it was getting too big.A paid administrator was first employed only in 1971, and today there are eight administrators working all year round and the number rises to 150 during August itself. In xx there were 200 places housing 1,695 shows by over 600 different groups from 50 different countries. More than 1,25 million tickets were sold.40. Point was the purpose of Edinburgh Festival at he beginning?A. To bring Europe together again.B. To honor heroes of World War 11.C. To introduce young theatre groups.D. To attract great artists from Europe.41. Why did some uninvited theatre groups e to Edinburgh in 1947?A. They owned a public house there.B. They came to take up a challenge.C. They thought they were also famous.D. They wanted to take part in the festival.42. Who joined the "Fringe" after it appeared?A.they owned a public house thereB. University students.C.人rusts from around the world.D. Performers of music anddance.43. We may learn from the text that Edinburgh Festival.A. has bee a non-official eventB. has gone beyond an art festivalC. gives shows all year roundD. keeps growing rapidly3 26063 65CF 族34546 86F2 蛲34185 8589 薉(40436 9DF4 鷴24446 5F7E 彾32399 7E8F 纏A30974 78FE 磾36948 9054 達A3。

考点七情态动词和虚拟语气限时25分钟一、单句语法填空1．We ________ (enjoy) the sunshine in Sanya now if it were not for the delay of our flight.答案：would be enjoying 句意：要不是耽搁了航班，我们现在正在三亚享受阳光。

根据后面的“now”和“if it were not for ...”可知，此处是对现在状况的虚拟，故主句用would be doing。

2．When I was small, my mom ________ read me stories at night.答案：would 句意：当我小时候，我母亲常常在晚上给我读故事。

would “过去常常”，表示过去的习惯性的行为。

3．The accident ________ have been caused by a dog running across the road, but we don't know for sure.答案：might 句意：事故可能是由一条横穿马路的狗引起的，但我们不确定。

分析句子可知，本句是对过去动作的推测，可能性不大，故填might。

4．He looked so hungry as though he ________ (eat) a decent meal for a month.答案：hadn't eaten 句意：他看起来如此饿好像已有一个月没有吃过一顿像样的饭了。

由主句中的looked可知，as if/though后面跟过去完成时表示对过去的虚拟。

5．I was caught in a traffic jam for over an hour, otherwise, I ________ (keep) you waiting for such a long time.答案：wouldn't have kept 句意：我在交通堵塞中被困了一个多小时，否则我不会让你等这么长时间。

考点09 情态动词和虚拟语气英语中常用的情态动词主要有can，could，may，might，must，will，would，shall，should，ought to，dare，need，used to，had better等。

在学习情态动词时应注意以下几点：同一情态动词表示不同的意义的情况；情态动词后跟各种形式的用法；特别是注意“情态动词+完成式”是高考中的重点所在。

高考中的虚拟语气一般与情态动词结合进行考查。

每年高考试题中都会出现一定的题目。

一、不定冠词a, an辨析；情态动词的基本用法1. 表示能力、许可的情态动词的用法。

2. 表示否定的情态动词的用法。

3. shall 和 will 的多种意义的区别。

4. 情态动词短语的使用。

can，could与be able to的用法1．表示现在的能力：can，am/is/are able to。

2．表示将来的能力：will be able to。

3．表示过去的能力：could表示过去的能力，不表示是否成功地做了；was/were able to表示过去有能力做而且成功地做了。

4．can/could表示惊讶，常用在否定句和疑问句中。

5．can/could表示礼貌地请求别人做某事，意为“能，可以”。

may与might的用法1．表示请求、允许时，might比may的语气更委婉一些，否定回答时要用mustn't，表示“不可以”“禁止”“阻止”之意。

2．may/might还可以表示推测，意为“可能”。

3．“may/might as well＋动词原形”意为“最好，倒不如”。

must的用法1．must用于否定句，表示“禁止”，表示说话者的命令或指令，语气比较强烈。

2．must表示必要性，意为“必须”。

3．must表示偏执、固执，意为“非得，偏要”。

need与dare的用法1．need作情态动词时，主要用于否定句和疑问句中。

2．dare作情态动词时，主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中，一般不用在肯定句中。

高考考点之情态动词和虚拟语气考点详解【命题解读】英语中常用的情态动词主要有can，could，may，might，must，will，would，shall，should，ought to，dare，need，used to，had better等。

在学习情态动词时应注意以下几点：同一情态动词表示不同的意义的情况；情态动词后跟各种形式的用法；尤其要注意＂情态动词+完成式＂是高考中的重点所在。

对虚拟语气的考查重点在于根据句子的语境灵活多样地运用虚拟语气，宾语从句中虚拟语气的应用，交际用语中为表示委婉而使用的虚拟语气，含蓄条件句中的虚拟语气，以及特殊句型中的虚拟语气等。

【命题预测】情态动词是2021年各地高考试题中的必考项目，每年高考单独命题区的单项填空必有一道考查情态动词的项目。

新课标卷主要在语法填空和短文改错中考查。

考点依次是：推测(可能性)→请求/允许→必要性→特殊用法。

试题的立意不偏不怪，但有效信息越来越隐蔽，语境越来越真实，考查角度越来越细致，这些因素在很大程度上增加了试题的难度。

情态动词和虚拟语气与动词的时态和语态相结合的考查是近年来高考的趋势。

【复习建议】情态动词：1. 掌握情态动词的基本用法；2. 掌握情态动词表达＂情感、态度、语气等＂方面的用法。

虚拟语气：1. 掌握虚拟语气的基本用法；2. 掌握含蓄虚拟条件句的用法；3. 掌握主从句时间不一致的虚拟条件句的用法；情态动词考向一情态动词的基本用法1）can，could与be able to1．表示能力，意为＂能，会＂。

☞Many people can use the computer.许多人会用电脑。

☞If you have a good sleep，you will be able to work out this problem.如果你好好睡一觉，你将能够解出这道题。

☞I could have worked out the problem，but I was too nervous.我本来可以解决这个问题，但我太紧张了。

2021年高考英语语法集训过关情态动词和虚拟语气（含解析）Ⅰ. 单项填空1. (xx·天津模拟)It’s beyond our prehension that Jim, who tops the class in English, have difficulty translating such a simple sentence.A. shallB. shouldC. mightD. must2. (xx·重庆模拟)According to Nobel’s wil l, the Peace Prize be awarded to the person who has done the most or the best work for the relationship between nations.A. canB. shallC. mayD. need3. (xx·衢州模拟)Facts prove that the world’s economic development is not a win-lose game but one in which all be winners.A. shallB. canC. mustD. will4. (xx·绍兴模拟)—Have you checked the engine?—Yes, I did twice; there be anything wrong with the car.A. won’tB. mustn’tC. needn’tD. shouldn’t5. (xx·杭州模拟)Try as you , he won’t listen to your advice on the potential dangers of smoking.A. canB. mayC. dareD. will6. It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it be rather cold sometimes.A. mustB. canC. shouldD. would7. (xx·桂林模拟)—What is a left-luggage office?—It is a place where luggage be left for a certain period of time, especially at a bus or a train station.A. canB. shouldC. mustD. will8. (xx·温州模拟)If you leave early on weekdays, do it quietly. The other colleagues are also dying to have an early leave.A. canB. mustC. shouldD. may9. —I can’t find my purse anywhere.—You have lost it while shopping.A. shouldB. canC. mayD. would10. (xx·金华模拟)—I promise Shirley get a new iPad on her birthday.—Will it be a big surprise to her?A. willB. wouldC. shouldD. shall11. —You mustn’t leave your car unlocked while you are away.—No, I . Please don’t worry too much.A. can’tB. shouldn’tC. won’tD. needn’t12. (xx·昆明模拟)—Will Mike go with us for the picnic this weekend?—It depends. He have something to do at home.A. canB. shallC. mustD. might13. —Dad, you are asked on the phone.—Who it be? It’s already 10 p. m. .A. mustB. canC. shallD. need14. (xx·玉溪模拟)Had it not been for the haze(霾)weather, there fewer car accidents in Beijing then.A. would have beenB. wereC. may beD. would be15. Henry would rather that his girlfriend in the same department as he does.A. workedB. had workedC. was workingD. would work16. —Will you accept the job offer?—If I five years younger, I it.A. were; have takenB. has been; would takeC. were; would takeD. had been; would have taken17. you be given a ten-day holiday, what would you like to do?A. ShouldB. WouldC. CouldD. Might18. Without you, I the first prize in the speech contest. Thank you, John.A. can’t winB. won’t winC. hadn’t wonD. wouldn’t have won19. (xx·宁波模拟)I was really busy these days, otherwise I to your birthday party last night.A. cameB. did eC. should have eD. would have e20. (xx·台州模拟)―Many thanks for your timely reminder; we would have been late if you us of the time.―You are wele. I’m glad that I can give you a h and.A. didn’t informB. shouldn’t informC. hadn’t informedD. weren’t to inform21. The manager of the hotel requests that their guests not play rock music after 12: 00 p. m. .A. shouldB. mustC. mayD. could22. (xx·济宁模拟)—I didn’t go to the art show, because I lost my ticket.—You have borrowed mine. I didn’t go to see it anyway.A. mightB. needC. couldD. must23. (xx·宁德模拟)—Have you ever been to the Olympic Games with your family?—No, but I wish I .A. haveB. willC. doD. had24. (xx·温岭模拟)It is good to end a day with the feeling that you not change anything even if you lived it again.A. willB. wouldC. canD. should25. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I your advice.A. followB. would followC. had followedD. have followedⅡ. 完形填空(xx·天津模拟) The family had just moved. The young woman was feeling a little 1 .It was Mother’s Day—and 800 miles separated her from her parents.She had called them that morning, and her mother had 2 how colorfultheir backyard was 3 spring had arrived. Later, she told her husbandhow she 4 those lilacs(丁香)in her parents’yard. “I know where wecan find some, ”he said. “Get the 5 and e on. ”So off they went.Some time later, they stopped at a hill and there were lilacs allround. The young woman rushed up to the nearest 6 and buried her facein the flowers. Carefully, she 7 some. Finally, they returned to their car for the 8 home. The woman sat smiling, surrounded by her 9 .When they were near home, she shouted “stop”, got off quickly and10 to a nearby nursing home. She went to the end of the porch(门廊), where a(n) 11 patient was sitting in her wheelchair, and put the flowers into her lap. The two 12 , bursting into laughter now and then. Later the young woman turned and ran back to her 13 . As the car pulled away, the woman in the wheelchair 14 with a smile, and held the lilacs 15 .“Mom, ”the kids asked, “16 did you give her our flowers? ”“It is Mother’s Day, and she seems so 17 while I have all of you. And anyone would be 18 by flowers. ”This satisfied the kids, but not the husband. The next day he 19 some young lilacs around their yard.I was the husband. Now, every May, our yard is full of lilacs. Every Mother’s Day our kids20 purple lilacs. And every year I remember that smile of the lonely old woman.1. A. moved B. worried C. angry D. depressed2. A. learned B. imaginedC. mentionedD. realized3. A now that B. so thatC. as ifD. even if4. A. missed B. grewC. wateredD. showed5. A. cars B. kids C. clothes D. lilacs6. A. bush B. hill C. yard D. door7. A. bought B. picked C. set D. raised8. A. break B. holiday C. trip D. dinner9. A. friends B. memoryC. flowersD. honor10. A. responded B. pointedC. droveD. hurried11. A. loving B. elderlyC. seriousD. sensitive12. A. hesitated B. waitedC. satD. chatted13. A. family B. mother C. path D. home14. A. nodded B. wavedC. leftD. continued15. A. sadly B. politely C. quickly D. tightly16. A. why B. when C. how D. where17. A. quiet B. confusedC. aloneD. patient18. A. calmed B. persuadedC. disappointedD. cheered19. A. arranged B. driedC. plantedD. hid20. A. find B. gather C. receive D. sell 【技法导练】多学一点棋高一着完形填空——绝对矛盾法绝对矛盾法是从选项着手分析, 若四个选项中有两个选项是绝对矛盾和对立的, 那么正确选项大多在这两个对立项之间产生。

2021年高考英语情态动词和虚拟语气知识点总结情态动词是每年高考的热点也是难点，每年单项填空题必考一题。

考点集中在：情态动词表示估量的差不多用法及区别；情态动词否定式的用法辨析：“情态动词+have done”的用法区别等。

虚拟语气在高考命题中不是重点，然而难点。

考点常集中在含蓄条件句以及主语、宾语从句等特定句型中虚拟语气的使用上，因此考生应熟练把握含蓄条件句中主从句的时态要求以及一些典型句型中虚拟语气的具体形式。

虚拟语气考点透析考点一、虚拟语气的差不多用法1.与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，差不多结构为：主语+动词的一样过去时（be动词用were）+其他成分+if+should/would/could…+动词原形+其他成分。

例如：①If it were not for the fact that she ______ sing，I would invite her to the party.A.couldn’tB.shouldn’tC.can’tD.might not解析句意为：假如不是因为她可不能唱歌的事实，我会邀请她来参加那次聚会的。

that从句为同位语从句，描述的是事实，用陈述语气。

正确答案为C。

2.与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，差不多结构为：主语+动词的过去完成时+其他成分+if+should/would/could…+have done+其他成分。

例如：If the weather had been better，we could have had a picnic.But it ______ all day.A.rainedB.rainsC.has rainedD.is raining解析句意为：假如天气好的话，我们是能够去野餐的，然而下了一天的雨。

句子前半部分陈述的是与过去事实相反的情况，因此用了虚拟语气。

“下了一天的雨”是事实，因此用陈述语气。

因为是发生在过去的事实，因此正确答案为A。

3.与今后事实相反的虚拟语气，差不多结构为：主语+动词的一样过去时/should do/were to do+其他成分+if+should/would/could…+动词原形+其他成分。

情态动词的基本用法1．shall(1)用在第一、三人称的疑问句中，表示征求对方的意见。

►Shall Tom go there with me tomorrow?明天汤姆可以和我一起去那里吗？(2)用于第二、三人称陈述句中，表示说话人的命令、警告、威胁、许诺、决心等，意为“必须”。

►The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school unless accompanied by an adult.学校制度规定，除非有成人陪同，任何孩子不准离开学校。

2．should(1)表示责任、义务、劝告、建议，意为“(按道理)应该”。

►You should listen to your doctor's advice.你应该听医生的建议。

(2)表示出乎意料的语气，意为“竟然，居然”。

►I am surprised that you should speak in such a way.我很惊讶你居然用那种口气说话。

3．must(1)表示“必须，应该”，语气强烈。

强调主观看法，只有现在时形式，否定式是must not(mustn't)，表示“禁止”。

must开头的问句，其否定回答要用needn't或don't have to来表达。

►—Must I hand in the paper today?——我今天必须交作业吗？—Yes, you must.——是的，你必须交。

—No, you needn't/don't have to.——不，你不需要。

(2)表示推测，意为“一定”，用于肯定句。

►At 29 Russell must be one of the youngest ever international referees.29岁的拉塞尔想必是迄今为止最年轻的国际裁判之一。

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高中英语情态动词和虚拟语气情态动词：记住下面三个方面的用法，可以快速地掌握情态动词。

在遇到情态动词的题的时候，一定要先判断出题目考察的是下面3个的哪个方面。

1.常规(所有)， 2。

判断/推测(5个 +1个）， 3。

用于虚拟语气的情态动词（5个)1.常规：所有的情态动词都有常规的形式，大多12个。

Can: 表示“能力”，表示“请求或允许"。

Could ：用法同上，语气较can轻。

Must : “必须/一定,应当"；“偏要”。

May : 可能/可以,表示“征求对方意见或允许”，或“祝愿”Might : 用法同上，语气较may轻。

Should : 表示“应该，惊讶，委婉/客气”。

Ought to: 用法同上，语气较should重。

Will ：“愿，要，会" 表示“意愿,征求意见或提出请求，或执意/决心.Would ：用法同上，语气较will轻。

Shall : 征求对方意见；警告/承诺（用于法律或规定中）；应该/必须（语气比should重）need/dare：两个“半”情态动词，在肯定句中只能用need/dare + to do在否定/疑问句中可用need/dare + to do 或 need/dare + do2.推测/判断：在高中英语中能用作推测或判断的情态动词大多是:can > could (语气由重到轻，用于否定货疑问句中）must > may 〉 might （语气由重到轻，用于肯定句中）should 可用于各种（肯定，否定，疑问）句式中，只能用should + do的形式对“现在"的事的判断的用法:can/could must/may/might + do/be+doing对“过去"的事的判断的用法：can/could must/may/might + have done当然其他的情态动词在特殊的情况下也可以用于推测/判断，但不常用所以不必记忆。

情态动词和虚拟语气第一部分、情态动词一、can/could与be able to1．can/could用来表示“一般能力”；be able to有多种时态，且用来表示在特定条件下的“具体能力”。

如：My grandma is over seventy，but she can still read without glasses.They will be able to tell you the news soon.He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out.2．表示允许可用can或could，与may/might意义接近。

could可用于现在时，只是语气更加委婉、客气，回答时则一般要用can而不用could。

—Could I have the television on?—Yes，you can./No，you can't.二、may与might1．表示允许，意为“可以，许可”，用法基本上同can与could。

如：May I use your bicycle?2．表示可能性，意为“也许，可能”。

如：According to the weather forecast, it may rain tomorrow.3．may可以放在句首，表示祝愿。

如：May good luck be yours!三、must与have to1．must用来表示说话人的主观看法；have to表示客观的需要，强调外界压力，不得已而为之。

如：He said that they must work hard。

他说他们必须努力工作。

(主观上要做这件事)My brother was ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night.我弟弟生病了，我只得半夜里把医生请来。

(客观上需要做这件事)2．表示“不必”，须用don't have to或needn't。