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12.3 Molecular mimics
General introduction
How a human muscle works
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12.3 Molecular mimics
Micromuscles
Working principle PPy doped with DBS- (dodecylbenzenesulfonate) anions (PPy(DBS)) is the base materials. and is operated as the microactuators in an aqueous salt solution, usually NaDBS, with different bias conditions
Wonking principle
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12.2 Polymer electronics
Polymer solar cell
Hybrid nanorod-polymer solar cells —have been created using semiconductor nanorods (7 nm by 60 nm). The heart of a solar cell is a 200-nm-thick film (about a thousandth the thickness of a human hair), consisting of cadmium selenide (CdSe) crystals formed into nanorods and blended with P3HT, or poly(3-hexylthiophene), an organic polymer.
Molecular orbital theory
Double bonds of organic compounds
π−bonds and σ−bonds
The structure of ethene (C2H4)
A chain configuration of poly(actylene), (C2H4)n
Optoelectronic devices
OLEDs (organic light emitting diode)
Some advantages
- low operating voltage - fast and cost effective manufacturing technology - wide viewing angle - thinner and lower weight - high luminance
Microrobot (IFM/LiU)
Actions
Moving a 100 µm glass bead over PU tracks Robotarm (670 µm) moving fingers only
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12.3 Molecular mimics
Manipulating conjugated polymers
Substituted polythiophenes: from low bandgap to high bandgap
Measured PL spectra
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12.2 Polymer electronics
Simple device structure
A soft OLED
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12.2 Polymer electronics
Optoelectronic devices
O - disply technology - wide viewing angle (170 degree) - thinner and lower weight - take less power, and high luminance (90lm/W efficiency) Kodak’s recent release (Sept 19, 2003)
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12.2 Polymer electronics
O-FETs
Easy process Satisfactory function Towards for full processed O(P)-electronics
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Ch. 13: Molecular electronics and mimics
Points of interests New “soft” electronics (organic/molecular material-based) Paper electronics Bridge to true bio-mimics and bio-electronics - Microfluidics, Biosensing, Micromuscles, Microrobots, …… Keys: Synthesis and manipulate various structures of conjugated polymers, …
A viable power source at 10 % efficiency
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12.2 Polymer electronics
Light emission - tunnig the bandgap of the conjugated polymers
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12.2 Polymer electronics
Memory devices Intel's plastic ferric polymer memory. The world is waiting
Thin Film Electronics (TFE), a Linköping based company, sponsored by Opticom and Intel is working hard on it. http://www.thinfilm.se/ - high k polymer dielectric - Simple stacking device structure - 3-D architecture - easy manufacturing - Low bit cost - Low power consumption
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12.2 Polymer electronics
Paper electrpnics
A revolutionary change Huge market value and interest
Roll-to-roll manufacturing
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12.3 Molecular mimics
Light driven molecular ball and socket molecule
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12.3 Molecular mimics
Micromuscles (IFM/LiU)
Actions
A miniature box opening and closing (300x300x300 µm) 1 Fingers (30x1000 µm)
Single bonds of organic compounds
The structure of poly(ethylene)
The structure of ethane (C2H6)
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12.1 Fundamentals of organic molecules
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12.2 Polymer electronics
Work towards an O - laser
Easy process for resonator cavity and mirrors, e.g., using soft-lithographic printing for distributed Bragg mirrors (DFB)
V= 0 V : PPy(DBS) is oxidized. The cations are excluded and the actuator is bent.
V= -1 V : PPy(DBS) is reduced. Cations are inserted to maintain charge neutrality and the actuator straightens
Molecular motions: Catenanes and rotaxanes
The structures of catenanes and rotaxanes
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12.3 Molecular mimics
Parts of molecular machines: Chemical rotors
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12.1 Fundamentals of organic molecules
Molecular orbital theory
Electronic configuration of carbon