英语九大词性归纳

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九大词性1. noun(n.) 名词:to describe a person or thing②可数名词不规则变化A、单复数同形:deer-deer fish-fish sheep-sheepB、词尾发生变化:ox-oxen child-childrenC、内部单词发生变化:foot-feet tooth-teeth goose-geese woman-women man-menmouse-mice policeman-policemenD、表示某国人时,中日不变,英法变,其他国家加s:(1)Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese(2)Frenchman- Frenchmen Englishman- Englishmen(3)German-Germans Russian-Russians Americans③特殊情况i. 另一些名词本身即是复数形式,不可用作单数。

如:people,police,trousers,pants,clothes,scissorsii. 有些名词以s结尾,但不是复数形式,如:news,maths,physics,politicsiii. 有些名词既是可数名词又是不可数名词,如:room(空间)—a room(房间) work(工作)—works(著作)(2)不可数名词:(前面不能用a,an等来修饰)①到目前为止我们所学的不可数名词有:A 液体类:water:juice,tea , soup ,milk,cola,coffeeB 肉类:meat,beef, pork, muttonC 粉末类:breadD 抽象名词类news,information,money,advice,friendship,work,homework,housework schoolwork ,help ,fun,health,priceE 食物类:food, broccoli, rice, porridge, junk food ,tofu②不可数名词计量的表达: A个数单位词:piece (张、片、块、条),如:a piece of newsB 容器单位词:bottle(瓶),bag(包),box(盒、箱)如:a bottle of milkC 类别单位词:kind( 种、类)D 度量衡单位词:kilo(千克、公斤)▲翻译下面的词组:eg.an apple tree,five apple trees,a girl friend,two girl friends,a twin sister 但是,当man和woman作定语修饰复数名词时,就要用其复数形式。

eg.two men teachers,three women doctors2. verb(v.) 动词eg. do, make, go, take, bring 英语中动词根据其后是否可以加宾语又分为:Vt. (及物动词)eg. speak, give, sing Vi. (不及物动词)eg. run, work 英语中动词有5中形态:原形,第三人称单数形式,过去式,过去分词(用于完成时或被动语态中),现在分词do does did done doing work works worked worked workingII. 动词过去式和过去分词变化III⑴时态(找时间标志词):一般现在时:⏹结构:am / is / are play / plays⏹判断:sometimes, often, usually, always, every,在if / as soon as等复合句中,主将从现1. If you________ hard, you will pass the exam.A. studiesB. studyC. will studyD. is studying现在进行时:⏹结构:am / is /are playing⏹判断:Look, Listen, now, Where’s sb?⏹典型例题:1. --Where ’s mom? I want to go shopping with her.--She______ in the bedroom.A. readsB. readC. is readingD. has read一般过去时:⏹结构:was / were played⏹判断:yesterday, last…, …ago及语境.⏹典型例题:1. --You look tired. What did you do yesterday?--I ______ till night.A. worksB. worked一般将来时:⏹结构:will play⏹判断:tomorrow, next…及语境,在if /as soon as等主从复合句中,主将从现 .⏹典型例题:1. She ________ me as soon as she gets there.A. callsB. callC. calledD. will call过去进行时:⏹结构: was /were playing⏹判断: at that time, at this time ,yesterday ,by+过去时间,by the end of+过去时间常用于带有when/ while 的主从复合句中.⏹典型例题:1. Mom______ in the kitchen when I got home.A. cooksB. cookC. was cookingD. cooked2. I________ my homework at this time yesterday .A. didB. doC. will doD. was doing现在完成时(动作从过去持续到现在):⏹结构: has / have played⏹判断: just, already, yet, ever, never, so far(到目前为止)次数(once,twice)since+时间点, for + 时间段, how long…⏹典型例题:1. He______ in the factory for two years.A. worksB. workedC. is workingD. has worked如:① The hole should(dig) deep enough.② The students (tell) to clean the classroom.情态动词(can (could) ,may (might), must ,shall (should), will (would), dare (dared)敢 , need等,另外,have to、had better也当作情态动词使用)后加动词原形▲(1)ATom _________ (come) from America. Now he (teach) English in a middle school in Beijing. In his free time, he would like________ (go) in for a traditional sport so that hecan (learn) more aboutChinese.BNow, people use satellites to do many things. So far,man (invent) four kinds of satellites. One ofthem (use) to study the weather.(2)AHenry, a 14-year-old boy, used (be )too fat to play sports. He went to the doctor and(tell) to have a balanced diet. So hetried ___ ____ (not eat) too much meat or sugar because they might make him get heavier. Now he isn’t fat at all. He does sports every dayand(become) a member of the school soccer team. Next week Henry will take part in the school sports meet.BMy mother is very kind and easygoing, she helps me a lot.I (take) good care of in mydaily life by her. When I’m in trouble, she always encourages me to face my difficulties. With her help,I (become) a top student in my class already. I believe she(be) proud of me in the near future.3. adjective(adj.)形容词eg. good, beautiful, nice, happy, long 英语中形容词有两种形式:比较级和最高级 eg. good- better- best nice- nicer- nicest2.形容词和副词比较级、最高级的用法 (形容词最高级前面要加定冠词the)(1)形容词和副词比较级的用法①用于两者比较,表示“比…更…”(than前加比较级):eg.I am two years older than my little sister.②用于两者之间的同级比较,表示“…和…一样”( as+原级+as…):eg.Bill is as funny as his father.③表示甲在某方面不如乙:“A+系动词+not +as/so+形容i司原级+as十B”(as/so+原级+as)eg.These books aren’t as interesting as those.④表示某个范围内的三者相比:“the+最高级+of短语(比较范围)+复数名词”eg.Penny is the tallest of these girls. .Penny是这些女孩中最高的一个。

⑤表示“越来越…”:“比较级+and+比较级”eg.In spring the days are getting longer and longer.在春天,白天变得越来越长。