恶化的通用工程参数123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839改善的通用工程参数运动物体的重量静止物体的重量运动物体的长度静止物体的长度运动物体的面积静止物体的面积运动物体的体积静止物体的体积速度力应力、压强形状稳定性强度运动物体的作用时间静止物体的作用时间温度照度运动物体的能量消耗静止物体的能量消耗功率能量损失物质损失信息损失时间损失物质的量可靠性测量精度制造精度作用于物体的有害因素物体产生的有害因素可制造性操作流程方便性可维修性适用性、通用性系统复杂性控制和测量复杂性自动化程度生产率1分割原理1运动物体的重量＋－15,8,29,34－29,17,38,34－29,2,40,28－2,8,15,288,10,18,3710,36,37,4010,14,35,401,35,19,3928,27,18,405,34,31,35－6,29,4,3819,1,3235,12,34,31－12,36,18,316,2,34,195,35,3,3110,24,3510,35,3,313,26,18,313,11,1,2728,27,35,2628,35,26,1822,21,18,2722,35,31,3927,28,1,3635,3,2,242,27,28,1129,5,15,826,30,36,3428,29,26,3226,35,18,1935,3,24,372抽取原理2静止物体的重量－＋－10,1,29,35－35,30,13,2－5,35,14,2－8,10,19,3513,29,10,1813,10,29,1426,39,1,4028,2,10,27－2,27,19,628,19,32,2235,19,32－18,19,28,115,19,18,2218,19,28,155,8,13,3010,15,3510,20,35,2619,6,18,2610,28,8,318,26,2810,1,35,172,19,22,3735,22,1,3928,1,96,13,1,322,27,28,1119,15,291,10,26,3925,28,17,152,26,351,28,15,353局部质量原理3运动物体的长度8,15,29,34－＋－15,17,4－ 7,17,4,35－13,4, 817,10,41,8,351,8,10,291,8,15,348,35,29,3419－10,15,19328,35,24－1,357,2,35,394,29,23,101,2415,2,2929,3510,14,29,4028,32,410,28,29,371,15,17,2417,151,29,1715,29,35,41,28,1014,15,1,161,19,26,2435,1,26,2417,24,26,1614,4,28,294增加不对称性原理4静止物体的长度-35,28,40,29－＋－17,7,10,40-35,8,2,14-28,101,14,3513,14,15,738,37,3515,14,28,26-1,40,353,35,38,183,25--12,86,2810,28,24,3524,2630,29,14-15,29,2832,28,32,32,101,18-15,17,272,2531,351,2626-30,14,7,265组合原理5运动物体的面积 2,17,29,4-14,15,18,4－＋－ 7,14,17,4-29,30,4,3419,30,35,210,15,36,28 5,34,29,412,2,13,393,15,40,146,3-2,15,1615,32,19,1319,32-19,10,32,1815,17,30,2610,35,2,3930,2626,429,30,6,1329,926,28,32,32,3222,33,28,117,2,18,3913,1,26,2415,17,13,1615,13,10,115,3014,1,132,36,26,1814,30,28,2310,26,34,26多用性原理6静止物体的面积-30,2,14,18-26,7,9,39－＋---1,18,35,3610,15,36,37-2,3840-2,10,19,3035,39,38---17,3217,7,3010,14,18,3930,1610,35,4,182,18,40,432,35,40,426,28,32,32,29,18,3627,2,39,3522,1,4040,1616,41615,161,18,362,35,30,182310,15,17,77嵌套原理7运动物体的体积2,26,29,40-1,7,35,4-1,7,4,17－＋-29,4,38,3415,35,36,376,35,36,371,15,29,428,10,1,39 9,14,15,76,35,4-34,39,10,1810,13,235-35,6,13,187,15,13,1636,39,34,102,222,6,34,1029,30,714,1,40,1125,26,2825,28,2,1622,21,27,3517,2,40,129,1,4015,13,30,121015,2926,129,26,435,34,16,2410,6,2,348重量补偿原理8静止物体的体积-35,10,19,1419,1435,8,2,14---＋-2,18,3724,357,2,3534,28,35,409,14,17,15-35,34,3835,6,4---30,6-10,39,35.34-35,16,32,1835,32,35,16-35,10,2534,39,19,2730,18,35,435-1-1,312,17,26-35,37,10,29预先反作用原理9速度2,28,13,38-13,14,8-29,30,34-7,29,34-＋13,28,15,196,18,38,4035,15,18,3428,33,1,188,3,26,143,19,35,5-28,30,36,210,13,198,15,35,38-19,35,38,214,20,19,3510,13,28,3813,26-10,19,29,3811,35,27,2828,32,1,2410,28,32,251,28,35,232,24,35,2135,13,8,132,28.13,1234,2,28,2715,10,2610,28,4,343,34,27,1610,18-10预先作用原理10力8,1,37,1818,13,1,2817,19,9,3628,1019,10,151,18,36,3715,9,12,372,36,18,3713,28,15,12＋18,21,1110,35,40,3435,10,2135,10,14,2719,2-35,10,21-19,17,101,16,36,3719,35,18,3714,158,35,40,5-10,37,3614,29,18,363,35,13,2135,10,23,2428,29,37,361,35,40,1813,3,36,2415,37.18,11,28,3,2515,1,1115,17,18,2026,35,10,1836,37,10,192,353,28,35,3711事先防范原理11应力、压强10,36,37,4013,29,10,1835,10,3635,1,14,1610,15,36,2810,15,36,376,35,1035,246,35,3636,35,21＋35,4,15,1035,33,2,409,18,3,4019,3,27-35,39,19,2-14,24,10,37-10,35,142,36,3510,36,3,37-37,36,410,14,3610,13,19,356,28,253,3522,2,372,33,27,181,35,161123519,1,352,36,3735,2410,14,35,3712等势原理12形状8,10,29,4015,10,26,329,34,5,413,14,10,75,35,4,10-14,4,15,227,2,3535,15,34,1835,10,37,4034,15,10,14＋33,1,18,430,14,10,4014,26,9,25-22,14,19,3213,15,322,6,34, 14-4,6,21435,29,3,5-14,10,34,1736,2210,40,1628,32,132,30,4022,1,2,3535,11,32,17,2832,15,262,13,11,15,2916,29,1,2815,13,3915,1,3217,26,34,1013反向作用原理13稳定性21,35,2,3926,39,1,4013,15,1,28372,11,133928,10,19,3934,28,35,4033,15,28,.1810,35,21,162,35,4022,1,18,4＋17,9,1513,27,10,3539,3,35,2335,1,3232,3,27,1513,1927,4,29,1832,35,27,3114,2,39,62,14,30,40-35,2715,32,35-131835,24,18,3035,40,27,3935,1932,35,302,35,10,1635,30,34,22,35,22,2635,22,39,231,8,3523,35,40,314曲面化原理14强度1,8,40,1540,26,27,11,15,8,3515,14,28,263,34,40,299,40,2810,15,14,79,14,17,158,1326,1410,18,3,1410,318,4010,30,35,4013,17,35＋27,3,26-30,10,4035,1919,35,103510,26,35,283535,28,31,40-29,3,28,1029,10,2711,33,27,163,2718,35,37,115,35,22,211,3,10,3232,40,28,227,11,315,3,322,13,25,2827,3,15,401529,35,10,1415动态特性原理15运动物体的作用时间19,534,31-2,19,9-3,17,19-10,219,30-3,35,519,2,1619,3,2714,26,28,2513,3,2527,3,10＋-19,35,392,19,4,3528,635,18-19,10,35,38-28,27,3,181020,10,28,183,35,10,4011,2,1333,27,16,4022,15,33,2821,39,16,2227,1,412,2729,10,271,35,1310,4,29,1519,29,39,356,1035,17,14,1916末达到或过度的作用原理16静止物体的作用时间-6,2719,16-1,40,35---35,34,38----39,335,23--＋19,18,36,40---16-27,16,18,381028,20,10,163,35,3134,27,6,4010,26,24-17,1,40,332235,10112-25,34,6,35120,10,16,3817空间维度变化原理17温度36,22,6,3822,35,3215,19,915,19,93,35,39,1835,3834,39,40,1835,6,42,28,36,3035,10,3,2135,39,19,214,22,19,321,35,3210,30,22,4019,13,3919,18,36,40＋32,30,21,1619,15,3,17-2,14,17,2521,17,35,3821,36,29,31-35,28,21,183,17,30,3919,35,3,1032,19,242422,33,35,222,35,2,2426,2726,274,10,162,18,272,17,163,27,35,3126,2,19,1615,28,3518机械震动原理18照度19,1,352,35,3219,32,16-19,32,26-2,13,10-10,13,1926,19,6-32,3032,3,2735,192,19,6-32,35,19＋21,1,1932,35,1,153213,16,1,613,11.619,1,26,171,19-11,15,323,3215,1935,19,32,3919,35,28,2628,26,1915,17,13,1615,1,196,32,1332,152,26,102,25,1619周期性作用原理19运动物体的能量消耗12,18,28-12,28-15,19,25-35,13,18-8,15,3516,26,21,223,14,2512,2,2919,13,17,245,19,9,3528,35,6,18-19,24,3,142,15,19＋-6,19,37,1812,22,15,2435,24,18,5-35,38,19,1834,23,16,1819,21,11,273,1,32-1,35,6,272,35,628,26,3019,351,15,17,2815,17,13,162,29,27,2835,3835,212,28,3520有效作用的连续性原理20静止物体的能量消耗-19,9,6,27-------36,37--27,4,29,1835---19,2,35,32-＋--28,27,18,31--3,35,3110,36,23--10,2,22,3719,22,181,4----19,35,16,25-1,621减少有害作用的时间原理21功率8,36,38,3119,26,17,271,10,35,37-19,3817,32,13,3835,6,3830,6,2515,35,236,2,36,3522,10,3529,14,2,4035,32,15,3126,10,2819,35,10,38162,14,17,2516,6,1916,6,19,37-＋10,35,3828,27,18,3810,1935,20,10,64,34,1919,24,26,3132,15,232,219,22,31,22,35,1826,10,3426,35,1035,2,10,3419,17,3420,19,30,3419,35,1628,2,1728,35,3422变害为利原理22能量损失15,6,19,2819,6,18,97,2,6,136,38,715,26,17,3017,7,30,187,18,23716,35,3836,38--14,2,39,626--19,38,71,13,32,15--3,38＋35,27,2,3719,1010,18,32,77,18,2511,10,3532-21,22,35,221,35,2,22-35,32,12,19-7,2335,3,15,23228,10,29,3523反馈原理23物质损失35,6,23,4035,6,22,3214,29,10,3910,28,2435,2,10,3110,18,39,311,29,30,363,39,18,3110,13,28,3814,15,18,403,36,37,1029,35,3,52,14,30,4035,28,31,4028,27,3,1827,16,18,3821,36,39,311,6,1335,18,24,528,27,12,3128,27,18,3835,27,2,31＋-15,18,35,106,3,10,2410,29,39,3516,34,31,2835,10,24,3133,22,30,4010,1,34,2916,34,3332,28,2,242,35,34,2715,10,235,10,28,2435,18,10,1335,10,1828,35,10,2324借助中介物原理24信息损失10,24,3510,35,51,262630,2630,16-2,2226,32-----1010-19--10,1919,10-＋24,26,28,3224,28,3510,28,23--22,10,110,21,223227,22---35,333513,23,1525自服务原理25时间损失10,20,37,3510,20,26,515,2,2930,24,14,526,4,5,1610,35,17,42,5,34,1035,16,32,18-10,37,36,537,36,44,10,34,1735,3,22,529,3,28,1820,10,28,1828,20,10,1635,29,21,181,19,26,1735,38,19,18135,20,10,610,5,18,3235,18,10,3924,26,28,32＋35,38,18,1610,30,424,34,28,3224,26,28,1835,18,3435,22,18,3935,28,34,44,28,10,3432,1,1035,286,2918,28,32,1024,28,35,30-26复制原理26物质的量35,6,18,3127,26,18,3529,14,35,18-15,14,292,18,40,415,20,29-35,29,34,2835,14,310,36,14,335,1415,2,17,4014,35,34,103,35,10,403,35,313,17,19-34,29,16,183,35,31357,18,256,3,10,2424,28,3535,38,18,16＋18,3,28,4013,2,2833,3035,33,29,313,35,40,3929,1,35,2735,29,10,252,32,10,2515,3,293,13,27,103,27,29,188,3513,29,3,2727廉价替代品原理27可靠性3,8,10,403,10,8,2815,9,14,415,29,28,1117,10,14,1632,35,40,43,10,14,242,35,2421,35,11,288,28,10,310,24,35,1935,1,16,11-11,282,35,3,2534,27,6,403,35,1011,32,1321,11,27,1936,2321,11,26,3110,11,3510,35,29,3910,2810,30,421,28,40,3＋32,3,11,2311,32,127,35,2,4035,2,40,26-27,17,401,1113,35,8,2413,35,127,40,2811,13,271,35,29,3828机械系统替代原理28测量精度32,35,26,2828,35,25,2628,26,5,1632,28,3,1626,28,32,326,28,32,332,13,6-28,13,32,2432,26,28,326,28,3232,35,1328,6,3228,6,3210,26,246,19,28,246,1,323,6,32-3,6,3226,32,2710,16,31,28-24,34,28,322,6,325,11,1,23＋-28,24,22,263,33,39,106,35,25,181,13,17,341,32,13,1113,35,227,35,10,3426,24,32,2828,2,10,3410,34,28,3229气压或液压结构原理29制造精度28,32,13,1828,35,27,910,28,29,372,32,1028,33,29,322,29,18,3632,28,225,10,3510,28,3228,19,34,363,3532,30,4030,183,273,27,40-19,263,3232,2-32,213,32,235,31,10,24-32,26,28,1832,3011,32,1-＋26,28,10,364,17,34,26-1,32,35,2325,10-26,2,18-26,28,18,2310,18,32,3930柔性売体或薄膜原理30作用于物体的有害因素22,21,27,392,22,13,2417,1,39,41,1822,1,33,2827,2,39,3522,23,37,3534,39,19,2721,22,35,2813,35,39,1822,2,3722,1,3,3535,24,30,1818,35,37,122,15,33,2817,1,40,3322,33,35,21,19,32,131,24,6,2710,2,22,3719,22,31,221,22,35,233,22,19,4022,10,235,18,3435,33,29,3127,24,2,4028,33,23,2626,28,10,18＋-24,35,22,25,28,3935,10,235,11,22,3122,19,29,4022,19,29,4033,3,3422,35,13,2431多孔材料原理31物体产生的有害因素19,22,15,3932,22,1,3917,15,16,22-17,2,18,3922,1,4017,2,4030,18,35,435,28,3,2335,28,1,402,33,27,1835,135,40,27,3915,35,22,215,22,33,3121,39,16,2222,35,2,2419,24,39,322,35,619,22,182,35,1821,35,2,2210,1,3410,21,291,223,24,39,124,2,40,393,33,264,17,34,26-＋----19,1,312,21,27,1222,35,18,3932颜色改变原理32可制造性28,29,15,161,27,36,131,29,13,1715,17,2713,1,26,1216,4013,29,1,403535,13,8,135,1235,19,1,371,28,13,2711,13,11,3,10,3227,1,435,1627,26,1828,24,27,128,26,27,11,427,1,12,2419,3515,34,3332,24,18,1635,28,34,435,23,1,24-1,35,12,18-24,2-+2,5,13,1635,1,11,92,13,1527,26,16,28,11,18,28,135,1,10,2833均质性原理33操作流程方便性25,2,13,156,13,1,251,17,13,12-1,17,13,1618,16,15,391,16,35,154,18,39,3118,13,3428,13,352,32,1215,34,29,2832,35,3032,40,3,2829,3,8,251,16,2526,27,1313,17,1,241,13,24-35,34,2,102,19,1328,32,2,244,10,27,224,28,10,3412,3517,27,8,4025,13,2,341,32,35,232,25,28,39-2,5,12＋12,26,1,3215,34,1,1632,26,12,17-1,34,12,315,1,2834抛弃或再生原理34可维修性2,27,35,112,27,35,111,28,10,253,18,3115,13,3216,2525,2,35,11134,91,11,10131,13,2,42,351,11,2,911,29,28,2714,1015,1,1315,1,28,16-15,10,32,215,1,32,192,35,34,27-32,1,10,252,28,10,2511,10,1,1610,2,1325,1035,10,2,6-1,35,11,101,12,26,15＋7,1,4,1635,1,13,11-34,35,7,131,32,1035物理或化学参数改变原理35适用性、通用性1,6,15,819,15,29,1635,1,29,21,35,1635,30,29,715,1615,35,29-35,10,1415,17,2035,1615,37,1,835,30,1435,3,32,613,1,352,1627,2,3,56,22,26,119,35,29,13-19,1,2918,15,115,10,2,13-35,283,35,1535,13,8,2435,5,1,10-35,11,32,31-1,13,3115,34,1,161,16,7,4＋15,29,37,28127,34,3535,28,6,3736相变原理36系统复杂性26,30,34,362,26,35,391,19,26,242614,1,13,166,3634,26,61,1634,10,2826,1619,1,3529,13,28,152,22,17,192,13,2810,4,28,15-2,17,1324,17,1327,2,29,28-20,19,30,3410,35,13,235,10,28,29-6,2913,3,27,1013,35,12,26,10,3426,24,3222,19,29,4019,127,26,1,1327,9,26,241,1329,15,28,37＋15,10,37,2815,1,2412,17,2837热膨胀原理37控制和测量复杂性27,26,28,136,13,28,116,17,26,24262,13,18,172,39,30,1629,1,4,162,18,26,313,4,16,3536,28,40,1935,36,37,3227,13,1,3911,22,39,3027,3,15,2819,29,25,3925,34,6,353,27,35,162,24,2635,3819,35,1619,1,16,1035,3,15,191,18,10,2435,33,27,2218,28,32,93,27,29,1827,40,28,826,24,32,28-22,19,29,282,215,28,11,292,512,261,1515,10,37,28＋34,2135,1838强氧化剂原理38自动化程度28,26,18,3528,26,35,1014,13,28,172317,14,13-35,13,16-28,102,3513,3515,32,1,1318,125,136.9-26,2,198,32,192,32,13-28,2,2723,2835,10,18,535,3324,28,35,3035,1311,27,3228,26,10,3428,26,18,232,3321,26,131,12,34,31,35,1327,4,1,3515,24,1034,27,25＋5,12,35,2639惰性环境原理39生产率35,26,24,3728,27,15,318,4,28,3830,7,14,2610,26,34,3110,35,17,72,6,34,1035,37,10,2-28,15,10,3610,37,1414,10,34,4035,3,22,3929,28,10,1835,10,2,1820,10,16,3835,21,28,1026,17,19,135,10,38,19135,20,1028,10,29,3528,10,35,2313,15,23-35,381,35,10,381,10,34,2832,1,18,1022,35,13,2435,22,18,3935,28,2,241,28,7,191,32,10,251,35,28,3712,17,28,2435,18,27,25,12,35,26＋40复合材料原理矛盾矩阵图
