北京大学博士英语写作 ：E3CE(second draft) New Opportunity To Study Abroad

考博英语范文35篇博士生入学英语考试协作部分试题说明根据教育部颁布的《研究生英语教学大纲》（以下简称大纲《大纲》的要求：“非英语专业博士研究生英语入学水平原则上应达到或高于硕士生的通过水平。

”《大纲》中对硕士生的写作要求是“掌握基本写作技能（如文章结构、段落展开和起承转合等），能按具体要求，在一小时内写出250词左右的短文，正确表达思想，语意连贯，无重大语言错误。

”第一部分写作文的要求，评分标准及考试中普遍存在的问题一考试要求1．文章内容切题。

审题准确,不跑题。

2．表达清楚。

语言简洁、准确、说理清楚,读者能从作文内容清楚理解作者写作意图。

3．意义连贯。

文字连贯、层次分明、意义表达完整。

要使文章意义连贯必须具有一定的技能，包括较强的语感，遣词造句能力和文章谋篇布局的组织能力；4．语言规范。

符合英语表达的习惯、语法错误较少、语言基本功扎实，最终避免中式英语。

二作文的评分标准及样卷介绍14 分: 内容符合要求, 包括了标题或提纲中的全部内容;语言流畅;层次分明,句式有变化。

词汇丰富,句子结构和用词准确,文章长度符合要求。

11分：内容符合要求，包括了标题或提纲中的全部内容；文字连贯，句式有一定变化，句子结构和用词无重大错误，文章长度符合要求。

8分：内容符合要求，包括了标题或提纲中多数内容；基本清楚表达的主题的内涵；句子结构和用词有少量错误，个别是大错。

文章长度符合要求。

5 分：内容基本切题，基本表达了标题或提纲中的内容；文字连贯，语言可以理解，但有较多的结构和用词错误，且大错较多。

文章长度基本符合要求。

2 分：基本切题，但语句支离破碎，只有少数句子可以理解。

0 分：文不切题。

只将预先背诵的某篇文章默写下来，或语句混乱，无法理解。

附：14 分样卷Topic：With her entry into WTO, China is being plunged into an international competition for talents, and in particular, for higher- level talents. To face this new challenge, China must do something, among other things, to reform her graduate(postgraduate) education system. State your opinion aobut this reform, and give the solid supporting details to your viewpoint.With China’s entry into WTO, she is facing a lot of chances and challenges in many aspects. As far as talents are concerned, China is being plunged into an international competition for talents, especially for higher-level talents. In order to adapt this new challenge, China must do something, among other things, to reform her graduate education system.In my opinion, we must make some reform and adjustment in graduate education system in many aspects as follows. First of all, from the view of the government, it must adjust its policy of using talents, especially higher-level talents. For example, it may provide many privileges for them.Secondly, for the viewpoint of the universities, they should adjust their constructure of curriculum. They should pay more attention to the cultivation of graduate’s capability. They should takeeffective measures to direct their educational goal from exam-oriented education to education for all-round development. Finally, as far as personnel is concerned, a student should pay more attention to the learning of all kinds of knowledge to meet the needs of society.In a word, it is high time that we reformed the graduate education system. If we do not make some changes in the graduate education system, we may be failure in the international competition. So we must reform our graduate education system. (219 words)点评：该文紧扣主题，结构严谨，内容充实，语言流畅，句式变化多样。

北京大学博士英语试题及答案一、词汇与语法（共20分，每题2分）1. The company has been ________ for over a century.A. establishedB. establishingC. to establishD. being established答案：A2. Despite the heavy rain, the match will be held as ________.A. planB. plannedC. planningD. to plan答案：B3. The professor suggested that we ________ a meeting to discuss the issue.A. arrangeB. arrangedC. arrangingD. will arrange答案：A4. The book is worth ________.A. to readB. readC. readingD. being read答案：C5. The problem is too difficult for us ________.A. to solveB. solvingC. solvedD. being solved答案：A二、阅读理解（共30分，每题3分）阅读以下短文，然后回答问题。

The rise of artificial intelligence has brought about significant changes in various industries. Companies are now using AI to improve efficiency, reduce costs, and enhance customer experiences. However, with the rapid advancement of technology, there are concerns about job displacement and privacy issues.6. What is the main focus of the passage?A. The impact of AI on industriesB. The benefits of AIC. The concerns about AID. The advancement of technology答案：A7. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a benefit of AI?A. Improved efficiencyB. Reduced costsC. Enhanced customer experiencesD. Increased job opportunities答案：D8. What is the concern associated with AI?A. Job displacementB. Increased efficiencyC. Reduced costsD. Enhanced customer experiences答案：A9. What can be inferred from the passage?A. AI is only used in certain industries.B. AI is a threat to privacy.C. AI is being embraced by companies.D. AI has no benefits.答案：C10. What is the purpose of the passage?A. To promote AIB. To criticize AIC. To inform about AID. To encourage debate about AI答案：C三、完形填空（共20分，每题2分）In the past, people used to believe that the world was flat. However, with the discovery of new lands and the development of navigational tools, this belief was gradually __11__.11. A. changedB. alteredC. modifiedD. transformed答案：A12. The explorers' voyages led to a __12__ understanding of the world.A. clearB. distinctC. preciseD. accurate答案：D13. As a result, the concept of a spherical Earth became__13__.A. acceptedB. acknowledgedC. recognizedD. known答案：A14. Today, we take for granted the fact that the Earth is round, but in the past, it was a __14__ idea.A. revolutionaryB. radicalC. groundbreakingD. innovative答案：A15. The __15__ of the Earth's shape has had a profound impact on science and exploration.A. realizationB. perceptionC. understandingD. comprehension答案：A四、翻译（共30分，每题10分）16. 随着互联网的普及，人们获取信息的方式发生了巨大变化。

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文档下载后可定制随意修改，请根据实际需要进行相应的调整和使用，谢谢!并且，本店铺为大家提供各种各样类型的实用资料，如教育随笔、日记赏析、句子摘抄、古诗大全、经典美文、话题作文、工作总结、词语解析、文案摘录、其他资料等等，如想了解不同资料格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by theeditor. I hope that after you download them,they can help yousolve practical problems. The document can be customized andmodified after downloading,please adjust and use it according toactual needs, thank you!In addition, our shop provides you with various types ofpractical materials,such as educational essays, diaryappreciation,sentence excerpts,ancient poems,classic articles,topic composition,work summary,word parsing,copyexcerpts,other materials and so on,want to know different data formats andwriting methods,please pay attention!As a doctoral student, I am constantly immersed in the world of academia. Research and writing have become second nature to me. I spend countless hours in the library, pouring over books and articles, searching for that one piece of information that will make my thesis stand out.It's a challenging and sometimes frustrating process, but the satisfaction of uncovering new knowledge is unparalleled.One of the things I love most about being a doctoral student is the freedom to explore my own interests. Unlike in undergraduate or master's programs, where coursework is often prescribed, I have the autonomy to choose my research topic and delve deep into it. This allows me to truly become an expert in my field and contribute something meaningful to the academic community.Of course, being a doctoral student also comes with its fair share of challenges. The pressure to publish andpresent at conferences can be overwhelming at times. There is always a sense of urgency to produce new research and make a name for myself in the field. It can be difficult to balance this pressure with the need for self-care and maintaining a healthy work-life balance.Despite these challenges, I am grateful for the opportunity to pursue a doctoral degree. It is a privilege to be able to devote myself to the pursuit of knowledge and make a contribution to my chosen field. I am constantly inspired by the brilliant minds I encounter in my research and the passionate discussions that take place in seminars and conferences.In conclusion, being a doctoral student is a unique and rewarding experience. It requires dedication, perseverance, and a love for learning. While it can be challenging at times, the opportunity to contribute to the academic community and make a meaningful impact is worth it. I am excited to continue my journey and see where it takes me.。

EinF22,JE1Self IntroductionIntroductionI. My familyII. My childhoodIII. My educationIV. My majorConclusionNice to introduce myself to you, I will introduce my family、childhood、education and major. I wish you can meet the lively、intelligent and kind-hearted Ein through this introduction.Now,let me show you myself.I have a happy family. My family contains five people. My grandma, my father, my mother, my brother and me.My name is @@, and my English is Ein.I look like my father,tall and a little fat. My father is a bus driver. He is tall and strong, always melodious music comes through his mouth. He is forty-five years old this year. My mother is a laborer, running is her hobby. My brother is thirteen year old, he is tall and have a litter thin. My grandma is a farmer previously. She is sixty-eight years old. My grandma is short and strong.She has short hair.She love us deeply,when I was young , I remember I was ill once, she was very worried and took me to some hospitals hurriedly. That time, my grandma took care me all the night. In order to make me be healthy faster, she bought plenty of nutriment like fruit, food, drinks and so on. So lucky I have a happy family.Childhood is some time that I will keep as the most valube memory in life.I grew up in a small village in Hunan province. Aroud my hometown are many green hills, a river across my hometown, the river is Xiang River.The most pleasure is catching fish in Xiang River with my friends after school. To be honest, catching fish just by hands is perfer happy than fishing. It was very exciting when fingers touched the fish under the water. If I catch some fish, my mother will creat a delicious fish dinner for my family.Bu what a pity that fish is becoming less because of the water polution. There are many fruit trees infront of my house, picked fruits as well as my family members and enjoyed it happily, the time was sweet like those fruits. No matter time goes,I think I will never forget the sweet fruit and sweet childhood.Let me tell you something about my education experiences. Sixteen years ago, I begin my education, I finished my primary school, junior high school in Hunan provice, Hengyang county.As time went by, I grew up and went to the city to pursue the senior high school.Along with more teachers I contracted, and more experiences I lived through. They expand my horizon wid.I began to study computer skills, which can lead us to explore the outside world through internet. Just through the computer, my education is internationalized and modernized. I think college life have the most deeply impact on me. Along the college life, not only the knowledge I learned, but also made me learn independence, confidence, cooperation skills, interpersonal skills and communication skills. I did not regarded my teachers as sages any more,I view them as a beacon, which guides me to the right direction when I am lost in the dark. They give us knowedge as a whole life present. I did as they send me went into a bran-new knowedge world. Teacher give me knowedge and student give me happiness, I thank each teacher and each student which once helped me. Now, I proceed to the PhD degree of Peking university,I wish there would be more surprise in the future.My major is laser. The reason why I lover laser is that laser differs from other sources of light. It emits light coherently. Spatial coherence allows a laserto be focused to a tight spot, enabling applications such as laser cutting and lithography.Spatial coherence also allows a laser beam to stay narrow over great distances (collimation), enabling applications such as laser pointers. Lasers can also have high temporal coherence, which allows them to emit light with a very narrow spectrum.Science lasers were invented in 1960, they were called "a solution looking for a problem". They have become ubiquitous, finding utility in thousands of highly varied applications in every section of modern society, including consumer electronics, information technology, science, medicine, industry, law enforcement, entertainment, and the military. Fiber-optic communication using lasers is a key technology in modern communications, allowing services such as the Internet. In a word , laser is a very useful science, so I like my major.I have introduced my family、childhood、education and major. From the above you can understand a comprehensive Ei .。

code summarization 北大博士复试英语全文共10篇示例，供读者参考篇1Title: My Journey to the Code Summarization PhD Program at Peking UniversityHello everyone! My name is Sara and I am a primary school student. Today, I want to share with you all about my experience of going for the interview for the Code Summarization PhD program at Peking University.First of all, let me tell you what Code Summarization is all about. It is all about writing computer programs in a way that is easy for people to understand. It's like when you write a story and you want to make sure that everyone can understand it easily.So, when I heard about this amazing program at Peking University, I knew I had to apply. I worked really hard on my application and finally got called for the interview. I was so nervous, but also very excited!During the interview, I had to answer questions about my interest in Code Summarization and why I wanted to join the program. I also had to solve a few coding problems, which were challenging but fun at the same time.After the interview, I had to wait for a few weeks to hear back from the university. And guess what? I got accepted into the program! I was so happy and proud of myself.I can't wait to start my journey at Peking University and learn more about Code Summarization. I know it will be a tough road ahead, but I am determined to work hard and succeed in this program.I hope my story inspires you all to chase your dreams and never give up. Thank you for listening!篇2Oh wow, I had this super duper cool experience going for the computer science PhD interview at Peking University! It was like, totally nerve-wracking but also exciting at the same time.First, I had to do this thing called a code summarization task. Basically, they gave me a bunch of code and I had to read through it to figure out what it was doing. Then I had to write asummary explaining the code in simple terms. It was kinda tricky, but I think I did pretty good!During the interview, they asked me all sorts of questions about the code and how I would improve it. I tried my best to answer and show off my coding skills. The professors were super nice though, they didn't make me feel too nervous.After the interview, I had to wait for what felt like forever to hear back from them. And guess what? I got invited for a second interview! I was so happy and proud of myself.Overall, the experience was tough but really rewarding. I learned a lot and had a chance to show off my skills. I can't wait to see what happens next on my journey to becoming a computer science guru!篇3Code summarization is like when you have a big essay and y ou need to make a short summary of it. It’s kinda like the CliffsNotes version of a code.So, there was this cool PhD student from Peking University who did really well in the code summarization competition. Andbecause he did so well, he got invited to the interview for the PhD program.For the interview, he had to speak in English. It was kinda nerve-wracking, but he practiced a lot and he did great! He talked about his research on code summarization and why it’s important. He explained how code summarization can help developers understand big chunks of code quickly and find bugs easier.The interviewers were impressed by his knowledge and passion for the topic. They asked him some tough questions, but he answered them all like a champ. In the end, they offered him a spot in the PhD program at Peking University!And that’s the story of how a smart PhD student aced the code summarization competition, rocked his interview in English, and got into North University to do even more amazing research in the field of code summarization. Yay!篇4Code summarization is a really cool thing that some super smart people at Peking University are trying to figure out. So, like, imagine you have a big chunk of code that is really long and complicated. It's like trying to read a really difficult book that youjust can't understand. But these super smart people are trying to make it easier by summarizing the code. It's kind of like reading a summary of a book instead of the whole thing.These people are so smart that they are even getting invited to have a second interview to become a doctor at Peking University. That's like being a superhero or something. They must be really good at coding and stuff.Anyway, code summarization is all about making the code easier to understand. They use fancy techniques like machine learning and artificial intelligence to help them figure it out. It's like having a superpower that helps you understand really hard stuff.I think it's really cool that these smart people are working on making coding easier. Maybe one day, we can all be super good at coding too.So, let's all cheer on these awesome people at Peking University as they try to crack the code of code summarization. Go, go, go!篇5Hey guys, today I'm going to talk about code summarization. Do you know what that is? It's when you have a big piece of code and you need to make it shorter and easier to understand. Pretty cool, right?So, there's this smart guy named a “Northwest ern University doctor”. He did a study on how to make code summarization better. That means he looked at a whole bunch of code and figured out the best way to summarize it. Wow, that sounds super hard!After that, he went to a fancy school called Peking University for an interview. They must have been really impressed with his work! They even asked him to come back for another interview, called a "". That's like the final level of a video game, right?Anyway, the guy did his interview in English, which is super impressive because English is not his first language. He must have practiced a lot to get good at it. And guess what? He passed the interview and got into the program at Peking University. How cool is that?So, next time you have a big piece of code to summarize, remember the “Northwestern University doctor” and his awesome research. Maybe you can use some of his tips to make your code even better. Keep coding, my friends!篇6Sorry, I am not able to generate a 2000-word article in the form of a code summarization for Peking University Ph.D. interview in English. However, I can provide you with a sample of what the article could include.The code summarization process involves analyzing and summarizing a piece of code to understand its functionality, design, and implementation. Often used as an assessment tool during technical interviews, code summarization tests a candidate's ability to comprehend complex code snippets and explain their logic.During the Peking University Ph.D. interview, candidates may be asked to provide a summary of a given code snippet, highlighting key components such as variables, functions, loops, and conditional statements. They may also be required to identify any bugs or errors in the code and suggest improvements for optimization.To excel in a code summarization task, candidates should practice reading and understanding different types of code, familiarize themselves with common programming languages,and hone their communication skills to effectively explain complex concepts in a clear and concise manner.Overall, code summarization is a valuable skill that demonstrates a candidate's technical proficiency,problem-solving abilities, and analytical thinking. By practicing regularly and staying updated on the latest programming trends, candidates can increase their chances of success in the Peking University Ph.D. interview process.篇7Hello everyone! Today I want to talk about the code summarization, which is a super cool topic that I learned about in my English class. So, there is this super smart person named the Peking University Ph.D. who is really good at summarizing code. And guess what? He got invited for a second round interview, how awesome is that!So, code summarization is like making a summary of a really long and complicated code so that people can understand it better. It's like when you write a summary of a book instead of reading the whole thing, except with code. It's super important because sometimes the code is so long and confusing, and this Ph.D. person can make it shorter and easier to understand.The Ph.D. person from Peking University is like a superhero in the coding world because he can make the code summarization look so easy. He can take a bunch of lines of code and make it into a few simple sentences that explain what it does. Isn't that amazing?I think it's so cool that the Peking University Ph.D. got invited for a second round interview. I hope he does really well because he is so smart and talented. Maybe one day I can be as good at code summarization as he is. Wouldn't that be awesome?Well, that's all for today. I hope you learned something new about code summarization and the amazing Peking University Ph.D. Thanks for listening!篇8Once upon a time, there was a super smart guy named Zhang Wei. He was so good at coding that he got invited to interview for a Ph.D. program at Peking University. Zhang Wei was super excited but also super nervous because he knew that the interview would be really tough.The first part of the interview was a coding test where Zhang Wei had to write a program to solve a tricky problem. He had practiced a lot beforehand, so he was able to write the codequickly and accurately. The interviewers were impressed by his skills and moved on to the next part of the interview.In the next part, Zhang Wei had to explain his code and summarize how it worked. He had to break down the complicated steps into simple terms that even a little kid could understand. Zhang Wei knew that he had to be clear and concise in his explanation, so he practiced talking about his code in advance.Finally, the interviewers asked Zhang Wei some tough questions about coding theory and algorithms. Zhang Wei had studied really hard for this part of the interview, so he was able to answer all of the questions with confidence.At the end of the interview, Zhang Wei felt relieved and proud of himself. He had done his best and showed the interviewers that he was a great coder with a bright future ahead of him. And guess what? He got accepted into the Ph.D. program at Peking University!And so, Zhang Wei's coding journey continued with new challenges and opportunities awaiting him. He knew that with hard work and determination, he could achieve anything he set his mind to. And who knows, maybe one day he would become a famous coder known throughout the world! The end.篇9Title: My Experience at the Code Summarization Ph.D. Interview at Peking UniversityHi everyone! Today I want to share my super cool experience at the Ph.D. interview for code summarization at Peking University. It was like a dream come true!When I got the invitation for the interview, I was so excited and nervous at the same time. The interview was conducted in English, so I had to prepare well to show off my language skills. I made sure to review my coding knowledge and practice my English speaking and writing.On the day of the interview, I arrived early and met the professors and other candidates. We all chatted nervously, but the professors were super nice and made us feel comfortable. The interview started with introductions, and then they asked me about my research interests and why I wanted to pursue a Ph.D. in code summarization.I talked about my love for coding and how I was fascinated by the challenge of summarizing complex code into simple and understandable descriptions. The professors seemed impressedand asked me more detailed questions about my research experience and goals.I was able to answer confidently and showcase my knowledge in the field. They even gave me a coding problem to solve on the spot, which was challenging but fun. I did my best and explained my thought process as I worked through the problem.After the interview, I felt a mix of relief and excitement. I was proud of myself for handling the questions and coding challenge well. I left the interview room with a big smile on my face, feeling hopeful about the possibility of studying at Peking University.Overall, the Ph.D. interview for code summarization at Peking University was an amazing experience. I learned a lot, met incredible professors, and got a glimpse into the world of academia. No matter the outcome, I will always cherish this experience and continue to pursue my passion for coding and research.That's all for now! Thanks for listening to my story. Bye bye!篇10Hello everyone! Today I want to tell you about something really cool - my Code Summarization research project for the Ph.D. interview at Peking University!So, what is Code Summarization? It's like writing a summary of a book, but for computer code. You know how sometimes code can be really long and hard to understand? Well, Code Summarization helps break it down into smaller, easier-to-read pieces.For my project, I had to study different techniques for Code Summarization and come up with my own way to summarize code. I had to write a lot of code myself and test it to make sure it worked well. It was a lot of hard work, but also really fun!During my interview at Peking University, I had to explain my research to a panel of professors. They asked me a lot of questions and I had to answer them all. It was a bitnerve-wracking, but I tried my best to stay calm and confident.After the interview, I felt both excited and relieved. I knew I had done my best and now it was up to the professors to decide if I would be accepted into the Ph.D. program.I really hope I get the opportunity to continue my research at Peking University. It would be a dream come true!That's all for now. Thanks for listening to my Code Summarization adventure!。

博士英语作文模板Introduction:In contemporary academia, doctoral students are often required to produce high-quality English essays as part of their coursework or research. This demand necessitates the development of a structured template to ensure coherence, clarity, and academic rigor in their writing. Hence, this essay presents a comprehensive template tailored for crafting doctoral-level English compositions.1. Title:The title of the essay should succinctly encapsulate the main theme or argument of the piece. It should be informative, engaging, and relevant to the content discussed.2. Introduction:The introduction serves as the entry point for the reader into the topic under examination. It should provide background information, context, and outline the purpose and scope of the essay. Additionally, the introduction should include a clear thesis statement that articulates the main argument or position taken in the essay.3. Literature Review:In this section, the essay should critically evaluate existing literature relevant to the topic. This involves summarizing key theories, concepts, and empirical findings related to the research question. Moreover, it should identify gaps, inconsistencies, or controversies in the literature, thereby setting the stage for the subsequent analysis.4. Methodology:The methodology section elucidates the research design, data collection methods, and analytical techniques employed in the study. It should provide sufficient detail to enablereplication and evaluation of the research process. Moreover, the rationale behind the chosen methodologyshould be justified based on its appropriateness to address the research objectives.5. Analysis:This section presents the primary findings of the study derived from the analysis of the data. It should be structured logically, with each finding supported byrelevant evidence and interpreted within the theoretical framework established in the literature review. Additionally, any limitations or constraints encountered during the analysis should be acknowledged and discussed transparently.6. Discussion:The discussion section offers a critical interpretation of the findings in relation to the research question and theoretical framework. It should highlight the significance of the findings, their implications for theory and practice,and any unexpected or contradictory results. Furthermore, this section may also explore avenues for future research and offer recommendations based on the study's insights.7. Conclusion:The conclusion summarizes the key points of the essay and restates the thesis statement. It should emphasize the significance of the study's contributions to the field and reiterate its relevance in addressing the research question. Moreover, the conclusion may also reflect on the broader implications of the findings and propose avenues forfurther inquiry.8. References:Finally, the essay should include a comprehensive listof references cited throughout the text. These references should be formatted according to the appropriate citation style (e.g., APA, MLA, Chicago) and listed alphabeticallyby author's last name.In conclusion, this template provides a structured framework for crafting doctoral-level English essays that adhere to academic standards of rigor and professionalism. By following this template, doctoral students caneffectively communicate their research findings and contribute meaningfully to their respective fields of study.。

考博经验分享：英文自我介绍1.自我介绍(self-introduce)Good morning.I am glad to be here for this interview.First let me introducemyself.My name is***,24.I come from******,the capital of *******Province.I graduated from the*******department of *****University in July,2001.In the past two years I have been prepareing for the postgraduate examination while I have been teaching*****in NO.****middle School and I was a head-teacher of a class in junior grade two.Now all my hard work has got a result since I have a chance to be interview by you.I am open-minded,quick in thought and very fond of history.In my spare time,I have broad interests like many other youngers.I like reading books,especially those about*******.Frequently I exchange with other people by making comments in the forum on line.In addition,during my college years,I was once a Net-bar technician.So, I have a comparative good command of network application.I am able to operate the computer well.I am skillful in searching for information in Internet.I am a football fan for years.Italian team is my favorite.Anyway,I feel great pity for our country’s team.I always believe that one will easily lag behind unless he keeps on learning.Of course,if I am given a chance to study******in this famous University,I will stare no effort to master a good command of advance******.2.考研原因(reasons for my choice)There are several reasons.I have been deeply impressed by the academic atmosphere when I came here last summer.In my opinion,as one of the most famous ******in our country,it provide people with enough room to get further enrichment.This is the first reason.The second one is I am long for doing research in******throughout my life.Its a pleasure to be with my favorite******for lifetime.I suppose this is the most important factor in my decision.Thirdly,I learnt a lot from my*****job during the past two years. However,I think further study is still urgent for me to realize self-value.Life is precious.It is necessary to seize any chance for self-development,especially in this competitive modern world.In a word,I am looking forward to making a solid foundation for future profession after two years study here.本文由“育明考博”整理编辑。

DEin)441F28,JE3Three Qualities in My Future Spouse IntroductionI. Similar interestsII. Be trustworthyIII. Get along with familyConclusionThree Qualities in My Future SpouseFinding a right spouse which means finding a person who I can see myself growing old with and loving in my later life. Once I have determined that special person, all of my hard work will be worth it and I can get ready for a lifetime of happiness. My right spouse should demand some qualities that I would like to have in the future.She should have similar interests with me. The common interest can be a launching point for an everlasting relationship. If I am a novelist and my loved spouse refuses to read, we may run out of things to talk about. Common interests can make a relationship thrive. For example, we should have the same family values. The woman I am going to marry should have similar interests.She should be trustworthy for me. In fact, If she does not trust me, she is probably making me as bitter as she has making herself. I can not work on confidence issues within herself without trust between us. Happy family and successful career demand she’s trust in me. So she’s good trust in me is the most important reason to go together.She should get along with my family. If she does not even try to connect with my family shows she should not be critical of the people who I love and have been loyal to me throughout my life. There might be cases where my parents do not like my future wife. Marriage is a joining of two lives that existed prior to meeting the other person. Getting along with my family is a guarantee of our happy marriage.Consider the three qualities I want in a spouse. These qualities may be soimportant to me that I would have a hard time even considering a person who I should get married because that is what I want and what my family wants. I regard these three qualities that I am most looking for in my future spouse as the most valuable condition definitely.。

北京大学2003年博士研究生入学考试试题考试科目：英语考试时间：2003年3月Part One Structure and Written ExpressionDirection: In each question decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. Put the letter of yourchoice in the ANSWER SHEET.（20%）1. Recognizing the shortage of time available to spend with their children, working motherssometimes take ______ in the concept of “quality time”.A. refugeB. prideC. placeD. action2. The term “New Australians” came into vogue in the 50s and 60s, which implied that the goalof immigration was assimilation and that migrants would place their new-found Australian identity ahead of the _______ context from which they had come.A. athleticB. ethicC. aestheticD. ethnic3. Scholarships are too few to _______ the high-school graduates who deserve a collegeeducation.A. meetB. accommodateC. compromiseD. adopt4. The study shows that laying too much emphasis on exams is likely to _______ students’enthusiasm in learning English.A. hold backB. hold offC. hold downD. adopt5. The robber tried to _______the stolen goods from the house he had broken into, but wascaught by the guards.A. make away withB. make off forC. get outD. get through6. The editors said they must report to the world how Beijing has _______ pollution andimproved the quality of the environment.A. cut upB. cut offC. cut downD. cut out7. If drug abuse, prostitution, pollution, environmental decay, social inequality, and the like_______, more is required than an increased police presence or a fresh coat of paint.A. are to eliminateB. are eliminatedC. are to be eliminatedD. are being eliminated8. This toothed whale has a large, square head with _______ the so-called spermaceti.A. cavity to containB. cavity containingC. the cavity for containingD. a cavity that contains9. _______, the market will have to overcome some of the highest hurdles it’s seen in a longtime.A. But to happen in that orderB. But for that in order to happenC. But in order that to happenD. But in order for that to happen10. With its anti-terrorism campaign taking _______ over anything else, the government isextending its job and running in more affairs.A. superiorityB. priorityC. majorityD. polarity11. The gap between those at the lowest level and those at the highest level of income hadincreased_______, and is continuing to increase.A. substantiallyB. successfullyC. succinctlyD. sufficiently12. China’s economic reform is aimed at separating enterprises from the government. It hasbeen implemented for almost 20 years, but breakthroughs _______.A. have been made yetB. have yet to makeC. have yet to be madeD. to have yet made13. Several trial efforts in the 1980s proved that it was financially _______ to restore oldbuildings.A. feasibleB. probableC. beneficiaryD. passable14. Unloved and unwanted youngsters may be tempted to run away from home to escape theirproblem, _______ bigger ones in cities plagued with crime, drugs, and immorality.A. have only foundB. only findingC. only foundD. only to find15. If the struggle for a sustainable society _______, we must have some vision of what we areaiming for.A. is to succeedB. has succeededC. succeedsD. succeeded16. A trap _______ disguise is what has come to be called a Trojan Horse, from the ancientstory of the gift of the wooden horse from the Greeks.A. offered as a gift inB. offers a gift inC. offering a gift toD. offered a gift of17. Telecommuting is a new form of work _______ to work, such as fathers with children, thechance to work while remaining at home.A. that affording those unable previouslyB. affords those who were previously unableC. affording those previously unableD. afforded those previously unable18. ______ the passage of light, many new plastics are processed using technologies rivalingthose used in the manufacture of computer chips.A. For the better ofB. Permitting betterC. To better permitD. It is better for19. The Flower Market in San Francisco is ______, and it was established in the 1930’s.A. home of the second largest flower market in the countryB. home to the country’s second largest flower marketC. the second flower market in the country’s homeD. the home to the second country’s large flower market20. The loyalty of dogs to their masters has earned _____ “man’s best friend.”A. the nickname ofB. them the nicknameC. a nicknameD. nicknamesPart Two Reading ComprehensionⅠ. Direction: Each of the passages is followed by some questions. For each question four answers are given. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answerto each question. Put your choice in the ANSWER SHEET. （10%）Passage One（1）Gerald Feinberg, the Columbia University physicist, once went so far as to declare that “everything possible will eventually be accomplished.”Well, that of course left only the impossible as the one thing remaining for daring intellectual adventurers to whittle away at. Feinberg, for one, thought that “they’d succeed even there.”（2）It was a point worth considering. How many times in the past had certain things been said to be impossible, only to have it turn out shortly thereafter that the item in question had alreadybeen done or soon would be. What greater cliché was there in the history of science than the comic litany of false it-couldn’t-be-dones; the infamous case of Auguste Comte saying in 1844 that it would never be known what the stars were made of, followed in a few years by the spectroscope being applied to starlight to reveal the stars’chemical composition; or the case of Lord Rutherford, the man who discovered the structure of the atom, saying in 1933 that dreams of controlled nuclear fission were “moonshine.” And those weren’t even the worst examples. No, the huffiest of all it-couldn’t-be-done claims centered on the notion that human beings could actually fly, either at all, or across long distance, or to the moon, the stars, or wherever else.（3）There had been so many embarrassments of this type that about mid-century Arthur C. Clarke came out with a guideline for avoiding them, which he termed Clarke’s Law: “When a distinguished but elderly scientist states that something is possible, he is almost certainly right. When he states that something is impossible, he is very probably wrong.”（4）Still, one had to admit there were lots of things left that were really and truly impossible, even if it took some ingenuity in coming up with a proper list of examples. Such as: “A camel cannot pass through the eye of a needle.”（Well, unless of course it was a very large needle.）Or:“It is impossible for a door to be simultaneously open and closed.”（Well, unless of course it was a revolving door.）（5）Indeed, watertight examples of the really and truly impossible were so exceptionally hard to come by that paradigm cases turned out to be either trivial or absurd. “I know I will never play the piano like Vladimir Horowitz,” offered Milton Rothman, a physicist,“no matter how hard I try.”Or, from Scott Lankford, a mountaineer; “Everest on roller skates.”21. The false it-couldn’t-be-dones in science are comic because ______ .A. they are clichés, repeated too often by scientistsB. they are almost always proved to be wrong by later scientific researchC. they are mocked at by later generationsD. they provide material for good comedies22. Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. The author uses the case of a camel passing through the eye of a needle to prove his point that there are things impossible to accomplish.B. That a scientist cannot play the piano like one of the best pianists is not a proper illustration to prove that in science there are things impossible to accomplish.C. Scott Lankford challenges the idea that mountaineers can never climb the Everest on roller skates.D. People now laugh at their predecessors for denying the possibility of human flight.23. Through this passage, the author wants to ______.A. show us that scientists in the past years have made a lot of misjudgmentsB. praise those scientists who dared to challenge the impossibleC. emphasize the great potential of the scientific research made by human beingsD. analyze what is possible and what is impossible through scientific effortsPassage Two（1）Since the lineage of investigative journalism is most directly traceable to the progressive era of the early 1900’s, it is not surprising that the President of the United States at the time wasamong the first to articulate its political dimensions. Theodore Roosevelt called investigative reporters “muckrakers, ” after a character from John Bunyan’s Pilgrim’s Progress who humbly cleaned “the filth off the floor.” Despite the misgivings implied by the comparison, Roosevelt saw the muckrakers as “often indispensable to the well-being of society”.（2）There are in the body politic, economic and social, many and grave evils, and there is urgent necessity for the sternest war upon them. There should be relentless exposure of and attack upon every evil man, whether politician or businessman.（3）Roosevelt recognized the value-laden character of investigative journalism. He perceived correctly that investigative reporters are committed to unearthing wrongdoing. For these journalists, disclosures of morally outrageous conduct maximize the opportunity for the forces of “good” to recognize and do battle with the forces of “evil.”（4）So, the current folklore surrounding investigative reporting closely resembles the American ideal of popular democracy. Partly a product of its muckraking roots, this idealized perspective is also an outgrowth of the commonly perceived effects of exposés published in the early 1970’s. The most celebrated of these exposés were the news stories that linked top White House officials to Watergate crimes. These stories were widely held responsible for the public’s loss of confidence in the Nixon administration, ultimately forcing the President’s resignation.24. When the author talks about the political dimensions of the investigative journalism he refersto __________.A. John Bunyan’s Pilgrim’s Progress and one of its characters “Muckrakers”B. its function of cleaning the dirt off the floor in public placesC. its relentless exposures of political and social evilsD. its indispensable status to the well-being of society25. Roosevelt’s comparison of investigative reporters to“muckrakers”shows his view that thesereporters ______.A. were treated lowly in the societyB. reduced journalism to a humble jobC. should be praised highly for their contributions to the societyD. did unpleasant but necessary work26. By using the word “folklore”, the author suggests that ______.A. people tend to romanticize what is thought to be American popular democracyB. investigative journalism enhances democracy and freedomC. people often circulate the stories they read from investigative reportsD. investigative reports have difficulty in convincing people as truth27. The Watergate incident is mentioned to show ______.A. journalism has a tangible effect on politicsB. the Watergate incident is an abuse of the political powerC. journalism subverts legitimate political powerD. the victory of American freedom of speechPassage Three（1）Viewed from a star in some other corner of the galaxy, Earth would be a speck, a faint blue dot hidden in the blazing light of our sun. While our neighbors Venus and Mars would reflecta fairly even glow, Earth would put on a little show. Earth’s light would brighten and dim as it spins, because oceans, deserts, forests and clouds－which are all too small to be seen from such a distance－reflect varying amounts of sunlight. The variations, it turns out, are so strong and distinctive that surprising amount of information could be taken from a simple ebb and flow of light. Scientists at Princeton University and the Institute for Advanced Study conducted a detailed study of Earth’s reflections as a way for human scientists to learn about distant planets that may be like our own.（2）“If you looked at our solar system from far away, and you looked at the terrestrial planets—Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars—one of the quickest ways to see that Earth is unique is by looking at the light curve,” said Ed Turner, professor of astrophysics and a co-author of the study. “Earth has by far the most complicated light curve,” The standard thinking in the field had been that most of the information about an Earth-like planet would come from spectral analysis, a static reading of the relative component of different colors within the light, rather than a reading of changes over time. Spectral analysis would reveal the presence of gases such as water vapor, carbon dioxide and oxygen, in the planet’s atmosphere. Looking at the change in light over time does not replace spectral analysis, but it could greatly increase the amount of information scientists could learn, said Turner. It may indicate, for example, the presence of weather, oceans, ice or even plant life.28. “Earth would put on a little show” means: as it spins, __________.A. Earth is a more active planet than Venus and MarsB. Earth reflects a brighter light curve than Venus and MarsC. Earth shows oceans, deserts, forests and clouds, while Venus and Mars don’tD. Earth reflects sunlight in an ebb-and-flow manner29. Spectral reading of the light reflected by an Earth-like planet _________.A. can tell us the components of that planet’s atmosphereB. can locate oceans and forests on that planetC. can show what the weather on that planet is likeD. is the quickest way to study its light curve30. Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. Scientists at the Princeton University want to find that distant planets are like our Earth.B. Among all the terrestrial planets Earth’s light curve is the most complicated.C. Spectral study of the light will see no development of itself because it is static.D. Spectral reading is used as a supplementary method to the study of the change in light over time.Ⅱ. Direction: Read the following passage carefully and then explain in your own English the exact meaning of the numbered and underlined parts. Put your answers in the ANSWER SHEET.（31）A couple of months ago, Singaporean officials unintentionally made cinematic history. They slapped an NC-17 rating on a film—which means children under 17 cannot see it—not because of sex or violence of profanity, but because of bad grammar. Despite its apparently naughty title, Talking Cock, the movie is actually an innocuous comedy comprising four skitsabout the lives of ordinary Singaporeans. The censors also banned a 15-second TV spot promoting the flick.（32）All this is because of what the authorities deemed “excessive use of Singlish.”（33）Given the tough crackdown, you would expect Singlish to be a harmful substance that might corrupt our youth, like heroin or pornography. But it’s one of Singapore’s best-loved quirks, used daily by everyone from cabbies to CEOs.（34）Singlish is simply Singaporean slang, whereby English follows Chinese grammar and is liberally sprinkled with words from the local Chinese, Malay and Indian dialects.I like to talk cock, and I like to speak Singlish. It’s inventive, witty and colorful.（35）Singlish is especially fashionable these days among the younger generation, in part because it gives uptight Singapore a chance to laugh—at itself. But the government is not amused. It doesn’t like Singlish because it thinks it is bad language and bad for Singapore’s image as a commercial and financial center.Part Three: Cloze TestDirection: Fill in each numbered blank in the following passage with ONE suitable word to complete the passage. Put your answer in the ANSWER SHEET.（10%）It is a dream world, where chemists can turn a sow’s ear into a silk purse, where bioengineers can put a little bit of a sheep into a wolf—or vice versa—and where the life-styles of the rich are beamed by satellite _____（36）every upwardly mobile village on the planet. Thanks to science and technology, more people are consuming a more amazing array of worldly goods than at any time in history.But beneath the surface all is not well. Like Oscar Wilde’s fictional creation Dorian Gray, who stayed forever ______（37）while a portrait of him in the attic aged horribly, the modern economy masks a disfigured planet. The engine of consumption has scarred the land and stained the sea,_____（38）away at the foundations of nature and threatening to destroy humanity’s only means of survival. Today’s elderly, born at the beginning of last century, started life in a world ______（39）about 50% of its ancient forests still standing. Though far from pristine, it was a world of oceans and land masses teeming with all kinds of life. But those who will be born after the turn of the millennium will _____（40）of age to find that previous generations have squandered and defiled their inheritance, foreclosing some potions even as new ones were created. Our grandchildren may have _____（41）to conveniences that further reduce the drudgery of everyday life, but they will also inherit a planet with less than 20% of its original forests ______（42）, with most of the readily available freshwater already spoken for and much of the arable ______（43）under plough. They will inherit a stressed atmosphere and an unwanted legacy of toxic waste in the soil and water. Missing from the estate will be countless species, most _____（44）out before even _____（45）catalogued by scientist.Part Four ProofreadingDirections: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each underlined sentence or part of a sentence. You may have to change a word, add a word or just delete a word. If you change a word, write the missing word with a slash（\）and write the correct word near it. If you add a word, write the missing wordwith a slash（\）and write the correct word near it. If you add a word, write the missing word between the words（in brackets）immediately before and after it. If you delete aword, cross it out with a slash（\）. Put your answers in the ANSWER SHEET.（10%）eg. 1.（46）The meeting begun 2 hours ago.Correction in the ANSWET SHEET: （46） begun beganeg.2. （47）Scarcely they settled themselves in their seats in the theatre when the curtain went up.Correction in the ANSWER SHEET:（47）（Scarcely）had （they）eg.3. （48）Never will I not do it again.Correction in the ANSWER SHEET:（48）not（46）Clonaid, a company associated by a group that believes extraterrestrials created mankind, announced Friday that it had produced the first clone of a human being. According to the spokeswoman, it is a baby girl who appears to have been born healthy.（47）As we know, cattle, mice, sheep and other animals have been cloned in the past years with mixing success.（48）All cloned animals have displayed defects later in life.（49）Scientists fear same could happen with cloned humans.（50）The company Clonaid is viewed skeptical by most scientists, who doubt the group’s technical ability to clone a human being.（51）But the Clonaid spokeswoman said an dependent expert was going to confirm the baby’s clone status through DNA testing.（52）Clonaid is lead by Brigitte Boisselier, a former deputy director of research at the Air Liquide Group, a French producer of industrial and medical gases.（53）Clonaid is also linked to a sect called the Raelians, whose founder, Claude Vorihon, describes himself for a prophet and calls himself Rael. （54）The group believes cloning could extend human life for hundred of years. In fact, Clonaid has been racing the Italian fertility doctor Severion Antinori to produce the first cloned baby.（55）Antinori said in last month he expected one of his patients to give birth to a cloned baby in January.Part Five: WritingDirection: Write a short composition of about 250 to 300 words on the topic given below.（15%）Topic: Comment on the Development of the Internet北京大学2003年博士研究生入学考试英语试题详解Part One Structure and Written Expression1. A take refuge in求助于…；take pride in以…为傲；take place in在（某处）发生；take action采取行动。

北大考研英语作文模板IntroductionIn the realm of postgraduate entrance examinations, the English essay is a critical component that can make or break a candidate's chances of admission. It is essential to craft an essay that not only demonstrates your linguistic prowess but also your analytical and critical thinking skills. Here is a template that can guide you in writing a compelling English essay for the Peking University postgraduate examination.Paragraph 1: Hook and Thesis StatementBegin with a strong opening sentence that grabs the reader's attention. This could be a thought-provoking question, a surprising fact, or a relevant quote. Following this, present your thesis statement, which is a clear and concise statement of your main argument or opinion.Example:"In an era where technological advancements are reshaping our world, the role of education in fostering innovation cannot be overstated. This essay argues that Peking University, with its rich academic heritage and cutting-edge research facilities, is the ideal environment for nurturing the nextgeneration of innovators."Paragraph 2: Supporting Idea 1Introduce your first supporting idea, which should be a logical extension of your thesis statement. Provide evidence or examples to back up your claim. This could include data, expert opinions, or personal experiences.Example:"The first pillar of Peking University's strength lies in its distinguished faculty. Professors like Dr. Li, a renowned expert in artificial intelligence, not only teach students the latest theories but also guide them through practical applications, thus equipping them with the skills necessary to drive future innovations."Paragraph 3: Supporting Idea 2Present your second supporting idea, which should complement the first. Again, ensure that you provide solid evidence to reinforce your argument.Example:"Moreover, Peking University's state-of-the-art research centers, such as the Institute for Advanced Studies, offer unparalleled opportunities for students to engage ingroundbreaking research. The collaborative environment fosters a culture of exploration and discovery, which is essential for innovation."Paragraph 4: Counterargument and RefutationAcknowledge the opposing viewpoint and then refute it with your own reasoning. This shows that you have considered multiple perspectives and strengthens your argument.Example:"One might argue that innovation can occur anywhere with the right mindset. However, the structured and supportive ecosystem provided by Peking University, including resources like the Innovation and Entrepreneurship Center, is uniquely positioned to catalyze and sustain innovative endeavors."ConclusionSummarize your main points and restate your thesis in a new way. End with a call to action or a thought that leaves a lasting impression on the reader.Example:"In conclusion, Peking University's commitment to academic excellence and innovation is evident through its faculty, research facilities, and supportive ecosystem. It is thiscommitment that makes it a breeding ground for future innovators. As we look to the horizon of what's possible, it is clear that Peking University will continue to play a pivotal role in shaping the future."Final Note:Remember to tailor this template to fit the specific prompt and requirements of your essay. Personalize your essay with your own voice and insights to make it stand out. Good luck with your postgraduate entrance examination!。

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北京大学英文推荐信格(一)At the request of Mr. Xizhen Chen, my former student in the Department of Computer Science, Beijing Univ. of Sciences, I am glad to write this letter furnishing my evaluation of his academic aptitude for yourreference. Mr. Chen is interested in your graduate program in Computer Science.I came to know him in September 1987 when Mr. Chen enrolled in my class on FORTRAN IV Programming, a three semesters' course. In the class he was one of the most outstanding students. At the semester final he earned a high grade of 81, which should be "A" according to our grading system. I also found him good at other studies.After the class, he had personal talks with me several times. He indicated a great interest in computer hardware, In my opinion, Mr. Chen has a potential in Computer Science, which can be further developed. In view of his previous achievements in this College, I am firmly convinced that Mr. Chen will make a successful graduate student. Your favorable consideration of his admission will be highly appreciated.北京大学英文推荐信格(二)It gives me a great pleasure to recommend Mr. Cheng as a transfer to the School of Business Administration of your University in the summer quarter of 1989.During academic year 1980-1984, he was a student in our Department, World College of Journalism. I found him verydiligent and intelligent. He often participated in extracurricular activities contributing a great deal to community affairs.Though Mr. Cheng graduated from this college 5 years ago, he keeps, contact with me very often. Worthy of mention also is his personality, honest, reliable, responsible and mature.I strongly recommend this promising young man and your favorable consideration and assistance to him will be very much appreciated.北京大学英文推荐信格(三)To Whom It May Concern:I have had the distinct pleasure of having Kaya Stone as a student in my debate classes and on my debate team for three years at Eastern Little Hope High School.Kaya has been more than the ideal student. In order to achieve the highest grades and my deepest respect, she has demonstrated outstanding leadership and maintained a clear sense of purpose. The academics at Eastern Little Hope are most challenging, and Kaya fulfilled all the requirements with the added challenge of honors and advanced courses. Kaya is an outstanding extemporaneous speaker and debater. She has won many awards on the speech and debate circuits, and qualified for national tournaments. Success in these interscholastic activities requires extensive research and persuasive skills. Kaya also holds the degree of Special Distinction, as a member of the National Forensic League.Due to its nature of metro, state, and national interscholastic competition, the successful high school forensics student serves by not only representing his or her school but also by representing his or her community as well. One of the requirements in my advanced class is to prepare lectures andguidance for the beginners. With Kaya’ s superior knowledge and involvement in the political sciences, she developed a strong sense of confidence with a charming attitude. Therefore, I could always depend on her to set the best example as an instructor. Because of her natural leadership abilities, Kaya was selected as our Debate Captain. On account of her mature approach to her responsibilities, I often thought of Kaya as a colleague.Since her classmates, my fellow teachers, and I will always hold her in the highest esteem, I sincerely recommend Kaya Stone as the ideal candidate for matriculation at Eastern Little Hope State. Respectfully submitted, Dan Peel, Ph.D.。

考取北京大学作文英语《如何考取北京大学》。

Beijing University, commonly known as Peking University, is one of the most prestigious universities in China and even in the world. Its rich history, academic excellence, and vibrant campus life attract countless aspiring students each year. However, gaining admission to Peking Universityis no easy feat. It requires diligent preparation, outstanding academic performance, and strong personal qualities. In this essay, we will explore the strategiesand qualities necessary to successfully gain admission to Peking University.First and foremost, academic excellence is paramount when applying to Peking University. As one of the top universities in China, Peking University sets high academic standards for its applicants. Therefore, it is essential to excel in all academic subjects, especially in subjects relevant to the desired major. Maintaining a high GPAthroughout high school and achieving top scores on standardized tests such as the Gaokao (China's national college entrance examination) are crucial steps towards gaining admission to Peking University.In addition to academic achievements, extracurricular activities and personal qualities also play a significant role in the admissions process. Peking University seeks well-rounded individuals who demonstrate leadership potential, creativity, and a commitment to serving their community. Therefore, participating in extracurricular activities such as student government, community service projects, sports teams, or academic competitions cangreatly enhance one's application. Moreover, cultivating strong communication skills, critical thinking abilities, and a passion for learning are essential qualities that Peking University looks for in its applicants.Furthermore, demonstrating a genuine interest in Peking University and its academic programs is essential for a successful application. Conducting thorough research on the university's history, faculty, and curriculum can helpapplicants tailor their application essays and interviews to align with Peking University's values and mission. Additionally, visiting the campus, attending information sessions, and connecting with current students or alumni can provide valuable insights into life at Peking University and demonstrate a sincere desire to become part of the university community.Moreover, showcasing unique talents, experiences, or achievements can set applicants apart from their peers and make a memorable impression on the admissions committee. Whether it's publishing research papers, winning prestigious awards, or overcoming significant challenges, highlighting personal accomplishments can demonstrate resilience, creativity, and a capacity for success –qualities that are highly valued by Peking University.In conclusion, gaining admission to Peking University requires a combination of academic excellence, extracurricular involvement, personal qualities, and a genuine passion for learning. By focusing on these key areas and presenting a well-rounded application thatshowcases one's strengths and accomplishments, aspiring students can increase their chances of success in gaining admission to Peking University and embarking on a rewarding academic journey.This essay is intended to provide guidance and inspiration for aspiring students who are considering applying to Peking University. While the road to admission may be challenging, with dedication, perseverance, and a commitment to excellence, anything is possible. Good luck to all future applicants!。

北京大学博士考试英语模拟试题It would mirror the fate ofathletics, in which disproportionate energies and resources--not least medical ones, like illegal steroids--are now invested to shave records bymilliseconds. And, it goes without saying, the logical extension of longevism--the "abolition" of death--would net be a solution but only an exacerbation.(33) To air these predicaments is not anti-medical spleen--a churlish reprisal against medicine for its victories--but simply to face the growing reality ofmedical power not exactly without responsibility but with dissolving goals,(34) Hence medicine's finest hour becomes the dawn of its dilemmas For centuries, medicine was impotent and hence unproblematic, From the Greeks to theGreat War, its job was simple to struggle with lethal diseases and gross disabilities, to ensure live births, and tomintage pain. It performed theseuncontroversial tasks by and large with meager success. Today, with mission accomplished, medicine's triumphs are dissolving m disorientation, (35) Medicinehas led to vastly inflated expectations, which the public has eagerly swallowed. Yet as these expectations grow unlimited, they become unfulfillable. Thetask facing medicine in the twenty-first century will be to redefine its limits even as it extends its capacities.Part Three: Cloze TestDirection: Fill in each numbered blank in the following passage with ONE suitable word to complete the passage Put your answers in the ANSWERSHEET. (10%)For______(36) the bloodshed and tragedy of D-Day, the beaches of Normandy will always evoke a certain ______(37): a yearning for a time when nations inthe civilized world buried their differences and combinedto oppose absolute evil, when values seemed clearer and the retable consequences of war stopped______ (38) of the annihilation of humanity. But over half a century after the Allies hit those wave-battered sand flats and towering cliffs, the Normandyinvasion stands as a feat _______ (39) to be repeated.There will never be ____ (40) D-Day. Technology has changed the conditions of warfare in ways that none of the D-Day participants could have __(41), Ali-out war in the beginnings of this century would surely spell all-out _____ (42) for the belligerents, and possibly for the entire human race. No crediblescenario for a future world war would allow time for the massive buildup' of conventional forces that occurred in the 1940s. The moral equivalent of theNormandy invasion in the nuclear age would involve a presidential decision to put tens of millions of American lives at _____ (43). And the possible benefitsfor the allies would be uncertain at bestEuropean defense experts often ask whether the U.S.would be willing to "trade Pittsburgh for 'Dusseldorf.”In practice, the question may well be whetherit is worth ____ (44) American cities to avenge a Europe already _____ (45) to rubble.Part Four: ProofreadingDirections: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether l0 mistakes, one in each underlined sentence or part. of a sentence.You may have to change a word, add a word or just delete a word. lf you change a word, cross it out with a slash() and write the correct word. lf you add aword, write the missing word between the words (in bracket3) immediately before and after it. If you delete a word, cross it out with a slash (), Put your。

北京⼤学博⼠英语考试试题及解析P a r t T w o：S t r u c t u r e a n d W r i t t e n E x p r e s s i o n（20%）Directions：For each question decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. Mark your choices on the Answer Sheet.11．Whether the extension of consciousness is a “good thing”for human being is a question thata wide solution.A．admits of B. requires of C. needs of D.seeks for12．In a culture like ours, long all things as a means of control, it is sometimes a bit of a shock to be reminded that the medium is the message.A．accustomed to split and dividedB．accustomed to splitting and dividingC．accustomed to split and dividingD．accustomed to splitting and divided13．Apple pie is neither good nor bad; it is the way it is used that determines its value.A. at itselfB. as itselfC. on itselfD. in itself14．us earlier, your request to the full.A.You have contacted…we could comply withB.Had you contacted…we could have complied withC.You had contacted…could we have complied withD.Have you contacted…we could comply with15．The American Revolution had no medieval legal institutions to or to root out, apart from monarchy.A. discardB. discreetC. discordD. disgorge16. Living constantly in the atmosphere of slave, he became infected the unconscious theirpsychology. No one can shield himself such an influence.A. on…by…atB. by…for…inC. from…in…onD. through…with…from17. The effect of electric technology had at first been anxiety. Now it appears to create.A. boreB. boredC. boredomD. bordom18. Jazz tends to be a casual dialogue form of dance quite in the receptive and mechanical forms of the waltz.A. lackedB. lackingC. for lack ofD. lack of19. There are too many complains about society move too fast to keep up with the machine.A. that have toB. have toC. having toD. has to20. The poor girl spent over half a year in the hospital but she is now for it.A. none the worseB. none the betterC. never worseD. never better21. As the silent film sound, so did the sound film color.A. cried out for…cried out forB. cry out for…cry out forC. had cried out for…cried out forD. had cried out for…cry out for22. While his efforts were tremendous the results appeared to be very .A. triggerB. meagerC. vigorD. linger23. Western man is himself being de-Westernized by his own speed-up, by industrial technology.A. as much the Africans are detribalizedB. the Africans are much being detribalizedC. as much as the Africans are being detribalizedD. as much as the Africans are detribalized24. We admire his courage and self-confidence.A. can butB. cannot onlyC. cannot butD. can only but25. In the 1930’s, when millions of comic books were the young with fighting and killing, nobody seemed to notice that the violence of cars in the streets was more hysterical.A. inundatingB. imitatingC. immolatingD. insulating26. you promise you will work hard, support you to college.A. If only…will IB. Only…I willC. Only if…will ID. Only if…I will27. It is one of the ironies of Western man that he has never felt invention as a threat to his way of life.A. any concern withB. any concern aboutC. any concern inD. any concern at28. One room schools, with all subjects being taught to all grades at the same time, simplywhen better transportation permits specialized spaces and specialized teaching.A. resolvedB. absolvedC. dissolvedD. solved29. People are living longer and not saving enough, which means they will either have to worklonger, live less in retirement or bailed by the government.A. in…for…upB. for…on…outC. by…in…onD. on…for…out30. The country s deficit that year to a record 1698 billion dollarsA. soaredB. souredC. soredD. sourcedPart Three: Close Test (10%)Directions: Read the following passage carefully and choose ONE best word for each numbered blank. Mark your answers on the Answer Sheet.2009 was the worst year for the record labels in a decade31 was 2008, and before that 2007 and 2006. In fact, industry revenues have been 32 for the past 10 years. Digital sales are growing, but not as fast as traditional sales are falling.Maybe that’s because illegal downloads are so easy. People have been 33 intellectual property for centuries, but it used to be a time-consuming way to generate markedly 34 copies. These days, high-quality copies are 35. According to the Pew Internet project, people use file-sharing software more often than they do iTunes and other legal shops.I’d like to believe, as many of my friends seem to, that this practice won’t do much harm. But even as I’ve heard over the past decade that things weren’t 36 bad, that the music industry was moving to a new, better business model, each year’s numbers have been worse. Maybe it’s time to admit that we may never find a way to 37 consumers who want free entertainment with creators who want to get paid.38 on this problem, the computational neuroscientist Anders Sandberg recently noted that although we have strong instinctive feelings about ownership, intellectual property doesn’t always 39 that framework. The harm done by individual acts of piracy is too small and too abstract.“The nature of intellectual property,”he wrote, “makes it hard to maintain the social and empathic 40 that keep(s) us from taking each other’s things.”31. A. As B. Same C. Thus D. So32. A. stagnating B. declining C. increasing D. stultifying33. A. taking B. robbing C. stealing D. pirating34. A. upgraded B. inferior C. ineffective D. preferable35. A. numerous B. ubiquitous C. accessible D. effortless36. A. so B. this C. that D. much37. A. satisfy B. help C. reconcile D. equate38. A. Based B. Capitalizing C. Reflecting D. Drawing39. A. match up with B. fill in C. fit into D. set up40. A. constraints B. consciousness C. norm D. etiquettePart IV: Reading Comprehension(20%)Directions: Each of the following four passages is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each question or unfinished statement, four answers are given. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each question. Mark your choices on the Answer Sheet.Passage OneCancer has always been with us, but not always in the same way. Its care and management have differed over time, of course, but so, too, have its identity, visibility, and meanings. Pick up the thread of history at its most distant end and you have cancer the crab—so named either because of the ramifying venous processes spreading out from a tumor or because its pain is like the pinch of a crab’s claw. Premodern cancer is a lump, a swelling that sometimes breaks through the skin in ulcerations producing foul-smelling discharges. The ancient Egyptians knew about many tumors that had a bad outcome, and the Greeks made a distinction between benign tumors (oncos) and malignant ones (carcinos). In the second century A．D．, Galen reckoned that the cause was systemic, an excess of melancholy or black bile, one of the body’s four “humors,”brought on by bad diet and environmental circumstances. Ancient medical practitioners sometimes cut tumors out, but the prognosis was known to be grim. Describing tumors of the breast, an Egyptian papyrus from about 1600 B．C．concluded: “There is no treatment.”The experience of cancer has always been terrible, but, until modern times, its mark on the culture has been light. In the past, fear coagulated around other ways of dying: infectious and epidemic diseases (plague, smallpox, cholera, typhus, typhoid fever); “apoplexies”(what we now call strokes and heart attacks); and, most notably in the nineteenth century,“consumption”(tuberculosis). The agonizing manner of cancer death was dreaded, but that fear was not centrally situated in the public mind—as it now is. This is one reason that the medical historian Roy Porter wrote that cancer is “the modern disease par excellence,”and that Mukherjee calls it “the quintessential product of modernity.”At one time, it was thought that cancer was a “disease of civilization,” belonging to much the same causal domain as “neurasthenia” and diabetes, the former a nervous weakness believed to be brought about by the stress of modern life and the latter a condition produced by bad diet and indolence. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, some physicians attributed cancer—notably of the breast and the ovaries—to psychological and behavioral causes. William Buchan’s wildly popular eighteenth-century text “Domestic Medicine”judged that cancers might be caused by “excessive fear, grief, religious melancholy.”In the nineteenth century, reference was repeatedly made to a “cancer personality,”and, in some versions, specifically to sexual repression. As Susan Sontag observed, cancer was considered shameful, not to be mentioned, even obscene. Among the Romantics and the Victorians, suffering and dying from tuberculosis might be considered a badge of refinement; cancer death was nothing of the sort. “It seems unimaginable,”Sontag wrote, “to aestheticize”cancer.41. According to the passage, the ancient Egyptians .A. called cancer the crabB. were able to distinguish benign tumors and malignant onesC. found out the cause of cancerD. knew about a lot of malignant tumors42. Which of the following statements about the cancers of the past is best supported by the passage?A. Ancient people did not live long enough to become prone to cancerB. In the past, people did not fear cancerC. Cancer death might be considered a badge of refinementD. Some physicians believed that one s own behavioral mode could lead to cancer43. Which of the following is the reason for cancer to be called “the modern disease”?A. Modern cancer care is very effectiveB. There is a lot more cancer nowC. People understand cancer in radically new ways nowD. There is a sharp increase in mortality in modern cancer world44.“Neurasthenia”and diabetes are mentioned because .A. they are as fatal as cancerB. they were considered to be “disease of civilization”C. people dread them very muchD.they are brought by the high pressure of modern life45. As suggested by the passage, with which of the following statements would the author most likely agree?A. The care and management of cancer have development over timeB. The cultural significance of cancer shifts in different timesC. Cancer s identity has never changedD. Cancer is the price paid for modern lifePassage TwoIf you happened to be watching NBC on the first Sunday morning in August last summer, you would have seen something curious. There, on the set of Meet the Press, the host, David Gregory, was interviewing a guest who made a forceful case that the U．S．economy had become “very distorted.”In the wake of the recession, this guest explained, high-income individuals, large banks, and major corporations had experienced a “significant recovery”; the rest of the economy, by contrast—including small businesses and “a very significant amount of the labor force”—was stuck and still struggling. What we were seeing, he argued, was not a single economy at all, but rather “fundamentally two separate types of economy,”increasingly distinct and divergent.This diagnosis, though alarming, was hardly unique: drawing attention to the divide between the wealthy and everyone else has long been standard fare on the left. (The idea of “two Americas”was a central theme of John Edwards’s 2004 and 2008 presidential runs.) What made the argument striking in this instance was that it was being offered by none other than the former five-term Federal Reserve Chairman Alan Greenspan: iconic libertarian, preeminent defender of the free market, and (at least until recently) the nation’s foremost devotee of Ayn Rand. When the high priest of capitalism himself is declaring the growth in economic inequality a national crisis, something has gone very, very wrong.This widening gap between the rich and non-rich has been evident for years. In a 2005 report to investors, for instance, three analysts at Citigroup advised that “the World is dividing into two blocs—the Plutonomy and the rest”.In a plutonomy there is no such animal as “the U．S．consumer”or “the UK consumer”, or indeed “the Russian consumer”. There are rich consumers, few in number, but disproportionate in the gigantic slice of income and consumption they take. There are the rest, the “non-rich”, the multitudinous many, but only accounting for surprisingly small bites of the national pie. Before the recession, it was relatively easy to ignore this concentration of wealth among an elite few. The wondrous inventions of the modern economy—Google, Amazon, the iPhone broadly improved the lives of middle-class consumers, even as they made a tiny subset of entrepreneurs hugely wealthy. And the less-wondrous inventions—particularly the explosion of subprime credit—helped mask the rise of income inequality for many of those whose earnings were stagnant. But the financial crisis and its long, dismal aftermath have changed all that. A multi-billion-dollar bailout and Wall Street’s swift, subsequent reinstatement of gargantuan bonuses have inspired a narrative of parasitic bankers and other elites rigging the game for their own benefit.And this, in turn, has led to wider-and not unreasonable-fears that we are living in not merely a plutonomy, but a plutocracy, in which the rich display outsize political influence, narrowly self interested motives, and a casual indifference to anyone outside their own rarefied economic bubble.46. According to the passage, the U．S．economy .A. fares quite wellB. has completely recovered from the economic recessionC. has its own problemsD. is lagging behind other industrial economies47. Which of the following statement about today’s super-elite would the passage support?A. Today’s plutocrats are the hereditary eliteB. Today’s super-rich are increasingly a nation unto themselvesC. They are the deserving winners of a tough economic competitionD. They are worried about the social and political consequences of rising income inequality48. What can be said of modern technological innovations?A. They have lifted many people into the middle class.B. They have narrowed the gap between the rich and the non-rich.C. They have led to a rise of income inequality.D. They have benefited the general public.49. The author seems to suggest that the financial crisis and its aftermath .A. have compromised the rich with the non-richB. have enriched the plutocratic eliteC. have put Americans on the alert for too much power the rich possessD. have enlarged the gap between the rich and non-rich50. The primary purpose of the passage is to .A. present the financial imbalance in the U．S．B. display sympathy for the working classC. criticize the super elite of the Unite StatesD. appreciate the merits of the super rich in the U．S．Passage ThreeCharles Darwin’s “On the Origin of Species”is credited with sparking evolution’s revolution in scientific thought, but many observers had pondered evolution before him. It was understanding the idea’s significance and selling it to the public that made Darwin great, according to the Arnold Arboretum’s new director.William Friedman, the Arnold Professor of Organism and Evolutionary Biology who took over as arboretum director Ja n．1, has studied Darwin’s writings as well as those of his predecessors and contemporaries. While Darwin is widely credited as the father of evolution, Friedman said the “historical sketch”that Darwin attached to later printings of his masterpiece was intended to mollify those who demanded credit for their own earlier ideas.The historical sketch grew with each subsequent printing, Friedman told an audience Monday (Ja n．10), until, by the 6th edition, 34 authors were mentioned in it. Scholars now believe that somewhere between 50 and 60 authors had beaten Darwin in their writings about evolution Included was Darwin’s grandfather, Erasmus Darwin, a physician who irritated clergymen with his insistence that life arose from lower forms, specifically mollusks.Friedman’s talk, “A Darwinian Look at Darwin’s Evolutionist Ancestors,”took place at the arboretum’s Hunnewell Building and was the first in a new Director’s Lecture Series.Though others had clearly pondered evolution before Darwin, he wasn’t without originality.Friedman said that Darwin’s thinking on natural selection as the mechanism of evolution was shared by few, most prominently Alfred Wallace, whose writing on the subject after years in the field spurred Darwin’s writing of “On the Origin of Species.”Although the book runs more than 400 pages, Friedman said it was never the book on evolution and natural selection that Darwin intended. In 1856, three years before the book was published, he began work on a detailed tome on natural selection that wouldn’t see publication until 1975.The seminal event in creating “On the Origin of Species”occurred in 1858, when Wallace wrote Darwin detailing Wallace’s ideas of evolution by natural selection. The arrival of Wallace’s ideas galvanized Darwin into writing “On the Origin of Species”as an “abstract”of the ideas he was painstakingly laying out in the larger work.This was a lucky break for Darwin, because it forced him to write his ideas in plain language, which led to a book that was not only revolutionary, despite those who’d tread similar ground before, but that was also very readable.Though others thought about evolution before Darwin, scientific discovery requires more than just an idea. In addition to the concept, discovery requires the understanding of the significance of the idea, something some of the earlier authors clearly did not have—such as the arborist who buried his thoughts on natural selection in the appendix of a book on naval timber. Lastly, scientific discovery demands the ability to convince others of the correctness of an idea.Darwin, through “On the Origin of Species,”was the only thinker of the time who had all three of those traits, Friedman said.“Darwin had the ability to convince others of the correctness of the idea,” Friedman said, adding that even Wallace, whose cla im to new thinking on evolution and natural selection was stronger than all the others, paid homage to Darwin by titling his 1889 book on the subject, “Darwinism.”51. According to William Friedman, Darwin’s “On the Origin of Species”is great in that.A. it was the most studied by later scientistsB. it had significant ideas about evolutionC. it was the first to talk about evolutionD. it was well received by the public52. Friedman believes that Darwin attached a “historical sketch”to later printings of his book in an attempt to .A. credit the ideas about evolution before hisB. claim himself as the father of evolutionC. introduce his grandfather to the readerD. summarize his predecessors work53. In Friedman s view, Darwin s originality lies in .A. his thinking on natural selection as the mechanism of evolutionB. his sharing ideas about evolution with his contemporariesC. the way he wrote “On the Origin of Species”D. the way he lectured on the ideas of evolution54. We have learned that at first Darwin intended to write his idea in .A. a much larger bookB. a 400page bookC. scientific termsD. plain language55. Scientific discovery requires all the following Expect .A. coming up with a new ideaB. understanding the significance of the ideaC. making claims to the idea by writing booksD. convincing others of the correctness of the idesPassage FourMany adults may think they are getting enough shut-eye, but in a major sleep study almost 80 percent of respondents admitted to not getting their prescribed amount of nightly rest. So, what exactly is the right amount of sleep? Research shows that adults need an average of seven to nine hours of sleep a night for optimal functionality. Read on to see just how much of an impact moderate sleep deprivation can have on your mind and body.By getting less than six hours of sleep a night, you could be putting yourself at risk of high blood pressure. When you sleep, your heart gets a break and is able to slow down for a significant period of time. But cutting back on sleep means your heart has to work overtime without its allotted break. In constantly doing so, your body must accommodate to its new conditions and elevate your overall daily blood pressure. And the heart isn’t the only organ that is overtaxed by a lack of sleeps. The less sleep you get, the less time the brain has to regulate stress hormones, and over time, sleep deprivation could permanently hinder the brain’s ability to regulate these hormones, leading to elevated blood pressure.We all hang around in bed during our bouts of illness. But did you know that skipping out on the bed rest can increase your risk of getting sick? Prolonged sleep deprivation has long been associated with diminished immune functions, but researchers have also found a direct correlation between “modest”sleep deprivation—less than six hours—and reduced immune response. So try to toughen up your immune system by getting at least seven hours of sleep a night, and maintaining a healthy diet. You’ll be glad you got that extra hour of sleep the next time that bug comes around and leaves everyone else bedridden with a fever for three days.During deep REM sleep, your muscles (except those in the eyes) are essentially immobilized in order to keep you from acting out on your dreams. Unfortunately, this effort your body makes to keep you safe while dreaming can sometimes backfire, resulting in sleep paralysis. Sleep paralysis occurs when the brain is aroused from its REM cycle, but the bodyremains in its immobilizing state. This can be quite a frightening sensation because, while your mind is slowly regaining consciousness, it has no control over your body, leaving some with a feeling of powerlessness, fear and panic. Most people experience this eerie phenomena at least once in their lives, but those who are sleep deprived are more likely to have panicked episodes of sleep paralysis that are usually accompanied by hallucinations, as well.For a second, imagine all of your memories are erased; every birthday, summer vacation, even what you did yesterday afternoon is completely lost, because you have no recollection of them.It’s a chilling thought, but that is what a life without sleep would be like. Sleep is essential to the cognitive functions of the brain, and without it, our ability to consolidate memories, learn daily tasks, and make decisions is impaired by a large degree. Research has revealed that REM sleep, or dream-sleep, helps solidify the “fragile”memories the brain creates throughout the day to that they can be easily organized and stored in the mind’s long-term cache.56. According to the passage, what is the meaning of “sleep deprivation”?A. To sleep for an average period of time.B. To sleep deeply without dreaming.C. To sleep less than needed.D. To sleep modestly.57. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to Paragraph 3?A. When everyone else gets a fever, those with sleep deprivation will be abele to sleep longer.B. When everyone else gets a fever, those who usually have adequate sleep will be alright.C. Only modest sleep deprivation could weaken the immune system.D. Prolonged sleep deprivation will not have impact on the immune system.58. Why is there the so-called “sleep paralysis”?A. It occurs when you are unable to wake up from dreams while you are sleeping.B. It occurs when you brain immobilizes your body in order to keep you from dreaming.C. Because you are usually too frightened to move your body when waking up from deep REM sleep.D. Because your body, immobilized when dreaming, may still be unable to move even when your brain is waking up.59.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the last paragraph?A. Memories are part of the cognitive function of the brain.B. Memories created during the daytime are usually fragile and impaired.C. You are likely to lose your memories of yesterday after a night’s sleep.D. Long term memory cannot be formed without dream-sleep.60. What effects of sleep deprivation on human mind and body are discussed in this passage?A. High blood pressure, a toughened immune system, sleep paralysis, and memory loss.B. Blood pressure, immune system, sleep paralysis, and long term memory.C. Blood pressure, immune system, the brain and the body, and memory.D. High blood pressure, a weakened immune system, sleep paralysis, and memory loss.Part V: Proofreading (15%)Directions: In the following passage, there are altogether 15 mistakes, ONE in each numbered and underlined part. You may have to change a word, add a word, or just delete a word. If you change a word, cross it with a slash (/) and write the correct word beside it. If you add a word, write the missing word between the words ( in brackets )immediately before and after it. If you delete a word, cross it out with a slash (/). Put your answer on the Answer Sheet (2).Examples:eg. 1(61) The meeting begun 2 hours ago.Correction put on the Answer Sheet (2): (61) begun beganeg. 2(62) Scarcely they settled themselves in their seats in the theatre when the curtain went up .Correction put on the Answer Sheet (2): (62) (Scarcely) had (they)eg. 3(63) Never will I not do it again.Correction put on the Answer Sheet (2): (63)notWal-Mart announced Thursday afternoon that it would introduce a program nationwide called (61) “Pick Up Today”that allows customers to submit orders online and pick up their items few hours later in their local store. (62) The move is not revolutionary—Sears and Nordstrom, as instance, already have similar programs.(63) Retailers say that tying online and in-store inventory together lets them to sell more products. (64) Nordstrom recently combined its inventory so that if the online stockroom is out of a jacket, a store that has it can ship to the Web customer. (65) Encourage customers to retrieve items they have ordered online in a store increases visits to the stores, which usually increases sales.(66) Best Buy offers both store pickup and “ship to store,”where items are shipped free from a local store. Ace Hardware, J．C．Penney and Wal-Mart itself are among the others offering “ship to store”programs.In Wal-Mart’s program, (67) that is expected to be nationwide by June, customers can select from among 40,000 items online.(68) They will send a text message or e-mail alerting them when the order is ready, which usually takes about four hours.(69) “Not only we see it as a nice convenience for customers, but we also saw it as a way to drive incremental traffic to the stores, and incremental sales,”said Steve Nave, senior vice president and general manager of Walmar t．Com.(70) The program will include about 40000 items likewise electronics, toys, home décor and sporting goods. (71) As of now, it does not include groceries, though M r．Nave did dismiss that possibility.(72) “We’re not ready to talk today about everything that’s going on in grocery,”he said“What we’ve tried to do is (73) focus on those categories where customers are most likely to be willing to make the purchase after they touch it or look at it. (74) This is a convenient play, trying to figure out what are the things that are going to drive more customers into the stores.”Wal-Mart also announced that (75) it was shortened the time customers would have to wait for ship-to-store items, to four to seven days, from seven to 10 days.Part VI: Writing (15%)Directions: Read the following paragraph and then write a response paper of about 250 to 300 words. Write it nearly on the Answer Sheet (2).In China, minimum wage becomes higher in many places. But people disagree over its benefits and drawbacks. Supporters say it increases the worker’s standard of living, while opponents say it increase unemployment. What do you think?Part II Structure and Written Expression（20%）11.【A】A项admits of“容许，有……的可能”；B项requires of“要求，要求得到”；C项needs of“满⾜需要”；D项seeks for“寻找，追求，探索”。

北京大学博士英语试题及答案一、阅读理解（共20分）阅读下列短文，然后回答1-5题。

The rise of digital technology has transformed the way welive and work. It has also changed the way we communicate. In the past, people mainly relied on face-to-face communicationor letters to convey messages. However, with the advent ofthe internet and smartphones, instant messaging and social media have become the primary means of communication for many.1. What is the main topic of the passage? (4分)A. The impact of digital technology on communication.B. The history of communication methods.C. The importance of face-to-face communication.D. The disadvantages of social media.2. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a communication method mentioned? (4分)A. Face-to-face communication.B. Letters.C. Instant messaging.D. Radio broadcasts.3. What does the passage imply about the future of communication? (4分)A. It will become more personal.B. It will rely more on digital technology.C. It will return to traditional methods.D. It will become less frequent.4. What is the purpose of the passage? (4分)A. To inform readers about new communication technologies.B. To persuade readers to use traditional communication methods.C. To describe the history of communication methods.D. To analyze the effects of digital technology on communication.5. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? (4分)A. The passage argues that digital technology has had a negative impact on communication.B. The passage suggests that digital technology has made communication more efficient.C. The passage states that people no longer use face-to-face communication.D. The passage claims that the internet and smartphones have replaced all other communication methods.二、词汇与语法（共30分）Choose the correct answer to complete the sentence. Write the letter of the correct answer in the blank.6. The company has decided to ________ its employees with the latest technology.A. equipB. qualifyC. supplyD. provide7. Despite the heavy rain, they ________ the mountain successfully.A. climbedB. ascendedC. roseD. lifted8. The new policy will ________ a significant impact on the economy.A. haveB. takeC. makeD. get9. She is ________ to be the best candidate for the job.A. likelyB. probableC. possibleD. potential10. The book is ________ interesting that I can hardly put it down.A. soB. veryC. tooD. quite三、翻译（共20分）Translate the following sentence into English.11. 随着人工智能的发展，许多传统行业正在经历转型。

博士英文作文要求Being asked to write a doctoral-level English essay that is conversational in style and lacks a clear logical order or connection between paragraphs presents a unique challenge. However, I will do my best to meet these requirements and showcase a diverse range of language features in each paragraph.Paragraph 1:The topic of my essay is the impact of technology on education. Technology has revolutionized the way we learn, making information more accessible and interactive. From online courses to educational apps, technology has transformed the learning experience. It has opened up new opportunities for students to explore and engage with subjects in a way that was not possible before.Paragraph 2:One aspect of technology in education is the use of virtual reality (VR) in the classroom. Imagine being able to take a virtual field trip to ancient Rome or explore the depths of the ocean without leaving the classroom. VR technology has the potential to bring learning to life and make it more immersive and engaging. Students can interact with virtual objects and environments, enhancing their understanding and retention of information.Paragraph 3:Another way technology has impacted education is through the use of artificial intelligence (AI). AI-powered tools can analyze student data and provide personalized feedback and recommendations. This individualized approach to learning can help students progress at their own pace and address their specific needs. AI can also assist teachers in managing administrative tasks, allowing them to focus more on instruction and student support.Paragraph 4:Social media has also had a significant influence on education. Platforms like Twitter and Facebook have become valuable tools for communication and collaboration among students and educators. They provide a space for sharing ideas, resources, and discussions. Social media can also be used as a platform for online learning communities, where individuals with similar interests can connect and learn from each other.Paragraph 5:In conclusion, technology has had a profound impact on education, transforming the way we learn and teach. From virtual reality to artificial intelligence and social media, technology has opened up new possibilities for education.It has made learning more accessible, interactive, and personalized. As technology continues to evolve, it will be exciting to see how it shapes the future of education.Please note that this essay does not follow atraditional structure and the paragraphs are not connectedin a logical or chronological order. Each paragraphpresents a different aspect of the topic, showcasing diverse language features and maintaining the requested conversational style.。

博士英语作文万能模板Introduction:[Begin with a strong thesis statement that encapsulates the main argument or the research question of your essay.]Body Paragraph 1:[Start with a topic sentence that introduces the first main point. Follow with evidence, such as data, research findings, or theoretical frameworks, to support your point. End with an analysis of how this evidence relates to your thesis.]Body Paragraph 2:[Repeat the structure from Paragraph 1, but introduce a new main point. Ensure that each point you make is relevant to your thesis and contributes to the overall argument of your essay.]Body Paragraph 3:[Continue with another main point, again supported by evidence and analysis. At this stage, you may also wish to acknowledge potential counterarguments and explain why your position remains valid despite these alternatives.]Conclusion:[Summarize the main points made in the body paragraphs and restate your thesis in a new way. Discuss the significance of your findings and suggest areas for further research or implications for practice.]Bibliography:[List all the sources you have cited in your essay, following the appropriate academic citation style (e.g., APA, MLA, Chicago).]Appendices (if applicable):[Include any additional materials such as graphs, charts, extended data, or questionnaires that were not included inthe main body of the essay but are relevant to your research.]Remember, the key to a successful doctoral-level essay is not just the template but the depth of your analysis, the rigorof your research, and the clarity of your communication. Always tailor your essay to fit the specific requirements of your discipline and the unique demands of your research question.。