鲁教版语法专项复习课件八、动词
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一、动词( verbs)1、神态动词神态动词表示说话人对所说动作的看法,如需要、可能、意向、思疑等。
在形式上,情态动词一般没有人称和数的变化,有的神态动词没有时态的变化,如must 。
神态动词自己词义不完整,不可以独自作谓语动词,一定和不带“to ”的动词原形连用。
常有神态动词有 can,may,must , have to, should, would 等。
神态动词一般有多个意义。
神态动词的否认式一般是在后来面加 not 组成,一般疑问句往常将其提到句首。
神态动词的一定式一般不重读。
1)can( 1)表示能力We can speak a little English.Her sister can play the violin.I can play badminton but I can’ t play volleyball.( 2)表示允许You can play basketball on weekends.We can’ t run in the hallways.( 3)表示恳求Can you help me with my Chinese?Could you tell him to call me back?(这儿的could 比 can 更委宛。
)2) must 表示“一定”Don’ t arrive late for class. We must be on time.Molly must do her homework first when she gets home.3) have to表示“不得不”,“一定”We have to be quiet in the library.She has to do her homework first when she gets home.have to表示“一定”时与must 意义很靠近,有时可与must 交换。
比如:We have to/must follow the rules.但在以下方面有所不一样:( 1) must 往常表示的是说话人的主观见解,语气比较强列, have to 常常重申客观需要,比如:I must go now.It ’s a little late and I have to go now.(2)它们的否认式含义大不同样。
英语动词专项复习一、教学目标:复习掌握动词的四种基本形式、系动词、及物动词和非及物动词的变化和使用二、复习要点1、动词的基本形式初中阶段动词的基本形式有:动词现在式、过去式、过去分词、现在分词。
(1)动词现在式动词在一般现在式中有两种应用:动词原形(主语是第一、第二和第三人称复数)和动词第三人称单数(主语是第三人称单数)动词第三人称单数的变化规则动词原形变第三人称单数的规则与发音规律同名词单数变复数大致相同,请认真观察。
1、大多数动词在词尾加“S”stop-stops make-makes read-reads play-plays2、以辅音字母加“y”结尾的,要先将“y”变为“i”,然后在加“es”fly-flies carry-carries study-studies worry-worries3、以“s, x, ch, sh”结尾的,在词尾加“es”teach-teaches watch-watches finish-finishes fix-fixes miss-misses4、以“o”结尾的动词,加“es”go-goes do-does5、不规则的要注意be-is have-has(2)、动词过去式及过去分词动词过去式主要用于一般过去时,过去分词主要用于现在完成时和过去完成时变化规则:1)在词尾+edlook-looked play-played2)以不发音的e结尾的动词+dlive-lived hope-hoped3)以辅音字母+y结尾的动词变y为i+edstudy-studied carry-carried4)以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母结尾的动词双写最后的辅音字母+edstop-stopped fit-fitted5)不规则的要注意ride-rode-ridden fly-flew-flown (具体变化参照老师教授的不规则表)(3)现在分词现在分词主要应用于现在进行时变化规则:1)一般情况下,直接在动词后加-ingwork ---- working sleep ----- sleeping study ----- studying2)动词以不发音的-e结尾,要去-e加-ingtake ----- taking make ----- making dance ----- dancing3)重读闭音节的动词,要双写词尾字母,再加-ingcut ----- cutting put ----- putting begin ------ beginning4)以-ie结尾的动词,把变成y再加-inglie ----- lying tie ----- tying die ----- dying2、及物动词及物动词:及物动词本身意义不完全,需要接宾语才能使其意思完全。
初中英语总复习资料八种动词时态,有的只要求达到理解层次,有的则要求达到熟练运用层次。
至少其中五种时态包括过去进行时是要求达到熟练运用层次的,而且其考查方式肯定不会以某一时态的独立形式出现,而是时态的综合运用,尤其要重视各种时态之间的区别。
找出它们之间的不同冠词的用法.现以冠词为例:1.John was given _______ orange bag for his birthday but ______ bag was lost just now.A.an,aB.a,theC.the,aD.an,the2.There's ________ old tree near _______ house. A.a,an B.an,the C.a,the D.the,a3.There is ___ 800-metre-long road behind ___ hospital.A.an,an B.a,a C.an,theD.a,the4._______ good,kind girl she is! A.How B.What a C.What D.How a5.________ bad weather!I hope it won't last long.A.How B.What C.What aD.How a6._______ they are listening to the teacher!A.How carefulB.What carefulC.How carefullyD.What carefully由上例题我们可以发现冠词和感叹句是必考内容。
同样,象宾语从句的语序、代词的格、主谓语一致、动词和介词的搭配、近义词的比较以及习惯表达法和情态动词的使用等,无一不在考查之列。
所有这一切语言基础知识,我都将通过对典型试题的解题分析,展开讨论,分层展示难易对比,系统归纳。
对于语言基础知识是这样处理,那么对以能力测试为主要目的的中考其他试题形式又该怎么办呢?这里我们以一篇完形填空题为例:A poor farmer had never left his small village.After he(1) a lot of money,he decided to spend a holiday in an expensive hotel(旅馆)in a bigtown.(2)lunch time came on his first day there,he went to eat in the restaurant(餐馆)of the hotel(3) his new clothes.The head waiter(服务员)(4)him to the table,took his order and went away.When he turned and (5)the farmer again,he had a (6)!The farmer had tied(系)his table cloth round his (7).The head waiter told another waiter to go to the farmer and (8) him that people (9) do such a thing in his restaurant.So the waiter went tothe farmer and said in a (10) voice(声音),"Good morning,sir.Would you like a haircut?"1.A.lent B.made C.paid D.gave2.A.During B.Though C.When D.Because3.A.for B.with C.on D.in4.A.wanted B.put C.showed D.brought5.A.looked at B.watched C.saw D.found6.A.look B.rest C.table clothD.surprise7.A.arm B.neck C.hand D.head 8.A.ask B.tell C.taughtD.told9.A.can't B.don't C.won't D.mustn't 10.A.friendly B.tired C.sad D.ter要求考生从所给的选项中选出正确答案,使补足后的短文意思通顺,结构完整。