高考英语短文改错罕有错误类型之五兆芳芳创作1、冠词的多用、少用、混用.2、名词的数与格的误用.3、主谓不一致的错误.学生往往容易轻忽定语从句中强调句型中的主谓一致性.4、代词的指代不一致的错误.代词的指代一致性包含人称、数、格和性四方面的统一.代词的人称可分为第一、二、三人称和非人称；代词的数分为单数和单数；代词的格分为主格、宾格、所有格还有名词性物主代词；代词的性分为阳性、阴性和中性.5、动词的时态、语态和语气的误用.多数动词有时态、语态、和语气变更形式，还有上下文的时态照应，主从句的时态一致.6、非谓语动词的误用.非谓语动词的难点主要体现在V—ing 形式和过来分词的用法区别、V—ing形式与不定式的用法区别、以及非谓语动词的时态、语态的正确运用.7、形容词、副词的混用及其比较等级的误用.形容词一般在句中作定语修饰名词或代词，作表语说明主语的性质、特征；而副词的作用较庞杂，经常修饰形容词、副词、介词短语、动词或全句.形容词和副词比较等级的误用现象：①省略不当；②自身比较；③修饰语的误用；④than连接的两个比较对象不一致或不服行.8、联系关系词语的误用.联系关系词分并列连词 and，but，or，so，when等，从属连词——各类从句的引导词.联系关系词语的误用除涉及到其根本知识，还涉及至行文逻辑关系.短文改错题习用的命题手法是：①and，but，or，so等之间的混用；②because与so并用；③although与but并用；④why 与because 并用；⑤come与go混用；⑥here与there混用.9、平行结构的误用.平行结构是指用一连串作用和结构相同的或相似的成份表达同一规模或同一性质、密切联系关系的内容.平行结构有词之间的平行、词组之间的平行、句子或从句之间的平行、段落之间的平行.在平行结构中经常使用的并列连词有and，but，or，than等.10、成分的多与少——多一词或少一词.多或少的词语，罕有于冠词、介词、不定式标识表记标帜to等，不过有时也可能是实义词.在短文改错中常出现repeat back，serve for等错误.这类错误大多由于学生受汉语表达习惯的影响，或对英语词义的理解不敷准确造成的.11、固定搭配、习习用法和介词的误用.短文改错中涉及到固定搭配、习习用法经常多用、少用或误用其中的介词，有时也涉及到其中的动词、冠词的错误搭配.1. 动词时态和语态每年都有时态错误的小题，并且修改根本集中在一般过来时与一般现在时之间.时态的更改要以上下文的主体时态为依据.（1）（2003全国卷）She liked it very much and reads it to the class. All said the story was... 84. read（and连接并列谓语）（2）（2004江苏卷）At once I apologize and controlled myself... 83. apologized（and连接并列谓语）（3）（2004全国卷） Sometimes, we talked to each other very well in class,... 82. talk（按照sometimes可判断此句为一般现在时）（4）（2005全国卷Ⅱ）I will write again and send you the photos we take together. 85. took（把照片寄给你，应该是已经拍好的，用过来时）（5）（2005全国卷Ⅰ） There are advantage for students to work while studying at school. One of them was that they can earn money.77. is（从上下文判断，应该是现在时，谓语用is）（6）（2005江苏卷）We named him Jack and keep him for about three years. 76. kept（and连接并列谓语）【好题调研】1. You don’t need to describe her. I met her several tim es.2. After the drive, it was cost just over ￡2 to put the car back into perfect condition.3. All the tickets had sold out when I got to the cinema.4. Great changes have been taken place in the city since 1990.5. The teacher caught me cheating. I don't know what to say.6. Hardly did the doctor gone to bed when there was a knock on the door.7. The harder you will work, the better results you will have.8. Yesterday we were playing basketball while they are playing football.9. I should very much like to have gone to the party, but I am notinvited.10. I don’t think she’ll be upset, but I’ll see her in case she does.答案与解析：1. met前加have.2. 去掉was.3. had后加been.4. 去掉been.5. don't→didn’t.6. did→had.7. 去掉第一个will.8. are→were.9. am→was.10. does→is.【强化闯关】1. Every possible means has tried, but none proves successful.2. We were told not to go that way because the bridge was repaired.3. The pen I thought I lost is on my desk, right under my nose.4. I spent two weeks in Paris last year. Had you gone there before?5. I'm really discouraged, I didn't expect there will be so much trouble in finding a job here.6. I have been studying computer for several years and I still have.7. Last Sunday, he went to the library, borrowing two books and then left.8. Neither side was willing to give in at all, as a result no agreement has reached.9. Mr White works as a lawyer now, but he has worked in a company for several years.10. She was so interested in the book that she read it for three hours before she realized it.11. When I saw her smiling face, I knew she is writing good news of her daughter.12. Remember to send me a photo of us next time you will write to me.13. I can guess you were in a hurry. You were wearing your sweater inside out.14. I know Mr. Brown; we are introduced to each other at an international conference.15. I want to buy that kind of cloth because the cloth is washes well.答案与解析：1. has后加been.2. was后加being.3. lost前加had.4. Had→Have.5. will→would.6. 第二个have→am.7. borrowing→borrowed.8. has→was.9. 去掉has.10. read前加had.11. is→was.12. 去掉will.13. 第二个were→are.14. are→were.15. 去掉is.2. 名词单单数（1）单单数互改是高考英语改错题的根本题型之一，修改的依据有：一是按照名词前的修饰限定成份；二是按照上下文的逻辑关系.（1）（2003全国卷）Their word were a great encouragement to me.85. words（是把word改成words 仍是把were改成was，按照名词前的修饰限定词their来决定.）（2）（2004江苏）that was a dinner we had waited for several month. 85. months（several修饰单数名词）（3）（2004全国卷Ⅰ） a few minute on the Internet. 77. minutes （a few修饰单数名词）（4）（2005全国卷Ⅱ）But one and a half year later. 79. years （one and a half意思为一年半，故判断此处year应为单数形式）（5）（2005全国卷Ⅰ）There are advantage for students to work...76. advantages（从there are 判断应该用名词单数）【好题调研】1. Please read the instruction carefully before using the medicine.2. It's such an important information that we should report it to the headmaster at once．3. Are they going to have a picnic on Childrens Day?4. To my surprised, I found we have much in common in our taste.5. There are five shoes to choose from, but I’m at a loss which to buy.6. The New York Times are read all over the United States.7. The police is searching the city for a thief.8. During my stay in London I visited many places of interests.9. We study quite a few subject, such as maths, Chinese, English, and physics.10. I take a quick at some of the headline on the front page.答案与解析：1. instruction→instructions.2. 去掉冠词an.3. Childrens→Children’s.本题考查单数名词所有格的用法.children 自己是单数名词，其所有格应加’s，类似地，Women’s Day, Teachers’ Day, Nurses’ Day等.4. surprised→surprise.5. shoes前加pairs of.6. are→is.7. is→are.8. interest s→interest.9. subject→subjects.10. headline→headlines.【强化闯关】1. We practice three times every week and often watch football match on TV together.2. Carry your valuable with you, your money, jewelry, camera and so on.3. The majority of doctors believes smoking is harmful to health.4. After one year hard work, the Senior Three students have already prepared themselves for the entrance examination.5. Today I visited the Smiths—my first time visit to an American family.6. That is where the main difference between animals and human being lies.7. She said she and my classmate all wished me success.8. Professor White gave me one of the best piece of advice I’ve ever heard.9. If you have troubles falling asleep, some people suggest breathingslowly.10. I asked several passer-by, but unfortunately none of them knew the difference.11. Remember that we will not always get so many time for our parent and other family members.12. I saw your wife and children waiting for me with warm smile of welcome on their faces.13. I told her not to use the office phone for personal call.14. Looking back at my childhood experience, I think that three reason might explain the fear.15.Many new homes have been built in helping you to get round London.答案与解析：1. match→ma tches.本题是名词单数的使用错误.结合语境，通过电视所看角逐不止一场，单数概念.2. valuable→valuables.本题是因为不了解词的特殊意义而出错.此处valuable是名词，作“宝贵物品”讲，应用单数形式.3. believes→believe.本题是因为不了解majority的用法造成主谓不一致.majority暗示“大多数”，作主语，谓语用单数形式.4. year→year’s.暗示“时间”等名词此作定语时，经常使用其所有格形式.5. 去掉time.本题考查英汉不同造成的语义重复.英语中first自己已经包含“第一次”之意，因此后边的time是多余的.6. being→beings.本题是名词数的使用错误.human being暗示“人类”，是可数名词，此处与animals相对应，应用其单数形式.本句中the main difference作主语，单数形式.7. classmate→classmates.本题考查按照语境用单数的判断能力.结合知识一个学生的classmate不止一个吧，其次，后边用all暗示“都祝福我成功”也说明classmates应用单数形式.8. pie ce→pieces.本题考查语境中必须用单数形式的场合.one of…结构中心名词须用单数形式来暗示“……之一”.9. troubles→trouble.本题考查经常使用句型中名词的用法.have trouble/difficulty in doing 是经常使用句型，其中trouble/difficulty 都是不成数名词.10. passer-by→passers-by.本题考查按照语境用单数的判断能力以及复合名词单数的组成.several暗示后边用单数形式；passer-by 属于复合名词，这类词往往加在中心名词上，再如，brothers-in-law, standers-by, grown-ups.11. many→much.本题考查不成数名词的修饰语.many, a good many, a great number of等都暗示“许多”概念，但只能修饰可数名词单数形式.12. smile→smiles.本题考查按照语境用单数的判断能力.不止一团体的笑脸，因此应用单数形式.13. call→calls.本题为名词数的误用.call为可数名词，在此语境中须用单数；如用单数须加不定冠词a.14. reason→reasons.本题为名词数的误用.three后接单数名词.15.homes→houses. home暗示“有人类勾当的家庭”，而house单纯指“供人居住的屋子”.3. 句子结构句子结构方面的错误规模庞大，解答高考英语改错题主要可以从以下几方面来思考：1）句子结构是否完整，成份是否冗缺；2）单词的词性与其在句中的功效是否相符；3）主谓一致；4）复合句中连接主句和从句的关系词或引导词的运用是否得当等.（1）（2004 全国卷）I won’t be able to meet you at the airport although I have classes in the afternoon. 78. because/as（复合句中连接主句和从句的关系词运用不当）（2）（2004 全国卷Ⅱ）I don’t know that they don’t like to talk with me. 81. why（复合句中连接主句和从句的关系词运用不当）（3）（2005全国卷Ⅰ）For the most part, students working to earn money for their own use. 78. work（缺谓语动词）（4）（2005全国卷Ⅰ）Earning their own money allow them to spend on anything if they like. 79. allows（主语是动名词短语Earning their own money，谓语应该用单数）（5）（2005江苏卷）But the most wonderful thing about Jack were his musical ability. 84. was（主语是第三人称单数）4. 赘述高考英语改错题中的赘述是指在一些固定表达中或从上下文逻辑来看用了多余的词，从而使句子表达不合标准或造成逻辑上的重复.（1）（2003全国卷80）I followed her advice and should put down 100 words or so each day. 80. should（并列谓语，should多余）（2）（2004 全国卷）Can you tell me about what I should do?85. about（tell sb about/of sth或tell sb接从句）（3）（2004重庆卷）I had to look up to the same word many times, ... 78. to（look up a word查字典）（4）（2005全国卷Ⅰ）Some students may also to save up for their college or future use. 84. to（情态动词may后接动词原形）（5）（2005江苏卷） But for the most wonderful thing about Jack was his musical ability. 83. for（but是连词for是介词，不克不及并列）5. 固定结构（固定句型、固定短语、固定搭配）所谓固定结构是指英语中一些不克不及随意更改的习惯表达.如固定短语中的词不克不及缺，固定搭配要前后一致等.（1）（2003全国卷81）Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was ... 81. talking（enjoy doing为固定短语）（2）（2004 全国卷Ⅰ）I am sure they will laugh to me and see me as a fool. 79. at（laugh at sb. 固定短语）（3）（2004 浙江卷）from friends can all provide you for stamps from all over the world. 82． with（provide ... with为固定短语）（4）（2005全国卷Ⅱ）I am writing to thank you with your kind help. 76. for（thank sb for sth）（5）（2005全国卷Ⅰ） or for permission to do things by money.83. with（with money）6. 冠词英语中冠词只有三个，从高考英语改错题的角度来看，只能从以下几个标的目的出题：1）不定冠词a和an互改；2）不定冠词a或an和定冠词the互改；3）按照需要增删冠词.（1）（2004 全国卷Ⅲ）I will have to decide what I want to do over a weekend. 77. the（按照句义是特指这个周末）（2）（2004江苏卷）When I was ∧boy, ... 76. ∧a（我是一个男孩，应用不定冠词 a.）（3）（2004 辽宁卷）This was my first visit to a English family.78. an（English开头字母是元音，应该用an）（4）（2004重庆卷）I started writing down words from ∧ books that I read. 82. ∧the（名词后由从句修饰时，应使用定冠词）（5）（2005全国卷Ⅱ）I hope you’ve had∧pleasant journey home and will come to China 83. ∧a【好题调研】1. Besides, it’s waste of time and energy for my teacher to visit my home.2. A new science museum was open to public in my city last month.3. What a great fun it is to have a swim in the summer vacation!4. Ten minutes later, the firemen came and put out fire.5. I used to be a happy little girl but now I’m shy and say a few words.6. I had not studied at all at the weekend as I had thought it would bea easy test.7. Since he has no sense of humor, I’m sure he didn’t catch humor in your remarks.8. A stranger stopped in the front of me and asked me the way to a new restaurant.9. I began to feel worried because I didn’t have either a raincoat or umbrella about me.10. She explained what her problem was to one of helpful shop assistants.答案与解析：1. waste前加a.本题考查名词固定搭配.a waste of浪费（时间、金钱）.2. public前加the.本题考查含名词的固定短语.the public大众；人民.3. 去掉a.fun暗示“有趣的人或事”但是不成数名词.great fun很有趣的人或事.4. fire前加the.本题考查名词暗示特指的用法.这里特指消防队员要扑灭的大火.5. 去掉第二个 a.本题考查按照句子逻辑进行判断的能力.按照used to暗示前后对比的用法得知，后半句暗示自己现在沉默寡言，否认意义.6. a→an.本题考查可数名词前冠词的准确运用.由于中心名词test 是单数形式，而easy以元音开头，因此前边应加上an而不是a.由于不细心造成功败垂成，可惜呀！7. 第二个humour前加the.本题考查同一名词不合语境的灵活用法.a sense of humor幽默感.第二空特指谈话中的幽默点.8. 去掉第一个the.本题考查易混介词短语的用法.in the front of暗示内部的前边，而in the front of暗示“在……前边”（相对位置），显然这里应用后者.9. umbrella前加an.本题考查可数名词前冠词的准确运用.umbrella 是可数名词，又以元音开头，前边应用不定冠词an.10. helpful前加the.本题考查特定语境中名词暗示特指的用法.显然这里特指特定的一位善解人意的营业员.【强化闯关】1. I was in such hurry that I burnt my hand when I was cooking breakfast.2. Yes, why not give me a call or come for the get-together this weekend?3. These cleaning women are paid by hour.4. Helen was pleased with the offer and decided to start work next day.5. Of all the students I made fewest mistakes in the exam.6. Do you know who is in the charge of the children here?7. He felt that somebody patted him on his shoulder.8. The most important thing about cotton in history is a part that it played in the Industrial Revolution.9. Each player must obey captain, who is the leader of the team.10. As she didn’t want to spend m uch money, she chose cheaper of the two.11. Please tell a good news to the rest of the family as soon as possible.12. When sun was setting, he still didn't catch any fish.13. Here is introduction to the Beech School of English.14. In fact many people enjoy sports by watching the others play.15. The Wilsons live in an A-shaped house near the coast. It is the 17th century cottage.答案与解析：1. hurry前加a.本题考查固定搭配准确运用能力.in a hurry是固定词组，意为“匆忙地”.2. the→a.本题考查可数名词前冠词的确定.由于是第一次出现“聚会”这个概念，应理解为泛指，因此前边应用a.3. hour 前加the.计量单位词前要用the.by the hour暗示按小时（付钱等）.4. next前加the.本题考查冠词的灵活用法.next day泛指“明天；第二天”，若暗示具体一天之后“第二天”应用the next day.5. fewest前加the.本题考查形容词最初级前使用定冠词的用法.the fewest mistakes错误最少.6. 去掉第一个the.本题考查易混短语的用法.in charge of暗示“担任；主管”，而in the charge of暗示“由……担任”，意思相反.按照本句意思，应用前者.7. his→the.本题考查特定句型中冠词的使用.“hit, pat, strike, catch, seize, take…+ sb. on/in/by+the+身体部位名词”是经常使用句型，应牢记.8. a→the.本题考查名词暗示特指的用法.这里特指棉花在产业反动中所起的作用，是特指，应用the.9. captain前加the.本题考查名词暗示特指的用法.后边的定语从句起限制作用，应用定冠词the修饰.10. cheaper前加the.本题考查冠词与比较级连用的用法.暗示“两者之间更……”应用“the +比较级+of”句型.11. a→the.本题考查结合语境名词暗示特指的用法.显然这里特指双方都知道的消息，因此应用定冠词the.12. sun前加the.本题考查结合定冠词the根本用法.日月星辰、江河湖海等名词前经常使用定冠词the.13. introduction前加an.本题考查单数可数名词前冠词的用法.an introduction to对……的介绍.14. 去掉the.本题考查与冠词相关的易混代词的用法.the others暗示“剩余的全部”，而others暗示“其他人；他人”.本句意为：事实上许多人所谓喜欢体育是看着他人玩的.15. 第三个the→a.一般来说，序数词前应用定冠词the，但这里中心词是cottage，偏重暗示“一个十七世纪气概的茅屋”，泛指概念.7. 代词代词不但要与其所指代对象一致，其运用还要适合上下文的语气及逻辑关系.（1）（2004 浙江卷）And every year more and more people start a stamp collection of your own ... 78. their（指代对象应一致）（2）（2004湖北卷）You have to be friends with your pupils and take good care of him. 83. them（pupils 是单数,后应该用替代单数名词的代词.）（3）（2005全国卷Ⅰ）Some students may also save up for our college or future use. 85. their（指代对象应一致）（4）（2005江苏卷）We often play a trick on himself. 79. him （play a trick on sb）【好题调研】1. There is a No.2 trolleybus and a No.24 bus; any will take you there.2. Its your decision, of course, but I advise you to take it.3. If you want to change for a double room you'll have to pay other $15.4. We had to do the washing, cleaning and shopping by us.5. If this dictionary is not yours, who else can it be?6. The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.7. Tom’s mother kept telling him that he should work hard, but whic h didn’t help.8. At once I apologized and controlled me at my best till the dinner started.9. And I came to understand that was not easy to earn money.10. Luckily, the teacher did not punish for cheating but instead gave me a second chance.答案与解析：1. a ny→either.本题是语境逻辑考虑不周造成.这里应用either暗示“两者之一”.2. Its→It’s.本题考查易混不定代词的区别.Its是形容词性物主代词，而It’s是It is的缩写，意思也不合.3. other→another.another $15暗示“另外15元”，相当于15 other dollars.4. us→ourselves.本题考查反身代词的用法.按照语境应用by ourselves暗示“靠我们自己”.5. who→whose或else→else’s.本题考查句子内在逻辑判断.whose else=who else’s，暗示“其他谁的（物品）”.6. his→their.不定代词指代一致性.The Smiths暗示“史密斯佳耦”或“史密斯一家人”，单数概念，因此后边用did their best与之照应.7. which→it.本题考查句法用法.but是并列连词，引导并列句，而which引导定语从句，前后矛盾，所以应理解为并列句比较适合.8. me→myself.本题是反身代词的语境运用错误.按照语境这里指“我”自我调控，反身代词作宾语.9. was→it.本题考查it作形式主语的用法.这里it代替后边的不定式短语作形式主语.10. punish后加oujia 后加me.本题是代词语境运用错误.punish sb. for sth.因为……而惩罚某人.【强化闯关】1. No progress was made in the trade talks as none side would accept the conditions of the other.2. Staying with an English family it will provide you with a chance to practise your spoken English.3. I need some blue ink today but there is nothing at hand.4. The day before the speech contest English teacher talked to me.5. The thieves fled the town separately, every carrying a bag.6. Most of the housework was done by two members of the family, my sister and mine.7. Cut the apple into halves so that the twins may each get other half.8. Few pleasures can equal those of a cool drink on a hot day.9. One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher. 10. Was you that I saw last night at the concert?11. I prefer a street in a small town to that in such a large city as Shanghai.12. There is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.13. The Parkers bought a new house but he will need a lot of work before they can move in.14. I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have it.15. There’re so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can’t make up my mind what to buy.答案与解析：1. none→neither.本题考查不定代词根本用法.none用于三者以上，而the other用于两者之间，结合语境谈判是在两者之间，所以改none为neither.2. 去掉it.本题考查句法应用，因为Staying with an English family 可以直接作主语，所以后边的it是多余的，应去掉.3. nothing→none.本题考查易混不定代词的区别.nothing意为“没有东西”，偏重答复有没有，而偏重暗示“没有一团体”或“没有一点东西”偏重数量，显然这里指后者.4. English前加my.本题是单数名词前修饰语问题.teacher是可数名词，因此前边应用my进行限定.5. every→each.本题是混合了every和each的区别.every是形容词，只能作定语，而each可作代词或形容词，作主语、宾语、同位语等.6. mine→me.本题是代词指代一致性错误.按照语境，my sister and me作前边two members of the family的同位语，又位于介词之后，因此应用宾格.7. other前加the.halves本题是疏忽语境关头词导致错误.halves暗示总共只有两份，各取其一，即“两者之一”.8. th ose→that.本题考查代词指代用法.that多替代单数可数名词或不成数名词，而those代替单数名词.这里that代替the pleasure ofa cool drink.9. showed后加it.本题是动词短语结构不完整.show…to sb.把……给某人看.10. Was后加it.本题是固定句型运用错误.原句是强调句型，即It is/was…that…，应注意结构完整性.11. that→one.本题考查代词指代用法.that和one 都可以代替单数可数名词，但that暗示特指，而one暗示泛指，the one才暗示特指.12. There→It.本题考查it作形式主语的用法.这里it代替后边的主语从句作形式主语.13. he→it.本题考查代词指代用法.but后边it指代时间，而不是主语The Parkers.oub 14. it→one.本题考查不定代词的用法.it可指上文提到的人或物，是同一个对象，而one指代上文提到的同一类人或物.15. what→which.本题考查易混不定代词的区别.what和which都可以引导从句作宾语，前者强调内容，后者强调特定规模内的选择，有所不合.1．介词固定搭配错误【典例1】For example, you can find such information like how to kill people.解析：like→as.2．介词习习用法错误【典例2】At hearing the good news, they jumped with joy.解析：At→On/Upon.介词习习用法错误.On/Upon后接名词或动词-ing形式暗示“一……就”.该句意为：一听到这则好消息，他们欢快地跳了起来.3．易混介词误用【典例3】His father will be back from London after a few days.解析：after→in.易混介词误用.【好题调研】1. The professor divided his spare time into walking and writing.2. Holiday and birthday postcards can all provide you for stamps from all over the world.3. The building was named a hero who laid down his life for the cause of the people.4. The TV set was repaired but not quite with the owner’s satisfaction.5. Except his wife, his daughter also went to see him.6. What he said just now had little to do with the question in discussion.7. Although Tom agreed with her on most points, here was one for which he was unwilling to give in.8. As production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year.9. But for the most wonderful thing about Jack were his musical ability.10. Luckily, the bullet narrowly missed the captain for an inch.答案与解析：1. into→between.介词搭配错误.此句的意思是：教授把业余时间在散步和写作之间分派，并不是把时间分红散步和写作，故不必into.2. for→with.介词搭配错误.provide sb. with sth.意为“给某人提供某物”.3. named后加after.固定搭配错误.name…after暗示“以……给……命名”.4. with→to.介词搭配错误.to one’s satisfaction暗示“令某人满意的是”.该句意为：电视修理了，但不是很令主人满意.5. Except→Besides.易混介词用法错误.besides暗示“除了……之外还”，后边的also是关头信息.6. in→under.介词搭配错误.介词under 后接名词暗示“正在进行”，under discussion意为“正在讨论”.7. for→to.动词固定搭配错误.give in 意为“屈服；投降”，接宾语时，后加介词to.本题中to which he was unwilling to give in是“介词+关系代词”结构引起的定语从句.8. As→With.固定句型介词误用.这是“with+名词/代词+介词短语（up by 60%）”组成的复合宾语结构9. 去掉for.易混介词用法错误.but for意为“要不是”，往往与虚拟语气连用，而本句暗示转折关系，因此应去掉for.10. for→by.介词用法错误.介词后接数词，暗示“相差”.该句意为：幸运的是，子弹差一英寸偏过上尉.【强化闯关】1. By 1929, Mickey Mouse was as popular by children as Coca-Cola.2. There were fifty people on the board when the accident happens.3. We hadn’t planned to meet. We met by a chance.4. September 18, 1931 is the day on which we’ll never forget.5. We show great respect Mr. Anderson, our new English teacher.6. Have you been to the place where your father worked there?7. The better use you can make up time, the greater contributions you will make to society.8. Cancer is second only with heart disease as a cause of death.9. The doctor told her not to eat anything among the three meals.10. The child was lost in the forest, where he was with the mercy of wild beasts.11. The library from that we borrow books will be rebuilt next year.12. We offered him our congratulations for his passing the college entrance exams.13. My uncle lives in116 Changhe Street. His room is on the sixth floor.14. We know nothing about him except his son joined in the army.15. It’s so nice to go out for a walk in a cool nice summer evening.答案与解析：1. by→with.介词搭配错误.be popular with意为“受到……欢送”.2. 去掉第一个the.介词搭配错误.on board意为“在（车、船、飞机）上”.3. 去掉a.介词搭配错误.by chance意为“偶然地；意外地”.4. 去掉on.定语从句关系词准确运用错误.这里定语从句谓语spend是及物动词，后边缺少宾语，因此介词on是多余的.5. respect后加for.动词固定搭配错误.show respect for意为“对……暗示尊敬”.6. 去掉there.7. up→of.8. with→to.9. among→between.10. with→at.介词搭配错误.at the mercy of意为“任……处置；无能为力”.11. that→which.12. for→on.动词固定搭配错误.congratulations on…对……的祝贺语.13. in→at.介词习习用法.涉及居住地街道编号等小地点，应用at.14. except后加that.15. in→on.介词习习用法.一般来说，在上午、下午、晚上应用介词in，但暗示具体一天的上午、下午、晚上等应用on.9形容词与副词及其比较等级1.形容词化过来分词与-ing形式使用不当【典例1】I found the game excited, and my dad explained the rules.解析：excited→exciting.两种分词用法混合.-ed分词一般暗示“感应……”，而-ing形式则暗示“令人……的”，注意从逻辑主语和语境意义上进行推断.这里暗示角逐是“令人冲动的”，应用exciting.【典例2】I hope you will come to China again sometimes in the future .解析：sometimes→sometime.【典例3】The medicine had so a bitter taste that I took it mixed in orange juice.解析：so→such.【典例4】Frogs go deep under the mud.解析：deep→deeply.deep和deeply都可以用作副词，但寄义有别：前者强调转义，“深地；深度地”，后者强调比方义，“深深地”.重点：形容词、副词词类混用【典例4】It was complete dead, and I was a few miles away from anywhere on a cold, wet night.解析：complete→completely.【典例5】We often played a trick on him. We'd throw a coin as far as possibly.解析：possibly→possible.【典例6】I would describe myself as shy and quietly.解析：quie tly→quiet.重点三：形容词、副词比较等级错误形容词副词比较等级错误在短文改错中复现率极高，罕有错误表示在：1．比较结构不完整。
