外科学绪论-
一、外科学范畴
Category of Surgery
1. 外科疾病分类 1) 2) 3) 4)
Classification of Surgical Diseases 损伤 Trauma — mechanical thermal chemical electrical…… 感染 Infection 肿瘤 Tumor Benign, Malignant 畸形 Anatomical abnormalities Congenital, Acquired 其他 Others: Obstruction Parasite diseases Vein varicose Metabolic & Hormonal
5)
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二、外科学的发展
1.我国古代外科的发展
公元前14世纪商代——“疥”、“疮”记载。 周代——外科医师称为“疡医” 汉末——华佗使用麻沸散。 隋代——巢元方著《诸病源侯论》叙及断肠缝连、 腹疝脱出,采用丝线结扎血管。 明代——气管切断丝线吻合、乳癌的描述。 清代 ——骨折、脱臼的正骨疗法、高文晋著《外 科图说》(1866年)。
Theodor Kocher (1841-1917), professor of surgery at the University of Berne and pioneer in the development of surgery of the thyoid. He received the Nobel Prize in 1909.
(4).Innovators & Pioneers in Surgery
Theodor Billroth (1829-1894), professor at the University of Vienna and pioneer abdominal surgeon, Billroth was one of the most influential teachers of his time.