优质资料---欢迎下载Module 2 Traffic JamPart One: Teaching DesignPeriod One: Reading—Getting Around in BeijingGoalsTo learn to read passages with Imperatives about traffic jamsTo learn to read with strategiesProcedures▇Warming up by defining traffic jamWhat is traffic jam or traffic congestion?Traffic jam is a number of vehicles blocking one another until they can scarcely move.Traffic congestion occurs when the volume of traffic on a roadway is high enough to become detrimental to its performance. In congested conditions, vehicle speeds are reduced, increasing drive times. These conditions are also more frustrating for drivers (see road rage), and automobile accidents may be more frequent. Furthermore, vehicles burn unnecessary fuel when stuck at idle. A period of extreme traffic congestion is known as a traffic jam.▇Before you readPlease go over the word list for this module, paying attention to the pronunciation of the word, the relationship between its pronunciation and its spelling.▇While you readCut/ the sentences into thought groups, blacken the predicates, underline the useful expressions▇After you read▇Closing down by making sentencesPeriod Two: FUNCTION—Giving advice GoalsTo learn to give adviceProcedures▇Getting ready with the structure▇Giving advice in pairsPeriod Three: Speaking—Talking about getting around in a cityGoalsTo learn to talk about getting around in a cityProcedures▇Making preparation for speakingTo speak about something well in a foreign language, you need two things prepared: the language and the idea.Now go back to the reading passage to read it again for the necessary vocabulary and ideas to be▇Speaking in groups of four about getting around in a cityC: You are well informed.A: And if you get on a double-decker bus, make sure you sit upstairs. You will have a good view of the rapidly changing city.B: What about taking buses at night?A: Most buses run from about 5:00 am to midnight. However, there is also a night bus service, provided by buses with a number in the 200s.B: I see lots of minibuses in Beijing. Tell me something about them, OK?C: Minibuses with seats for 12 passengers offer an alternative to expensive taxis and crowded public transport in some areas.A: And they run regular services and follow the same routes as large public buses.C: And in a minibus you always get a seat even in rush hours.B: It is indeed convenient enough to travel by a minibus.E: I am new here in Beijing. I’d like to know something about the underground lines here.A: All right. There are four underground lines in Beijing, and several lines are under construction.B: Are trains underground fast and convenient?A: Yes, they are. But rush hours can be terrible.C: And they are expensive. A one-way trip costs 3 yuan.D: And I see station names are marked only in pinyin. There should be more English for the foreigners.Period Four: Grammar—ImperativesGoalsTo learn to use English ImperativesProcedures▇Learning about ImperativesWe use imperatives for different reasons, such as telling people what to do, giving instructions and advice, making recommendations and suggestions, and for making offers.Come in and sit down, please.Don't open the door - it's cold.Put the books on the desk and open the window.Don't ask me –I don’t know.See the lawyer - it's the best thing.Have a bit more water.▲Emphatic imperativ e: do + imperativeDo come next Monday.Do be a bit more brave.Do forgive me - I didn't mean to be harm.▲Passive imperative: get + past participleGet vaccinated as soon as you can.▲Do (not) beDon' t be silly!Do be quiet!▲Subject with imperativ eMary come here - everybody else stay where you are. Somebody answer the phone.Nobody move.Relax, everybody.▲You before an imperativeYou just sit down and relax for a bit.You take your hands off me!▲Question tagsGive me a hand, will you?Sit down, won't you?Get me something to drink, can you?Be quiet, can't you?Don't tell anybody, will you?▲Word order: always and never put before imperatives Always remember what I told you. (NOT Remember always) Never speak to me like that again."▇Practicing making imperative sentencesPeriod Five: Writing—Writing about your town GoalsTo learn to write about placesProcedures▇Reading for structure and ideaGo to read the short passage on page 18. While reading underline the expressions and patterns, and pay attention to the organization of the idea.▇Writing similar passages about your townPeriod Six: CULTURAL CORNER—The London Congestion ChargeGoalsTo read about congestion chargeProcedures▇Before you readPlease go over the word list for this module, paying attention to the pronunciation of the word, the relationship between its pronunciation and its spelling.▇While you readCut/ the sentences into thought groups, blacken the predicates, underline the useful expressions▇After you readCopy all the useful expressions into your Expression Book. You may make sentences with these▇Talking about the London congestion chargePart Two: Teaching Resources for Module 2 Traffic JamSection One: Background readingsI. Background readingsSao PaoloSao Paulo is a state in Brazil. It is the major industrial and economic powerhouse of the Brazilian economy.Sao Paulo is the richest state in Brazil. It has the second highest "per-capita", despite of the poverty in some areas of the greatest cities.2. LagosLagos is the largest city in Nigeria. Lagos is built on the mainland and the series of islands surrounding Lagos Lagoon.Although Lagos isn't the capital, the city is the commercial center of Nigeria.3. NigeriaThe Federal Republic of Nigeria is a country in West Africa. It is the most populous country in Africa. The country's name is unrelated to its African heritage; it was proposed by a Times article in 1897.4. Los AngelesThe City of Los Angeles is the second-largest city in the United States in terms of population, as well as one of the world's most important economic, cultural, and entertainment centers. The city is one of the largest entry points for immigrants to the United States, making it one of world's most culturally rich places. People are attracted to the city for its warm weather, its vibrant lifestyle, its unique energy, and the opportunity to realize the "American Dream."Section Two: Words and Expressions from Module 2 Traffic Jam1. displayn. something shown to the public: He made a display of strength. a display of courage, a display of emotionv. to show, make visible or apparent: National leaders will have to display the highest skills of statesmanship.2. permitv. consent to, give permission: She permitted her son to visit her estranged husband. Children are not permitted beyond this point. This permits the water to rush in.3. faren. 1. [C, U] the money that you pay to travel by bus, plane, taxi, etc.: bus / taxi fares, train / rail fares, Children travel (at) half fare. When do they start paying full fare? 2. [C] a passenger in a taxi: The taxi driver picked up a fare at the station. 3. [U] (old-fashioned or formal) food that is offered as a meal: The restaurant provides good traditional fare.v. fare well, badly, better, etc. to be successful/unsuccessful in a particular situation get on: The party fared very badly in the last election.4. limitn. 1. the greatest possible degree of something: To the limit of his ability. There are limits on the amount you can bet.v. 1. restrict or confine: I limit you to two visits to the pub a day. Limit the time you can spend with your friends.5. providev. supply means of subsistence; earn a living: He provides for his large family by working three jobs. Provide for the proper care of the passengers on the cruise ship. The hostess provided lunch for all the guests. We provided the room with an electrical heater. This procedure provides for lots of leeway.6. convenientadj. 1. convenient (for sb. /sth.) useful, easy or quick to do; not causing problems: It is very convenient to pay by credit card. You’ll find these meals quick and convenient to prepare. Fruit is a convenient source of vitamins and energy. A bicycle is often more convenient than a car in towns. I can’t see him now—it isn’t convenient. I’ll call back at a more convenient time. (disapproving) He used his wife’s birthday as a convenient excuse for not going to the meeting. 2. convenient (for sth.) near to a particular place; easy to get to: The house is very convenient forseveral schools.7. pedaln. 1. a flat bar on a machine such as a bicycle, car, etc. that you push down with your foot in order to make parts of the machine move or work: I couldn’t reach the pedals on her bike. She pressed her foot down sharply on the brake pedal.v. (-ll-, US also -l-) 1. [+adv. / prep.] to ride a bicycle somewhere: I saw her pedaling along the towpath. He jumped on his bike and pedaled off. She pedaled her bicycle up the track. 2. to turn or press the pedals on a bicycle or other machine: You’ll have to pedal hard up this hill. She had been pedaling her exercise bike all morning.8. returnn. the act of returning to a prior location: They set out on their return to the base camp. On his return from Australia we gave him a welcoming party. In return we gave them as good as we got. The average return was about 5%.v. 1. return (to ...) (from ...) to come or go back from one place to another: I waited a long time for him to return. She’s returning to Australia tomorrow after six months in Europe. I returned from work to find the house empty. When did she return home from the trip? 2. return sb. /sth. (to sb. /sth.) to bring, give, put or send sth. back to sb/sth: We had to return the hairdryer to the store because it was faulty. I must return some books to the library. Don’t forget to return my pen! 3. to come back again, reappear, resurface: The following day the pain returned. Her suspicions returned when things started going missing again. 4. return (to sth.) to start discussing a subject you were discussing earlier, or doing an activity you were doing earlier: He returns to this topic later in the report. She looked up briefly then returned to her sewing. The doctor may allow her to return to work next week. 5. return to sth. to go back to a previous state: Train services have returned to normal after the strike. 6. to do or give sth. to sb. because they have done or given the same to you first; to have the same feeling about sb. that they have about you: to return a favor / greeting / stare, She phoned him several times but he was too busy to return her call. It’s time we returned their invitation (= invite them to sth. as they invited us to sth. first). He did not return her love. ‘You were both wonderful!’ ‘So were you!’ we said, returning t he compliment. to return fire (= to shoot at sb. who is shooting at you)9. explorev. explore (sth.) (for sth.) to travel to or around an area or a country in order to learn about it:The city is best explored on foot. They explored the land to the south of the Murray river. As soon as we arrived on the island we were eager to explore. companies exploring for (= searching for) oil 2. to examine sth. completely or carefully in order to find out more about it analyze: These ideas will be explored in more detail in chapter 7. 3. to feel sth. with your hands or another part of the body: She explored the sand with her toes.10. blown. 1. forceful exhalation through the nose or mouth: He gave his nose a loud blow. 2. a powerful stroke with the fist or a weapon: A blow on the head.v. cause air to go in, on, or through: Blow my hair dry. Blow one's nose. Blow a glass vase. Blow on the soup to cool it down. The leaves were blowing in the wind.11. reactv. act against or in opposition to: She reacts negatively to everything I say. The hydrogen and the oxygen react.12. solutionn. the successful action of solving a problem: The solution took three hours. The easy solution is to look it up in the handbook. They were trying to find a peaceful solution. He used a solution of peroxide and water.13. moodn. the prevailing psychological state: The national mood had changed radically since the last election.。
