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核安全公约该公约于1994年6月17日在维也纳通过。
1996年3月1日，中国全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十八次会议决定：批准由国际原子能机构1994年6月17日在维也纳举行的外交会议上通过的《核安全公约》。
1996年4月9日，中国代表向国际原子能机构总干事提交了国家批准书。
自此之后的第九十天起，该公约对中国生效。
序 言缔约各方（i）认识到确保核能利用安全、受良好监督管理和与环境相容对国际社会的重要性；（ii）重申继续促进世界范围内的核安全高水平的必要性；（iii）重申核安全的责任由对核设施有管辖权的国家承担；（iv）希望促进有效的核安全文化；（v）认识到核设施事故有超越国界影响的可能性；（vi）铭记《核材料实物保护公约》（1979年）、《及早通报核事故公约》（1986年）和《核事故或辐射紧急情况援助公约》（1986年）；（vii）确认通过现有的双边和多边机制和制订这一鼓励性公约开展国际合作以提高核安全的重要性；（viii）承认本公约仅要求承诺适用核设施的安全基本原则，而非详细的安全标准；并承认存在着国际编制的各种安全指导文件，这些指导文件不时更新因而能提供实现高水平安全的最新方法方面的指导；（ix）确认一且正在进行的制订放射性废物管理安全基本原则的工作达成国际广泛一致，但立即开始制订有关放射性废物安全管理的国际公约的必要性；（x）承认进一步开展与核燃料循环其他部分的安全有关的技术工作十分有益，并承认这一工作迟早会有利于之前或未来的国际文件的制订；兹协议如下：第1章 目的、定义和适用范围第1条 目 的本公约的目的是：（i）通过加强本国措施与国际合作，包括适当情况下与安全有关的技术合作，以在世界范围内实现和维持高水平的核安全；（ii）在核设施内建立和维持防止潜在辐射危害的有效防御措施，以保护个人、社会和环境免受来自此类设施的电离辐射的有害影响；（iii）防止带有放射性后果的事故发生和一旦发生事故时减轻此种后果。
经济、社会、文化权利国际公约序言本公约缔约各国，考虑到，按照联合国宪章所宣布的原则，对人类家庭所有成员的固有尊严及其平等的和不移的权利的承认，乃是世界自由、正义与和平的基础，确认这些权利是源于人身的固有尊严，确认，按照世界人权宣言，只有在创造了使人可以享有其经济、社会及文化权利，正如享有其公民和政治权利一样的条件的情况下，才能实现自由人类享有免于恐惧和匮乏的自由的理想，考虑到各国根据联合国宪章负有义务促进对人的权利和自由的普遍尊重和遵行，认识到个人对其他个人和对他所属的社会负有义务，应为促进和遵行本公约所承认的权利而努力，下兹同意述各条：第一部分第一条一、所有人民都有自决权。
他们凭这种权利自由决定他们的政治地位，并自由谋求他们的经济、社会和文化的发展。
二、所有人民得为他们自己的目的自由处置他们的天然财富和资源，而不损害根据基于互利原则的国际经济合作和国际法而产生的任何义务。
在任何情况下不得剥夺一个人民自己的生存手段。
三、本公约缔约各国，包括那些负责管理非自治领土和托管领土的国家，应在符合联合国宪章规定的条件下，促进自决权的实现，并尊重这种权利。
第二部分第二条一、每一缔约国家承担尽最大能力个别采取步骤或经由国际援助和合作，特别是经济和技术方面的援助和合作，采取步骤，以便用一切适当方法，尤其包括用立法方法，逐渐达到本公约中所承认的权利的充分实现。
二、本公约缔约各国承担保证，本公约所宣布的权利应予普遍行使，而不得有例如种族、肤色、性别、语言、宗教、政治或其他见解、国籍或社会出身、财产、出生或其他身份等任何区分。
三、发展中国家，在适当顾到人权及它们的民族经济的情况下，得决定它们对非本国国民的享受本公约中所承认的经济权利，给予什么程度的保证。
第三条本公约缔约各国承担保证男子和妇女在本公约所载一切经济、社会及文化权利方面有平等的权利。
第四条本公约缔约各国承认，在对各国依据本公约而规定的这些权利的享有方面，国家对此等权利只能加以限制同这些权利的性质不相违背而且只是为了促进民主社会中的总的福利的目的的法律所确定的限制。
国与国交往的黄金法则
1. 尊重主权：国家之间应该相互尊重彼此的主权和独立，不干涉对方的内政事务。
2. 平等互利：国家无论大小，贫富，都应当在交往中保持平等互利的原则，共同谋求合作和发展。
3. 和平解决争端：国家之间的争端应该通过和平手段进行解决，如通过对话、谈判等方式，避免使用武力或威胁。
4. 尊重多样性：国际社会是多样性的，国家间应该尊重和保护各种文化、宗教和价值观，避免对其他国家进行文化冲突或文化侵略。
5. 互相尊重利益：国家在交往中应该尊重对方的利益，平等对待对方的合法权益，避免对其他国家造成损害和不公平待遇。
6. 和谐共处：国家间应该追求和谐的共处，积极寻求共同利益，促进互相了解、合作和友谊。
7. 遵守国际法：国家应该遵守国际法和国际准则，尊重国际组织的权威，并履行国际公约和合约。
8. 积极对话合作：国家应该通过对话、交流和协商来增进彼此的了解，推动合作、共同发展和维护国际和平与安全。
9. 诚信守约：国家间签订的各种协议和合同应该认真履行，保持诚信和信守承诺的原则。
10. 公平公正：国家之间应该在国际事务中保持公平公正，遵循国际规则和标准，避免以歧视、偏见和不平等待遇对待其他国家。
这些黄金法则是国与国交往的基本原则，它们有助于建立稳定、和谐和互利的国际秩序，促进各国之间的持久和平与发展。
船舶海上国际公约要求汇总1.《国际海上搜救公约》（SAR公约）：该公约要求各国建立及保持海上搜救协调中心，并确保及时有效地提供搜救服务。
2.《国际制止恐怖行动船舶和港口设施保护公约》（SOLAS公约）：该公约要求国家采取必要措施，确保船舶和港口设施的安全，以防止恐怖分子利用船舶实施恐怖袭击。
3.《国际安全管理规范ISM公约》：该公约要求船舶经营人建立并执行安全管理体系，以确保船舶航行安全、保护环境和安全运营。
4.《国际船载设备与安全公约》（SOLAS公约）：该公约规定了必须装备在船舶上的各种设备及安全要求，以提高航行安全。
5.《国际危险货物航行安全公约》（IMDG公约）：该公约规定了危险货物的分类、包装、标记、装载和运输的要求，以确保危险货物的航运安全。
6.《国际海上油污染防治公约》（MARPOL公约）：该公约要求船舶避免在海上排放污染物，包括油污染物、船舶废料以及船舶排放的甲烷废气。
7.《国际航海规则公约》（COLREG公约）：该公约规定了商船航行时的权益和义务，以保护船舶的航行安全，并避免碰撞事故的发生。
8.《国际劳动组织船员工资和工时公约》：该公约规定了船员的工资、工时、休假、社会保险等方面的权益和要求，以确保船员的合理待遇。
9.《国际海上健康证书公约》：该公约规定了船员的健康检查要求，以防止船员传播疾病和确保船员身体健康。
10.《国际船舶残骸处置公约》（WRC公约）：该公约要求国家采取措施，妥善处置或移除因事故或灾害而造成的船舶残骸，以避免对环境和航道造成进一步的污染和安全隐患。
以上是一些重要的船舶海上国际公约要求的汇总，这些公约的制定和贯彻落实对于保护海上航行安全、保护环境和促进国际贸易都起到了重要的作用。
海牙规则海牙规则(Hague Rules)全称为《统一提单的若干法律规定的国际公约》。
也是关于提单法律规定的第一部国际公约。
早期，作为最大货主的美国于1893年通过了《哈特法》（Harter Act），这部法律最大特点就在于对免责的限制。
哈特法这种规定对航运界产生重大影响，并为1924年海牙规则所接受。
海牙规则规定了承运人最低限度义务，免责事项，索赔和诉讼，责任限制和适用范围以及程序性等几个方面。
对于承运人免责事项，海牙规则第4条2款列举了11项免责事项。
11项免责事项，尤其是航行和管船过失亦免责奠定了海牙规则关于承运人的不完全过失责任制的基础。
对于索赔和诉讼时效，海牙规则均规定了较短时间。
索赔通知为交货前或当时，货物灭失、损坏不明显为移交后3日内并以书面形式。
但双方进行联合检查者除外。
海牙规则规定了一年的诉讼时效，自货物交付或应当交付之日起一年内。
对于责任限制，海牙规则规定了每件或每单位100英镑的最高赔偿额。
但托运人装货前就货物性质和价值另有声明并载入提单的则不在此限。
至于适用范围，公约适用于任何缔约国内签发的提单。
这使海牙规则的适用范围有限。
因而，人们常常用提单（B/L）中的首要条款（Paramount Clause）扩大海牙规则的适用范围。
总体看来，《海牙规则》无论是对承运人义务的规定，还是免责事项，索赔诉讼，责任限制，均是体现着承运方的利益。
而对货主的保护则相对较少。
这也是船货双方力量不均衡的体现。
力量不均衡势力相互妥协的产物不可避免地有各种缺点和不足。
比如期限过短，限额过低等。
而且，随着国际经贸的发展，海牙规则的部份内容已落后，不适应新的需要。
对其修改已成为种必然趋势。
这样，从60年代开始，国际海事委员会着手修改海牙规则，于1968年2月通过了《关于修订统一提单若干法律规定的国际公约的协定书》，简称《海牙—维斯比规则》，并于1977年6月生效，这就是维斯比规则。
1978年3月6日至31日在德国汉堡举行由联合国主持的由78国代表参加的海上货物运输大会又通过了《汉堡规则》，即联合国海上货物运输公约（United Nations Conventiononthe Carriage of GoodsbySea，1978），于1992年11月1日生效，进一步完善了海上货物运输规则。
罗马国际公约全文罗马国际公约全文：第一章总则第一条宗旨与作用为预防并惩治在国际冲突中犯罪性侵害人类的战争罪，特别是侵犯的性质具有特别严重性的那些罪，建立一座非临时的国际刑事法庭（下称国际刑事法庭），在不排除国际刑事法院第二章附加条款（本公约第8-26条）及第三章相关规定的范围内。
国际刑事法庭应负责经认定为在它管辖范围内犯有这些犯罪行为的个人追究刑事责任并对其进行适当处罚。
本公约的构成并不排除其他就此类行为订立的国际协议。
第二条罗马公约的适用下列情况适用罗马国际公约（下称本公约）：（一）当受指控人在2022年7月1日或之后犯下下述犯罪：即本公约规定的为国际冲突或非国际冲突且在执法管辖国领土内至少持续一年的武装冲突期间管辖范围内的罪行；（二）当该人在联合国安全理事会依据第13条7款或8款所授权的行动中被设定为对象；（三）当该人与本公约所涉罪行有关并且由一个国家依其本国法律的规定请求该人的国际刑事法院的司法协助；或者（四）当依据国际社会的普遍承认的原则，该人犯有危及国际共同共治的罪行。
第二章罪和管辖第三条管辖依据本公约，国际刑事法庭应对第五章规定的犯罪行为负责追究刑事责任，即下述四类犯罪：针对人类犯下的，即属于国际冲突中的犯罪行为及危及国际和平与安全的其他严重犯罪。
第四条犯罪行为第五条国际刑事法院的管辖第三章组织和管理国际刑事法院第六条组织和管理第七条法官第八条检察官第九条注册第四章司法程序第十条調查和搜集證據第十一条起诉第十二条审判和判决第十三条上诉和复议第五章国际刑事法庭的合作与司法协助第十四条司法协助第十五条迁移和保护证人第十六条国际刑事警察组织第十七条国际刑事法庭在联合国体系中的地位第六章自愿的捐赠第十八条自愿的捐赠第七章执行刑罚第十九条执行刑罚第八章期间、过渡和最终规定第二十条过渡规定第二十一条有关预防滥用的保障第二十二条司法制度团保障第二十三条修订本公约第二十四条解释第二十五条签署和批准第二十六条生效和参加第二十七条依据本公约实施的其他协议第二十八条附件。
(国际公约及法则)3559. The officer in charge of the engineering watch shall ensure that at all times bridge orders relating to changes in ____of operation are immediately implemented .A. ahead or asternB. fore or aftC. up or downD. speed or direction3560. Duties shall be so organized by the chief engineer officer that the first watch at the commencement of a voyage and the subsequent relieving watches are____ and otherwise fit for duty.A. well trainedB. in good luckC. in good healthD. sufficiently rested3561. An engineer officers and engine room ratings shall be aware of the serious effects of operational or accidental pollution of the marine environment and shall take all possible ____ to prevent such pollution, particularly within the framework of relevant international and port regulations.A. stepsB. proceduresC. precautionsD. programs3565. The officer in charge of the engineering watch shall continue to be responsible for machinery operations, ____the presence of the chief engineer in the machinery space.A. as long asB. unlessC. despiteD. till3566. The officer in charge of the engineering ____ the watch to the reliving officer if there is reason to believe that the latter is obviously not capable of carrying out the watch-keeping duties effectively.A. shall take overB. shall no I take overC. shall hand overD. shall not hand over3567. Changes in direction or speed of the main propulsion units shall be recorded, ____ an Administration has determined that the size or characteristics of a particular ship make such recording impracticable.A. in addition toB. in addition thatC. except forD. except where3568. "In times of heavy weather, it is extremely dangerous if manning is very short." This sentence means____.A. In times of heavy weather, it is extremely dangerous if a seaman is not enough tanB. In times of heavy weather, it is extremely dangerous if a crew is very shortC. In case o bad weather, it is particularly dangerous if there is a shortage in personnelD. In case of bad weather, it is particularly dangerous if there are enough personnel3569. ____is considered to be one of the detain able deficiencies under the STCW Convention.A. Absence, substantial deterioration or failure of proper operation of the cargo deck area fire protection ontanker.B. Absence, noncompliance or serious deterioration of lights, shapes or sound signalC. Absence or failure of proper operation of the radio equipment for distress and safety communicationD. Absence in a watch of a person qualified to operate equipment essential to safe navigation, safety radiocommunications or the prevention of marine pollution.3572. When deciding the composition of the engineering watch, which may include appropriately____, many factors shall be taken into account.A. satisfied engineersB. qualified ratingsC. satisfied chief engineerD. qualified chief engineer3576. The officer in charge of the engineering watch shall notify the chief engineer without delay____.A. in any emergency or if in any doubt as to what decision or measures to takeB. in the event of any impending action in machinery spaces that may cause reduction in ship's speedC. when isolating and bypassing machinery to be worked onD. co-operating with any engineer in charge of maintenance work3579. One of the major features of the STCW 95 is the adoption of a new STCW Code, to which many ____ have been transferred.A. safety regulationsB. technical regulationsC. minimum requirementsD. standard requirements3584. At an unsheltered anchorage the chief engineer officer shall consult with the master whether or not to maintain an underway watch. "An underway watch" means____.A. a watch which is kept with lower standardB. a watch which is kept when the ship isn't sailingC. a watch which is kept when the ship is sailingD. a watch which is kept when the ship is in a restricted visibility area3586. According to the international regulations concerning the prevention of pollution of sea areas from ships, the disposal into the sea of all plastics is ____.A. welcomeB. admitted in some special sea areasC. prohibitedD. acceptable3588. A shipboard oil pollution emergency plan is required of____.A. all vessels, regardless of size and commercial applicationB, any barge or other ship which is constructed or operated in such a manner that no oil in any form can be carried aboardC, an oil tanker of 150 gross tons or above, or other ship of 400 gross tons or aboveD. an oil tanker of 400 gross tons and above , or other ship of 150 gross tons and above3589. Under the regulations implementing MARPOL, a mobile offshore drilling unit is required to have an International Oil Pollution Prevention (IOPP) certificate when the unit____.A. is drilling on the Outer Continental ShelfB. moves to a new drilling location in U. S. watersC, engages in a voyage to a port of another country which is a party of MARPOLD. all of the above3594. In cleaning up an oil spill, the use of chemical agents would____.A. absorb the. oil for easy removalB. remove the oil from the waterC. disperse or dissolve the oil in the waterD. not affect the oil3599. Which of the following liquids can ordinarily be discharged overboard without being processed through an oily water separator?A. Cargo tank ballastB. Segregated ballast.C. Engine room bilgesD. Cargo pump room bilges.3600. An International Oil Pollution Prevention Certificate (IOPP) for a "new" vessel ceases to be valid if____.A. it exceeds 3 years tom date of issueB. an alteration approved by the Captain of the Port is madeC. an intermediate survey has not be conducted within 12 months from the date that the IOPP was issuedD. the vessel is transferred to the flag of another country3602. Annex IV of MARPOL 73/ 78 contains regulations fur the prevention of____.A. pollution by oilB. pollution by noxious liquid substances carried in bulkC. pollution by sewage from shipsD. pollution by garbage from ships3607. International Code for the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Liquefied Gases in Bulk (IGG Code) is a part of____..A. SOLASB. MARPOLC. STCWD. Ballast Water convention3611. The pollution prevention regulations state that slop oil and sludge that result as part of normal fueling operations should be disposed of by ____.A. discharging ashore into the sewer systemB. sealing in disposable plastic barrels aboard shipC. discharging into a shore tank or slop bargeD. dumping into the ship's bunker tanks3616. The International Sewage Pollution Prevention Certificate (ISPP) is issued to____.A. ships of above 200 GT to MARPOLB. every ship of 400 GT and aboveC. all shipsD. ships of more than 200 GT but less 400 GT3617. The International Air Pollution Prevention Certificate (IAPP) is issued to____.A. ships of above 200 GT to MARPOLB. every ship of 400 GT and aboveC. all shipsD. ships of more than 200 GT but less 400 GT3619. The Master should call ____ for permission to use chemical agents in response to oil pollution into sea.A. the flag stateB. the coastal stateC. the port stateD. the shipping company3620. It is necessary for the ship to contact ____ for authorization prior to undertaking mitigating actions in an oil pollution incident.A. the port stateB. the shipping companyC. the coastal state.D. the flag state3623. Ships do not permitted to the TBT paint after 2008. It is required by____.A. the International Convention for the Safety of the life at SeaB. the International Convention for the Prevention from shipsC. the Interactional Convention on control of harmful anti-fouling system on shipsD. the International Convention for the Control and Management of Ship's Ballast Water and Sediments 3624. Engine parameters shall be corresponded to NOx Technical Files. This is required by____.A. MARPOL Annex IIIB. MARPOL Annex VIC. MARPOL Annex VD. MARPOL Annex IV3627. According to Annex I of MARPOL 73/ 78, oily waste from cargo tanks of oil tankers can be discharged when the ship is more than____-away from the nearest land.A. 50 nautical milesB. 30 nautical milesC. 15 nautical milesD. 12 nautical miles3628. According to Annex I of MARPOL 73/ 78, the instantaneous discharging rate of the oily waste from cargo tanks of oil tankers must be lower than____.A. 30 liters per nautical mileB. 15 liters per nautical mileC. 30 ppmD. 15 ppm3629. According to Annex I of MARPOL 73/ 78, the discharging oil content of the machinery space bilges must be lower than____.A. 30 liters per nautical mileB. 15 liters per nautical mileC. 30 ppmD. 15 ppm3630. According to Annex IV of MARPOL 73/ 78 , comminuted and disinfected sewage using an approved system can be discharged when the ship is more than____ away from the nearest land.A.3 n mileB.5 n mileC.12 n mileD.25 n mile3631. According to Annex V of MARPOL 73/ 78, the dunnage, lining and packing materials which will float can be discharged when the ship is more than ____ away from the nearest land.A.3 n mileB.5 n mileC.12 n mileD.25 n mile3632. The latest annex of MARPOL 73/ 78 is about____.A. the Prevention of Pollution by OilB. the Prevention of Pollution by Noxious Liquid Substances in BulkC. prevention of Pollution by Garbage from ShipsD. prevention of Air Pollution from Ships3633. Administrations should bear in mind the significance of____ in maintaining safety of life and property at sea and in preventing marine pollution.A. advanced nautical equipmentB. advanced performance main enginesC. emergency equipmentD. communication and language skills3642. SOLAS regulations require that the inert gas system shall be capable of delivering inert gas with an oxygen content of not more than what percentage?A.5%B.8%C.6%D. 3%3643. In PRC, the administration for implementing SOLAS convention is____.A. the harbor bureauB. the government of the flag state .C. the ship classification societyD. ship company .3645. According to the SOLAS convention, the bilge water system ____.A. must connect the bilge well suction directlyB. should not pump out the water accumulated in the cargosC. should not used for emergency drain age in case of ship collisionD. should connect to the fire fighting system directly3648. A Convention about safety of life at sea was adopted in 1974 which included a new amendment procedure, according to which an amendment shall enter into force____.A. after being accepted by more than two thirds of the PartiesB. after being accepted by more than half of the PartiesC. within a specified period of time with no objectionsD. within a specified period of time with no exceptions3649. According to SOL AS, 1974 , as amended, the ship-owner or any person who has assumed responsibility for the ship (the "Company".) must____.A. establish SMS in accordance with ISMB. establish ISM inocordance with SMSC. establish ISM and SMSD. both B and C3650. To proceed to the assistance of a ship in distress is____.A. an obligation fur masters of passing by shipsB. optional for masters of passing by ships when the weather is fineC. prohibited by the Convention SOLAS, 1974, as amendedD. prohibited by the convention STCW 78/ 953651. We generally take the convention of safety of life at sea adopted in 1974 as a completely new convention , the reason is ____.A. it included the amendments agreed up until that dateB. it included none of the amendment agreed up until that dateC. it required two thirds of the Parties' acceptance for an amendment to enter into forceD. it included a tacit acceptance procedure3669. Under the terms of ISPS Code, shipping companies are required to designate a Company Security officer for the Company and a ____for each of its ships.A. Ship Security OfficerB. Designated Person Ashore C, Internal Auditor D. Patrol Team 3675. If a ship is required. by the Administration to set, or is already at a higher security level than that set for the port it intends to enter or in which it is already located, then the ship shall advise without delay, the ____of the Contracting Government within whose territory the port facility is located and the port facility security officer of the situation,A. competent authorityB. CSOC. PSGOD. Master3676. The ISPS Code consists of a mandatory section-Part-A, which shows____.A. the detailed security-related requirementsB. guidelines to meet security-related requirementsC. the detailed security-related requirements and the guidelines to meet themD. how to run a shipping company considering the potential terrorism action .3677. According to the ISPS Code, for a sailing ship, the following except ____ should be onboard.A, a ship security plan B. a ship security officerC. a company security officerD. certain onboard equipments3678. In order to communicate the threat at a port facility or for a ship, the Contracting Government will set the appropriate security levels. Security level 1 corresponds to ____.A. normal situationsB. medium situationsC. high threat situationsD. special situations 3679. New adopted regulation of SOLAS says the master shall____ when maintaining the security of the ship.A. take actions by he company's order.B. take actions by the ship owner’s order .C. exercise his professional judgmentD. exercise his professional judgment but be constrained by the company3680. When the ship security alert system is activated, it shall not____.A. initiate a ship-to-shore security alertB. transmit a ship-to-shore security alertC. initiate an alert identifying the ship, its locationD. raise a security alarm on-board the ship indicating. that the ship is under threat3681. The company should establish procedures to ensure that the ship is maintained ____the provisions of the relevant rules and regulations.A. out of accordance withB. in relation toC. in conformity withD. in connection with 3682. The SMS should provide for specific measures aimed at promoting the ____ of equipment or systems the sudden operational failure of which may result in hazardous situations.A. visibilityB. abilityC. reliabilityD. capability3685. The purpose of the ISM Code is to provide ____ standard for the safe management and operation of ships and for pollution prevention.A. a regionalB. the bestC. an internationalD. an ideal3687. Safety-management objectives of the Company should establish safeguards ____all identified risks.A. withB. withoutC. againstD. above3688, The results of the audits and reviews____ to the attention of all personnel having responsibility in the area involved.A. should bringB. should be broughtC. should takeD. should be taken3689. The Company should ensure that the ship's personnel are able to____ effectively in the execution of their duties related to the SMS.A. communicateB. verifyC. auditD. evaluate3691. The Company shonld ensure that the master is fully____with the Company's SMS.A. familiarB. understandC. conversationD. confused3692. The Company should ensure that ____documents are prompt lyre moved.A. absoluteB. updatedC. outdatedD. nel3693. The SMS should provide for ____ensuring that the Company's organization can respond at any time to hazards accidents and emergency situation involving its ships.A. programsB. progressC. membersD. measures 3695. To ensure the safe operation of each ship and to provide a link between the Company and those on board, every Company, as appropriate, should designate a person or persons ashore having direct ____ to the highest level of management.A. spaceB. distanceC. visibilityD. access3696. The Company should ensure that ____ documents are promptly removed.A. absoluteB. obsoleteC. updatedD. new3697. The Company should ensure that ____ involved in the Company' 8 SMS have an adequate understanding of relevant rules, regulations, codes and guidelines.A, masters B. chief engineers C. crew D. personnel3698. The SMS should provide for specific measures aimed at promoting the reliability of equipment or systems ____ may result in hazardous situations.A. which the sudden operational failureB. that the sudden operational failureC. the sudden operational failureD. the sudden operational failure of which3700. The person in the phrase "to designate a person or persons ashore having direct access to the highest level of management refers to____.A. the manager of the shipping companyB. the master of, the shipC. the designated person on board shipD. the designated person ashore3703. The ship should be operated by a company which is issued with a (an) ____ relevant to ship.A. ISMB. DOCC. SMCD. PSG3704. A (An) ____ should. be issued for every company complying with the requirement of the ISM Code by the Administration.A. ISMB. DOCC. SMCD. PSC3705. A certificate, called a (an) ____ should be issued to a ship by the Administration.A. ISMB. DOGC. SMCD. PSC3706. According to the functional requirements for a Safety Management System, every company should develop, ____and ____ a SMSA. implement verifyB. maintain; improveC. implement; maintainD. review; access 3708. International Management Code for the safety operation of ships and for pollution prevention is simplified as ____.A. ISM CodeB. SOLAS 74 ConventionC. Stay Management SystemD. MARPOL Convention 3710. In the ISM code, "company" doesn't mean____.A. the ship ownerB. the manager or bare boat chartererC. a person assuming the responsibility for ship operationD. a business enterprise dealing with freight 714. The International Management Code for the safety operation of ships and for Pollution Prevention is referred to as ____.A. ISM codeB. IOPP codeC. IMS codeD. ISPS code3715. Which of the following about ISM Code is not right?.A. It aims to ensure safety at seaB. It aims to avoid damage to the environment.C. It aims to prevent human injury or loss of life. D, It aims to provide a method to run a company. 3716. Which kind of vessel is not required to comply with the ISM code until 2002?A. Passenger ships and high-speed crafts of 500 gross tons or more.B. Oil tankers and Chemical tankers and Gas carriers.C. Bulk freight vessels.D. General ' cargo vessels.3717. Which of the following is false? ____.A. A company should develop a SMS and implement itB. A company implementing a SMS properly may obtain a DOCC. Once a company obtains its DOC, each vessel of this company will obtain a SMCD. DOC is valid for 60 months unless "major non-conformity" is found3718. Which of the following is true? ____.A. A company should develop an ISM and implement itB. A company implementing an ISM properly may obtain a DOCC. Once a company obtains its DOC, each vessel of this company will obtain a SMCD. DOC is valid for 60 months unless "major non-conformity" is found.3724. Oil Record Book Part I shall be provided to____.A. every oil tankerB. every ship of 400 tons gross tonnage and aboveC. A and BD. neither A nor B3725. Which of the following is NOT on the list items to be recorded in Oil Record Book Part I (machinery space operation) ?A. Accidental discharge of oil.B. Disposal of oil residues.C. Quantity of water produced by F. W. G.D. Discharge of. dirty, ballast or cleaning water from fuel oil tanks.3726. When making entries in the Oil Record Book, the date, operational code and item number shall be inserted in the appropriate columns and the required particulars shall be recorded ____in the blank spaces.A. periodicallyB. occasionallyC. chronologicallyD. additionally3727. ____shall be provided to every oil tanker of 150 tons gross tonnage and above to record relevant machinery space and cargo/ ballast operations.A. Record Book Part IB. Oil Record Book Part IIC. Oil Record Book Par! I or Part IID. Oil Record Book Part I and Part II3728. The core item in the Oil Record Book Part I is____ and its main content is____.A. item A/ ballast or cleaning of fuel oil tanksB. item B/ discharge o. f dirty ballast or cleaning water from fuel oil tanks referred to under section (a)C. item C/ disposal of oil residues (sludge)D. item H/ bunkering of fuel oils3729. Which of the following operations need NOT to be entered on the Oil Record Book Part 1? I Routine discharge at sea of bilge water containing oil from the machinery spaces through strainers; II Bunkering of fuel oilA. I OnlyB. II onlyC. both I and IID. neither I nor II3733. Oil Record Book Part I shall be provided to every oil tanker of 150 tons gross tonnage and above and every ship of 400 tons gross tonnage and above, ____oil tankers, to record relevant machinery space operations.A. a swell asB. as long asC. rather thanD. other than3735. A vessel is required to carry an Oil Record Book Part I to log entries in the book regarding the____.A. disc barge of ballast or cleaning water from fuel tanksB. sounding levels of all fuel tanks on a daily basisC. grade and specific gravity of all fuel oil cardedD. fuel consumption rates on a weekly basis3736. Which of the following machinery space operations is required to be logged in the Oil Record Book?A. Ballasting or cleaning of fuel oil tanks.'B. Shifting suction of main fuel pump to reserve fuel oil tank.C. Changing out sprayer plates to adjust for steam demand.D. Daily inspection of engine room bilges..3737. Which of the following operations aboard a tanker must be recorded in the Oil Record Book____.A. any internal transfer of oil cargo during a voyageB. the discharge overboard in port or at sea of any bilge water accumulated in machinery spacesC. the loading or unloading of any or all oil cargoD. all of the above3739. When making entries in the Oil Record Book, the date , operational code , and item number shall be inserted in the appropriate columns. Furthermore, the required particulars shall be____.A. recorded only for accidental oil dischargesB. recorded only. for operations involving discharge of oily wasteC. signed by the oiler who enters them in the Oil Record' BookD. recorded chronologically in the blank space3741. In the Oil Record Book, a comprehensive list of operational items is grouped into operational sections. Each section is codified by a/ an ____.A. numberB. abbreviationC. letterD. all of the above3743. The sections of an Oil Record Book proceeding the log pages contain a____.A. damage control plan for isolating fire main valvesB. list of machinery space operation itemsC. complete classification of hazardous materialsD. detailed listing of all organizations to call in the event of an accidental oil spill3744. When making entries in the Oil Record Book, all quantifies should be____.A. recorded as cubic meters with a conversion to barrelsB. verified by the Chief EngineerC. recorded directly from the oil discharge mom. TorD. consistently recorded rough the Oil Record Book in one specified unit (gallons, barrels, cubic meters)轮机英语新题1. “Offset ”is an inherent characteristic of which of the follow types of control modes?A. Tow positionB. ProportionalC. ResetD. Rate2. Which of the following definitions can be used to define the term “Offset ”as a characteristic of controller action ?A. The period of time in which the set point and the control point coincide.B. The periodic change between the set point and the control point.C. The variable difference between the set point and the control point.D. The constant difference between the set point and the control point.3. The control mode where the position of the final control element has a linear relationship with the position or value of the controlled variables known as ____.A two position controlB proportion controlC reset controlD rate control4. The ratio of output response to specified change in the input is known as ____.A primary feedbackB deviationC sensitivityD dead band5. The steady state difference between the control point and the value of the controlled variable, corresponding with the set point, is known as ____.A dead handB control pointC deviationD offset6. The quantity or condition which is measured and controlled is known as the ____.A controlled variableB manipulated variableC set pointD control point7. The value of the controlled variable, which under any fixed set of conditions the automatic controller operates to maintain, is known as____.A set pointB control pointC deviationD offset8. In an automation system, the effect of a control action sensed by a controller is known as ____.A reset actionB proportional actionC two position actionD rate action9. In a pneumatic system, a unit producing a signal to govern the position of the controller of the measured variable, relative to the____ .A reset actionB proportional actionC two position actionD rate action10. Restrictions occurring in the small orifices of pneumatic control system components can be caused by____.A moisture in the compressed air supplyB excessive dryness in the compressed air supplyC pressure surging in the compressed air receiverD insufficient lubrication of the system components11. The two most common gases used in pneumatic system are _____A compressed air and nitrogenB helium and nitrogenC oxygen and hydrogenD oxygen and acetylene12. The meat box temperature control circuit, as used in ship service refrigeration system, is an example of ____.A two position controlB signal speed floating controlC proportional speed floating controlD reset control13. The mode of control employed by an alarm circuit is a ____.A two position controlB signal speed floating controlC proportional speed floating controlD reset control14. The seven segment arrangement for numerical display on controls, test meters and other applications can be either ___.A UJT or BJTB BCD or OCDC JFET or IGFETD LED or LCD15. Main engine room control console alarms are to be of the self monitoring type, meaning that an open circuit to particular alarm circuit will ____.A cause an alarm conditionB secure power to the indicatorC secure power to the monitored deviceD automatically reclose within 10 sections16. The _____ belongs to the anchor handling equipment.A cable stopperB winch barrelC slewing rimD warping drum17. Winch gears must be maintained in proper alignment to prevent ____.A overheating of the lube oilB over-speeding of the motorC wear on the braking systemD damage to the teech18. The principal purpose of an anchor windlass chain stopper is to ___.A tie off the warping head linesB absorb the brake thrust of the anchor windlassC hold the anchor chain while riding at anchorD lock the intermediate clutch shaft to the wildcat19. The device used to store a charged pressure for a hydraulic starting system is called the ___.A reservoirB hand pumpC acceleratorD accumulator20. The purpose of an accumulator in hydraulic system is to___.A collect any dirt in the systemB collect fluid from any small leakC preheat the fluid during cold weatherD store potential energy in the form of hydraulic fluid under pressure in the system21. One function provided by a hydraulic systems aboard ship: is used to store hydraulic oil. Another function is to ____.A provide an area where air can separate from the oilB provide an area to separate solid contaminations from oilC act as an oil and water separatorD eliminate pressure surges in the system22. The hydraulic oil most likely to thin out when hot and thick when cold would have a viscosity index of____.A 20B 40C 60D 8023. In a flash evaporator, scale as a result of higher than normal temperature is most likely to occur in the _____.A second stage feed heaterB saltwater feed heaterC distillate coolerD second stage vapor separator24. If fuel oil were being discharged from the waste outlet of a fuel oil disk type centrifuge, operated as separator, you should ____.A remove the discharge ringB re-prime the purifierC the centrifuge to its proper speedD install an additional discharge ring25. The sludge tank installed in the diesel engine room is used to collect____.Ⅰ sludge from the fuel oil settling tanks and centrifugesⅡ water that has been collected in the setting tankA ⅠonlyB Ⅱ onlyC both Ⅰand ⅡD neither Ⅰor Ⅱ26. To add refrigerant to the high side if an air conditioning system, you should introduce the refrigerant through the ___.A discharge service valve as a vaporB suction service valve as a liquid。
