李观仪《新编英语教程(修订版)》学习指南-Unit 10【圣才出品】

新编英语教程（第三版）第一册
Unit 10 If I Had the Chance to Travel in Space
Lead-In
LSP
Dialogue
Role Play
Reading
Exercises
Preparatory Questions
1. containing real conditions: 1) What will you/he/she do if it rains/is fine tomorrow? 2) What will you/he/she do if your/his/her tape-recorder is out of order? 3) Where will you go if you lose/pick up something? 4) Who (m) will you ask for help if you meet with difficulties/get into trouble/want to buy a camera/(or under any other condition)?
Lead-In
LSP
Dialogue
Role Play
Reading
Exercises
he’ll come to see us next week
He’ll probably discuss the problem with us
she’ll invite us to the party Ted’ll win the prize
新编英语教程（第三版）第一册
Unit 10 If I Had the Chance to Travel in Space
Lead-In

Unit 1 恰到好处Have you ever watched a clumsy man hammering a nail into a box? He hits it first to one side, then to another, perhaps knocking it over completely, so that in the end he only gets half of it into the wood. A skillful carpenter, on the other hand, will drive the nail with a few firm, deft blows, hitting it each time squarely on the head. So with language; the good craftsman will choose words that drive home his point firmly and exactly. A word that is more or less right, a loose phrase, an ambiguous expression, a vague adjective （模糊的形容词）, will not satisfy a writer who aims at clean English. He will try always to get the word that is completely right for his purpose.你见过一个笨手笨脚的男人往箱子上钉钉子吗？只见他左敲敲，右敲敲，说不准还会将整个钉子锤翻，结果敲来敲去到头来只敲进了半截。

而娴熟的木匠就不这么干。

他每敲一下都会坚实巧妙地正对着钉头落下去，一钉到底。

语言也是如此。

一位优秀的艺术家谴词造句上力求准确而有力地表达自己的观点。

新编英语教程1～6李观仪第3版教材下载及学习指南李观仪《新编英语教程（1～6）》（第3版）全套资料【教材＋学习指南】目录•李观仪《新编英语教程（1）》（第3版）学习指南【词汇短语＋课文精解＋全文翻译＋练习答案】•李观仪《新编英语教程（1）》（第3版）教材（上海外语教育出版社）•李观仪《新编英语教程（2）》（第3版）学习指南【词汇短语＋课文精解＋全文翻译＋练习答案】•李观仪《新编英语教程（2）》（第3版）教材（上海外语教育出版社）•李观仪《新编英语教程（3）》（第3版）学习指南【词汇短语＋课文精解＋全文翻译＋练习答案】•李观仪《新编英语教程（3）》（第3版）教材（上海外语教育出版社）•李观仪《新编英语教程（4）》（第3版）学习指南【词汇短语＋课文精解＋全文翻译＋练习答案】•李观仪《新编英语教程（4）》（第3版）教材（上海外语教育出版社）•李观仪《新编英语教程（5）》（第3版）学习指南【词汇短语＋课文精解＋全文翻译＋练习答案】•李观仪《新编英语教程（5）》（第3版）教材（上海外语教育出版社）第6册•李观仪《新编英语教程（6）》（第3版）学习指南【词汇短语＋课文精解＋全文翻译＋练习答案】•李观仪《新编英语教程（6）》（第3版）教材（上海外语教育出版社）•试看部分内容Unit 1一、单元语法本单元主要涉及一般现在时、现在完成时、一般过去时和一般将来时的被动语态。

被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，由“助动词be＋过去分词”构成，表达“被、受、由”之意。

一般用于以下几种情况：（1）不知道谁是动作的执行者I t i s f o u n d t h a t T o m w a s m u r d e r e d.有人发现汤姆被谋杀了。

（2）没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者Fresh fruit is so ld in this marke t.这个市场出售新鲜水果。

（3）强调动作的承受者“A Tale of Two Citie s”was written b y Dicken s.《双城记》的作者是狄更斯。

李观仪《新编英语教程（1）》第3版学习指南【词汇短语+课⽂精解+全⽂翻译+练习答案】（Unit5）李观仪《新编英语教程（1）》第3版学习指南【词汇短语＋课⽂精解＋全⽂翻译＋练习答案】Unit5⼀、词汇短语Text I1.savant[]n.a person having great knowledge of some subject学者，专家，博学之⼠2.corollary[]n.something,such as statement or course ofaction,that naturally follows from something else必然的结果：Goodhealth is a corollary of having good habits.健康的⾝体是良好⽣活习惯的结果。

3.shoddy[]adj.made or done cheaply and badly劣等的，次品的：I alwayscomplain about bad service or shoddy goods.我时时抱怨服务不周、商品低劣。

4.postpone[]v.to delay;move to some later time推迟，使延期：It was sensible of her to postpone the trip.她推迟旅⾏是明智的。

【扩展】近义词：delay v.耽误，推迟5.decent[]adj.a)good enough体⾯的：decent job体⾯的⼯作；b)adequate⾜够的：a decent salary⾜够的薪资6.interval[]n.a period of time between events,activities etc.间隔，间歇：In between parts of a play,there is often an interval.在⼀出剧的两部分中间，常有幕间休息。

4. superscript [5sju:pEskript] adj. written or printed just above a word, figure, or symbol上角标的(写或印在字、数字或符号上面的)；标在上方 的 n. 上标
34. cardboard [5kB:dbC:d] n. thick, stiff paper that is used, for example, to make boxes and models 硬纸板
35. bitterly [5bitEli] adj. very; violently 强烈地；非常 bitterly upset 极其难 过
24. perverse [pE(:)5vE:s] adj. Directed away from what is right or good; perverted. (行为)任性的，蛮不讲理的 e.g. She was perversely pleased to be causing trouble. 她制造麻烦，还乐在其中，真是反常。
14. long since—long ago很久以前
15. cease [si:s] v. come or bring (sth.) to an end; stop停止，中止
16. at some length—in some detail详细地
17. melancholy [5melEnkEli] adj. very sad; depressed悲哀的；沮丧的； n. 忧郁；悲哀；愁思(sadness , doldrums)e.g. Melancholy is the preponderant mood of the poem. 忧郁的感情是该诗的基调。
的，专注的；e.g. She looked from one intent face to another. 她看着一张 张专注的面孔。 adj. 坚决的；e.g. The rebels are obviously intent on keeping up the pressure.反叛分子显然决心继续施加压力。 n. 意图，目 的；But it is our intent that they learn something. 但是我们的目的就是让他 们学到东西。

李观仪《新编英语教程（5）》（第3版）学习指南【词汇短语＋课文精解＋全文翻译＋练习答案】目录Unit 1　一、词汇短语　二、参考译文　三、课文注释　四、练习答案Unit 2　一、词汇短语　二、参考译文　三、课文注释　四、练习答案Unit 3　一、词汇短语　二、参考译文　三、课文注释　四、练习答案Unit 4　一、词汇短语　二、参考译文　三、课文注释　四、练习答案Unit 5　一、词汇短语　二、参考译文　三、课文注释　四、练习答案Unit 6　一、词汇短语　二、参考译文　三、课文注释　四、练习答案Unit 7　一、词汇短语　二、参考译文　三、课文注释　四、练习答案Unit 8　一、词汇短语　二、参考译文　三、课文注释　四、练习答案Unit 9　一、词汇短语　二、参考译文　三、课文注释　四、练习答案Unit 10　一、词汇短语　二、参考译文　三、课文注释　四、练习答案Unit 11　一、词汇短语　二、参考译文　三、课文注释　四、练习答案Unit 12　一、词汇短语　二、参考译文　三、课文注释　四、练习答案弘博学习网————各类考试资料全收录内容简介《新编英语教程（第3版）学习指南》按照原教材的课次进行编写，每单元涉及单元语法、词汇短语、参考译文、课文精解以及练习答案等内容，旨在帮助学生更好、更高效地学习和掌握教材中的重点及难点知识，具有很强的针对性和实用性。

在编写过程中，该书力求突出重点，答疑难点，语言言简意赅，讲解深入浅出，希望它能得到广大英语专业学生和英语自学者的喜爱和认可。

弘博学习网————各类考试资料全收录Unit 1一、词汇短语Text I1clumsy [5klQmzi] adj. moving or doing things in a very awkward way 笨拙的，拙劣的：I spilt your coffee. Sorry—that was clumsy of me.我把你的咖啡弄洒了。

Dear Meili, We would like to have you join us, as we know you are one of the
classical music lovers. Hoping to see you on Saturday. Symphony No. 9 by Beethoven will be on the program. We are going to have a music appreciation evening in our classroom this
1 The name of the person to be introduced. 2 His/Her identity 3 The purpose of the introduction 4 Appreciation
Note-writing: An Introduction
The following sentences go together to form a note of introduction, but they are in the wrong order. Work in groups of two or three, put them right. 1 June, 2012
1 The name of the person to be introduced. 2 His/Her identity 3 The purpose of the introduction 4 Appreciation
Note-writing: An Introduction
Ⅰ. Discuss in groups of two or three the cues given below and then write a note of introduction. 16 October, 2012 // Mr. Wang // Liu Li / English literature student // paper / modern English literature // appreciate / help / locate / reference books / need / badly // thank // Liang Beijun

Unit 6一、词汇短语Text I1. schizophrenia[ ]n. a serious mental illness in whichsomeone’s thoughts and feelings are not based on what is reallyhappening around them [内科] 精神分裂症e.g.It also found significantevidence of association with variation on chromosomes 11 and 18 thatcould help account for the thinking and memory deficits of schizophrenia.在11号和18号染色体上，我们发现重大的与变异有关的证据,它能帮助说明精神分裂症思维和记忆缺陷。

2. stigmatize[ ]vt. If someone or something is stigmatized, theyare unfairly regarded by many people as being bad or having somethingto be ashamed of. 侮辱e.g.：Children in single-parent families must notbe stigmatized.单亲家庭的孩子不应该受到侮辱。

【拓展】adj. stigmatic 有烙印的；丑恶的；不名誉的；n. stigma [植] 柱头；耻辱；污名；烙印；特征stigmatization 描绘；陈述4. inferior[ ] adj. not good, or not as good as someone or somethingelse下级的，下等的n. sb who has a lower position or rank than you in anorganization 下级，地位低的人It was a gentleman’s duty always to becivil, even to his inferiors.一个绅士的责任是一直保持彬彬有礼，即使是对比自己地位低的人。

三、参考译文对话黄山之旅A:我听说你暑假期间去了黄山，这次旅行如何？B:哦，这真是一次美好的经历啊！如果你还从没去过黄山，真应该找个时间亲自去看看，或许和一帮朋友一起去。

A:如果有机会，近期我一定会找个时间去的。

黄山我听得太多了，你认为什么时候去那儿最佳？B:嗯，夏季那儿很拥挤。

你知道，夏天对登山胜地来说一向是最繁忙的旅游旺季。

冬天那儿又太冷，再说，学校上课期间，我们也抽不出时间。

所以我可以很肯定地说，对大学生来说去黄山的最佳时间是放暑假的头几天。

A:我明白了。

到那儿要多长时间？B:那得看你怎么去。

如果乘飞机去，不包括往返机场路上花的时间，一个小时就够了。

你也可以乘大巴去，花的时间要长一些，也没那么舒服，但有失必有得，你可以欣赏乡村美妙的景色。

在大巴上，你可以享受和朋友在一起的时光，还可以省下相当一笔钱。

再说，长途汽车可以直接把你送到山脚下，如果你愿意，还可以载你上半山腰。

A:那我还是乘大巴去吧。

从上海乘大巴到那儿要多长时间呢？B:乘大巴单程要八个小时，取决于一路上的天气和交通状況。

A:哇，要花八个小时在路上！B:而且当你快到那儿时，道路狭窄蜿蜒。

这多少有些烦人，但也相当刺激，你务必得找个车技娴熟又仔细的司机。

A:一路上大巴会停下来休息吗？这样你好舒展一下腿脚、去趟洗手向或是吃点美味点心，我无法想象开八个小时不停歇。

B:哦，是的，当然。

虽说大巴后部有个厕所，每两三个小时它还是会停下来让你放松一下并且吃个饭。

A:听上去很不错嘛。

顺便问一下，我听说黄山以云海、松树和奇石而闻名。

我们在那儿时，有没有露营、攀岩、绳索下降等探险活动可以参加？你能告诉我什么时候是看云海的最佳时间，我在哪里能看到著名的松树和奇特的怪石吗？我想我们都应该带好照相机记录下这美丽的景色，保存和朋友在一起时的珍贵回忆。

B:呃，一旦你下定决心要去，我会告诉你所有细节的。

A:你觉得我是自己安排旅行日程呢，还是预订旅行社的包团旅行好呢？B:各有利弊。

新编英语教程4(李观仪)-练习册汉译英1-10单元 Unit 11.每当他午夜下班回家，他总是蹑手蹑脚地上楼，以免吵醒邻居。

Every time he returned home from work at midnight, he would tiptoe upstairs, trying not to disturb his neighbours.2.为了与新来的邻居建立一种和睦的关系，格林先生不失时机地主动帮她把行李搬进屋子。

To establish some kind of rapport with his new neighbour, Mr. Jones lost no chance in offering to carry her luggage into the house.3.米勒博士向我们推荐的文章集中论述了空气污染问题，同时也提到了诸如水污染，噪音污染和视觉污染等问题。

The article recommended by Dr. Miller centres on the problem of air pollution;meanwhile, it touches upon other issues such as water pollution, noise pollution and visual pollution.4.要不是她的朋友时常鼓励她、帮助她，她将一事无成。

If it had not been for the constant encouragement and help from her friends, she couldn’t have accomplished anything.5.几天前他还对这项计划嗤之以鼻，可是他现在却以高涨的热情去努力落实这项计划，这真是令人难以理解的转变。

It was only a few days ago that he was full of contempt for the new project, but he is now working hard with zest for its realization. What a baffling change!6.从她的自传可以断定，她对那名钢琴师始终怀有着一种复杂的感情。

Future Shock
The book is about what is happening today to people and groups who are overwhelmed by change. Change affects our products, communities, organizers, even our patterns of friendship and love. Future Shock vividly describes the emerging global civilization: tomorrow’s family life, the rise of new business, subcultures, life-styles, and human relationships—all of them are temporary.
His early work focused on technology and its impact. Then he moved to examining the reaction of and changes in society. His later focus has been on the increasing power of 21st century military hardware, weapons and technology proliferation and capitalism.


Alvin Toffler



For more than four decades, Alvin Toffler has been one of the world’s most prescient(预见的）, insightful and influential voices in business and intellectual life. With the publication of his seminal work, Future Shock, Toffler created an all-new discipline (futurism) around the study of change and its impact on business and culture. Alvin Toffler has an unusual gift for defining the forces and trends that shape our future in ways that help a broad range of audiences, from companies to governments, shape their future in today’s knowledge-based economy. He understands politics, economics, and changes in technology,society and the arts as few others do.

Cultural background
About the author—Sir Winston Churchill
Winston Churchill(1874-1965), British statesman and author. Besides being one of the outstanding leaders in world history and one of the great British prime minister, Churchill was a prolific writer and an amateur painter. He received the Nobel Prize for literature in 1953. His paintings were given a retrospective one-man show in the galleries of the Royal Academy of Arts in 1958.
“its (the mind’s) convulsive grasp”, “the (old) undue grip” 2. What does the word “attended” on line 5 mean?
accompanied 3. In para.2 Churchill uses a metaphor to describe the
5. Why does Churchill classify as unfortunate those people who can command everything they want, gratify every caprice and lay their hands on almost every object of desire? Do you think Churchill’s attitude towards those people is really one of sympathy? These people are simply hopeless; nothing works to relieve them of their boredom. Churchill does not really feel sympathetic towards them. Note the phrase “avenging boredom”. He seems to think that this is what they deserve.

2003年第1期 外 国 语 总第143期 No.1, January 2003 Journal of Foreign Languages General Serial No.143 50文章编号：1004-5139（2003）01-0050-06 中图分类号：H319.3 文献标识码：A我的英语学习和教学李观仪（上海外国语大学　英语学院，上海２０００８３）　李观仪 １９２４年出生于北京。

１９４６年获上海圣约翰大学英文系英国文学学士学位，１９５１年获美国斯坦福大学英文系英国文学硕士学位，１９５６年起任教于上海外国语大学（原名上海外国语学院）至今，历任讲师、副教授、教授。

１９８１－１９８６年任教育部第一届高等学校外语专业教材编审委员会委员，兼英语专业教材编审组副组长。

１９８３－１９９３年任上海市第八、九届人民代表。

主编《新编英语教程》（１９８６－１９８８初版）第１Ａ、１Ｂ、２、３、４册，该教程于１９９２年获第二届普通高等学校优秀教材全国优秀奖。

１９９４年退休后仍然继续编写教材。

１９９４－２００１年主编《新编英语教程》第５－８册，主编《新编英语教程》修订版预备级第１－４册（该教程为国家教委普通高等教育“九五”国家级重点教材）。

主编《具有中国特色的英语教学法》（１９９５年出版）。

２００１年１２月获教育部国家级教学成果二等奖。

　一、　英语学习的经历我是小学三年级开始学英语的，从三年级到六年级都有英语课。

我上的是上海一所普通小学。

所用英语课本已记不起编者姓名、书名和出版社名称了。

那是当时多数普通学校所使用的课本。

从初中一年级到初中三年级又继续学了三年英语。

初中一、二年级用的是一般学校使用的课本。

初中三年级我记得是用的一本英文原著，名为“New China ”。

这七年的英语课堂教学应该说完全是传统的语法翻译法：老师教生词，教课文，用汉语讲解课文，用汉语分析语法。

没有会话之类的口语练习。

有时老师用英语问问课文内容。

Unit 10一、词汇短语Text I1. fuss n. needlessly nervous or useless activity.忙乱，大惊小怪e.g. The oldlady soon got into a fuss. 老妇人很快就紧张起来。

2. overpopulate v. to fill (an area) with excessivepopulation. 使(一地区)人口过剩,使人口过密e.g. The downtown is beingoverpopulated. 闹市区的人口越来越稠密了。

3. n. a situation, specially a bad or unfortunate one. 情况，状态，困境，盟誓(婚姻)4. counterpart n. one that closely resembles another. 副本，极相似的人或物，配对物5. n. unable to read and write. 文盲；adj. 不识字的，没受教育的e.g. A large percentage of the population is illiterate. 人口中文盲的比例相当高。

6. assist v. to gor supplement. 援助，帮助；通常用作assist sb. in doing sth. 或assist sb. with sth.即“帮助某人做某事”。

7. interrogate v.to examine by questioning formally orofficially. 审问，询问e.g. I interrogated everyone even slightly involved. 我审问了每个人，即便是稍有关联的人也在其中。

8. prying adj. insistently or impertinently curious or inquisitive. 窥视的，窥探的，爱打听的e.g. You are such a prying student. 你真是个爱打听的学生。

6. bludgeon [
] v. to force sb. to do sth. by making threats or
arguing with them 强 迫 某 人 做 某 事 ； 其 后 常 接 介 词 into. e.g. I won’t let
myself be bludgeoned into marriage. 我 不 想 因 为 被 催 促 而 结 婚 。 to hit
圣才电子书

十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台
Unit 8
一、词汇短语
Text I
1. multitudinous [
] adj. extremely large in number
众多的，大量的 e.g. multitudinous questions 许许多多问题。
weary of this silly war.他们对这场愚蠢的战争感到极其厌倦。
11. crouch [
] v. to lower your body close to the ground by bending
your knees completely.蜷缩, 蹲伏；常见词组： crouch down“蹲下，趴伏”。
parched the crops.热风使庄稼干透了。
Text II
1. crate [
] n. large wooden container for transporting goods(运货用的)大
贬低过她。
5. homage [
] n. special honor or respect shown or expressed publicly.
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圣才电子书 十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台

三、参考译文对话对外汉语学习A:小华，你好！B:戴维，你好，最近都好吗？A:挺好。

无论怎么说，到目前为止都还不错，B:你在中国两个月了。

你觉得中文系的对外汉语课程怎么样？A:我对汉语的兴趣与日俱增。

学习汉语的困难也同时多了起来。

汉语好难啊！它和欧洲的语言，比如英语和法语，如此不同。

B:作为英语的外语学习者，我也正在经历相似的考验。

我在拼写、发音方面都有困难，还有，信不信由你，我在号码和数字方面也遇到了苦难。

A:但是你说英语比我说汉语要好得多呢。

我希望我能像你和我说话这样和汉语是母语的人交谈。

B:你会的。

只是需要时间。

A:我知道。

“罗马城非一夕建成。

”B:汉语里有句话叫“只要功夫深，铁杵磨成针”。

A:意思是？B:意思是“滴水穿石”或者“有志者事竟成”。

对了，你觉得汉语学习最难的是什么呢？A:汉语的语法结构看起来没有我过去认为的那么难。

从很多方面来说，比大部分欧洲语言的语法结构要简单。

没有主谓一致，没有不规则动词和名词，时态标记很少，也很简单，这些仅仅是其中的一些。

B:另一方面，这些也的确是我在英语学习中遇到的主要问题的原因。

A:不过汉语的书写系统对我来说完全是新的。

它并不是简单的26个字母整齐排列，而是有好几万个由各种笔画所组成的独特的汉字。

很多字看起来都很复杂。

尽管汉字的书法具有艺术美感，到等我能认出并且写出最起码8888个汉字，我才能欣赏书法了。

我只是开玩笑的。

B:汉语听起来怎么样？A:我觉得普通话相当悦耳，有点像唱歌。

B:汉语主要是声调语言。

我不太肯定你是否在区分四声时碰到问题。

A:是啊，我碰到问题了。

汉语的声调系统确实让我很困惑。

这是我理解和发音方面困难的主要缘由。

声调系统是如此让我不安，以至于大部分时间我都不能理解我听到的话，別人也无法听懂我说的。

B:我建议你利用住在中国的优势去听听讲座，看看电影和戏剧，要去“8888次”。

你还要尽可能多地融入语言环境。

差点忘了，我有两张刚上映的故事片的电影票。

--source: Illiterate America By Alan Caruba web posted February 5, 2001
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目前全球共有约8亿文盲，主要分布在印度、中国、 印度尼西亚、巴基斯坦、巴西、尼日利亚、埃及等 国。中国文盲总数高居世界第二位，仅次于印度。 世界上每10个文盲中就有一个以上是中国人。中国 90%的文盲分布在农村，一半文盲在西部地区，文 盲中七成是女性。
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How important is literacy? some quotes
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Literacy is a bridge from misery to hope. It is a tool for daily life in modern society. It is a bulwark against poverty, and a building block of development, …… Literacy is a platform for democratization, and a vehicle for the promotion of cultural and national identity. Especially for girls and women, it is an agent of family health and nutrition. For everyone, everywhere, literacy is, along with education in general, a basic human right… Literacy is, finally, the road to human progress and the means through which every man, woman and child can realize his or her full potential.