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2020届上海市奉贤区实验中学高三英语二模试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AShopping centers，stadiums and universities may soon have a new tool to help fight crime.ACaliforniacompany called Knightscope says its robots can predict and prevent crime. Knightscope says the goal is to reduce crime by half in areas the robots guard.William Santana Li is the chief executive officer of Knightscope. He says，"These robot security guards will change the world. Our planet has more than seven billion people on it. It's going to quickly get to nine billion people. The security equipmentthat we have globally is just not going to develop that fast. The company's Autonomous Data Machines can become the eyes and ears of law enforcement（执法）.""You want them to be machines plus humans. Let. the machines do the heavy and sometimes dangerous work and let the humans do the strategic decision-making work，so it's always working all together."The machines do not carry weapons but they have day and night video cameras which are able to turn 360 degrees and can also sense chemical and biological weapons.Some people may become concerned about their privacy, especially in connection with the video recordings. Some people may worry that such recordings will appear on the Internet. Eugene Volokh, a law professor at the UCLA School of Law, says the machines have to be used in the right way and it will be interesting to see how state laws deal with this kind of video.William Santana Li says there is a long waiting list for the robots in theUS. Workers in the company are working overtime to meet the demands of the market. At least 25 other countries are also interested in these robot security guards.1. What can this new tool do for humans?A. Make strategic decisions.B. Keep watching day and night.C. Carry heavy weapons.D. Stop crime autonomously.2. Why are some people worried about the new robots?A. Their privacy may be let out.B. The robots are very expensive.C. Robots will replace humans.D. They will be out of work soon.3. Which of the following can be the best title of the text?A. Robots Are Becoming More PopularB. Robots Contribute aLotto the WorldC. Robots Are in Great Demand NowD. Security Robots Could Help Cut CrimeBAfter almost an entire year of not going shopping and vacationing, you find the numbers reflected by your bank account meet your heart's desire.Now the most important question comes, what to do with the earnings? Should you fulfill dreams of the present, invest in preserving the future or perhaps keep saving it for a rainy day?Our elders always try to teach us the value of money and its moral weakness. One may be on a winning streak（连续成功）now，but it will not always be so. One will have days when there will be no sunshine but only rain. and their luck will hide behind those thick grey clouds. Save for those rainy days,they say.Do not spend too much,live within a budget,refrain fromcredit no matter how small and save for the future.Since the very first time we earn our own money from a summer job or earning our first salary, the lessons start. In fact, the pocket money that we receive when we are children begins the process of learning how to best manage one's money.People often think like this-one day when I have enough money, I will travel the world. Then, once we do earn enough money, tomorrow's plans start shadowing our present ones. However, is it wise to keep living for that future? Will we still enjoy or even be able to backpack in -our 50s? How will we ever enjoy our present if we are constantly living for the future?Good questions, aren't they? 1 say travel but don' t let yourself run dry, treat yourself to some luxuries but also keep enough for your necessities, and enjoy your present but with a plan for the foreseeable future.Life is for the living. so live it sensibly.4. Why do elders teach us to save money?A. Because there are more rainy days in life.B. Because no one can win streak.C. Because good days may end.D. Because money can't buy everything.5. What does the underlined phrase "“refrain from" mean in Paragraph 3?A. select fromB. hold backC. rely onD. prefer to6. What can we infer from the passage?A. We should enjoy ourselves at the right time.B. We should wait to travel until we have enough money.C. We should live for the future no matter what.D. We should enjoy ourselves to the fullest when we have money.7. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Money is something but not everything.B. One should save for rainy days.C. Live in the moment before you live for the future.D. Live the present wisely for your life.CNASA has flown an aircraft on another planet for the first time. On Monday, April 19, Ingenuity, a 1. 8-kilogram drone (无人机) helicopter, took off from the surface of Mars, flew up about threemeters, then hovered for 40 seconds and took photos above with one of its two cameras. The historic moment was livestreamed on YouTube. “We can now say that human beings have flown a drone helicopter on another planet,” said MiMi Aung, the Ingenuity Mars Helicopter project manager at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, at a press conference. “We, together, flew at Mars, and we, together, now have our Wright brothers moment,” she added, referring to the first powered airplane flight on Earth in 1903.The details: The flight was a significant technical challenge, thanks to Mars' s bone-chilling temperatures (nights can drop down to -130 °F / -90 °C) and its incredibly thin atmosphere — just 1% the density of Earth' s. That meant Ingenuity had to be light, with rotor blades (螺旋桨) that were bigger and faster than would be needed to achieve liftoff on Earth (although the gravity on Mars, which is only about one-third of Earth's, worked in its favor). The flight had originally been scheduled to take place on April 11 but was delayed by software issues.Why it's significant: Beyond being a significantmilestonefor Mars exploration, the flight will also pave the way for engineers to think about new ways to explore other planets. Future drone helicopters could help astronauts by scoping out locations, exploring inaccessible areas, and capturing images. Ingenuity will also help inform thedesign of Dragonfly, a car-size drone that NASA is planning to send to Saturn's moon Titan in 2027.What's next: In the next few weeks, Ingenuity will conduct four more flights, each lasting up to 90 seconds. Each one is designed to further push the limits of Ingenuity's capabilities. Ingenuity is only designed to last for 30 Martian days, and is expected to stop functioning aroundMay 4. Its final resting place will be in the Jezero Crater as NASA moves on to the main focus of its mission: Getting the Perseverance rover (毅力号火星探测器) to study Mars for evidence of life.8. Why does MiMi Aung mention Wright brothers?A. To honor the historic contribution of Wright brothers.B. To make a comparison between Wright brothers and herself.C. To highlight the importance of Ingenuity's Martian exploration.D. To remind the public of the first powered airplane flight on Earth.9. What caused challenges for Ingenuity designers?A. The delay of software tests.B. The force of gravity on Mars.C. Mars's temperatures and atmosphere.D. Technical difficulty in liftoff on Earth.10. What does the underlined word “milestone” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. A great victory.B. A difficult task.C. A roadside stone.D. A historic event.11. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text?A. Mars Drone Helicopter Makes Historic First FlightB. Modern Wright Brothers Moment: Mars ExplorationC. First Drone Helicopter Spots Evidence of Life on MarsD. Ingenuity: Mars Drone Flies to Take Incredible PicturesDOver 180 teenage girls from LixianCounty No. 1 Middle School in Longnan city, Gansu province, listened carefully to a lecture about neuroscience (神经科学). It was delivered by a director of the experimental surgery department at The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Air Force Medical University in Xi’an.The students also joined a science class to make paper rockets to launch into the sky. A plastic bottle was connected with a long pipe joined to the end of the rocket, and students stepped heavily on the middle of thebottle so hard that the air pressure shot the rocket upward.The program started in 2016 as a one-week summer camp in Beijing that invited female students to take science courses and to interact with women in science. It aims to stir (激发) an interest in science and technology among female students.“I’m excited to take the opportunity because it’s been my biggest wish to popularize science among students. They can broaden their eyes and hopefully some of them will devote themselves to the field of neuroscience,” the director says. “It’s necessary to bring more of these activities on campus. I’m willing to communicate with teenagers, some of whom ask deep and thoughtful questions that I would never think of.”The key to science popularization is to imbue (灌输) others with the spirit of science. Some scientific and technological workers have devoted themselves to a job in a certain field and they enjoy the pleasure of scientific research. Female Chinese scientific and technological workers sometimes have to double their efforts to receive the same treatment or recognition as those male scientific workers. However, after years of continued effort, the situation will improve, showing the increasing number of female scientists in China.12. What is the purpose of the program?A. To praise the efforts of women scientists.B. To find out how much girls love science.C. To develop interest in science among girls.D. To show love for students in Western China.13. How does the director think of the program?A. Important.B. Challenging.C. Confusing.D. Serious.14. What is the most important in science popularization?A. Enjoying the fun of scientific research.B. Filling people with the spirit of science.C. Holding more scientific activities on campus.D. Forcing students to choose scientific subjects.15. What can we learn from the text?A. One can go anywhere if he/she learns science well.B. People have a stronger sense of science than before.C. Male scientists are much easily recognized than female ones.D. Thedirector graduated from Lixian County No. 1 Middle School.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019 学年奉贤区学科教学质量调研高三英语试卷（2020.05）（满分140分，考试时间120 分钟）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A.Supermarket. B.Tailor's shop. C.Department store. D.Convenience store.2. A.200 pounds. B.600 pounds. C .300 pounds. D.700 pounds.3. A.Call the ticket office later.B. Order the tickets online.C. Not to buy the ticket on the Internet.D. Order the tickets when it's not busy.4. A.Borrowing money from a business company.B. Lending some money to a student.C. Asking for some financial aid.D. Reading students' application.5. A.The bed is to blame for his not falling asleep.B. He can fall asleep if he stops drinking.C. He can drink more to fall asleep easily.D. Drinking is good for sleeping.6. A.He is satisfied with the content.B. He feels sorry for it.C. He thinks it is valueless.D. He thinks it is valuable.7. A.Professor Smith spoke Greek when he explained the maths problem.B. The woman still didn't understand the maths problem.C. Unfortunately,she didn't hear Professor Smith's explanation.D. Professor Smith didn't explain the problem clearly.8. A.Collect papers for the man.B. Do the typing once again.C. Check the paper for typing errors.D. Read the whole newspaper.9. A.Proceed in his own way.B. Stick to the original plan.C. Negotiate with his colleague.D. Try to change his colleague's mind.10. A.His project proved to be unsuccessful.B. He was unable to get sufficient money.C. Lack of land prevented his success.D. He was successful with his project.Section BDirections: In Section B,you will hear several longer conversation(s)and short passage(s),and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s)and the passage(s).The conversation(s)and the passage(s)will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following talk.11. A.To guide and help children's play.B. To give children an opportunity to play.C. To make children excited.D. To keep children company.12. A.It determines the standard a child can reach.B. It is the happiest period during one's life.C. It is the most important time to shape one's character.D. It is the best time for children to learn new things.13. A.The relationship between play and learning.B. The way to help children develop both physically and mentally.C. The importance of children's play.D. Different stages of children's development.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A.It tends to wander towards unpleasant experiences.B. It wanders for almost half of their waking time.C. It has trouble concentrating after a brain injury.D. It tends to be affected by their negative feelings.15. A.To find how happiness relates to daydreaming.B. To observe how one's mind affects one's behavior.C. To see why daydreaming impacts what one is doing.D. To study the relation between health and daydreaming.16. A.Participants with clear goals in mind outperformed those without clear goals.B. The difference in performance between the two groups was insignificant.C. Non-daydreamers were more confused on their tasks than daydreamers.D. Daydreamers did better than non-daydreamers in task performance. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A.Their average lifespan was less than 50 years.B. It was very common for them to have 12 children.C. They retired from work much earlier than today.D. They were quite optimistic about their future.18. A.Get ready for ecological changes.B. Adapt to the new environment.C. Learn to use new technology.D. Explore ways to stay young.19. A.When all women go out to work.B. When family planning is enforced.C. When a world government is set up.D. When all people become wealthier.20. A.Eliminate poverty and injustice.B. Migrate to other planets.C. Control the environment.D. Find inexhaustible resources.II.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections :After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Plants Scream in the Face of StressFor the first time,researchers appear to have evidence that like animals,those plants deprived of water or( 21) ________________ (force)to endure bodily harm can let out their pain.The study,(22) ________ has yet to be published in a scientific Journal,adds another dimension to scientists(23) ________ (grow)understanding of how plants detect and interact with their surroundings.In recent years,it has become very clear that plants are more sensitive than researchers(24) ______ (_ think).They respond when touched by insects and turn toward sources of light."Plants are not just robotic stimulus-response devices,"said Frantisek Baluska of the University of Bonn in Germany."They're living organisms which have their own problems."Actually making their suffering hearable,however,is another matter entirely.(25) (test)thatpossibility,a team led by Itzhak Khait,a plant scientist atTel Aviv University in Israel,placed microphones capable of detecting ultrasonic frequencies(超声波频率) four inches from tomato and tobacco plants.The researcher then either stopped watering them or cut their stems.Measuring in the range of 20 to 150 kilohertz(千赫)，the researchers found that even happy,healthy plants made the occasional noise.But when cut,tobacco plantsemitted(26) ______ average of 15 sounds within an hour of being cut,(27) __________ tomato plants produced 25 sounds(. 28) _________ researchers aren't yet sure how plants produce these sounds,Khait and his colleagues proposed one possibility in their paper(29) as water travels through the plants' tubes,air bubbles will form and explode,producing small vibrations.All this"screaming"caused by stress wasn't in a range detectable by human ears.But organisms that can hear ultrasonic frequencies--like mice,bats or perhaps other plants-- (30) ______________ p ossibly hear the plants cries from as far away as 15 feet.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Italians find"Moments of Joy in this Moment of Anxiety"It started with the national anthem.Then came the piano chords,trumpet blasts,violin serenades小( 夜曲) and even the clanging of pots and pans--all of it(31) ___________ f rom people's homes,out of windows and from balconies,and resounding across rooftops.Finally,on Saturday afternoon,a nationwide(32) ________ of applause broke out for the doctors on the medical front lines fighting the spread of Europe's worst coronavirus outbreak.Italians remain(33) ________ under house arrest as the nation,the European front inthe global fight against the coronavirus,has ordered extraordinary restrictions on their movement to prevent infection.But the music and noise erupting over the streets,from people(34) __________ in theirhomes,reflects the spirit,resilience and humor of a nation facing its worst national emergency since the Second World War.To the extent that this is a virus that tries people's souls,it has also demonstrated the(35) ______________ o f those national characters.In China,patriotic truck drivers risked infection to bring(36) _________ n eeded food tothe people of Wuhan, the epicenter of the outbreak.In Iran,videos show doctors in full combat dress and masks dancing to keep(37) ___________________ up.And in Italy,the gestures of gratitude and music ring out above the country's empty streets,while social media feeds fill with(38) _________ ,sentimental and humorous web videos.Images of nurses collapsed from exhaustion or their faces bruised使( 受瘀伤) from tightly(39 _______ )masks have also spread across the web in recent days.Parents posted pictures of unicorns and rainbows drawn by young children with the title"It will all be OK."＂We're Italians,and loving singing is part of our culture,"said Giorgio Albertini,51,an archaeology professor who clapped from his apartment balcony in the university district of Milan,calling it a way"to feel a community,and to have the(40) grief."III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections :For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Making choices is hard.That would be why researcher Moran Cerf has(41) ________ it from his life.As a rule,he always chooses the second menu item at a restaurant.This is(42) ______ by his research in neuroeconomics(神经经济学)( a somewhatnew,divisive field)at Northwestern University.As Business Insider describes,Cerf has extended his ideas--which draw on some controversial ideas in psychology,including ego depletion out--into a piece of advice that,to(43) _______________________ happiness,peoples hould"build alife that requires(44) ______ d ecisions by surrounding themselves with people who possesstraits they prefer.On an instinctive level,Cerf's idea(45) _________ :Many choices people make are the product of social pressures and the inputs of(46) _______ people around them.One exampleCerf furnishes is that,(47) ________ consistently ordering the second menu item,he neverpicks where to eat.Rather,he(48) _______ his decision to his dining partner--which friend he plans to eat with,probably one he trusts--and always lets them pick.While it's (49) _______ what, if any, scientific principles underlie those pieces ofadvice,there is no shortage of research showing that choices can sometimes feel more(50)_________________ t han liberating.An example from Quanta poits(假设)：If you have aclear love of Snickers(士力架)，choosing that over an Almond Joy(杏仁巧克力) or a Milky Way(牛奶巧克力) should be a(51) _________________ .And,as an experiment conducted byneuroscientist Paul Glimcher at NYU shows,most of the time it is,(52) __________________ you introduce more choices.When the participants were offered three candy bars(Snickers,Milky Way,and Almond Joy)they had no problem picking their favorite,but when they were given the option of one among 20,including Snickers,they would sometimes drift away from their(53)_____________________________________________ .When the choices were taken away in latertrials,the participants would wonder what caused them to make such a bad decision.As Quanta details,according to a model called"divisive normalization(分裂归一化)，which has gained some popularity,the way the brain encodes choices has a lot todo with how it values all its options.So,if you have two things that are clearly(54) ,brain areas involved in decision-making fire in a pattern that makes thedecision clear.When the choices are comparable,the brain does its best to focus on the distinctions between the two,but more choices(55) _______ that ability out.41.A.relieved B.released C.eliminated D.liberated42.A.influenced B.inherited C.implemented rmed43.A.maximize B.balance C.cherish D.seek44.A.safer B.fewer C.better D.sounder45.A.stands out es into force C.makes sense D.plays a part46.A.distinguished B.trusted C.authorized D.honored47.A.in addition to B.instead of C.in spite of D.regardless of48.A.conveys B.relates C.submits D.limits49.A.evident B.unclear C.critical D.inevitable50.A.confusing B.inspiring C.worrying D.appealing51.A.stressor B.no-brainer C.challenge D.headache52.A.after B.before C.when D.until53.A.preference B.struggle C.status D.direction54.A.impressive B.insignificant C.unique D.distinct55.A.crowd B.figure C.sort D.putSection BDirections: Read the following three passages.Eachp assage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)One spring day,once the flowers have begun to open, a bee will hover盘( 旋) and zip through your yard and dive-bomb your picnic table.While you're thinking about avoiding an attack,that bee is focused on something else entirely:me.A honeybee has about six weeks to live.Today,like most days,her task is to fly as many as three miles from home,stick her long,straw-like tongue into a hundred or so flowers.When the bee has had her fill,she'll fly home.There the bee will deposit what she has got into the mouthof one of her co-workers,who will relay it to another,and so on for about 20 minutes,until the mixture is ready to be placed into the comb.Then she and her 50,000 or so mates will hover in the dark all night every night,flapping their wings to create hot,breezy conditions to remove the water from the mixture.Several sunrises later,they will seal me off in a golden cell of beeswax.In her lifetime,our bee may visit 4,000 flowers,and yet will produce only one-twelfth of a tea spoon of me.The average American consumes nearly a pound and a half of me every year,in tea,on toast,and beyond.If I do say so myself,I am a timeless treasure.Literally--I never go bad.Unfortunately,my good health is not guaranteed.The problem lies in the growth of industrial agriculture and the use of pest control chemicals,as well as changes in weather patterns,all of which reduce the number of flowers bees have to visit.I'd appreciate your letting your own garden grow just a little wild.My future depends on all of us fostering spring and summers wild flowers,thus helping the bees,who give so much--to you,to me-- without ever asking for anything in return.56. What does"me ” refer to in the passage?A. The flower.B. The bee.C. Water.D. Honey,57. What is the 2nd paragraph mainly about?A. Bees' special talent.B. Bees' hard work.C. Bees' living environment.D. Bees' social behavior.58. Which one of the following is true according to the passage?A. A bee will always prioritize attacking picnic lovers.B. Before"me ” is sealed off in beeswax,the drying process can take a few nights.C. The lifework of a bee satisfies the average demand of an American consumer annually.D. Bees are more likely to visit those deliberately pest-controlled gardens.59. What is the purpose of the passage?A. To appeal for help for honeybees.B. To talk about the history of a treasure.C. To put forward techniques for gardeners.D. To argue against the control of chemicals.B)Get Your Unlimited Card at Cineworld CinemasEnjoy Unlimited FilmsWatch all the films you want at any Cineworld for just one monthly price.Being an Unlimited card holder gives you access to all the 2D films you can handle for one monthly price.Watch what you want,when you want,as many times as you want.Plus,save money when watching films in 3D and others.After you've been with us for more than I year we'll upgrade you to a Premium Card and you'll get into 3D films completely free too!Start enjoying today by using a temporary pass while you wait for your card to arrive in the post.Save On Snacks And DrinksGet 10%off all in-cinema food and drink.Plus get 10% off at Cineworld Starbucks licensed stores.First year card holders get 10%off, whilst Premium card holders get 25%off Cineworld'sin-cinema food and drinks including,all drinks,popcorn,nachos, hotdogs, ice cream,pick n mix and much more.Plus all card holders get 10%discounts at Cineworld Starbucks licensed stores.All you need to do is show your card at the counter and your discount will be applied.Recommend A FriendUnlimited members can get free months of membership when they recommend Unlimited to their friends!Recommend Unlimited to your friends and we'll give you free months of membership to say thank you.For every friend that signs up using your unique Recommend a Friend code you will both receive one month's free membership once they have been an active Unlimited member for 90 days.The free month will be automatically added to the end of your current subscription.You can earn a maximum of 12 Free Months with your Recommend a Friend code,so recommend Unlimited to 12 friends and you could get a full year of free Unlimited cinema!60. The cinema names its membership card"Unlimited"becauseA. one can have the benefits for good upon joining the membershipB. Cineworld members can enjoy as many 2D and 3D films as they like for freeC. it frees a member from any regular payment to the movie tickets at CineworldD. card holders can share limitless discounts and offers with friends and relatives61. Which of the statement is TRUE according to the passage?A. The benefits above are not available until the card is delivered.B. Premium card holders can have 25%off at a licensed Starbucks.C. Whoever persuades 6 friends into Unlimited can enjoy a half year of free membership.D. A second year of investment is worthwhile if you are a cinema goer.62. This passage is probably written to_A. secure the loyalty of potential customersB. introduce the latest movies and discountsC. promote the popularity of Cineworld cinemasD. give away movie cards to readers for freeC）A rare hole has opened up in the ozone layer above the Arctic,in what scientists say is the result of unusually low temperatures in the atmosphere above the north pole.The hole,which has been tracked from space and the ground over the past few days,has reached record dimensions,but is not expected to pose any danger to humans unless it moves further south.If it extends further south overpopulated areas,such as southernGreenland,people would be at increased risk of sunburn. However,on current trends the hole is expected to disappear altogether in a few weeks.Low temperatures in the northern polar regions led to an unusual stable polar vortex（极地漩涡），and the presence of ozone-destroying chemicals such as chlorine（氯）in the atmosphere-from human activities- caused the hole to form.＂The hole is principally a geophysical curiosity,"said Vincent-Henri Peuch,director of the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service."We monitored unusual dynamic（动态的）conditions,which drive the process of chemical depletion of ozone.Those dynamics allowed for lower temperatures and a more stable vortex than usual over the Arctic,which then triggered the formation of polar stratospheric（平流层的）clouds and the catalytic（催化的）destruction of ozone."The hole is not related to the Covid-19 shutdowns that have dramatically cut air pollution and reduced greenhouse gas emissions.It is also too early to say whether the unusually stable Arctic polar vortex conditions are linked with the climate crisis,or part of normal stratospheric weather variability.Peuch said there were no direct implications for the climate crisis.Temperatures in the region are already increasing,slowing the depletion of ozone,and the hole will start to recoveras polar air mixes with ozone-rich air from lower latitudes.The last time similar conditions were observed was in spring 2011.While a hole over the Arctic is a rare event,the much larger hole in the ozone layer over the Antarctic has been a major cause for concern for more than four decades.The production of ozone-depleting chemicals has been dramatically reduced,under the 1987 Montreal Protocol（蒙特利尔协议），but some sources appear still to be functioning--in2018,unauthorized emissions were detected from some areas.New sources of ozone-depleting chemicals were not a factor in the hole observed in the Arctic,said Peuch."However,this is a reminder that one should not take the Montreal Protocol measures for granted,and that observations from the ground and from satellites are central to avoid a situation where the ozone-destroying chemical level in the stratosphere could increase again."63. What is the possible meaning of the underlined word"depletion"?A. replacementB.consumptionC.increaseD.production64. According to the passage,scientists are concerned about the hole becauseA. it is expected to be a threat to the mankindB. the new hole is caused by air pollution and greenhouse gas emissionsC. it may encourage further scientific research and environmental awarenessD. it warns us of an oncoming climate crisis65. What can be learned from the last two paragraphs?A. The hole over the Arctic shares the same causes as the one over the Antarctic.B. Human activities are highly responsible for producing ozone-destroying chemicals.C. The Montreal Protocol has successfully prevented new emissions.D. Some new illegal emissions are to blame for the hole over the Arctic.66. The best title for the passage is probably_A.Record-size Hole Opens in Ozone Layer above the ArcticB. Actions Urgently Needed for a New Hole in Ozone LayerC. Environmental Disaster and International CooperationD. How a Hole in Ozone Affects our Life on Earth Section CDirections :Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.People like to post their selfies(自拍照) on social media.To know more about it,scientists at Syracuse University in New York recently did a research and came up with some surprising findings.People who post selfies and use editing software to make themselves look better show behaviors connected to narcissism,the researchers said.(67) _______________ Makana Chock,a professor from Syracuse University,said because social media is mostly used by people to share unimportant information about their lives,it is a good place for people to"work towards satisfying their own vanity."Those"likes"under their Facebook selfies make them feel good.(68) _________ Some people feel"peer pressure"to post selfies and some follow the popular belief that if there is no picture of an event or experience,it did not really happen."Anyway,it shouldn't be seen as negative.People get sense of satisfaction especially when they get likes.And it does no harm,"Chock said.Other findings from the study include:There are no major differences on how often men and women post selfies and how often they use editing software.(69) ______________Chock said posting selfies on social media is not all that different from what people have done for many years.On trips and special events,our parents and grandparents used cameras instead of phones to take photos.They would bring back photos to show friends and family.You had no choice but to look at them.You probably commented about how nice everyone in the photos looked,especially children and the person showing the photos.They were happy to hear your comments.(70) ___________________________________________________________ On socialmedia,however,people can decide not to look at photose--ven if they click"like 。
2020届上海市奉贤区实验中学高三英语二模试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ALocated in the beautiful Sichuan Basin, Chongqing is a magical 8D city. The natural history and cultural scenery of the area provide children with learning opportunities because they can enjoy the many wonders of this area.Fengjie Tiankeng Ground JointTiankeng Diqiao Scenic Area is located in the southern mountainous area of Fengjie County. The Tiankeng pit is 666 meters deep and is currently the deepest tiankeng in the world. The scenic spot is divided into ten areas including Xiaozhai Tiankeng, Tianjingxia Ground, Labyrinth River, and Longqiao River. There are many and weird karst cave shafts, and countless legends haunt them.Youyang Peach GardenYouyang Taohuayuan Scenic Area is a national forest park, a national 5A-level scenic spot, and a national outdoor sports training base. Located in the hinterland of Wuling Mountain. The Fuxi Cave in the scenic spot is about 3,000 meters long, with winding corridors, deep underground rivers, and color1 ful stalactites. The landscape is beautiful.Jinyun Mountain National Nature ReserveJinyun Mountain is located in Beibei District of Chongqing City, about 45 kilometers away from the Central District of Chongqing City. The nine peaks of Jinyun Mountain stand upright and rise from the ground. The ancient trees on the mountain are towering, the green bamboos form the forest, the environment is quiet, and the scenery is beautiful, so it is called "Little Emei". Among them, Yujian Peak is the highest, 1050 meters above sea level; Lion Peak is the most precipitous and spectacular, and the other peaks are also unique.Chongqing People's SquareChongqing's Great Hall of the People, one of the landmarks of Chongqing, gives people the deepest impression than its magnificent appearance resembling the Temple of Heaven. It also uses the traditional method of central axis symmetry, with colonnade-style double wings and a tower ending, plus a large green glazed roof, large red pillars, white railings, double-eave bucket arches, and painted carved beams.1.How deep is the Tiankeng Ground Joint?A.666mB.3,000mC.45kmD.1050m2.Which of the following rocks can you see in Youyang Peach Garden?A.LimestoneB.StalactiteC.MarbleD.Quartzite3.Which attraction is closest to downtown Chongqing?A.Fengjie Tiankeng Ground JointB.Jinyun Mountain National Nature ReserveC.Chongqing People's SquareD.Youyang Peach GardenBScientists have discovered a new behaviour among bumblebees that tricks plants into flowering early.When lack of pollen, bumblebees will bite little by little on the leaves of flower-less plants. The damage seems to fool the plant into flowering, sometimes up to 30 days earlier than normal.With their hairy appearance and special sounds, bumblebees are hard to miss in gardens all over the world. Their hairy bodies make them excellent pollinators for crops like tomatoes and blueberries. They are among the first bees to appear each year and work a long season.But despite their key role, bumblebees, like many other pollinators have seen their numbers decline suddenly in recent decades. One recent study pointed to climate change, reporting that an increasing number of hot days in Europe andNorth Americawas raising local bumblebees extinction rates.But researchers have now made a discovery about bumblebees that could have something to do with their long term survival. Scientists inSwitzerlandfound that when the bumblebees were out of pollen, they started to bite on the leaves of plants that hadn't yet flowered. They used their mouths to cut clearly-shaped holes in the leaves. But the creatures didn't eat the material or use it in their nests.The damaged plants responded by flowering earlier than normal--in some cases up to 30 days ahead of schedule. Researchers also found that the bee damaged plants flowered 30 days earlier than undamaged plants and 25 days earlier than ones damaged by the scientists.“I think everything that we've found is consistent with the idea that the bumblebees are damaging the plants and that that's an adaptation that brings flowers earlier and that benefits the bees,” said Dr Mark Mescher, one of the authors from ETHZurich.4. How do bumblebees fool plants into flowering earlier?A. By making use of the hot weather.B. By putting the false flowers on the leaves.C. By attacking the leaves of flowerless plants.D. By taking away the pollen from the other flowers.5. What's bumblebees’ key role?A.Making plants flower early.B. Spreading pollen to flowers and plants.C. Sending information about weather change.D. Finding out whether the plant has flowers.6. What has happened to bumblebees in the past the years?A. They are becoming homesick.B. They are not as friendly as before.C. There is a sharp decrease in number.D. They have been busy year by year.7. What's Dr Mark Mescher's attitude towards the behaviour of bumblebees?A. Uncaring.B. Skeptical.C. Tolerant.D. Objective.CThe World Wildlife Fund (WWF) says more than half of the world’s wildlife population has been lost, whichthe conservation group says has placed the health of the planet at risk.The WWF recently released its 10th Flagship Living Planet Report. The group warns the condition of the world's animals is worse than its earlier reports showed, indicating worldwide action is needed.The WWF is worried about the loss of and damage to Earth’s environment. The report provides information about more than 10,000 animal populations from 1970 to 2010. These populations are called “vertebrate species,” or animals with backbones — like fish, birds, mammals, amphibians and reptiles. The report shows these populations have dropped by 52 percent in just 40 years. It warns freshwater species have fallen by 76 percent, which is almost twice the loss of land and ocean species. Most of these losses are in the tropics, with the biggest drop inLatin America.Marco Lambertini, the WWF’s International Director-General said, “This is about losing natural habitats. This is aboutconvertingforests, grasslands, and wetlands into agriculture mainly, and it is about unsustainable use of wildlife. Illegal hunting has been actually increasing over the last 10 years, which definitely a driving force for extinction, particularly of large species.”The report also notes what it calls the world’s “Ecological Footprint”, that is, the effect of human activities on the planet. Mr. Lambertini says there has been an increase in carbon dioxide gases and the pouring of nitrogen into oceans and rivers from fertilizers used in agriculture, which certainly cannot continue.“We are consuming on average every year about the equivalent of about 1.5, one and a half times the resources available to the planet. That means we are cutting trees more quickly than they can be restored. We are fishing the oceans more quickly than fishing stocks can reproduce, and we are emitting in the atmosphere more CO2thanthe natural systems can actually absorb, which is clearly not sustainable.”Mr. Lambertini warns climate change affects almost everyone on the planet and that whole species may disappear if the world does not reduce the effects of humans on the climate.8. According to the passage, what kind of species faces the biggest drop in population?A. Land and ocean species.B. Animals with backbones.C. Freshwater species inLatin America.D. Freshwater species in the tropics.9. All the following can contribute to the loss of world’s wildlife population EXCEPT ________.A. turning wildlife habitats into agriculture land.B. making sustainable use of wildlife.C. hunting illegally.D. emitting CO2 gases and pouring nitrogen.10. Which does the underlined word “converting” in paragraph 4 mean?A. Conserving.B. Conveying.C. Exchanging.D. Transforming.11. It can be inferred from the passage that _______.A. Marco is much concerned about human’s current behaviors towards wildlife.B. what the planet provides now can satisfy human’s sustainable development.C. more than half of the world’s wildlife population has been lost.D. if humans reduce the effects on the climate, the whole species will not disappear.DA 10-year-old swimmer with sky-high dreams and a name to match them has broken a record previously held by Olympian Michael Phelps.Clark Kent Apuada, whose friends call him“Superman", swam the 100-meter butterfly in 1:09.38 at the Far Western Long Course Championships in his home state of California this Sunday. That's a second faster than the record Phelps set at the same event in 1995 with a time of 1: 10. 48 in the same category of boys under 10.Clark, a rising fifth-grader who is Filipino-American, told HuffPost he's been dreaming about breaking Phelps' record ever since he started swimming competitively at age 7."I was so motivated,"Clarksaid about his win."I was so happy that I was able to beat that record.”Phelps competed in his first Olympics at age 15. He went on to become the mostdecoratedOlympian in history, with 28 medals overall. “Everyone in the crowd was excited when they realized what a special swim they had just seen when we announced the long-standing record had been broken,"Cindy Rowland,Pacific Swimming's director, wrote in an email.Clarkwon first place for all the swimming events he competed in at this year's Far Western Championships. Pacific Swimming or PacSwim, a regional association that is part of USA Swimming, organizes the Far Western Long Course Championships. Cynthia Apuada,Clark' s mother,said that her child seems to be “living by his name at this point”。
2020奉贤区高三英语调研测试 (试卷参考答案)I. Listening ComprehensionSection A1-5BDBCB6-10CBCCDSection B11-13AAC 14-16BAD17-20 ACDCII. Grammar and VocabularySection A21.forced22. which 23. growing24. thought25. To test26.an 27. while28. Although/While/Though29. that30. could/canSection B31-40IBACG FDEKJIII. Reading ComprehensionSection A41-55CDABC BADBA BDADASection B56-59DBBA60-62CDA63-66BCBASection C67-70CBFDIV. Summary WritingFor reference:Strengthening or retrieving a sense of control is a natural demand. First, good perspective is of the greatest help, for evaluating the situation properly brings a clearer picture. Second, kind behaviors during tough times can secure you a sense of control as well. Third, actions and thoughts of positivity also help as they may create hope and optimism.It’s essential to feel you can control something in a crisis or emergency. Positive perspective is the most important, since it will ensure you confidence and power to pull through the difficult situation. Then doing small good deeds can free you from worry temporarily by helping others. Lastly, take some positive action to arouse the hope within you.V. Translation72. Never before have we been so eager /keen to go to school as we are now.73. Why not do something you love but don't have time to do since you can only stay at home?74. In Europe many coffee houses which serve as ideal places for social interaction have to closetheir stores to respond to the public health crisis.75. It turns out that when our country is facing difficulties, every Chinese, whether at home orabroad, is willing to make contributions to their motherland.。
2020届上海市奉贤中学高三英语二模试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThe Middlerby Kirsty ApplebaumEleven-year-old Maggie lives in Fennis Wick, enclosed and protected from the outside world. Her brother Jed is the eldest, a hero. Her younger brother is Trig—everyone loves Trig. But Maggie's just a middler；she is left behind. In this book, we experience the sadness of being the forgotten middle child, the child with no voice, even in her own family.Dennis in Jurassic Barkby Nigel AuchterlounieBeanotown is in trouble again, and this time the danger is Jurassic! Dennis，latest adventure is filled with fun, including Vikings, Victorians and soon, along with puzzles for you to finish. Can you help Dennis save Beanotown from the prehistoric invasion?Little Book for Big Changesby Karen Ng and Kirsten LiepmannIncluding more than 100 activities, try-outs, games, puzzles and tips,Little Book for Big Changesoffers fun and creative ways to bring people together to help change the world. Understand more about big problems in the world such as inequality and climate change, and be empowered to help make the world a better place.The Saga of Erik the Vikingby Terry JonesIn this illustrated story, Erik the Viking sets out with his trusty team of men in search of the land where the Sun goes at night. On his journey, he will meet adventures that will put his courage to the test.1. Who told a story about an unseen child in a family?A. Terry Jones.B. Kirsty Applebaum.C. Nigel Auchterlounie.D. Karen Ng and Kirsten Liepmann.2. Which book is proper for kids who love prehistoric-related stories?A.The Middler.B.Little Book for Big Changes.C.Dennis in Jurassic Bark.D.The Saga of Erik the Viking.3. What is special aboutLittle Book for Big Changes"!A. It is about two people.B. It is an adventure book.C. It has picturesinside to help kids read.D. It teaches kids to care for the world.B“Heavy hearts, like heavy clouds in the sky, are best relieved by the letting of a little water, the French writer Antoine de Rivarol wrote. This love letter to the cleansing beauty of a good cry is a comforting thought at atime when the continuing stress of the COVID-19 has added heaviness to each of our lives.Scientifically, de Rivarol's poetic image doesn't, if you'll forgive the words used in the poem, hold water. There's limited research on crying, partly because of the difficulty of copying the behavior of real crying in a lab. But even within the previous studies, there's little evidence to suggest that crying provides a physiological cleansing of poisons in people's body.Psychologists believe the relief of a good cry connects with a different emotional process. “It seems that crying occurs just after the peak of the emotional experience, and crying is associated with this return to homeostasis: the process of maintaining a stable psychological state,” said Lauren Bylsma. He also said holding back tears can have negative physical consequences, including headaches and muscle tension. Such restriction can also limit our experiences of joy, gratitude and other positive emotions if we avoid acknowledging our feelings.For me crying has been easier said than done during the COVID-19. Psychologists say it's normal to feel stopped up by the stresses of the past year. We should find opportunities to release and process our emotions.Watching a tear-jerking movie, having an emotional conversation with a close friend, and writing in a journal are healthy ways toelicita cry. Physical activity like light-footed walking or even dancing can also signal our bodies to release some emotional tightness. We can then open up to the flow of feelings that leave us feeling lighter and refreshed—like a clear sky after a soaking rain.4. What is the weakness of the studies ever clone on crying?A. They were clone in a laboratory setting.B. They cared little about different forms of crying.C. They were always concentrated on people's daily life.D. They showed little about the positive physical effect of crying.5. What is the function of crying according to Lauren Bylsma?A. Curing people of their diseases.B. Keeping emotionally balanced.C. Producing negative mental results.D. Expanding people's experience of joy.6. What does the underlined word “elicit” in the last paragraph mean?A. Produce.B. Postpone.C. Control.D. Repeat.7. What are people advised to do according to the text?A. Learn to hold back their tears wisely.B. Share their emotion with their colleagues.C. Have a good cry when necessary.D. Try to avoid admitting our feelings.CFirefighters in Florida this week helped rescue a bald eagle with a fishing hook stuck in its beak（嘴）and the attached line wrapped around its wing and beak. Firefighters at Pasco County Fire Rescue Station 21 on Thursday were greeted by two children holding the injured bald eagle and seeking help, according to the station’s Facebook page.The firefighters called Owl’s Nest Sanctuary（保护区）for Wildlife in Odessa for assistance and a volunteer came out to help. "It appears that the eagle was wrapped in the line for about two days, was underweight, and thirsty,” the post said.Floridahas one of the densest concentrations of nesting bald eagles in the lower 48 states with an estimated 1 ,500 nesting pairs according to the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission.PascoCountyis located in the state's west central coast north ofTampa.After the eagle was examined, it was placed in a container and taken to the sanctuary for treatment where Kris Potter, the sanctuary's director, successfully removed the hook.The sanctuary posted on its Facebook page that the eagle is making up for lost time when it comes to food. "He's eating all his meals with great enthusiasm and doesn't leave a crumb（碎屑）behind,“ the post said. "In the meantime, this big guy is resting and recovering ——he's already looking so much better!”After the eagle is considered stable, it will be taken toBuschGardensinTampafor further treatment, according to the post.“ Thankfully the eagle appears in good health and veterinarians（兽医）believe that the eagle will fully recover," the post said.When the eagle is cleared for return to the wild, it will be released in the area around Station 21 , the station said in its post.“A big thank-you to everyone who helped save this bald eagle's life! We are thankful for this happy outcome!”the post concluded. The sanctuary used the story to remind those who enjoy fishing to properly dispose of their garbage.8. Who initially found the injured bald eagle?A. Firefighters.B. Two children.C. The sanctuary's founder.D. A volunteer.9. Where will the eagle be set free?A. AtPascoCounty Fire Rescue Station 21.B. In the neighborhood around Station 21.C. In the sanctuary inOdessa.D. InBuschGardensinTampa.10. Why did the sanctuary post the story?A. To win a good reputation.B. To praise those firefighters.C. To appeal to people to protect bald eagles.D. To remind fishing lovers to deal with rubbish properly.11. What can we know about the outcome of the event?A. It's unexpected.B. It's beautiful.C. It's humorous.D. It's discouraging.DIt is essential that students have a category of school-related activities they can participate in. These activities can range from activities during normal school hours to after-school activities. No matter the time, these activities should be available to every student, and at Victory Pioneers International Schools (V.P.I.S) it is encouraged that every student participate in at least one activity, educational and recreational.One of the primary reasons school activities are important at V.P.I.S. is because it gives students the exercise they might not normally receive. Most popularly, these types of activities include major sports such as football, basketball, baseball, tennis, track and field and soccer but also might include gymnasium games and other games.Activities during V.P.I.S. also make a good impression on colleges if students are planning to pursue more education. Colleges look for students who do not just go to school and go home after school. These activitiesrange from participating in clubs and sports to volunteering after school at a recreation center or having a part-time job. If a college sees you maintained good grades while participating in these activities, it will be impressed.V.P.I.S. activities also allow students to be creative. Gifted-and-talented activities allow gifted students to participate in what they otherwise would never have experienced in the classroom. They are a great way to allow students to be creative. Additionally, participating in clubs such as drama that appeal to students’ interest also allows them to expand their knowledge and be creative.Students also can have their interests expanded by participating in activities. These activities could consist of anything, such as joining the Future Business Leaders, the school’s debate team and the chess team, to name a few. By participating in these activities, a student might realize he is interested in something he never knew he was interested in before.12. What can we learn about activities at V.P.I.S.?A. Not every student has access to them.B. Students are required to take part in them after school.C. They give students exercise that might not be got in other schools.D. Educational activities are more popular with the students.13. What benefits can the students get from the activities?A. They can get extra grades when applying for colleges.B. They will become more gifted and talented .C. They may expand their knowledge in drama.D. They may better know their own interests.14. Which of the following is a suitable title for the passage?A. The Benefits of V.P.I.S. ActivitiesB. School-related Activities at V.P.I.S.C. Colleges Need Creative StudentsD. Activities Make You Creative15. Where is the passage probably from?A. A scientific magazine.B. A college application guideline.C. A club introduction.D. The website of V.P.I.S.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020年上海市奉贤区高考英语二模试卷I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections：In Section A，you will hear tenshort conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation，a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questionswill be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1．(★★★★★)A．Supermarket．B．Tailor's shop．C．Department store．D．Convenience store．2．(★★★★★)A．200 pounds．B．600 pounds．C．300 pounds．D．700 pounds．3．(★★★★★)A．Call the ticket office later．B．Order the tickets online．C．Not to buy the ticket on the Internet．D．Order the tickets when it's not busy．4．(★★★★★)A．Borrowing money from a business company．B．Lending some money to a student．C．Asking for some financial aid．D．Reading students' application．5．(★★★★★)A．The bed is to blame for his not falling asleep．B．He can fall asleep if he stops drinking．C．He can drink more to fall asleep easily．D．Drinking is good for sleeping．6．(★★★★★)A．He is satisfied with the content．B．He feels sorry for it．C．He thinks it is valueless．D．He thinks it is valuable．7．(★★★★★)A．Professor Smith spoke Greek when he explained the maths problem．B．The woman still didn't understand the maths problem．C．Unfortunately，she didn't hear Professor Smith's explanation．D．Professor Smith didn't explain the problem clearly．8．(★★★★★)A．Collect papers for the man．B．Do the typing once again．C．Check the paper for typing errors．D．Read the whole newspaper．9．(★★★★★)A．Proceed in his own way．B．Stick to the original plan．C．Negotiate with his colleague．D．Try to change his colleague's mind．10．(★★★★★)A．His project proved to be unsuccessful．B．He was unable to get sufficient money．C．Lack of land prevented his success．D．He was successful with his project．Section BDirections：In Section B，you will hear several longer conversation（s）and short passage（s），and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation（s）and the passage（s）.The conversation（s）and the passage（s）will be read twice，but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question，read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.11．(★★★★★)（1）A．To guide and help children's play．B．To give children an opportunity to play．C．To make children excited．D．To keep children company．（2）A．It determines the standard a child can reach．B．It is the happiest period during one's life．C．It is the most important time to shape one's character．D．It is the best time for children to learn new things．（3）A．The relationship between play and learning．B．The way to help children develop both physically and mentally．C．The importance of children's play．D．Different stages of children's development．12．(★★★★★)（1）A．It tends to wander towards unpleasant experiences．B．It wanders for almost half of their waking time．C．It has trouble concentrating after a brain injury．D．It tends to be affected by their negative feelings．（2）A．To find how happiness relates to daydreaming．B．To observe how one's mind affects one's behavior．C．To see why daydreaming impacts what one is doing．D．To study the relation between health and daydreaming．（3）A．Participants with clear goals in mind outperformed those without clear goals．B．The difference in performance between the two groups was insignificant．C．Non-daydreamers were more confused on their tasks than daydreamers．D．Daydreamers did better than non-daydreamers in task performance．13．(★★★★★)（1）A．Their average lifespan was less than 50 years．B．It was very common for them to have 12 children．C．They retired from work much earlier than today．D．They were quite optimistic about their future．（2）A．Get ready for ecological changes．B．Adapt to the new environment．C．Learn to use new technology．D．Explore ways to stay young．（3）A．When all women go out to work．B．When family planning is enforced．C．When a world government is set up．D．When all people become wealthier．（4）A．Eliminate poverty and injustice．B．Migrate to other planets．C．Control the environment．D．Find inexhaustible resources．II.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections：After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word，fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word；for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank.14．(★★)Plants Scream in the Face of StressFor the first time，researchers appear to have evidence that like animals，those plants deprived of water or（1） forced （force）to endure bodily harm can let out their pain．The study，（2） which has yet to be published in a scientific Journal，adds another dimension to scientists（3） growing （grow）understanding of how plants detect and interact with their surroundings．In recent years，it has become very clear that plants are more sensitive than researchers（4） thought （think）．They respond when touched by insects and turn toward sources of light．"Plants are not just robotic stimulus-response devices，" said Frantisek Baluska of the University of Bonn in Germany．"They're living organisms which have their own problems．"Actually making their suffering hearable，however，is another matter entirely．（5） To test （test）that possibility，a team led by Itzhak Khait，a plant scientist at Tel Aviv University in Israel，placed microphones capable of detecting ultrasonic frequencies（超声波频率）four inches from tomato and tobaccoplants．The researcher then either stopped watering them or cut their stems．Measuring in the range of 20 to 150 kilohertz（千赫），the researchers foundthat even happy，healthy plants made the occasional noise．But when cut，tobacco plants emitted（6） an average of 15 sounds within an hour of being cut，（7）while tomato plants produced 25 sounds．（8） Althought/Though/while researchers aren't yet sure how plants produce these sounds，Khait and his colleagues proposed one possibility in their paper（9） that as water travels through the plants' tubes，air bubbles will form and explode，producing small vibrations．All this "screaming" caused by stress wasn't in a range detectable by human ears．But organisms that can hear ultrasonic frequencies--like mice，bats or perhaps other plants--（10） can possibly hear the plants cries from as far away as 15 feet．Section BDirections：Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from thebox.Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.15．(★★★)A．essentially B．round C．stuck D．spirits E．encouraging F．desperatelyG．strengths H．frustrating I．spilling J．collective K．sealed Italians find "Moments of Joy in this Moment of Anxiety"It started with the national anthem．Then came the piano chords，trumpet blasts，violin serenades（小夜曲）and even the clanging of pots and pans--all of it（1）I from people's homes，out of windows and from balconies，and resounding across rooftops．Finally，on Saturday afternoon，a nationwide（2） B of applause broke out for the doctors on the medical front lines fighting the spread of Europe's worst coronavirus outbreak．Italians remain（3） A under house arrest as the nation，the Europeanfront in the global fight against the coronavirus，has ordered extraordinary restrictions on their movement to prevent infection．But the music and noise erupting over the streets，from people（4） C in their homes，reflects the spirit，resilience and humor of a nation facing its worst national emergency since the Second World War．To the extent that this is a virus that tries people's souls，it has also demonstrated the（5） G of those national characters．In China，patriotic truck drivers risked infection to bring（6） F needed food to the people of Wuhan， the epicenter of the outbreak．In Iran，videos show doctors in full combat dress and masks dancing to keep（7） D up．And in Italy，the gestures of gratitude and music ring out above the country's empty streets，while social media feeds fill with（8） E ，sentimental and humorous webvideos．Images of nurses collapsed from exhaustion or their faces bruised（使受瘀伤）from tightly（9） K masks have also spread across the web in recent days．Parents posted pictures of unicorns and rainbows drawn by young children with the title "It will all be OK．""We're Italians，and loving singing is part of our culture，" said Giorgio Albertini，51，an archaeology professor who clapped from his apartment balcony in the university district of Milan，calling it a way "to feel a community，and tohave the（10） J grief．"III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections：For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A，B，C and D.Fill in each blankwith the word or phrase that best fits the context.16．(★★★★)Making choices is hard．That would be why researcher Moran Cerf has （1） D it from his life．As a rule，he always chooses the second menu item at a restaurant．This is（2） D by his research in neuroeconomics（神经经济学）（a somewhat new，divisive field）at Northwestern University．As Business Insider describes，Cerf has extended his ideas--which draw on some controversial ideas in psychology，including ego depletion out--into a piece of advice that，to（3） B happiness，people should build a life that requires（4） C decisions by surrounding themselves with people who possess traits they prefer．On an instinctive level，Cerf's idea（5） C ：Many choices people make are the product of social pressures and the inputs of（6） B people around them．One example Cerf furnishes is that，（7） C consistently ordering the second menu item，he never picks where to eat．Rather，he（8） C his decisionto his dining partner--which friend he plans to eat with，probably one he trusts--and always lets them pick．While it's （9） B what， if any， scientific principles underlie those pieces of advice，there is no shortage of research showing that choices can sometimes feel more（10） A than liberating．An example from Quanta poits（假设）：If you have a clear love of Snickers（士力架），choosing that over an AlmondJoy（杏仁巧克力）or a Milky Way（牛奶巧克力） should be a（11） B ．And，as an experiment conducted by neuroscientist Paul Glimcher at NYU shows，most of the time it is，（12） D you introduce more choices．When the participants were offered three candy bars（Snickers，Milky Way，and Almond Joy）they had no problem picking their favorite，but when they were given the option of one among 20，including Snickers，they would sometimes drift away from their（13） A ．When thechoices were taken away in later trials，the participants would wonder what caused them to make such a bad decision．As Quanta details，according to a model called "divisive normalization（分裂归一化）"，which has gained some popularity，the way the brain encodes choices has a lot to do with how it values all its options．So，if you have two things that areclearly（14） C ，brain areas involved in decision-making fire in a pattern that makes the decision clear．When the choices are comparable，the brain does its best to focus on the distinctions between the two，but more choices（15） Athat ability out．（1）A．relieved B．released C．eliminated D．liberated（2）A．influenced B．inherited C．implemented D．informed（3）A．maximize B．balance C．cherish D．seek（4）A．safer B．fewer C．better D．sounder（5）A．stands out B．comes into force C．makes sense D．plays a part（6）B．trusted C．authorized D．honored A．distinguished（7）A．in additionB．instead of C．in spite of D．regardless ofto（8）A．conveys B．relates C．submits D．limits（9）A．evident B．unclear C．critical D．inevitable（10）A．confusing B．inspiring C．worrying D．appealing（11）A．stressor B．no-brainer C．challenge D．headache（12）A．after B．before C．when D．until（13）A．preference B．struggle C．status D．direction（14）A．impressive B．insignificant C．unique D．distinct（15）A．crowd B．figure C．sort D．putSection BDirections：Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A，B，C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.17．(★★★)One spring day，once the flowers have begun to open， a bee will hover（盘旋）and zip through your yard and dive-bomb your picnic table．Whileyou're thinking about avoiding an attack，that bee is focused on something else entirely：me．A honeybee has about six weeks to live．Today，like most days，her task is to fly as many as three miles from home，stick her long，straw-like tongue into a hundred or so flowers．When the bee has had her fill，she'll fly home．There the bee will deposit what she has got into the mouth of one of her co-workers，who will relay it to another，and so on for about 20 minutes，until the mixture is ready to be placed into the comb．Then she and her 50，000 or so mates will hover in the dark all night every night，flapping their wings to create hot，breezy conditions to remove the water from the mixture．Several sunrises later，they will seal me off in a golden cell of beeswax．In her lifetime，our bee may visit 4，000 flowers，and yet will produce only one-twelfth of a tea spoon of me．The average American consumes nearly a pound and a half of me every year，in tea，on toast，and beyond．If I do say so myself，I am a timelesstreasure．Literally--I never go bad．Unfortunately，my good health is not guaranteed．The problem lies in the growth of industrial agriculture and the use of pest control chemicals，as well as changes in weather patterns，all of which reduce the number of flowers bees have tovisit．I'd appreciate your letting your own garden grow just a little wild．My future depends on all of us fostering spring and summers wild flowers，thus helping the bees，who give so much--to you，to me--without ever asking for anything in return．（1）What does "me" refer to in the passage？ DA．The flower．B．The bee．C．Water．D．Honey．（2）What is the 2nd paragraph mainly about？ BA．Bees' special talent．B．Bees' hard work．C．Bees' living environment．D．Bees' social behavior．（3）Which one of the following is true according to the passage？ BA．A bee will always prioritize attacking picnic lovers．B．Before "me" is sealed off in beeswax，the drying process can take a few nights．C．The lifework of a bee satisfies the average demand of an American consumer annually．D．Bees are more likely to visit those deliberately pest-controlled gardens．（4）What is the purpose of the passage？ AA．To appeal for help for honeybees．B．To talk about the history of a treasure．C．To put forward techniques for gardeners．D．To argue against the control of chemicals．18．(★★★)Get Your Unlimited Card at Cineworld CinemasEnjoy Unlimited FilmsWatch all the films you want at any Cineworld for just one monthly price．Being an Unlimited card holder gives you access to all the 2D films you can handle for one monthly price．Watch what you want，when you want，as many times as you want．Plus，save money when watching films in 3D and others．After you've been with us for more than I year we'll upgrade you to a Premium Card and you'll get into 3D films completely free too! Start enjoying today by using a temporary pass while you wait for your card to arrive in the post．Save On Snacks And DrinksGet 10% off all in-cinema food and drink．Plus get 10% off at Cineworld Starbucks licensed stores．First year card holders get 10% off， whilst Premium card holders get 25% off Cineworld's in-cinema food and drinks including，all drinks，popcorn，nachos，hotdogs， ice cream，pick a mix and much more．Plus all card holders get 10% discounts at Cineworld Starbucks licensed stores．All you need to do is show your card at the counter and your discount will be applied．Recommend A FriendUnlimited members can get free months of membership when they recommend Unlimited to their friends!Recommend Unlimited to your friends and we'll give you free months of membership to say thank you．For every friend that signs up using your unique Recommend a Friend code you will both receive one month's free membership once they have been an active Unlimited member for 90 days．The free month will be automatically added to the end of your current subscription．You can earn a maximumof 12 Free Months with your Recommend a Friend code，so recommend Unlimited to 12 friends and you could get a full year of free Unlimited cinema!（1）The cinema names its membership card "Unlimited" because C ．A．one can have the benefits for good upon joining the membershipB．Cineworld members can enjoy as many 2D and 3D films as they like for freeC．it frees a member from any regular payment to the movie tickets at Cineworld D．card holders can share limitless discounts and offers with friends and relatives （2）Which of the statement is TRUE according to the passage？ DA．The benefits above are not available until the card is delivered．B．Premium card holders can have 25% off at a licensed Starbucks．C．Whoever persuades 6 friends into Unlimited can enjoy a half year of free membership．D．A second year of investment is worthwhile if you are a cinema goer．（3）This passage is probably written to D ．A．secure the loyalty of potential customersB．introduce the latest movies and discountsC．promote the popularity of Cineworld cinemasD．give away movie cards to readers for free19．(★★★)A rare hole has opened up in the ozone layer above the Arctic，in what scientists say is the result of unusually low temperatures in the atmosphere above the north pole．The hole，which has been tracked from space and the ground over the past few days，has reached record dimensions，but is not expected to pose any danger to humans unless it moves further south．If it extends further south overpopulated areas，such as southern Greenland，people would be at increased risk of sunburn． However，on current trends the hole is expected to disappear altogether in a few weeks．Low temperatures in the northern polar regions led to an unusual stable polar vortex（极地漩涡），and the presence of ozone-destroying chemicals such as chlorine （氯）in the atmosphere-from human activities- caused the hole to form．"The hole is principally a geophysical curiosity，" said Vincent-Henri Peuch，director of the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service．"We monitored unusual dynamic（动态的）conditions，which drive the process of chemical [depletion] of ozone．Those dynamics allowed for lower temperatures and a more stable vortex than usual over the Arctic，which then triggered the formation of polar stratospheric （平流层的）clouds and the catalytic（催化的）destruction of ozone．"The hole is not related to the Covid-19 shutdowns that have dramatically cutair pollution and reduced greenhouse gas emissions．It is also too early to say whether the unusually stable Arctic polar vortex conditions are linked with the climate crisis，or part of normal stratospheric weather variability．Peuch said there were no direct implications for the climate crisis．Temperatures in the region are already increasing，slowing the depletion ofozone，and the hole will start to recover as polar air mixes with ozone-rich air from lower latitudes．The last time similar conditions were observed was in spring 2011．While a hole over the Arctic is a rare event，the much larger hole in the ozone layer over the Antarctic has been a major cause for concern for more than four decades．The production of ozone-depleting chemicals has been dramatically reduced，under the 1987 Montreal Protocol（蒙特利尔协议），but some sources appear still tobe functioning--in 2018，unauthorized emissions were detected from some areas．New sources of ozone-depleting chemicals were not a factor in the hole observed in the Arctic，said Peuch．"However，this is a reminder that one should not take the Montreal Protocol measures for granted，and that observations from the ground and from satellites are central to avoid a situation where the ozone-destroying chemical level in the stratosphere could increase again．"（1）What is the possible meaning of the underlined word "depletion"？ B A．replacementB．consumptionC．increaseD．production（2）According to the passage，scientists are concerned about the hole becauseC ．A．it is expected to be a threat to the mankindB．the new hole is caused by air pollution and greenhouse gas emissionsC．it may encourage further scientific research and environmental awarenessD．it warns us of an oncoming climate crisis（3）What can be learned from the last two paragraphs？ BA．The hole over the Arctic shares the same causes as the one over the Antarctic．B．Human activities are highly responsible for producing ozone-destroying chemicals．C．The Montreal Protocol has successfully prevented new emissions．D．Some new illegal emissions are to blame for the hole over the Arctic．（4）The best title for the passage is probably A ．A．Record-size Hole Opens in Ozone Layer above the ArcticB．Actions Urgently Needed for a New Hole in Ozone LayerC．Environmental Disaster and International CooperationD．How a Hole in Ozone Affects our Life on EarthSection CDirections：Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.20．(★★★) People like to post their selfies（自拍照）on social media．To know more about it，scientists at Syracuse University in New York recently did aresearch and came up with some surprising findings．People who post selfies and use editing software to make themselves look bettershow behaviors connected to narcissism，the researchers said．（1） C Makana Chock，a professor from Syracuse University，said because social media is mostly used by people to share unimportant information about their lives，it is a good place for people to"work towards satisfying their own vanity．"Those"likes"under their Facebook selfies make them feel good．（2） B Some people feel "peer pressure" to post selfies and some follow the popular belief that if there is no picture of an event or experience，it did not really happen．"Anyway，it shouldn't be seen as negative．People get sense of satisfaction especially when they get likes．And it does no harm，" Chock said．Other findings from the study include：There are no major differences on how often men and women post selfies and how often they use editing software．（3） F Chock said posting selfies on social media is not all that different from what people have done for many years．On trips and special events，our parents and grandparents used cameras instead of phones to take photos．They would bring back photos to show friends and family．You had no choice but to look at them．You probably commented about how nice everyone in the photos looked，especiallychildren and the person showing the photos．They were happy to hear your comments．（4） D On social media，however，people can decide not to look at photos--even if they click "like"．A．Taking selfies is definitely one experience that many people like doing and sharing with the online world．B．People who post group selfies also show a need for popularity and a need to belong to a group．C．Narcissists are people who think very highly of themselves，especially how they look．D．That was the old way of "clicking like"．E．The drive to take selfies can nevertheless do some good to socicty as a whole．F．But men who post selfies showed more of a need to be seen as popular than women did．IV.Summary Writing21．(★★★)Directions：Read the following passage．Summarize the main idea and the main point（s）of the passage in no more than 60 words．Use your own words as far as possible．It's natural to feel the need to control something when everything around you feels out of control，and you feel helpless．When a friend of mine first heard about the coronavirus outbreak，she got down on her hands and knees and cleaned her kitchen floor．She told me，"My floor wasn't even dirty，but doing something constructive made me feel in control and that I was holding on to my power，despite the desperate circumstances．"Your most powerful weapon against uncertainty is your perspective because nobody and no situation can take that from you unless you give it away．Your perspective can victimize or empower you．When you look for the upside in a downside situation and figure out what you can control and what you can't，it'seasier to accept whatever is beyond your control．。
202005奉贤区高三英语调研测试(试卷参考答案)I. Listening ComprehensionSection A1-5BDBCB6-10CBCCDSection B11-13AAC 14-16BAD17-20 ACDCII. Grammar and VocabularySection A21.forced22. which 23. growing24. thought25. To test26.an 27. while28. Although/While/Though29. that30. could/canSection B31-40IBACG FDEKJIII. Reading ComprehensionSection A41-55CDABC BADBA BDADASection B56-59DBBA60-62CDA63-66BCBASection C67-70CBFDIV. Summary WritingFor reference:Strengthening or retrieving a sense of control is a natural demand. First, good perspective is of the greatest help, for evaluating the situation properly brings a clearer picture. Second, kind behaviors during tough times can secure you a sense of control as well. Third, actions and thoughts of positivity also help as they may create hope and optimism.It’s essential to feel you can control something in a crisis or emergency. Positive perspective is the most important, since it will ensure you confidence and power to pull through the difficult situation. Then doing small good deeds can free you from worry temporarily by helping others. Lastly, take some positive action to arouse the hope within you.V. Translation72. Never before have we been so eager /keen to go to school as we are now.73. Why not do something you love but don't have time to do since you can only stay at home?74. In Europe many coffee houses which serve as ideal places for social interaction have to closetheir stores to respond to the public health crisis.75. It turns out that when our country is facing difficulties, every Chinese, whether at home orabroad, is willing to make contributions to their motherland.。
2020届上海奉贤区高三下学期二模英语试题一、用单词的适当形式完成短文1.According to a study published in the pre-print website bioRxiv, a team of Israeli scientists recorded tomato and tobacco plants producing, sound frequencies which humans cannot hear in stressful situations—such as when they experienced a lack of water or their stems were cut. The team identified the sounds with microphones placed around 10 centimeters （around four inches）away from the plants, though the scientists say the noises could potentially be heard several feet away by some mammals and insects, such as mice.Plants exposed to drought stress have been shown to experience cavitation（空化现象）—a process where air bubbles（气泡）form, expand and explode inside tissue that transports water. These explosions produce sound, but they have only ever been recorded using devices directly connected to the plants. The latest study, meanwhile, is the first to identify plants making sounds which can be detected over a distance. And the researchers say that cavitation could potentially be the source of these sounds.The team detected the tomato plants made 35 sounds an hour on average when they were exposed to drought conditions, while the tobacco plants produced 11. When the stems of the plants were cut, the tomato plants made 25 sounds an hour on average and the tobacco plants produced 15. As a comparison, unstressed plants made less than one sound per hour on average, according to the study.The team say that while they only tested tomato and tobacco, it's possible that other plants could also produce sounds, adding that the latest findings could have implications for agriculture. "Plant sound emissions could offer a novel way for monitoring crops' water state—a question of vital importance in agriculture," the authors wrote in the study. "More precise irrigation can save up to 50 percent of the water consumption and increase the output, with dramatic economic implications.""According to Anne Visscher from the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, in the U.K., the idea that the sounds could be used in precision agriculture is 'practical' though she urges caution regarding the Israeli team's suggestion that other animals could hear the sounds at a distance," New Scientist reported.（1）What do the Israeli scientists find about plants?A Stressed plants tend to lack water.B Some plants can understand humans' sounds.C Stressed plants can make more frequent sounds.D Some mammals and insects can communicate with plants.（2）What can we learn about cavitation?A It may contribute to the plants' sounds.B It may lead to plants experiencing drought.C It is determined by the number of air bubbles.D It was identified and recorded for the first time.（3）How many sounds do the tomato plants make per hour on average when cut?A 11.B 15.C 25.D 35.（4）What's Anne Visscher's attitude to applying the study to agriculture?A Supportive.B Cautious.C Reserved.D Opposed.二、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文2.Italians find "Moments of Joy in this Moment of Anxiety"It started with the national anthem．Then came the piano chords，trumpet blasts，violin serenades（小夜曲）and even the clanging of pots and pans﹣﹣all of it（1）_______from people's homes，out of windows and from balconies，and resounding across rooftops．Finally，on Saturday afternoon，a nationwide（2）_______of applause broke out for the doctors on the medical front lines fighting the spread of Europe's worst coronavirus outbreak．Italians remain（3）_______under house arrest as the nation，the European front in the global fight against the coronavirus，has ordered extraordinary restrictions on their movement to prevent infection．But the music and noise erupting over the streets，from people（4）_______in their homes，reflects the spirit，resilience and humor of a nation facing its worst national emergency since the Second World War．To the extent that this is a virus that tries people's souls，it has also demonstrated the（5）_______of those national characters．In China，patriotic truck drivers risked infection to bring（6）_______needed food to the people of Wuhan， the epicenter of the outbreak．In Iran，videos show doctors in full combat dress and masks dancing to keep（7）_______up．And in Italy，the gestures of gratitude and music ring out above the country's empty streets，while social media feeds fill with（8）_______，sentimental and humorous web videos．Images of nurses collapsed from exhaustion or their faces bruised（使受瘀伤）from tightly （9）_______masks have also spread across the web in recent days．Parents posted pictures of unicorns and rainbows drawn by young children with the title "It will all be OK．""We're Italians，and loving singing is part of our culture，" said Giorgio Albertini，51，an archaeology professor who clapped from his apartment balcony in the university district of Milan，calling it a way "to feel a community，and to have the（10）_______grief．"三、完形填空3. Making choices is hard. That would be why researcher Moran Cerf has _______ it from his life. As a rule, he always chooses the second menu item at a restaurant.This is _______ by his research in neuroeconomics(神经经济学)(a somewhat new. divisive field) at Northwestern University. As Business Insider describes, Cerf has extended his ideas—which draw on some controversial ideas in psychology, including ego depletion out-into a piece of advice that, to _______ happiness, people should "build a life that requires _______ decisions by surrounding themselves withpeople who possess traits they prefer.On an instinctive level, Cerf's idea _______: Many choices people make are the product of social pressures and the inputs of _______ people around them. One example Cerf furnishes is that. _______ consistently ordering the second menu item, he never picks where to eat. Rather, he _______ his decision to his dining partner—which friend he plans to eat with, probably one he trusts—and always lets them pick.While it’s _______ what, if any scientific principles underlie those pieces of advice, there is no shortage of research showing that choices can sometimes feel more ________ than liberating. An example from Quanta poits (假设): If you have a clear love of Snickers(士力架),choosing that over an Almond Joy(杏仁巧克力)or a Milky Way(牛奶巧克力)should be a ________. And, as an experiment conducted by neuroscientist Paul Glimcher at NYU shows most of the time it is, ________ you introduce more choices.When the participants were offered three candy bars (Snickers, Milky Way, and Almond Joy) they had no problem picking their favorite, but when they were given the option of one among 20 including Snickers, they would sometimes drift away from their ________. When the choices were taken away in later trials, the participants would wonder what caused them to make such a bad decision.As Quanta details, according to a model called “divisive normalization”(分裂归一化), which has gained some popularity, the way the brain encodes choices has a lot to do with how it values all its options. So if you have two things that are clearly ________ brain areas involved in decision-making fire in a pattern that makes the decision clear. When the choices are comparable, the brain docs its best to focus on the distinctions between the two, but more choices ________ that ability out.（1）A relievedB releasedC eliminatedD liberated（2）A influencedB inheritedC implementedD informed（3）A maximizeB balanceC cherishD seek（4）A saferB fewerC betterD sounder（5）A stands outB comes into forceC makes senseD plays a part（6）A distinguishedB trustedC authorizedD honored（7）A in addition toB instead ofC in spite ofD regardless of（8）A conveysB relatesC submitsD limits（9）A evidentB unclearC criticalD inevitable（10）A confusingB inspiringC worryingD appealing（11）A stressorB no-brainerC challengeD headache（12）A afterB beforeC whenD until（13）A preferenceB struggleC statusD direction（14）A impressiveB insignificantC uniqueD distinct（15）A crowdB figureC sortD put四、阅读选择4. One spring day, once the flowers have begun to open, a bee will hover（盘旋）and zip through your yard and dive﹣bomb your picnic table．While you're thinking about avoiding an attack, that bee is focused on something else entirely: me．A honeybee has about six weeks to live．Today, like most days, her task is to fly as many as three miles from home, stick her long, straw﹣like tongue into a hundred or so flowers．When the bee has had her fill, she'll fly home．There the bee will deposit what she has got into the mouth of one of her co﹣workers, who will relay it to another, and so on for about 20 minutes, until the mixture is ready to be placed into the comb．Then she and her 50, 000 or so mates will hover in the dark all night every night, flapping their wings to create hot, breezy conditions to remove the water from the mixture．Several sunrises later, they will seal me off in a golden cell of beeswax．In her lifetime, our bee may visit 4, 000 flowers, and yet will produce only one﹣twelfth of a tea spoon of me．The average American consumes nearly a pound and a half of me every year, in tea, on toast, and beyond．If I do say so myself, I am a timeless treasure．Literally﹣﹣I never go bad．Unfortunately, my good health is not guaranteed．The problem lies in the growth of industrial agriculture and the use of pest control chemicals, as well as changes in weatherpatterns, all of which reduce the number of flowers bees have to visit．I'd appreciate your letting your own garden grow just a little wild．My future depends on all of us fostering spring and summers wild flowers, thus helping the bees, who give so much﹣﹣to you, to me ﹣﹣without ever asking for anything in return．（1）What does "me" refer to in the passage？________A The flower．B The bee．C Water．D Honey．．（2）What is the 2nd paragraph mainly about？________A Bees' special talent．B Bees' hard work．C Bees' livingenvironment． D Bees' social behavior．．（3）Which one of the following is true according to the passage？________A A bee will always prioritize attacking picnic lovers．B Before "me" is sealed off in beeswax，the drying process can take a few nights．C The lifework of a bee satisfies the average demand of an American consumer annually．D Bees are more likely to visit those deliberately pest﹣controlled gardens．．（4）What is the purpose of the passage？________A To appeal for help for honeybees．B To talk about the history of atreasure． C To put forward techniques for gardeners． D To argue against the control of chemicals．5.Get Your Unlimited Card at Cineworld CinemasEnjoy Unlimited FilmsWatch all the films you want at any Cineworld for just one monthly price．Being an Unlimited card holder gives you access to all the 2D films you can handle for one monthly price．Watch what you want，when you want，as many times as you want．Plus，save money when watching films in 3D and others．After you've been with us for more than I year we'll upgrade you to a Premium Card and you'll get into 3D films completely free too! Start enjoying today by using a temporary pass while you wait for your card to arrive in the post．Save On Snacks And DrinksGet 10% off all in﹣cinema food and drink．Plus get 10% off at Cineworld Starbucks licensed stores．First year card holders get 10% off， whilst Premium card holders get 25% off Cineworld's in﹣cinema food and drinks including，all drinks，popcorn，nachos，hotdogs， ice cream，pick a mix and much more．Plus all card holders get 10% discounts at Cineworld Starbucks licensed stores．All you need to do is show your card at the counter and your discount will be applied．Recommend A FriendUnlimited members can get free months of membership when they recommend Unlimited to their friends!Recommend Unlimited to your friends and we'll give you free months of membership to say thank you．For every friend that signs up using your unique Recommend a Friend code youwill both receive one month's free membership once they have been an active Unlimited member for 90 days．The free month will be automatically added to the end of your current subscription．You can earn a maximum of 12 Free Months with your Recommend a Friend code，so recommend Unlimited to 12 friends and you could get a full year of free Unlimited cinema!（1）The cinema names its membership card "Unlimited" because________．A．one can have the benefits for good upon joining the membershipB．Cineworld members can enjoy as many 2D and 3D films as they like for freeC．it frees a member from any regular payment to the movie tickets at Cineworld D．card holders can share limitless discounts and offers with friends and relatives（2）Which of the statement is TRUE according to the passage？________A．The benefits above are not available until the card is delivered．B．Premium card holders can have 25% off at a licensed Starbucks．C．Whoever persuades 6 friends into Unlimited can enjoy a half year of free membership．D．A second year of investment is worthwhile if you are a cinema goer．（3）This passage is probably written to________．A．secure the loyalty of potential customersB．introduce the latest movies and discountsC．promote the popularity of Cineworld cinemasD．give away movie cards to readers for free6. A rare hole has opened up in the ozone layer above the Arctic, in what scientists say is the result of unusually low temperatures in the atmosphere above the north pole．The hole, which has been tracked from space and the ground over the past few days, has reached record dimensions, but is not expected to pose any danger to humans unless it moves further south．If it extends further south overpopulated areas, such as southern Greenland, people would be at increased risk of sunburn． However, on current trends thehole is expected to disappear altogether in a few weeks．Low temperatures in the northern polar regions led to an unusual stable polar vortex（极地漩涡）, and the presence of ozone﹣destroying chemicals such as chlorine（氯）in the atmosphere﹣from human activities﹣ caused the hole to form．"The hole is principally a geophysical curiosity, " said Vincent﹣Henri Peuch, director ofthe Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service．"We monitored unusual dynamic（动态的）conditions, which drive the process of chemical ________ of ozone．Those dynamics allowedfor lower temperatures and a more stable vortex than usual over the Arctic, which then triggered the formation of polar stratospheric（平流层的）clouds and the catalytic（催化的）destruction of ozone．"The hole is not related to the Covid﹣19 shutdowns that have dramatically cut air pollution and reduced greenhouse gas emissions．It is also too early to say whether the unusually stable Arctic polar vortex conditions are linked with the climate crisis, or part of normal stratospheric weather variability．Peuch said there were no direct implications for the climate crisis．Temperatures in the region are already increasing, slowing the depletion of ozone, and the hole will start to recover as polar air mixes with ozone﹣rich air from lower latitudes．The last time similar conditions were observed was in spring 2011．While a hole over the Arctic is a rare event, the much larger hole in the ozone layer overthe Antarctic has been a major cause for concern for more than four decades．The production of ozone﹣depleting chemicals has been dramatically reduced, under the 1987 Montreal Protocol（蒙特利尔协议）, but some sources appear still to be functioning﹣﹣in 2018, unauthorized emissions were detected from some areas．New sources of ozone﹣depleting chemicals were not a factor in the hole observed in the Arctic, said Peuch．"However, this is a reminder that one should not take the Montreal Protocol measures for granted, and that observations from the ground and from satellites are central to avoid a situation where the ozone﹣destroying chemical level in the stratosphere could increase again．"（1）What is the possible meaning of the underlined word "depletion"？________A replacementB consumptionC increaseD production．（2）According to the passage，scientists are concerned about the hole because________．A it is expected to be a threat to the mankindB the new hole is caused by air pollution and greenhouse gas emissionsC it may encourage further scientific research and environmental awarenessD it warns us of an oncoming climate crisis．（3）What can be learned from the last two paragraphs？________A The hole over the Arctic shares the same causes as the one over theAntarctic． B Human activities are highly responsible for producing ozone﹣destroying chemicals． C The Montreal Protocol has successfully prevented newemissions． D Some new illegal emissions are to blame for the hole over the Arctic．．（4）The best title for the passage is probably________．A Record﹣size Hole Opens in Ozone Layer above the ArcticB Actions Urgently Needed for a New Hole in Ozone LayerC Environmental Disaster and International CooperationD How a Hole in Ozone Affects our Life on Earth．五、六选四7. People like to post their selfies （自拍照） on social media． To know more aboutit, scientists at Syracuse University in New York recently did a research and came up with some surprising findings．People who post selfies and use editing software to make themselves look better show behavior connected to narcissism （自恋）, the researchers said． Makana Chock, a professor from Syracuse University, said because social media is mostly used by people to share unimportant information about their lives, it is a good place for people to "work towards satisfying their own ________．" Those "likes" under their Facebook selfies make them feel good．Besides, people who post group selfies show a need for popularity and a need to belong to a group, the research found． Some people feel "peer（同伴）pressure" to post selfies and some follow the popular belief that if there is no picture of an event or experience, it did not really happen． "Anyway, it shouldn't be seen as negative． People get sense of satisfaction especially when they get likes． And it does no harm, " Chock said．Other findings from the study include: There are no major differences on how often men and women post selfies and how often they use editing software． But men who post selfies showed more of a need to be seen as popular than women who posted selfies．Chock said posting selfies on social media is not all that different from what people have done for many years． On trips and special events, our parents and grandparents used cameras instead of phones to take photos． They would bring back photos to show friends and family． You had no choice but to look at them． You probably commented about how nice everyone in the photos looked, especially children and the person showing the photos． They were happy to hear your comments． That was the old way of "clicking like"． On social media, however, people can decide not to look at photos ﹣﹣﹣ even if they click "like"．（1）What is the research mainly about？________A The ways of making people look better in selfies．B The reasons for people posting selfies on social media．C The differences between men and women in posting selfies．D The connections between posting selfies and mental health．．（2）What does the underlined word "vanity" in paragraph 2 probably mean？________A A deep desire to know about something．B A special need to be more popular．C Too much pride in one's own appearance．D Strong determination to improve oneself．．（3）What is Chock's attitude towards selfie posting？________A Ambiguous．B Cautious．C Disapproving．D Supportive．．（4）From the last paragraph， we know that the older generations showed their photos to friends and family________．A to win praise from viewersB to show off their camerasC to improve relationshipsD to share good moments．六、概要写作8. Directions：Read the following passage．Summarize the main idea and the main point （s）of the passage in no more than 60 words．Use your own words as far as possible．It's natural to feel the need to control something when everything around you feels out of control，and you feel helpless．When a friend of mine first heard about the coronavirus outbreak，she got down on her hands and knees and cleaned her kitchen floor．She told me，"My floor wasn't even dirty，but doing something constructive made me feel in control and that I was holding on to my power，despite the desperate circumstances．"Your most powerful weapon against uncertainty is your perspective because nobody and no situation can take that from you unless you give it away．Your perspective can victimize or empower you．When you look for the upside in a downside situation and figure out whatyou can control and what you can't，it's easier to accept whatever is beyond your control．七、汉译英9. Translation. 英汉互译。
1. Listening ComprehensionSection A Short ConversationsDirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At an airport B. In a hotel C. At a police station. D. At a restaurant2. A. At4:20 B. At4:40 C. At4:50. D. At4:303. A. Its price B. Its location C. Its comfort D. Its facilities4. A Employer and employ B. Husband and wifeC. Teacher and studentD. Patient and doctor5. A. To cancel his trip. B. To go to bed earlyC. To catch the later flightD. To ask for a morning call.6. A. Cathy already knows about the exhibit. B. Cathy has to act in a play.C. He did show her one of the signs.D. There will be an exhibit in the theatre.7. A. The critic has a very funny comment on the musicalB The woman agrees with the mans opinion of the musical.C. The woman has a very positive comment on the musical.D. The man and the woman differ in their opinion of the musical.8. A. David never likes to play tennis. B. David's unable to play tennis with them.C. David isn't a very good tennis player.D. David is in town for a game of tennis.9. A. Satisfied. B. Impatient. C. Exhausted. D. Amused.10. A. He wants to get a new job. B. He is asking the woman for help.C. He has left the woman a good impression. D He enjoys letter writing.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked questions on each of them. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. She wanted to have a garden similar to their neighbour's.B. Her husband would like to have a beautiful backyard.C. She was going to make the rented house her own home.D. The community required them to keep the backyard lovely.12. A. By getting involved in doing voluntary work.B. By picking up mails for their neighbours.C. By keeping an eye on their neighbours' children.D. By planting trees along the street with others.13. A. Her husband volunteered to work in the neighbourhood.B. They took on new responsibilities for their neighbours.C. She was planning to plant a new garden in the backyard.D. She enjoyed the relationship they built with the community.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. To find out what covers the Earth. B. To list all living things on Earth.C. To work out the number of birds.D. To save the existing plants.15. A. It is run by school students. B. It focuses on different types of grass.C. It provides different levels of information.D. It allows non-scientists to review its data.16. A. We may know just a small part of all the living creatures of Earth.B. We have learnt most of the living creatures on Earth.C. Only scientists can help to make the Encyclopedia of Life.D. It won't be long before scientists collect all the data they need.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. It is a club for people from different countries to socialize.B. It is a club for British people to socialize in Washington.C. It is a club for people from different countries to discuss business.D. It is a club which arranges for people from different countries to do sports together.18. A. Monday. B. Tuesday. C. Wednesday. D. Thursday.19. A. She can study and practise German free of charge.B. She can have a meal in a restaurant with anyone from different countries.C. She can communicate with all the sixty members at the moment.D. She doesn't need to pay for her first month in the club.20. A No activity is organized by International Friends Club on Wednesday.B. The woman came to America three months ago.C. International Friends Club organizes sports events for its members.D. If one wants to join in International Friends Club, he should fill in a form.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Time to End LonelinessUS author Henry Rollins once wrote: "Loneliness adds beauty to life. It puts a special burn on sunsets and makes night air smell better. Indeed, in the eyes of artists, loneliness never seems to go out of style. There are paintings that portray loneliness, songs that (21)_______ (inspire) by loneliness, and many works of literature that center around this theme.In the eyes of UK economist Rachel Reeves, however, loneliness is far from romantic. Instead, it's a "giant evil" that's become a serious problem in the country.On Jan 17, UK Prime Minister Theresa May appointed politician Tracey Crouch as the country’s very first "Minister for Loneliness". Her job is (22)______ (deal) with the loneliness that the country's been feeling—a problem which, according to UK government research, is affecting more than 9 million people in the country, and (23)______be more harmful to one's physical and mental health than smoking 15 cigarettes a day.Back in 2014, the UK was given the title of the "loneliness capital of Europe" by The Telegraph. A survey carried out by the newspaper found that British people were (24)______ (likely) to get to know their neighbours or build strong relationships with people than those from other European countries.But this doesn't mean it is the problem (25)_____ (affect) Britons only. In fact, were allsuffering from loneliness now more than ever, in spite of most of the world now being linked to the internet, (26)______ has enabled us to be more connected than ever.(27)________ we need, according to Kim Leadbetter, sister of the late UK politician Jo Cox, is to have "proper human connections"."Our lives nowadays are so busy. We spend the vast majority of our time on our phones, on our laptops. (28)_______ _______ _______ busy we are, we need to press pause on that and actually sit down and speak to human beings," Leadbetter said at an event last year.But the first steps toward (29)_______ (fight) this problem are to accept its existence and not be ashamed or frightened by it. After all, (30)______ loneliness, many beautiful paintings, songs, and literary works wouldn't even exist. Whether it is "evil" or not, being lonely is simply part of the experience of being humman.Section BDirection: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be usedRobots Writing NewspapersWhether it's robots working as hotel receptionists or artificial intelligence creating poetry, it's becoming more and more common to read about technology doing the jobs of humans. And now, it seems that software is even 31 of writing news stories—such as the very one you're reading.BBC News 32 reported that the Press Association(PA), a UK news service, has created a computer program that's competent to create articles that are almost impossible to tell apart from those written by human journalists. Called "robo-journalism" by BBC News, such software "teaches" itself by 33 thousands of news stories written by humans. The PA's software is already so advanced that many UK newspapers and websites publish articles created by it.According to the Reuters Institute of Journalism, many publishers are using robo-journalism to 34 interesting information quickly, from election results to official 35 on social issues. For example, US news organization The Washington Post has its own robo-journalism software, Heliograf.According to tech website Digiday, Heliograf "wrote" over 850 articles in 2017, as well as hundreds of social media 36 .So what does this mean for regular journalists? "We're naturally cautious about any technology that could replace human beings." Fredrick Kunkle, a Washington Post reporter, told Wired. "But this technology seems to have taken over only some of the work that nobody else wants to do."Indeed, it appears that robo-journalism software is 37 to help humans, rather than take away their jobs."In the future, Heliograf could do things like searching the web to see what people are talking about, checking The Washington Post to see if that story is being 38 , and, if not, alerting editors or just writing the piece itself, Wired reporter Joe Keoha wrote.However, Joshua Benton at Harvard university's Nieman Journalism Lab believes that while robo-journalism is 39 going to become more present in newsrooms, nothing can replace traditional human creativity."Good journalism is not just a matter of inputs and outputs, it is a craft that has developed over decades," he told BBC news."The really difficult part of what professional journalists do—carefully 40 information and presenting balanced, contextualized(全景式的) stones—will be very hard for machines to master."III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirection: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Why do some people live to be older than others? You know the standard 41 : keeping a moderate diet, engaging in regular exercise, etc. But what effect does your personality have on your longevity? Do some kinds of personalities 42 longer lives? A new study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society looked at this question by 43 the personality characteristics of 246 children of people who had lived to be at least 100.The study shows that those living the longest are more outgoing more 44 and less neurotic (神经质的) than other people, long-living women are also more likely to be sympathetic and cooperative than women with a(n) 45 life span. These findings are in agreement with what you would expect from the evolutionary theory: Those who like to make friends and help others can gather enough 46 to make it through tough times.Interestingly, 47 , other characteristics that you might consider advantageous had no impact on whether study participants were likely to live longer. Those who were more self-disciplined, 48 , were no more likely to live to be very old. Also, being 49 to new ideas had no relationship to long life, which might explain all those bad-tempered old people who are fixed in their ways.Whether you can successfully change your 50 as an adult is the subject of a longstanding psychological debate. But the new paper suggests that if you want long life, you should 51 to be as outgoing as possible.Unfortunately, another recent study shows that your mothers personality may also help 52 your longevity. That study looked at nearly 28, 000 Norwegian mothers and found that those moms who were more anxious, depressed and angry were more likely to feed their kids 53 diets, Patterns of childhood eating can be hard to break when we're adults, which may mean that kids of depressed moms end up dying younger.Personality isn't destin(命运), and everyone knows that individuals can learn to change. But both studies show that long life isn't just a matter of your physical health but of your mental health. Therefore, it might be 54 to form those personality traits contributing to longevity through health-related behaviours, stress reduction and 55 to the challenging problems.41. A. statements B. definitions C. applications D. explanations42. A. result from B. lead to C. rely on D. consist of43. A. assessing B. interviewing C. examining D. diagnosing44. A. active B. extensive C. persuasive D. sensitive45. A. agreeable B. normal C. changeable D. formal46. A. resources B. associations C. procedures D. interactions47. A. therefore B. however C. furthermore D. otherwise48. A. in other words B. as usual C. in addition D. for instance49. A. resistant B. open C. blind D. alert50. A. perspective B. ambition C. personality D. philosophy51. A. reject B. strive C. claim D. oppose52. A. extend B. restrict C. shorten D. determine53. A. unhealthy B. nutritious C. adequate D. moderate54. A. predictable B. advisable C. sustainable D. enjoyable55. A. temptation B. introduction C. adaptation D. objection Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.( A )One Friday morning, before Michael was leaving for work he told his wife that he had finally determined to ask his boss for a salary raise. All day Michael felt nervous and anxious as he thought about the upcoming showdown. What if Mr. Duncan refused to grant his request? Michael had worked so hard in the last 18 months and brought some great benefits to Braer and Hopkins Advertising Agency. Of course, he deserved a wage increase.The thought of walking into Mr. Duncan's office left Michael weak in the knees. Late in the afternoon he was finally courageous enough to approach his superior. To his delight and surprise, the ever- frugal (一惯节省的) Rowland Duncan agreed to give Michael a raise!Michael arrived home that evening-despite breaking all city and state limits-to a beautiful table set with their best china, and candles lit. His wife, Cassie, had prepared a delicate meal including his favourite dishes. Immediately he thought someone from the office had tipped her off!Next to his plate Michael found a beautiful lettered note. It was from his wife. It read: "Congratulations, my love! I knew you'd get the raise! I prepared this dinner to show just how much I love you. I am so proud of your accomplishments!" He read it and stopped to think about how sensitive and caring Cassie was.After dinner, Michael was on his way to the kitchen to get dessert when he observed that a second card had slipped out of Cassie's pocket onto the floor. He bent forward to pick it up. It read: "Don't worry about not getting the raise! You do deserve one! You are a wonderful provider and I prepared this dinner to show you just how much I love you even though you did not get the increase."Suddenly tears swelled in Michael's eyes. Total acceptance! Cassie's support for him was not conditional upon his success at work.The fear of rejection is often softened and we can undergo almost any setback or rejection when we know someone loves us regardless of our success or failure.56. What was Michaels plan that Friday?A. To find a job with the Braer and Hopkins Advertising Agency.B. To ask for a wage increase from his boss.C. To celebrate his success.D. To ask his boss to come for dinner.57. On his way back home, Michael______.A. felt weak in the kneesB. was punished by the traffic policemanC. was too anxious to share the news with his wifeD. couldn't wait to enjoy a meal58. Which of the following statements about the story is FALSE?A. Michael was afraid that his request would lead to a disaster.B. Michael had worked very hard and done his part for the company.C. Michael's boss agreed to his request.D. One of Michael's colleagues had told his wife the good news.59. According to the passage, which of the following can best describe Michael's wife, Cassie?A. Passionate, thoughtful and talented.B. Considerate, generous and reliable.C. Decisive, optimistic and energetic.D. Caring, tolerant and supportive.( B)Eight Days from just E399Departs May—October 2018Includes:●Return flights from 8 UK airports to Naples●Return airport to hotel transport●Seven nights' accommodation at the 3☆Hotel Nice●The services of guides●Government taxesJoin us for a wonderful holiday in one of Europe's most wonderful comers. Long a favourite with holidaymakers —indeed the ancient Romans called the area "happy land" —this simply attractive coastline of colourful towns, splendid views and the warm Mediterranean Sea is a perfect choice for a truly memorable holiday!Choose between the peaceful traditional village of Sant' Agata, set on a hillside six miles from Sorrento, or the more lively and well—known international resort town of Sorrento, with wonderful views over the Bay of Naples.Breathtaking scenery and famous sights everywhere. From the legendary Island of Capri to the haunting ruins of Pompeii and from the unforgettable "Amalfi Drive" to the delightful resorts of Positano, Sorrento and Ravello, the area is a feast for the eyes! Should you choose to join us, we know that you will not be disappointed!With a choice of hotels and optional excursions including Capri, Pompei and the "Amalfi Drive", this is a truly unmissable holiday.Price based on two tourists sharing a twin / double room at the Hotel Nice.Like to know more? Then telephone Newmarket Air Holidays Ltd on: 0845-226-7766(All calls charged at local rates).60. All the following are included in the price of ￡399 EXCEPT_______.A. transport between the airport and the hotelB. telephone calls made by touristsC. the services of guides to touristsD. double rooms for every two tourists61. What is the purpose of the author in writing the passage?A. To invite people to take a breath in the Bay of Naples.B. To advise people to telephone Newmarket Air Holidays Ltd.C. To persuade people to tour in the area of the Mediterranean Sea.D. To attract people to go to Sant' Agata or Sorrento for sightseeing.62. The underlined part "the area is a feast for the eyes" in the passage mean_______.A. the area is pleasing to the eyeB. the area is really unforgettableC. the area catches the tourists' eyeD. the area is crowded with tourists（ C ）"Monday morning feeling "could be a crushing pain in the chest which leaves you sweating and gasping for breath. Recent research from Germany and Italy shows that heart attacks are more common on Monday mornings and doctors blame the stress of returning to work after the weekend break.he risk of having a heart attack on any given day should be one in seven, but a six-year study helped by researchers at the Free University of Berlin of more than 2, 600 Germans revealed that the average person had a 20 percent higher chance of having a heart attack on a Monday than on any other day.Working Germans are particularly not protected against attack, with a 33 per cent higher risk at the beginning of the working week. Non-workers, by comparison, appear to be no more at risk on a Monday than any other day.A study of 11,000 Italians proved 8 am on a Monday morning as the most stressful time for the heart, and both studies showed that Sunday is the least stressful day, with fewer heart attacks in both countries.The findings could lead to a better understanding of what is the immediate cause of heart attacks, according to Dr. Stefan Willich of the Free University. "We know a lot about long-term risk factors such as smoking and cholesterol (胆固醇)but we don't know what actually causes heart attacks, so we can 't make specific recommendations about how to prevent them," he said.Monday mornings have a double helping of stress for the working body as it makes a rapid change from sleep to activity, and from the relaxing weekend to the pressures of work. "When people get up, their blood pressure and heart rate go up and there are hormonal(荷尔蒙的) changes in their bodies.” Willich explained. “All these things can have an unfavorable effect in the blood system and increase the risk of a clot(血凝块) in the arteries(动脉) which will cause a heart attack. "When people return to work after a weekend off, the pace of their life changes. They have a higher workload, more stress, more anger and more physical activity," said willich. "We need to know how these events cause changes in the body before we can understand if they cause heart attacks."But although it is tempting to believe that returning to work increases the risk of a heart attack, both Willich and the Italian researchers admit that it is only a partial answer. Both studies showed that the over 65s are also vulnerable on Monday morning even though most no longer work. The reason for this is not clear, but the Italian team speculated that the social interactions-the thought of facing another week and all its pressures—may play a part.What is clear, however, is that the Monday morning peak seems to be consistent from the northern Germany to southern Italy in spite of the differences in diet and lifestyle.63. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. 20% of the Italians appear to have higher possibility of having heart attacks.B. 33% of the Germans have heart diseases, so heart attacks are more common in Germanythan in any other country.C. The risk of having heart attacks on Monday mornings is the same as on any other day ofthe week to non-workers.D. non-smokers are more likely to have heart attacks on Sundays.64. The over 65s are more likely to suffer from heart attacks on Monday mornings possiblybecause ______.A. they are afraid of returning to workB. they are reluctant to face the pressures of another weekC. most of them are not in good healthD. they are much busier on Mondays than on any other days of the week65. In the following research, Dr. Willich will probably try to find out______.A. if smoking and cholesterol will cause heart attackB. if increase in blood pressure, heart rate and hormonal changes will cause heart attacksC. on which day people are least likely to have a heart attackD. if events like higher workload, more stress and so on will cause heart attacks.66. What is the best title for the passage?A. Causes of Heart Attacks on Mondays.B. Warning: Mondays Are Bad for Your Heart.C. The Overweight and Smokers Risk Heart Attacks on Mondays.D. Reduce Your Chance of Having Heart Attacks on Mondays.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.You won't have any excuse to skip class anymore. French startup Open Classrooms is offering the first state-recognized bachelor degree in France that uses only MOOCs(massive open online courses). The startup partnered with IESA Multimedia to create this program.There are three learning paths in engineering, design and marketing Students will have to complete all the courses and required projects in order to get their degree. 67 IESA is already working on 40 different MOOCS for this program.On average, it will take a year of hard work in order to complete all the classes. As always, it's hard to keep going when you sign up for a MOOC. 68This kind of degree has many key advantages. For IESA, it gives the school more students. IESA is a private school, and its end goal is to make as much money as possible. So with these new Mooc students, IESA will be able to get more money per teacher on average.69 The startup already offers a course for e20 per month, but you need to pay E300 per month for the Premium Plus offering to use the state-recognized program. it's unclear how much Open Classrooms will keep, but it should be more than €20 per month.For students, it's a cheaper way to get a degree. Maybe you can't afford to study for three years at IESA and pay €6,950 per year.70 Sure, it's probably a less enjoyable experience than going to your school and spending time with other students and teachers, but it makes sense forsome students.It's an interesting new direction for Open Classrooms, and I can't wait to see whether other schools will start working with the startup to provide online courses. It will be interesting to see whether the first students are satisfied with this kind of degree as well.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.The sharing economy has grown in recent years to include everything from apartment sharing to car sharing to community tool sharing.Since 2009, a new form of the sharing economy has been emerging in neighbourhoods throughout the US and around the world - Little Free Libraries. The libraries are boxes put in neighbourhoods from which local people can take out and put in books. Little Free Libraries come in all shapes and sizes. Some libraries also have themes, focusing on books for children, adults or tour guides.In 2009, Tod Bol built the first Little Free Library in the Mississippi River town of Hudson, Wisconsin, to honour his mother, who loved reading. When he saw the people of his community gathering around it, exchanging conversation as well as books, he knew he wanted to take his simple idea further.Since then, his idea has become a movement, spreading from state to state and country to country. According to LittleFreelibrary. org. there are now 18,000 of the little boxes around the world, found in each of the 50 US states and 70 countries in Europe, Africa and Asia.The Internet has helped to spread Little Free Libraries. But an Atlantic article said that they are something different in a world of e-reader downloads. The little wooden boxes are refreshingly physical and human. when you open the door of the box, chance and your neighbours' tastes determine what you'll find. You might find a graphic novel, a cookbook or a tour guidebook.For many people, this sense of discovery is Little Free Libraries main appeal. "A girl walking home from school might pick up a graphic novel that gets her excited about reading, a man on his way to the bus stop might find a book of poetry that changes his view on life, said The Atlantic article. "Every book is a potential source of inspiration."V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.与家人外出度假日益受到人们的推崇。
奉贤区中考英语质量抽查试卷Part 1 Listening（第一部分听力）I. Listening Comprehension（听力理解）A. Listen and choose the right picture（根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片）9. A. For 4 hours. B. For 5 hours. C. For 1 hour. D. For 2 hours.10. A. At home. B. In her office.C. In her children's school.D. On her way home.11. A. $ 45. B. $ 35. C. $ 25. D. $ 15.12. A. The main unit doesn't work. B. The screen is broken.C. The keyboard is broken.D. The monitor doesn't work.13. A. Wash hands. B. Wear masks.C. Get the relatives together.D. Stay at home.14. A. I can feel them. B. I can see them. C. I can tough them. D. I can get ill.C. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false（判断下列句子是否符合你听到的内容，符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示。
）15. "OK" was only a joke when it was first introduced to the world.16. "OK" was used to express that people were in good health.17. "OK" is a short phrase that makes people understand clearly.18. "OK" can be used when people consider it difficult to reach in agreement.19. There are many ways of spelling "OK": okay, ok, and O. K so they all sound the difference.20. No matter where you go, as long as you are saying "OK" with the gestures, people around the world will understand you.D. Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences（听短文，完成下列内容，每空格限填一词）21. A poor boy who paid his way through school by ________ ________ door to door begged fora meal.22. A poor boy asked for a glass of water, but a lovely young lady who thought he ________________ brought him a large glass of milk instead.23. Years later, the poor boy named Howard Kelly became a famous doctor but the young lady was ________ ________ and sent to a hospital in a big city.24. Howard Kelly recognized the young lady at once and gave her ________ ________ to save her life.25. Howard Kelly asked the hospital to pass the lady's ________ ________ on to him and wrote down the following words "Paid in full with a glass of milk" on the side.Part 2 Phonetics, Grammar and Vocabulary（第二部分语音、语法和词汇）Ⅱ. Choose the best answer （选择最恰当的答案）26. Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation?A. rainB. captainC. chainD. mail27. -- Would you like to open the window for me?-- It's a little windy outside and I have ________ headache problem.A. aB. anC. theD. /28. - Where is the nearest post office from your school?-- It is ________ the corner of JieFang Road.A. toB. inC. atD. by29. -- Which colour do you like better, yellow or green?-- I'm afraid ________. I think red is the best!A. bothB. eitherC. neitherD. none30. Linda, what ________ will you need for your speech?A. exhibitionB. experimentC. exchangeD. equipment31. I hope it won't be ________ trouble if I change it. In fact, I prefer the blue one.A. manyB. muchC. littleD. few32. More and more people choose the style of a low-carbon life and the air is getting much ________ than before in Shanghai.A. worseB. greenerC. cleanerD. warmer33. My aunt doesn't care about me any more, she ________ calls me.A. almostB. exactlyC. hardlyD. nearly34. We believe we are ________ what we do, no matter how we feel.A. unaware ofB. sorry forC. independent onD. responsible for35. As I'm busy with my assignment, you ________ have your private time in your own room.A. mustB. canC. needD. should36. While my mother ________ some shopping yesterday, she happened to meet an old friend of hers.A. didB. was doingC. would doD. had done37. -- Look at the clouds in summer twilight（黄昏）! They are so beautiful.-- Yeah. The beauty ________ ten minutes.A. lastedB. lastsC. has lastedD. will last38. During this special time, the way people ________ each other has changed, we don't shake hands or hug any longer.A. greetB. acceptC. recognizeD. help39. It's a pity that some students waste energy ________ on line.A. to chatB. chattingC. chatD. to chatting40. Remember how you allowed me ________ for dance and music lesson.A. enterB. enteringC. to enteringD. to enter41. One of the multi-function（多功能）gloves was invented by a junior 3 student in Suzhou. ________ amazing creation it is!A. WhatB. What aC. What anD. How42. ________ he had a good start, I made my effort to run after him at last.A. WhenB. BecauseC. IfD. Though43. It's too early. I don't think the ticket office is open ________ nine.A. beforeB. atC. untilD. since44. -- Today, I met a classmate I haven't seen for many years!-- ________________________________.A. Enjoy yourselvesB. What a surpriseC. CongratulationsD. It doesn't matter45. -- I'd like to see Professor Li, please. ________________________________?-- You've just missed him.A. Is he availableB. What's wrong with himC. Does he agreeD. What's he doingⅡ. Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each can only be used once（将下列单词填入空格。
2020届上海格致中学奉贤校区高三英语二模试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AJuanito Estrella has been a housekeeping manager on the US-based large passenger ship Carnival Spirit for 18 months and feels he has found the suitable position in his career(职业). He has always wanted to travel. “I guess I am a really restless spirit.I like traveling, so when the chance came, I jumped at it,” he says.The chance came in the form of a newspaper advertisement for work on cruise ships（游船）. At the time Estrella was the housekeeping manager at a Melbourne hotel. He applied and, after two interviews, a medical check and police clearance, the job was his.Estrella is responsible(负责的)for the cleanliness of the ship, making sure that 160 crew work properly. “I enjoy it because there is no other work-you wake up each day in a different place anda different culture. It’s exciting when you go to the next country and you don’t understand the language,” he says.Estrella likes being busy and getting to know people from all over the world. The 1,000 crew come from 94 countries, and Estrella has learnt Spanish and a little Croatian.But there is adownside. “You cannot get really drunk...because you have safety responsibilities to yourself and others,” he says. “You don’t really think about home.You start to think about home only when you get closer to your vacation and wonder what you’ll be doing.”Life on the ship is anything but cruising. Estrella and his fellows work at least 10 hours a day, seven days a week. He warns the job is not for everybody. “You have to love being busy and be prepared to work every day-and to give up drinking too much alcohol.” In his spare time, if the ship sails into a port, Estrella explores it, otherwise he works out in the crew’s gym, goes on the internet or calls home.1.Which of the following is true?A.He has been a housekeeping manager for 18 months.B.He doesn’t drink wine now.C.He cannot speak a foreign language.D.He used to be a housekeeping manager.2.The underlined word“downside”in paragraph 5 probably means ________ .A.disappointmentB.disadvantageC.failureD.loss3.In the last paragraph, the writer thinks that life on the ship is ________.A.not a tiring journey at allB.just an interesting voyageC.far from a voyage for pleasureD.more than a pleasant travel by seaBIn the past, most people received their news from newspapers, magazines, radio and TV. But now, almost anyone can report and publish on the Internet and share it as news through social media. But the problemis that not all of the information is true and not all of the reporting is trustworthy.Howard Schneider, a former editor of the newspapersNewsday,started the Center for News Literacy (素养) at Stony Book University in 2007. The center has multiple projects, but the most famous one is a course to teach news literacy. The course trains students to look for various details that may indicate the truth of the story.Michelle Sheng is a third-year student at theUniversityofMichigan. Sheng finds that students either just stop reading the news or only take news from one source that they trust. "A lot of people are tired of the news. People are too busy to keep up with the news, and it is really easy to take whatever news is given to you because you don’t have the time to figure it out yourself,“ she says.For her part, Sheng recently created a digital exhibit for the university library of images to educate students on steps they can take to better analyze the news.It is important to educate an even larger audience, beyond American university students. The Center for News Literacy has developed teaching resources, as well as a free online news literacy course. It is also trying to reach a younger audience. It has partnered with several secondary schools in the American state ofNew Yorkto teach news literacy.People should research and confirm what they read online. However, to change human behavior is a difficult thing, but that really is the only thing that is going to help. The biggest problem is not getting people to be able to recognize bad journalism or false news, but getting people to want to recognize it. Our brains are wired to the Internet to seek out information that agrees with our current beliefs.4. What’s purpose of the course “News Literacy”？A. To get rid of false information on the Internet.B. To make people realize the risk on the Internet.C. To train students to tell true information from the false.D. To teach students good habits of using information online.5. Why do students have difficulty judging the truth of news?A. They are too lazy.B. They are bored with news.C. They lack news resources.D. They lack time to check its realness.6. What does the Center try to do besides teaching university students?A. Educate the public.B. Improve the service online.C. Prevent children going online.D. Set up several secondary schools.7. What did the author suggest doing to solve the problem of false news?A. Believing whatever you see.B. Changing human behaviors.C. Questioning all the news online.D. Only trusting reliable information.CIt’s a big change from homeless teen to Yale (耶鲁)medical school student, butperseverancepaid off for Chelesa Fearce of Clayton County, Georgia.Fearce was a fourth grader when her mom was diagnosed (诊断) with Lymphoma (淋巴瘤).That began a hard time for the family. They had to move in and out of shelters,hotels and even the family car.“I know I have been made stronger. I was homeless. My family slept on the floor and we were lucky if we got more than one full meal a day. Getting a shower, food and clean clothes was an everyday struggle,” Fearce said in a speech she gave at her high school graduation ceremony. Fearce overcame her day-to-day struggles by focusing on a better day. “I just told myself to keep working, because the future will not be like this anymore. And that helped me get through,” she told WSBTV.Fearce was determined to be a good role model for her younger sister. She found inspiration in her late grandmother, struggling with deadly diseases, who gave Fearce emotional support. In her junior and senior year, Fearce took both high school and college courses, missing out on the free meals she depended on so she could get to her college classes. Despite having to use her cellphone to study after the shelter lights were turned off at night, she not only graduated as valedictorian (毕业生代表) of her 2013 class with a 4.5 grade average, but was alsogiven a ride scholarship—including a meal plan to Spelman College in Atlanta.After graduation, she worked full time for two years at the National Institutes for Health inBethesda,Maryland,doing research on drugs. Last fall, she entered Yale and set a course to earn both a PhD and medical degree.8. What does the underlined word “perseverance” in paragraph 1 refer to?A. instant passion.B. continuous efforts.C. great patience.D. selfless ambitions.9. How did Fearce feel facing the sufferings?A. Sad and disappointed.B. Stressed and defeated.C. Determined and confident.D. Joyous and contented.10. What can we know about Fearce’s learning experience?A. Her grandma encouraged her to study medicine.B. Her high school offered her free meals and courses.C. She failed to study late due to frequent power cut.D. She gained remarkable high school achievement.11. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. From Homeless to YaleB. Meet American’s Top GirlC. Disabled but not DefeatedD. Chelesa Fearce: A Girl of Many TalentsDJennifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical college student to pursue her goal of earning a nursing degree. That willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire and became the first in her large family to earn a bachelor's(学士) degree.Jennifer grew up on a farm in a family of 10 children. Her dad worked at a job away from the farm, and her mother ran the farm with the kids. After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition(学费), because there was no extra money set aside for a college education. After graduation, she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay for their schooling.Jennifer now is married and has three children of her own. She decided to go back to college to advance her career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves: nursing. She chose theUW-Eau Claire program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home. She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids. Jennifer received great support from her family as she worked to earn her degree: Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills, and her 68-year-old mother helped take care of the children at times.Through it all, she remained in good academic standing and graduated with honors. Jennifer sacrificed(牺牲) a lot to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study. “Some nights my heart was breaking to have to pick between my kids and studying for exams or papers,” she says. However, her children have learned animportant lesson, witnessing their mother earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and an inspiration to her family—and that's pretty powerful.12. What did Jennifer do after high school?A. She helped her dad with his work.B. She ran the family farm on her own.C. She taught her sisters and brothers.D. She supported herself through college.13. Why did she choose the program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital?A. To learn from the best nurses.B. To take care of her kids easily at night.C. To save money for her parents.D. To find a well-paid job there.14. What did Jennifer sacrifice to achieve her goal?A. Her health.B. Her chance of promotion.C Her reputation. D. Her time with family.15. What can we learn from Jennifer's story?A. Hard work pays off.B. Love breaks down barriers.C. Time is money.D. Education is the key to success.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届上海市奉贤中学高三英语第二次联考试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AYou haven’t truly visited a city until you’ve experienced its nightlife. Watching a big city likeLondongradually turn dark and darker into the night is a beautiful journey of time and light. So how about taking a historical evening walk and touchingsome of the nicest areas in centralLondon? Let’s get started.6:30 pmThe walk starts on theMillenniumBridge. On the bridge, watch the scenic city across the River Thames with the skyscrapers gradually lighting up against the darkening skies.TheMillenniumBridgehas been featured in many London-based films, includingHarry Potter, and the filmGuardians of the Galaxy.7:30 pmIt’s getting dark. A fifteen-minute walk northwest fromSt Paul’s Cathedral takes you to the historic Borough Market. During the evenings, you find a lot of restaurants around the market. This is an excellent time to get your dinner.9:00 pmThe next stop isLondonBridge. This is about 6 minutes’ walk from the Borough Market. As you join other onlookers and mentally go through the nursery school rhyme of “LondonBridgeis Falling Down”, you get lost again in history. Why does the song sayLondonBridgeis falling and who is the fair lady?During theLondoncity fire of 1897,LondonBridgeserved an important role in fire control. It was one of the major structures that prevented the fire from crossing over to the other side ofLondon.11:30 pmLondonnever sleeps; it’s a few minutes to midnight and everywhere is still filled with people moving around. About four minutes away from the Golden Jubilee Bridges isTrafalgar Square, our next stop.12:00 amIt’s been a beautiful evening, hasn’t it?1. Where can you visit aGuardians of the Galaxyfilming location?A. In theSt Paul’s Cathedral.B. On theMillenniumBridge.C. In the Borough Market.D. On the Golden Jubilee Bridges.2. What can be learned about the Borough Market?A. It is far fromLondonBridge.B. It is related to a famous song.C. It is an ideal place for dinner.D. It is a modern open-air market.3. What is the main purpose of the text?A. To showLondon’s color1 ful culture.B. To introduce the scenery inLondon.C. To ask people to do outdoor activities.D. To recommend a night tour inLondon.BMost teenagers are still trying to find their passion and purposes in life. However, not Gitanjali Rao. The 15-year-old girl has been coming up with innovative solutions to worldwide problems since she was ten. It is, therefore, not surprising that the teenager has won the honor of “America's Top Young Scientist”.In the third grade, Rao was inspired to build a device after witnessing the shocking story unfold in Flint, Michigan, where cost-cutting measures led to the use of a polluted river as the city's primary water supply and incredibly high levels of lead made their way into people's drinking water.After two months' research, Rao designed a small and portable device that used sensors to instantly detect lead in water. Called Tethys, after the Greek Goddess(女神) of freshwater, it attaches to a cellphone and informs the residents via an app if their drinking water contains lead. The design earned her the 3M Young Scientist Challenge in 2017. She is currently working with scientists and medical professionals to test Tethys' potential and hopes the device will be ready for commercial use by 2022.Later, Rao took on another social issue-drug addiction. Her app, called Epione, which won the Health Pillar Prize at the TCS Ignite Innovation Student Challenge in May 2019, is designed to catch drug addiction in young adults before it's too late.More recently, the teenager has developed an app named Kindly, which usesartificial intelligence technology to detect possible signs of cyberbullying(网上欺凌). When users type in a word or phrase, Kindly is able to pick it up if it's bullying, and then it gives the option to edit it or send it the way it is. It gives them the chance to rethink what they are saying so that they know what to do next time.All kinds of awesome, Gitanjali Rao has been selected from 5,000 equally impressive nominees(被提名人) for TIME Magazine's first-ever “Kid of the Year”.4. What gave Rao the idea of inventing the device Tethys?A. The incident of lead pollution.B. The issue with drug addiction.C. The shortage of water supplies.D. The high cost of purifying water.5. What is Rao expecting of Tethys?A. It'll remove metal from water.B. It'll make it to market soon.C. It'll win her a higher prize.D. It'll be fitted to cellphones.6. What will Kindly allow users to do?A. Receive pre-warning signals of threat.B. Input words into a computer automatically.C. Choose from secure social networking sites.D. Weigh their words before posting them online.7. Which of the following can best describe Gitanjali Rao as a young scientist?A. Ambitious and humble.B. Optimistic and adventurous.C. Talkative and outstanding.D. Creative and productive.CIt was the first day of spring here but it didn't feel like it. The COVID-19 epidemic (流行病) was sweeping the globe and everywhere there were feelings of fear and loneliness. “Social Distancing” had become the new norm. Here the schools had been closed, the restaurant dining rooms had been shut, and people had been told to work from home whenever they could. Even the sheltered workshop where my oldest son worked had been closed until further notice. People had made a run on the stores and large areas of the shelves were bare. On the news the numbers of the sick and dead continued to rise. It felt like there was a weight on the souls of everyone in the world.My family were staying at home as much as possible and as I looked out of my window I wondered how long this crisis would last. It was then, however, that I saw something that lifted that weight off of my soul, made me smile, and made my heart feel happy again. On the street below my house there was an old friend of mine from high school who was a teacher there. With him was my younger son's former aide from the high school as well.They were delivering the school lunches door to door to the hungry children who were stuck at home. Watching them made me think of something everyone's childhood television neighbor, Mr. Roger's once said: "In the bad times, always look for the helpers."I have no doubt that this crisis will pass as all the crisis before. But it is our choice on whether it brings out the best in us or the worst in us. Let it bring out the best in you. Use it to strengthen your faith. Use it to free yourself from fear. Use it to grow kinder, more giving, and more loving. Become a helper to all those in need and you will be a happy person today and all the days to come.8. Why didn't the author like the first day of spring?A. He had to work at home instead of at office.B. There wasn't social distance between each other.C. There was an epidemic everywhere in the world.D. His own company had been closed for a long time.9. How did people feel in the face of the epidemic?A. Disappointed.B. TenseC. Confident.D. Cheerful.10. What made the author happy?A. Seeing someone delivering lunches from door to door.B. Talking with his old friend in the street.C. Watching a childhood television at home.D. Staying together with his family.11. What do Mr. Roger's words actually mean?A. It's not necessary for us to find helpers in bad times.B. In good times we needn't do much to help others.C. We should ask more people to help us in bad times.D. We are supposed to help each other in bad times.DWhen I was 9, we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived atHeathrow, London on a gray January morning. Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my beloved beaches and endless blue—sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place. Until I made a discovery.Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing .I loved it. I soon made friends with the local skaters. We spoke ourown language. And my favorite: Safe. Safe meant cool. It meant hello. It meant don't worry about it. Once, when trying a certain trick on the beam（横杆）, I fell onto the stones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came over, helping me up: Safe, man. Safe. A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud, shouting: “Safe! Safe! Safe!” And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater.When I was 15, my family moved to Washington. I tried skateboarding there, but the locals were far less welcoming. Within a couple of years, I'd given it up.When I returned to London in 2004, I found myself wandering down to Southbank, spending hours there. I've traveled back several times since, most recently this past spring. The day was cold but clear: tourists and Londoners stopped to watch theskaters. Weaving（穿梭）among the kids who rushed by on their boards, I found my way to the beam. Then a rail—thin teenager, in a baggy white T—shirt, skidded（滑）up to the beam. He sat next to me. He seemed not to notice the man next to him. But soon I caughta few of his glances. “I was a local here 20 years ago,” I told him. Then, slowly, he began to nod his head. “Safe, man. Safe.”“Yeah,” I said. “Safe.”12. What can we learn about the author soon after he moved to London?A. He felt disappointed.B. He gave up his hobby.C. He liked the weather there.D. He had disagreements with his family.13. What do the underlined words “Safe! Safe! Safe!” probably mean?A. Be careful!B. Well done!C. No way!D. Don't worry!14. Why did the author like to spend time in Southbank when he returned to London?A. To join the skateboarding.B. To make new friends.C. To learn more tricks.D. To relive his childhood days15. What message does the author seem to convey in the text?A. Children should learn a second language.B. Sport is necessary for children's health.C. Children need a sense of belongingD. Seeing the world is a must for children.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届上海市奉城中学高三英语二模试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AConsumer Electronics Show (CES) is a global stage where the world’s next-generation inventions are introduced towards the marketplace, and lots of companies are participating. Here are several of the amazing inventions that were introduced at the showin 2020.August Wi-Fi Smart LockIt's an intelligent door lock to protect your home, and it works on Wi-Fi. The lock doesn’t require any additional hardware to attach to it and can be used with the existing door lock. The owner can remotely access the door from anywhere to lock or unlock and can provide guest keys to family or friends. It keeps statistics and records of your door’s “lock”, “unlock”, and who have visited.Motion PillowIt’s a pillow developed for anyone who has a snoring (打鼾) problem. The solution box detects, records, and analyses the sleeping person’s snoring patterns. By changing the internal airbag’s pressure, it fixes the position of the sleeping person’s neck and head gently to improve his breathing. Three layers of noise-reducing material minimize the user’s sleeping disturbance.Ao AirIt’s a high-tech face-covering wearable air purifier with no tight seal on the mouth and nose. The purifier pulls air inside through a filtration (过滤) process and uses fans to createa clean area in front of the device. It’s designed in such a way that it can clean more than 98 % of PM2.5 through filtration.Transparent HoodThe company Continental showed off this revolutionary invention at CES 2020 that got the Best Vehicle Intelligence and Transportation Award. It’s a technology that gives the driver the ability to see barriers and blind spots from the driving seat. Four cameras take surrounding pictures so that the driver can see the real-time blind spots and prevent even parking damage too.1.Who is the text mainly intended for?A.The general public.B.The science lovers.C.The electronic companies.D.The college students.2.Which of the following descriptions of Motion pillow is correct?A.It’s intended for all those who can’t sleep well.B.It can help sleepers breathe smoothly.C.It can remove the noise around to help people sleep.D.Its pressure is changed by sleepers themselves.3.What can we infer from the text?A.August Wi-Fi Smart Lock helps improve the safety of homes.B.Ao Air produces fresh air for its users.C.Motion Pillow reduces material to minimize sleeping disturbance.D.Transparent Hood helps make driving safer and easier.BIn May this year, as part of our 150th anniversary, we asked readers aged between18 and 25 to enter an essay competition. The task was to tell us, in no more than 1,000 words, what scientific advance they would most like to see in their lifetimes, and why it mattered to them.The response was phenomenal: we received 661 entries. Some entrants hoped that science would make their lifetimes much longer than they can currently expect. Many looked forward to work that will end climate change. Others wanted to see advances in our understanding of human history, crop growth, space exploration, and medical technologies. The ideas were inspiring.The winner is a compelling essay by Yasmin Ali, a PhD student at the University of Nottingham, UK. Ali submitted a piece on Beethoven, her brother’s hearing loss and the science which she hoped would one day cure it. It stood out to the judges as a reminder of why many scientists do research: to make the world better tomorrow than it is today.All essays were judged by a group of Nature editors. The top ten submissions were then ranked by three members of a separate judging group: Magdalena Skipper, editor-in-chief of Nature; Faith Osier, a researcher; and Jess Wade, a physicist. All submissions were kept anonymous throughout the process.We also selected two runners-up(非冠军的获奖者).Physicist Robert Schittkoat Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts, proposes that nuclear fusion(核聚变) could offer a solution to the climate crisis, in a piece that effortlessly mixes grand ambition with gentle humour. And chemist Matthew Zajac at the University of Chicagoin Illinois wrote a powerful personal account of why he wants to see advances in the field of same-sex reproduction.The results show that today’s young scientists have a wealth of ideas, talent and conviction that research can transform their world. We look forward to seeing what they do next.4. What’s the essay competition about?A. The scientific expectation.B. The fantastic scientific ideas.C. The dreams of future life.D. The celebration of anniversary.5. Why Yasmin Ali was chosen the winner?A. She showed great talent in music.B. She found the cure for the loss of hearing.C. She appealed for people to care about hearing loss problem.D. She reminded people to remember the meaning of science development.6. What can we learn about the result of the essay competition?A. Robert Schittko won the second place.B. There were two winners in the essay competition.C. Matthew Zajac presented his view of same-sex reproduction.D. The two runners-up were selected for the same field they chose.7. What isthe author’s attitude to the competitors’ ideas about science expectations?A. Doubtful.B. Favorable.C. Impossible.D. Ignorant.CI was checking out at the supermarket counter on Wednesday night, ready to pay for my bananas, when all ofa sudden, fear came upon me. My wallet was gone. And I could only have left it one place: the G9 bus, from which I had gotten off minutes earlier and which was now speeding to some stops. The moment of realizing it was gone was followed by mental math. How much time and money would it cost to replace the credit cards, the driver's license, the expensive lipstick ($ 55!).Two hours after I was back at my house, I heard a knock on the door. My husband answered while I sat in the dining room on the phone with a credit card company. "Does Jennifer live here?" I heard someone say. In her handwas my wallet, without a penny missing. She left before I could offer my gratitude to her.After I posted the story, I heard from her boyfriend, who identified the good citizen as Erin Ball, a 26-year-old girl working for a trade organization.Once I figured out her, I called to thank her. She said she spotted my wallet and thought that it's more dangerous to go to a stranger's house than leaving the wallet with the driver, but she still decided to take the chance. "If I were in that situation, I would want someone to try to find me," she said. Ball doesn't find her actions particularly excellent. She added, "It's not hard to do small things for people."After Ball found my wallet, she decided to post a picture of my driver's license online before going to my house, trying to see if anyone knew me. No sooner had she left my doorstep than I got emails from two neighbors who recognized my face, both offering to help me find my missing property.Ball found my house on a bitterly cold night for which I was extremely grateful. Looking back, I'm not surprised someone had wanted to help a stranger. A warm current of honesty and harmony is running through this town.8. What do we know about the author according to paragraph 1?A. She missed the G9 bus.B. She paid for her bananas.C. She replaced the credit cards.D. She found she had left her wallet on the bus.9. Who helped the author find Ball?A. The G9 driver.B. The girl's boyfriend.C. The author's neighbors.D. The author's husband.10. What did Ball do first after finding the wallet?A. Ball called the author.B. Ball went to the author's house.C. Ball gave the wallet to the bus driver.D. Ball posted a photo of the author's driving license.11. Which of the following best describes Erin Ball?A. Humorous and kind.B. Generous and demanding.C. Honest and warm-hearted.D. Caring and outgoing.DOne billion people in the world are short of water. How can this problem be solved. Some suggestions have been to desalinate ocean water or to build enormous water pipelines from areas where water is abundant. (Suggestions such as these prove extremely expensive when they are actually used.) One possibility that scientists are considering is pulling icebergs from either the North Pole or the South Pole to parts of the world with a water shortage. Although many questions must be answered before such a project could be tried, moving icebergs seems a reasonable possibility in the future.Engineers, mathematicians, and glaciologists from a dozen countries have been considering the iceberg as a future source of water. Saudi Arabia is particularly interested in this project because it has a great water shortage. Scientists estimate that it would take 128 days to transport a large iceberg (about 1/2 square mile) to Saudi Arabia. Yet the iceberg would be completely melted by the 104th day. Therefore, insulation would be essential, but how to insulate the iceberg remains an unsolved problem.The problems in transporting an iceberg are numerous. The first problem is choosing the iceberg to pull. The icebergs that form in the North Pole are quite difficult to handle because of their shape. Only a small portion extends above the water — most of the iceberg is below the surface, which would make it difficult to pull. South Pole icebergs, on the other hand, are flat and float like table tops. Thus they would be much easier to move.How can a 200-million-ton iceberg be moved. No ship is strong enough to pull such enormous weight through the water. Perhaps several ships could be used. Attaching ropes to an iceberg this size is also an enormous problem. Engineers think that large nails or long metal rods could be driven into the ice. What would happen if the iceberg splits into several pieces during the pulling. Even if an iceberg with very few cracks were chosen, how could it be pulled through stormy waters. Furthermore, once the iceberg reached its destination, very few ports would be deep enough to store it.All of these problems must be solved before icebergs can become a reasonable source of water. Yet scientists estimate that it will be possible to transport them in the near future. Each year, enough icebergs form to supply the whole world with fresh water for a full year. In addition, icebergs are free and nonpolluting. As a solution to the world’s water problems, icebergs may be a workable possibility.12. What is a problem in transporting iceberg?A. The size of the iceberg.B. The colour of the iceberg.C. The salt in the iceberg.D. The movement of air and water.13. What is the author’ attitude towards transporting iceberg?A. Pessimistic.B. Objective.C. Optimistic.D. Unconcerned.14. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?A. It is hard to use iceberg.B. Iceberg are a good choice.C. There are problems with iceberg.D. Man finds no other ways to solve water shortage.15. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Shortage of water.B. Icebergs for water.C. Scientists and icebergs.D. Iceberg—scientists headache.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020年上海市奉城中学高三英语二模试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThe Costa Book Awards consistently pick winners that are both of the moment and subsequently endure. It's our pleasure to confirm this year’s Category Winners.First Novel Award WinnerBook: Eleanor Oliphant is Completely FineAuthor: Gail HoneymanEleanor is 31 years old; work finishes on a Friday and begins again on a Monday. Between, her only company will be two bottles of vodka and her own solitary, unique wit (机智). It is contentment, of a kind, but an unexpected shared experience suddenly opens the door to possibility. Challenging reader expectations with a living, breathing character, Gail Honeyman’s debut (初次登台、开张)is a funny and moving diamond.Biography Award WinnerBook: In the Days of RainAuthor: Rebecca StottThe Exclusive Brethren were aclosed community who believed the world is ruled by Satan. Into this is born Rebecca. Her father had been an influential Brethren Minister. As her father lay dying, he begged her to help him write the memoir. He wanted to tell the story of their family who for generations had all been members of a fundamentalist Christian sect.Poetry Award WinnerBook: Inside the WaveAuthor: Helen DunmoreTo be alive is to be inside the wave, always travelling until it breaks and is gone. These poems are concerned with the borderline between the living and the dead — the underworld and the human living world – and the acutely intense being of both.Children's Award WinnerBook:The ExplorerAuthor: Katherine Rundell, Hannah HornFour children survive their aircraft plunging into the Amazon jungle, but for Fred and his friends it’s only the beginning of a cruel battle for survival. Brimming with adventure and a real command of character and incident, Rundell has few peers in superb children's fiction.1.What kind of life does Eleanor lead?A.boring and lonely.B.funny and touching.C.exciting and complex.D.ordinary and happy.2.Why did Rebecca Stott writeIn the Days of Rain?A.To introduce beliefs of the Exclusive Brethren.B.To help her father fulfill his last wish.CTo share the life of fundamentalist Christians.D.To pass on her family traditions.3.For a young adventurous soul, which book seems more appealing?A.Eleanor Oliphant is Completely FineB.In the Days of RainC.Inside the WaveD.The ExplorerB36-year-old Juan Dual likes to joke that he’s empty inside. Juan’s story began when he was only 13. It was then that he was diagnosed with a terrible disease, which left him with a 99.8% chance of developing cancer of the digestive system. At age 19, right after finishing high-school, Juan underwent a tough operation to take away his colon and rectum. Sadly, it was only the beginning. By age 28, Juan’s disease had affected his stomach and gallbladder so he had to go under the knife again.Having just recovered from several serious surgeries, Juan Dual decided to accept the invitation of some friends of his parents and travel to Japan. It was there that things started to change for the better. He didn’t speak a word of Japanese, so he spent most of his time walking his dog. One day, the dog pulled harder, and Juan realized that he was still able to jog, and he started to do just that.Months later, he found himself working in a small, peaceful town in England. There was little in terms of entertainment, but the town was surrounded by hills, so he devoted even more of his time to running. He befriended some like-minded folks and told them what he’d been through, and they seemed amazed at the fact that he was still alive, let alone that he was pushing himself to exercise. That’s when the idea of focusing on motivating others took root in his mind.With the help of Pepa, a nutritionist, Juan Dual slowly relearned how to eat to keep his energy level highenough to sustain him during physical activity. Eight months after his last operation, he finished the Barcelona half marathon in two hours. He then started training for mountain running and ultra-marathons.4. Why does Juan Dual say he is empty inside?A. Because he has no desire for anything.B. Because he doesn’t have much knowledge.C. Because he always suffers from great hunger.D. Because many of his organs have been removed.5. What made Juan Dual aware that he could still run?A. His parents’ support.B. A walk with his dog.C. The idea of challenging himself.D. His quick recovery from surgeries.6. When did Juan Dual decide to inspire others with his story?A. After finishing the Barcelona half marathon.B After being introduced to a nutritionist named Pepa.C. After sharing it with his friends in an English town.D. After making friends with people with similar sufferings.7. Which of the following words can best describe Juan Dual?A. Ambitious and intelligent.B. Inspiring and responsible.C. Unfortunate but determined.D. Confident but stubborn.CAddiction to smartphones will result in poor sleep, according to a new study.The study, published Tuesday in Frontiers in Psychiatry, looked at smartphone use among 1,043 students between the ages of 18 and 30at King's College London. Researchers asked the students to complete two questionnaires on their sleep quality and smartphone use, in person and online.Using a 10-question scale that was developed to judge smartphone addiction in children, nearly 40% of the university students qualified as "addicted" to smartphones, the study found. “Our findings are in agreement with other reported studies in young adult populations globally, which are in the range of 30-45%,” lead author Sei Yon Sohn and her co-authors wrote in the study. "Later time of use was also significantly connected with smartphone addiction, with use after 1 a.m. increasing a 3- times risk," the authors wrote.Students who reported high use of smartphones also reported poor sleep quality, the study found. That foils in line with previous studies that have found overuse of smartphones at night to be associated with trouble falling asleep, reduced sleep duration (睡眠持续时间)and daytime tiredness. That's likely because use of smartphonesclose to bedtime has been shown to delay the body's normal sleep - and - wake clock.In fact, the No. 1 rule is "no computers, cell phones, and ipads in bed and at least one hour beforebed Dr. Vsevolod Polotsky, who directs sleep basic research, said in a recent interview. That's because "any LED light source from electronics (电子设备)may further hold back melatonin (褪黑激素)levels," Polotsky said. Melatonin is often referred to as a "sleep hormone," because we sleep better during the night when levels reach the top.“This is a cross-sectional study, and it cannot lead to any firm conclusions about smartphone use as the cause of reduced sleep quality, said Bob Patton, a lecturer in clinical psychology at the University of Surrey, via email.8. How did Sei Yon Sohn's team begin their study?A. By publishing researching papers.B. By responding to others’ concern.C. By collecting firsthand data.D. By turning to related experts.9. What did the study find about sleep quality and smartphone use?A. 30-45% of the university students are addicted to smartphones.B. High use of smartphones is related to poor sleep quality.C. Overuse of smartphones leads to shorter sleep duration.D. Use after 1 a.m. will result in smartphone addiction.10. What is Polotsky's opinion on electronics ?A. We should stop using them an hour before going to sleep.B. LED light source from them will delay normal sleep- and- wake clock.C. Reduced sleep quality has nothingto do with them.D. No electronics should be used in bed at any time.11. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Say No to SmartphonesB. Sleep Quality Can Be ImprovedC. LED Light Source Causes Great HarmD. Smartphone Addiction Ruins SleepDMark Bertram, 46, lost the tips of two fingers at work in 2018 when his hand became trapped in a fan belt. “It's life-changing but it's not life-ending,” he says. “Doing work is harder now. Everything is just a little different.”After two surgeries and occupational therapy, Bertram decided to make light of his condition by asking Eric Catalano, a tattoo (纹身) artist, to create fingernail tattoos. The idea made everyone in the studio laugh—untilthey saw the final result. “The mood changed,” Catalano recalls from his Eternal Ink Tattoo Studio. “Everything turned from funny to wow.”When Catalano posted a photo of the tattoos, a pair of fingernails that looked so real that no one could believe their eyes, he had no idea the image would eventually be viewed by millions of people around the world.The viral photo pushed Catalano, 40, further into the world of paramedical (辅助医疗的) tattooing. Now people with life-altering scars come from as far away as Ireland to visit his shop. They enter Eternal Ink looking for the artistic healing they saw online. Using flesh-toned (肉色的) inks and a needle, Catalano transforms his clients' view of themselves.Leslie Pollan, 32, a dog breeder in Oxford, was bitten on the face by a puppy in 2014. She underwent countless surgeries to correct a scar on her lip.“Plastic surgery gave me no hope,” she says. “So I looked for other options.” She ultimately traveled six hours to meet with Catalano. He hid Pollan's lip scar, giving her back a piece of her confidence.“ You don't understand until you've been through it,” Pollan says. “It made me have a different look on life.”Catalano performs up to eight reconstructive tattoos. While he charges $100 per regular tattoo, he doesn't charge for paramedical tattoos. “Financially, it doesn't make sense,” Catalano says. “But every time I see that emotion from my customers, I'm 100 percent sure this is something that I can't stop doing.”12. What best describes people's attitude when first hearing of fingernail tattoos?A. Indifferent.B. Ridiculous.C. Confident.D. Surprised.13. What did Catalano do to help Leslie Pollan?A. He drew an artistic puppy.B. He inked scars on her face.C. He created a lip tattoo.D. He performed plastic surgeries on her.14. What can we infer from the passage?A. Cosmetic surgery is of no use.B. Tattoos earn Mark Bertram a good fame.C. Catalano is a kind and generous person.D. Fingernail tattoos are popular around the world.15. What could be the best title for the text?A. A Life-changing EventB. Miracle TattoosC. An Amazing ArtistD. A Promising Business第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届上海市奉贤中学高三英语下学期期中考试试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ALooking to the future, we are now focusing on next year's tours. We are not presently taking bookings, but if a specific tour lifts your spirits, why not mark your interest and we will contact you when the time is right.JapanOctober 2021A centre for technology with natural beauty, Japan is a must-see destination for science and nature lovers. Join us on a special journey across the country during its fantastic autumn to see its amazing landscapes, visit leading scientific institutions and experience robotics and AI.AntarcticaApril to September 2021Join us aboard the Magellan Explorer for an exciting adventure to South Georgia and the Antarctic Peninsula, exploring the world's largest ocean reserve and best ocean ecosystem. Follow in the footstepsof the great scientists while marveling（惊叹）at icebergs, ancient glaciers and ice flies onto volcanic beaches.ItalyMarch and June 2021Encounter the great scientific minds and discoveries of the Renaissance on a cultural adventure across two of its cities, Florence and Bologna. Enjoy beautiful surroundings as you take in the wonderful collections, buildings and churches that demonstrate the period across architecture and paintings.Czech RepublicMay and July 2021Discover the legacy（遗产）of Kepler and Brahe in Prague, a city where astronomy, maths, medicine and architecture connect. Kepler became the father of modern astronomy supported by the observational data from Brahe.1. What can travelers do in Japan?A. Experience space travel.B. Enjoy its spring landscape.C. Visit its scientific institutions .D. Learn about its traditional culture.2. Which of the following can you choose if you are free in August?A. Japan.B. Italy.C. Antarctica.D. Czech Republic .3. What do Italy and Czech Republic havein common?A. Astronomy.B. Architecture.C. Paintings.D. Medicine .BRemember when your mom told you not to eat too many candy bars or sweets because they can cause tooth decay (蛀牙)? However, it turns out that chocolate can be moresalutaryto your teeth than you might expect. Recent studies show that chocolate can effectively fight against tooth decay, as if we need another excuse to eat chocolate.Chocolate offers protection like fluoride, a main ingredient in most household toothpastes. Not only does chocolate protect our teeth, but it can do so very effectively. Studies show that chocolate has compounds that provide strong protection for teeth. One of the compounds in chocolate, CBH, is shown to protect even more effectively than fluoride.Tooth decay happens when bacteria work to turn sugar into acids in our mouth. This is why eating foods with high sugar content can lead to more tooth decay. The compounds in chocolate, however, are anti-bacteria and can fight against bacteria in your mouth. The CBH compound in particular also works to strengthen tooth enamel (牙釉质), andprotects against tooth decay.Does this mean you can cat as much chocolate as you want without worrying about your teeth? It depends on the types of chocolate that you like. The protective effect of chocolate is most effective when you chew on cocoa beans. Of course, this option is not very appealing to; most people. A more tasty option is to choose dark chocolate with little sugar content, ideally no more than 6 to 8 grams per serving. For other types of chocolate with higher sugar content, the effect will be lessened. However, because of the protective compounds, it is still better for your teeth than other sweets and desserts containing the same amount of sugar.4. The word “salutary” in paragraph 1 means?A. Beneficial.B. Harmful.C. Familiar.D. Useless.5. What can we know about the compound CBH in chocolate?A. It can help chocolate cure tooth decay.B. It can effectively stop teeth from decaying.C. It may protect teeth better than toothpastes do.D. It may soon replace most household toothpastes.6. How does chocolate fight tooth decay?A. By breaking down acids.B. By building up compounds.C. By fixing up tooth enamel.D. By fighting against bacteria.7. What's the main idea of the text?A. Chocolate plays the role of toothpaste.B. Chocolate protects against tooth decay.C. Chocolate is the best choice for teeth protection.D. Chocolate is healthier to teeth than other sweets.CIf you go into the forest with friends, stay with them. If you don’t, you may get lost. If you get lost, this is what you should do. Sit down and stay where you are. Don’t try to find your friends—let them findyou. You can help them find you by staying in one place. There is another way to help your friends or other people to find you. You can shout or whistle three times. Stop. Then shout or whistle three times again. Any signal given three times is a call for help.Keep up shouting or whistling. Always three times together. When people hear you, they will know that you are not just making a noise for fun. They will let you know that they have heard your signal. They will give you two shouts or two whistles. When a signal is given twice, it is an answer to a call for help.If you don’t think that you will get help before night comes, try to make a little house with branches(树枝). Make yourself a bed with leaves and grass.When you need some water, you have to leave your little branch house to look for it. Don’t just walk away. Pick off small branches and drop them as you walk in order to go back again easily. When you are lost, the most important thing to do is to stay in one place.8. If you get lost in the forest, you should _________.A. try to find your friends in no timeB. stay in one place and give signalsC. walk around the forestD. shout as loudly as possible9. Which signal is a call for help?A. Crying twice.B. Shouting here and there.C. Whistling everywhere in the forest.D. Shouting or whistling three times together.10. When you hear two shouts or two whistles, you know that _________.A. someone needs your helpB. something terrible will happenC. people will come to help youD. someone is afraid of an animal11. What’s the meaning of the last paragraph?A. Use branches to make a bed.B. Drop branches to look for water.C. Pick off branches to build another house.D. Leave branches to help you find your way back.D“Snowplow(扫雪机) parenting” is the newest parenting style that can include parents booking their adult children haircuts, calling their college kids to wake them up so that they don’t sleep through a test, and even calling their kids’ employers.“‘Helicopter (直升机) parenting’ means monitoring their kids’ every activity,which is out of date.” Claire Cain Miller and Jonah Engel Bromwich wrote in The New York Times. “Some rich mothers and fathers now are more like snowplows: clearing any problems in their children’s path to success so that they don’t have to meet failure or lose opportunities.”There is a mother who started a charity in her son’s name to try to raise his chances of being accepted to the college. Another parents spent years helping their daughter avoid foods with sauce, which she didn’t like. Once she got to college, she had problems with the food in her school because it was all covered in sauce.A survey says that three-quarters of parents of children between the ages of 18 and 28 ask for doctor visits or haircuts for their children, and 11% say they would call their kids’ bosses whether their children are having an issue at work.As reported, wealthy parents try to get their children into top colleges by giving a large amount of money to a school, such as paying for a building. This parenting has become the most popular way to raise children, whatever the income, education, or race is.Julie, a teacher at Stanford, told the Times that “snowplow parenting” is not a reasonable approach. “The parents should prepare the kid for the road, instead of preparing the road for the kid,” she said.12. How does Julie like “snowplow parenting”?A. It is unreasonable.B. It is advanced.C. It is accepted by teachers.D. It is refused by rich people.13. What is the character of “helicopter parenting”?A. Parents make kids popular.B. Parents provide little money for kids.C. Parents ask kids to care for themselves.D. Parents watch over kids’ every activity.14. What should parents do according to Julie?A. Do as wealthy parents do.B. Make kids be prepared.C. Make roads be prepared.D. Do as little as possible.15. What’s the best title for the text?A. Helicopter Parenting.B. The Similarity in Parenting.C. A Research on Parenting.D. A New Kind of Parenting.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020年上海市奉城中学高三英语二模试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AArtificial intelligence (Al) is practically everywhere today. There are so many products out there which use Al. Some are being developed, some are already in use, and some failed and are being improved, so it’s very difficult to name a few of them and regard them as the best.ViIt is an Al personal trainer which is mainly concerned with fitness and coaching. It, however, requires the use of bio-sensing earphones and other fitness tracking equipment! It can play your favourite music while you work out and all you have to worry about is the exercise you're doing.Deep TextDo you ever wonder how an ad appears suddenly just when you are looking for something similar? This is because of Deep Text. It uses real-time consumer information to produce data which in turn is used to target consumers. Thus, if you search online for flight tickets fromBangaloretoDelhi, it is very likely that an ad relating to hotels inDelhiwill soon follow.Hello EggIf you live alone and miss your mother because you always miss your breakfast or don’t know what to eat for dinner, then Hello Egg is exactly what you are looking for. A very healthy choice of the 2-minute noodles and oats, Hello Egg provides you with a detailed weekly meal plan about the needs of your body. It is truly a modern AI-powered home cooking tool for the young.WordsmithYou can put Mr. Smith into your Microsoft Excel using their free API, and let it write up detailed analysis of the stories behind your numbers. It can produce detailed reports on thousands of pages of spreadsheets in seconds.1. What can we learn about Vi from the text?A. It is an AI music player.B. It is a bio-sensing earphone.C. It doesn't work without bio-sensing earphones.D. It can make you more energetic while you work out.2. Which can help you improve cooking skill?A. Deep Text.B. Vi.C. Wordsmith.D. Hello Egg.3. What can Wordsmith do for us?A. Produce a detailed report.B. Provide us with a detailed meal plan.C. Book a ticket ahead of time.D. Offer us information on hotels for traveling.BOwning a dog is associated with a significantly lower risk of heart disease and death, according to a comprehensive new study published by a team of Swedish researchers on Friday in the journal Scientific Reports.The scientists followed 3.4 million people over the course of 12 years and found that adults who lived alone and owned a dog were 33 percent less likely to die during the study than adults who lived alone without dogs. In addition, the single adults with dogs were 36 percent less likely to die from heart disease.“Dog ownership was especiallyprominentas a protective factor in persons living alone, which is a group reported previously to be at higher risk of heart disease and death than those living in a multi-person household,” Mwenya Mubanga, a Ph.D. student at Uppsala University in Uppsala, Sweden, and the lead junior author of the study, said in a statement announcing its findings. The link between dog ownership and lower mortality(死亡率)was less pronounced in adults who lived either with family members or partners, but still present, according to the study. “Perhaps a dog may stand in as an important family member in the single households,” Mubanga added. “Another interesting findingwas that owners of dogs which were intended originally for hunting were most protected.”The study, which is the largest to date on the health relations of owning a dog, suggested that some of the reasons dog owners may have a lower risk of mortality and heart disease were because dog owners walk more. “These kind of epidemiological (流行病学的)studies look for associations in large populations but do not provide answers on whether and how dogs could protect their owners from heart disease,” Tove Fall, a senior author of the study and a professor at Uppsala University, said in a statement“We know that dog owners in general have a higher level of physical activity, which could be one explanation to the observed results,” Fall added. “Other explanations include an increased well-being and social contacts or effects of the dog on the bacterial microbiome(微生物菌群) in the owner.” Fall added that because all participantsof dog owners in Sweden or other “European populations with similar culture regarding dog ownership.”4. Why did the researchers do the study related to 3.4 million people’s health and the dogs?A. To help Europeans,B. To find their association.C. To protect unhealthy adults.D. To reduce risk of heart disease.5. What does the underlined word “prominent” probably mean in Para.3?A. Universal.B. Confusing.C. Appealing.D. Important6. What’s the main idea of the text?A. Adults living with dogs are less likely to die.B. Swedish people are very fond of animal pets.C. Keeping a dog is a popular and healthy hobby.D. Owning dogs reduces the risk of heart disease.7. What’s the writer’s attitude towards owning a dog?A. Positive.B. Negative.C. Objective.D. Contradictory.CYou’re in a crowd of people who are all asking for the same thing. How do you make your voice heard above the rest? Be different. Don’t shout. Lisa, 25, was waiting to board a plane flying fromLondontoAustriafor Christmaswhen the flight was cancelled.“There were about a hundred of us unable to leave,” she says. “Everyone else was shouting at the airport staff. Instead of joining in, I walked up to the man behind the ticket desk very quietly and said, ‘This must be so awful for you! I don’t know how you deal with these situations—it’s not even your fault. I could never handle it as well as you are.’ Without my even asking, he found me a seat on another airline with an upgrade to first class. He was happy to do a favor forsomeone who was appreciative instead of unfriendliness.”Flattery (恭维) is an essential element of the sweet-talk strategy. “It’s human psychology that stroking a person’s ego (自我) with a few well-directed praises makes them want to prove you right,” says apsychologist. “Tell someone they’re pretty and they’ll instantly fix their hair; praise their sense of humor and they’ll tell a joke.”You need help and there’s ly no reason that the person will want to lend a hand. Allison, 26. a lawyer, realizedshe’d made a huge mistake on a batch of documents. “The only way I could fix the problem was to get the help of a colleague who I knew didn’t like me,” she said.Allison then went to the woman’s office and explained her problem. “As I was saying to the boss the other day you’re the only person who would know how to handle a situation like this, what would you suggest I do?” “Feeling pumped up (鼓励), she set about helping me and we finished the job on time, and she was happy to help.” Allison said.8. Whatwould have happened at the airport according to paragraph 1?A. The departure hall was filled with noise.B. Someone screamed just lo be different.C. The passengers waited on board patiently.D. The airport stuff were rude to the passengers.9. Why did the man put Lisa on another airline?A. He admired Lisa’s beauty.B. He appreciated her attitude.C. He was ready to help others.D. He was blamed for the cancellation.10. What is the third paragraph mainly about?A. The potential benefits of ego.B. The strategy to start small talk.C. The great importance of flattery.D. The value of humor in daily life.11. What can we learn about Allison’s colleague?A. She was a popular lawyer.B. She was always ready to help others.C. She always got praise from Allison.D. She did a great favor for Allison eventually.DBarred owls(大林鸮猫头鹰) are a large species native to eastern North America, but they began moving west at the start of the 20th century. By 1973,large numbers of barred owls had arrived in the western state ofWashington. Later they moved south intoOregonandCalifornia.In parts of thePacific Northwest, the owls are now believed to be causing a drop in the population of a smaller, less aggressive bird: the northern spotted owl. In many ways, the barred owl is the spotted owl's worst enemy. The barred owl has more babies per year and eats the same animals, like squirrels and wood rats. And their numbers are now larger in many parts of the spotted owl's traditional territory.David Wiens is a biologist with the U.S. Geological Survey, a federal agency that studies the Earth and its natural resources. He and other officials are doing something unusual to protect spotted owls: killing barred owls. It is a controversial, experimental program. More than 2,400 barred owls have already been shot.Wiens is the son of a well-known bird expert and grew up with the fascination for birds. He has mixed feelings about the program. "It's a little distasteful, I think, to go out killing barred owls to save another owl species," he says. But he adds, “We knew that barred owls were out competing spotted owls and their numbers were growing too fast."To catch barred owls, officials put digital bird callers on the ground. Then they step back and wait as several sounds from the devices fill the air. All of this happens in the dark of night. Barred owls dislike other birds in their territory, so they will fly down and chase other owls out. That is when Wiens and his team try to shoot them.12. What's the main problem with spotted owls?A. They are being starved to death.B. They have more babies each year.C. They are invaded by another bird.D. They are hunted by man.13. Why are barred owls being killed?A. They are eating the spotted owls.B. They are killing each other to survive.C. They are putting the spotted owls in danger.D. They are destroying large areas of forests.14. Why did the officials release the bird sounds?A. To kill barred owls.B. To puzzle barred owls.C. To protect barred owls.D. To frighten barred owls.15. What can be the best title for the text?A. Killing One Animal to Save Another.B. Keeping the Balance of Nature.C. Protecting Birds in Danger.D. Preventing Birds from Playing Fair.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
奉贤区2019~2020年第二学期高三年级质量调研考试高三英语2020.05（本试卷满分140分，考试时间120分钟）I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A.Supermarket. B.Tailor's shop. C.Department store. D.Convenience store.2.A.200pounds. B.600pounds. C.300pounds. D.700pounds.3.A.Call the ticket office later. B.Order the tickets online.C.Not to buy the ticket on the Internet.D.Order the tickets when it's not busy.4.A.Borrowing money from a business company.B.Lending some money to a student.C.Asking for some financial aid.D.Reading students'application.5.A.The bed is to blame for his not falling asleep.B.He can fall asleep if he stops drinking.C.He can drink more to fall asleep easily.D.Drinking is good for sleeping.6.A.He is satisfied with the content. B.He feels sorry for it.C.He thinks it is valueless.D.He thinks it is valuable.7.A.Professor Smith spoke Greek when he explained the maths problem.B.The woman still didn't understand the maths problem.C.Unfortunately,she didn't hear Professor Smith's explanation.D.Professor Smith didn't explain the problem clearly.8.A.Collect papers for the man. B.Do the typing once again.C.Check the paper for typing errors.D.Read the whole newspaper.9.A.Proceed in his own way. B.Stick to the original plan.C.Negotiate with his colleague.D.Try to change his colleague's mind.10.A.His project proved to be unsuccessful. B.He was unable to get sufficient money.ck of land prevented his success.D.He was successful with his project. Section BDirections:In Section B,you will hear several longer conversation(s)and short passage(s),and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s)and the passage(s).The conversation(s)and the passage(s)will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions11through13are based on the following talk.11.A.To guide and help children's play. B.To give children an opportunity to play.C.To make children excited.D.To keep children company.12.A.It determines the standard a child can reach.B.It is the happiest period during one's life.C.It is the most important time to shape one's character.D.It is the best time for children to learn new things.13.A.The relationship between play and learning.B.The way to help children develop both physically and mentally.C.The importance of children's play.D.Different stages of children's development.Questions14through16are based on the following passage.14.A.It tends to wander towards unpleasant experiences.B.It wanders for almost half of their waking time.C.It has trouble concentrating after a brain injury.D.It tends to be affected by their negative feelings.15.A.To find how happiness relates to daydreaming.B.To observe how one's mind affects one's behavior.C.To see why daydreaming impacts what one is doing.D.To study the relation between health and daydreaming.16.A.Participants with clear goals in mind outperformed those without clear goals.B.The difference in performance between the two groups was insignificant.C.Non-daydreamers were more confused on their tasks than daydreamers.D.Daydreamers did better than non-daydreamers in task performance.Questions17through20are based on the following conversation.17.A.Their average lifespan was less than50years.B.It was very common for them to have12children.C.They retired from work much earlier than today.D.They were quite optimistic about their future.18.A.Get ready for ecological changes. B.Adapt to the new environment.C.Learn to use new technology.D.Explore ways to stay young.19.A.When all women go out to work. B.When family planning is enforced.C.When a world government is set up.D.When all people become wealthier.20.A.Eliminate poverty and injustice. B.Migrate to other planets.C.Control the environment.D.Find inexhaustible resources.II.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Plants Scream in the Face of StressFor the first time,researchers appear to have evidence that like animals,those plants deprived of water or（21)______(force)to endure bodily harm can let out their pain.The study,(22)______has yet to be published in a scientific Journal,adds another dimension to scientists(23)______(grow)understanding of how plants detect and interact with their surroundings.In recent years,it has become very clear that plants are more sensitive than researchers (24)______think).They respond when touched by insects and turn toward sources of light." Plants are not just robotic stimulus-response devices,"said Frantisek Baluska of the University of Bonn in Germany."They're living organisms which have their own problems."Actually making their suffering hearable,however,is another matter entirely.(25)______（test)that possibility,a team led by Itzhak Khait,a plant scientist at Tel Aviv University in Israel, placed microphones capable of detecting ultrasonic frequencies(超声波频率)four inches from tomato and tobacco plants.The researcher then either stopped watering them or cut their stems.Measuring in the range of20to150kilohertz(千赫），the researchers found that even happy,healthy plants made the occasional noise.But when cut,tobacco plants emitted(26) ______average of15sounds within an hour of being cut,(27)______tomato plants produced25 sounds.（28)______researchers aren't yet sure how plants produce these sounds,Khait and his colleagues proposed one possibility in their paper(29)______as water travels through the plants'tubes,air bubbles will form and explode,producing small vibrations.All this"screaming"caused by stress wasn't in a range detectable by human ears.But organisms that can hear ultrasonic frequencies--like mice,bats or perhaps other plants--(30) ______possibly hear the plants cries from as far away as15feet.Section BDirections:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.essentiallyB.roundC.stuckD.spiritsE.encouragingF.desperatelyG.strengthsH.frustratingI.spillingJ.collectiveK.sealedItalians find"Moments of Joy in this Moment of Anxiety"It started with the national anthem.Then came the piano chords,trumpet blasts,violin serenades(小夜曲)and even the clanging of pots and pans--all of it(31)______from people's homes,out of windows and from balconies,and resounding across rooftops.Finally,on Saturday afternoon,a nationwide(32)______of applause broke out for the doctors on the medical front lines fighting the spread of Europe's worst coronavirus outbreak.Italians remain(33)______under house arrest as the nation,the European front in the global fight against the coronavirus,has ordered extraordinary restrictions on their movement to prevent infection.But the music and noise erupting over the streets,from people(34)______in their homes, reflects the spirit,resilience and humor of a nation facing its worst national emergency since the Second World War.To the extent that this is a virus that tries people's souls,it has also demonstrated the(35) ______of those national characters.In China,patriotic truck drivers risked infection to bring(36)______needed food to the people of Wuhan,the epicenter of the outbreak.In Iran,videos show doctors in full combat dress and masks dancing to keep(37)______up.And in Italy,the gestures of gratitude and music ring out above the country's empty streets,while social media feeds fill with(38)______,sentimental and humorous web videos.Images of nurses collapsed from exhaustion or their faces bruised(使受瘀伤)from tightly (39)______masks have also spread across the web in recent days.Parents posted pictures of unicorns and rainbows drawn by young children with the title"It will all be OK."＂We're Italians,and loving singing is part of our culture,"said Giorgio Albertini,51,an archaeology professor who clapped from his apartment balcony in the university district of Milan, calling it a way"to feel a community,and to have the(40)______grief."III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B, C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Making choices is hard.That would be why researcher Moran Cerf has(41)______it from his life.As a rule,he always chooses the second menu item at a restaurant.This is(42)______by his research in neuroeconomics(神经经济学)（a somewhat new, divisive field)at Northwestern University.As Business Insider describes,Cerf has extended his ideas--which draw on some controversial ideas in psychology,including ego depletion out--into a piece of advice that,to(43)______happiness,people should"build a life that requires(44) ______decisions by surrounding themselves with people who possess traits they prefer.On an instinctive level,Cerf's idea(45______:Many choices people make are the product of social pressures and the inputs of(46)______people around them.One example Cerf furnishes is that,(47)______consistently ordering the second menu item,he never picks where to eat.Rather, he(48)______his decision to his dining partner--which friend he plans to eat with,probably one he trusts--and always lets them pick.While it's(49)______what,if any,scientific principles underlie those pieces of advice, there is no shortage of research showing that choices can sometimes feel more(50)______than liberating.An example from Quanta poits(假设）：If you have a clear love of Snickers(士力架），choosing that over an Almond Joy(杏仁巧克力)or a Milky Way(牛奶巧克力)should be a(51)______.And,as an experiment conducted by neuroscientist Paul Glimcher at NYU shows,most of the time it is,(52)______you introduce more choices.When the participants were offered three candy bars(Snickers,Milky Way,and Almond Joy)they had no problem picking their favorite,but when they were given the option of one among20,including Snickers, they would sometimes drift away from their(53)______.When the choices were taken away in later trials,the participants would wonder what caused them to make such a bad decision.As Quanta details,according to a model called"divisive normalization(分裂归一化），which has gained some popularity,the way the brain encodes choices has a lot to do with how it values all its options.So,if you have two things that are clearly(54)______brain areas involved in decision-making fire in a pattern that makes the decision clear.When the choices are comparable,the brain does its best to focus on the distinctions between the two,but more choices (55)______that ability out.41.A.relieved B.released C.eliminated D.liberated42.A.influenced B.inherited C.implemented rmed43.A.maximize B.balance C.cherish D.seek44.A.safer B.fewer C.bette D.sounder45.A.stands out es into force C.makes sense D.plays a part46.A.distinguished B.trusted C.authorized D.honored47.A.in addition to B.instead of C.in spite of D.regardless of48.A.convers B.relates C.submits D.limits49.A.evident B.unclear C.critical D.inevitable50.A.confusing B.inspiring C.worrying D.appealing51.A.stressor B.no-brainer C.challenge D.headache52.A.after B.before C.when D.until53.A.preference B.struggle C.status D.direction54.A.impressive B.insignificant C.unique D.distinct55.A.crowd B.figure C.sort D.putSection BDirections:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A)One spring day,once the flowers have begun to open,a bee will hover(盘旋)and zip through your yard and dive-bomb your picnic table.While you're thinking about avoiding an attack,that bee is focused on something else entirely:me.A honeybee has about six weeks to live.Today,like most days,her task is to fly as many as three miles from home,stick her long,straw-like tongue into a hundred or so flowers.When the bee has had her fill,she'll fly home.There the bee will deposit what she has got into the mouth of one of her co-workers,who will relay it to another,and so on for about20minutes,until the mixture is ready to be placed into the comb.Then she and her50,000or so mates will hover in the dark all night every night,flapping their wings to create hot,breezy conditions to remove the water from the mixture.Several sunrises later,they will seal me off in a golden cell of beeswax. In her lifetime,our bee may visit4,000flowers,and yet will produce only one-twelfth of a tea spoon of me.The average American consumes nearly a pound and a half of me every year,in tea,on toast, and beyond.If I do say so myself,I am a timeless treasure.Literally--I never go bad.Unfortunately,my good health is not guaranteed.The problem lies in the growth of industrial agriculture and the use of pest control chemicals,as well as changes in weather patterns, all of which reduce the number of flowers bees have to visit.I'd appreciate your letting your own garden grow just a little wild.My future depends on all of us fostering spring and summers wild flowers,thus helping the bees,who give so much--to you,to me--without ever asking for anything in return.56.What does"me”refer to in the passage?A.The flower.B.The bee.C.Water.D.Honey.57.What is the2nd paragraph mainly about?A.Bees'special talent.B.Bees'hard work.C.Bees'living environment.D.Bees'social behavior.58.Which one of the following is true according to the passage?A.A bee will always prioritize attacking picnic lovers.B.Before“me”is sealed off in beeswax,the drying process can take a few nights.C.The lifework of a bee satisfies the average demand of an American consumer annually.D.Bees are more likely to visit those deliberately pest-controlled gardens.59.What is the purpose of the passage?A.To appeal for help for honeybees.B.To talk about the history of a treasure.C.To put forward techniques for gardeners.D.To argue against the control of chemicals.（B)Get Your Unlimited Card at Cineworld CinemasEnjoy Unlimited FilmsWatch all the films you want at any Cineworld for just onemonthly price.Being an Unlimited card holder gives you access toall the2D films you can handle for one monthly price.Watch whatyou want,when you want,as many times as you want.Plus,savemoney when watching films in3D and others.After you've beenwith us for more than I year we'll upgrade you to a Premium Cardand you'll get into3D films completely 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added to the end of your current subscription.You can earn a maximum of 12Free Months with your Recommend a Friend code,so recommend Unlimited to12friends and you could get a full year of free Unlimited cinema!60.The cinema names its membership card"Unlimited"because__________.A.one can have the benefits for good upon joining the membershipB.Cineworld members can enjoy as many2D and3D films as they like for freeC.it frees a member from any regular payment to the movie tickets at CineworldD.card holders can share limitless discounts and offers with friends and relatives61.Which of the statement is TRUE according to the passage?A.The benefits above are not available until the card is delivered.B.Premium card holders can have25%off at a licensed Starbucks.C.Whoever persuades6friends into Unlimited can enjoy a half year of free membership.D.A second year of investment is worthwhile if you are a cinema goer.62.This passage is probably written to__________.A.secure the loyalty of potential customersB.introduce the latest movies and discountsC.promote the popularity of Cineworld cinemasD.give away movie cards to readers for free（C)A rare hole has opened up in the ozone layer above the Arctic,in what scientists say is the result of unusually low temperatures in the atmosphere above the north pole.The hole,which has been tracked from space and the ground over the past few days,has reached record dimensions,but is not expected to pose any danger to humans unless it moves further south.If it extends further south overpopulated areas,such as southern Greenland,people would be at increased risk of sunburn.However,on current trends the hole is expected to disappear altogether in a few weeks.Low temperatures in the northern polar regions led to an unusual stable polar vortex(极地旋涡），and the presence of ozone-destroying chemicals such as chlorine(氯)in the atmosphere-from human activities-caused the hole to form.＂The hole is principally a geophysical curiosity,"said Vincent-Henri Peuch,director of the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service."We monitored unusual dynamic(动态的）conditions,which drive the process of chemical depletion of ozone.Those dynamics allowed for lower temperatures and a more stable vortex than usual over the Arctic,which then triggered the formation of polar stratospheric(平流层的)cloudsand the catalytic(催化的)destruction of ozone."The hole is not related to the Covid-19shutdowns that have dramatically cut air pollution and reduced greenhouse gas emissions.It is also too early to say whether the unusually stable Arctic polar vortex conditions are linked with the climate crisis,or part of normal stratospheric weather variability.Peuch said there were no direct implications for the climate crisis.Temperatures in the region are already increasing,slowing the depletion of ozone,and the hole will start to recover aspolar air mixes with ozone-rich air from lower latitudes.The last time similar conditions were observed was in spring2011.While a hole over the Arctic is a rare event,the much larger hole in the ozone layer over the Antarctic has been a major cause for concern for more than four decades.The production of ozone-depleting chemicals has been dramatically reduced,under the1987Montreal Protocol(蒙特利尔协议)，but some sources appear still to be functioning--in2018,unauthorized emissions were detected from some areas.New sources of ozone-depleting chemicals were not a factor in the hole observed in the Arctic,said Peuch."However,this is a reminder that one should not take the Montreal Protocol measures for granted,and that observations from the ground and from satellites are central to avoid a situation where the ozone-destroying chemical level in the stratosphere could increase again."63.What is the possible meaning of the underlined word"depletion"?A.replacementB.consumptionC.increaseD.production64.According to the passage,scientists are concerned about the hole becauseA.it is expected to be a threat to the mankindB.the new hole is caused by air pollution and greenhouse gas emissionsC.it may encourage further scientific research and environmental awarenessD.it warns us of an oncoming climate crisis65.What can be learned from the last two paragraphs?A.The hole over the Arctic shares the same causes as the one over the Antarctic.B.Human activities are highly responsible for producing ozone-destroying chemicals.C.The Montreal Protocol has successfully prevented new emissions.D.Some new illegal emissions are to blame for the hole over the Arctic.66.The best title for the passage is probably__________.A.Record-size Hole Opens in Ozone Layer above the ArcticB.Actions Urgently Needed for a New Hole in Ozone LayerC.Environmental Disaster and International CooperationD.How a Hole in Ozone Affects our Life on EarthSection CDirections:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.Taking selfies is definitely one experience that many people like doing and sharing with the online world.B.People who post group selfies also show a need for popularity and a need to belong to a group.C.Narcissists are people who think very highly of themselves,especially how they look.D.That was the old way of"clicking like".E.The drive to take selfies can nevertheless do some good to socicty as a whole.F.But men who post selfies showed more of a need to be seen as popular than women did.People like to post their selfies(自拍照)on social media.To know more about it,scientists at Syracuse University in New York recently did a research and came up with some surprising findings.People who post selfies and use editing software to make themselves look better show behaviors connected to narcissism,the researchers said.(67)_______Makana Chock,a professor from Syracuse University,said because social media is mostly used by people to share unimportant information about their lives,it is a good place for people to"work towards satisfying their own vanity."Those"likes"under their Facebook selfies make them feel good.（68)_______Some people feel"peer pressure"to post selfies and some follow the popular belief that if there is no picture of an event or experience,it did not really happen."Anyway,it shouldn't be seen as negative.People get sense of satisfaction especially when they get likes.And it does no harm,"Chock said.Other findings from the study include:There are no major differences on how often men and women post selfies and how often they use editing software.(69)_______.Chock said posting selfies on social media is not all that different from what people have done for many years.On trips and special events,our parents and grandparents used cameras instead of phones to take photos.They would bring back photos to show friends and family.You had no choice but to look at them.You probably commented about how nice everyone in the photos looked,especially children and the person showing the photos.They were happy to hear your comments.(70)_______On social media,however,people can decide not to look at photos--even if they click"like”。
