初中易混知识点
- 格式：doc
- 大小：38.50 KB
- 文档页数：8
一、容易混淆的语言知识
1.
sometimes adv. 有时候
sometime adv. （过去或将来的）某时候 （可借助something“某事”联想记忆）
some times adv. 几次 (some 修饰可数名词“次数”的复数)
some time n. 一些时候，一段时间(some 修饰不可数名词“时间”)
e.g. Sometimes we are busy and sometimes we’re not.我们有时忙有时不忙。
We’ll meet again sometime next week. 下星期的某个时候我们将再见面。
I bought it sometime last spring. 我是在去年春天某个时候买得它。
I have been to Beijing some times. 我去过北京几次。
I have been here for some time. 我来这有一会了。
2.
have gone to 已经去了……
have been to 去过（+次数）
have been in 在某地 （+时间段）
e.g. ----Where is mom, dad? 爸爸，妈妈在哪？
----She has gone to the shop. 她去商店了。
I have been to Hong Kong five times. 我去过香港5次。
I have been in Shanghai for 2 years. 我待在上海2年了。
3.
used to do 过去（常常）做……（隐含现在已经不做……）
(可以把used理解为动词过去式，也可以把used to 整体理解为类似于情态动词的用法)
be used to do ( use … to do … 的被动式) 被用来做……
be used for doing (use … for doing … 的被动式) 被用来做……
get / be used to doing 习惯于做
get / be used to sth. 习惯于……
4.
spend花费（时间 / 钱）/ pay付款 / take花费（时间）/ cost花费（钱）
人+ spend st./sm. on sth. (spent, spent)
人+spend st./sm. (in) doing sth.
人+pay (sb) sm. for sth. (paid, paid)
物+ take sb st. to do (took, taken)
物+ cost sb. sm to do (cost, cost)
5.
短语 时态 提问短语 翻译
for+时间段/ since+时间点 现在完成时 How long…？ 多久
in+时间段 一般将来时 How soon…？ 还要多久
twice a week How often…？ 多久一次
twice How many times…？几次
6. put v.
put on 穿；带上；上演
put off 延期
put out 扑灭
put up举起；挂起
7. take v.
take away 拿走
take off 脱掉（衣服等）；起飞
take out 取出
take place 发生；举行
take up 开始从事
8. turn v.
turn on 打开（电视，电灯，收音机，水龙头等）
turn off 关掉（电视，电灯，收音机，水龙头等）
turn up （把音量等）调高
turn down （把音量等）调低
turn out 结果是；证明是
turn over 翻（车/ 页 /身）
turn into 变成
9. go v.
go on 继续
go out熄灭
go over 复习
go ahead
go wrong 出错
10. get v.
get back 返回
get off 下车
get on/in 上车（大/小）
get to 到达
get up 起床
11. talk v.
talk with/ to sb. 和某人交谈
talk about 谈论，议论
talk over 讨论，商量
12. out adv. /prep.
find out 找出；查明；了解
go out 熄灭
look/watch out 注意；留神 （look out of the window 朝窗外看）
pick out挑选出
point out 指出
turn out 结果是；证明是
work out 算出；做出；制定出；解决出（solve）
13. off
get off下车
keep off 阻挡；不让……接近
put off 推迟；延期
see… off 为……送行
show off 炫耀
take off 脱掉（衣服等）；起飞
turn off 关掉（电灯，电视，收音机等）
14. up
dress up 穿着；打扮
get up 起床
grow up 长大
look up 查询；抬头看
pick up 挑选出
put up 举起；挂起
shut up 住口
stay up 熬夜
take up 开始从事
turn up 调高
wake up 醒来
15. on
be keen on 热衷于
come on 加油
depend/ rely on 依赖；依靠
get on 上车
go on 继续
have pity on 同情
hold on 等一等（别挂断电话）
live on 以……为生
play a trick on 戏弄
put on 穿上
turn on 打开
16. for
ask (sb.) for… （向某人）寻求……
be good/ bad for 对……有好/坏处
be famous for 因……而著名
be late for 迟到
be responsible for 对……负责
leave for 动身去
look for 寻找
prepare for 为……做准备
search for 搜寻；搜查
17. with
agree with sb.
be angry with sb.
be busy with sth.
be covered with
be connected with
be/ get familiar with
be pleased/ satisfied with
be strict with
communicate with
deal with
go on with sth.
help… with sth.
keep in touch with
make friends with
play with
shake hands with
share…with…
talk with sb.
18. of
at the end of
be afraid of
be fond of
be full of
be made of
be made up of
be proud of
because of
consist of
die of
dream of
hear of
in charge of
in favour of
in front of
in the middle of
instead of
make fun of
out of
run out of
take care of
take hold of
think of
with the help of
19.
What’s the date today? (date n.日期)
今天几号？
What day is it today?
今天星期几？
What’s the weather like today? （like prep. 像……，what 充当介词的宾语）
今天天气怎么样？
20.
I don’t know what to do with…？ (what充当及物动词do的宾语)
I don’t know how to deal with…？（词组deal with处理+宾语）
21. so修饰形容词，such 修饰名词
so beautiful a girl = such a beautiful girl（中心语是 girl） 如此漂亮的一个女孩
特例：当形容词是(many/few/much/little时只用so修饰)
so many / few + nc.pl.（可数名词复数） so many/ few books 如此多的书
so much / little + nu. (不可数名词) so much/ little water 如此少的水
22.
join v. 加入（正式团体/组织 ）
e.g. 1. join the army/ Party 参军/入党
2. join WTO/ WHO加入世界贸易组织/世界卫生组织
join in = take part in 参加（活动）
join sb. in (doing) (sth.) 和某人一起做……
attend a meeting 参加/ 出席会议
attend a class 听课
attend a lecture 听报告
23.
learn sth from … 向……学习 （from 表示“从”）
borrow sth. from …. 向……借……
lend sth. to sb. 把……借给……（to 表示“方向”）
24.
区分 a number of 和the number of
a number of （修饰可数名词复数）许多……（谓语动词用复数）
the number of （加可数名词复数）……数量（谓语动词用单数）
25. 量词
只能修饰可数名词复数
few/fewer/fewest
a few
(too/quite) many
a (great/large) number of
只能修饰不可数名词
little/ less/ least
a little
much
a large amount of
huge amounts of
既能修饰可数名词复数也能修饰不可数名词
more
most
some
any
