高考英语动词时态和语态考点精讲
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高考英语动词时态和语态考点精讲
高考英语动词时态和语态考点精讲
在高考英语中， 动词的时态和语态是重中之重， 试题在考察固定句式中的时态和语态的
同时， 着重在上下文语境中考察时态和语态。 要认识几种时态的一些惯例规则， 答题时要研
读题干，搜寻出尽可能多的“时间参照信息” ，特别要注意时态的响应状况。
时态 主动语态形式 被动语态形式
一般此刻时 am/is/are/do/does am/is/are done
一般过去时 was/were/did was/were done
此刻达成时 has/have done has/have been done
此刻达成进行时 has/have been doing /
此刻进行时 am/is/are doing am/is/are being done
过去进行时 was/were doing was/were being done
过去达成时 had done had been done
未来达成时 will/shall have done will /shall have been done
will /shall do
am/is/are going to do will /shall be done
一般未来时 am/is/are coming/leaving
am/is/are to be done
am/is/are to do
am/is/are about to do
would do
was going to do would be done
过去未来时 was coming/leaving
was/were to be done
was to do
was about to do
未来进行时 will /shall be doing /
考点 1
一般此刻时
一般此刻时表示动作的常常性或真谛； 表示现状、性质、状态时多用系动词或状态动词；在条件、时间、 退步状语从句顶用一般此刻时或此刻达成时表示未来； 表示估计或规定；方
位副词或介词短语放在句首， 主语是名词， 且所有倒装时， 用一般此刻时表示正在发生的动作；还可使用于文学作品和文学议论中。
练一练： 用所给词的适合形式填空：
① I'll go there after I ________(finish) my work.
②The water will be further polluted unless some measures ________(take) ．
③ My train ________(leave) at 6 ：30.
④A snow ________(expect) to come next week.
⑤On the wall ________(hang) a picture.
⑥ This kind of cloth ________(wash) well.
⑦ Don't take it away. It ________(belong) to me.
⑧He said water________(boil) at 100 ℃ .
【 答 案 】 ①finish ②are taken ③leaves
④is
expected
⑤ hangs
⑥washes
⑦ belongs
⑧ boils 高考英语动词时态和语态考点精讲
考点 2 一般过去时和此刻达成时
一般过去时 (标记词： yesterday， just now ， last year ， the other day 等 )表示动作发生在
过去，和此刻毫没关系。
此刻达成时 (标记词： since， in the past/last years ，just ，recent(ly) ，lately ，so far＝ up to
now＝ up until now ＝by now ， already ， yet， several/many/...times) 则重申的是对此刻的影响和结果，动作到此刻刚达成或还在持续。
请差别以下几组句子：
①He has lived in London for three years.( 此刻还住在伦敦 )
He lived in London for three years.( 此刻不在伦敦了 )
②It's two years since he smoked.( 他不吸烟已两年了 )
It's two years since he began to smoke.( 他吸烟已有两年了 )
③ This is the first/second/...time (that) I have_visited the school.
This was the first/second/...time I had_visited the school.
④ He was writing a book last year.( 昨年他在写一本书 )
He wrote a book last year.( 昨年他写了一本书 )
⑤I thought he was an American.( 我原认为他是美国人 )
I think he is an American.( 我想他是美国人 )
练一练： 用所给词的适合形式填空：
①— I haven't seen you for ages. Haven't you graduated from college?
—Yes. I________(study) English for four years in Nanjing University.
② Where ________ you________(put) my book? I can't find it anywhere.
③ Although he has lived with us for years ， he ________(not leave) us much impression.
④ My brother is an actor. He ________(appear) in several films in the past few years.
⑤— Li Pin may not come tonight.
—But he ________(promise) ．
【答案】 ①studied ②have ； put ③hasn't left ④has appeared ⑤promised
考点 3 过去达成时和未来达成时
过去达成时表示一件事情发生在过去， 而另一件事情先于它发生 (即表示 “过去的过去 ”)。
常用的时间状语有： by then ， by that time ， by the end of， before 2000， by the time ，
hardly/scarcely/rarely...when... 和 no sooner...than...
[注 ]表示原打当作但未做的几种表达：
①I had hoped/expected/meant/intended/... to do... ， but...
＝I hoped/expected/... to have done... ， but...
＝I would like/love to have done ... ，but...
＝I was to have done... ， but...
＝I was going to do... ， but...
＝I would have done... ，but...
②I was coming/leaving/arriving/... , but...
未来达成时表示到未来某一时间，某一动作将会达成，常用的时间状语为 “by＋未来的某个
时间 ”。如： They will have completed the project by the end of next year.
练一练： 用所给词的适合形式填空： 高考英语动词时态和语态考点精讲
① Helen ________(leave) her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband
________(come) home.
②I ________(hope) to meet Mr. Thompson this morning ， but I found nobody left in the room.
③By the time he ________(return) home ， the work had been finished.
By the time he returns home ， the work ____________(finish) ．
④We plan to reach the North Pole in mid － July， and by then we ____________(walk) for six
weeks.
【答案】 ①had left ；came
②had hoped
③returned; will have been finished
④will have
walked
考点 4
此刻进行时，过去进行时，此刻达成进行时和未来进行时
此刻进行时表示此刻正在进行的状况，
作，常常含有欣赏、憎恶、遗憾等情绪，常与
计划、安排要做的事， 还能够表示频频出现的动
always， continually ， constantly 连用；
过去进行时表示过去某一刻或一段时间内正在进行的动作， 还能够表示过去的未来动作；此刻达成进行时表示动作的未达成性和暂时性，还能够表示感情色彩；
未来进行时表示未来某个时候或某段时间正在进行的动作。
练一练： 用所给词的适合形式填空：
①— Have you moved into the new house?
—Not yet. The rooms ____________(paint) ．
② My father ________(fall) while he ________(ride) his bicycle and ________(hurt) himself.
③— Why are her eyes red?
—She ____________(cry)．
④ He ____________(fly) over the Atlantic at this time tomorrow.
⑤ You ________ always ________(watch) TV. Why not do something more active?
