2012届高考英语二轮专题总复习 阅读理解精选(三)

2012届高考英语二轮专题总复习阅读能力培养完形填空For twenty years, he had taught this class and no one had ever had the courage to go against him. Sure, some had __1__ in class at times, but no one had __2__ “really gone against him” (you'll see what I mean later). Nobody woul d go against him __3__ he had a reputation.Finally the day came. The professor said, “If there is anyone here who still __4__ God, stand up！” The professor and the class of 300 people looked at him, __5__，as he stood up at the back of the classroom. The professor __6__，“You fool！！ If God __7__， he could keep this piece of chalk from __8__ when it hit the ground！”He proceeded(向前) to __9__ the chalk, but as he did, it slipped out of his fingers, off his shirt cuff (袖口), onto the pleats(皱折) of his trousers, __10__ his leg, and off his shoe. As it hit the ground, it __11__ rolled away, unbroken. The professor's jaw dropped as he __12__ the chalk. He looked up at the young man and __13__ ran out of the lecture hall.The young man who had stood up proceeded to walk to the front of the room and share his __14__ in Jesus for the next half hour. 300 students __15__ and listened as he told of God's love for them and of his __16__ through Jesus.“Yet to all who received him, to those who believed in his name, he ga ve the __17__ to become children of God—children born not of __18__ descent(后代), nor of human decision or a husband's __19__，but born of God.”“But he knows the way that I take. __20__ he has tested me, I will come forth as gold.”1. A. agreed B. praised C. argued D. talked2. A. ever B. even C. already D. willingly3. A. so B. and C. but D. because4. A. relies on B. believes in C. cares for D. thinks of5. A. disappointed B. excited C. shocked D. satisfied6. A. shouted B. disagreed C. murmured D. whispered7. A. appeared B. knew C. existed D. came8. A. rolling B. breaking C. standing D. moving9. A. drop B. fetch C. throw D. cut10. A. up B. down C. on D. above11. A. simply B. quickly C. luckily D. quietly12. A. searched for B. found out C. watched over D. stared at13. A. therefore B. yet C. then D. so14. A. thought B. bravery C. opinion D. faith15. A. left B. sat C. stayed D. smiled16. A. trust B. belief C. mind D. power17. A. right B. family C. time D. way18. A. human B. natural C. mother's D. social19. A. will B. promise C. regret D. desire20. A. Where B. Immediately C. When D. Unless阅读理解A“Hey, Dad，” one of my kids asked the other day, “what was your favorite fast food when you were growing up？”“We didn't have fast food when I was growing up，” I informed him. “All the food was sl ow.”“Come on, seriously. Where did you eat？”“It was a place called ‘home’” I explained.“Grandma cooked every day and when Grandpa got home from work, we sat down together at the dining table, and if I didn't like what she put on my plate I was allowed to sit there until I liked it.”By this time, the kid was laughing so hard I was afraid he was going to suffer serious internal damage, so I didn't tell him the part about how I had to have permission to leave the table. But here are some other things I would have told him about my childhood if I figured his system could have handled it：I was 13 before I tasted my first pizza. It was called “pizza pie”. When I bit into it, I burned the roof of my mouth and the cheese slid off, swung down, and plastered itself against my chin. It's still the best pizza I ever had.Pizzas were not delivered to our home. But milk was. Bread and rolls came from the Omar man. All newspapers were delivered by boys and all boys delivered newspapers.I delivered a newspaper, six days a week even when the snow was 18 inches deep. It cost 7 cents a paper, of which I got to keep 2 cents, I had to get up at 4：00 a．m. every morning. On Saturdays, I had to collect the 42 cents from my customers.If you grew up in a generation before there was fast food, you may want to share some of these memories with your children or grandchildren. Growing up isn't what it used to be, is it?1. Hearing what the author said, his child probably thought ________.A. he was lucky to have fast foodB. it was unbelievable to live without fast foodC. how happy his own life wasD. his father was joking with him2. When he used to have meals with the adults, the author ________.A. had to watch his table mannersB. could choose what he likedC. was not given much freedomD. had to eat everything offered to him3. What do we know about the first pizza the author had?A. It left a good memory on him.B. The author didn't like it at all.C. It was too poorly made.D. He didn't know how to eat it.4. Why did the author talk about his experience of delivering newspapers?A. To show that his family used to be quite poor.B. To show that children before had to make a living by themselves.C. To show that he had gained a lot from the experience.D. To show that growing experience was quite different before.5. What's the author's attitude towards today's children?A. He thinks they are spoiled.B. He thinks they are too obsessed with fast food.C. He thinks they should go through some hardship.D. He doesn't give his personal opinion.BThe stereotype (固有观念) of computer scientists as nerds who stay up all night coding and have no social life may be driving women away from the field, according to a new study published this month. This stereotype can be brought to mind based only on the appearance of the environment in a classroom or an office.“When people think of computer science the image that immediately pops into many of their minds is about the computer geek(怪人) surrounded by such things as computer games, science fiction and junk food，” said Sapna Cheryan, a university of Washington assistant professor of psychology and the study's lead author. “That stereotype doesn't appeal to many women who don't like the portrait of masculinity(男性化)．”Cheryan set up four experiments involving more than 250 female and male students who were not studying computer science to look at possible reasons why the proportion of women in the field is dropping while the proportion of women in such disciplines as biology, mathematics and chemistry is increasing.In the first experiment, students entered a small classroom that either contained objects stereotypically associated with computer science such as Star Trek posters, video game boxes and Coke cans, or non-stereotypical items such as nature posters, art, a dictionary and coffee cups. The students were told to ignore these objects because the room was being shared with another class. After spending several moments in the classroom, the students filled out questionnaires(调查问卷) that asked about their attitude toward computer science.Women exposed to the stereotypical setup expressed less interest in computer science than those who saw the non-stereotypical objects. Men placed in the same situations did not show a similar drop in interest in computer science. Cheryan said this study suggests that a student's choice of classes or a major can be influenced by the appearance of classrooms, halls and offices.6. The underlined word “nerds” in Paragraph 1 probably refers to “________”．A. dull personsB. active personsC. intelligent personsD. funny persons7. Women are less likely to choose computer science because ________.A. it is too difficult for themB. they have wrong understanding of itC. the lifestyle of computer scientists turns them awayD. they don't like the social life of computer scientists8. A woman would probably lose interest in computer science when she sees a ________.A. Star Trek posterB. nature posterC. dictionaryD. coffee cup9. What can influence a woman's choice of classes, according to the passage?A. The contents of computer science.B. The space in the classroom.C. The number of students in the classroom.D. The classroom environment.10. According to the experiment, women are more likely to choose computer science if ________.A. it is made more lively and interestingB. they are exposed to the stereotypical setupC. they see the non-stereotypical objects in the classroomD. they are allowed to learn it without men参考答案1. 解析：选C。

2012高考英语二轮复习专题限时训练专题3 任务型阅读10（25分钟）（A）请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格中填入最适当的单词。

每空格1个单词。

Everyone needs a break, and vacations are not meant for serious study. Instead, they’re a great way to take a break and enjoy a good book. The Spring Festival is coming up so this is the perfect time to discuss some great English language literature to take on a long train journey or while you’re hanging out with the family.Before getting into the recommendations, we need to determine your English reading comprehen sion level so you don’t pick a book which is so challenging that it’s stressful or so simple that it’s boring.If you’re at the beginner level, there are two options: reading a children’s book or reading a book that you’ve read in Chinese translation. Thi s will help you get over any unfamiliar words or phrases, since you’re already familiar with the story. If you’re at the intermediate level, popular books like pop fiction, mysteries and thrillers are good options, as they’ll be guaranteed page turners and that will increase the possibility of your getting all the way through the book. For advanced readers, science fiction, classic works of literature or contemporary prize winners （Booker, Nobel, Pulitzer）are good options.The most important thing is to pi ck a book that you’re really interested in. When I pick up a new book in Chinese, the first few chapters are always really hard to get through, as I have to get accustomed to the way the individual author uses the language. But after the first few chapters, things get a lot easier, especially if I get involved in the story. Some of my favorite Chinese-language eye candy are books that are series like Brothers by Yu Hua or The Dancer by Hai Yan. I like them because there’s always a lot of action and story de velopment to keep me involved, which helps me make it through those first few chapters.Another great way to keep yourself motivated over the holiday is to find a friend who’s interested in reading the same book. You can make goals that you both want to achieve anddiscuss plot lines or vocabulary issues with each other by SMS or e-mail. I’m currently doing that with my friend Laura. We’ve been doing this since we were classmates in Chinese at college. Some quick recommendations: Harry Potter, start with the first book and go on from there; the Narnia series; anything by US writer Michael Crichton or British writer Agatha Christie; and if you like horror, US writer Stephen King is always unusual and fun. But really you should just find a topic or author that you’re interested in, and the rest will go from there. Happy reading!－from 21st Century（January 21, 2009）（B）Ambition is a necessary quality in life. It is the force which drives us on to use whatever talent we have got. If we haven’t got some degree of ambition, these talents will not be used for our own and other’s benefit. We must continually want to be better than we are. Without ambition we are just jellyfish that flop through life. We only react to events; we don’t try to control them.Ambition, however, can have several defects.First of all it can be unrealistic. We may not be able to see the limits of our own abilities, so we do ambitious things that are completely beyond us. Our career masters can see our good qualities and our limitations objectively. They may tell us that we haven’t th e ability to deal with people and would make good businessmen. We refuse to take their evaluation. We keep on trying. Many years and many disappointments later we are forced to accept their judgment. But what a waste of time our ill-founded ambition has caused us!Secondly, our ambition can be too concentrated. We devote our attention to one narrow aim, such as getting distinctions in our science subjects. Everything that may draw us away from this aim is cut out of our lives. In the end we get our distinctions. But what damage we have caused ourselves in the process! We are isolated beings who only care about a particular examination. And we probably won’t make good scientists. We lack the breadth of view necessary for success in higher studies.Thirdly, our ambition can be limited to lifeless objectives. We want to gain money, or power, or membership of some circles. Persons who feel inferior try to make up by seeking the respect of others through possessions of these artificial signs of worth.Fourthly, our ambition may be self-centered. Instead of directing some of our ambition towards community improvement we may exploit members of the community in the interests of self-advancements. In later life we may be ambitious for the success of our children but we regard this success as only a further mark of our own success.Ambition is necessary in the lives of individuals---necessary for their own improvement and for the improvement of the community in which they live. But, like all blind forces, it must be directed if it is not to cause disaster. It must be tightly controlled by the head and the heart. Otherwise ambition may demand too high a price in terms of human qualities.1.improve2. benefiting3. enable4. lacking5. greater6. reputation/fame7. selfish8.others’9. Conclusion 10.master。

湖北省2012高考英语二轮复习专题训练：阅读理解（2）阅读理解AA dog who chewed off his owner’s infected toe（脚趾）while he was passed-out drunk has been called a lifesaver. Jerry Douthett had been out drinking when his dog Kiko bit off a large part if his big toe. His wife, Rosee, rushed him to hospital where tests showed the 48-year-old musician had dangerous high blood-sugar levels. Doctors told him his toe would have had to be cut off anyway.Mr Douthett said he had refused to get medical advice despite his toe being swollen for months. “I was hiding it from people, Rosee included,” he said. “It smelled , and I look back now and realize every time we’d visit someone with a dog, their dog would smell all over my foot.”The night before Mr Douthett had agreed to see a doctor, he passed out at home after going out drinking. He said, “I woke up and the dog was lying along side by foot. I said, ‘Ah, there’s blood everywhere.’ I ran to the bathroom and started to scream.”However, he believes Kiko could sense the disease coming from his big toe. “He’s a hero,”Mr Douthett said. “It wasn’t an aggressive attack. He just ate the infection. He saved my life. He ate it. I mean, he must have eaten it, because we couldn’t find it anywhere else in the house. I look down. There’s blood all over, and my toe is gone.”Before the operation, Mr Douthett asked a nurse, “Is there any chance I can get whatever’s left of my toe, so I can give it to Kiko as a treat?”Kiko is still with the family but is under observation by authorities.1.Mr Douthett didn’t want to get medical treatment because ______ .A.he didn’t know about his disease at allB.he was unwilling to let others know about his diseaseC.doctors had no good ways to treat his bad toeD.his wife advised him not to do that2.From Paragraph 3 we can infer that ______ .A.Rosee managed to persuade her husband to go to hospitalB.Mr Douthett made his big toe worse by frequent drinkingC.Mr Douthett didn’t know his toe was chewed off at firstD.it is dangerous for people to let pet dogs sleep in the bedrooms3.What did Mr Douthett think of his dog ?A.It was clever and brave.B.It never attacked healthy people.C.It was a cruel but helpful dog.D.It was a dangerous dog in fact.BBritain’s symbolic red phone boxes have become out of date in the age of the mobile, but villages across the country are stepping in to save them, with creative intelligence. Whether as a place to exhibit art, poetry, or even as a tiny library, hundreds of phone boxes have been given a new life by local communities determined to preserve a typical part of British life. In Waterperry,a small village near Oxford, the 120 residents have filled the phone box next to the old house with a pot of flowers, piles of gardening and cooking magazines, and stuck poems on the walls.They took control of the phone box when telecoms operator BT said it was going to pull it down, an announcement that caused such dissatisfaction that one local woman threatened to chain herself to the box to save it. “I’d have done it,”insisted Kendall Turner. “It would have been heartbreaking for the village.”Local councilor Tricia Hallam, who came up with the idea for the phone box’s change, said quite a few people would have joined her, adding, “We couldn’t let it go because it’s a British symbol.”Only three feet by three feet wide, and standing 2.51-meter tall, the phone boxes were designed by Giles Gilbert Scott in 1936 for the 25th anniversary of the reign of King George V.Painted in “Post Office red” to match the post boxes, they were once a typical image of England and the backdrop（背景）to millions of tourist photographs.Eight years ago there were about 17,000 across Britain, but today, in a country where almost everybody has a mobile phone, 58 percent are no longer profitable and ten percent are only used once a month. “On average, maintaining them costs $800 a year per phone box —about ￡44 million annually,” said John Lunb, general manager for BT Payphones.4.Some red phone boxes in Britain have been used for ______ .a.selling flowersb.cookingc.readingd.exhibiting art or poetryA.a,bB.c,dC.a,b,cD.b,c,d5.Why do the villagers want to keep the red phone boxes ?A.Because millions of people visit Britain to see the red phone boxes.B.Because the local people could earn a lot of money from the red phone boxes.C.Because the red phone boxes have already become a symbol of Britain.D.Because the red phone boxes may be useful for some people in emergency.6.What is the color of the British post boxes according to the passage ?A.Green.B.Red.C.Black.D.Yellow.7.What is John Lumb’s attitude towards pulling down the red phone boxes ?A.Supportive.B.Opposed.C.Neutral.D.Indifferent.CIn bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child’s acquisition of each new skill-the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing．It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child: This might happen at any stage．A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads．On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself．Patents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children．Some may be especially strict in money matters．Others are severe over times of coming home at night or punctuality for meals．In general, the controls imposed represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the child’s own happiness．As regards the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is veryimportant in parental teaching．To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality．Also, parents should realize that “example is better than precept”．If they are not sincere and do not practice what they teach, their children may grow confused, and emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled．A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parents’ principles and their morals can be a dangerous disappointment．8.Eagerly watching the child’s acquisition of new skills _________．A.should be avoidedB.is universal among parentsC.sets up dangerous states of worry in the childD.will make him lose interest in learning new things9.In the process of children’s learning new skills, parents ______．A.should encourage them to read before they know the meaning of the words they readB.should not expect too much of themC.should achieve a balance between pushing them too hard and leaving them on their ownD.should create as many learning opportunities as possible10.The second paragraph mainly tells us that __________．A.parents should be strict with their childrenB.parental controls reflect only the needs of the parents and the values of the communityC.parental restrictions vary, and are not always intended for the benefit of the children aloneD.parents vary in their strictness towards their children according to the situation11.In moral matters, parents should __________．A.observe the rules themselvesB.be aware of the marked difference between adults and childrenC.forbid things which have no foundation in moralityD.consistently ensure the security of their childrenDAt about 4 am, after hours of being unable to sleep, of shivering in the cold mountain air and trying to silence my crying kids who kept waking up, of attempting to find a comfortable sleeping position, of listening to whether there might have been a bear outside our tent, I finally couldn’t stand it any more. I complained, “Everything has gone wrong.”My wife and I were in one tent with our two young kids. A hundred yards east away was Summit Lake, where the glorious early morning mist was shimmering（闪烁）off the water. A couple miles to the southwest was the base of the Lassen Peak Trail. The base was 8,000 feet above sea level, and huge snow dotted the scenery even in mid August. Further west still was Bumpass Hell, with steam rising up.As the sun crept up over the edge of the Lassen peak, we fired up the camp stove and had breakfast. Half an hour later, my six-year-old daughter and I were in the parking lot of the Lassen peak trail, getting ready to go up the mountainside. We wouldn’t make it all the way, but it didn’t matter. We would see nature at its extremes: the volcanic ash that layered on the earth turning the melting snow a mysterious pink as the sun struck it; the blues of the sky shading into theblues of distant lakes, which in turn shaded into the whites and grays of the snow.My daughter grabbed my camera. She wanted to take a photo of “the composite（混合物）”of colors. Looking out over that scenery, and seeing my daughter fascinated by nature, I felt stupid about my morning complaints.Yes, camping is uncomfortable. And yes, there’s a lot to be said for getting out a credit card,reserving a room in a nice hotel, and going out for a fancy meal. But there’s also something wonderful about being so close to raw nature. And , as important, there’s something vital about getting young children out of their increasingly modern comfort zones and forcing them to meet the world around them.12.According to the passage, what contributed to the author’s sleeplessness ?①the cold weather ②his crying children ③fear of bears④sounds of bears ⑤the aches of his lower back ⑥his own complaintsA. ①④⑥B. ①②③C. ②④⑤D. ②③⑤13.Which of the following maps correctly shows the places ?14.The underlined word “colors” in Paragraph 4 refers to ______ .A.blue, white, gray and pinkB.white, yellow, gray and pinkC.white, green ,gray and pinkD.blue, green,white and gray15.How did the author’s feeling change from the beginning to the end ?A.Calm→Satisfied.B.Excited→Frustrated.C.Sad→Calm.D.Regretful→Satisfied.16.Which of the following statements can be inferred from the passage ?A.Nature is the glass reflecting truth.B.Nature is the best scenery designer.C.The journey of a thousand miles starts with one step.D.A bad beginning makes a bad ending.EA new study has found that it may be possible to train people to be more intelligent, increasing the brainpower they had at birth．Until now，it has been widely assumed that the kind of mental ability that allows us to solve new problems without having any relevant previous experience—what psychologists call fluid intelligence—is innate and cannot be taught（though people can raise their grades on tests of it by practicing）．But in the new study，researchers describe a method for improving this skill，along with experiments to prove it works．The key, researchers found, was carefully structured training in working memory—the kind that allows memorization of a telephone number just long enough to dial it．This type of memory is closely related to fluid intelligence，so the researchers reasoned that improving it might lead to improvements in fluid intelligence．First they measured fluid intelligence of volunteers using standard tests．Then they trained each in a complicated memory task—the child’s card game，in which they had to recall a card they saw and heard．During the course, they needed to ignore irrelevant items, monitor ongoing performance，manage two tasks at the same time and connect related items to one another in space and time．The four groups experienced a half-hour of training daily for 8, 12, 17 and 19 days, respectively．To make sure they were not just improving their test-taking skills，the researchers compared them with control groups that took the tests without the training．The results, published Monday in The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences，were striking．Improvement in the trained groups was a lot greater．Moreover，the longer they trained, the higher their scores were．All performers，from the weakest to the strongest，showed significant improvement．“Our results show you can increase your intelligence with proper training．” said Dr Jaeggi, a co-author of the paper．“No one knows how long the gains will last after training stops,” he added, “and the experiment’s design did not allow the researchers to determine whe ther more training would continue to produce further gains．”17.The researchers thought the key to improving the intelligence was ______________．A.memorizing telephone numbersB.improving working memoryC.training in concentrationD.recalling a card18.The following aspects of the training help increase intelligence EXCEPT___________．A.ignoring irrelevant itemsB.monitoring ongoing performanceC.managing two tasks at the same timeing previous experience19.When the experiment was conducted, the researchers______________．A.trained the four groups for the same period of timeB.only made comparisons between the four groupspared the four groups with control groupsD.trained the four groups together20.By writing the article，the writer intends to ______________．rm the readers of a new studyB.call on people to be trained to increase intelligenceC.prove one’s born brainpower can be improvedD.tell people the improved intelligence will last forever1—3 BCA 4—7 BCBA 8—11 BCCA12—16 BCADB 17—20 BDCA。

2012届高考英语二轮专题总复习阅读理解能力综合培养（三）：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AGoldie's SecretShe turned up at the doorstep of my house in Cornwall. No way could I have sent her away. No way, not me anyway. Maybe someone had kicked her out of their car the night before. "We're moving house.'; "No space for her any more with the baby coming." "We never really wanted her, but what could we have done? She was a present." People find all sorts of excuses for abandoning an animal. And she was one of the most beautiful dogs I had ever seen.I called her Goldie. If I had known what was going to happen I would have given hera more creative name. She was so unsettled during those first few days. She hardly ate anything and had such an air of sadness about her. There was nothing I could do to make her happy, it seemed. Heaven knows what had happened to her at her previous owner's. But eventually at the end of the first week she calmed down. Always by my side, whether we were out on one of our long walks or sitting by the fire.That's why it was such a shock when she pulled away from me one day when we were out for a walk. We were a long way from home, when she started barking and getting very restless. Eventually I couldn't hold her any longer and she raced off down the road towards a farmhouse in the distance as fast as she could.By the time I reached the farm I was very tired and upset with Goldie. But when I saw her licking (舔) the four puppies (幼犬) I started to feel sympathy towards them. "We didn't know what had happened to her," said the woman at the door. "I took her for a walk one day, soon after the puppies were born, and she just disappeared." "She must have tried to come back to them and got lost," added a boy from behind her.I must admit I do miss Goldie, but I've got Nugget now, and she looks just like her mother. And I've learnt a good lesson: not to judge people.1. How did the author feel about Goldie when Goldie came to the house?A. Shocked.B. Sympathetic.C. Annoyed.D. Upset.2. In her first few days at the author's house, Goldie ______.A. felt worriedB. was angryC. ate a littleD. sat by the fire3 Goldie rushed off to a farmhouse one day because she ______.A. saw her puppiesB. heard familiar barkingC. wanted to leave the authorD. found her way to her old home4. The passage is organized in order of ______.A. timeB. effectivenessC. importanceD. complexityBOpen Letter to an EditorI had an interesting conversation with a reporter recently --- one who works for you. In fact, he's one of your best reporters. He wants to leave.Your reporter gave me a copy of his resume(简历) and photocopies of six stories that he wrote for you. The headlines showed you played them proudly. With great enthusiasm, he talked about how he finds issues(问题), approaches them, and writes about them, which tells me he is one of your best. I'm sure you would hate to lose him. Surprisingly, your reporter is not unhappy. In fact, he told me he really likes his job. He has a great assignment (分工), and said you run a great paper. It would be easy for you to keep him, he said. He knows that the paper values him. He appreciates the responsibility you've given him, takes ownership of his profession, and enjoys his freedom.So why is he looking for a way out?He talked to me because he wants his editors to demand so much more of him. He wants to be pushed, challenged, coached to new heights.The reporter believes that good stories spring from good questions, but his editors usually ask how long the story will be, when it will be in, where it can play, and what the budget is.He longs for conversations with an editor who will help him turn his good ideas into great ones. He wants someone to get excited about what he's doing and to help him turn his story idea upside down and inside out, exploring the best ways to report it. He wants to be more valuable for your paper. That's what you want for him, too, isn't it?So your reporter has set me thinking.Our best hope in keeping our best reporters, copy editors, photographers, artists --- everyone --- is to work harder to make sure they get the help they are demanding to reach their potential. If we can't do it, they'll find someone who can.5. What does the writer think of the reporter?A. Optimistic.B. Imaginative.C. Ambitious.D. Proud.6. What does the reporter want most from his editors in their talks?A. Finding the news value of his stories.B. Giving him financial support.C. Helping him to find issues.D. Improving his good ideas.7 Who probably wrote the letter?A. An editor.B. An artist.C. A reporter.D. A reader.8. The letter aims to remind editors that they should ______.A. keep their best reporters at all costsB. give more freedom to their reportersC. be aware of their reporters' professional developmentD. appreciate their reporters' working styles and attitudesCPacing and PausingSara tried to befriend her old friend Steve's new wife, but Betty never seemed to have anything to say. While Sara felt Betty didn't hold up her end of the conversation, Betty complained to Steve that Sara never gave her a chance to talk. The problem had to do with expectations about pacing and pausing.Conversation is a turn-taking game. When our habits are similar, there's no problem. But if our habits are different, you may start to talk before I'm finished or failto take your turn when I'm finished. That's what was happening with Betty and Sara. It may not be coincidental that Betty, who expected relatively longer pauses between turns, is British, and Sara, who expected relatively shorter pauses, is American. Betty often felt interrupted by Sara. But Betty herself became an interrupter and found herself doing most of the talking when she met a visitor from Finland. And Sara had a hard time cutting in on some speakers from Latin America or Israel.The general phenomenon, then, is that the small conversation techniques, like pacing and pausing, lead people to draw conclusions not about conversational style but about personality and abilities. These habitual differences are often the basis for dangerous stereotyping (思维定式). And these social phenomena can have very personal consequences. For example, a woman from the southwestern part of the US went to live in an eastern city to take up a job in personnel. When the Personnel Department got together for meetings, she kept searching for the right time to break in --- and never found it. Although back home she was considered outgoing and confident, in Washington she was viewed as shy and retiring. When she was evaluated at the end of the year, she was told to take a training course because of her inability to speak up.That's why slight differences in conversational style --- tiny little things like microseconds of pause --- can have a great effect on one's life. The result in this case was a judgment of psychological problems --- even in the mind of the woman herself, who really wondered what was wrong with her and registered for assertiveness training.9. What did Sara think of Betty when talking with her?A. Betty was talkative.B. Betty was an interrupter.C. Betty did not take her turn.D. Betty paid no attention to Sara.10. According to the passage, who are likely to expect the shortest pauses between turns?A. Americans.B. Israelis.C. The British.D. The Finns.11. We can learn from the passage that ______.A. communication breakdown results from short pauses and fast pacingB. women are unfavorably stereotyped in eastern cities of the USC. one's inability to speak up is culturally determined sometimesD. one should receive training to build up one's confidence12. The underlined word "assertiveness" in the last paragraph probably means ______.A. being willing to speak one's mindB. being able to increase one's powerC. being ready to make one's own judgmentD. being quick to express one's ideas confidentlyDThe Cost of Higher EducationIndividuals (个人) should pay for their higher education.A university education is of huge and direct benefit to the individual. Graduates earn more than non-graduates. Meanwhile, social mobility is ever more dependent on having a degree. However, only some people have it. So the individual, not the taxpayers, should pay for it. There are pressing calls on the resources (资源) of the government. Using taxpayers' money to help a small number of people to earn highincomes in the future is not one of them.Full government funding (资助) is not very good for universities. Adam Smith worked in a Scottish university whose teachers lived off student fees. He knew and looked down upon 18th-century Oxford, where the academics lived comfortably off the income received from the government. Guaranteed salaries, Smith argued, were the enemy of hard work; and when the academics were lazy and incompetent, the students were similarly lazy.If students have to pay for their education, they not only work harder, but also demand more from their teachers. And their teachers have to keep them satisfied. If that means taking teaching seriously, and giving less time to their own research interests, that is surely something to celebrate.Many people believe that higher education should be free because it is good for the economy (经济). Many graduates clearly do contribute to national wealth, but so do all the businesses that invest (投资) and create jobs. If you believe that the government should pay for higher education because graduates are economically productive, you should also believe that the government should pay part of business costs. Anyone promising to create jobs should receive a gift of capital from the government to invest. Therefore, it is the individual, not the government, who should pay for their university education.13. The underlined word "them" in Paragraph 2 refers to ______.A. taxpayersB. pressing callsC. college graduatesD. government resources14. The author thinks that with full government funding ______.A. teachers are less satisfiedB. students are more demandingC. students will become more competentD. teachers will spend less time on teaching15. The author mentions businesses in Paragraph 5 in order to ______.A. argue against free university educationB. call on them to finance students' studiesC. encourage graduates to go into businessD. show their contribution to higher education参考答案高BADAC DACCB CDBDA。

2012年高考英语模拟试卷（一）阅读理解A篇作者通过观察水与岩石争夺有利位置的故事，告诉我们在应对挑战的时候，也应该像水那样，敞开胸怀并且灵活多变，适时调整方向。

56．B。

细节理解题，根据第一段While relaxing and enjoying the aloneness, I sensed a battle for favorable position between the highly-spirited water and the large rocks resting on the bed along the edges of the stream可知，当时作者的心情是轻松愉快的。

57．C。

推理判断题。

根据第二段At first，the rocks，stubborn，immovable and unbending, seemed to have their way with their adversary可推断出，岩石一直坚持最初的方法，倔强地阻止流水的行进。

58．A。

推理判断题，根据第二段However, the water, determined yet forgiving, seemed merely inconvenienced by the presence of the rocks, as it effortlessly changed its course running towards its original destination可推断，流水获得胜利的主要原因是灵活多变。

59．D。

作者意图题。

根据文中最后一段可知,作者写水与岩石的故事，目的是告诉读者应该如何正确面对挑战。

B篇美国马里兰州推出了一项名为Prisoners Against Teen Tragedy的活动，让学生去监狱参观，警醒学生规范自己的行为从而远离犯罪。

60．D。

词义猜测题．根据下文They tell the youth what they went through as a child, what their crimes consist of可知，inmates指的是监狱里的囚犯。

C单元　阅读理解 C1 人物传记类 C1[2012·上海卷] (A) Phil White has just returned from an 18,000-mile, around-the-world bicycle trip. White had two reasons for making this epic journey. First of all, he wanted to use the trip to raise money for charity, which he did. He raised ￡70,000 for the British charity, Oxfam. White's second reason for making the trip was to break the world record and become the fastest person to cycle around the world. He is still waiting to find out if he has broken the record or not. White set off from Trafalgar Square, in London, on 19th June 2004 and was back 299 days later. He spent more than 1,300 hours in the saddle (车座) and destroyed four sets of tyres and three bike chains. He had the adventure of his life crossing Europe, the Middle East, India, Asia, Australia, New Zealand and the Americas. Amazingly, he did all of this with absolutely no support team. No jeep carrying food, water and medicine. No doctor. Nothing! Just a bike and a very, very long road. The journey was lonely and desperate at times. He also had to fight his way across deserts, through jungles and over mountains. He cycled through heavy rains and temperatures of up to 45 degrees, all to help people in need. There were other dangers along the road. In Iran, he was chased by armed robbers and was lucky to escape with his life and the little money he had. The worst thing that happened to him was having to cycle into a headwind on a road that crosses the south of Australia. For 1,000 kilometres he battled against the wind that was constantly pushing him. This part of the trip was slow, hard work and depressing, but he made it in the end. Now Mr. White is back and intends to write a book about his adventures. 65. When Phil White returned from his trip, he ________. A. broke the world record B. collected money for Oxfam C. destroyed several bikes D. travelled about 1,300 hours 66. What does the word “epic” in Paragraph 1 most probably mean? A. Very slow but exciting. B. Very long and difficult. C. Very smooth but tiring. D. Very lonely and depressing. 67. During his journey around the world, Phil White ________. A. fought heroically against robbers in Iran B. experienced the extremes of heat and cold C. managed to ride against the wind in Australia D. had a team of people who travelled with him 68. Which of the following words can best describe Phil White?A. Imaginative.B. Patriotic.C. Modest.D. Determined. 【要点综述】本文讲述了Phil White进行环球自行车旅行的原因及艰难历程。

2012届高考英语二轮专题复习阅读局部精选系列〔二〕该题型的测试目的是从多方位多角度考查考生通过阅读获取信息、处理信息并进展书面表达的能力。

比传统的阅读理解题型更具综合性和主观性，更能表现对考生的综合语言运用能力的考查。

1、主旨概括：主要考查考生对文章内容的整体把握能力。

要想答好该题，考生必须有很强的概括能力或归纳能力，要善于寻找能够概括全文的主题段落或者主题句，剔除文中的细节事实或者作者所用的论据，即要分清主旨和细节，概括出来的中心意思一定要能够覆盖全文或整个段落，绝对不可太笼统离题太远或者以偏概全；文中标题格式可以是完整的句子，简洁的短语，也可以用问题的形式，同时要注意字数要求。

具体的表达可以先根据文章内容找出关键词，再在此根底上确定文章标题或者文章的main idea。

2、同义句替换：只有准确理解所给句子的意义，才能准确快速地找出原文中意义一样的句子。

3、填空：回答此类问题时，一定首先注意弄清楚上下文的逻辑关系，如递进、转折、并列、比照、因果等等；然后根据上下文的含义搞清楚空白处该填句子还是短语或者单词，再读上下文，最后确定答案。

4、翻译句子：在该类题目中要求翻译的句子往往是结果较为复杂或者包括一些特定习语的句子。

因此再翻译之前一定要先分析句子结构，并结合文章中心思想以与上下文弄清句子所在的语境，同时还要注意英、汉两种语言与其问题特征的差异，最后在忠实于原文的根底上，把画线局部的句子翻译成符合汉语表达习惯的句子。

5、封闭性问题：封闭性问题是指答案是固定或唯一的问题，一般可在文章中找到明确的答案或依据，包括常见的wh-questions。

6、开放性问题：开放性问题是阅读表达中主观性最强的试题，要求考生结合个人的观点、经验来回答相关问题。

下面通过一篇阅读表达实例对各种类型问题的答题技巧进展说明。

An American friend of mine who was high up in a big corporation had worked out a way of handling a flood of e-mails before most of us hadeven heard of the concept. If any information he was sent was vital enough, his lack of response would ensure these nder rang himup, if the sender wasn’t important enough to have his private number, the communication couldn’t be that important, my friend is now even more senior in the same company so the strategy must work.Almost every week now there seems to be a report suggesting that we are all being driven crazy by the bother of e-mail. If this is the case, it’s only because we haven’t developed an appropriate discrimination in dealing with it._________. Firstly, you junk nothing with an exclamation mark or a string of capital letters, or from any addres s you don’t recognize or feel confident about. Secondly, e-mails don’t a ll have to be answered. Because e-mailing is soeasy, there’s a tendency forcorrespondence to carry on for ever, but it is permissible to stop an endless discussion or to accept a point of information sent by a colleague without acknowledging it.Thirdly,a reply e-mail doesn’t have to be the same length as the original. We all have e-mail pals who send long, chatty e-mail, which are nice to receive, but who then expect an equally long reply. The charm of e-mail can consist in the simple, incomplete sentence, totallyregardless of the format of the letter sent by post. You are perfectly within the bounds of politeness inresponding to a marathon e-mail with a better reply.1．Which sentence in the passage is the closest in meaning to the following one? The possible existence of annoyance results from our inability to sort out e-mails ___________________________________________________________________2．Fill in the blank in Paragraph 3 with a proper sentence.(within 10 words )___________________________________________________________________3．What advice is given in the last paragraph? (within 10 words)____________________________________________________________________4．For what purpose does the author mention his American friend in Paragraph 1 ?(within10 words)____________________________________________________________________5．Translate the underlined sentence in the last paragraph into Chinese.____________________________________________________________________答案与解析：1．Which sentence in the passage is the closest in meaning to the following one? The possible existence of annoyance results from our inability to sort out e-mails 1. 答案：If this is the case, it’s only because we haven’t developed an appropriate discrimination in dealing with it.解析：该题为同意句替换题，细读所给句子，不难得出其意义“这些令人恼火的情况之所以存在，是因为我们没有对电子邮件进展分类的能力〞。

高三英语试题分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

AThe story begins in 1801. Mr Lockwood has rented a house in Yorkshire, so he goes to visit his new landlord, Mr Heathcliff, at his house on the moors nearby, Wuthering Heights. He is not welcomed and the house is full of frightening dogs, but he decides to return the following afternoon, although asnowstorm is beginning.This time he is met by an old servant, Joseph, and a beautiful young woman. He thinks she is Hea thcliff’s wife, but she does not invite him to tea, and when Heathcliff comes in, asks his permission before pouring Lockwood a cup. When Lockwood mistakes her for Heathcliff’s wife, he is told she is his daughter-in-law, so he supposes she is married to a rough young man who has come in and is sitting silently in the background. This makes the young man angry, and Heathcliff says he is not his son. No one makes the mystery clear, so Lockwood asks for help to find the way home. Since no one will do anything for him, he takes a lantem to light his way over the moors but is attacked by the dogs. Heathcliff just laughs, but the maid Zillah, rescues him and puts him in a bedroom in the house without telling her master.56．Mr Lockwood has rented a house in Yorkshire, .A．but he knows nothing about his landlordB．and he wants to find out some of the landlord’s secretsC．although he hates the cold weather thereD．because he will stay there for a long time57．Bes ides frightening dogs, the landlord’s house is full of .A．servants B．strangers C．laughter D．mystery58．In the landlork’s house, Mr Lockwood finds most people there .A．helpful B．rude C．calm D．funnyBSafeburnPlanning a home demands great care. The fireplace should be distinctive (有特色) and elegant （美观）, with a fire that looks like a fire, giving your family the warmth and protection they need.Every year 7,000 people die in fires in Britain, and hundreds of them are little children. Thousands more are disfigured for life.When you choose a fire, choose Safeburn. It gives you the atmosphere of home comfort you are looking for, and sets your mind at rest.Caithness PrideCaithness Pride. The ninth Duke of Caithness would only drink the best whisky. So he built his own private still, in the heart of the Highlands, with the fresh water running in the stream nearby. When we came into possession of the still, we paid the Duke’s heirs（后嗣）a lot of money for it. But it was worth it. After all, what was good for the Duke is too good to be kept a secret.59．The above two passages are .A．the covers for two booksB．the descriptions about two picturesC．the advertisements for two picturesD．the advice on home planning and whisky drinking60．Fire can provide people with all the following except .A．heat B．home comfort C．great care D．peace61．In most British houses, you won’t miss seeing fireplaces in their sitting rooms, whi ch suggests in British people’s family life fire is very .A．warm B．important C．dangerous D．distinctive and elegant 62．From the second passage we’ve learnt that to make good whisky people need .A．a famous person’s name B．a private stillC．good water D．good land63．In the second passage, they are trying to make it clear that .A．their whisky was once drunk by a very famous personB．their whisky still was built by the ninth Duke of CaithnessC．their whisky is not expensiveD．their whisky is second to noneCRay Charles was born on September 23rd, 1930 into a poor family in Georgia, U.S.A. His father was a railwayman who had to travel a lot, so Ray was brought up mainly by his mother, who, though not very well educated, was full of common sense. When he went blind after a serious sickness at the age of seven, it was his mother who helped him to face up to the situation. She told him he was blind, not stupid, and that he had lost his eyes but not his mind, she made him sweep floors and chop wood to show him he was by no means helpless. She used to tell him that some day she would not be there to help him, and that then he would have to look after himself.Soon after he went blind, Ray began to take an interest in music. A neighbour showed him how to play simple tunes on the piano, and he had a love for the music he heard, played and sung in the local church. In the blind school the schoolteachers encouraged him to study a variety of instruments, Then, one more blow came. His mother died suddenly, and Ray, who loved her deeply, was so shocked that for two weeks he was unable to eat. It was another neighbour who finally managed to persuade him that his mother would have wanted him to go on, and reminded him of how she had believed in him. When his father died a year later, Ray knew he was strong enough to keep going on his own.Between the ages of fifteen and seventeen, Ray worked with bands in Florida, but in 1948, while still only seventeen, he decided that there wasn’t much future for him there and decided to go to Seattle, in the north-west of the U.S.A.Ray arrived in Seattle and went to a small hotel to sleep. When he woke up, he was hungry. It was two o’ clock in the morning, and everywhere was closed. Ray managed to find a sm all club and knocked on the door. A man on the door said they had no food, but “we’ ve got a talent night on here,” he added. Ray saw his chance and told the man he could play the piano and sing. The man tried to discourage him, but he was finally guided to the piano and sang a song. As he came off the stand, a man stopped him and said, “I’m from the Elks Club. I think you’ve got a weekend job.” That was Tuesday. By Friday he was working regularly, and after that he never looked back. It was the beginning of his climb to stardom. 64．Although he was blind, Ray’s mother made him sweep floors and chop wood for the purpose of making him .A．helpless B．independent C．encouraged D．useful65．What played the most important part in Ray’s life?A．His interest and talent in music.B．His work with bands in Florida.C．His neighbours’ help and his teachers’ encouragement.D．His mother’s training.66．What happened that made him extremely sad when he was a teenager?A ．He went blind.B ．He lost his mother.C ．He became fatherless.D ．The man tried to discourage him. 67．Ray got his big opportunity to success . A ．in Georgia B ．in the blind school C ．in Florida D ．in SeattleDElectric shockInjuries caused by electric shock are fairly common. When a person has received an electric shock, no one should go near him/her until the current has been turned off. If a shock occurring at work or at home causes someone to lose consciousness （知觉）, electrical connection must be broken before anyone tries to give assistance. You should either turn off the switch at the mains or, if that is not possible, push the person away with a dry piece of wood. Treatment of shockLook out for signs of shock. People who have been injured or who may have lost a lot of blood, or those who have had heart attacks, may be in deep shock. The signs to look for are faintness, paleness, a moist, sticky skin, shallow, rapid breathing and a fast but weak heartbeat.Shock can prove fatal, and it is essential to do something to prevent its developing. The best way to treat or prevent shock is to keep the patient lying down, better with the legs higher than the head; if possible, raise the lower part of the body on a rolled-up packet or similar object. Make the patient as comfortable as possible, loosening any tight clothing, and comfort him/her because fright increases the effects of shock.68．Match the pictures with the passages. A ．Picture 2. Electric shock; Picture 3. Treatment of shock B ．Picture 1. Electric shock; Picture 4. Treatment of shock C ．Picture 4. Electric shock; Picture 2. Treatment of shock D ．Picture 3. Electric shock; Picture 1. Treatment of shock69．The above passages and pictures have something to do with . A ．how to deal with difficulties B ．how to do first aid C ．how to face danger D ．how to match pictures with passages70．What would happen if you didn ’t turn off the current when you had to treat an unconsciousperson who had just received an electric shock? A ．He would regain his consciousness soon. B ．He would die soon. C ．Electrical connection would be broken.D ．You would be in danger of getting the shock yourself.71．Of the following adjectives chosen from above, which one has the meaning of “causing death”? A ．Fatal. B ．Sticky. C ．Essential. D ．Unconscious.ESir,The majority of your readers must have been surprised and shocked to read a letter from Mr R. Hogg, published in last Wednesday’s Herald. Mr. Hogg seems to think that his own convenience and that of motorists in general are the only things that matter in our city.I would have more sympathy （同情）with Mr Hogg if he just made suggestions to improve the situation. No doubt his problems would be partly solved if the local government built a multi-storey car park in the city center, instead of encouraging motorists to use public transport. All the same, judging from the tone of Mr Hogg’s letter, I suspect that motorists who are so careless of pedestrians’（行人）safety that they would rather park their cars on the pavement than hold up the traffic would probably be too lazy to use a multi-storey car park if they had to walk a few hundred yards to their destination （目的地）afterwards.My main reason for writing, however, is much more important. Does Mr Hogg realize that, according to figures issued by the Department of Transport, 13,000 people were knocked down in Britain last year because of cars being illegally parked either on the pavement or on crossings? In fact, although the total pedestrian casualty （伤亡事故）rate has fallen over the last ten years, there has been an increase in accidents caused when pedestrians have to step out into the road to avoid parked cars on the pavement and cannot see oncoming traffic.I cannot share Mr Hogg’s view that the government have paid little attention to “long -suffering motorists”; and I think the punishment for dangerous parking should be made severe enough to stop all motorists from breaking the law in this way.A. WALKER,Proudfoot Lane, Carchester 72．The letter above is written in answer to the letter by . A ．an editor B ．a certain Mr R. Hogg C ．some readers D ．some motorists 73．The topic for the two letters is . A ．parking problems in the city center B ．building a multi-storey car park in the city center C ．public transport D ．the increase in accidents caused by parked cars on the pavement74．What Mr. A. Walker does want to make known in his letter is that . A ．the total pedestrian casualty rate has fallen B ．careless parking may cause serious traffic accidents C ．the convenience of motorists in general matters much D ．the safety of pedestrians matters little75．In Mr A. Walker’s opinion, serverer punishment should be given to . A ．all the careless motorists B ．all the law breakers C ．all who step out into the road D ．all who do dangerous parking第Ⅱ卷（共35分）第四部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。

2012届高考英语二轮专题总复习阅读理解精选（二）ASALT LAKE CITY，March 1,2010－Like silkworm moths(吞蛾)，butterflies and spiders，caddisfly larvae(虫蛾幼虫)spin silk，but they do so underwater instead of on dry land.Now，University of Utah researchers have discovered why the fly’s silk i s sticky(黏性的)when wet and how that may make it valuable as an adhesive tape(黏胶带)during an operation.“Silk from caddisfly larvae may be useful some day as a medical adhesive for sticking wet tissues，”says Russell Stewart，an associate professor of bioengineering and principal author of a new study of the fly silk’s chemical and structural properties.“I picture it as sort of a wet Band­Aid，maybe used inside in operations－like using a piece of tape to close a cut，”he adds.“Gluing things together underwater is not easy.Have you ever tried to put a Band­Aid on in the shower？This insect has been doing this for 150 million to 200 million years.”There are thousands of caddisfly species worldwide.Some species spend their larval stages developing underwater，and buil d an inch­long，tube­shaped case or shelter around themselves using sticky silk and grains of rock or sand.Other species use silk，small sticks and pieces of leaves.Each larva has a head and four legs that stick out from the tube.The larval case gets wider as the larva grows.A caddisfly larva eventually pupates(化蛹)as it develops into an adult fly and then hatches. Caddisflies now live around the world in waters ranging from fast streams to quiet low­lying wet land.The caddisflies’ adaptation to diverse habita ts is largely due to the inventive use by their larva of underwater silk to build complex structures for protection and food gathering.Caddisflies fall into two groups.Some build their case and then drag it along with them underwater as they search for food.Some build a shelter glued to a rock，with a silk net to catch passing food.本文是一篇新闻报道。