Unit 3BOM ReportingUnit OverviewThis unit analyzes the BOM structures according to various reporting functions and describes additional functions for BOM management.With the help of the BOM reporting functions,participants analyze •The BOM structure and learn how to adapt the print output.•How to work with the product structure browser as well as how to use the mass processingfunctions.Unit ObjectivesAfter completing this unit,you will be able to:•BOM explosion,where-used list and BOM comparison •Mass changes and the product structure browser Unit ContentsLesson:BOM explosion,where-used list,BOM comparison .................120Exercise 5:BOM explosion,where-used list,BOM comparison.........125Lesson:Mass Changes and the Product Structure Browser..................133Exercise 6:Mass Changes and the Product Structure Browser (137)Unit3:BOM Reporting PLM110Lesson:BOM explosion,where-used list,BOM comparison Lesson OverviewBOM explosion,where-used list and BOMcomparisonLesson ObjectivesAfter completing this lesson,you will be able to:•BOM explosion,where-used list and BOM comparisonBusiness ExampleThe structure of a BOM needs to bechecked.Figure59:BOM ExplosionThe BOM explosion answers this question:What does a product consist of?This question arises in various situations,such as when:•You need to determine the requirements for a product•The engineering design department needs to look at the overall structure of a product•You need an overview of all the necessary parts and materials•You need to calculate costs or effects of cost changesPLM110Lesson:BOM explosion,where-used list,BOM comparisonThe BOM application defines the following criteria for the search procedure:•Priority of BOM where-used list•Priority of a specific alternative for a particular multiple BOM•Production versions in the material master•Checks for particular status indicatorsIn your user master record you can enter a default value for the BOM applicationfield.This value is the SET-/GET-parameter CSA.Figure 60:Where-Used ListsYou can create where-used lists for:•Work centers•Capacities•Production resources/tools•Reference operation sets•Materials•DocumentsYou can use the object overview to select the list you require.Unit 3:BOM ReportingPLM110Figure 61:Single-Level and Multi-Level Material Where-Used ListsThe where-used list provides an answer to this question:Where is a material used and in what quantity?This question arises especially where there are a lot of multiple-use parts and materials.Examples of situations where this information is required:•To calculate the requirements for a particular material•To find the products that are affected by a change to an individual part•To find the assemblies that will be produced late because,for example,deliveryof a raw material is delayed•To calculate the cost effects on a product if raw materials costs changePLM110Lesson:BOM explosion,where-used list,BOMcomparisonFigure 62:BOM ComparisonThe BOM comparison is useful if:•Several BOMs exist for a material•These have different uses•There are different change statusesThe comparison can be single-level or multi-level.You can select which fields you want to compare.Unit3:BOM Reporting PLM110PLM110Lesson:BOM explosion,where-used list,BOM comparisonExercise 5:BOM explosion,where-used list,BOM comparisonExercise ObjectivesAfter completing this exercise,you will be able to:•Use BOM explosion functions to analyze your plant-specific BOMBusiness ExampleThe engineering design department checks the BOMs that have been created.Task 1:1.For reporting ,use BOM application “Production –general”=PP01.2.Which items in multilevel BOM T-F##(plant 1000)have spare part indicatorA ?3.Which items in multilevel BOM T-F##are spare parts?Continued on next pageUnit 3:BOM Reporting PLM1104.Which items are non-stock items?5.Which item is handled as bulk material ?6.How many hexagon head screws M10(100-130)are required for 10pumps(T-F##)?Which report are you using for this?7.In which materials and in what quantities is the hexagon head screw 100-130used?Continued on next pagePLM110Lesson:BOM explosion,where-used list,BOM comparisonTask 2:pare your BOM T-F##in plant 1000with the group BOM for T-F##single-level and differentiated with Where-used list 1.2.Which items are similar,the same and different ?3.Select only the object description as a field to compare.Repeat the comparison.Which items are now similar,the same and different ?Reset the fields to comparepare your BOM T-F##(plant 1000)with BOM P-100(plant 1000)–multi-level and summarized with application PP01.Compare stock items only.Unit 3:BOM Reporting PLM110Solution 5:BOM explosion,where-used list,BOM comparisonTask 1:1.For reporting ,use BOM application “Production –general”=PP01.Answer:BOM ExplosionLogistics →Production →Master Data →Bills of Material:orLogistics →Central Functions →Engineering →Bill of Material ...Reporting→BOM Explosion →Material BOM →BOM Level by Level:Material:T-F##(Default)Plant:1000(Default)Application:PP01(Production –general)2.Which items in multilevel BOM T-F##(plant 1000)have spare part indicatorA ?Answer:Icon:View Spare part:A (Spare part customer A)Icon:ExecuteFly wheel:100-2003.Which items in multilevel BOM T-F##are spare parts?Answer:Back with F3Icon:ViewSpare part sel.X (All spare parts)Caution :(Spare part:A delete )Icon:ExecuteFly wheel:100-200Continued on next pagePLM110Lesson:BOM explosion,where-used list,BOM comparison4.Which items are non-stock items?Answer:Back with F3Icon:ViewItem category N (non-stock item)Caution :(Spare part sel.X delete )Icon:ExecuteA non-stock item.5.Which item is handled as bulk material ?Answer:Back with F3Icon ViewSelect Bulk materialCaution :(Delete item category N)Icon:ExecuteHexagon head screw M10:100-130.6.How many hexagon head screws M10(100-130)are required for 10pumps(T-F##)?Which report are you using for this?Answer:Summarized BOMLogistics →Production →Master Data →Bills of Material:orLogistics →Central Functions →Engineering →Bill of Material ...Reporting→BOM Explosion →Material BOM →Summarized BOMMaterial,plant,applicaton as above unter 1,Required quantity 10Icon:ExecuteRead number:110including totals indicator.Continued on next pageUnit 3:BOM Reporting PLM1107.In which materials and in what quantities is the hexagon head screw 100-130used?Answer:Where-used listLogistics →Production →Master Data →Bills of Material:orLogistics →Central Functions →Engineering →Bill of Material ...Reporting→Where-Used List →Material:Material:100-130Type of where-used list:DirectIcon:Next screenHit list:1Plant:1000or *Task 2:pare your BOM T-F##in plant 1000with the group BOM for T-F##single-level and differentiated with Where-used list 1.Answer:BOM Comparison Logistics →Production →Master Data →Bills of Material:orLogistics →Central Functions →Engineering →Bill of Material ...Reporting→BOM Comparison:2.Which items are similar,the same and different ?Answer:Primary and secondary BOM:Material BOM (if necessary):–>Goto–>Primary and Secondary BOM type )Single-level comparison button Enter the group BOM (T-F##without a plant)and the plant-specific BOM (T-F##with plant).Valid from:Today’s datePushbutton:parisonItems 20are similar .Items 10and 30are the same .The remaining items are different .Go to –>Extras –>Layout to incorporate the item numbers of the two billsof material.Continued on next pagePLM110Lesson:BOM explosion,where-used list,BOM comparison3.Select only the object description as a field to compare.Repeat the comparison.Which items are now similar,the same and different ?Reset the fields to compareAnswer:Back with F3(on the initial screen:Goto →Fields to compare:Select only the object description as a comparison criterion,copy ,and repeat the comparison.Items 20are now the same because the quantities are no longer being compared.All other details are the same as above.Back with F3Goto →Fields to compare:Pushbutton:Resetpare your BOM T-F##(plant 1000)with BOM P-100(plant 1000)–multi-level and summarized with application PP01.Compare stock items only.Answer:BOM Comparison →Multi-level comparison:(or use pushbutton)Icon:Further settingsItem category:L (Continue).Application:PP01(Production –general)Pushbutton:Summarized comparisonUnit3:BOM ReportingPLM110Lesson SummaryYou should now be able to:•BOM explosion,where-used list and BOM comparisonPLM110Lesson:Mass Changes and the Product Structure BrowserLesson:Mass Changes and the Product Structure Browser Lesson OverviewMass changes and the product structurebrowserLesson ObjectivesAfter completing this lesson,you will be able to:•Mass changes and the product structure browserBusiness ExampleA material(item)has to be replaced.All the objects in a structure have to be displayed,processed,orcreated.Figure63:Mass Change in BOMsYou can use the mass change function to make changes to items in several BOMs using only one function call.Unit 3:BOM Reporting PLM110The following item changes are supported for material items,document items,andclass items:•Changing the component quantity•Changing the item data•Adding of items•Replacing an item–In all selected BOMs–With assignment of a new item quantity if necessary–Using engineering change management if necessary–With restrictive selection criteria such as plant and /or usage•Deleting an item–In all selected BOMs–Using engineering change management if necessary–With restrictive selection criteria,such as plant and/orusageFigure 64:Product structureThe product structure enables you to display and process all functionally relatedobjects (such as material,BOM,document,and routing).The product data is displayedin a tree structure.You can restrict the display to only the detail data required forthe current processing situation.PLM110Lesson:Mass Changes and the Product Structure BrowserYou can explode the product structure across different systems.Data can be evaluatedand processed either locally or in multiple systems (ALE destinations).You can:•Go directly to display mode or processing mode for individual objects•Display or process similar objects•Create an additional tree structure for any object•Select several objects for object management records in engineering changemanagement•Jump to the engineering workbench.Unit3:BOM Reporting PLM110PLM110Lesson:Mass Changes and the Product Structure BrowserExercise 6:Mass Changes and the ProductStructure BrowserExercise ObjectivesAfter completing this exercise,you will be able to:•Analyze and correct your product structureBusiness ExampleThe design engineer wants an overview of all existing objects for his pump in order tobe able to process them as and when required.Task:1.Take a look at the product structure for material T-F##.Display the BOM and open a document info record .Display the BOM for the assembly.2.Change items 10/30for BOM T-F##in plant 1000:Make item 10a spare part for customer A too.The explosion type for phantom assembly for item 30must be switched off .You should therefore check first whether the material in question has the specialprocurement key 50.Create a new document item with document P-100,DRW,000,00and displayits original.3.Go to the classification and display the characteristics for your pump.Pump height:____________Pump capacity:____________Usage:____________Unit 3:BOM Reporting PLM110Solution 6:Mass Changes and the ProductStructure BrowserTask:1.Take a look at the product structure for material T-F##.Display the BOM and open a document info record .Display the BOM for the assembly.a)Open up the product structure browserLogistics →Cross-Application Components →Engineering ChangeManagement →Environment →Product Structure:orLogistics →Central Functions →Engineering →Environment →ProductStructure:Enter the material:T-F##on the tab page Material and press Enter.Expand the tree structures for bills of material and documents by clicking on the hierarchy node .Double-click on the symbols for bill of material or document to displaythe corresponding master record.Select the individual objects then right click to display a context menu .From the context menu,you can display or change objects or go to theEngineering Workbench.To recognize which T-F##components are also assemblies,we recommendplacing the assemblies indicator in the layout Click pushbutton:ChangeLayout right-hand side:Pushbutton:Filter here:Select BOM item here:Copy the Assembly field onto left using the pushbutton and then click Enter.To display the BOM of an assembly,open the corresponding item andthen select:–>Material usage –>Material master of assembly –>BOMusage –>BOM headerand double-click to display the BOM.2.Change items 10/30for BOM T-F##in plant 1000:Make item 10a spare part for customer A too.Continued on next pagePLM110Lesson:Mass Changes and the Product Structure BrowserThe explosion type for phantom assembly for item 30must be switched off .You should therefore check first whether the material in question has the specialprocurement key 50.Create a new document item with document P-100,DRW,000,00and displayits original.a)Open the tree structure of BOM T-F##in plant 1000at item level.Selectthe header of the BOM and right-click.Select Change .Select the item you want to change ,and click the Detail icon ordouble-click the item number (items.:10/30In the Status /Long texttab page,maintain the spare part indicator.In the tab page Basic Data ,maintain the explosion type (here:02).The special procurement key ismaintained in the material master record in the MRP 2view.You canalso jump straight to the material number by double-clicking here in thematerial master record.Assign the required document immediately in Change material BOM .Save your BOM.Refresh the product structure in the browser with theappopriate pushbutton.Select the BOM item with the newly-assigneddocument and select Display Original in the context menu (right-click).When you reach the appropriate setting for the layout,double-click theglasses symbol.Close the viewer by clicking the left pushbutton .3.Go to the classification and display the characteristics for your pump.Pump height:____________Pump capacity:____________Usage:____________a)Expand the hierarchy node Classification and select the Class .Click the right mouse button and select Characteristic ValueAssignment :or double-click the Material symbol and display the classification:Pump height:5mPump capacity:15m3Usage:House technology07-01-2005©2004SAP AG.All rights reserved.139Unit 3:BOM ReportingPLM110Lesson SummaryYou should now be able to:•Mass changes and the product structure browser140©2004SAP AG.All rights reserved.07-01-2005PLM110UnitSummaryUnit SummaryYou should now be able to:•BOM explosion,where-used list and BOM comparison•Mass changes and the product structure browser07-01-2005©2004SAP AG.All rights reserved.141Unit Summary PLM110142©2004SAP AG.All rights reserved.07-01-2005Unit4Variants and AlternativesUnit OverviewThis unit presents the difference between variant configuration and variant BOMs and explains when each technical BOM type is used.The unit also explains the use and purpose of multiple BOMs(alternative BOMs).Participants maintain:•Variant and multiple BOMs and learn to understand how they differ from variantconfiguration.Unit ObjectivesAfter completing this unit,you will be able to:•Variant BOMs•BOMs in Variant Configuration•Multiple BOMs and AlternativesUnit ContentsLesson:Variant BOM (144)Exercise7:Variant BOMs (147)Lesson:BOMs in Variant Configuration (155)Lesson:Multiple BOMs and Alternatives (159)Exercise8:Multiple BOMs and Alternatives(optional) (163)07-01-2005©2004SAP AG.All rights reserved.143Unit 4:Variants and Alternatives PLM110Lesson:Variant BOMLesson OverviewVariantBOMsLesson ObjectivesAfter completing this lesson,you will be able to:•Variant BOMsBusiness ExampleFor additional BOMs,you should use variant BOMs or multipleBOMsFigure 65:Variant BOM:Several ProductsIf several similar products are manufactured whose parts only differ in minor waysthen you can represent these various products using a variant BOM.Variants canalso differ in component quantity alone.Only a simple (basic)material BOM can be extended to become a variant BOM .You cannot convert a multiple BOM into a variant BOM .144©2004SAP AG.All rights reserved.07-01-2005PLM110Lesson:VariantBOMFigure 66:Variant BOMYou can create a variant only if:•A BOM does not already exist for the material.•The base unit of measure of all variant materials is the same.This is because thebase unit of measure of the bill of material must be the same as the base unit ofmeasure of the material masterrecord.Figure 67:Variant BOM “V”The field BOM group can also be used as an external BOM number.Several products created as variants of a variant BOM are saved under one internalBOM number .You can give a name to all of the variants of a variant BOM byentering a BOM group in the BOM header.Each variant has its own material number.07-01-2005©2004SAP AG.All rights reserved.145Unit 4:Variants and Alternatives PLM110The plant and the BOM usage are part of the unique key of a bill of material.Each variant has a BOM header.You can create a variant only if:•A BOM does not already exist for the material.•The base unit of measure of all variant materials is the same.This is because thebase unit of measure of the bill of material must be the same as the base unit ofmeasure of the material master record.146©2004SAP AG.All rights reserved.07-01-2005PLM110Lesson:Variant BOMExercise 7:Variant BOMsExercise ObjectivesAfter completing this exercise,you will be able to:•Process variant BOMs and recognize the difference between variant BOMs andvariant configurationBusiness ExampleThe engineering department requires BOMs for simple but similar materialsTask:1.You now want to create two additional variants of the pump T-F##in plant1000with where-used list 1.These are pumps T-FY##and T-FZ##.Please use the following data when you create variants of T-F##(Icon:Createvariant of):BOM text:“Standard pump”Alternative Text Y variant and Z variantBOM group:V A##In variant pump T-FY##replace item 10:T-B##with item 10assemblyT-B1##.2.In variant pump T-FZ##replace item 30:100-300by item 30withmaterial T-BZ##.3.Display all variants of T-F##.(BOM group V A##)Check your entries are correct.Check in particular:BOM group _______________Internal BOM number _______________Technical type _______________Continued on next pageUnit4:Variants and Alternatives PLM1104.Enter BOM item100-801in BOM group maintenance(any quantity youchoose),which is only valid for variants T-FY##and T-FZ##.Check the result.PLM110Lesson:Variant BOMSolution 7:Variant BOMsTask:1.You now want to create two additional variants of the pump T-F##in plant1000with where-used list 1.These are pumps T-FY##and T-FZ##.Please use the following data when you create variants of T-F##(Icon:Createvariant of):BOM text:“Standard pump”Alternative Text Y variant and Z variantBOM group:V A##In variant pump T-FY##replace item 10:T-B##with item 10assemblyT-B1##.a)Create additional variants for pump T-F##.Logistics →Production →Master Data →Bills of Material →Bill of Material:orLogistics →Central functions →Engineering →Bill of Material →Material →Material BOM →Create :Material:T-FY##Plant:1000(Default)Where-used list:1(Default)Valid from:Today’s date (Default)do not press<Enter>→Material BOM →Create variant of (F9)or Create variant of pushbuttonCreate variant ofContinued on next pageUnit 4:Variants and Alternatives PLM110Material:T-F##<Enter>Icon:Select allIcon:Copy FromIcon:HeaderBOM group V A##BOM text:Standard pumpAlt text:Y variantConfirm with Enter.Item Overview icon:Item no.Item ponent Quantity10L T-B1##1Save BOMContinued on next pagePLM110Lesson:Variant BOM2.In variant pump T-FZ##replace item 30:100-300by item 30withmaterial T-BZ##.a)For menu paths see 1..Create material BOM:Material:T-FZ##Plant:1000(Default)Where-used list:1(Default)Valid from:Today’s date (Default)do not press<Enter>→Material BOM →Create variant of (F9)or pushbutton:Create variantofMaterial:T-F##<Enter>Icon:Select allIcon:Copy FromIcon:HeaderBOM group V A##BOM text:Standard pumpAlt text:Z variantConfirm with Enter.Item Overview icon:Item no.Item ponent Quantity30L T-BZ##1Save BOM3.Display all variants of T-F##.(BOM group V A##)Check your entries are correct.Check in particular:Continued on next pageUnit 4:Variants and Alternatives PLM110BOM group _______________Internal BOM number _______________Technical type _______________a)Display your BOM group.Logistics →Production →Master Data →Bills of Material →Bill ofMaterial:orLogistics →Central Functions →Engineering →Bill of Material →Billof Material Material BOM →BOM Group →Display:BOM group:V A##Plant:1000(Default)Valid From:Today’s date (Default)Pushbutton:VariantsSelect all variantsGoto:HeaderBOM number,usage “1”,and technical type “V”exist onlyonce.Hint:In header,click pushbutton:Item You can thenmove between the individual variants using the pushbuttons:Previous Variants and Next Variants .In the summarized BOM,go to pushbutton:Variant items forselected items.Continued on next pagePLM110Lesson:Variant BOM4.Enter BOM item100-801in BOM group maintenance(any quantity youchoose),which is only valid for variants T-FY##and T-FZ##.Check the result.a)Change your BOM group.Material BOM→BOM group→Change:Pushbutton:New entriesEnter material100-801and a quantity,and set the indicator Item inalternative/variant02and03for variants T-FY##and T-FZ##.Unit4:Variants and AlternativesPLM110Lesson SummaryYou should now be able to:•Variant BOMsPLM110Lesson:BOMs in Variant ConfigurationLesson:BOMs in Variant ConfigurationLesson OverviewBOMs in VariantConfigurationLesson ObjectivesAfter completing this lesson,you will be able to:•BOMs in Variant ConfigurationBusiness ExampleYou would like to use the variant configuration as you have multivariant products.You are therefore very interested in how to maintain theBOM.Figure 68:Variant ConfigurationWhen dealing with multivariant products,the combinations of individual productfeatures give rise to a vast range of variants.Complex products mean complex configuration tasks in both sales and production.A company that sells or produces products with variants must perform theseconfiguration tasks quickly and accurately.Unit 4:Variants and Alternatives PLM110However,this is not easy,as product development cycles and life cycles of productsare becoming shorter than ever before.Standard product is a general term used to define a product that is to be manufacturedin multiple variants.It covers all the possible features of the variant product,andtherefore does not referto one specific article.The features of configurable products are defined the SAP system ascharacteristics.Figure 69:Configuration of a PumpThere are often inter-dependencies between the individual forms of a product.Itis frequently the case that not all combinations that are theoretically possible areallowed.There are two reasons for this:•Some combinations are not possible for technical reasons.•Other combinations may not be allowed for marketing and sales reasons.Forexample,if you want to order a motor cycle,you may only be able to havecertain colours of paint and seats if you are ordering an expensive model.Instead of creating a separate BOM for each product variant,you can group thecomponents together into a super BOM.This super BOM consists of parts that appearin all variants of the product,and others that can be chosen and included in the productdepending on the variant.You use object dependencies to define which componentsare selected under which conditions.In the sales order,an individual product structure is created dynamically.PLM110Lesson:BOMs in Variant ConfigurationVariant configuration is taught in the following courses:•PLM130Classification•PLM140Variant Configuration1–Modeling•PLM143Variant Configuration2–Integration•PLM146Variant Configuration3–ScenariosUnit4:Variants and AlternativesPLM110Lesson SummaryYou should now be able to:•BOMs in Variant ConfigurationPLM110Lesson:Multiple BOMs and AlternativesLesson:Multiple BOMs and AlternativesLesson OverviewMultiple BOMs andAlternativesLesson ObjectivesAfter completing this lesson,you will be able to:•Multiple BOMs and AlternativesBusiness ExampleFor the planning of complex products that can exist in several variants,you shoulduse variantconfiguration.Figure 70:Multiple BOM:One ProductOne product may be made of different combinations of components,depending on thequantity (lot size)to be manufactured or depending on the date .This type of productis often represented by alternative BOMs (alternatives).These alternatives BOMsdiffer only slightly from one another,usually in terms of the component quantity.A variant BOM cannot be converted to a multiple BOM.Unit 4:Variants and AlternativesPLM110Figure 71:Multiple BOMThe field BOM group can also be used as an external BOM number.All alternatives for a multiple BOM are saved under one internal BOM number .You can assign one name to all the alternatives in a multiple BOM by entering aBOM group in the BOM header.The plant and usage are part of the unique key that identifies a BOM.Each alternative has a BOM header.The alternative is selected according to the selection method indicator in the materialmaster record:•Lot size•Date•Production versionPLM110Lesson:Multiple BOMs andAlternativesFigure 72:Comparison of Different Types of BOMUnit4:Variants and Alternatives PLM110。
