土木词汇
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建筑工程accélérateur de prise (水泥)凝固剂acier en attente 连接钢筋,预留钢筋acier rond 圆钢筋agitateur 搅拌棒,搅拌器agrégat/ granulat(混凝土)骨料~fin 细骨料~gros 粗骨料arase n.f. 整平,砌平araser 整平,砌平armature n.f. 钢筋骨架armature ondulée 螺纹钢筋骨架assise n.f. (砖、石的)层assise par assise 一层层地assemblage bout à bout 端头对接~en coin 角连接~en T T形连接~à clin ou à recouvement 搭接~à bords relevés 端头翘起连接~avec couvre-joints 加盖缝板连接autochargeur 自动装载机bâtiment 楼房béton armé 钢筋混凝土béton compacté par choc 振动夯实混凝土béton coulé en place 现场浇注混凝土béton coulé 浇灌混凝土béton en masse 大块(大体积)混凝土béton étanche 防水混凝土béton fin 细骨料混凝土béton frais 新浇注的混凝土béton lisse 平滑的混凝土面层béton 混凝土bétonnière 混凝土搅拌机bloc à semelle 底座bouteur sur chenille/j/ 履带式推土机bouteur sur pneus 轮式推土机brasage 焊接~de plomberie 管道焊接brique 砖~creuse 空心砖~pleine 实心砖bulldozer 推土机cage d’escalier楼梯间camion 卡车carte topographique 地形图chape 水泥防水面层charger 装载chargeur 装载机chargeuse-pelleteuse 装载挖土机(两头忙)chevêtre 横梁、托梁ciment à haute résistance 高强度水泥,高标号水泥ciment à prise rapide 快干(快凝)水泥ciment d’amiante 石棉水泥ciment en vrac 散装水泥ciment expansif 膨胀水泥ciment hydrofuge 防水水泥 ciment lent 慢凝水泥 ciment normalisé 标准水泥 ciment Portlant 硅酸盐水泥 ciment 水泥 cimenterie 水泥厂 cloison n. f. 隔断,隔墙 cloison en épi 半隔墙 coffrage 模板 ~ en bois 木模板 ~ métallique 金属模板 colmatage 封堵compacité n . f. 密实,密实度 compactage 夯实 compacter 夯实compacteur 夯实机,压路机 console 挑梁,牛腿 couche 层~ argileuse 粘质岩层~ imperméable argileuse 不透水粘土层 ~ hydraufuge 防水层 (hydrofuge )~ instable 不稳定层 ~ perméable 透水层 ~ supérieure du sol 表土层couler du béton par le haut 从顶部灌注混凝土 couler du ciment 用水泥浇牢 couler le béton 灌注混凝土 coulis 灰浆,水泥浆 creusage 挖掘creuser 挖掘 creuseuse 挖掘机 crevasse 裂缝,裂隙 dalle 石板,水泥板~ de couverture 混凝土屋面板 ~ en béton armé 钢筋混凝土板 déblai 挖方、挖出的土 déblayage 挖土、挖方 déblayer 挖土、挖方 décapeuse 刮土机 décharger 卸载 décoffrage 拆模板 décoffrant 脱模剂 décoffrer 拆模板 des matériaux 材料 donnée n.f. 数据,资料~s géologiques 地质数据,地质资料 ~s naturelles 自然状况资料données fonctionnelles 专业数据,专业资料 dosage du béton 混凝土配料dosage en poids (混凝土拌合中)按重量配料 échafaudage 脚手架 ~ roulant 可移动脚手架 échafauder 搭脚手架élévateur 提升机 élément de bourdis 预制楼板 épuisement de fouille 挖方排水 escalier 楼梯 étage 楼层étendre le mortier avec une truelle 用镘刀抹灰泥 fer à béton 混凝土用钢筋 fer de scellement 锚固钢筋 ferraillage (一栋建筑物的)钢筋 fissure 裂缝,裂纹 ~ d’un mur 墙裂缝 fondation 基础 ~ de mur 墙基 ~ en briques 砖基础 ~ en béton 混凝土基础 ~ isolée 墩基础,柱基础 ~ sur grille couché 格排地层基础 ~ sur pieux 桩基 grave 粗砂 gravier 砾石 hourdis 楼板砖 immeuble 大楼,房屋 jambage 门窗的侧墙la fréquence des secousses sismiques 地震冲击频 laitance 薄水泥浆le coût de la main-d’oeuvre 人工费le géothecnique 地质?géotechnique a.土工学等 le régime des eaux 地下水分布,地下水状况 le régime des vents 气流分布,气流状况 le temps de prise 凝结(凝固)时间les coupes et les détails 剖面图,施工祥图 les délais contractuels de réalisation 合同竣工期限 les plans 平面图les profils en long 纵剖面图les profils en travers 横剖面图 les relevés topographiques avec indication des repères de niveau 附有水准点的地形测量图 linteau de porte 门过梁 longuerine n. f. 地梁,地龙 maçon 泥水工人,砌筑工人 maçonnage 砌筑 maçonner 砌筑maçonnerie de briques 砖砌体 maçonnerie de pierres 石砌体 maçonnerie massive 实心砌体maçonnerie 砖石工程,泥水工程,砌筑工程;砌筑,砌体maîtresse poutre 主梁 marteau de battage 打桩机matériaux de construction 建筑材料matériels de terrassement 土方工程机械,运土机械 mélangeur 搅拌器mettre des coffrages 装模板,支模板mortier bâtard 水泥石灰砂浆 mortier de ciment 水泥沙浆 mur de gros oeuvre 主体墙niveau de maçon (泥瓦工用的)水准器 niveler le sol 平整土地 niveleur ( niveleuse ) 平地机nivellement des terres 平整土地ossature 框架,构架~ du bâtiment 建筑构架,楼房构架 ~ en béton armé 钢筋混凝土构架 ~ de support 承重构架~ métallique 钢框架 palan 葫芦parpaing 混凝土块,混凝土砖partie friable de béton 混凝土松动部分(须去除,重浇注) pelle 挖土机 ~ hydraulique ~ à cable piquet-repère 定位桩 plancher 楼板poteau de structure en béton armé 钢筋混凝土立柱 poteau 支柱 poutre 梁poutre (n.f. ) en béton 混凝土梁 première assise d’un mur 墙的第一层(砖或石) prise n.f. 凝结,凝固purge d’eau , dra inage , évacuation 排水 radier 脚手架板relever des données 测定数据,提取资料 remblai 填土,回填;回填土,回填料 remblayage 填土 remblayer 充填 repère 标记,方位标repère de niveau 水准标,水准点 rétrochargeuse 翻斗装载机 rez de chaussée ( R.D.C.) 楼底层rugosité 凹凸不平 sable 沙子silo à ciment 水泥筒仓silo doseur de sable, ciment et gravier 沙、水泥、石子配比仓 socle en béton 混凝土基座 souder 焊接~ à la molette 线焊,缝焊~ à rapprochement 对接焊 ~ par points 点焊~ par recouvement 搭接焊 ~ dout à dout 对焊 soudure n.f. 焊接 ~ à flamme de gaz 气焊 ~ à l’ar c 电弧焊 ~ à l’argent 银焊~ à pleine pénétration 全焊,全透焊接 ~ à points continus 连续点焊接 ~ au gaz 气焊 ~ autogène 气焊~ bout à bout sur chanfrein en V 无坡口对焊接 ~ par points 点焊 ~ continue 线焊,缝焊 ~ de réparation 补焊 soudage 焊接(动名词) ~ à plat 平焊 ~ au plafond 仰焊~ en position verticale 垂直焊~ au chalumeau oxyacétylénique 氧乙炔吹管焊接 ~ au chalumeau oxhydrique 氢氧吹管焊接 ~ à l’arc électrique avec électrodes enrobées 屏蔽电极电弧焊~ électrique à l’arc en atmosphère inerte 惰性气氛电~ électrique à l’arc avec fils électro des fusibles焊丝电弧焊~ au plasma d’arc 等离子弧焊station de bétonnage , centrale à béton 混凝土搅拌站 surfaceuse-finisseuse 摊铺机taloche 托泥板 talus 边坡talutage 修筑斜坡 taluter 将……修筑成斜坡 tapis de drainage 排水层 terrassement de tranchées 挖方 terre 土~ végétale 腐殖土 /种植土 ~ sableuse 砂质土théodolite 经纬仪 tige d’acier 钢筋tombereau (有活动挡板的)两轮载重车 topographie n. f. 地形、地形测量 trémie 料斗 tronçonnage 切割 tronçonner 切割 tronçonneuse 钢筋切割机 truelle 镘刀,抹子 tuile 瓦~ d’amiante , plaque ondulée en amiante-ciment 石棉瓦V.R.D. 外部管道等(Voies et reseaux divers ) wagonnet 翻斗隧道工程abattage 开采、采掘 abattage 开采、采掘 acier en I 工字钢 acier en u u 型钢adier b éton 防水混凝土保护层r advancement 进度 al éseur 扩孔钻(头) ancrage 锚栓,锚定,锚固 ancrage 锚栓,锚定,锚固 apd des tunnels 隧道标前详细设计armatures en acier à haute adhérence pour béton armé 螺纹钢筋 assainissements 排水avancement de (travail, travaux) 工程进展,工程进度 axe du tunnel 隧道中心线 bande hydrophile 止水带 barre de soutenement 超前管棚 bâtiment annexe 附属建筑 b éton poreux 透水混凝土 b éton projet é 喷射混凝土 b éton coul é en place 现浇混凝土 béton de proprete et béton maigre pour fond de fouille 素混凝土和贫混凝土b éton de radier 混凝土基层 b éton de rev êtement 衬砌混凝土b éton en cailloux 卵石混凝土 b éton étanche 防水混凝土 b éton hydrofuge 防水混凝土 b éton ing élif 抗冻混凝土b éton maigre 贫混凝土,少水泥混凝土 b éton non arm é素混凝土 b éton poreux 多孔混凝土 b éton poreux 多孔混凝土béton projeté renforcé de fibres 喷纤维混凝土b éton projet é 喷射混凝土béton rn40 pour revêtement du tunnel en galerie 隧道衬砌的混凝土 b éton 混凝土 blindage 护板、板桩 blindage 护板、板桩 bois 木材 bois 木材 boulon m. 螺栓boulon de scellement 锚栓 boulon de scellement 锚栓boulon expandeur,boulon à expansion 膨胀螺栓boulon expandeur/boulon à expansion 膨胀螺栓 boulon m. 螺栓boulonnage du front de taille 超前锚杆 boulonnage du front de taille 超前锚杆 boulonnage 螺栓连接boulons d’an crage de haute r ésistance 高强度锚 boulons en fibre de verre 玻璃纤维锚杆boulons tirants d’ancrage boulons d’ancrage 锚杆 boulou à ancrage par gonflement 膨胀式锚杆 calotte demi-section sup érieure 上台阶 calotte 隧道拱顶camera de telesurveillance 摄像机 canal d ’air frais 通风道candelabre de 12 m de hauteur 12m 高路灯 caniveau 电缆沟、排水沟cctv-camera de telesurveillance 闭路电视 ch amp gravitationnel 引力场 champ de d éplacement 位移场champ de (gravit é, pesanteur, gravitation) 重力场 champ de contraintes 应力场 chantier 工地chauss ée autorouti ère 高速路路面 chauss ée bidirectionnelle 双向行车道路 chauss ée bomb ée 拱形路面 chauss ée d'évitement 超车道 chauss ée en terre 土路面 chauss ée goudronn ée 焦油路面 chauss ée souple 柔性路面 chauss ée 行车道chaussées à couche de surface bitumineuse 表层沥青路chauss ées en b éton de ciment 水泥混凝土路面 chauss ée 路面 ciment 水泥 cintre m. 拱架cintre lourd 型钢拱架cintres reticules 网状隧道拱架(格栅拱架)cintres reticules格栅classification des roches 围岩分级coffrage de tunnel隧道模板coffrage et bétonnage des revêtements混凝土衬砌模板coffrage模板collecteur φ400 φ400纵向集水管conduite incendie 消防水管congélation冻结couche de roulement en béton bitumineux沥青混凝土面层couches d’étanchéité防水层courbes de convergence 收敛曲线creusement excavation开挖creusement avec cloison central 双侧壁开挖creusement avec cloison simple 单侧壁开挖creusement en demi-section半断面(上下台阶)开挖creusement en pleine section 全断面开挖creusement en section divisée隧道开挖方creuses 钻孔、打眼d’amelioration duterrain 改良地层dans le cas de fossés non préfabriqués现浇沟槽dans le cas de fossés préfabriqués预制沟槽dans le cas de regards préfabriqués预制检查井dans le cas des regards non préfabriqués现浇检查井de l'équipement de lutte contre le feu防火设备déblai en tunnel 隧道弃土déblais excavés àl’explosif 爆破开挖déclivité坡度des tunnels autoroutiers en bitube à deuxfois trois voies (2x3) 双向三车道高速度隧道descenderie斜井detecteur de CO CO检测器detecteur de visibilite能见度检测器detection incendie. 火灾探测dévers m. 超高、路面横坡distancemètre收敛计drain de chaussées路面排水管drain de chaussée纵向排水管drain perfore de 50mm circonferentiel (extrados) φ50mm打孔环形排水管drainage排水éclairage de (réserve, secours, sécurité) 应急照明灯éclairage照明éclairement照度écrou m. 螺[母、帽]effets sismiques de l’explosif 爆破震动影响électricité电力en tranchée couverte des tunnels明洞entrée进口entretien维护environnement环境équipements设备étanchéitépvc pvc防水板étanchéité防水excavation隧道开挖exfoliation 剥落explosive炸药extrusion 挤压feuille étanchéité防水板fissure 裂缝foisonnement 膨胀foisonnement膨胀forages d'injection注浆钻孔forages et injections 注浆孔forages et injections注浆孔forage钻孔front de taille掌子面gabarit routier 公路限界gabarit routier 公路限界gabarit 限界gabion m. 石笼galerie de retournement 转向车道garage 停车带géologiques et géotechniques工程地质学grave ciment f. 水泥沙砾groupes de soutènement 支护类型gunitage n.m. 喷浆,喷射水泥浆hauteur libre minimale 最小限界高度hauteur libre 限界高度implantation de ventilateurs风机布置incendie 火灾injection注(灌)浆jet fan射流风机jet grouting 泄水孔joints de dilatation膨胀接头jointure soudée接头焊缝jumbo 钻车karsts et cavités 溶洞l’acier型钢l’éclairage àcontre-flux逆光照明la canalization d’évacuation 排水管la couche de drainage 排水层la crevasse 裂缝、裂隙largeur roulable 限界宽度lateral 侧导洞le béton de propreté素混凝土le cratére d’effondrement落水洞(灰岩坑)le foreur 凿岩工、钻孔工le fosséde terre plein central 环型排水沟le puits 水井le trou fore钻孔、炮眼les adjuvants 添加剂les armatures et le coulis防腐保护les communications通讯les coupleurs锚杆连接件les regards avaloirs et de visite带网栅的检查井les sout ènements 防护les structures souterraines 地下结构 les t êtes d’ancrage 锚头 luminance 亮度 marinage 废土清除masses des roches friable 易碎的岩石 mat ériaux 建筑材料membrabe d ’ étanch éit é 防水板 membrane d'étanch éit é 防水板 membranes d ’étanch éit é 防水板mesure de contrainte 应力量测 mesures de convergence 收敛量测mortier de ci ment 水泥砂浆,水泥浆 mortier 砂浆mur de sout ènement 挡土墙 na hp doubles(de 70 à 400w) 70-400双管高压钠灯niveau de chaussee (n.c )路面标高niveau de fondation du tunnel(n.f.t) 隧道基础标高 niveau du terrain naturel 地面线nouvelle méthode autrichienne(natm)新奥法 œuvre 建筑物ordinateur 电子计算机perforatrice robotis ée 钻岩机(钻臂台车) plaque 垫板(锚杆) portails du tunnel 隧道洞门poste manuel d'alarme type bris de glace 手动报警装置 pr éd écoupage 预切割 pr éd écoupage 预切割prefabrication f. 预制 prefabrication f. 预制 pr éfabriqu é 预制 pr éradier contre-voût é仰拱pr é-sout ènement et de renforcement 超前预加固 profil en long 纵断面 profil en long 纵断面 profil en travers 横断面protection parasismique 抗震防护 purge d'eau 排水 qualit é质量radier b éton 基础混凝土 reconnaissance 勘测 regards 检查井remblai de terres 土石回填 remblai 填土,回填、路堤remplissage au béton de gravillon 石子混凝土填料 remplissage au béton de gravillon 石子混凝土填料remplissage au coulis (de ciment) 注浆 灌浆 remplissage de fente 裂缝堵塞remplissage de fente 裂缝堵塞 remplissage des joint 填缝 remplissage 填料remplissage 填料 reservation électrique 电缆槽r ésine f. 树脂rev êtement definitive 二次衬砌 rev êtement en b éton projet é喷混凝土衬砌 rev êtements 衬砌revêtement防水层rocher m. 岩石rocheux隧道围岩rondelle 垫圈、垫片ruine 坍塌rupture de voûte 拱顶断裂sécurité安全signalization 信号sortie出口sous-station变电站配电所soutenement proviso ire隧道超前支护soutènement支撑stross 下台阶surlargeur 加宽surveillance f. 监测système de ventilation 通风系统système de ventilation 通风系统taille工作面tassement下沉télésurveillance 远距电子监视télésurveillance 远距电子监视tir raté哑炮tir 放炮travaux de tunnel隧道工程travaux souterrain隧道工程treillis soudés 钢筋网trottoir m. 人行道trottoirs 人行道trottoir人行道tube droite tunnel droite右洞tube gauche tunnel gauche左洞tunnel bidirectionnal 双向隧道tunnel cadre隧道限界tunnel routier公路隧道tunnel unidirectionnal单向隧道tunnel voûte 拱形隧道tunnel /souterrain隧道tunnel àdeux voies双车道隧道tunnel àécoulement libre无压隧道tunnel àpéage收费隧道tunnel àune voie 单线隧道tunnel d'assèchement 泄水洞tunnel en maçonnerie石砌隧道tunnel immergé明挖隧道tunnel plein cintre en béton混凝土隧道tunnel pour piétons 人行洞人行地道tunnel routier公路隧道tunnelier隧道掘进机tunnelier隧道掘进机tunnels au rocher岩石隧道tunnels en exploitation 隧道运营tunnels en exploitation 隧道运营tunnels en terrain tendre土质隧道tuyau d'eau水管tuyaux circulaires en béton armé混凝土水管uminarie au sodium haute pression高压钠灯un système de classification des roches一个岩石分级系11 v ég étalisation 绿化 ventilation longitudinale avec extractions massives 竖井分段纵向式通风 ventilation longitudinale avec extractions massives 竖井分段纵向式通风ventilation longitudinale 纵向式通风ventilation naturelle 自然通风ventilation naturelle 自然通风ventilation semi-transversale 半横向通风ventilation transversale 全横向式通风ventilation transversale 全横向式通风 ventilation 通风ventilation 通风、换气vide 空洞、空隙vitesse de r éf érence 设计速度 voie pour v éhicules lents 慢车道 voie suppl émentaire en rampe 爬坡车道 vole 齐发爆破 voussoir 拱石。
词汇1.土木工程Civil Engineering2.军事工程Military Enginering3.机械工程Mechanical Engineering)4.电气工程Electrical Engineering5.化工工程Chemical Engineering6.结构工程Structural Engineering7.岩土工程Geotechnical Engineering8.流体力学Fluid Mechanics9.水力学Hydraulics or Hydraulic mechanics10.运输工程Transportation Engineering11.供水Water Supply,12.卫生及环境工程Sanitary and EnvironmentalEngineering13.灌溉工程Irrigation Engineering14.测量Surveying,15.水准测量Leveling16.遥感Remote Sensing17.红砖red brick18.青砖black brick19.实心砖solid brick20.空心砖hollow brick21.水泥cement22.钢筋steel bar23.混凝土concrete24.密度Bulk density25.强度指标Strength index26.变形指标Deformation index27.耐化学性Chemical resistance28.软化系数Coefficient of softening29.耐久性Durability30.孔隙率Porosity31.热传导Thermal conductivity32.热容量、热功率Thermal capacity33.吸水性Water absorption34.渗透性Permeability35.粗骨料coarse aggregate 、36.细骨料fine aggregate37.砂sand38.木材timber,lumber39.瓦tile40.基础工程Foundation Engineering41.工程地质勘查Geological survey42.浅基础Shallow foundation43.深基础Deep foundation44.不均匀沉降Uneven settlement45.地基处理Ground treatment46.地基sub-soil47.刚性基础rigid foundation48.扩展基础Spread footing49.单独基础Pad, Isolated footing50.条形基础Strip footing51.筏板基础Raft52.箱形基础Box footing53.壳体基础Shell footing54.桩基础Pile foundation55.地下连续墙Underground retaining wall56.墩基础Pier foundation57.沉井基础Sunk well58.沉箱基础Caisson59.预制桩Prefabricated pile60.钻孔灌注桩Bored pile61.端承型桩End bearing pile62.摩擦型桩Frictional pile63.建筑工程Building Engineering64.规划Planning,65.设计Design66.建设、施工Construction67.操作Operation68.修理Renovation69.维修Maintenance70.建筑Architecture71.基本构件Basic members72.单层建筑Single storey building73.多层建筑Multi-storey building74.高层建筑High rise building75.超高层建筑Super high rise building76.特种结构Special structures77.板Slab78.梁Beam79.简支梁Simply supported beam80.连续梁Continuous beam81.悬臂梁Cantilever beam82.拱Arch83.大跨度建筑Large span building84.框架结构Frame structure85.框架-剪力墙结构Frame-Shear wall structure86.剪力墙结构Shear wall structure87.框支剪力墙结构Frame support shear wall structure88.筒体结构Tube structure89.框筒体系Frame-tube structure system90.筒中筒体系Tube in tube structure system91.桁架筒体系Tresses tube structure system92.成束筒体系Bundled tube structure system93.冷却塔Cooling Tower94.筒仓Silo95.核电站Nuclear power station96.道路工程Roads97.铁路工程Railway98.飞机场Airport99.隧道工程Tunneling100.公路建设Construction of highway 101.高速公路Expressway102.跑道Runway103.梁式桥Girder Bridges104.桁架桥Truss bridges 。
英文土木工程专业词汇1. 工程结构building and civil engineering structures房屋建筑和土木工程的建筑物、构筑物及其相关组成部分的总称。
2. 工程结构设计design of building and civil engineering structures在工程结构的可靠与经济、适用与美观之间,选择一种最佳的合理的平衡,使所建造的结构能满足各种预定功能要求。
3. 房屋建筑工程building engineering一般称建筑工程,为新建、改建或扩建房屋建筑物和附属构筑物所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体。
4. 土木工程civil engineering除房屋建筑外,为新建、改建或扩建各类工程的建筑物、构筑物和相关配套设施等所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体。
5. 公路工程highway engineering为新建或改建各级公路和相关配套设施等而进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体。
6. 铁路工程railway engineering为新建或改建铁路和相关配套设施等所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体。
7. 港口与航道工程port ( harbour ) and waterway engineering为新建或改建港口与航道和相关配套设施等所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体。
8. 水利工程hydraulic engineering为修建治理水患、开发利用水资源的各项建筑物、构筑物和相关配设施等所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体。
9. 水利发电工程(水电工程)hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering以利用水能发电为主要任务的水利工程。
A-frame A型骨架A-truss A型构架abrasion 磨耗;磨蚀abrasive cut-off machine 磨切机abrasive grinding machine 磨机(火石机) abrasive particle 磨粒absorption 吸收abutment 桥台;拱座abutting end 邻接端acceleration 加速acceleration lane 加速车道acceleration pedal 加速器踏板accelerator 催凝剂;加速器;催化剂acceptance criteria 接受准则access 通路;通道access door 检修门;通道门access lane 进出路径access panel 检修门access point 入口处;出入通道处access ramp 入口坡道;斜通道access road 通路;通道access shaft 竖井通道access spiral loop 螺旋式回旋通道access staircase 通道楼梯access step 上落踏板;出入踏板access tunnel 隧道通道accessible roof 可到达的屋顶;有通道的屋顶accessory 附件;配件accident 事故;意外accidental collapse 意外坍塌accommodate 装设;容纳accredited private laboratory 认可私营实验室accumulator 储压器;蓄电池accuracy limit 准确度极限acetylene cylinder 乙炔气(风煤)樽acid plant 酸洗设备;酸洗机acid pump 酸液泵acid tank 酸液缸acoustic couplant 声耦合剂acoustic coupler 声耦合器acoustic lining 隔音板acoustic screen 隔声屏acrylic paint 丙烯漆料acrylic sheet 丙烯胶片(阿加力胶片)active corrosion 活性腐蚀active earth pressure 主动土压力active oxidation 活性氧化actual plot ratio 实际地积比率actuator 促动器;唧筒;激发器adapt 改装adaptor 适配器;适配接头(万能苏);转接器;接合器addition 增设;加建additional building works 增补建筑工程additional horizontal force 额外横向力additional plan 增补图则additional vent 加设通风口additive 添加剂adhesive 黏结剂;胶黏剂adhesive force 附力adit 入口;通路;坑道口adjacent construction 相邻建造物adjacent level 相邻水平adjacent site 相邻地盘adjacent street 相邻街道adjoining area 毗邻地区adjoining building 毗邻建筑物adjoining land 毗邻土地adjoining structure 毗邻构筑物adjustable 可调校adjuster 调节器adjustment 调校;调整admixture 掺合剂;外加剂advance directional sign 前置指路标志;方向预告标志advance earthworks 前期土方工程advance warning sign 前置警告标志advance works 前期工程aeration 灌气aeration tank 曝气池aerial 天线aerial rapid transit system 架空快速运输系统aerial ropeway 架空缆车系统aerial view 鸟瞰图aerofoil 翼型aerosol 悬浮微粒;喷雾affix 贴附aftercooler 后冷却器afterfilter 后过滤器agent 作用剂;代理人aggregate 骨料;集料;碎石aggregate area 总面积aggregate grading 骨料级配aggregate superficial area 表面总面积aggregate usable floor space 总实用楼面空间agitator 搅拌器;搅动机air bleeding 放气air blower 鼓风机air brake 气压制动器air circuit 空气回路air circuit breaker 空气断路器air cleaner 空气滤清器air compressor 空气压缩机air compressor governor 空气压缩机调压器air conditioning 空气调节air cooled chiller 风冷式冷冻机air cooler 空气冷却器air cooling system 空气冷却系统;风冷系统air coupling valve 空气联接阀air curtain fan 风帘风扇air cylinder 气缸;气筒air damper 风闸;气流调节器air distribution system 配气系统air distributor 空气分配器air dryer 空气干燥器air duct 通风管道;气槽air entrained cement 加气水泥;伴水泥air entraining agent 加气剂air exhaust 排气口air filter 空气滤器;风隔;隔尘网air filter chamber 空气过滤室air flowmeter 风量计;空气流量计air gap 气隙air grill 空气格栅air inlet 进风口;进气孔air inlet louver 进气百叶air inlet port 进气口air intake 进风口;进气孔;入气口air intake duct 进风槽air intake filter 进气过滤器air isolating cock 空气隔断旋塞air line breathing apparatus 气喉型呼吸器具air line strainer 进气管道隔滤器air outlet 出风口air outlet grille 空气出口栅格air particle 空气粒子air passage 风道air pipe/pipework 通气管;送气管air piston 空气活塞air pressure gauge 气压表air pressure switch 气压掣air pressurization system 空气加压系统air receiver 空气储存器air reservoir 储气缸air restrictor 空气节流器air shuttle valve 阻气阀air sprayer 喷涂器air spring 空气弹簧air strainer 空气隔滤器;空气滤网air supply outlet 供气出口air supply valve 供气阀air tank 空气箱air valve 进出气阀;放气阀air valve pit 进出气阀井;放气阀井air vent cock 通风管旋塞air ventilator 空气通风器air-operated damper 气动风闸airshaft 通风竖井airtight cover 气密盖airy dry varnish 风干清漆alarm 警报;警报器alarm bell 警钟alarm buzzer 警报器alga 水藻align 对准;调直;定线alignment (road) 路线;线向(特指道路中线的位置与方向)alignment plan (road) 路线平面图alkali-silica reaction 碱矽反应alkaline aggregate reaction 碱性集料反应alkaline pump 碱液泵alkaline tank 碱液缸alkalinity 碱度all-purpose road 混合车道;综合车道alley 巷allowable load 容许载重;容许荷载allowable stress 容许应力alloy 合金alloy steel bar 合金钢筋条alluvial deposit 冲积土层;冲积物alteration 更改;改建;改动alternating current (a.c.) 交流电alternative design 替代设计alternative route 替代路线alternator 交流发电机aluminium tape 铝带amber flashing light 黄色闪灯ambient pressure 周围压力ambient temperature 环境温度;周围温度amendment 修订amenities 市容建筑;设施;康乐设施amenity area 美化市容地带amenity railing 美观栏杆ammeter 电流表;安培计ampere (A) 安培(电流量单位) amplification 放大;增强amplitude 幅;振幅anchor 锚;锚竿支撑anchor bearing 锚承;锚座anchor bolt 锚栓anchor plate 锚碇板anchorage 锚碇;碇泊区;抛锚区;锚固anchorage length 锚固长度anchoring strength 锚固强度ancillary building 附属建筑物ancillary facilities 附属设施ancillary installation 附带装置ancillary works 附属工程angle cutter 角铁切割机angle iron bracket 角铁支架;角铁托架angle probe 斜探头angular velocity 角速度annunciation lamp 警示灯annunciator 传播器;呼唤器anode 阳极anode voltage 阳极电压antenna 天线anti-corrosion paint 防蚀漆anti-creep device 防溜装置anti-lift roller 防升滚轮anti-oxidizing paint 抗氧化漆anti-rust paint 防锈漆anti-skid chequer 防滑格纹anti-skid device 防滑装置anti-skid dressing 防滑钢沙anti-skid material 防滑物料anti-slip 防滑动;防空转;防打滑anti-static chain 抗静电链anti-static tyre 抗静电轮胎anti-stripping agent 防剥剂anti-syphonage pipe 反虹吸管anti-tip roller 防倾侧滚轮anti-vibration mounting 防震装置anti-vibration pad 防震垫anvil 铁砧aperture 隙缝;孔口apex 顶尖apparatus 仪器;装置;器具;器材appliance 用具;装置;设备applied covering 外加覆盖物applied load 外施荷载approach 进路;引道;接驳道路;引桥approach channel 进港航道;引渠approach ramp 引道坡approach road 引道;进路approach speed 来车速度approach taper 楔形引道路段approach viaduct 高架引道approved material 经批准的物料approved plan 经批准的图则appurtenance 附属物apron 跳板;护板;停机坪arc 电弧arc contact 电弧触点arc runner 电弧滚环arc welding 电弧焊接arch 拱;弓形;拱门architect 建筑师;则师architectural decoration 建筑装饰architectural projection 建筑上的伸出物area traffic control system 区域交通控制系统argon arc welding 氩气焊armature 电枢arrangement 排列;布置arresting assembly 止动装置arterial highway 干线道路arterial traffic 干线交通article of agreement 合约细则artificial lighting 人工照明as-built drawing 竣工图则as-constructed drawing 竣工图则asbestos abatement works 石棉拆除工程asbestos cement 石棉水泥asbestos gasket 石棉垫片ash pit 排渣槽;灰坑asphalt 沥青asphalt distributor 沥青喷洒机asphalt paver 沥青摊铺机asphalt roofing 沥青屋面asphaltic coating 沥青涂层asphaltic concrete 沥青混凝土aspirator 吸气器assemblage 组合物assembly 装置;组合assessment 评估associated works 相关工程;相关设施at-grade pedestrian crossing 地面行人过路处at-grade signal controlled junction 交通灯控制地面路口atmospheric distillation 常压蒸馏atmospheric pressure 大气压力;常压atmospheric temperature 常温atomization air fan 雾化空气风扇attachment 附件;附属物attenuation 衰减audible signal 音响讯号audible warning 音响警号authorities 权限authority 主管当局authorized officer 获授权人员authorized person 获授权人;认可人士;核准人士authorized works 获授权进行的工程;批准进行的工程automatic (spark) ignition device 自动(火花)点火装置automatic control switch 自动控制开关automatic operation 自动操作automatic release 自动脱扣automatic voltage regulator 自动调压器automatic weather station 自动气象站automation equipment 自动化设备auxiliary control panel 辅助掣板auxiliary equipment 辅助设备auxiliary feedwater pump 辅助给水泵auxiliary feedwater tank 辅助给水箱auxiliary plant 辅助厂房auxiliary system 辅助系统auxiliary water pump 辅助水泵average compressive stress 平均压应力average strength 平均强度axial fan 轴流式风扇axial force 轴向力axial load 轴向载重;轴向荷载axial stress 轴向应力axle bearing 车轴轴承(车轴啤令)back-fire 逆火back-up area 后勤地区;辅助埸地backfill 回填;回填土backfill material 回填物料background noise 本底噪声;背景噪声backing plate 垫板;背板baffle 隔板;挡板baffle plate 遮挡板baffle wall 遮挡墙balance tank 调节池;均衡槽balance weight 平衡锤balanced load 平衡载重balancer 平冲器balancing pipeline 平衡水管balcony 露台ball bearing 滚珠轴承ball valve 浮球阀;球形阀;波阀ball-and-socket joint 球窝接头ballast 道碴bamboo scaffolding 竹枝棚架band brake 带式制动器band clamp 带夹banshee alarm 尖啸警报bar 铁枝;杆;巴(压力量单位)bar tendon 钢筋barging area 驳运地点barrack 营房barrel 管筒;芯管barrette 方形桩barricade 路障;障碍物barrier 栏栅;护栏;障碍物;屏障barrier block 路障barrier gate 路闸barrier plate 阻挡板base 基座base course 路面下层;承重层;路基层base frame 基架base insulator 基架绝缘器base plate 底板;垫板base sealing 底部密封胶base slab 平底板base support 底座支架baseline 基线;底线;基准线baseline programme 基线计划basement 地库;地窖;地下室batching plant 混凝土混和机;配料厂batter pile 斜桩battery 蓄电池battery acid level 电池酸位battery cell volt 蓄电池电压battery charger 电池充电器battery electric locomotive 电力机车battery electrolyte 电池电解液battery-powered device 电池推动装置beacon 闪光指示灯bead 焊珠beam 横梁bearing 支座;支承;承座;轴承(啤令);方向角bearing capacity 承载力bearing force 承重能力;承载能力bearing pad 支承垫片;承重垫片bearing pile 支承桩bearing pin 支承栓钉bearing plate 支承垫板bearing stress 支承应力bearing surface 支承面bedding 底层;层理bedplate 座板bedrock 基层岩behaviour 性能;状况Belisha beacon 斑马线灯;黄波灯bellow pot 气囊;气囊筒belt 带;皮带belt conveyor 带式输送机belt guard 皮带护罩belt tension 皮带拉力bend 弯角;弯位;路弯;弯管bending force 弯曲力bending stress 弯曲应力Benkelman beam test 贝克曼梁试验bentonite 膨润土;膨土岩berm channel 斜水平台渠berth 停泊处;碇泊位bevel 斜角;斜面bias 偏移bill of quantities 工料清单binder 黏合料bit 钻头bitumen 沥青bitumen coating 沥青外搪层;沥青外衬bitumen felt 沥青纸bitumen lining 沥青内搪层;沥青衬里bituminous concrete 沥青混凝土bituminous macadam 沥青碎石bituminous waterproof membrane 沥青防水膜blade 剪刀;叶片blank flange 盲板法兰;盲板凸缘;管口盖板blanking plate 封板blast-furnace 鼓风炉blast-furnace slag cement 炉渣水泥blasting 爆石;爆破bleed nipple 放气嘴;减压嘴bleed off pipe 溢流管bleed screw 放气螺钉;减压螺钉bleeding 泌浆(混凝土);泌水性(混凝土) blended cement 混合水泥blending control 混合控制blinding 补路石砂;(填充表面孔隙的细石) block plan 楼宇平面图blow down 放水;放气blow down valve 放泄阀;排水阀blower 吹风机;鼓风机bobbin 绕线管bogie 转向架boiler room 锅炉房boiling point 沸点bollard 护柱;系船柱bollard light 安全岛指示灯bollard plinth 护柱柱基;护柱基座bolster 承枕;横撑bolt 螺栓bond 黏结;黏合;契约bond coat 黏合层bond strength 黏合强度bond stress 黏合应力boom 吊杆booster pump 增压泵booster pumping station 增压抽水站booster transformer 增压变压器booster water pump 增压水泵;增压抽水机borated water storage tank 含硼水贮存箱border link 边境连接道路border terminus 过境终站bore 钻孔;内孔bored pile 螺旋钻孔桩bored tunnel 钻挖的隧道borehole log 钻孔纪录boric acid 硼酸boring 钻探;冲孔boring machine 钻探机;镗床borrow area 采泥区;采料区bottleneck 樽颈;狭窄段bottom heave 底部隆bottom layer 底层bottom plate 底板boulder 巨砾boundary 分界线;界线box culvert 盒形排水渠;盒形暗渠;箱形暗渠;方形去水渠box girder 箱形大梁brace 撑杆;支撑braced structure 受横向支撑的结构bracing 支撑bracing structure 支撑结构bracket 托架;支架braid 编织电缆brake 制动器brake horse power 制动马力brake lining 制动器摩擦衬片brake pedal 刹车踏脚板brake system 制动系统brake test 制动器试验brake tester 制动系统测试器braking distance 制动距离;刹车距离branch circuit 分支电路branch pipe/pipework 支管;分支喉管brass gate valve 黄铜闸阀brass wire brush 铜丝刷break pressure tank 减压配水缸箱;水压调节池breaker 轧碎机;碎石机;隔断器;开关闸;断路器;保险掣breaking strength 抗断强度breakthrough 击穿breakwater 防波堤breather 通气孔;呼吸器breather valve 通气阀breathing apparatus 呼吸器具brick 砖brick works 砌砖工程brickwork 砖块bridge 桥梁bridge abutment 桥台bridge crane 桥式吊机bridge deck 桥面板;桥板;桥面bridge girder 桥大梁bridge pier 桥墩bridgeworks 桥梁工程bubble accumulator 气泡贮存器bucket conveyor 斗式输送机buckling 压曲;压弯buckling load 压曲临界荷载buffer 缓冲;缓冲器;减震器buffer area 缓冲地区build, operate and transfer (BOT) franchise 「建造、营运及移交」专营权builder's lift 施工用升降机building 楼宇;建筑物;大厦building area 建筑面积building condition 楼宇状况building construction 建筑物建造;建筑营造building design 建筑物设计;建筑设计building envelope 建筑物外壳building frontage 屋宇前面building land 屋地;屋宇建筑用地building material 建筑物料building plan 建筑图则building services 屋宇设备;屋宇装building site 屋宇建筑地盘;工地building works 屋宇建筑工程;楼宇建筑工程bulk excavation works 大型挖掘工程bulldozer 推土机;铲泥车bump (road) 限速路面突块bumper 缓冲器;防撞器;防撞杠bunch 捆扎bund ;田基;堤bund wall 墙bunded area 堤保护区buoyant force 浮力burglar alarm system 防盗警钟系统buried concrete 埋入地下的混凝土burner 燃烧器;炉头bursting 爆裂bus interchange 巴士转车处bus stop shelter 巴士站上盖bus terminus 巴士总站bus-bar 导电条;母线(巴士巴)bus-coupler 母线联接bush 轴衬(杯士)butt fusion welding 对头熔接butt welding 对焊butterfly cock 蝶形旋阀butterfly gate 蝶形闸butterfly valve 蝶形阀buttress 支墩buzzer 蜂音器;蜂鸣器by-pass 绕道;支路;支管;旁通管by-pass valve 旁通阀cab 小室;驾驶室cabinet 小室;贮存柜cable 电缆cable channel 电缆沟;电缆槽cable conduit 电缆管cable coupler 电缆耦合器cable draw pit 电缆沙井;铺缆井cable duct 电缆管道cable gland 电缆密封套cable joint 电缆接头cable laying wagon 电缆敷设车cable lead 电缆引线cable route 电缆路线cable supported viaduct 悬索高架桥cable suspension bridge 钢索吊桥cable trench 电缆槽cable trough 电缆坑cable trunk 电缆干线cable tunnel 电缆隧道cable-stayed bridge 斜拉桥cage 机厢caisson 沉箱caisson cap 沉箱盖caisson foundation 沉箱地基;沉箱基础caisson pier 沉箱墩caisson pile 沉箱桩caisson retaining wall 沉箱挡土墙caisson wall 沉箱墙calibration 校准caliper measure 测径calorie (cal) 卡路里(热量单位) calorific value 热值calorifier 加热器cam 突轮camber 拱度candela (cd) 烛光(发光强度单位) canister respirator 罐型防毒面具canopy 檐篷cantilever 悬臂cantilever beam 悬臂梁cantilever bridge 悬臂桥cantilever crane 悬臂吊机cantilever footing 悬臂基脚cantilever foundation 悬臂地基cantilever support 悬臂支架canvas 帆布canvas belt 帆布带cap 帽;盖capacitance meter 电容表capacitor 电容器capacity 容量;载客量capacity control valve 容量控制阀capital works 基本建设工程;基建工程;carbon brush 碳刷carbon pile 碳柱carbon ring 碳环carbon steel 含碳钢carbon strip 碳条carbonation 碳化carbonation depth 碳化深度carbonation process 碳化过程carborundum 金刚砂carburettor 化油器;气化器cargo handling area 货物装卸区carriageway 行车道carriageway marking 行车道标记carrying capacity 运载量;载重量;承载能力cartridge 子弹;弹药筒cartridge operated tool 弹药推动的工具cartridge type respirator 滤罐型呼吸器;筒型防毒面具(猪咀)casing 套管cast iron 铸铁;生铁cast iron conductor 铸铁导管cast iron pipe 铸铁管(生铁管)cast-in anchorage 浇注锚固cast-in-place 灌注;现场浇筑cast-in-situ concrete unit 现场浇筑混凝土构件casting basin 预制件工场casualty team 伤亡急救队cat ladder 便梯;爬梯catalytic action 催化作用catch 挡片;制止器;扣掣;门扣catch fan 扇形防护网架catch fence 拦截围墙catch platform 坠台catchment area 集水区;引集范围catchpit 排水井;集水坑;截流井catchwater channel 集水槽catenary wire 吊索cathode 阴极cathode ray tube 阴极射线管cathodic protection 阴极保护catwalk 跳板;轻便梯;轻便栈桥caulk 堵缝caulking material 填隙料causeway 堤道caution sign 警告标志cavern 洞穴cavity 中空部分;穴cavity wall 空心墙ceiling 天花板ceiling slab 天花板ceiling suspension hook 天花吊cell 电池cellular office 分格式办公室cement 水泥cement content 水泥含量cement mortar 水泥沙浆cement plaster 水泥灰泥cement rendering 水泥荡面cement sand mix 水泥沙浆cementitious content 水泥质成分centi (c) 厘(百分之一)central divider 中央分隔栏central dividing strip 中央分隔带central line 中线central median 中央分隔带central power-driven machine 中央动力机械central profile barrier 中央纵向护栏central reserve 中央预留带central span 中跨距centre lane 中行车线centre line 中心线centre line of street 街道中心线centrifugal filter 离心过滤器centrifugal force 离心力centrifugal load 离心荷载centrifugal pump 离心泵centripetal force 向心力ceramic tile 瓷砖certificate 证明书certificate of inspection 检查证明书certificate of registration 注册证明书;登记证明书certification 核证certified copy 经核证文本certify 核证cesspool 污水池chain 链chain block 滑车吊链;链动滑轮(尖箔落) chainage 丈量长度;里程距离chainlink fence 扣环围栏;铁网围栏chamber 小室;间隔chamfer 去角(斜角)位;斜削change-over switch 转换开关change-over valve 转换阀channel 沟渠;线糟;槽;渠道;频道channel cover 槽盖channelization (traffic) (交通)导流channelizing island 导行岛channelizing line 导行线characteristic strength 特征强度chart datum 海图基准面chart recorder 图表记录器chasis 车身底盘check 查核check block 挡块check joint 止回接头check mechanism 制动装置check plate 垫板;挡板check rail 护轮轨check screw 止动螺钉check valve 止回流阀chemical action 化学作用chemical dosing 化学剂量chemical grout 化学灌浆chemical property 化学特性chemical refuse 化学垃圾chemical test 化学测试chemicals 化学品chequered plate 网纹板chill plate 冷却板chilled air fan 冷风风扇chilled water pump 冷冻水泵chiller 冷冻机chiller plant 致冷设备;制冷设备chimney 烟沟;烟chimney coping 烟囱盖顶chimney stack 烟囱chippings 碎屑;破片chisel 凿chloride 氯化物chloride content 氯化物含量chloride diffusion 氯化物扩散chloride extraction 除氯chloride ion 氯离子chloride ion content 氯离子含量chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (PVC-C) 氯化聚氯乙烯chlorinated water 加有氯气的水chlorinator 加氯器chopper 斩波器chunam 灰泥土批荡chute 溜槽;滑道chute 槽管circuit 电路;环道circuit breaker 断路保险掣circular footing 圆基脚circular road 环回道路circulating water pump 循环水泵circulation mode 循环模式circumferential road 环回道路civil works 土木工程cladding 骨架外墙;覆盖层claim 声称;申索;索偿clamp 夹钳claplock cable clamp 拍扣式电缆线夹clay 黏土clay field pipe 瓦管cleaning eye 清理孔cleaning rod 清理棒cleansing 洁净clear effective length 净有效长度clear height 净高clear opening 净开口clear space 净空间clear span 净跨距clear width 净阔度clearance 相距空间;清折行动clearance gauge 测隙规clearance space 间隙空间cleat 夹具clevis U形夹client 委托人climb form technique 提升模板技术climbing lane 爬坡车道clip 小夹close fitting cover 紧合封盖close fittings 紧合配件close-boarded platform 密合封板平台closed area 禁区closed circuit television (CCTV) 闭路电视closed end 不能通行的一端closed position 闭合的位置closure 封闭cloverleaf interchange 四叶式交汇处;蝶式交汇处clutch 离合器co-ordinator 统筹人coal-tar epoxy 环氧煤焦油coarse aggregate 粗集料;粗骨料coarse screening 粗筛coating 保护层;涂层coating material 涂盖物质cock 旋塞;旋阀code of practice 工作守则;操作守则code reader 读码器coefficient 系数coefficient of expansion 膨胀系数coefficient of linear expansion 线性膨胀系数cofferdam 围堰坝cohesive force 黏合力;凝聚力coil 线圈;簧圈;盘管cold milling 刨去路面旧沥青cold reduced steel wire 冷轧钢丝cold solvent welding 冷冻溶剂焊接cold storage 冷藏库collapse 坍塌collapsible cantilever platform 可摺悬臂平台collapsible gate 摺闸collar 护圈;束套;套环collet 套爪;筒夹colluvial deposit 崩积土层colour code 色码colour light signal 颜色灯号coloured cement 颜色水泥column 柱column cap 柱帽column footing 柱基脚column frame 柱架column head 柱头combined dead load 组合恒载combined effect 混合效应combined footing 联合基脚combined load 合并载重combustible goods 可燃物品combustible material 可燃烧物料combustion 燃烧combustion chamber 燃烧室commencement of operation 开始操作commercial building 商业建筑物commercial complex 商场commercial land 商业用地commercial use 商业用途commissioning 启用;投产;投入服务;开始使用;开始运作commitment 承担common corridor 公用走廊common part 公用部分common use 共同使用common waste pipe 共用废水管communal facilities 公用设施communication channel/link 通讯渠道communication system 通讯系统commutator 整流器commuter 交通工具的经常乘客compacted concrete 压实混凝土compaction 压实;夯实compaction pile 压实桩compaction test 压实测试compartment 分隔室;隔室compartment wall 分隔墙compatibility 相配;相容compensating valve 补偿阀compensation 补偿;补偿金competent person 合资格人士;有资格人士complement 补充设备complete function test 全面功能试验complete fusion 完全熔接complete overhaul 全面大修completed works 已完成的工程compliance 遵从composite beam 组合梁composite building 综合用途建筑物composite pile 混合桩composite sandwich construction 复合夹层结构composite steel plate 复合钢板composite wall 组合墙composition 成分compound 场地;合成物comprehensive details 全面细节;整体细节comprehensive development area 综合发展区comprehensive redevelopment area 综合重建区comprehensive transport interchange facilities 综合交通交汇设施comprehensive transport study 整体运输研究compressed air 压缩空气compressed air tunnelling method 压缩空气开挖隧道法compressed gas 压缩气体compressing tool 压挤工具compression 压缩compression joint 承压接缝compression load 压缩荷载compression reinforcement 受压钢筋compression test 抗压测试compressive failure 压缩塌毁;压缩毁坏compressive strength 抗压强度compressive stress 抗压应力compressor 压缩机computer aided design (CAD) facilities 电脑辅助设计设施computer graphics 电脑绘图computerized automatic concrete cube crushing machine 电脑化混凝土立方块压力试验机concave 凹形concealed piping 隐藏喉管concentrated load 集中载重;集中荷载concept plan 概念图则conceptual layout 概念规划concrete 混凝土;三合土;石屎concrete barrier 混凝土防撞栏concrete block 混凝土趸concrete block seawall 混凝土海堤concrete buffer 混凝土缓冲concrete core 混凝土芯concrete cover 混凝土保护层concrete cube 混凝土立方块concrete cube test 混凝土立方体试验concrete durability 混凝土耐用程度concrete foundation 混凝土基础concrete grade 混凝土等级concrete lining 混凝土搪层;混凝土衬里concrete mix 混凝土混合物;混凝土拌合料concrete mixer 混凝土混合机;混凝土搅拌机concrete mixing plant 混凝土拌合厂concrete paving block 混凝土铺路砖concrete pile 混凝土桩concrete pipe 混凝土管concrete plinth 混凝土基脚concrete pour works 混凝土浇灌工程concrete profile barrier 混凝土纵向护栏concrete re-alkalization 混凝土再碱性化concrete sample 混凝土样本concrete slab 混凝土板concrete sleeper 混凝土轨枕concrete spalling 混凝土剥落concrete strength 混凝土强度concrete stress 混凝土应力concrete structure 混凝土结构;混凝土建造物concrete technology 混凝土科技;混凝土工艺concrete test 混凝土测试concrete vibrator 混凝土震捣器concrete wall 混凝土墙concreting 灌注混凝土condensation 冷凝condenser 冷凝器;电容器condition 条件;状况conductance 导率conduction 传导conductive part 导电部分conductivity 导电性conductor 导体;导线conduit 管道;导管cone 锥形筒configuration 构形confined space 密封空间confining stress 局限应力confirmatory test 验证测试connection 接驳;连接connection 接驳处connector 接驳器;连接器consecutive test result 连续测试结果consent 同意conservation of energy 节约能源conservatory 温室consideration 代价console 控制台consolidate 加固consolidating stratum 固结地层consolidation 沉积;固结consolidation coefficient 固结系数consolidation test 固结试验conspicuous place 显眼地方conspicuous position 显眼位置construction 建造;建筑结构;构造construction cost 建筑成本;建筑价格;建筑费用;造价construction joint 施工接缝;施工缝construction plant 施工设备construction road 施工用道路construction sequence 施工程序;施工步骤construction site vehicle 建筑地盘车辆construction stage 施工阶段construction works 建造工程consultant 顾问consultant fee 顾问费consultation 谘询consumer 用户container 贮存器;货柜containment 防漏contaminate 污染contamination monitoring system 污染监测系统contingency plan 应急计划;应变计划contingency sum 额外预算费continuity 连续性continuity test 连续性测试continuous barrier 连续护栏continuous beam 连续梁continuous covered elevated walkway system 直通有盖高架行人路系统continuous footing 连续基脚;条型基础continuous load 连续荷载contour walk 依地势建筑的小径contra-flow 反方向行车contract 合约;合同contract description 合约说明contract document 合约文件contract drawing 合约图则contract payment 合约支付款项contract period 合约期contract sum 合约金额contraction coefficient 收缩系数contraction crack 收缩裂缝contraction joint 收缩接缝contractor 承建商;建筑商contractor shed 承建商屋棚contractor yard 承建商工地contractual claim 按合约索偿contractual obligation 合约订明的责任contravention 违反contribution 分担费用control 管制control cable 操纵缆control console 操纵台;控制台control gear 控制器control kiosk 控制站control panel 控制电箱;控制盘control switch 控制电掣control valve 控掣阀controlled area 管制区conversion factor 换算系数converter 变流器convex 凸形convey 输送conveyor 输送机;输送器coolant 冷却剂cooling agent 冷却剂cooling coil 冷却盘管cooling fan 冷却风扇cooling fan blade 散热扇片cooling fin 散热片;冷却片cooling rib 冷却肋片cooling system 冷却系统cooling tank 冷却池cooling tower 冷却水塔cooling water pump 冷却水泵coping 盖顶coping stone 墩台石;盖顶石copper tube 铜管copperclad aluminium conductor 包铜铝导体copy 文本;副本corbel 托臂cord (electricity) 软(电)线cordon lantern 作界线用的路灯core 土芯;芯样core data bank 土芯样本资料库core diameter 土芯直径;芯样直径core drilling 钻取土芯;取芯钻探core sample 土芯样本core testing 芯样测试coring 钻取样本;钻探抽样corner 角位corner site 街角地盘cornice 飞檐correction factor 修正系数corrective maintenance 更正维修;故障维修corridor 走廊corrosion 腐蚀;侵蚀corrosion inhibiting grease 抗蚀油脂corrosion resistance 耐蚀性corrosion-resistant material 防蚀物料corrosive air 腐蚀性空气corrosive fume 腐蚀性烟气corrosive salt 腐蚀性盐corrosive substance 腐蚀性物质corrugated barrier fence rail 波浪式护栏横档corrugation grinding machine 波纹研磨机cotton rag 碎棉布counterbalance valve 平衡阀counterweight 平衡锤couplant 耦合剂coupler 联接器coupling 接头coupling flange 联结法兰coupling joint 联轴接头cover 盖板;外盖;遮盖;封盖;保护层cover tile 盖瓦covered area 上盖面积;有盖地方;室内面积covered channel 有盖排水槽;暗槽covered drain 暗置排水渠;暗渠covered footbridge 有盖行人天桥covered nullah 暗置大沟渠covered pedestrian walkway 有盖行人路covered sewer 暗置污水渠covered walkway 有盖人行道covermeter 钢筋深度表;面层测厚仪coverway 廊道crack 裂缝crane 吊机;起重机crank 曲柄crank pin bearing 曲柄销承crank shaft 曲柄转轴crash barrier 防撞栏;护栏crash gate 消防车专用栏creep 徐变;蠕变creeping motion 蠕动creeping speed 蠕行速度creosote 木材防腐油crib wall 叠墙;框格式墙critical element 关键构件;临界构件critical load 临界荷载cross grain 横纹cross head 十字头;丁字头cross road 十字路口;交路口cross section 横截面cross sectional area 横截面积cross tie 横木crossfall 横斜度crossing 交叉;十字路口crowbar 铁笔crowd loading 群众荷载crown 路拱;拱顶crucible 坩埚crude petroleum 原油crushed stone 碎石crusher 碎石机crushing strength 压碎强度crystal oscillator 晶体振荡器cubic metre (m3) 立方米(体积单位) cubicle 房;小间cul-de-sac 尽头路;死巷culvert 暗渠;下水道culvert bridge 桥式暗渠curb 路缘石;石curb line 路边线;路缘线curing 养护curing agent/compound 养护剂curing condition 养护环境curing time 养护期current (electricity) 电流current demand 电流需求量current intensity 电流强度current limiter 限流器current limiting reactor 限流电抗器current monitoring device 电流监察器current reducing resistor 减流电阻器current regulator 电流调节器;稳流器current relay 电流继电器current suppressing resistor 抑流电阻器current transformer 电流变压器current-carrying capacity 载流量current-carrying conductor 载流导体curtain wall 幕墙curtain wall supports 幕墙承托物cushion 缓冲;软垫cushioning material 垫承物料cushioning spring 缓冲弹簧cut 切割cut and cover method 锄坑回填法;明挖回填法cut and cover tunnel 挖填方式兴建的隧道cut and fill design 挖填设计cut and fill slope 半填半挖式斜坡cut slope 削土斜坡cutter 切割器cycle track 单车径cyclic loading 循环荷载;周期性负荷;周期荷载cylinder 气筒;液压缸;气缸cylinder crushing strength 圆柱体抗压强度dado 墙裙;护壁dam 坝damage 损毁;损害damp proofing 防潮damper 气闸;气流调节器;减震器;防火闸dangerous building 危险建筑物dangerous goods store 危险品仓库data transmission 数据输送datum 基准面datum mark 基准记号dead end 尽头处dead load 静荷载;恒荷载;恒载量debris 瓦砾;碎屑;泥石decarbonizing 脱碳deceleration lane 减速车道deci (d) 分(十分之一)decibel (dB) 分贝(声音强度单位)deck 桥面;层面;露天平台decked nullah 铺面渠declination 倾斜decoder 解码器decommissioning 解除运作;停止运作;关闭decompression chamber 减压室decorations 装饰;装修decorative finish 饰面decorative lighting 装饰照明deep bore well pump 深钻井泵deep compaction 深层压实deep foundation 深层地基;深基础deep groove 深槽deep trench excavation 深沟挖掘deep vibration compaction 深层震荡式压实deep well water pump 深井水泵deface 污损default 过失defect 毛病;欠妥之处defective 欠妥defective building 欠妥的建筑物deflection 挠度;偏差度;偏斜;弯沉;偏转;变位deflection coefficient 挠度系数deformation 变形deformation characteristic 变形特征defrost 溶雪;解冻degassing 除气;放气degradation 退化;退降degrease solvent 去脂溶剂degree 程度;度数degree Celsius 摄氏度(温度单位)degree Fahrenheit 华氏度(温度单位)dehumidifier 抽湿机dehydrating cartridge 干燥剂筒dehydration 脱水dehydrator 干燥机;脱水器dehydrogenation tank 脱氢缸delamination 层状剥落delay 阻延deleterious substance 有害杂质deluge valve 涌流阀demand note 缴款通知单demolition 清拆;拆卸demolition works 拆卸工程demonstrate 证明density 密度deposit 淤积物;沉积物;按金;定金;保证金depot 车厂;仓库;车站depressed road 低于地面的道路depth gauge 深度规;深度计derrick crane 吊臂起重机derust 除锈descale 清除氧化皮description 说明design 设计design and build contract 设计及营造合约design assumption 设计假定design calculation 设计计算资料design code 设计准则;设计规范design details 设计细则design earth pressure 设计土压力design flow 设计流量design life 设计使用年限design load 设计载重;设计荷载design pressure 设计压力design safety factor 设计安全系数design speed 设计速度design stress 设计应力designed mix concrete 配料设计混凝土desilting sand trap/pit 隔沙池;沉沙池destructive test 破坏性测试detailed description 详细描述detailed drawing 详图;细节图;细明图detailed plan 详图detector 探测器;检波器detergent 清洁剂。
土木建筑工程词典1. 混凝土:一种由水、水泥和骨料(如砂、石子)混合搅拌而成的坚固建筑材料。
2. 结构:指建筑物或构筑物的骨架系统,能够承受荷载并分散到基础上。
3. 基础:建筑物承受荷载的地面部分,通常采用混凝土或钢筋混凝土构造。
4. 施工:指建筑工程实施的过程,包括勘察设计、材料采购、现场施工等环节。
5. 吊装:使用起重设备将建筑材料、设备等物件从地面升至预定高度的操作过程。
6. 钢筋:一种具有高强度和耐腐蚀性能的金属材料,常用于钢筋混凝土结构中。
7. 桥梁:用于跨越水域、地势起伏等障碍物的建筑物,通常由桥面、桥墩和桥台等组成。
8. 导线:电力输送线路中用于导电的部件,通常由铜、铝等导电材料制成。
9. 地基处理:改善或增强建筑物地下基础的工程措施,包括土体加固、地下水处理等。
10. 塔吊:用于在建筑工地上进行高空建筑和吊装作业的起重设备。
11. 隔墙:用于隔离、分隔空间的墙体,通常采用砖石、石膏板、轻钢龙骨等材料建造。
12. 深基坑:挖掘较深、周围土壤支护需求较高的土木工程。
13. 纵横比:指建筑物或构筑物在平面上的长宽比。
常用于评估建筑结构的稳定性和审美效果。
14. 浇筑:将混凝土或其他建筑材料倒入模具,并通过震动、振捣等方式使其充分均匀地填充。
15. 地基沉降:指建筑物地基因荷载作用或土壤特性等原因而产生的下沉现象。
16. 隧道:用于穿越山脉、河流等地下通道的工程设施,通常由隧道壁、顶板和地基构成。
17. 顶棚:位于建筑物顶部或空间内部的覆盖层,用于保护建筑和划分空间。
18. 护坡:用于保护土方工程边坡的防护结构,通常采用混凝土、石材等材料建造。
19. 斜拉桥:一种通过斜拉索将桥梁主梁与桥跨连接的特殊桥型,具有较高的结构美观性和抗风能力。
20. 设计:根据工程需求和规范,制定出建筑物的结构、功能和外观等方面的方案和图纸。
土木工程专业词汇blow-up 鼓起(路工)blow-in 涌入blow count of SPT 标准贯入击数blow count 打击数blocky structure 块状构造bore hole seismic loggine 钻孔震测柱状图Sedimentation analysis 沈淀分析bore hole 钻孔Seepage 渗流bore core 岩心Seepage face 渗流面Seepage failure 渗流破坏bore casing 套管Seepage force 渗流力Seepage line 渗流线Seepage pressure 渗流压力Seepage velocity 渗流速度bore 钻凿Seepage water 渗流水Seeping water 渗流水border stone 镶边石Segment 环片、环节border pile 边桩bookhouse fabric 书堆构造Segregation 离析book clay 带状黏土Seif 砂丘Seismic coefficient 地震系数bonding force 键力,结合力Seismic exploration 震动测探法bonding agent 粘结剂Seismic intensity scale 震度等级bonding 胶合Seismic velocity 震波速度bond strength 胶结强度,粘结强度borehole specimen 钻孔土样borehole shear apparatus 钻孔剪切仪borehole scanner 钻孔扫描器borehole sample 钻孔土样borehole record 钻孔纪录borehole pressure recovery test 钻孔压力恢复试验borehole periscope 钻孔潜望镜borehole log 钻孔柱状图borehole jack 钻孔千斤顶borehole gravimeter 钻孔重力仪borehole extensometer 钻孔伸张仪borehole cleaning 清孔borehole TV 钻孔电视borehole 钻孔borehole caliper 钻孔规borehole direct shear device 钻孔直剪仪borehole camera 钻孔照相机Secondary grout 二次灌浆Secondary lining 二次衬砌bored pile 钻掘桩bored cast-in-place pile 钻孔场柱桩bore-hole seismic logging 钻孔震测柱状图Secondary structure 二次构造Section modulus 断面系数bore rod 钻杆Sedentary soil 残积土Sediment 沉积物bore plug 钻孔取样点位图Sedimentary rock 沉积岩作者: 218.12.151.* 2006-5-20 13:25 回复此发言--------------------------------------------------------------------------------2 土木工程专业词汇bore log 钻孔柱状图Sandy soil 砂质土壤Saprolite 腐泥岩、腐泥土Saturated unit weight 饱和单位重Saturation 饱和Saturation curve 饱和曲线Saturation line 饱和线Scale 比例尺Scale effect 规模效应Scaly structure 鳞状构造Scarp 崖Schist 片岩Schistosity 片理Schmidt hammer 史氏锤Schmidt net 史氏网Scoria 火山岩滓Scour 冲刷Scraper 刮运机Scree 崖锥石屑Screen 筛Screening plant 筛场Screw auger 螺旋钻Screw pile 螺旋管SEAGS 东南亚大地工程学会Sealing coat 止水层Seam 缝层Seasonal movement 季节性移动Secant modulus 正割模数Secondary compression 次压缩Secondary consolidation 次压密borehole stress gage 孔内应力计Runoff 迳流Runway 跑道Rupture envelope 破坏包络线Rupture line 破坏线Rutting 车辙R-value 抵抗值RSafe load 安全载重Safety factor 安全系数Sag 下垂Salina 盐湖Salinity 盐度Sample 取样Sample 取样器Sampling 取样Sampling disturbance 取样扰动Sampling tube 取样管Sand 砂土、砂Sand bar 砂洲Sand bitumen 砂沥青Sand bitumen 砂沥青Sand bitumen 砂沥青Sand drain 排水砂桩Sand dune 砂丘Sand fraction 砂分量Sand mat 砂垫Sand pile 砂桩Sandstone 砂岩Sandy clay 砂质黏土Sandy clay loam 砂质黏质壤土Sandy loam 砂质壤土Rock drilling 岩层钻孔Rock facies 岩相Rock fall 落盘、落石Rock fill dam 堆石坝Rock flour 岩末Rock mass 岩体Rock mass rating (RMR) 岩体分级法Rock mechanics 岩石力学Rock pressure 岩石压力Rock quality designation 岩石品质指标Rock salt 盐岩Rock slide 岩石滑动Rock test 岩石试验Rock waste 岩屑Rod 钢杆Rolled earth dam 辗压土坝Rolled fill 辗压填土Roller 辗压机、压路机Roof 顶盘、天盘Root hole 根穴Rotary boring 旋转式钻孔Rotary drilling 旋转式钻孔Rotary percussion boring 旋转冲击式钻孔Rotational slip 旋转滑动Roughness 粗糙度Roughness ratio 粗度比Roundness 圆度比Rubber-tired roller 胶轮辗压机Rubber-tired roller 胶轮辗Rubble 粗石、碎石 Retardation延迟现象Retrogressive slide 後退滑动Reverse circulation bored pile 反循环法钻掘桩Reverse fault 逆断层Reynold's number 雷诺数Revetment 护岸Rheology 质流学Rhyolite 流纹岩Rift 裂向Rift valley 裂谷、地堑Rigid foundation 刚性基础Rigid pavement 刚性路面Rigid wall 刚性墙Rigidity modulus 刚性模数Rill erosion 细流冲蚀Ring shear apparatus 环式剪力仪Riprap 抛石Riser pipe 竖管River deposit 河积层River levee 堤岸River terrace 河成阶地Roadbed 路基Road embankment 路堤Road foundation 路基Robot 机器人Rock 岩石Rock anchor 岩锚Rock bolt 岩栓Rock burst 岩爆Rock core 岩心Relative humidity 相对湿度Relative rigidity 相对刚性Relict soil 遣土Relief well 释压井Remolded soil 重塑土壤Remolding (Remoulding) 重塑、重模Remolding gain 重塑强化量Remolding loss 重塑弱化量Remote sencing 遥感、遥测Rendulic's stress path 连瑞克应力路径Repeated loading 反覆载重、重复载重Replacement method 换土法Reservoir 水库、储油层Residual clay soil 残留黏土Residual deformation 残留变形作者: 218.12.151.* 2006-5-20 13:25 回复此发言--------------------------------------------------------------------------------3 土木工程专业词汇Residual factor 残留强度因数Residual shear strength 残留剪力强度Residual soil 残留土、残积土Residual settlement 残馀沈陷量Residual stress 残馀应力Resistance 阻抗、电阻Resisting moment 阻抗力矩、底抗力矩Resistivity survey 电阻测探法Resonance 共振Resonant-column test 共振柱试验Response control structure 免震构造Response spectrum 反应谱Restoring force 回复力Resultant seismic coefficient 合成地震系数Retaining wall 挡土墙Rate of loading 载重速度Rate of operation 运用率Rayleigh wave 瑞雷波Raymond pile 雷蒙桩Ready mixed concrete 预拌混凝土Reaming 扩孔Rebound curve 回胀曲线Recharge well 补注井Reclaimed land 新生地Recompact 再压实、再夯实Recompression 再压缩Reconnaissance 勘查Reconsolidation 再压密Recovery ratio 回收率Rectangle dividing method 长方形划分法Recumbent fold 卧褶皱Red clay 红黏土Red soil 红土Reduction factor 减低率Reflection method 反射法Refraction method 折射法Refusal 抗进 (打桩)Regional metamorphism 区域变质作用Regolith 风化层表土Regur 黑棉土Reinforced concrete 钢筋混凝土Reinforced concrete pile 钢筋混凝土桩Reinforced earth 加劲土Relative consistency 相对稠度Relative density 相对密度Quartz 石英Quartz-diorite 石英闪绿岩Quartz porphyry 石英斑岩Quartz-schist 石英片岩Quartzite 石英岩Quaternary deposit 第四纪层Quaternary period 第四纪Quay wall 岸墙Quick clay 流态黏土Quick condition 流态条件Quick explosives 高速炸药Quicksand 流砂Quick shear test 快剪试验Q-value Q值Radial flow 辐射流Radial shear 辐射状剪力Radial shear zone 辐射状剪力区Radioactive exploration (prospecting) 放射性检测探法Radioactive exploration 放射性检测探法Radioactive logging 放射性检层法Radius of influence 影响半径Radius of relative stiffness 刚比半径Raft foundation 筏式基础Raker pile 斜桩Rammer 击紧机、夯土机Ramp 坡道、匝道Rankine's earth pressure theory 兰金土压力理论Rankine's earth pressure 兰金土压力理论Rapid filtration 迅速过滤Rapid transit tunnel 捷运隧道boundary condition 边界条件bound water 附著水boulder clay 巨石黏土boulder blasting 巨石开炸boulder 巨石bottom pressure 底压力(隧道)boston heave 底部隆起boston charge 底部装药,底冲法boston blue clay 波士顿蓝黏土borrow pit 借土坑borrow material 借土料borrow exploration 借土勘探borrow exploration 借土堪探borrow area 借土区borrow 借土borros point 波罗杆(沉降观测) boring-core 钻孔岩心boring rod 钻杆boring rig 钻机boring maching 钻机boring log 钻孔柱状图boring frame 钻架boring casing 钻探套管boring bit 钻头boring 钻探,钻孔borescope 钻孔检示器borer 钻孔,钻机,钻头borehole (boring) 钻孔borehole surveying 钻孔测量Quarry 采石场、石矿brine 卤水briefly farozen soil 暂冻土brief analysis 简易分析bridge 桥breccia 角砾石breast wall 胸墙breakwater 防波堤breaking strain 断裂应变breakdown pressure 破碎压力break stone 碎石brazilian test 巴西式试验braided stream 辫状河川brackish water 微碱水作者: 218.12.151.* 2006-5-20 13:25 回复此发言--------------------------------------------------------------------------------4 土木工程专业词汇brackishdeposit 半碱沉积bracing 支撑braceing 支撑版braced sheeting 支撑版braced excavation 支撑开挖brace(bracing) 撑杆box shear apparatus (see direct shear apparatus) 盒式剪力仪(直接剪力仪之一种)box pile 箱型桩box foundation 箱型基础box caisson 沉箱bowl-shape settlement 碗型沉陷bowl scraper 刮土机boussinesq theory 布西涅斯克理论bourdon gauge 布登压力计boundary zone of capillarity 毛细管界限区boundary layer 边界层boundary layer 边界层bulk density 统体密度bulk compressibility 体积压缩性bulb pile 大头桩bulb of bressure 葱形等压力球building site 工地building rubble 建筑垃圾building material 建筑材料building line 建筑线building code (by-laws0 建筑法规buffer 缓冲器buckling 挫屈buckling load 压曲载重bucking 地壳弯曲bucket auger 戽斗钻bubbler unit 发泡器brucite 水镁石brownian movement 布朗运动brooming 劈裂bromine-82,Br 溴-82 bromhead ring shear 环剪broken stone 碎石broken sliding surface 不连续滑动面broken course 断裂层broadly graded soils 宽级配土brittleness index 脆性指数brittleness 脆性brittle failure 脆性破坏brittle clay 脆性黏土brine storage 卤水存储brine pond 卤水池byte 位元组by-pass seepage 绕渗buttress wall 前垛墙butte 孤山butt 桩头burst tearing test 胀破试验burst strength 胀破强度burn-cut 核裂拔心开炸buried terrace 埋藏阶地buried structure 埋入式结构物burger's body 柏格体burger model 柏格模式burette 滴定管bureau public road classification system 美国公路局土壤分类法(BPRCS)burden 炸孔面距buoyat unit weight (see suberged unit weight) 浸水单位重buoyat pile 浮力桩buoyat foundation 浮式基础buoyat density,ρ 浸水密度buoyancy raft 浮式基础buoyancy 浮力bunson burner 本身燃烧机bulldozer 堆土机bulking 胀bulkhead wall 隔墙,岸壁,档墙bulkhead 隔墙,堤岸,防水壁bulk unit weight 统体单位重bulk specific gravity 统体比重,假比重bulk rockfill 抛石体bulk modulus 统体模数calyx drill holes 萼状钻孔calyx drill 萼状钻caliper log 测径记录california bearing ratio (CBR) 加州载重比(美国)caliche 生硝,钙质土calibration test 校正试验calibration curve 校正曲线calibration 校正caldera 巨火山口calculous soil 砾质土calculate self-weight collapse, Δzs 计算自重坍陷量calcite 方解石calcilutie(calcilutyte) 灰泥岩calcify 钙化calcareous spar 方解石calcareous soil 石灰质土calcareous ooze 钙质软泥calcareous concretion 钙质结核calcareous 石灰质的calc spar 方解石caisson 沉箱caission foundation 沉箱基础caission disease 沉箱病,潜水夫病caission 沉箱cainozoic era 新生代cage of reinforcement 钢筋笼cable tool drilling 冲钻cable tool drill(see churn drill) 冲钻c-line C线(塑性图)c-horizon C层位Propylite 青盘岩Protective filter 保护滤层Proving ring 衡圈、计力圈Puddle clay 胶泥黏土Pulling test 抗拔试验Pull-out resistance 抗拔力Pull-out test 抗拔试验Pulvimixer 粉碎拌和机Pumice 浮石、蛭石Pumping phenomera 喷泥现象Pumping test 抽水试验、唧筒试验作者: 218.12.151.* 2006-5-20 13:25 回复此发言--------------------------------------------------------------------------------5 土木工程专业词汇P-wave 纵波、P波Pycnometer 比重瓶Pyrite 黄铁矿、硫化铁Pyrophyllite 叶蜡岩Pyroclastic rock 火成碎屑岩Pyrophyllite 叶辉石Pyroxene 辉石vise 老虎钳cantilever sheet piling 悬臂版桩cantilever sheet pile wall 悬臂版桩墙cantilever sheet pile 悬臂版桩cantilever retaining wall 悬臂式挡土墙cantilever footing 悬臂式基脚canalization 渠化,槽化camkometer 剑桥侧压仪cambridge sampler 剑桥取样器cambridge model 剑桥模式cambrian period 寒武纪camber 预拱Preconsolidation 预压密Preconsolidation pressure 预压密压力grenade 手榴弹Preload (Preloading) 预压、预压法Prepakt mortar pile 预垒桩Prescrete 混凝土灌铸机Pressure bulb 压力球根Pressure cell 压力计Pressure chamber 压力室Pressuremeter test 压力计试验Pressure tunnel 压力隧道Pressure-void ratio curve 压力孔隙比曲线Prestress 预力Primary breaker 一级碎石机Primary compression 主压缩Primary consolidation 主压密Primary lining 初始衬砌Primary stress 初始应力Principal plane 主平面Principal strain 主应变Principal stress 主应力Probing 探测Proctor compaction test 普罗克特压实试验、普罗克特夯实试验Proctor curve 普罗克特曲线Profile 剖面Progressive failure 渐进破坏Progressive settlement 渐增沈陷Progressive slide 渐进滑动Proof-rolling 辗压试验Prop 临时支柱Point load 点载重Poiseulle's law 普怡锡里定律Poisson's ratio 柏松比Polder 围生地Poling board 挡土板、插板Polygonal ground 多角形地Poncelet method 彭思烈图解法Poorly ground 软弱地盘Poorly graded 不良级配的Porcelain clay 瓷土Pore pressure 孔隙压力Pore pressure coefficient 孔隙压力系数Pore pressure dissipation 孔隙压力消散现象Pore water 孔隙水Pore water pressure 孔隙水压力Porosity 孔隙率Porous stone 透水石、多孔石Porphyrite 玢岩Porphyry 斑岩Post-hole auger 螺旋手钻Potential energy 势能、位能Pot-hole 壶穴(地质)Pot-hole 洼穴(路面)Power shovel 动力铲torch 火把,手电筒,泉源Pozzolan 火山灰Preboring 预先钻探Precambrian period 先寒武纪Precast concrete pile 预铸混凝土桩Precompression 预压Pingo 小丘Pipe line 管线Piping 管涌Pit sample 土坑土样、土坑试样Pit gravel 坑砾石Placement moisture content 填土含水量Plagioclase 斜长石Plane stress 平面应力Plane structure 平面构造Planimeter 面积仪Plastic design 塑性设计Plastic equilibrium 塑性平衡Plastic equilibrium theory 塑性平衡理论Plastic flow 塑性流Plasticity 塑性Plasticity chart 塑性图Plasticity index 塑性指数Plastic limit 塑性限度Plastic range 塑性范围Plastic strain 塑性应变Plastic zone 塑性区Plate loading test (Plate bearing test) 平板载重试验Plate tectonics 板块构造Plumbline 锤线Plunge 俯角Plutonic rock 深成岩Pneumatic caisson 压气沈箱Pneumatic-tired roller 胶轮辗压机Podzol 灰壤土Point bearing 桩底抗力Petroleum 石油Petrology 岩石学PF-value 吸力值PH-value 酸碱值Phenocryst 斑晶Photoelastic model test 光弹性模型试验Phreatic line 浸润线Phreatic surface 浸润面Phyllite 千枚岩Physical weathering 物理风化作者: 218.12.151.* 2006-5-20 13:25 回复此发言--------------------------------------------------------------------------------6 土木工程专业词汇Piano wire 预力钢线Pier foundation 墩基础Piezometer 水压计Piezometric head 压力水头Pile 桩Pile cap 桩帽Pile driving 打桩Pile driving analyser 打桩动力分析仪Pile driving formula 打桩公式Pile driving frame 打桩架Pile driving resistance 打桩阻抗Pile foundation 桩基础Pile group 群桩Pile hammer 桩锤、桩鎚Pile loading test 桩载重试验Piling rig 打桩机Pillar 矿柱Pillow lava 枕状熔岩Pilot drift 导坑Pilot tunnel 导坑Passive earth pressure 被动土压力Path of percolation 渗漏流径Pavement 路面、铺面Pea gravel 豆砾Peak value 尖峰值Peat 泥炭土Peat bog 泥炭地Pebble 圆砾Pedestal pile 百力达桩、蒜头桩Pedology 土壤学Pegmatite 伟晶岩Pelagic deposit 深海堆积物Pelite mudstone 泥岩Peneplain 准平原Penetration record 贯入纪录Penetration test 贯入试验Penetrometer 贯入仪Percentage by weight 重量百分比Percent of consolidation 压密百分比Perched water table 栖止地下水位Percolation 渗流、渗漏Percussion boring 冲击式钻孔Peridotite 橄榄岩Period 纪Permafrost 永冻土Permeability 渗透性Permeability test 渗透试验、透水试验Permeameter 渗透试验仪Permian period 二叠纪Perviousness 渗透性Organic soil 有机土O-ring seal 止水环Orogeny 造山运动Orthoclase 正长石Orthogneiss 正片麻岩Osterberg's chart 欧使堡图表Outbreak 超挖、超炸Outcrop 岩层露头、露头Outside clearance ratio 外径比Outwast plain 冰水积土Oven-dried 烘乾Overbarden 覆土层Overbarden pressure 覆土压力Overcompaction 过度压实、过度夯实Over-consolidated 过压密的Over-consolidated ratio 过压密比Overhead 管理费Overturning moment 倾倒力矩Owner 业主Oxbow lake 新月湖、牛轭湖Ozone 臭氧Packing 填料、衬垫(打桩用) paleozoic era 古生代Pantograph 缩收器Panning 盘洗Parent rock 母岩Partial saturation 部份饱和Particle size 粒径Particle size distribution curve 粒径分布曲线Parting 裂理Newtonian fluid 牛顿流体Nodule 岩球Noise pollution 公害噪音Non-cohesive soil 非凝聚性土壤Nonconformity 非整合Non-destructive test 非破坏试验Non-uniform flow 非等流Normal fault 正断层Normal stress 正应力、垂直应力Normally consolidated clay 正常压密黏土Nuclear power plant 核能发电厂Null indicator 归零指示器Numerical calculation 数值分析法N-value N值、标准贯入击数Observation well 观测井Obsidian 黑耀岩Octahedral normal stress 正八面体正应力Oedometer test 压密试验Olivin 橄榄石Omori's formula 大森公式One-dimensional consolidation 单向度压实Ooze 软泥Open tender (bid) 公开招标Open caisson 开口沈箱Open cut 明挖法Open pit mining 明坑采矿法Optimum moisture content 最佳含水量Ordovician period 奥陶纪Ore 矿石Ore microscope 矿石显微镜Monoclinal flexure 单斜褶皱Montmorillonite 蒙特石、蒙脱土Moor 泥炭地Moraine 冰碛、冰堆石Mortar 水泥砂浆Mortar 研摩臼Moss 沼泽地Mountain building 造山运动Muck 黑泥Muck 土碴、碴Mud 淤泥Mud flat 泥滩Mud flow 泥流Mudstone 泥岩Mud water 泥水Multibench blasting 多阶开炸作者: 218.12.151.* 2006-5-20 13:25 回复此发言--------------------------------------------------------------------------------7 土木工程专业词汇Multi-purpoe dam 多目标水坝Muskeg 沼泽地Mylonite 摩烂岩Nappe 水舌Natural frequency 自然频率Natural moisture content 自然含水量Natural water cotent 自然含水量Natural water cotent 自然含水量Negative porewater pressure 负孔隙水压力Negative skin friction 负周面摩擦力、负表面摩擦力Neutral pressure 中和压力Neutral stress 中和应力Neutron moisture meter 中性子水分仪New Austrian tunnelling method (NATM) 新奥隧道法Mesozoic era 中生代Metamorphic rock 变质岩Metamorphism 变质作用Meteoric water 天水Meteorite 陨石Mica 云母Micaceous schist 云母片岩Microline 微斜长石Microfossil 微细化石Microscopic analysis 显微镜分析Microseism 微震动Milli-second blasting 毫秒开炸Mineral 矿物Mining subsidence 采矿坍陷Minor principal stress 最小主应力Mixed-in-place pile 场拌桩Model test 模型试验Modified seismic coefficient method 改良震度法Modulus of elasticity 弹性模数Modulus of rigidity 剪力模数Modulus of subgrade reaction 地盘反力系数Mogote 石灰岩残丘Mohr's circle 摩尔圆Mohr's envelope 摩尔包络线Mohs hardness 莫氏硬度Moisture content 含水量Molasse 磨砾层Mole 隧道钻凿机、全径隧道机Moment of inertia 惯性力矩Monkey 落鎚、落锤cap 桩帽,雷管(俗)Ma 一百万年Macadam method 马克当法Macadam roller 三轮辗压机、三轮压路机Mafic rock 镁铁质岩石Magma 岩浆Magnetic declination 磁偏角Magnetic exploration 磁力测探法Major principal stress 最大主应力Mandrel 导心杆Manning's fomula 曼宁公式Manometer 液体测压计Mantle 地函Marble 大理石Marine deposit 海积层Marker bed 指标层Marl 泥灰岩Marsh 沼泽地Marshall test 马歇尔试验Mass curve 土积曲线Mass movement 块体运动Mat foundation 筏式基础Maximum dry density 最大乾密度Maximum grain size 最大粒径Mechanical analysis 粒径分析Mechanical stabilization 粒径稳定法Mechanics of granular materials 粒状体力学Median tectonic line (MTL) 中央构造线Medium sand 中砂Mesh 筛眼carboniferous period, C 石炭纪carbonizationperiod, C 石炭纪carbonatite 碳酸盐岩carbonation 碳酸化carbonate 碳酸盐carbonaceous sediment 碳质沉积carbonaceous 碳的,碳质的,含碳的carbon-14, 囊式压力计capsule-type pressure gauge 囊式压力计caprock 冠岩capped yield model 加盖降服模式capillary zone 毛细管水层capillary water 毛细管水capillary tention 毛细管张力capillary saturation 毛细管饱和capillary rise, hc(height0 毛细管扬距capillary rise, hc9height0 毛细管扬距capillary pressure 毛细管压力capillary potential 毛细管势能capillary migration 毛细管水移动capillary life test 毛细管上升孔试验capillary interstice 毛细管孔隙capillary fringe 毛细管边缘capillary film 吸附水膜capillary action 毛细管作用capillarity 毛细管现象,毛系作用capillarimeter 毛细管仪capblock 桩帽capacity of well 井容量cap model 加盖模式catchment area (basin) 集水面积(区)catchdrain 截水沟catch basin 集水区catalyzer 催化剂cataclastic 压碎作用cataclasite 压碎岩cat and cancast-in-situ pile(cast-in-place pile) 场铸桩作者: 218.12.151.* 2006-5-20 13:25 回复此发言--------------------------------------------------------------------------------8 土木工程专业词汇cast-in-place doaphragm wall 场铸连续壁casagrande's soil classification 卡萨格兰德土壤分类法casagrande liquid limit apparatus 卡萨格兰德液限仪casagrande dot 卡萨格兰德孔隙压力测头casing shoe 套管靴casing head gas 套管头气体casing head 套管头casing collar 套管吊环casing 套管casing 套管cased pile 套管桩cased borehole 套管钻孔case study 个案研究case history 个案case hardening 表面硬化carry-over storage 调节水库carlson type strain meter 卡尔森氏应力计carlson stress meter 卡尔森应力计cardhouse fabric 片架组构cardboard drain 纸板排水card-board wick 排水纸板carbonization 碳化cenozoic era 新生代cementing agent 胶结剂cemented soil 胶结土cementaction 胶结作用cement-treated-soil grout 水泥土灌浆cement-stabilized soil 水泥稳定土cement stabilization 水泥稳定工法cement soil stabilization 水泥土壤稳定工法cement mortar 水泥砂浆cement injection 水泥注入工法cement grouting 水泥灌浆cellulosic fibers 纤维素纤维cellular texture 网格组织cellular retaining wall 格式挡土墙cellular core wall 舱式心墙cellular cofferdam 舱式围堰cell test 密室试验cell quay wall 舱室岸壁cell pressure 室压cell action factor 合作用因素CBR value 加州载重比值(美国)cavity expansion theory 扩孔理论cavity 洞穴caving 坍陷落盘cavern 洞穴cave-in 坍陷,落盘cave deposit 洞穴沉积causatic lime mud 灰质软泥cation 阳离子catcodic protection 阳极保护chasm 裂口chaser 送桩器charge density 电荷密度charge deficiency 电荷不足charge 装药,电荷,充电channery 碎石chance sample 随机样本chamber blasting (coyotehole blasting) 抗室爆破chalky clay 白垩黏土chalk marl 白垩泥灰岩chalk 白垩chaingage 链式水尺ceramics 陶磁ceramic filter 陶瓷滤器centroid 重心,形心centrifuge test 离心试验centrifuge moisture equivalent (CHE) 离心含水当量centrifuge modeling 离心机模拟centrifuge 离心机centrifugally-cast concrete driven pile 离心浇铸混凝土灌入桩centrifugal prestressed concrete pile 离心预力混凝土桩centrifugal model test 离心模型试验centrifugal force 离心力centrifugal concrete pile 离心混凝土桩centrifugal autoclaved concrete pile 离心蒸气压混凝土桩centric load 中心载重central earthquake 中心震centerline method 中线法centering 对中center line 中心线chlorite 绿泥石chisel bit 钻头chisel 凿chip 石片china-clay 瓷土chimney drain 烟囱式排水,竖向截水体chert 燧石chert 角岩chernozem soil 黑钙土chernozem 黑钙土chemise 土堤岸护墙,土堤岸护面chemical weathering 化学风化chemical waste disposal 化学废料处理chemical stabilization 化学稳定chemical stability 化学稳定性chemical sedimentary rock 化学沉积岩chemical reagents 化学试剂chemical precipitation 化学沉淀chemical property (of rock) 岩石化学性chemical interaction 化学交互作用chemical injection process 化学注液法chemical grouting 药液灌浆chemical deposit 化学沉积chemical decomposition 化学分解chemical churning pile 化学搅拌桩chemical bonding 化学胶合chemical board drain 化学板排水chemical additive 化学添加剂chellean age 旧石器时代(舍利时代) chat 燧石砾岩clay chunks 黏土块clay blanket 黏土覆盖clay binder 黏结科clay 黏土clastic deposit 碎屑沉积clastic 碎屑的clast 碎屑classification test 分类试验classification 分类class of hardness 硬度分类clasolite 碎屑岩civil engineers 土木工程师civil engineering 土木工程circlar soil cutter 切土环刀circlar slip surface 圆弧滑动面circlar sliding surface 圆弧滑动面circlar frequency 圆频率circlar foundation 圆弧基础circlar failure analysis 圆弧破坏分析circlar cofferdam 圆形围堰circlar are analysis 圆弧分析法circle of stress 应力圆1土木工程专业词汇Shaft friction 桩身摩擦力Shaker 摇筛机SHAKE computer program SHAKE程式blocking 塞板block-diagram 立体地质剖面图block stone 块石block shear sample 块样剪力试验(现地试验) block sample 块状试样block foundation 块状基础block failure 块状破坏block anchorage 块状锚定blinding material 填塞材料blinding concrete 混凝土护层blinding 铺路石砂blind subdrain 盲沟blende drainage 盲沟排水blende drain 盲沟blende catch basin 盲接井blende soil 混染土bleeder well 释压井blasting 开炸blastability coefficient 开炸系数blastability 可炸性blast furnace slags 炉渣blast densification 爆破振密blast 开炸,爆风blanket grouting 覆盖灌浆blanket course 覆盖层blanket 覆盖blaine fineness 布莱恩细度black earth 黑土black cotton soil 黑棉土bituminous seal 沥青封层Seismorgraph 地震仪bond clay 胶结黏土Semi-conductor radiation 半导体放射线检定器bond 胶结,键,结合,粘结Semi-infinite solid 半无限体Sensitive clay 灵敏黏土bolting 螺固bolt 螺栓Sensitivity 灵敏度boiling 砂涌Sensitivity ratio 灵敏度boglime(see Freshwater marl) 沼泽淤泥Sequence of strata 地层层次bog peat 沼泽泥炭bog much 泥炭bog 沼泽地b 体波bady wave 体波bady stress 彻体应力bady measurement method 实体测定法bady force 彻体力blue print 蓝图blown per-min 每分钟打击数blown tip pile 爆端桩blown sand 风成砂blow-up 鼓起(路工)blow-in 涌入blow count of SPT 标准贯入击数blow count 打击数blocky structure 块状构造bore hole seismic loggine 钻孔震测柱状图Sedimentation analysis 沈淀分析bore hole 钻孔Seepage 渗流bore core 岩心Seepage face 渗流面Seepage failure 渗流破坏bore casing 套管Seepage force 渗流力Seepage line 渗流线Seepage pressure 渗流压力Seepage velocity 渗流速度bore 钻凿Seepage water 渗流水Seeping water 渗流水border stone 镶边石Segment 环片、环节border pile 边桩bookhouse fabric 书堆构造Segregation 离析book clay 带状黏土Seif 砂丘Seismic coefficient 地震系数bonding force 键力,结合力Seismic exploration 震动测探法bonding agent 粘结剂Seismic intensity scale 震度等级bonding 胶合Seismic velocity 震波速度bond strength 胶结强度,粘结强度borehole specimen 钻孔土样borehole shear apparatus 钻孔剪切仪borehole scanner 钻孔扫描器borehole sample 钻孔土样borehole record 钻孔纪录borehole pressure recovery test 钻孔压力恢复试验borehole periscope 钻孔潜望镜borehole log 钻孔柱状图borehole jack 钻孔千斤顶borehole gravimeter 钻孔重力仪borehole extensometer 钻孔伸张仪borehole cleaning 清孔borehole TV 钻孔电视borehole 钻孔borehole caliper 钻孔规borehole direct shear device 钻孔直剪仪borehole camera 钻孔照相机Secondary grout 二次灌浆Secondary lining 二次衬砌bored pile 钻掘桩bored cast-in-place pile 钻孔场柱桩bore-hole seismic logging 钻孔震测柱状图Secondary structure 二次构造Section modulus 断面系数bore rod 钻杆Sedentary soil 残积土Sediment 沉积物bore plug 钻孔取样点位图Sedimentary rock 沉积岩土木工程专业词汇 bore log 钻孔柱状图Sandy soil 砂质土壤Saprolite 腐泥岩、腐泥土Saturated unit weight 饱和单位重Saturation 饱和Saturation curve 饱和曲线Saturation line 饱和线Scale 比例尺Scale effect 规模效应Scaly structure 鳞状构造Scarp 崖Schist 片岩Schistosity 片理Schmidt hammer 史氏锤Schmidt net 史氏网Scoria 火山岩滓Scour 冲刷Scraper 刮运机Scree 崖锥石屑Screen 筛Screening plant 筛场Screw auger 螺旋钻Screw pile 螺旋管SEAGS 东南亚大地工程学会Sealing coat 止水层Seam 缝层Seasonal movement 季节性移动Secant modulus 正割模数Secondary compression 次压缩Secondary consolidation 次压密borehole stress gage 孔内应力计Runoff 迳流Runway 跑道Rupture envelope 破坏包络线Rupture line 破坏线Rutting 车辙R-value 抵抗值RSafe load 安全载重Safety factor 安全系数Sag 下垂Salina 盐湖Salinity 盐度Sample 取样Sample 取样器Sampling 取样Sampling disturbance 取样扰动Sampling tube 取样管Sand 砂土、砂Sand bar 砂洲Sand bitumen 砂沥青Sand bitumen 砂沥青Sand bitumen 砂沥青Sand drain 排水砂桩Sand dune 砂丘Sand fraction 砂分量Sand mat 砂垫Sand pile 砂桩Sandstone 砂岩Sandy clay 砂质黏土Sandy clay loam 砂质黏质壤土Sandy loam 砂质壤土Rock drilling 岩层钻孔Rock facies 岩相Rock fall 落盘、落石Rock fill dam 堆石坝Rock flour 岩末Rock mass 岩体Rock mass rating (RMR) 岩体分级法Rock mechanics 岩石力学Rock pressure 岩石压力Rock quality designation 岩石品质指标Rock salt 盐岩Rock slide 岩石滑动Rock test 岩石试验Rock waste 岩屑Rod 钢杆Rolled earth dam 辗压土坝Rolled fill 辗压填土Roller 辗压机、压路机Roof 顶盘、天盘Root hole 根穴Rotary boring 旋转式钻孔Rotary drilling 旋转式钻孔Rotary percussion boring 旋转冲击式钻孔Rotational slip 旋转滑动Roughness 粗糙度Roughness ratio 粗度比Roundness 圆度比Rubber-tired roller 胶轮辗压机Rubber-tired roller 胶轮辗Rubble 粗石、碎石 Retardation延迟现象Retrogressive slide 後退滑动Reverse circulation bored pile 反循环法钻掘桩Reverse fault 逆断层Reynold's number 雷诺数Revetment 护岸Rheology 质流学Rhyolite 流纹岩Rift 裂向Rift valley 裂谷、地堑Rigid foundation 刚性基础Rigid pavement 刚性路面Rigid wall 刚性墙Rigidity modulus 刚性模数Rill erosion 细流冲蚀Ring shear apparatus 环式剪力仪Riprap 抛石Riser pipe 竖管River deposit 河积层River levee 堤岸River terrace 河成阶地Roadbed 路基Road embankment 路堤Road foundation 路基Robot 机器人Rock 岩石Rock anchor 岩锚Rock bolt 岩栓Rock burst 岩爆Rock core 岩心Relative humidity 相对湿度Relative rigidity 相对刚性Relict soil 遣土Relief well 释压井Remolded soil 重塑土壤Remolding (Remoulding) 重塑、重模Remolding gain 重塑强化量Remolding loss 重塑弱化量Remote sencing 遥感、遥测Rendulic's stress path 连瑞克应力路径Repeated loading 反覆载重、重复载重Replacement method 换土法Reservoir 水库、储油层Residual clay soil 残留黏土Residual deformation 残留变形土木工程专业词汇 Residual factor 残留强度因数Residual shear strength 残留剪力强度Residual soil 残留土、残积土Residual settlement 残馀沈陷量Residual stress 残馀应力Resistance 阻抗、电阻Resisting moment 阻抗力矩、底抗力矩Resistivity survey 电阻测探法Resonance 共振Resonant-column test 共振柱试验Response control structure 免震构造Response spectrum 反应谱Restoring force 回复力Resultant seismic coefficient 合成地震系数Retaining wall 挡土墙Rate of loading 载重速度Rate of operation 运用率Rayleigh wave 瑞雷波Raymond pile 雷蒙桩Ready mixed concrete 预拌混凝土Reaming 扩孔Rebound curve 回胀曲线Recharge well 补注井Reclaimed land 新生地Recompact 再压实、再夯实Recompression 再压缩Reconnaissance 勘查Reconsolidation 再压密Recovery ratio 回收率Rectangle dividing method 长方形划分法Recumbent fold 卧褶皱Red clay 红黏土Red soil 红土Reduction factor 减低率Reflection method 反射法Refraction method 折射法Refusal 抗进 (打桩)Regional metamorphism 区域变质作用Regolith 风化层表土Regur 黑棉土Reinforced concrete 钢筋混凝土Reinforced concrete pile 钢筋混凝土桩Reinforced earth 加劲土Relative consistency 相对稠度Relative density 相对密度Quartz 石英Quartz-diorite 石英闪绿岩Quartz porphyry 石英斑岩Quartz-schist 石英片岩Quartzite 石英岩Quaternary deposit 第四纪层Quaternary period 第四纪Quay wall 岸墙Quick clay 流态黏土Quick condition 流态条件Quick explosives 高速炸药Quicksand 流砂。
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新浇混凝土,末凝混凝土fresh paint WESTBANK 新油漆fresh sewage WESTBANK 新污水fresh sludge WESTBANK 新污泥fresh water WESTBANK 淡水fresh wator tank WESTBANK 淡水箱,淡水池fret saw WESTBANK 回纹线锯,钢丝锯fretwork WESTBANK 凸花细工,浮形细工friableness WESTBANK 粉碎性friction WESTBANK 摩擦,摩擦力friction angle WESTBANK 摩擦角friction bail WESTBANK 钢珠friction band WESTBANK 闸带friction brake WESTBANK 摩阻制动器friction catch WESTBANK 弹簧门钦friction circle WESTBANK 摩擦圆friction circle analysis WESTBANK 摩擦圆分析法friction circle method WESTBANK 摩擦圆法friction clutch WESTBANK 摩擦契合子,摩阻传动器friction coefficient WESTBANK 摩擦系数friction curvature WESTBANK 曲率摩擦friction cut WESTBANK 摩擦切陷( 轨枕)friction disk WESTBANK 摩擦圆盘friction drum WESTBANK 摩擦鼓,摩擦筒friction factor WESTBANK 摩擦因子friction gear WESTBANK 面阻传动friction head WESTBANK 摩擦水头friction index WESTBANK 摩擦指数friction lag WESTBANK 摩擦迟滞friction less hinge WESTBANK 无阻铰链friction loss WESTBANK 摩擦损失,摩擦损耗friction of joint WESTBANK 节点摩擦friction pile WESTBANK 摩擦桩friction setup WESTBANK 摩擦形式friction slope WESTBANK 摩擦比降friction 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transfer WESTBANK 载重转移load transfer device WESTBANK 载重转移用具load uniformly distributed over span WESTBANK 跨度均布载重loading zone WESTBANK 载重区域loam WESTBANK 壤土,砂质黏土loam brick WESTBANK 泥砖loam casting WESTBANK 泥工作loamy loess WESTBANK 炉坍黄土loamy soil WESTBANK 炉拇土lobby WESTBANK 大厅,穿堂,前厅lobed dome WESTBANK 扁圆顶local acceleration WESTBANK 时变加速度local adjustment WESTBANK 局部调整local apparent time WESTBANK 地方视时local attraction WESTBANK 局部引力local buckling WESTBANK 局部侧溃,局部屈曲local center WESTBANK 地方中心local civil time WESTBANK 地方民用时local commercial center WESTBANK 地力商业中心local condition WESTBANK 地位条件、地力情况local deflection WESTBANK 地方偏差,肩部挠度local disturbance WESTBANK 地方滋扰local elongation WESTBANK 局部仲长local failure WESTBANK 局部性破坏local inflow WESTBANK 局部进水量local instability WESTBANK 局部不稳定local magnetic deviation WESTBANK 当地磁针偏差local material WESTBANK 地方材料local mean time WESTBANK 地方平时local shear failure WESTBANK 局部剪坏local sidereal time WESTBANK 地方桓星时local street WESTBANK 小街,地方街道local stress WESTBANK 局部应力local time 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WESTBANK 下游河段lower subbase WESTBANK 下基层lower tangent screw WESTBANK 下微动螺旋lower transit WESTBANK 下中天lower yield point WESTBANK 下屈伏点lowering of ground water level WESTBANK 地下水位降落lowest discharge WESTBANK 最小流量lowest ever known discharge WESTBANK 已知最小流量lowest low water (LLW) WESTBANK 最低水lowest low water level WESTBANK 最低低水位lowest water level WESTBANK 最低水位movable index WESTBANK 活动指标movable load WESTBANK 移动载重movable mounting WESTBANK 活动装置movable point crossing WESTBANK 移动车叉道movable rail WESTBANK 移动轨条movable screen WESTBANK 活动筛movable sleeve WESTBANK 活动套筒movable span WESTBANK 活动孔movable support WESTBANK 可动支承movable weir WESTBANK 活动堰moving axis WESTBANK 动轴moving blade turbine WESTBANK 转叶水涡轮moving fetch WESTBANK 移动风域moving form WESTBANK 活动模壳moving load WESTBANK 移动载重,活载重moving platform WESTBANK 活动搬运台moving staircase WESTBANK 活动楼梯moving stairway WESTBANK 活动楼梯moving target WESTBANK 活动规标moving vane WESTBANK 动叶mow WESTBANK 堆草房mower WESTBANK 割草机mowing machine WESTBANK 割草机moyle WESTBANK 鹤嘴锄,十字镉muck 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Vest 背心Cherry picker 移动升降台Netting 网Asbesto 石棉Lifejacket 救生衣Cut and cover tunnel 挖填方式修建的隧道Goggle 护目镜Ear plug 防护耳塞Signature suites 极品套房Riser shaft 上行竖井Mock up room 样板房vent pipe 通气管shaft wall 井壁last minute cold feeadvance payment 预付款deferred payment 延期付款uplift pile/anti-floating抗拔桩compressive pile抗压桩foundation pile 工程桩Triaxial SMW(soil mixing wall) 三轴搅拌水泥桩jet grouting pile rig 旋喷桩机punched cast-in-situ pile rig 冲孔灌注桩机pressing-density pouring plasma 压密注浆fenderpost, guardpost 围护桩强电工程strong current works空调、采暖及通风、排烟、加压送风工程air conditioning,heating,ventilation, 给排水工程plumping works/water supply and drainage works燃气工程gas works空调机组air conditioning unit高低压变配电柜HV&LV power distribution cabinet控制柜control cabinet水泵pump临时发电机emergency electricity generator水景设备waterscape equipment游泳池水处理设备卫生洁具sanitary ware建筑灯具architecture lamp and lantern后勤及停车库照明rear service and carport lighting机电管线预埋cast-in M&E pipe泛光照明floodlight格构柱lattice column抗震seismic resistanceCommissioning 试车As-built drawing 竣工图Final acceptanceHand over 移交Tread 梯级demarcation line[,di:mɑ:'keiʃən] 分界线comb [kəum] 蜂巢balustrade [,bæləs'treid] 栏杆cladding ['klædiŋ]包层;喷镀;电镀。
土木工程概论专业词汇1. 混凝土 (Concrete):一种由水泥、石料、沙子和水混合而成的材料,常用于建筑结构和公路工程。
2. 钢筋 (Rebar):一种用于增强混凝土强度的金属材料,常用于建筑结构的框架部分。
3. 施工 (Construction):指根据设计图纸和工程规范进行实际建设和安装工作的过程。
4. 地基 (Foundation):指建筑物或结构的底层,用于承受并分散上方荷载的地下部分。
5. 结构 (Structure):指建筑物或其他工程的整体框架,包括墙壁、柱子、屋顶等构件。
6. 桥梁 (Bridge):一种跨越水面、峡谷或其他地形隔阂的结构,通常用于交通运输。
7. 隧道 (Tunnel):一种地下通道,用于通行人员、车辆或管道等。
8. 水利工程 (Hydraulic Engineering):涉及河流、湖泊、海洋等水体的开发、利用和管理的工程领域。
9. 防护工程 (Protection Engineering):设计和建造用于保护建筑物、设备或人员免受自然灾害或其他危害的工程。
10. 环境工程 (Environmental Engineering):涉及保护和改善环境质量,包括水、空气和土壤的处理与管理。
11. 岩土工程 (Geotechnical Engineering):研究土壤和岩石的特性,以应对土体工程问题和地质灾害。
12. 施工管理 (Construction Management):通过规划、组织、指导和监督工程项目的实施过程,以实现项目目标。
13. 工程测量 (Engineering Survey):使用测量仪器和技术测量地理空间数据,为工程设计和施工提供准确的空间信息。
14. 施工安全 (Construction Safety):指在施工过程中采取安全措施,预防和减少事故和伤害的风险。
15. 工程标准 (Engineering Standards):指规定工程设计、施工和验收的技术规范,以确保工程质量和安全性。
土木工程专业术语
1. “基础”——哎呀,这就像盖房子得先有牢固的根基一样!比如建那高楼大厦,要是基础没打好,那不是开玩笑嘛,整个楼都可能摇摇欲坠呢!
2. “框架”——嘿,你想想,框架不就是房子的骨架嘛!就像人的骨骼支撑着身体,框架支撑着整个建筑物呢。
你看那些大型商场的框架,多结实啊!
3. “剪力墙”——哇塞,剪力墙可是很重要的呢!它就像是建筑物的坚强卫士,抵抗着各种外力。
要是没有它,房子遇到点风吹草动还不得散架呀!
4. “梁柱”——这梁柱啊,就如同人的脊梁骨一样重要呀!它们承载着那么多重量,像桥梁上的梁柱,要是不牢固,那后果不堪设想啊!
5. “楼板”——嘿,楼板就像是房子里的一个个小平台呀!我们在上面走来走去,它得稳稳当当的。
你想想,要是楼板不结实,走在上面嘎吱嘎吱响,多吓人!
6. “防水”——哎呀呀,防水可太关键啦!就好比给房子穿上了雨衣,不然雨水渗进来,那屋里不就遭殃啦!像卫生间不做好防水,那不得水漫金山呀!
7. “保温”——哇哦,保温就像是给房子裹上了一层温暖的大棉袄呀!冬天能保暖,夏天能隔热,多好呀!要是没有保温,那屋里的温度可难控制咯!
8. “沉降”——嘿,沉降可不是小事儿呢!就像地面突然凹下去一块,多别扭呀!要是建筑物沉降不均匀,那可危险啦!
9. “裂缝”——哎呀呀,裂缝多让人头疼呀!就像漂亮的脸蛋上有了一道疤。
要是建筑物有了裂缝,那可得赶紧处理,不然会越来越严重的!
10. “加固”——哇,加固就像是给生病的房子治病一样呢!让它重新变得强壮有力。
当房子出现问题时,加固可是非常重要的手段哟!
我觉得土木工程专业术语真的很神奇,它们每一个都像是建筑世界里的小精灵,各自发挥着重要的作用,让我们的建筑既安全又舒适。
1 土木工程专业词汇Shaft friction 桩身摩擦力Shaker 摇筛机SHAKE computer program SHAKE程式blocking 塞板block-diagram 立体地质剖面图block stone 块石block shear sample 块样剪力试验(现地试验) block sample 块状试样block foundation 块状基础block failure 块状破坏block anchorage 块状锚定blinding material 填塞材料blinding concrete 混凝土护层blinding 铺路石砂blind subdrain 盲沟blende drainage 盲沟排水blende drain 盲沟blende catch basin 盲接井blende soil 混染土bleeder well 释压井blasting 开炸blastability coefficient 开炸系数blastability 可炸性blast furnace slags 炉渣blast densification 爆破振密blast 开炸,爆风blanket grouting 覆盖灌浆blanket course 覆盖层blanket 覆盖blaine fineness 布莱恩细度black earth 黑土black cotton soil 黑棉土bituminous seal 沥青封层Seismorgraph 地震仪bond clay 胶结黏土Semi-conductor radiation 半导体放射线检定器bond 胶结,键,结合,粘结Semi-infinite solid 半无限体Sensitive clay 灵敏黏土bolting 螺固bolt 螺栓Sensitivity 灵敏度boiling 砂涌Sensitivity ratio 灵敏度boglime(see Freshwater marl) 沼泽淤泥Sequence of strata 地层层次bog peat 沼泽泥炭bog much 泥炭bog 沼泽地b 体波bady wave 体波bady stress 彻体应力bady measurement method 实体测定法bady force 彻体力blue print 蓝图blown per-min 每分钟打击数blown tip pile 爆端桩blown sand 风成砂blow-up 鼓起(路工)blow-in 涌入blow count of SPT 标准贯入击数blow count 打击数blocky structure 块状构造bore hole seismic loggine 钻孔震测柱状图Sedimentation analysis 沈淀分析bore hole 钻孔Seepage 渗流bore core 岩心Seepage face 渗流面Seepage failure 渗流破坏bore casing 套管Seepage force 渗流力Seepage line 渗流线Seepage pressure 渗流压力Seepage velocity 渗流速度bore 钻凿Seepage water 渗流水Seeping water 渗流水border stone 镶边石Segment 环片、环节border pile 边桩bookhouse fabric 书堆构造Segregation 离析book clay 带状黏土Seif 砂丘Seismic coefficient 地震系数bonding force 键力,结合力Seismic exploration 震动测探法bonding agent 粘结剂Seismic intensity scale 震度等级bonding 胶合Seismic velocity 震波速度bond strength 胶结强度,粘结强度borehole specimen 钻孔土样borehole shear apparatus 钻孔剪切仪borehole scanner 钻孔扫描器borehole sample 钻孔土样borehole record 钻孔纪录borehole pressure recovery test 钻孔压力恢复试验borehole periscope 钻孔潜望镜borehole log 钻孔柱状图borehole jack 钻孔千斤顶borehole gravimeter 钻孔重力仪borehole extensometer 钻孔伸张仪borehole cleaning 清孔borehole TV 钻孔电视borehole 钻孔borehole caliper 钻孔规borehole direct shear device 钻孔直剪仪borehole camera 钻孔照相机Secondary grout 二次灌浆Secondary lining 二次衬砌bored pile 钻掘桩bored cast-in-place pile 钻孔场柱桩bore-hole seismic logging 钻孔震测柱状图Secondary structure 二次构造Section modulus 断面系数bore rod 钻杆Sedentary soil 残积土Sediment 沉积物bore plug 钻孔取样点位图Sedimentary rock 沉积岩2 土木工程专业词汇bore log 钻孔柱状图Sandy soil 砂质土壤Saprolite 腐泥岩、腐泥土Saturated unit weight 饱和单位重Saturation 饱和Saturation curve 饱和曲线Saturation line 饱和线Scale 比例尺Scale effect 规模效应Scaly structure 鳞状构造Scarp 崖Schist 片岩Schistosity 片理Schmidt hammer 史氏锤Schmidt net 史氏网Scoria 火山岩滓Scour 冲刷Scraper 刮运机Scree 崖锥石屑Screen 筛Screening plant 筛场Screw auger 螺旋钻Screw pile 螺旋管SEAGS 东南亚大地工程学会Sealing coat 止水层Seam 缝层Seasonal movement 季节性移动Secant modulus 正割模数Secondary compression 次压缩Secondary consolidation 次压密borehole stress gage 孔内应力计Runoff 迳流Runway 跑道Rupture envelope 破坏包络线Rupture line 破坏线Rutting 车辙R-value 抵抗值RSafe load 安全载重Safety factor 安全系数Sag 下垂Salina 盐湖Salinity 盐度Sample 取样Sample 取样器Sampling 取样Sampling disturbance 取样扰动Sampling tube 取样管Sand 砂土、砂Sand bar 砂洲Sand bitumen 砂沥青Sand bitumen 砂沥青Sand bitumen 砂沥青Sand drain 排水砂桩Sand dune 砂丘Sand fraction 砂分量Sand mat 砂垫Sand pile 砂桩Sandstone 砂岩Sandy clay 砂质黏土Sandy clay loam 砂质黏质壤土Sandy loam 砂质壤土Rock drilling 岩层钻孔Rock facies 岩相Rock fall 落盘、落石Rock fill dam 堆石坝Rock flour 岩末Rock mass 岩体Rock mass rating (RMR) 岩体分级法Rock mechanics 岩石力学Rock pressure 岩石压力Rock quality designation 岩石品质指标Rock salt 盐岩Rock slide 岩石滑动Rock test 岩石试验Rock waste 岩屑Rod 钢杆Rolled earth dam 辗压土坝Rolled fill 辗压填土Roller 辗压机、压路机Roof 顶盘、天盘Root hole 根穴Rotary boring 旋转式钻孔Rotary drilling 旋转式钻孔Rotary percussion boring 旋转冲击式钻孔Rotational slip 旋转滑动Roughness 粗糙度Roughness ratio 粗度比Roundness 圆度比Rubber-tired roller 胶轮辗压机Rubber-tired roller 胶轮辗Rubble 粗石、碎石 Retardation延迟现象Retrogressive slide 後退滑动Reverse circulation bored pile 反循环法钻掘桩Reverse fault 逆断层Reynold's number 雷诺数Revetment 护岸Rheology 质流学Rhyolite 流纹岩Rift 裂向Rift valley 裂谷、地堑Rigid foundation 刚性基础Rigid pavement 刚性路面Rigid wall 刚性墙Rigidity modulus 刚性模数Rill erosion 细流冲蚀Ring shear apparatus 环式剪力仪Riprap 抛石Riser pipe 竖管River deposit 河积层River levee 堤岸River terrace 河成阶地Roadbed 路基Road embankment 路堤Road foundation 路基Robot 机器人Rock 岩石Rock anchor 岩锚Rock bolt 岩栓Rock burst 岩爆Rock core 岩心Relative humidity 相对湿度Relative rigidity 相对刚性Relict soil 遣土Relief well 释压井Remolded soil 重塑土壤Remolding (Remoulding) 重塑、重模Remolding gain 重塑强化量Remolding loss 重塑弱化量Remote sencing 遥感、遥测Rendulic's stress path 连瑞克应力路径Repeated loading 反覆载重、重复载重Replacement method 换土法Reservoir 水库、储油层Residual clay soil 残留黏土Residual deformation 残留变形3 土木工程专业词汇Residual factor 残留强度因数Residual shear strength 残留剪力强度Residual soil 残留土、残积土Residual settlement 残馀沈陷量Residual stress 残馀应力Resistance 阻抗、电阻Resisting moment 阻抗力矩、底抗力矩Resistivity survey 电阻测探法Resonance 共振Resonant-column test 共振柱试验Response control structure 免震构造Response spectrum 反应谱Restoring force 回复力Resultant seismic coefficient 合成地震系数Retaining wall 挡土墙Rate of loading 载重速度Rate of operation 运用率Rayleigh wave 瑞雷波Raymond pile 雷蒙桩Ready mixed concrete 预拌混凝土Reaming 扩孔Rebound curve 回胀曲线Recharge well 补注井Reclaimed land 新生地Recompact 再压实、再夯实Recompression 再压缩Reconnaissance 勘查Reconsolidation 再压密Recovery ratio 回收率Rectangle dividing method 长方形划分法Recumbent fold 卧褶皱Red clay 红黏土Red soil 红土Reduction factor 减低率Reflection method 反射法Refraction method 折射法Refusal 抗进(打桩)Regional metamorphism 区域变质作用Regolith 风化层表土Regur 黑棉土Reinforced concrete 钢筋混凝土Reinforced concrete pile 钢筋混凝土桩Reinforced earth 加劲土Relative consistency 相对稠度Relative density 相对密度Quartz 石英Quartz-diorite 石英闪绿岩Quartz porphyry 石英斑岩Quartz-schist 石英片岩Quartzite 石英岩Quaternary deposit 第四纪层Quaternary period 第四纪Quay wall 岸墙Quick clay 流态黏土Quick condition 流态条件Quick explosives 高速炸药Quicksand 流砂Quick shear test 快剪试验Q-value Q值Radial flow 辐射流Radial shear 辐射状剪力Radial shear zone 辐射状剪力区Radioactive exploration (prospecting) 放射性检测探法Radioactive exploration 放射性检测探法Radioactive logging 放射性检层法Radius of influence 影响半径Radius of relative stiffness 刚比半径Raft foundation 筏式基础Raker pile 斜桩Rammer 击紧机、夯土机Ramp 坡道、匝道Rankine's earth pressure theory 兰金土压力理论Rankine's earth pressure 兰金土压力理论Rapid filtration 迅速过滤Rapid transit tunnel 捷运隧道boundary condition 边界条件bound water 附著水boulder clay 巨石黏土boulder blasting 巨石开炸boulder 巨石bottom pressure 底压力(隧道)boston heave 底部隆起boston charge 底部装药,底冲法boston blue clay 波士顿蓝黏土borrow pit 借土坑borrow material 借土料borrow exploration 借土勘探borrow exploration 借土堪探borrow area 借土区borrow 借土borros point 波罗杆(沉降观测)boring-core 钻孔岩心boring rod 钻杆boring rig 钻机boring maching 钻机boring log 钻孔柱状图boring frame 钻架boring casing 钻探套管boring bit 钻头boring 钻探,钻孔borescope 钻孔检示器borer 钻孔,钻机,钻头borehole (boring) 钻孔borehole surveying 钻孔测量Quarry 采石场、石矿brine 卤水briefly farozen soil 暂冻土brief analysis 简易分析bridge 桥breccia 角砾石breast wall 胸墙breakwater 防波堤breaking strain 断裂应变breakdown pressure 破碎压力break stone 碎石brazilian test 巴西式试验braided stream 辫状河川brackish water 微碱水4 土木工程专业词汇brackishdeposit 半碱沉积bracing 支撑braceing 支撑版braced sheeting 支撑版braced excavation 支撑开挖brace(bracing) 撑杆box shear apparatus (see direct shear apparatus) 盒式剪力仪(直接剪力仪之一种)box pile 箱型桩box foundation 箱型基础box caisson 沉箱bowl-shape settlement 碗型沉陷bowl scraper 刮土机boussinesq theory 布西涅斯克理论bourdon gauge 布登压力计boundary zone of capillarity 毛细管界限区boundary layer 边界层boundary layer 边界层bulk density 统体密度bulk compressibility 体积压缩性bulb pile 大头桩bulb of bressure 葱形等压力球building site 工地building rubble 建筑垃圾building material 建筑材料building line 建筑线building code (by-laws0 建筑法规buffer 缓冲器buckling 挫屈buckling load 压曲载重bucking 地壳弯曲bucket auger 戽斗钻bubbler unit 发泡器brucite 水镁石brownian movement 布朗运动brooming 劈裂bromine-82,Br 溴-82bromhead ring shear 环剪broken stone 碎石broken sliding surface 不连续滑动面broken course 断裂层broadly graded soils 宽级配土brittleness index 脆性指数brittleness 脆性brittle failure 脆性破坏brittle clay 脆性黏土brine storage 卤水存储brine pond 卤水池byte 位元组by-pass seepage 绕渗buttress wall 前垛墙butte 孤山butt 桩头burst tearing test 胀破试验burst strength 胀破强度burn-cut 核裂拔心开炸buried terrace 埋藏阶地buried structure 埋入式结构物burger's body 柏格体burger model 柏格模式burette 滴定管bureau public road classification system 美国公路局土壤分类法(BPRCS) burden 炸孔面距buoyat unit weight (see suberged unit weight) 浸水单位重buoyat pile 浮力桩buoyat foundation 浮式基础buoyat density,ρ浸水密度buoyancy raft 浮式基础buoyancy 浮力bunson burner 本身燃烧机bulldozer 堆土机bulking 胀bulkhead wall 隔墙,岸壁,档墙bulkhead 隔墙,堤岸,防水壁bulk unit weight 统体单位重bulk specific gravity 统体比重,假比重bulk rockfill 抛石体bulk modulus 统体模数calyx drill holes 萼状钻孔calyx drill 萼状钻caliper log 测径记录california bearing ratio (CBR) 加州载重比(美国)caliche 生硝,钙质土calibration test 校正试验calibration curve 校正曲线calibration 校正caldera 巨火山口calculous soil 砾质土calculate self-weight collapse, Δzs 计算自重坍陷量calcite 方解石calcilutie(calcilutyte) 灰泥岩calcify 钙化calcareous spar 方解石calcareous soil 石灰质土calcareous ooze 钙质软泥calcareous concretion 钙质结核calcareous 石灰质的calc spar 方解石caisson 沉箱caission foundation 沉箱基础caission disease 沉箱病,潜水夫病caission 沉箱cainozoic era 新生代cage of reinforcement 钢筋笼cable tool drilling 冲钻cable tool drill(see churn drill) 冲钻c-line C线(塑性图)c-horizon C层位Propylite 青盘岩Protective filter 保护滤层Proving ring 衡圈、计力圈Puddle clay 胶泥黏土Pulling test 抗拔试验Pull-out resistance 抗拔力Pull-out test 抗拔试验Pulvimixer 粉碎拌和机Pumice 浮石、蛭石Pumping phenomera 喷泥现象Pumping test 抽水试验、唧筒试验5 土木工程专业词汇P-wave 纵波、P波Pycnometer 比重瓶Pyrite 黄铁矿、硫化铁Pyrophyllite 叶蜡岩Pyroclastic rock 火成碎屑岩Pyrophyllite 叶辉石Pyroxene 辉石vise 老虎钳cantilever sheet piling 悬臂版桩cantilever sheet pile wall 悬臂版桩墙cantilever sheet pile 悬臂版桩cantilever retaining wall 悬臂式挡土墙cantilever footing 悬臂式基脚canalization 渠化,槽化camkometer 剑桥侧压仪cambridge sampler 剑桥取样器cambridge model 剑桥模式cambrian period 寒武纪camber 预拱Preconsolidation 预压密Preconsolidation pressure 预压密压力grenade 手榴弹Preload (Preloading) 预压、预压法Prepakt mortar pile 预垒桩Prescrete 混凝土灌铸机Pressure bulb 压力球根Pressure cell 压力计Pressure chamber 压力室Pressuremeter test 压力计试验Pressure tunnel 压力隧道Pressure-void ratio curve 压力孔隙比曲线Prestress 预力Primary breaker 一级碎石机Primary compression 主压缩Primary consolidation 主压密Primary lining 初始衬砌Primary stress 初始应力Principal plane 主平面Principal strain 主应变Principal stress 主应力Probing 探测Proctor compaction test 普罗克特压实试验、普罗克特夯实试验Proctor curve 普罗克特曲线Profile 剖面Progressive failure 渐进破坏Progressive settlement 渐增沈陷Progressive slide 渐进滑动Proof-rolling 辗压试验Prop 临时支柱Point load 点载重Poiseulle's law 普怡锡里定律Poisson's ratio 柏松比Polder 围生地Poling board 挡土板、插板Polygonal ground 多角形地Poncelet method 彭思烈图解法Poorly ground 软弱地盘Poorly graded 不良级配的Porcelain clay 瓷土Pore pressure 孔隙压力Pore pressure coefficient 孔隙压力系数Pore pressure dissipation 孔隙压力消散现象Pore water 孔隙水Pore water pressure 孔隙水压力Porosity 孔隙率Porous stone 透水石、多孔石Porphyrite 玢岩Porphyry 斑岩Post-hole auger 螺旋手钻Potential energy 势能、位能Pot-hole 壶穴(地质)Pot-hole 洼穴(路面)Power shovel 动力铲torch 火把,手电筒,泉源Pozzolan 火山灰Preboring 预先钻探Precambrian period 先寒武纪Precast concrete pile 预铸混凝土桩Precompression 预压Pingo 小丘Pipe line 管线Piping 管涌Pit sample 土坑土样、土坑试样Pit gravel 坑砾石Placement moisture content 填土含水量Plagioclase 斜长石Plane stress 平面应力Plane structure 平面构造Planimeter 面积仪Plastic design 塑性设计Plastic equilibrium 塑性平衡Plastic equilibrium theory 塑性平衡理论Plastic flow 塑性流Plasticity 塑性Plasticity chart 塑性图Plasticity index 塑性指数Plastic limit 塑性限度Plastic range 塑性范围Plastic strain 塑性应变Plastic zone 塑性区Plate loading test (Plate bearing test) 平板载重试验Plate tectonics 板块构造Plumbline 锤线Plunge 俯角Plutonic rock 深成岩Pneumatic caisson 压气沈箱Pneumatic-tired roller 胶轮辗压机Point bearing 桩底抗力Petroleum 石油Petrology 岩石学PF-value 吸力值PH-value 酸碱值Phenocryst 斑晶Photoelastic model test 光弹性模型试验Phreatic line 浸润线Phreatic surface 浸润面Phyllite 千枚岩Physical weathering 物理风化6 土木工程专业词汇Piano wire 预力钢线Pier foundation 墩基础Piezometer 水压计Piezometric head 压力水头Pile 桩Pile cap 桩帽Pile driving 打桩Pile driving analyser 打桩动力分析仪Pile driving formula 打桩公式Pile driving frame 打桩架Pile driving resistance 打桩阻抗Pile foundation 桩基础Pile group 群桩Pile hammer 桩锤、桩鎚Pile loading test 桩载重试验Piling rig 打桩机Pillar 矿柱Pillow lava 枕状熔岩Pilot drift 导坑Pilot tunnel 导坑Passive earth pressure 被动土压力Path of percolation 渗漏流径Pavement 路面、铺面Pea gravel 豆砾Peak value 尖峰值Peat 泥炭土Peat bog 泥炭地Pebble 圆砾Pedestal pile 百力达桩、蒜头桩Pegmatite 伟晶岩Pelagic deposit 深海堆积物Pelite mudstone 泥岩Peneplain 准平原Penetration record 贯入纪录Penetration test 贯入试验Penetrometer 贯入仪Percentage by weight 重量百分比Percent of consolidation 压密百分比Perched water table 栖止地下水位Percolation 渗流、渗漏Percussion boring 冲击式钻孔Peridotite 橄榄岩Period 纪Permafrost 永冻土Permeability 渗透性Permeability test 渗透试验、透水试验Permeameter 渗透试验仪Permian period 二叠纪Perviousness 渗透性Organic soil 有机土O-ring seal 止水环Orogeny 造山运动Orthoclase 正长石Orthogneiss 正片麻岩Osterberg's chart 欧使堡图表Outbreak 超挖、超炸Outcrop 岩层露头、露头Outside clearance ratio 外径比Outwast plain 冰水积土Oven-dried 烘乾Overbarden 覆土层Overbarden pressure 覆土压力Overcompaction 过度压实、过度夯实Over-consolidated 过压密的Over-consolidated ratio 过压密比Overhead 管理费Overturning moment 倾倒力矩Owner 业主Oxbow lake 新月湖、牛轭湖Ozone 臭氧Packing 填料、衬垫(打桩用) paleozoic era 古生代Pantograph 缩收器Panning 盘洗Parent rock 母岩Partial saturation 部份饱和Particle size 粒径Particle size distribution curve 粒径分布曲线Parting 裂理Newtonian fluid 牛顿流体Nodule 岩球Noise pollution 公害噪音Non-cohesive soil 非凝聚性土壤Nonconformity 非整合Non-destructive test 非破坏试验Non-uniform flow 非等流Normal fault 正断层Normal stress 正应力、垂直应力Normally consolidated clay 正常压密黏土Nuclear power plant 核能发电厂Null indicator 归零指示器Numerical calculation 数值分析法N-value N值、标准贯入击数Observation well 观测井Obsidian 黑耀岩Octahedral normal stress 正八面体正应力Oedometer test 压密试验Olivin 橄榄石Omori's formula 大森公式One-dimensional consolidation 单向度压实Ooze 软泥Open tender (bid) 公开招标Open caisson 开口沈箱Open cut 明挖法Open pit mining 明坑采矿法Optimum moisture content 最佳含水量Ordovician period 奥陶纪Ore 矿石Ore microscope 矿石显微镜Monoclinal flexure 单斜褶皱Montmorillonite 蒙特石、蒙脱土Moor 泥炭地Moraine 冰碛、冰堆石Mortar 水泥砂浆Mortar 研摩臼Moss 沼泽地Mountain building 造山运动Muck 黑泥Muck 土碴、碴Mud 淤泥Mud flat 泥滩Mud flow 泥流Mudstone 泥岩Mud water 泥水Multibench blasting 多阶开炸7 土木工程专业词汇Multi-purpoe dam 多目标水坝Muskeg 沼泽地Mylonite 摩烂岩Nappe 水舌Natural frequency 自然频率Natural moisture content 自然含水量Natural water cotent 自然含水量Natural water cotent 自然含水量Negative porewater pressure 负孔隙水压力Negative skin friction 负周面摩擦力、负表面摩擦力Neutral pressure 中和压力Neutral stress 中和应力Neutron moisture meter 中性子水分仪New Austrian tunnelling method (NATM) 新奥隧道法Mesozoic era 中生代Metamorphic rock 变质岩Metamorphism 变质作用Meteoric water 天水Meteorite 陨石Mica 云母Micaceous schist 云母片岩Microline 微斜长石Microfossil 微细化石Microscopic analysis 显微镜分析Microseism 微震动Milli-second blasting 毫秒开炸Mineral 矿物Mining subsidence 采矿坍陷Minor principal stress 最小主应力Mixed-in-place pile 场拌桩Model test 模型试验Modified seismic coefficient method 改良震度法Modulus of elasticity 弹性模数Modulus of rigidity 剪力模数Modulus of subgrade reaction 地盘反力系数Mogote 石灰岩残丘Mohr's circle 摩尔圆Mohr's envelope 摩尔包络线Mohs hardness 莫氏硬度Moisture content 含水量Molasse 磨砾层Mole 隧道钻凿机、全径隧道机Moment of inertia 惯性力矩Monkey 落鎚、落锤cap 桩帽,雷管(俗)Ma 一百万年Macadam method 马克当法Macadam roller 三轮辗压机、三轮压路机Mafic rock 镁铁质岩石Magma 岩浆Magnetic declination 磁偏角Magnetic exploration 磁力测探法Major principal stress 最大主应力Mandrel 导心杆Manning's fomula 曼宁公式Manometer 液体测压计Mantle 地函Marble 大理石Marine deposit 海积层Marker bed 指标层Marl 泥灰岩Marsh 沼泽地Marshall test 马歇尔试验Mass curve 土积曲线Mass movement 块体运动Mat foundation 筏式基础Maximum dry density 最大乾密度Maximum grain size 最大粒径Mechanical analysis 粒径分析Mechanical stabilization 粒径稳定法Mechanics of granular materials 粒状体力学Median tectonic line (MTL) 中央构造线Medium sand 中砂Mesh 筛眼carboniferous period, C 石炭纪carbonizationperiod, C 石炭纪carbonatite 碳酸盐岩carbonation 碳酸化carbonate 碳酸盐carbonaceous sediment 碳质沉积carbonaceous 碳的,碳质的,含碳的carbon-14, 囊式压力计capsule-type pressure gauge 囊式压力计caprock 冠岩capped yield model 加盖降服模式capillary zone 毛细管水层capillary water 毛细管水capillary tention 毛细管张力capillary saturation 毛细管饱和capillary rise, hc(height0 毛细管扬距capillary rise, hc9height0 毛细管扬距capillary pressure 毛细管压力capillary potential 毛细管势能capillary migration 毛细管水移动capillary life test 毛细管上升孔试验capillary interstice 毛细管孔隙capillary fringe 毛细管边缘capillary film 吸附水膜capillary action 毛细管作用capillarity 毛细管现象,毛系作用capillarimeter 毛细管仪capblock 桩帽capacity of well 井容量cap model 加盖模式catchment area (basin) 集水面积(区)catchdrain 截水沟catch basin 集水区catalyzer 催化剂cataclastic 压碎作用cataclasite 压碎岩cat and cancast-in-situ pile(cast-in-place pile) 场铸桩8 土木工程专业词汇cast-in-place doaphragm wall 场铸连续壁casagrande's soil classification 卡萨格兰德土壤分类法casagrande liquid limit apparatus 卡萨格兰德液限仪casagrande dot 卡萨格兰德孔隙压力测头casing shoe 套管靴casing head gas 套管头气体casing head 套管头casing collar 套管吊环casing 套管casing 套管cased pile 套管桩cased borehole 套管钻孔case study 个案研究case history 个案case hardening 表面硬化carry-over storage 调节水库carlson type strain meter 卡尔森氏应力计carlson stress meter 卡尔森应力计cardhouse fabric 片架组构cardboard drain 纸板排水card-board wick 排水纸板carbonization 碳化cenozoic era 新生代cementing agent 胶结剂cemented soil 胶结土cementaction 胶结作用cement-treated-soil grout 水泥土灌浆cement-stabilized soil 水泥稳定土cement stabilization 水泥稳定工法cement soil stabilization 水泥土壤稳定工法cement mortar 水泥砂浆cement injection 水泥注入工法cement grouting 水泥灌浆cellulosic fibers 纤维素纤维cellular texture 网格组织cellular retaining wall 格式挡土墙cellular core wall 舱式心墙cellular cofferdam 舱式围堰cell test 密室试验cell quay wall 舱室岸壁cell pressure 室压cell action factor 合作用因素CBR value 加州载重比值(美国)cavity expansion theory 扩孔理论cavity 洞穴caving 坍陷落盘cavern 洞穴cave-in 坍陷,落盘cave deposit 洞穴沉积causatic lime mud 灰质软泥cation 阳离子catcodic protection 阳极保护chasm 裂口chaser 送桩器charge density 电荷密度charge deficiency 电荷不足charge 装药,电荷,充电channery 碎石chance sample 随机样本chamber blasting (coyotehole blasting) 抗室爆破chalky clay 白垩黏土chalk marl 白垩泥灰岩chalk 白垩chaingage 链式水尺ceramics 陶磁ceramic filter 陶瓷滤器centroid 重心,形心centrifuge test 离心试验centrifuge moisture equivalent (CHE) 离心含水当量centrifuge modeling 离心机模拟centrifuge 离心机centrifugally-cast concrete driven pile 离心浇铸混凝土灌入桩centrifugal prestressed concrete pile 离心预力混凝土桩centrifugal model test 离心模型试验centrifugal force 离心力centrifugal concrete pile 离心混凝土桩centrifugal autoclaved concrete pile 离心蒸气压混凝土桩centric load 中心载重central earthquake 中心震centerline method 中线法centering 对中center line 中心线chlorite 绿泥石chisel bit 钻头chisel 凿chip 石片china-clay 瓷土chimney drain 烟囱式排水,竖向截水体chert 燧石chert 角岩chernozem soil 黑钙土chernozem 黑钙土chemise 土堤岸护墙,土堤岸护面chemical weathering 化学风化chemical waste disposal 化学废料处理chemical stabilization 化学稳定chemical stability 化学稳定性chemical sedimentary rock 化学沉积岩chemical reagents 化学试剂chemical precipitation 化学沉淀chemical property (of rock) 岩石化学性chemical interaction 化学交互作用chemical injection process 化学注液法chemical grouting 药液灌浆chemical deposit 化学沉积chemical decomposition 化学分解chemical churning pile 化学搅拌桩chemical bonding 化学胶合chemical board drain 化学板排水chemical additive 化学添加剂chellean age 旧石器时代(舍利时代) chat 燧石砾岩clay chunks 黏土块clay blanket 黏土覆盖clay binder 黏结科clay 黏土clastic deposit 碎屑沉积clastic 碎屑的clast 碎屑classification test 分类试验classification 分类class of hardness 硬度分类clasolite 碎屑岩civil engineers 土木工程师civil engineering 土木工程circlar soil cutter 切土环刀circlar slip surface 圆弧滑动面circlar sliding surface 圆弧滑动面circlar frequency 圆频率circlar foundation 圆弧基础circlar failure analysis 圆弧破坏分析circlar cofferdam 圆形围堰circlar are analysis 圆弧分析法circle of stress 应力圆。
英文土木工程专业词汇1. 工程结构building and civil engineering structures房屋建筑和土木工程的建筑物、构筑物及其相关组成部分的总称。
2. 工程结构设计design of building and civil engineering structures在工程结构的可靠与经济、适用与美观之间,选择一种最佳的合理的平衡,使所建造的结构能满足各种预定功能要求。
3. 房屋建筑工程building engineering一般称建筑工程,为新建、改建或扩建房屋建筑物和附属构筑物所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体。
4. 土木工程civil engineering除房屋建筑外,为新建、改建或扩建各类工程的建筑物、构筑物和相关配套设施等所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体。
5. 公路工程highway engineering为新建或改建各级公路和相关配套设施等而进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体。
6. 铁路工程railway engineering为新建或改建铁路和相关配套设施等所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体。
7. 港口与航道工程port ( harbour ) and waterway engineering为新建或改建港口与航道和相关配套设施等所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体。
8. 水利工程hydraulic engineering为修建治理水患、开发利用水资源的各项建筑物、构筑物和相关配设施等所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体。
9. 水利发电工程(水电工程)hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering以利用水能发电为主要任务的水利工程。
10. 建筑物(构筑物)construction works房屋建筑或土木工程中的单项工程实体。
11. 结构structure广义地指房屋建筑和土木工程的建筑物、构筑物及其相关组成部分的实体,狭义地指各种工程实体的承重骨架。
12. 基础foundation将建筑物、构筑物以及各种设施的上部结构所承受的各种作用和自重传递到地基的结构组成部分。
13. 地基foundation soil; subgrade; subbase; ground支承由基础传递或直接由上部结构传递的各种作用的土体或岩体。
未经加工处理的称为天然地基。
14. 木结构timber structure以木材为主制作的结构15. 砌体结构masonry structure以砌体为主制作的结构。
它包括砖结构、石结构和其它材料的砌块结构。
有无筋砌体结构和配筋砌体结构。
16. 钢结构steel structure以钢材为主制作的结构。
其中由带钢或钢板经冷加工形成的型材所制作的结构称冷弯薄壁型钢结构。
17. 混凝土(砼)结构concrete structure以混凝土为主制作的结构。
它包括素混凝土结构、钢筋混凝土结构和预应力混凝土结构等。
18. 特种工程结构special engineering structure指具有特种用途的建筑物、构筑物,如高耸结构,包括塔、烟囱、桅、海洋平台、容器、构架等各种结构。
19. 房屋建筑building在固定地点,为使用者或占用物提供庇护覆盖进行生活、生产或其它活动家的实体。
20. 工业建筑industrial building提供生产用的各种建筑物,如车间、厂前区建筑、生活间、动力站、库房和运输设施等。
21. 民用建筑civil building; civil architecture指非生产性的居住建筑和公共建筑,如住宅、办公楼、幼儿园、学校、食堂、影剧院、商店、体育馆、旅馆、医院、展览馆等。
22. 公路highway联结城市和乡村,主要供汽车或其它车辆行驶并具备一定技术标准和设施的道路。
23. 公路网highway network一定区域内相互连络、交织成网状分布的公路系统。
24. 高速公路freeway具有四条或四条以上车道,设有中央分隔带,并具有完善的交通安全设施、管理设施和服务设施,为全立交、全封闭,专供汽车高速行驶的公路。
25. 干线公路arterial highway在公路网中起骨干作用的公路,分国家干线(国道)、省干线(省道)。
26. 支线公路feeder highway在公路网中起连接作用的一般公路,即县(县道)和乡(乡道)等公路。
27. 铁路(铁道)railway; railroad用机车牵引运货或运旅客的车厢组成列车,在一定轨距的轨道上行驶的交通运输线路。
28. 标准轨距铁路standard gauge railway在直线地段,轨距为1435mm的铁路。
29. 宽轨距铁路broad gauge railway在直线地段,轨距大于1435mm的铁路。
30. 窄轨距铁路narrow gauge railway在直线地段,轨距小于1435mm的铁路。
31. 铁路枢纽railway terminal在铁路网点或网端,由几个协同作业的车站、引入线路和联络路线组成的综合体。
32. 铁路车站railway station设有各种用途的线路,并办理列车通过、到发、列车技术作业及客货运业务的分界点。
33. 港口port; harbour具有水陆联运条件和设施,供船舶安全进出和停泊以进行货物装卸作业或上下旅客以及军事用的交通运输枢纽。
34. 港口水工建筑物marine structure供港口正常生产作业的临水或水中建筑物。
35. 通航(过船)建筑物navigation structure; navigation construction在栏河闸、坝或急流卡口等所形成的水位集中落差处,为使船舶或排筏安全顺利地航驶而修建的水工建筑物。
36. 灯塔light house在海洋、江河和湖泊航线中,指引船舶安全行驶、识别方位并设有发光樗的塔形建筑物。
37. 水利water conservancy为控制或调整天然水在空间和时间上的分布,防治洪水和旱涝灾害,合理开发和利用水资源而进行的活动,如治河防洪,灌溉排水,水土保持,水力发电,内河航运与生活、工业、环境供水以及跨流域调水等。
38. 水利枢纽multipurpose hydraulic project; key water-control project; hydro-junction为治理水患和开发利用水资源,在各种水域的一定范围内修建的若干座作用不同而相互配合的水工建筑物组成的综合体。
39. 水库reservoir为治理河流和开发水资源,在狭谷或丘陵地带河流上建档水坝,利用天然地形构成的蓄水设施。
40. 水工建筑物hydraulic structure; marine structure; maritime construction为水利、水利发电、港口与航道等工程修建的承受水作用的各种建筑物总称。
41. 档水建筑物water retaining structure; retaining works栏截水流、调蓄流量、壅高水位的水工建筑物。
42. 进水(取水)建筑物intake structure人河流、湖泊、水库等引进水流、控制流量、阻拦泥沙及漂浮物的水工建筑物。
43. 泄水建筑物outlet structure; outlet works; sluice works在水利枢纽或输水系统中,宣泄水量的水工建筑物。
44. 输水建筑物conveyance structure向供水目标输送水量的水工建筑物。
45. 整治建筑物rcgulating structure; training structure rectification structure为整治河流、航道、具有调整河床边界、改变水流结构、影响泥沙运动、控制河床演变等作用的水工建筑物。
46. 水电站hydro-electric station; hydropower station由河河湖海的沙滩有变为电能的各种设备及配套构筑物组成的综合体。
47. 水泵站(抽水站、扬水站、提水站)pump station设置抽水装置及其辅助设备,将水送往高处的配套建筑物。
48. 过木建筑物(过木设施)raftpass facility log pass facility供输送竹、木材通过闸、坝等挡水建筑物的工程设施。
49. 过钿建筑物(过钽设施)fishpass facility供鱼类通过拦河闸坝等挡水建筑物的工程设施。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------to build, to construct 建设,建筑,修建architecture 建筑学building 修筑,建筑物house 房子skyscraper 摩天大楼block of flats 公寓楼(美作:apartment block) monument 纪念碑palace 宫殿temple 庙宇basilica 皇宫,教堂cathedral 大教堂church 教堂tower 塔,塔楼ten-storey office block 十层办公大楼column 柱colonnade 柱列arch 拱town planning 市政(美作:city planning)building permission 营建许可证,建筑开工许可证greenbelt 绿地elevation 建筑物的三面图plan 设计图scale 比例尺to prefabricate 预制excavation 挖土,掘土foundations 基to lay the foundations 打地基course of bricks 砌好的砖列scaffold 脚手架scaffolding 脚手架--------------------------------------------------------------------------------1. 综合类大地工程geotechnical engineering反分析法back analysis method基础工程foundation engineering临界状态土力学critical state soil mechanics 数值岩土力学numerical geomechanics土soil, earth 土动力学soil dynamics土力学soil mechanics岩土工程geotechnical engineering 应力路径stress path应力路径法stress path method2. 工程地质及勘察变质岩metamorphic rock标准冻深standard frost penetration冰川沉积glacial deposit冰积层(台)glacial deposit残积土eluvial soil, residual soil层理beding长石feldspar沉积岩sedimentary rock承压水confined water次生矿物secondary mineral地质年代geological age地质图geological map地下水groundwater断层fault断裂构造fracture structure工程地质勘察engineering geological exploration海积层(台)marine deposit海相沉积marine deposit花岗岩granite滑坡landslide化石fossil化学沉积岩chemical sedimentary rock阶地terrace节理joint解理cleavage喀斯特karst矿物硬度hardness of minerals 砾岩conglomerate流滑flow slide陆相沉积continental sedimentation泥石流mud flow, debris flow年粘土矿物clay minerals凝灰岩tuff牛轭湖ox-bow lake浅成岩hypabyssal rock潜水ground water侵入岩intrusive rock取土器geotome砂岩sandstone砂嘴spit, sand spit山岩压力rock pressure深成岩plutionic rock石灰岩limestone石英quartz松散堆积物rickle围限地下水(台)confined ground water 泻湖lagoon岩爆rock burst岩层产状attitude of rock岩浆岩magmatic rock, igneous rock岩脉dike, dgke岩石风化程度degree of rock weathering 岩石构造structure of rock岩石结构texture of rock岩体rock mass页岩shale原生矿物primary mineral 云母mica 造岩矿物rock-forming mineral褶皱fold, folding钻孔柱状图bore hole columnar section3. 土的分类饱和土saturated soil超固结土overconsolidated soil冲填土dredger fill充重塑土冻土frozen soil, tjaele非饱和土unsaturated soil分散性土dispersive soil粉土silt, mo粉质粘土silty clay高岭石kaolinite过压密土(台)overconsolidated soil 红粘土red clay, adamic earth黄土loess, huangtu(China)蒙脱石montmorillonite泥炭peat, bog muck年粘土clay年粘性土cohesive soil, clayey soil膨胀土expansive soil, swelling soil 欠固结粘土underconsolidated soil区域性土zonal soil人工填土fill, artificial soil 软粘土soft clay, mildclay, mickle砂土sand湿陷性黄土collapsible loess, slumping loess 素填土plain fill塑性图plasticity chart碎石土stone, break stone, broken stone, channery, chat, crushed stone, deritus未压密土(台)underconsolidated clay无粘性土cohesionless soil, frictional soil, non-cohesive soil岩石rock伊利土illite有机质土organic soil淤泥muck, gyttja, mire, slush淤泥质土mucky soil原状土undisturbed soil杂填土miscellaneous fill正常固结土normally consolidated soil正常压密土(台)normally consolidated soil 自重湿陷性黄土self weight collapse loess4. 土的物理性质阿太堡界限Atterberg limits饱和度degree of saturation饱和密度saturated density饱和重度saturated unit weight比重specific gravity稠度consistency不均匀系数coefficient of uniformity, uniformity coefficient触变thixotropy单粒结构single-grained structure蜂窝结构honeycomb structure干重度dry unit weight干密度dry density塑性指数plasticity index含水量water content, moisture content活性指数级配gradation, grading结合水bound water, combined water, held water界限含水量Atterberg limits颗粒级配particle size distribution of soils, mechanical composition of soil可塑性plasticity孔隙比void ratio孔隙率porosity粒度granularity, grainness, grainage粒组fraction, size fraction毛细管水capillary water密度density密实度compactionness年粘性土的灵敏度sensitivity of cohesive soil平均粒径mean diameter, average grain diameter曲率系数coefficient of curvature三相图block diagram, skeletal diagram, three phase diagram三相土tri-phase soil湿陷起始应力initial collapse pressure湿陷系数coefficient of collapsibility缩限shrinkage limit土的构造soil texture土的结构soil structure土粒相对密度specific density of solid particles土中气air in soil土中水water in soil团粒aggregate, cumularpharolith限定粒径constrained diameter相对密度relative density, density index相对压密度relative compaction, compacting factor, percent compaction, coefficient of compaction絮状结构flocculent structure压密系数coefficient of consolidation压缩性compressibility液限liquid limit液性指数liquidity index游离水(台)free water有效粒径effective diameter, effective grain size, effective size有效密度effective density有效重度effective unit weight重力密度unit weight自由水free water, gravitational water, groundwater, phreatic water组构fabric最大干密度maximum dry density最优含水量optimum water content5. 渗透性和渗流达西定律Darcy s law管涌piping浸润线phreatic line临界水力梯度critical hydraulic gradient 流函数flow function流土flowing soil流网flow net砂沸sand boiling渗流seepage 渗流量seepage discharge渗流速度seepage velocity渗透力seepage force渗透破坏seepage failure渗透系数coefficient of permeability 渗透性permeability势函数potential function水力梯度hydraulic gradient6. 地基应力和变形变形deformation变形模量modulus of deformation泊松比Poisson s ratio布西涅斯克解Boussinnesq s solution残余变形residual deformation残余孔隙水压力residual pore water pressure 超静孔隙水压力excess pore water pressure 沉降settlement沉降比settlement ratio次固结沉降secondary consolidation settlement次固结系数coefficient of secondary consolidation地基沉降的弹性力学公式elastic formula for settlement calculation分层总和法layerwise summation method负孔隙水压力negative pore water pressure 附加应力superimposed stress割线模量secant modulus固结沉降consolidation settlement规范沉降计算法settlement calculation by specification回弹变形rebound deformation回弹模量modulus of resilience回弹系数coefficient of resilience回弹指数swelling index建筑物的地基变形允许值allowable settlement of building剪胀dilatation角点法corner-points method孔隙气压力pore air pressure孔隙水压力pore water pressure孔隙压力系数Apore pressure parameter A孔隙压力系数Bpore pressure parameter B明德林解Mindlin s solution纽马克感应图Newmark chart切线模量tangent modulus蠕变creep三向变形条件下的固结沉降three-dimensional consolidation settlement瞬时沉降immediate settlement 塑性变形plastic deformation谈弹性变形elastic deformation谈弹性模量elastic modulus谈弹性平衡状态state of elastic equilibrium 体积变形模量volumetric deformation modulus先期固结压力preconsolidation pressure压缩层压缩模量modulus of compressibility压缩系数coefficient of compressibility压缩性compressibility压缩指数compression index有效应力effective stress自重应力self-weight stress总应力total stress approach of shear strength 最终沉降final settlement7. 固结巴隆固结理论Barron s consolidation theory 比奥固结理论Biot s consolidation theory超固结比over-consolidation ratio超静孔隙水压力excess pore water pressure 次固结secondary consolidation次压缩(台)secondary consolidatin单向度压密(台)one-dimensional consolidation多维固结multi-dimensional consolidation固结consolidation固结度degree of consolidation固结理论theory of consolidation固结曲线consolidation curve固结速率rate of consolidation固结系数coefficient of consolidation固结压力consolidation pressure回弹曲线rebound curve井径比drain spacing ratio井阻well resistance曼代尔-克雷尔效应Mandel-Cryer effect潜变(台)creep砂井sand drain 砂井地基平均固结度average degree of consolidation of sand-drained ground时间对数拟合法logrithm of time fitting method时间因子time factor太沙基固结理论Terzaghi s consolidation theory太沙基-伦杜列克扩散方程Terzaghi-Rendulic diffusion equation先期固结压力preconsolidation pressure压密(台)consolidation压密度(台)degree of consolidation压缩曲线cpmpression curve一维固结one dimensional consolidation有效应力原理principle of effective stress预压密压力(台)preconsolidation pressure 原始压缩曲线virgin compression curve再压缩曲线recompression curve主固结primary consolidation主压密(台)primary consolidation准固结压力pseudo-consolidation pressureK0固结consolidation under K0 condition8. 抗剪强度安息角(台)angle of repose 不排水抗剪强度undrained shear strength残余内摩擦角residual angle of internal friction残余强度residual strength长期强度long-term strength单轴抗拉强度uniaxial tension test动强度dynamic strength of soils峰值强度peak strength伏斯列夫参数Hvorslev parameter剪切应变速率shear strain rate抗剪强度shear strength抗剪强度参数shear strength parameter抗剪强度有效应力法effective stress approach of shear strength抗剪强度总应力法total stress approach of shear strength库仑方程Coulomb s equation摩尔包线Mohr s envelope摩尔-库仑理论Mohr-Coulomb theory内摩擦角angle of internal friction 年粘聚力cohesion破裂角angle of rupture破坏准则failure criterion十字板抗剪强度vane strength无侧限抗压强度unconfined compression strength有效内摩擦角effective angle of internal friction有效粘聚力effective cohesion intercept有效应力破坏包线effective stress failure envelope有效应力强度参数effective stress strength parameter有效应力原理principle of effective stress真内摩擦角true angle internal friction真粘聚力true cohesion总应力破坏包线total stress failure envelope 总应力强度参数total stress strength parameter9. 本构模型本构模型constitutive model边界面模型boundary surface model层向各向同性体模型cross anisotropic model 超弹性模型hyperelastic model德鲁克-普拉格准则Drucker-Prager criterion邓肯-张模型Duncan-Chang model动剪切强度非线性弹性模量nonlinear elastic model盖帽模型cap model刚塑性模型rigid plastic model割线模量secant modulus广义冯·米赛斯屈服准则extended von Mises yield criterion广义特雷斯卡屈服准则extended tresca yield criterion加工软化work softening加工硬化work hardening加工硬化定律strain harding law剑桥模型Cambridge model柯西弹性模型Cauchy elastic model拉特-邓肯模型Lade-Duncan model拉特屈服准则Lade yield criterion 理想弹塑性模型ideal elastoplastic model临界状态弹塑性模型critical state elastoplastic model流变学模型rheological model流动规则flow rule摩尔-库仑屈服准则Mohr-Coulomb yield criterion内蕴时间塑性模型endochronic plastic model 内蕴时间塑性理论endochronic theory年粘弹性模型viscoelastic model切线模量tangent modulus清华弹塑性模型Tsinghua elastoplastic model 屈服面yield surface沈珠江三重屈服面模型Shen Zhujiang three yield surface method双参数地基模型双剪应力屈服模型twin shear stress yield criterion双曲线模型hyperbolic model松岗元-中井屈服准则Matsuoka-Nakai yield criterion塑性形变理论谈弹塑性模量矩阵elastoplastic modulusmatrix谈弹塑性模型elastoplastic modulus谈弹塑性增量理论incremental elastoplastic theory谈弹性半空间地基模型elastic half-space foundation model谈弹性变形elastic deformation 谈弹性模量elastic modulus谈弹性模型elastic model魏汝龙-Khosla-Wu模型Wei Rulong-Khosla-Wu model文克尔地基模型Winkler foundation model 修正剑桥模型modified cambridge model准弹性模型hypoelastic model10. 地基承载力冲剪破坏punching shear failure次层(台)substratum地基subgrade, ground, foundation soil地基承载力bearing capacity of foundation soil地基极限承载力ultimate bearing capacity of foundation soil地基允许承载力allowable bearing capacity of foundation soil地基稳定性stability of foundation soil汉森地基承载力公式Hansen s ultimate bearing capacity formula极限平衡状态state of limit equilibrium加州承载比(美国)California Bearing Ratio 局部剪切破坏local shear failure 临塑荷载critical edge pressure梅耶霍夫极限承载力公式Meyerhof s ultimate bearing capacity formula普朗特承载力理论Prandel bearing capacity theory斯肯普顿极限承载力公式Skempton s ultimate bearing capacity formula太沙基承载力理论Terzaghi bearing capacity theory魏锡克极限承载力公式Vesic s ultimate bearing capacity formula整体剪切破坏general shear failure11. 土压力被动土压力passive earth pressure被动土压力系数coefficient of passive earth pressure极限平衡状态state of limit equilibrium静止土压力earth pressue at rest静止土压力系数coefficient of earth pressur at rest库仑土压力理论Coulomb s earth pressure theory 库尔曼图解法Culmannn construction朗肯土压力理论Rankine s earth pressure theory朗肯状态Rankine state谈弹性平衡状态state of elastic equilibrium 土压力earth pressure主动土压力active earth pressure主动土压力系数coefficient of active earth pressure12. 土坡稳定分析安息角(台)angle of repose分析毕肖普法Bishop method分析边坡稳定安全系数safety factor of slope 分析不平衡推理传递法unbalanced thrust transmission method分析费伦纽斯条分法Fellenius method of slices 分析库尔曼法Culmann method分析摩擦圆法friction circle method分析摩根斯坦-普拉斯法Morgenstern-Price method分析铅直边坡的临界高度critical height of vertical slope分析瑞典圆弧滑动法Swedish circle method分析斯宾赛法Spencer method分析泰勒法Taylor method分析条分法slice method分析土坡slope分析土坡稳定分析slope stability analysis分析土坡稳定极限分析法limit analysis method of slope stability 分析土坡稳定极限平衡法limit equilibrium method of slope stability分析休止角angle of repose分析扬布普遍条分法Janbu general slice method分析圆弧分析法circular arc analysis13. 土的动力性质比阻尼容量specific gravity capacity波的弥散特性dispersion of waves波速法wave velocity method材料阻尼material damping初始液化initial liquefaction地基固有周期natural period of soil site动剪切模量dynamic shear modulus of soils 动力布西涅斯克解dynamic solution of Boussinesq动力放大因素dynamic magnification factor 动力性质dynamic properties of soils动强度dynamic strength of soils骨架波akeleton waves in soils几何阻尼geometric damping 抗液化强度liquefaction stress孔隙流体波fluid wave in soil损耗角loss angle往返活动性reciprocating activity无量纲频率dimensionless frequency液化liquefaction液化势评价evaluation of liquefaction potential液化应力比stress ratio of liquefaction应力波stress waves in soils振陷dynamic settlement阻尼damping of soil阻尼比damping ratio14. 挡土墙挡土墙retaining wall挡土墙排水设施挡土墙稳定性stability of retaining wall 垛式挡土墙扶垛式挡土墙counterfort retaining wall 后垛墙(台)counterfort retaining wall 基础墙foundation wall 加筋土挡墙reinforced earth bulkhead锚定板挡土墙anchored plate retaining wall 锚定式板桩墙anchored sheet pile wall锚杆式挡土墙anchor rod retaining wall悬壁式板桩墙cantilever sheet pile wall悬壁式挡土墙cantilever sheet pile wall重力式挡土墙gravity retaining wall15. 板桩结构物板桩sheet pile物板桩结构sheet pile structure物钢板桩steel sheet pile物钢筋混凝土板桩reinforced concrete sheet pile物钢桩steel pile物灌注桩cast-in-place pile 物拉杆tie rod物锚定式板桩墙anchored sheet pile wall 物锚固技术anchoring物锚座Anchorage物木板桩wooden sheet pile物木桩timber piles物悬壁式板桩墙cantilever sheet pile wall16. 基坑开挖与降水板桩围护sheet pile-braced cuts 电渗法electro-osmotic drainage管涌piping基底隆起heave of base基坑降水dewatering基坑失稳instability (failure) of foundation pit 基坑围护bracing of foundation pit减压井relief well降低地下水位法dewatering method井点系统well point system 喷射井点eductor well point铅直边坡的临界高度critical height of vertical slope砂沸sand boiling深井点deep well point真空井点vacuum well point支撑围护braced cuts17. 浅基础补偿性基础compensated foundation持力层bearing stratum次层(台)substratum单独基础individual footing倒梁法inverted beam method刚性角pressure distribution angle of masonary foundation刚性基础rigid foundation高杯口基础基础埋置深度embeded depth of foundation 基床系数coefficient of subgrade reaction基底附加应力net foundation pressure交叉条形基础cross strip footing接触压力contact pressure静定分析法(浅基础)static analysis (shallow foundation)壳体基础shell foundation扩展基础spread footing片筏基础mat foundation浅基础shallow foundation墙下条形基础热摩奇金法Zemochkin s method柔性基础flexible foundation上部结构-基础-土共同作用分析structure- foundation-soil interactionanalysis 谈弹性地基梁(板)分析analysis of beams and slabs on elastic foundation条形基础strip footing下卧层substratum箱形基础box foundation18. 深基础贝诺托灌注桩Benoto cast-in-place pile波动方程分析Wave equation analysis场铸桩(台)cast-in-place pile沉管灌注桩diving casting cast-in-place pile 沉井基础open-end caisson foundation沉箱基础box caisson foundation成孔灌注同步桩synchronous pile承台pile caps充盈系数fullness coefficient单桩承载力bearing capacity of single pile单桩横向极限承载力ultimate lateral resistance of single pile单桩竖向抗拔极限承载力vertical ultimate uplift resistance of single pile单桩竖向抗压容许承载力vertical ultimate carrying capacity of single pile单桩竖向抗压极限承载力vertical allowable load capacity of single pile低桩承台low pile cap地下连续墙diaphgram wall点承桩(台)end-bearing pile动力打桩公式dynamic pile driving formula 端承桩end-bearing pile法兰基灌注桩Franki pile负摩擦力negative skin friction of pile钢筋混凝土预制桩precast reinforced concrete piles钢桩steel pile高桩承台high-rise pile cap灌注桩cast-in-place pile横向载荷桩laterally loaded vertical piles护壁泥浆slurry coat method回转钻孔灌注桩rotatory boring cast-in-place pile静力压桩silent piling抗拔桩uplift pile抗滑桩anti-slide pile摩擦桩friction pile木桩timber piles嵌岩灌注桩piles set into rock群桩pile groups群桩效率系数efficiency factor of pile groups 群桩效应efficiency of pile groups群桩竖向极限承载力vertical ultimate load capacity of pile groups深基础deep foundation竖直群桩横向极限承载力无桩靴夯扩灌注桩rammed bulb ile桩piles桩基动测技术dynamic pile test钻孔墩基础drilled-pier foundation钻孔扩底灌注桩under-reamed bored pile 钻孔压注桩starsol enbesol pile最后贯入度final set19. 地基处理表层压密法surface compaction超载预压surcharge preloading袋装砂井sand wick地工织物geofabric, geotextile地基处理ground treatment, foundation treatment电动化学灌浆electrochemical grouting电渗法electro-osmotic drainage顶升纠偏法定喷directional jet grouting冻土地基处理frozen foundation improvement短桩处理treatment with short pile堆载预压法preloading粉体喷射深层搅拌法powder deep mixing method复合地基composite foundation干振成孔灌注桩vibratory bored pile高压喷射注浆法jet grounting灌浆材料injection material灌浆法grouting硅化法silicification夯实桩compacting pile化学灌浆chemical grouting换填法cushion灰土桩lime soil pile挤密灌浆compaction grouting挤密桩compaction pile, compacted column 挤淤法displacement method加筋法reinforcement method加筋土reinforced earth碱液法soda solution grouting 浆液深层搅拌法grout deep mixing method 降低地下水位法dewatering method坑式托换pit underpinning冷热处理法freezing and heating锚固技术anchoring锚杆静压桩托换anchor pile underpinning排水固结法consolidation膨胀土地基处理expansive foundation treatment劈裂灌浆fracture grouting浅层处理shallow treatment强夯法dynamic compaction人工地基artificial foundation容许灌浆压力allowable grouting pressure褥垫pillow软土地基soft clay ground砂井sand drain砂井地基平均固结度average degree of consolidation of sand-drained ground砂桩sand column山区地基处理foundation treatment in mountain area深层搅拌法deep mixing method渗入性灌浆seep-in grouting湿陷性黄土地基处理collapsible loess treatment石灰系深层搅拌法lime deep mixing method 石灰桩lime column, limepile树根桩root pile水泥土水泥掺合比cement mixing ratio水泥系深层搅拌法cement deep mixing method水平旋喷horizontal jet grouting 塑料排水带plastic drain碎石桩gravel pile, stone pillar天然地基natural foundation土工聚合物Geopolymer土工织物geofabric, geotextile土桩earth pile托换技术underpinning technique 外掺剂additive旋喷jet grouting药液灌浆chemical grouting预浸水法presoaking 预压法preloading真空预压vacuum preloading振冲法vibroflotation method振冲密实法vibro-compaction振冲碎石桩vibro replacement stone column 振冲置换法vibro-replacement振密、挤密法vibro-densification, compacting 置换率(复合地基)replacement ratio重锤夯实法tamping桩式托换pile underpinning桩土应力比stress ratio20. 动力机器基础比阻尼容量specific gravity capacity等效集总参数法constant strain rate consolidation test地基固有周期natural period of soil site动基床反力法dynamic subgrade reaction method动力放大因素dynamic magnification factor 隔振isolation基础振动foundation vibration基础振动半空间理论elastic half-space theory of foundation vibration基础振动容许振幅allowable amplitude of foundation vibration基础自振频率natural frequency of foundation集总参数法lumped parameter method吸收系数absorption coefficient质量-弹簧-阻尼器系统mass-spring-dushpot system21. 地基基础抗震地基固有周期natural period of soil site地震earthquake, seism, temblor地震持续时间duration of earthquake地震等效均匀剪应力equivalent even shear stress of earthquake地震反应谱earthquake response spectrum地震烈度earthquake intensity地震震级earthquake magnitude 地震卓越周期seismic predominant period地震最大加速度maximum acceleration of earthquake动力放大因数dynamic magnification factor 对数递减率logrithmic decrement刚性系数coefficient of rigidity吸收系数absorption coefficient22. 室内土工试验比重试验specific gravity test变水头渗透试验falling head permeability test不固结不排水试验unconsolidated-undrained triaxial test常规固结试验routine consolidation test常水头渗透试验constant head permeability test 单剪仪simple shear apparatus单轴拉伸试验uniaxial tensile test等速加荷固结试验constant loading rate consolidatin test等梯度固结试验constant gradient consolidation test等应变速率固结试验equivalent lumped parameter method反复直剪强度试验repeated direct shear test 反压饱和法back pressure saturation method 高压固结试验high pressure consolidation test 各向不等压固结不排水试验consoidated anisotropically undrained test各向不等压固结排水试验consolidated anisotropically drained test共振柱试验resonant column test固结不排水试验consolidated undrained triaxial test固结快剪试验consolidated quick direct shear test固结排水试验consolidated drained triaxial test固结试验consolidation test含水量试验water content test环剪试验ring shear test黄土湿陷试验loess collapsibility test界限含水量试验Atterberg limits test卡萨格兰德法Casagrande s method颗粒分析试验grain size analysis test孔隙水压力消散试验pore pressure dissipation test快剪试验quick direct shear test快速固结试验fast consolidation test离心模型试验centrifugal model test连续加荷固结试验continual loading test慢剪试验consolidated drained direct shear test毛细管上升高度试验capillary rise test密度试验density test扭剪仪torsion shear apparatus膨胀率试验swelling rate test平面应变仪plane strain apparatus三轴伸长试验triaxial extension test三轴压缩试验triaxial compression test砂的相对密实度试验sand relative density test筛分析sieve analysis渗透试验permeability test湿化试验slaking test收缩试验shrinkage test塑限试验plastic limit test缩限试验shrinkage limit test土工模型试验geotechnical model test土工织物试验geotextile test无侧限抗压强度试验unconfined compression strength test无粘性土天然坡角试验angle of repose of cohesionless soils test压密不排水三轴压缩试验consolidated undrained triaxial compression test压密排水三轴压缩试验consolidated drained triaxial compressure test压密试验consolidation test液塑限联合测定法liquid-plastic limit combined method液限试验liquid limit test应变控制式三轴压缩仪strain control triaxial compression apparatus应力控制式三轴压缩仪stress control triaxial compression apparatus有机质含量试验organic matter content test 真三轴仪true triaxial apparatus振动单剪试验dynamic simple shear test直剪仪direct shear apparatus直接剪切试验direct shear test直接单剪试验direct simple shear test自振柱试验free vibration column testK0固结不排水试验K0 consolidated undrained testK0固结排水试验K0 consolidated drained test23. 原位测试标准贯入试验standard penetration test表面波试验surface wave test超声波试验ultrasonic wave test承载比试验Califonia Bearing Ratio Test 单桩横向载荷试验lateral load test of pile 单桩竖向静载荷试验static load test of pile 动力触探试验dynamic penetration test静力触探试验static cone penetration test 静力载荷试验plate loading test跨孔试验cross-hole test块体共振试验block resonant test螺旋板载荷试验screw plate test旁压试验pressurementer test轻便触探试验light sounding test深层沉降观测deep settlement measurement 十字板剪切试验vane shear test无损检测nondestructive testing 下孔法试验down-hole test现场渗透试验field permeability test原位孔隙水压力量测in situ pore water pressure measurement原位试验in-situ soil test最后贯入度final setABUT 桥墩(Abutment)C-C 中心到中心(Center to Center)CCTV 闭路电视(Closed Circuit Television)CONC 混凝土(Concrete)CC 施工契约(Construction Contract)C&C 明挖覆盖(Cut and Cover)DDCs 详细设计顾问(Detail Design Consultants)DIA 直径(Diameter)DN 向下(Down)DRG 图说(Drawings)E 东向(East)EMU 电联车(Electric Multiple Unit)EL 高程(Elevation)EQ 相等(Equivalent)ECS 环境控制系统(Environmental Control System)EXC 开挖(Excavation)EXIST 现有(Existing)EGL 现有地面高程(Exist Ground Level)EXP 伸缩(Expansion)FRC 强化玻璃纤维混凝土(Fiber Glass Reinforced Concrete) FIN 粉刷(装修)(Finishing)FFL 粉刷(装修)楼板面高程(Finished Floor Level)FGL 粉刷(装修)地面高程(Finished Ground Level)FL 楼板(Floor)FDN 基础(Foundation)GC 总顾问(General Consultants)GL 地面高程、地基高程(Ground Level)俗话说:“家家有本难念的经″。