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英语句子成分和简单句的五种基本句型一.句子成分英语句子成分有主语，谓语，宾语，宾语补足语，表语，定语，状语等。
顺序一般是主语，谓语，宾语，宾语补足语，而表语，定语，状语的位置要根据情况而定。
1.主语：表示句子主要说明的人或事物，一般位于句首。
但在iherebe结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。
主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
例如：Country music has become more and more popular.（名词）We often speak English in class.（代词）One-third of the students in this class are girls.（数词）To swim in the river is a great pleasure.（不定式）Smoking does harm to the health.（动名词）The rich should help the poor.（名词化的形容词）What we are going to do has not been decided.（主语从句）It is necessary to master a foreign language. （it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）.谓语：谓语说明主语的动作，状态或特征。
可以有不同的时态，语态和语气。
1）简单谓语：We study for the people.2）复合i胃语：I can speak a little English. We are reading books. He has gone to Beijing.2.表语：它位于系动词（比如be）之后，说明主语身份，特征，属性或状态。
My sister is a nurse.（名词）Is it yours?（代词）The weather has turned cold.（形容词）The speech is exciting.（分词）Three times seven is twenty one.（数词）His job is to teach English.（不定式）His hobby is playing football.（动名词）The ruler must be in your box.（介词短语）Time is up. The class is over.（副词）The truth is that he has never been abroad.（表语从句）3.宾语：宾语表示动作行为的对象，跟在及物动词之后。
英语句子成分及简单句5种基本句型一、英语句子成分根据英语词汇在英语句子中的地位和作用, 英语句子的成分可分为主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语、同位语及独立成分等。
其中，主语和谓语是句子的主要成分，一般情况下，一个句子不能缺少这两种成分。
现将不同句子成分的用法列举如下：1. 主语：表示句子所要说明或描述的人或事物，一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当，置于句首。
如：It's getting cold. 天冷起来了。
Now everything is ready. 现在一切都准备好了。
The teacher is very kind to us. 老师对我们很好。
2. 谓语：说明或描述主语的动作、状态或特征，由动词或动词短语充当，位于主语之后。
如：Mother bought me a birthday present. 妈给我买了个生日礼物。
We have finished our work already. 我们已经完成了工作。
3. 表语：表示主语的身份、性质、状态和特征，一般由名词、形容词、或相当于名词、形容词的词、短语或句子充当，位于系动词之后，形成英语独有的主系表结构。
如：Be careful! 小心!All the students are lovely. 所有的学生都很可爱。
He looks very angry. 他看上去很生气。
4. 宾语：指动作所涉及的人或事物，一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当，位于动词之后。
如：He wrote many plays. 他写了许多剧本。
She loves swimming. 她喜欢游泳。
5. 宾语补足语：用来对宾语进行补充和说明，一般由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语或非谓语动词充当。
如：He told us to stay. 他叫我们留下。
I've never seen her dancing. 我从未看见过她跳舞。
英语句子成分及简单句5种基本句型英语句子成分及简单句5种基本句型一、英语句子成分根据英语词汇在英语句子中的地位和作用, 英语句子的成分可分为主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语、同位语及独立成分等。
其中，主语和谓语是句子的主要成分，一般情况下，一个句子不能缺少这两种成分。
现将不同句子成分的用法列举如下：1. 主语：表示句子所要说明或描述的人或事物，一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当，置于句首。
如：It's getting cold. 天冷起来了。
Now everything is ready. 现在一切都准备好了。
The teacher is very kind to us. 老师对我们很好。
2. 谓语：说明或描述主语的动作、状态或特征，由动词或动词短语充当，位于主语之后。
如：Mother bought me a birthday present. 妈给我买了个生日礼物。
We have finished our work already. 我们已经完成了工作。
3. 表语：表示主语的身份、性质、状态和特征，一般由名词、形容词、或相当于名词、形容词的词、短语或句子充当，位于系动词之后，形成英语独有的主系表结构。
如：Be careful! 小心!All the students are lovely. 所有的学生都很可爱。
He looks very angry. 他看上去很生气。
4. 宾语：指动作所涉及的人或事物，一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当，位于动词之后。
如：He wrote many plays. 他写了许多剧本。
She loves swimming. 她喜欢游泳。
5. 宾语补足语：用来对宾语进行补充和说明，一般由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语或非谓语动词充当。
如：He told us to stay. 他叫我们留下。
I've never seen her dancing. 我从未看见过她跳舞。
1、要分析句子结构，先了解英语句子成分：英语常见的句子成分主要有：主语；谓语；宾语；表语；定语；状语；同位语；宾语补足语；主语补足语。
2、英语常用句子结构：简单句；并列句；复合句。
3、英语动词简单句的五种基本类型①主系表结构【I 主语】【am 谓语】【a sports fan表语】.【It 主语】【gets谓语】【colder 表语】【in winter 时间状语】.②主谓结构They left.③主谓宾结构【I 】【need】【your help】【It 】【depends on 】【the weather】④主谓双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语）结构【He 主语】【gave谓语】【me 间接宾语】【the book 直接宾语】【yesterday 时间状语】.⑤主谓复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语）结构【We主语】【made谓语】【him宾语】【monitor宾语补足语】【of our class.定语】4、句子成分划分举例：【I 主语】【live in 谓语】【Shijiazhuang 宾语】,【a city 同位语】【not far from Beijing 形容词短语，后置定语】. 【简单句】【The teachers 主语】【are 谓语】【enthusiastic and friendly表语】and 【the class rooms 主语】【are 谓语】【amazing表语】.and 连接的【并列句】【I 主语】【don't think 谓语】【( that )I will be bored in Ms Shen's class 宾语从句】. 宾语从句成分【I 主语】【will be 谓语】【bored 表语】【in Ms Shen's class 介词短语，状语】【The teacher主语】【is 谓语】【a very enthusiastic定语】【woman.表语】另外，建议：最好看看语法书。
英语句子成分及简单句5种基本句型一、英语句子成分根据英语词汇在英语句子中的地位和作用, 英语句子的成分可分为主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语、同位语及独立成分等。
其中，主语和谓语是句子的主要成分，一般情况下，一个句子不能缺少这两种成分。
现将不同句子成分的用法列举如下：1. 主语：表示句子所要说明或描述的人或事物，一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当，置于句首。
如：It's getting cold. 天冷起来了。
Now everything is ready. 现在一切都准备好了。
The teacher is very kind to us. 老师对我们很好。
2. 谓语：说明或描述主语的动作、状态或特征，由动词或动词短语充当，位于主语之后。
如：Mother bought me a birthday present. 妈给我买了个生日礼物。
We have finished our work already. 我们已经完成了工作。
3. 表语：表示主语的身份、性质、状态和特征，一般由名词、形容词、或相当于名词、形容词的词、短语或句子充当，位于系动词之后，形成英语独有的主系表结构。
如：Be careful! 小心!All the students are lovely. 所有的学生都很可爱。
He looks very angry. 他看上去很生气。
4. 宾语：指动作所涉及的人或事物，一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当，位于动词之后。
如：He wrote many plays. 他写了许多剧本。
She loves swimming. 她喜欢游泳。
5. 宾语补足语：用来对宾语进行补充和说明，一般由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语或非谓语动词充当。
如：He told us to stay. 他叫我们留下。
I've never seen her dancing. 我从未看见过她跳舞。
英语句子的成分及简单句的五种基本句式Ⅰ. ▲句子成分分类1．主语:主语是谓语讲述的对象，表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。
一般由名词、代词、不定代词或相当于名词的单词或短语来充当，也有从句充当的现象。
大多数主语都在句首。
如：We didn’t have enough time to think about problems by ourselves. We had to do muchhomework after class. She enjoys reading books and listening to music.Every coin has two sides（任何事物都有两面性）Three are enough.To spit in public is not polite. What to do next is not clear.Seeing English films is a good way to learn English well.Shopping on line has many advantages.What we need is food.▲在个别句型中，主语在整个句子后面，这时前面用it作形式主语。
如：It took two workers about three months to build the house.I t’s our duty to protect the environment.It’s very exciting not to have extra classes on holidays.It is important for us to obey traffic rules.On the other hand, there are some disadvantages to go online2．谓语:谓语时用来说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么样”，谓语必须是动词，谓语和主语在“人称”和“数”两方面必须一致。
如：She gets on/along well with（与。
相处的很好）her friends.She enjoys reading books and listening to musicwe can also take some exercise together to keep fit/ keep healthy/ be in good health(为了身体的健康).Huaguo Mountain is a famous tourist attraction in Lianyungang.Our after—school activities are very colorful, such as playing balls, singing, dancing, drawing and so on（等等）.Great changes have taken place since 60 years ago.But a few years ago, a lot of bad behaviors happened quite often during the travel. My money has run out.3.表语:表语说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”，由名词、形容词、介词、副词、不定式及相当于名词的词或短语来充当，它的位置在系动词后面。
⑴、系动词的分类：第一类：表示特征或状态的，有be，look/seem/appear，feel，smell，taste，sound，You don’t look very well. The skirt feels soft.The music sounds beautiful. The roses smell sweet. Mrs. Li was a strict but kind teacher. 第二类：表示从一种状态到另一种状态的变化，有become，get，grow，turn，fall，go，come等。
He became a world-famous scientist.It is getting warmer and warmer.If you study hard, your dream will come true.As soon as she got home, she fell asleep.第三类：表示保持状态的，有keep，remain，stay。
Please remain seated and the plane is taking off.⑵The news was surprising. My mom is friendly, wise and patient.His job is teaching English.（动名词）In his opinion（他认为）, the best ways are reading English newspapers and talking with friends.（动名词）The only way is to give the child more help.（不定式）The best way to learn English is to use it.This is why he was late.（从句）4．宾语:宾语是动作、行为的对象，由名词、代词、不定式、或相当于名词的词或短语或从句来充当，它和谓语动词一起说明主语是什么，通常放在谓语动词，介词的后面。
有时，会有双宾语。
如：名词作宾语He never forgives others for their mistakes.代词做宾语He often helps me.不定式作宾语He likes to sleep in the open air.动名词作宾语The Americans enjoyed living in China.Thanks for inviting me to your dinner.What about going out for a walk?I am looking forward to meeting you.I am used to living in the city.从句做宾语I believe that they can finish the work in time.I don’t know if there is going to be rain tomorrow.Can you tell me when he will come ?5．宾语的补足语在英语的句子中有些句子里只有宾语并不能表达完整的意思，还必须在宾语后面加上宾语的补足语才能表达完整的意思。
名词、动词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、现在分词、过去分词都可以作宾语补足语.如:名词作宾补If you let me go, I’ll make you king.形容词作宾补Don’t make your hands dirty.Mr. Wang can make his class interesting and lively.副词作宾补We found Li Ming out when we arrived.介词短语作宾补Make yourself at home. We regard him as our good friend省略to的不定式作宾补I saw a girl go into the building.带to的不定式作宾补The boy ordered the dog to lie down.现在分词作宾补The boss kept them working all day.过去分词作宾补Yesterday he got his leg broken.在英语中,常见的“宾语＋宾语补足语”的结构有：▲“宾语+名词”。
常用于该结构的动词有：call, name, make, find, think,等。
We call him Jack.They made Li Lei their monitor.形式宾语＋名词I think it a good idea to listen to more English songs.I think it our duty to protect the environment.▲“宾语+形容词”。
常见的动词有think, believe, leave, make, keep, turn, 等。
如：Do you think his idea wrong?We must keep our classroom clean.We can’t leave him alone.Can you get everything ready for the party before Friday?▲“宾语+副词”。
副词作宾补常表示宾语的状态。
常见的副词有：down, up, here, there, home, in, out, anywhere等。
如：Let him in/ out.Mr. Li drove us home.When got there, we found him out.▲“宾语+不定式”。
充当宾补的不定式有三种：A 要求带to的不定式The cool water of the lake invited us to swim.When I failed an exam, you encouraged me to be confident and keep trying.B 要求不带to 的不定式let, make, have, see, hear, watch, notice, find等The boss made the workers work 12 hours a day.I often hear him read English in his room.C 单词help 后可加to 或不加toShe sometimes helps her mother (to) do housework.▲“宾语+现在分词”。
现在分词作宾补，此时在该句型中的宾语即为现在分词逻辑上的主语，有着主谓关系。
I saw them playing on the playground.I heard Mary singing in the classroom.▲“宾语+过去分词”。
宾语和宾补之间是被动关系，过去分词表示被动和完成。
I had my bike stolen.The teacher explained again and again to make himself understood.▲形式宾语＋形容词We found it impossible to get there before Saturday.I think it important to study English well.6．定语：定语用来修饰名词或代词。
