上海大同中学2022-2023学年高一下学期5月学情调研英语试卷学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、用单词的适当形式完成句子1．Many Chinese brands, ______ (develop) their reputations over centuries, are encountering new challenges from the modern market.(所给词的适当形式填空)2．There are a dozen doctors working in the operating room, twice the number_______________ (need) for a typical brain operation. (所给词的适当形式填空) 3．—Who should be responsible for the accident?—The boss, not the workers. They just carried out the order as ______(tell). （所给词的适当形式填空）4．______ (price) at around 332, the shoes will come into the market sometime next month. (所给词的适当形式填空)5．When the customer caught the shop owner ______ (cheat) her, she stopped buying things there and started dealing with another shop. (所给词的适当形式填空)6．_______________ (remain) an important problem to be dealt with this year, the efficient use of energy and resources has become a national concern. (所给词的适当形式填空) 7．The international conference currently ______ (hold) has caught the attention of the mass media. (所给词的适当形式填空)8．Linda felt herself ______ (follow) on her way home from work yesterday evening, and therefore she was frightened and looked back from time to time. (所给词的适当形式填空) 9．The rumor of more employers ________________ (involve) in the scandal(丑闻) spread across the city quickly.10．I sat in my room for a few minutes with my eyes ________ (fix) on the ceiling. （所给词的适当形式填空）二、用单词的适当形式完成短文it 12 Betty and her friend Joan can sit on the sofa and talk for three hours and a half?What in the world, Harold wonders, do they have to talk about?Betty shrugs. Talk? We’re friends.Researching this matter called friendship, psychologist Lillian Rubin spent two years interviewing more than 200 women and men. 13 their age, their job is, the result was completely clear 14 women have more friends than men. More than two-thirds of the single men interviewed could not name a best friend. Yet three-quarters of the single women had no trouble naming a most trusted person. “Most women,” says Rubin, “identified at least one, usually more, trusted friends to 15 they could turn in a troubled moment.”三、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word canToday’s students have a problem. They were born into a world where smartphones, social media, and immediate access to the internet are hurting their ability to focus.Now teachers have a problem too. They find it particularly exhausting to ask students to read complex or long texts without taking 16 breaks. Smartphones have clearly affected the younger generation, but how education should 17 for digital-native students was not something that was 18 when they were getting certified.A common idea among teachers is that short is good. When students can’t seem to pay attention to long lectures, many teachers simply 19 lessons into smaller chunks. In fact, students need time to 20 with a topic once the teacher introduces it before moving on. Switching between small lessons too quickly could rob them of valuable 21 .A study from educational publisher Pearson found that students aged between 10 and 24 tend to stay away from 22 books. Therefore, some tech-forward teachers choose to “meet kids where they are” on platforms such as YouTube and Instagram.Still, while those educators are embracing technology in the classroom to meet students’ needs, they are also finding value in traditional methods, and so suggest a mixed learning approach. Direct 23 from them will never be replaced in their classes. Technology will be 24 only when it improves a lesson in ways that are impossible offline.Teachers are making an effort not only to ensure that students take advantage of newtechnologies, but to teach students valuable skills that can help them succeed in a world constantly trying to 25 them.四、完形填空People using ad-blocking software who visited the New York Times website in Marchexplain that, “Advertising helps us fund our journalism,” and gave the visitor two options tosubscription.Despite many internet users’ opposition, a number of publishers are now banning ad-blocking software. Aidan Joyce, chief executive of Oriel, says, “Most ad-blocking users do not object to a reasonable advertising experience 28 quality free content.” Mark Thompson, the group’s chief executive, said, “Anyone who refuses to contribute to the creation of high-quality journalism has no right to 29 it.”To satisfy people who hate advertising, the news organization plans to introduce a higher-priced, advertisement-free 30 . Ben Barokas, chief executive of Sourcepoint, thinks that media groups should offer consumers a range of different ways to 31 content, including for-free with ads, micropayments and subscriptions.However, Sean Blanchfield, chief executive of PageFair, argues that publishers need to exercise care in how they ban ad blockers. “Users have justifiable concerns,” he says. “Ads that are served today have serious privacy and security problems.” Mr. Blanchfield says that PageFair aims to help publishers. “ 32 the advertising experience in a way that the typical ad-block user wouldn’t find offensive.”Publishers that ban ad blockers also risk losing their audience to competitors that turn out more 33 . In some ways, that matters little. But internet users are not just 34 consumers; Instead, they often help distribute a publisher’s content by sharing links with friends through email, forums, and social media.More than half of U.K. adults using an ad blocker said that they would switch it off if doing so was the only way to access a website, according to a survey by YouGov. Meanwhile, Sweden’s biggest publishers will 35 block people next month who use ad-blocking software. The idea is that they will be able to turn the ad-blocking tide with a combinedeffort.26．A．equal B．free C．essential D．absolute 27．A．download B．update C．purchase D．disable 28．A．in place of B．in response to C．in search of D．in return for 29．A．consume B．block C．modify D．oppose 30．A．application B．qualification C．protection D．subscription 31．A．create B．access C．evaluate D．distribute 32．A．broaden B．acquire C．embrace D．redefine 33．A．innovative B．generous C．adaptable D．committed 34．A．passive B．regular C．prospective D．selective 35．A．secretly B．cautiously C．permanently D．collectively五、阅读理解You may have heard of a Japanese TV show called PUI PUI MOLCAR. The show features cute guinea pig cars getting into all sorts of crazy situations. In addition to the charming characters, people love the show’s quirky style of animation, which is known as stop motion, and it’s a technique with a long and interesting history.In a stop-motion film, the characters are represented by models, puppets, or toys. The animator arranges them in the desired position, takes a photograph, adjusts each object’s position slightly, takes another photo, and repeats the process. When all these photos are arranged in sequence, the objects appear to be moving. The first use of this technique was in a short film called The Humpty Dumpty Circus in 1898.In early Hollywood, film directors began to blend stop-motion with live action to create (at the time) jaw-dropping special effects. For example, the 1925 fantasy film The Lost World featured scary stop-motion dinosaurs chasing real actors. Indeed, the brains behind those revolutionary techniques, the animator Willis O’Brien, would go on to create perhaps the world’s most famous stop-motion monster—the giant gorilla in 1933’s King Kong.By the 1990s, stop-motion was being used in everything, including movies, TV advertisements, and music videos. Programs like the Swiss claymation series Pingu charmed audiences with their endearing characters and style. Then suddenly, everything changed. Computer-generated images (CGI) with special effects began to really take off. Directorswere eager to explore the possibilities of this cutting-edge technology and quickly gave stop motion the boot. And although several outstanding stop-motion movies were released in the ‘90s (The Nightmare before Christmas, for example), it was Pixar’s 3-D animated hit Toy Story that would become the decade’s defining animated movie.For more than 10 years, stop-motion mostly fell out of fashion. By the late 2000s, however, audiences were becoming tired of the look and feel of CGI. Today, stop-motion movies are once again making waves. TV series like Shaun the Sheep are popular all over the world. Films like The Lego Movie even use CGI to imitate stop-motion animation. One studio in particular, Laika, has created five stop-motion pictures since 2009, all of which were nominated for Best Animated Feature at the Oscars.36．A stop-motion film is made by______.A．creating stop-motion effects based on video clips of real humansB．arranging photos of slightly different positions in orderC．taking photographs of various characters randomlyD．using computer techniques to create moving objects37．Which of the following is TRUE regarding the history of stop-motion films?A．The special effects created in the 1925 film “The Lost World” was poorly-received. B．The performance of a real gorilla in 1933’s King Kong caused great excitement. C．Stop-motion films began to lose its popularity in the 1990s, giving way to CGI.D．Toy Story was not as successful as the stop-motion movie The Nightmare before Christmas.38．The underlined expression “gave…… the boot” probably means______. A．dismissed B．praised C．released D．recalled39．It is implied in the last paragraph that______.A．some film companies intend to further improve the stop-motion filmmaking by cooperating with the Oscars.B．though CGI films are not as popular as they used to be, they are still favored by the Oscars. C．audiences across the world are ready to appreciate the impressive art of stop-motion films once again.D．stop-motion films are regaining popularity because of the declining computer-generated special effects.LilyStudying abroad is an area that is becoming increasingly interesting for researchers, as more students are choosing to do a semester, a year or even a degree in another country. In my research, I set out to establish whether young people attending a course abroad acquire more global awareness than students enrolled on similar courses in their home country, Using a comparative study of 50 Canadian undergraduates, half of whom studied abroad for varying lengths of time, there were shown to be considering gains in global awareness and these were not only noted by the students themselves but also their tutors.ThomasMy research project asked ten students starting a year of study abroad to keep a daily record of their experiences. Having begun the diary a month before leaving home they continued it for a month after they returned. The primary reason for studying abroad in all cases was to polish their language skill. The students were allowed to write as freely as they wished by were asked to include comments on their language learning experience as well as on the strategies they used to cope with living in a new culture. Analysing the diaries, we found remarkably similar patterns. All the participants demonstrate a gradual recognition and acceptance of difference in other cultures and a new objectivity about their own culture as a result of their experience.JasmineThis paper reports on some research carried out last year into why students choose a period of study abroad, their reasons for selecting a specific destination, their behaviour when abroad and the extent to which the experience matches their expectations. Having administered a questionnaire to 1,000 international students studying at a number of universities in Australia, we got 696 responses. An initial analysis of the responses has revealed some interesting data suggesting that the key factor affecting all the areas we were investigating was the individual's personality and study interests. Country of origin and 'gender proved less significant than expected.JimmyThis research looked at the career paths of 35 young business people who had spent part of their university course at a foreign educational institution in order to ascertain whether those people had acquired greater cross-cultural perspectives through their experience of study abroad. Concerned about the lack of cultural awareness of their staff, a group of USbusiness corporations proposed the research. The results are less conclusive than expected, but they do suggest that a period of study in a foreign country may help students to develop the cross-cultural awareness that US employers currently seek.40．The passage is mainly about four researchers' findings on ________.A．the reasons for young students to study abroadB．the impact and effects of studying in another countryC．the trend of more students furthering their study abroadD．the interest of students who once studied in another country41．________used the subjects' personal account as the research material.A．Lily B．Thomas C．Jasmine D．Jimmy 42．According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?A．Most of the researchers found the students global awareness increased.B．All of the researchers took a reserved attitude towards studying abroad.C．None of the researchers thought gender played a role in students' choice.D．Only one of the researchers did research on the subjects' career development.When antibiotics（抗生素）first became available, farmers used them freely. Now scientists know that the overuse of antibiotics can cultivate drug-resistant bacteria that are dangerous to human health. Among debates over what kinds of restrictions should be put in place, figuring out how antibiotic-resistant bacteria evolve and make their way to humans remains an area of intense interest.Jo Handelsman is tracing one such pathway that, as she puts it, travels from "farm to table."Handelsman, a microbiologist who is now associate director for science at the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy, looked into dairy cows, which are often treated with antibiotics and produce manure（排泄物）that farmers use on their crops. In addition to nutrients, that fertilizer may harbor antibiotic-resistant bacteria—a problem because the bacteria can come into contact with plants that are finally shipped to supermarkets and sometimes eaten raw.To find out how those antibiotic-resistant bacteria come to exist, Handelsman and her colleagues at Yale University added manure from a nearby Connecticut farm to raised beds of soil in 2013. In this case, the manure specifically came from cows that were not treated with antibiotics. The researchers unexpectedly found that there were more soil bacteria carryingantibiotic-resistant genes when they were grown with the manure than when they were grown with synthetic nitrogen-based fertilizer—even though the cows were drug-free.Previous research has found that manure from pigs treated with antibiotics contains resistant bacteria, but the cow-pie results suggest there are more factors promoting resistance besides antibiotic use. Something about manure itself may encourage naturally resistant bacteria to increase.The findings should not, however, give the impression that resistance is everywhere, notes Lance Price, a microbiologist at George Washington University（who was not involved in the study）. "We can control this. There's very clear evidence that when we turn off the antibiotic tap, we bring down drug-resistant bacteria," says Lance.Next on the farm-to-table schedule, Handelsman will test whether radishes grown in soil treated with cow manure are capable of taking up resistant genes from bacteria through their vascular system（循环系统）. "They have veins（血管）just like us," she says. "We don't have any evidence yet that they're taking up the bacteria, but it's a really interesting possibility." 43．What does Jo Handelsman's research focus on?A．How antibiotics makes its way onto our table.B．What restrictions should be put to antibiotics use.C．How antibiotics-resistant bacteria reach human beings.D．What damage the overuse of antibiotics does to humans.44．What did Jo's research find?A．Drug-free cows produced manure with antibiotic-resistant bacteria.B．Synthetic nitrogen-based fertilizer did more good to the environment.C．Soil bacteria carrying antibiotic-resistant genes were increasing with time.D．Manure from pigs treated with antibiotics contained fewer resistant bacteria. 45．Lance Price is quoted in the passage in order to ________.A．provide more evidence that drug-resistance bacteria are dangerousB．suggest another possible explanation to the antibiotics problemsC．emphasize the importance of feeding cows with no antibioticsD．show that the research findings may not be that worrisome46．Which of the following statements is Jo most likely to agree with?A．It is very likely that widespread resistance to antibiotics is not inevitable.B．Plants grown in soil fertilized with cow manure may contain drug-resistant genes.C．There is possibility that radishes take up resistant genes wherever they are planted. D．The vascular system plays a key role in guarding radishes against bacteria.六、六选四Unwanted PublicityMost people know how to use social networking sites wisely, but this isn’t always the case. In March 2011, Australian teenager Jessica Cooper posted an invitation to her 16th birthday party on Facebook. 47 But she made two big mistakes: she set her private party as a “public event”, and she included her address and mobile phone number in her post. The next day she was horrified to find that around 1,900 people had accepted her invitation and her phone was full of messages from strangers.48 Someone had already copied her information and almost immediately the event was posted again, using a fake Facebook account in her name. This time it really went viral. By the following morning, 30,000 people had signed up to attend her party and the numbers were increasing every minute. 49 The event wall was crowded with messages about what they were going to do and bring. Even after the event had been deleted from Facebook, websites and blogs kept making up stories about the party, people were reproducing Jess’s profile photo and photos of her house, and businesses were advertising “Jess Cooper’s party” T-shirts for sale.50 I’m so scared, she told a reporter at the time. Her birthday party, of course, was called off and her parents had to ask the police for protection on the night she had been planning to hold it. She had to close her Facebook and phone accounts, and she probably still feels embarrassed about the unwanted publicity she got in 2011.A．By the time the fake account was shut down by Facebook a day later, more than 200,000 people had accepted the invitation.B．In conclusion, we should bear in mind that social networking sites are not always friendly. C．She was expecting her classmates from school to come and she invited them to bring a few other friends if they wanted to.D．At first, Jess didn’t care at all.E．For lots of people, this was a good joke, but for Jess it wasn’t funny.F．Jess quickly removed the invitation, but her problems were just beginning.七、用单词的适当形式完成句子51．They are both doctors but that is where the ______ ends. (similar) (所给词的适当形式填空)52．Her insatiable ______ (curious) about the world around her led her to explore every corner of her backyard as a child, and as an adult, it fueled her passion for traveling and discovering new cultures. (所给词的适当形式填空)53．The company’s ______ (purpose) marketing strategy helped them to increase their sales and reach a wider audience. (所给词的适当形式填空)54．Despite the changing market trends, the company’s ______ (flexible) approach to business led to a decline in profits. (所给词的适当形式填空)八、汉译英（整句）55．我们从参观博物馆中受益匪浅，让我们更好地理解了如何保护野生动植物。
