An Audio Frequency Model of a 2×25 kV Traction Line for High Speed Railway Systems

喀呖声测试标准
喀呖声（Click）测试是一种用于评估电子设备音频噪声的测试方法，通常用于音频设备、耳机、扬声器等产品的质量检测。

以下是一些常见的喀呖声测试标准：
1. IEC 60268-2：这是国际电工委员会（IEC）制定的音频设备测试标准，其中包含了喀呖声测试的要求。

该标准规定了测试信号、测试条件和测试方法，以评估音频设备在不同频率范围内的喀呖声水平。

2. ANSI/CTA-2034：这是美国国家标准协会（ANSI）和消费技术协会（CTA）共同制定的标准，适用于电视、音频设备和其他消费电子产品的喀呖声测试。

该标准规定了测试信号、测试条件和测试方法，以评估设备在不同音频频率下的喀呖声水平。

3. ITU-R BS.1770：这是国际电信联盟（ITU）制定的音频质量评估标准，其中包含了喀呖声测试的要求。

该标准提供了一种客观的方法来测量和评估音频信号中的喀呖声水平。

这些标准通常涵盖了测试信号的生成、测试设备的要求、测试环境的条件以及测试结果的报告和评估方法等方面。

通过遵循这些标准进行喀呖声测试，可以确保测试结果的准确性和可重复性，有助于评估音频设备的噪声水平和质量。

具体的喀呖声测试标准可能会因产品类型、应
用领域和地区而有所差异，因此在进行喀呖声测试时，应根据适用的标准进行选择和应用。

COMMISSION DIRECTIVE2005/49/ECof25July2005amending,for the purposes of their adaptation to technical progress,Council Directive72/245/EEC relating to the radio interference(electromagnetic compatibility)of vehicles and Council Directive 70/156/EEC on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the type-approval ofmotor vehicles and their trailers(Text with EEA relevance)THE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES,Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,Having regard to Council Directive70/156/EEC of6February 1970on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the type-approval of motor vehicles and their trailers(1),and in particular Article13(2)thereof,Having regard to Council Directive72/245/EEC relating to the radio interference(electromagnetic compatibility)of vehicles(2), and in particular Article4thereof,Whereas:(1)Directive72/245/EEC is one of the separate directivesunder the type-approval procedure established byDirective70/156/EEC.(2)In order to improve safety of vehicles by encouragingdevelopment and deployment of technologies utilisingautomotive short-range radar equipment,theCommission has harmonised by Commission Decision2004/545/EC of8July2004on the harmonisation ofradio spectrum in the79GHz range for the use ofautomotive short-range radar equipment in theCommunity(3)and by Commission Decision2005/50/EC of17January2005on the harmonisationof the24GHz range radio spectrum band for the time-limited use by automotive short-range radar equipmentin the Community(4),the use of two radio spectrumfrequency bands.(3)The79GHz range radio spectrum band has been iden-tified as the most suitable band for long-term devel-opment and deployment of automotive short-rangeradar.Accordingly Decision2004/545/EC designatedand made available for automotive short-range radarequipment the79GHz range radio spectrum band ona non-interference and non-protected basis.However,thetechnology in the79GHz range radio spectrum band isstill under development and is not immediately availableon a cost-effective basis.(4)The time-limited use of the24GHz range radiospectrum band for automotive short-range radarsequipment has been permitted by Decision2005/50/EC.The technology using this frequency bandis available in the short-term at a reasonable cost,whichwill make it possible to quickly evaluate the effectivenessof the deployment of automotive short-range radarequipment as regards road safety.However,the use ofradars of that technology has to be limited to avoidinterference with other applications that use the24GHz range radio spectrum band.(5)Decision2005/50/EC permits the use of24GHz radarequipment only when originally installed in new vehiclesor when replacing one so installed and for a periodending30June2013at the latest.However,accordingto Article5of Decision2005/50/EC,that date may beadvanced.(6)In accordance with Decision2005/50/EC,Member Stateshave to set up a monitoring system aiming to quantifythe number of vehicles equipped with24GHz short-range radars equipment registered in their territory.It istherefore necessary to provide Member States with theappropriate means to carry out this monitoring.(7)Directive72/245/EEC should therefore be amendedaccordingly.(8)The amendments to Directive72/245/EEC have animpact on Directive70/156/EEC.It is thereforenecessary to amend that directive accordingly.ENL194/12Official Journal of the European Union26.7.2005(1)OJ L42,23.2.1970,p1.Directive as last amended by CommissionDirective2004/104/EC(OJ L337,13.11.2004,p.13).(2)OJ L152,6.7.1972,p.15.Directive as last amended by Directive2004/104/EC.(3)OJ L241,13.7.2004,p.66.(4)OJ L21,25.1.2005,p.15.(9)The measures provided for in this Directive are inaccordance with the opinion of the Committee for Adap-tation to Technical Progress established by Article13ofDirective70/156/EEC,HAS ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE:Article1Amendment to Directive72/245/EEC Directive72/245/EEC is amended as follows:1.In Annex I,the following points are inserted after point2.1.12.2:‘2.1.13.“24GHz short-range radar equipment”means a radar as defined in Article2(2)of CommissionDecision2005/50/EC(*),and satisfying theperformance requirements of Article4of thatDecision.2.1.14.“79GHz short-range radar equipment”means aradar as defined in Article2(b)of CommissionDecision2004/545/EC(**),and satisfying theperformance requirements of Article3of thatDecision.___________(*)OJ L21,25.1.2005,p.15.(**)OJ L241,13.7.2004,p.66.’2.In Annex II A,the following points are inserted after point12.2.7:‘12.7.1.vehicle equipped with a24GHz short-range radar equipment:Yes/No(strike out which is notapplicable)12.7.2.vehicle equipped with a79GHz short-range radarequipment:Yes/No(strike out which is notapplicable)’.3.In the appendix to Annex III A the following points areinserted after point1.3:‘1.3.1.vehicle equipped with a24GHz short-range radar equipment:Yes/No(strike out which is notapplicable)1.3.2.vehicle equipped with a79GHz short-range radarequipment:Yes/No(strike out which is notapplicable)’.Article2Amendment to Directive70/156/EEC Directive70/156/EEC is amended as follows.1.In Annexes I and III,the following points are inserted afterpoint12.6.4:‘12.7.1.vehicle equipped with a24GHz short-range radar equipment:Yes/No(strike out which is notapplicable)12.7.2.vehicle equipped with a79GHz short-range radarequipment:Yes/No(strike out which is notapplicable)’.2.In Annex IX on Side2of all models of the Certificate ofconformity(COC),item50is replaced by the following:‘50.Remarks50.1.vehicle equipped with a24GHz short-range radarequipment:Yes/No(strike out which is not applicable)50.2.vehicle equipped with a79GHz short-range radarequipment:Yes/No(strike out which is not applicable)50.3.Other remarks......................................................................’.Article3Transitional provisions1.With effect from1July2006,if the provisions laid down in Directive72/245/EEC,as amended by this Directive,are not fulfilled,Member States,on grounds related to electromagnetic compatibility:(a)shall consider certificates of conformity which accompanynew vehicles in accordance with the provisions of Directive 70/156/EEC to be no longer valid for the purposes of Article7(1)of that Directive;(b)may refuse the registration,sale or entry into service of newvehicles.Existing approvals for vehicles not fitted with24GHz or 79GHz short-range radar equipment remain unchanged.2.With effect from1July2013,Member States shall prohibit the registration,sale or entry into service of vehicles equipped with24GHz short-range radar equipment.EN26.7.2005Official Journal of the European Union L194/133.In case the reference date in Article2(5)of Decision 2005/50/EC is modified in accordance with Article5of that Decision,Member States shall prohibit the registration,sale or entry into service of vehicles equipped with24GHz short-range radar equipment after the modified reference date.Article4Transposition1.Member States shall adopt and publish,by30June2006 at the latest,the laws,regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive.They shall forthwith communicate to the Commission the text of those provisions and a correlation table between those provisions and this Directive.They shall apply those provisions from1July2006.When Member States adopt those provisions,they shall contain a reference to this Directive or be accompanied by such reference on the occasion of their official publication.Member States shall determine how such reference is to be made.2.Member States shall communicate to the Commission the texts of the main provisions of national law,which they adopt in the field governed by this Directive.Article5Entry into forceThis Directive shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.Article6AddresseesThis Directive is addressed to the Member States.Done at Brussels,25July2005.For the CommissionGünter VERHEUGENVice-PresidentENL194/14Official Journal of the European Union26.7.2005。

Phase Angle VoltmeterModel 2500AGraphical, Color DisplayIsolated inputs0.020º Phase Accuracy0.001° Phase ResolutionOn board reference generator80 dB harmonic rejectionWide frequency responseIEEE-488, USBDescriptionThe Model 2500A PAV replaces the very popular Model 2500. With the latest and most advanced DSP technology, this instrument provides a new level of performance and user friendliness. In addition, the 2500A PAV is considerably less expensive than other “traditional” PAVs. By keeping classic measurements, at- the-touch-of-a-button, the Model 2500A behaves more like an instrument and less a computer. The unit is extremely easy to use yet contains a host of features and performance characteristics that set it apart from all others.Specifically targeted at Synchro/Resolver and LVDT/RVDT applications this instrument makes measurements of Phase Angle, In-Phase, Quadrature, Fundamental and Total a breeze. All parameters can be displayed simultaneously on a bright color high resolution graphical display. The Model 2500A even includes a built-in oscilloscope for viewing input waveforms.Isolated inputs allow null, ratio and gain measurements of key parameters and a reference offset facilitates bridging measurements. A sensitive null meter is also included. An optional on-board reference generator has enough power to drive most LVDT/Synchro references. This feature can eliminate the need for an external reference; although the unit can be used with an external generator if so desired. The Model 2500A also includes pre-defined LVDT/RVDT functions such as (A-B)/(A+B) and (A-B)/Ref.But the 2500A PAV goes further. By using an external shunt, it can also, measure power, power factor, THD, harmonics, and can be used to calculate impedance.Typical DisplaysMultifunction DisplayIn Phase with null meterOscilloscopeSpecificationsChannels 2, galvanically isolated Measurement Total,Fundamental, In-phase,Quadrature, Ratio, Frequency andPhase plus Null MeterVoltage Input RangesResolution20mV rms to 630V rms in ½ decaderanges or Autoranging5 digits voltage,6 digits phase Phase Input Ranges 0.00º - 360º or ±180ºFrequency Range, Total 20Hz to 2MHzFrequency Range, Fundamental Modes20Hz to 100KHzDC Recorder Output: +/- 10VDC full scaleVoltage Accuracy: % of scale +% of Range/Over frequency and Voltage rangeRange 20-2K 2K-5K 5K-20K 20K-50K 50K-100K 100K-300K 300K-2M 20mV 0.06+0.05 0.09+0.10 0.09+0.10 0.3+0.20 1.5+0.50 - - 63mV 0.06+0.05 0.09+0.10 0.09+0.10 0.3+0.20 0.04+0.50 - - 200mV-20V 0.05+0.05 0.05+0.10 0.10+0.10 0.20+0.20 0.40+0.50 1.2+1.0 4.5+1.063V 0.05+0.05 0.05+0.10 0.10+0.10 0.20+0.20 0.40+0.50 1.2+1.0 - 200V-630V 0.12+0.05 0.12+0.10 0.12+0.10 0.40+0.20 1.20+0.50 - -Fundamental modes to 100KHz. Add 30µV to Total mode specs .Phase Accuracy20Hz to 2KHz ±0.02º 2kHz to 5kHz ±0.03º 5kHz to10kHz ±0.04º 10kHz to 20kHz ±0.05º 20kHz to 50kHz ±0.10º 50kHz to 100kHz ±0.20ºCommon Mode Rejection Ratio (CMRR)5Hz to 1KHz : 126dB1kHz to 5kHz: 110dB 5kHz to 32 kHz: 100dB 32kHz to 150KHz: 91dBHarmonic Rejection 80dB (even and odd) Max input 650Vrms Input impedance 1 M // 30pF (excluding. Leads) Coupling AC Nulling Sensitivity 1 µV*Accuracy can be improved significantly by using voltage tracking loop mode. Consult factory for details.Optional Signal Generator Frequency 20Hz to 20KHzAccuracy* Frequency ±0.05%; Amplitude ±5% (to 100kHz), no load Output Voltage 10mV to 115Vrms Output Current0 to 12.00V 0.5A 12.01 to 30.00V 0.2A 30.01 to 120V0.05AOptions: Orderinginformationexample: 01:SignalGenerator Model2500A with signal generator and 02: Front and Rear Inputs trigger output: Order: 2500A-01-03 03: Isolated Trigger Output‡Šƒmƒ”ƒ@ƒGƒ“ƒ^ƒvƒ‰ƒCƒY“ú–{‘•‘ã—•“X•§105-0004 “Œ‹ž“s•`‹æ•V‹´6-2-9 •Ü“cƒrƒ‹T EL 03(3437)9281 FAX 03(3437)9611 URL:www.nova-ent.co.jpE-mail:****************.jp。

Andrew Milluzzi, KK4LWR125 SE 16th Ave., Apt L202, Gainesville, FL 32601; *******************Getting Started withDMR and DSDPlus This simple tutorial can help get you started on digital modulation.Digital modulations are becoming quitepopular in Amateur Radio. Technologies likeDMR, D-STAR, and System Fusion havemade the technology accessible and a newplatform for experimentation. Recently therewas much buzz about the Tytera MD-380,an inexpensive digital mobile radio (DMR)handheld transceiver. Technologies suchas the RTL-SDR — software defined radiobased on the RTL chip set — have broughtsoftware defined radio to the masses.C ombining these two technologies canenable additional experimentation.Recently the Gator Amateur RadioClub, W4DFU, at the University of Floridainstalled a DMR repeater for Gainesvilleand the surrounding area. This repeater is agreat resource for students and Technicianclass operators to talk all over the worldusing UHF locally. It is easy to get startedwith DMR by just listening to typical DMRcontacts. Depending on the talk group, someare quick, others are well organized nets. One option to decode DMR is to purchase a radio. Another is constructing a receiver from an RTL-SDR, an antenna, and some software.What is DMR?DMR stands for Digital Mobile Radio. Sometimes it is called MotoTURBO, the DMR product produced by Motorola Solutions. Like D-STAR or System Fusion, DMR digitizes voice using a vocoder and sends the information via digital packet. Unlike D-STAR and System Fusion, DMR uses TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) with two time slots in 12.5 kHz. This enables one DMR repeater to act as two on a given frequency.What is DSDPlus?DSDPlus is an application that runs on aWindows computer that can decode multipledigital modes.1 Similar to the open sourceDSD program, DSDPlus takes an audiostream from a radio and can generate text oraudio. The main difference for the scope ofthis tutorial is that the open source programmust be compiled from source code, whileDSDPlus offers a Windows binary.Hardware SetupMy decoding setup requires just a fewpieces of physical hardware, seen in Figure1, and a some virtual hardware. The firstthing you need is a DMR source. I alreadyhad purchased a Tytera MD-380 handheldtransceiver, since I am quite interested inthe ongoing firmware experimentationcommunity. Y ou might already have a DMRsource, via other hams and perhaps a localrepeater. If you do decided to purchase aDMR radio, Motorola Solutions and Hyteraeach make some outstanding radios. BothC onnect Systems and Tytera make somemore inexpensive options.The second needed piece of hardware is aradio to connect to your computer. Y ou coulduse a VHF/UHF radio and a sound card tointerface with your computer. However, Iopted for an RTL-SDR for this project. AnRTL-SDR is essentially an inexpensive TVtuner USB dongle for your computer. Itcan be purchased for less than $20 and cancover 50 MHz to 1.7 GHz. Your Windows Figure 1 — DMR decoding setup using a Tytera MD-380 handheld transceiver, a laptop computer, and an RTL-SDR dongle. [Andy Milluzzi, KK4LWR, photo]QEX March/April 2017 1920 QEX March/April 2017operating system will most likely need a special driver to use the card as an SDR. Y ou can install the correct driver with assistance from the Zadig web page.2 The Zadig website has a simple guide for installing the WinUSB driver. This tutorial will assume you are using an RTL-SDR with the appropriate driver. The final needed hardware component for this tutorial is virtual. The DSD software needs a way to pass the audio. If you are using your computer sound card and an external radio, then you can skip this hardware. I recommend a VB-Audio Virtual Cable as a free solution.3 When you download and install the software, you should notice a new audio input and output device on your computer that acts as a sound card.Setting up DSDPlus SuiteDownload the latest version of DSDPlus and DSDPlus DLL package from the DSDPlus web page.4 Extract the contents of the DSDPlus zip file and the DLL zip file to a folder. Y ou should see a few dozen files. For this tutorial, we will focus on FMP-VC.bat and VC.bat. In DSDPlus two programs must be configured: FMP and DSDPlus. FMP is a basic narrowband FM tuner for an SDR. DSDPlus is the decoder.With all the files extracted, open a command prompt. In the Windows environment, this can be done by pressing the Windows key on your keyboard and typing C MD. Once open, navigate to the folder containing the DSDPlus files. Another option in Windows 8 or Windows 10 is to click on the File menu in your Explorer window. One of the options listed is open a command prompt. If done from the DSDPlus folder, you will not need to navigate.Setting up FMPOpen the file FMP-VC.bat. Y ou will see several parameters. Modify this script for our use by configuring the four parameters “–I”, “–o”, “–P”, and “–f”. The “–i” parameter followed by number (without a space) indicates which SDR to use as an input. For the SDR we can assume it is the only one on your computer, so set it to “–i1”. The “–o” parameter followed by a number is the output audio device. The “–P” parameter is the parts-per million (ppm) correction for your SDR. The “–f” parameter is the frequency in megahertz.To determine the values for the other parameters requires some knowledge about your setup. Let’s first tackle the output audio source. Each computer is different. The best way to determine the audio output is to observe what FMP sees. For this next part, you might find it helpful to unplug theSDR from the computer; if it is plugged inFigure 3 — Screen capture of FMP successfully running, controlling the SDR. Note thecommand prompt window showing the correct ppm correction and frequency.Figure 2 — Running FMP .EXE produces this text. Note the listed audio output devices.the program will launch. Type “FMP .EXE” in your command prompt window. Without an SDR plugged in, the application should fail to launch, but will still list the audio devices. For this program, we need to feed the output to our virtual audio port input. On my computer it is “Audio output device #2” seen in Figure 2.QEX March/April 2017 21Setting the ppm correction for your SDR is specific to your device. You can experiment by leaving it at 0.0. Alternatively you can use another SDR program such as SDR# from the AIRSPY web page to find the ppm correction.5 My device required a ppm correction of +75.The last parameter to set is the frequency to monitor. I do not want to clog the larger DMR network with my testing traffic, so I generated my own signals on 446.075 MHz, one of the UHF simplex frequency. DMR is mostly on UHF in the United States. Once the system is working, you can change the frequency to a local repeater.If done correctly, your FMP-VC.bat should look like:“FMP –i1 –o2 –P75 –f446.075”.Plug in your SDR tuner and run the script. Y ou should see several windows pop up. Y our computer screen should look like Figure 3. Save the changes to FMP-VC.bat. Y ou can close FMP by pressing the ESC key.Setting up DSDPlusC onfigure the DSDPlus script with a similar process. Open the VC.bat file and observe the various parameters. The parameters that start with a “w”:“–wsl”, “–wss”, “–wel”, and “–wcl”control where the windows are launched. Y ou can set these as you like.We must configure the audio as we did before by launching DSDPlus from our opencommand prompt. Unfortunately, there isFigure 5 — A screen capture of several windows of DSDPlus while decoding.Figure 4 — Running DSDPlus lists both input and output audio devices.no way to stop the program from opening all the windows, so you might need to move the various windows out of the way to see the command prompt and get your results. On my computer I got the results shown in Figure 4.The input should be set to the virtual audio cable output. The output must be your system speakers. In my case this results in input device #1 and output device #1 respectively. This enables me to hear anyone calling. A few other parameters must be set to make DMR work. The first parameter, “–rv”, tells DSDPlus that we expect voice. DSDPlus must also be set to decode DMR/MotoTURBO, since DSDPlus can do much more than just DMR — DSDPlus documentation indicates that it decodes D-STAR, except audio. It also can also decode P25 Phase 1 and NEXEDGE.To enable DMR we need to pass the “–fr” parameter. We also need to tell DSDPlus which of the two time slots we want tomonitor. This is done via passing “–1” or “–2” after the “–fr” parameter. Those are the only required parameters to make it work. You can record what DSDPlus decodes using the “–Pwav” parameter to save the audio as a wave file. Y ou might also discover a “–v3” parameter in the sample provided by DSDPlus. This enables verbose logging and I recommend using it, especially for debugging your scripts.When you are done, you should have a VC.bat script similar to:“DSDPlus –fr –1 –rv -Pwav –i1 –o1 –v3 –wsl400.210 –wss100.200 –wel172.522 –wcl528.0 >>VC.log”.Run VC.bat along with FMP-VC.bat and you should be able to decode DMR audio.Figure 5 is a screen capture containing several windows of information from my test transmission. If you look at the “DSD+ DMR VC Channel Activity” window you can see my target was Talk Group 99. The signal came from my radio programmed with 3112746, my DMR-MARC registered radio number. “The DSD+ VC event log” also reflects this same information. The “DSD...” window shows a trace of the audio signal. The most useful information comes from the command prompt script, lower left window. Y ou can also see DSDPlus initially locked on my signal before getting regular information. This is because my simplex mode has an “always” admit criteria. If we tweak our script to use slot two, the information for my signal would look the same in the command prompt, but no audio would play. This is because DSDPlus is expecting time slot two to provide the audio. We can also see my radio ID and the talk group in this window.Test Radio SetupTesting was done on low power andsimplex. I programmed my Tytera MD-380to use the standard Talk Group 99, TimeSlot 1, and Color Code 1, as found on theAmateur Radio guide on the DMR-MARCweb page.6 I also have the channel admitcriteria set to “always” since there is nosignal with which to sync up.ResultsThe setup easily decodes my DMR testsignals from my MD-380. Figure 5, showsthat DSDPlus is successfully decodingthe incoming DMR voice packets. Thesoftware successfully identifies key packetinformation, such as talk group, device ID,and so on. The audio output is clear and easyto understand. The software saves a “.wavfile” of the audio, enabling me to mute thespeakers while testing to avoid feedback.With the setup working correctly, I haveconfigured an old computer with the RTL-SDR to act as a DMR monitor for W4DFUrepeater. I used the time slot selection ofDSD+ to limit monitoring to time slot 2 (toavoid hearing the near constant traffic onNorth America or World Wide talk groups).This lets me hear local traffic and just a fewlarger area talk groups. The W4DFU repeateris part of the K4USD network. Details fortime slots and talk groups can be found atthe K4USD web page.7 I live a few milesfrom the W4DFU repeater and the smallstock antenna that came with the RTL-SDRis easily able to pick up the repeater frommy desk.Next StepsLike many hams, I am always learningsomething new. I love the challenge ofmastering a new technology. I am far froman expert on DMR, but I am having fundiscovering the features of this digital mode.This SDR scanner project is just one way togain a better understanding of DMR whilealso enabling a way to connect with otherusers.This tutorial was just the tip of the icebergin terms of software defined radio. Whilescanning DMR with DSDPlus is nothingnew, the software can be intimidating. Wehave just scratched the surface in whatDSDPlus can do and hopefully this willencourage you to experiment with all thefeatures or get started with DMR. Most of theDSDPlus documentation is in text files withthe software. Give it a try and see what youcan come up with!Andy Milluzzi, KK4LWR, is an AmateurExtra licensed ham, first licensed in 2012. Heis president of the Gator Amateur Radio Club,W4DFU, at the University of Florida. Andyis 2012 alumnus, receiving a BS in ComputerEngineering and a BS in Software Engineering,of the Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology inTerre Haute, Indiana. He is a PhD candidateand 2013 alumnus, receiving a MS inElectrical and Computer Engineering, at theUniversity of Florida in Gainesville, Florida.Andy loves how Amateur Radio affords himthe ability to tinker and relax, while stillincorporating his passion for engineering.Notes/2zadig.akeo.ie/3vb-audio.pagesperso-orange.fr//download-2//download//media/Amateur_Radio_Guide_to_DMR_Rev_I_20150510.pdf22 QEX March/April 2017。

Page 1 of 6 D A T A S H E E TK85001-0642Not to be used for installation purposes. 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Protruding no more than one inch from the wall, these appliances blend inconspicuously with any decor.Optional amber lens tints, ALERT or FIRE markings, and red or white housing colors ensure there is a device for every application, including mass notification and emergency communications. Speakers feature selectable wattage taps, while speaker-strobes allow for both wattage and light output levels to be configured in the field. Both settings remain clearly visible — even after final installa-tion, which allows devices to be easily fine-tuned to achieve maxi-mum benefit in exchange for the lowest possible system overhead.High fidelity models meet the NPFA 520 Hz requirements for newly construced commercial sleeping areas. They also produce crisp, clear voice audio output that is highly intelligible over large areas.All Genesis speakers include a DC blocking capacitor to allow electrical supervision of the audio distribution circuit. Models for 25 V RMS and 70 V RMS audio circuits are available. With their sealed back construction, these speakers are extra durable and provide outstanding audibility.Wall Speakers, Speaker-StrobesGenesis G4 Series0211/0285See Specifications Section for listings details.High Fidelity ModelsGenesis G4HF Series High Fidelity appliances provide highly intel-ligible voice audio output. They are also effective in areas subjectto high levels of ambient noise. These appliances are approved foruse in sleeping areas under conditions described below.Sleeping Room ApplicationsGenesis G4HF Series High Fidelity appliances are ideal for hotels,dormitories, and other residential occupancies where audibleoutput must meet the 520 Hz signaling characteristics required byNFPA 72.In sleeping areas, always ensure that the wattage tap of thespeaker is set sufficiently high so that the sound pressure reachesat least 75 dBA-fast at the pillow.These appliances are part of an end-to-end audio system ap-proved for use in sleeping areas when used in conjunction withapproved audio hardware and a factory-supplied 520 Hz tone.Check the System Compatibility List for other 520 Hz signalingrequirements.NOTE: Speakers driven by third-party audio systemsare not UL approved for use in sleeping rooms.Genesis mass notificationappliances bring the samehigh-performance life safetyfeatures and unobtrusivedesign to mass notificationapplications. Standard mod-els are available with clear oramber lenses and optionalALERT housing labels, theyare ideal for applicationsthat require differentiation between life safety and mass notificationalerts. Appliances with red, green or blue lenses are available.Field ConfigurationGenesis speakers may be set for ¼, ½, 1, or 2 watt operation. Thewattage setting is visible through a small window on the bottomof the device and is changed by simply sliding the switch until thedesired setting appears in the window. The speaker does not haveto be removed to change the wattage.Genesis speaker-strobes feature selectable candela output. Theoutput setting is visible through a small window on the bottom ofthe device and is changed by simply sliding the switch until thedesired setting appears in the window. The speaker-strobe doesnot have to be removed to change the output.To change strobe to temporalUse the Candela Switch and theWattage switch to set desired operation.Genesis speaker-strobes may also be configured for temporalflash. This battery-saving feature is intended for private modesignaling only. To set the device for temporal flash, snip the circuitboard as shown in the Jumper Locations diagram above.WARNING: These devices will not operate without electrical power.As fires frequently cause power interruptions, we suggest you dis-cuss further safeguards with your local fire protection specialist.Page 2 of 6D A T A S H E E T K85001-0642Not to be used for installation purposes. Issue 1Page 3 of 6 D A T A S H E E TK85001-0642Not to be used for installation purposes. Issue 1Installation and MountingAll models are intended for indoor wall mounted applications only. Speakers and speaker-strobes are flush mounted to a North-American 4” square electrical box, 21/8” (54 mm) deep or a Euro-pean 100 mm square box. Signals may be surface mounted to a Genesis surface-mount box (see ordering information for details).Two tabs at the top of the signal unlock the cover to facilitate mounting. The shallow depth of Genesis devices leaves room behind the signal for extra wiring. Once installed with the cover in place, no mounting screws are visible.Kidde recommends that these speaker-strobes always be installed in accordance with the latest recognized edition of national and lo-cal codes. Refer to installation sheet for mounting height informa-tion.WiringField wiring is connected to Genesis signals with terminals that ac-commodate #18 to #12 AWG (0.75 mm² to 2.5 mm²) wiring.Light outputPer cent of UL rating versus angle11223344556677889910112233445566778899108590Minium UL required candela light output24 Vdc 55 (65)78 (86)153 (159)196 (203)31 Vdc 45 (53)63 (69)120 (124)151 (157)20 Vfwr 56 (106)79 (147)147 (264)197 (342)24 Vfwr 50 (95)68 (130)121 (225)155 (283)27 Vfwr44 (84)60 (115)107 (200)137 (251)Light output switch settings for UL 1971 listed models are selectable by numeric candela value. Light output for Mass Notification (ECS/MNS) appliances is selectable by A, B, C, or D designations.Sound level outputUL 1480: Sound level output at 10 ft (3.05 m) measured in a reverberant room using 400 to 4,000 Hz band limited pink noise. ULC-S541: Sound level output at 10 ft (3.05 m) measured in anechoic chamber using 0 to 4,000 Hz band limited pink noise.G4 Standard Frequency ModelsUL 1480: Sound level output at 10 ft (3.05 m) measured in a reverber-ant room using 400 to 4,000 Hz band limited pink noise.1/2 Watt 83 dBA 1 Watt 86 dBA 2 Watt89 dBAAmber95 cd65 cd26 cd13 cdSpecificationsClear Strobe Output Rating UL 1971: 15 cd (fixed 15/75 cd models)UL 1638, ULCS526: 75 cd (fixed 15/75 cd models)Amber Strobe Output Rating UL 1638: 13 (D), 26 (C), 65 (B), 95 (A)Strobe Operating Voltage16 - 33 Vdc Regulated, 16-33 V Full wave rectified (UL Voltage Designations “Regulated 24” and “24 fwr”) Strobe Flash Rate One flash per second.Strobe Flash Synchronization All strobes: one flash per second (fps) within 200 milliseconds over 30 minutes on common circuit. All strobes: Synchronization source required to comply with UL 1971 synchronization standard. Temporal setting (private mode only): synchronized to temporal output on the same circuit.Synchronization Sources FACPs: VM and VS Series life safety systems, FX Series fire alarm control panels. Moduels: GSA-CC1S, GSA-MCC1S, SIGA-CC2A, GSA-MCC2A, EG1M-RM. Power supplies: MIRBPS6A, MIRBPS10A, APS6A, APS10A.Strobe Lens Material PolycarbonatePage 4 of 6D A T A S H E E T K85001-0642Not to be used for installation purposes. Issue 1Page 5 of 6 D A T A S H E E TK85001-0642Not to be used for installation purposes. Issue 1Ordering InformationLife safety Appliances G4-S2WhiteNoneNoneSpeaker only models25 Volt (Selectable ¼, ½, 1, or 2watt)1.5 lbs. (0.68 kg)G4HFWN-S2üG4R-S2 RedG4HFRN-S2üG4F-S2WhiteFIREG4HFWF-S2üG4RF-S2 Red G4HFRF-S2üEG4-S2VMWhiteNoneClearSelectable 15, 30, 75, or 110 cdG4HFWN-S2VMC üEG4R-S2VMRedG4HFRN-S2VMC üEG4F-S2VMWhiteFIREG4HFWF-S2VMC üEG4RF-S2VM Red G4HFRF-S2VMC üG4-S7WhiteNoneNoneSpeaker only models70 V (Selectable ¼, ½, 1, or 2watt)G4HFWN-S7üG4R-S7RedG4HFRN-S7üG4F-S7WhiteFIREG4HFWF-S7üG4RF-S7Red G4HFRF-S7üEG4-S7VMWhiteNoneClearSelectable 15, 30, 75, or 110 cdG4HFWN-S7VMC üEG4R-S7VMRed G4HFRN-S7VMC üEG4F-S7VMWhite FIRE G4HFWF-S7VMC üG4HFRF-S7VMC üRed EG4F-S7V1575White FIREClear15/75 cd¹EG4RF-S7V1575RedMass Notification Appliances G4WA-S2VMA*WhiteALERTAmberSelectable 13, 26, 65, or 95 cd 25 Volt (Selectable ¼, ½, 1, or 2watt)1.5 lbs. (0.68 kg)G4HFWA-S2VMA*üG4WA-S2VMC ClearSelectable15, 30, 75, or 110 cd G4HFWA-S2VMC üG4WN-S2VMA*NoneAmber Selectable 13, 26, 65, or 95 cd G4HFWN-S2VMA*üG4WN-S2VMC Clear15, 30, 75, or 110 cdG4WA-S2ALERT NoneSpeaker only models G4HFWA-S2üG4WN-S2NoneG4WA-S7VMA*WhiteALERTAmberSelectable 13, 26, 65, or 95 cd 70 V (Selectable ¼, ½, 1, or 2watt)G4HFWA-S7VMA*üG4WA-S7VMC ClearSelectable15, 30, 75, or 110 cd G4HFWA-S7VMC üG4WN-S7VMA*NoneAmber Selectable 13, 26, 65, or 95 cd G4HFWN-S7VMA*üG4WN-S7VMC Clear15, 30, 75, or 110 cdG4WA-S7ALERT None Speaker only modelsG4HFWA-S7üG4WN-S7None* Not approved for fire alarm applicationsTechnology that saves livesContact us...Email:*****************.comWeb: /EngineeredSystems Kidde is a UTC brand.1016 Corporate Park DriveMebane, NC 27302© 2016 United Technologies Corporation. All rights reserved.AccessoriesEG1M-RM Synchronization Output Module (1-gang)0.2 (0.1) GSA-CC1S Intelligent Synchronization Output Module (2-gang)0.5 (0.23) GSA-MCC1S Synchronization Output Module (Plug-in UIO)0.18 (0.08) EG4B Surface mount box, white0.7 (0.32) EG4RB Surface mount box, red0.7 (0.32)Page 6 of 6D A T A S H E E T K85001-0642Not to be used for installation purposes. Issue 110-11-16。

AM6200/95High Power Mid-High Frequency Loudspeaker with Rotatable HornKey Features:᭤90°x 50°Coverage, rotatable for use in either vertical or horizontal orientation. ᭤CMCD™ Cone Midrange Compression Driver provides low midrange distortion, increased sensitivity,extended bandwidth and improved phase coherency.᭤PT™ Progressive Transition Waveguide for excellent pattern control with low distortion.᭤Bi-Amp/Passive Switchable.᭤Optional planar array frame kits for a number of array configurations (see AE Series Array Guide).Applications:Use with LF and/or subwooferreinforcement in applications such as:᭤Performing arts facilities ᭤Theatrical sound design ᭤Auditoriums᭤Houses of worship ᭤Live clubs᭤Dance-clubs/discotheques ᭤Sports facilities᭤Themed entertainment venues Use without LF or subwoofer reinforcement in:᭤Voice-only PA᭤Delay fill applicationsAM6200/95 is a high power mid-high frequency loudspeaker systemcomprised of one 200 mm (8 in) CMCD Cone Midrange Compression Driver and one 38 mm (1.5 in) exit/75mm (3in) voice-coil HF compression dri-ver. The multi-band PT Progressive Transition mid-high frequency wave-guide provides well-controlled 90°by 50°coverage and is rotatable for cabi-net positioning in either horizontal or vertical orientation. High-slopecrossovers minimize band overlap and well-controlled off-axis response enhances arrayability.The cabinet is fitted with M10threaded suspension points. Pre-engineered array bracketry is available.AM6200/95 is part of JBL’s AE Application Engineered Series, aversatile family of loudspeakers for a wide variety of fixed installation applications.Specifications:System:Frequency Range 1(-10 dB):200 Hz – 19 kHz Frequency Response 1(±3 dB):250 Hz – 17 kHzCoverage Pattern:90°x 50°, rotatable waveguide Directivity Factor (Q):10Directivity Index (DI):10 dBCrossover Modes:Bi-amp/Passive switchablePassive Crossover Slopes 2:Passive mode: 4th order (24 dB/oct) Linkwitz-Riley HP & LP, 2.1 kHzTransducer Power Rating (AES)3:MF: 350 W (1400 W peak), 100 hrs HF: 75 W (300 W peak), 2 hrsLong-Term System Power Rating (IEC)4:MF/HF: 350 W (1400 W peak), 100 hrs Maximum SPL 5:Bi-amp mode:MF: 133 dB-SPL cont avg (139 dB peak)HF: 132 dB-SPL cont avg (138 dB peak)Passive mode:MF/HF: 132 dB-SPL cont avg (138 dB peak)System Sensitivity (1W @ 1m):Passive mode: 108 dB SPLTransducers:Midrange Driver:JBL CMCD-81H Cone Midrange Compression Driver with integral200 mm (8 in) diameter Differential Drive ®dual voice-coil inter-nal driverNominal Impedance:8 ohms Sensitivity (1W @ 1m):108 dB SPLHigh Frequency Driver:JBL 2431H, 38 mm (1.5 in) exit compression driver, 75mm(3in) voice coilNominal Impedance:8 ohms Sensitivity (1W @ 1m):113 dB SPLWaveguide:PT-K95MHPhysical:Enclosure:Trapezoidal with 15 degree side angles, 16 mm (5/8 in) exteriorgrade 11-ply Finnish birch plywoodSuspension Attachment:13 points (3 top, 3 bottom, 2 each side, 3 rear), M10 threadedhardwareFinish:Black DuraFlex™ finish. White available upon request.Grille:Powder coated 14 gauge perforated steel, with acoustically trans-parent black foam backing.Input Connector:NL4 Neutrik Speakon ®and CE-compliant covered barrier stripterminals. Barrier terminals accept up to 5.2 sq mm (10 AWG)wire or max width 9 mm (.375 in) spade lugs. Speakon in paral-lel with barrier strip for loop-through.Environmental Specifications:Mil-Std 810; IP-x3 per IEC529.Dimensions (H x W x D in 548 x 561 x 657 mm vertical cabinet orientation):(21.6 x 22.1 x 25.9 in)Net Weight:29.0 kg (64 lb)Optional Accessories: M10 x 35 mm forged shoulder eyebolts with washersOptional planar array frame kit. See AE Series Bracket GuideBi-amp mode, with recommended active tuning.Resultant engineered acoustical response of crossover network and components. AES standard, one decade pink noise with 6 dB crest factor within device's operational band, free air, long-term 100 hr rating.IEC standard, full bandwidth pink noise with 6 dB crest factor, 100 hours.Calculated based on power rating and sensitivity, exclusive of power compression.JBL continually engages in research related to product improvement. Changes introduced into existing products without notice are anexpression of that philosophy.᭤AM6200/95 High Power Mid-High Frequency Loudspeaker with Rotatable HornHorizontal 1/3 Octave PolarsSS AM6200/95CRP 5M 10/04᭤AM6200/95 High Power Mid-High Frequency Loudspeaker with Rotatable HornVertical 1/3 Octave PolarsJBL Professional8500 Balboa Boulevard, P.O. Box 2200Northridge, California 91329 U.S.A.©Copyright 2002 JBL ProfessionalAHarman International Company。

The ROTEC sensors described here are designed for non-contact measurement of the rotational speed of a toothed wheel. Each sensor consists of two magnetoresistive elements and a permanent magnet enclosed in a stainless steel cylindrical housing with M10x1 outer thread. The sensor itself is entirely passive. For operation it requires an accompanying electronic unit which converts its analogue output to a TTL signal. The sensor ex-hibits minimal temperature dependence and its operation is not impaired by dirt or oil fi lms. The output signal amplitude is independent of the rotational speed. A variety of lengths and designs is available.TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS• Gearwheel frequency from ROTEC-sensors: 0,1 Hzup to 20 kHz• Frequency of the DSA: < 70 kHz • ferromagnetic target wheel module 0.6 to 2.4 pitch 1.9 mm to 7.7 mm • sensing gap: 0 to 5 mm• temperature range: -15°C to + 80°C(for high temperature sensors up to + 120°C)• min. sensitivity of DSA: 5 mV• max. input-voltage DSA: 10 VThe sensor‘s stainless steel cylindrical housing has an M10x1 outer thread. The target wheel should have a gear module in the range 0.6 to 2.4 mm, a pitch be-tween 1.9 and 7.7 mm and a thickness of at least 5 mm. A sensing gap from sensor to wheel of up to 5 mm is allowed for. Di erential magnetoresistive sen-sors need to be carefully positioned for both optimal adjustment of orientation w.r.t. the target wheel and setting of sensing distance.It is recommended to use the DSA only with ROTEC-sensors.When it is technically neccesary to use non-ROTEC-sensors, please be sure that the sensor’s output volt-age must not exceed the limitation of -10 V to +10 V, as this will cause unplausible signals at the analog scope-output and may damage the device.MEASUREMENT PRINCIPLE:rotecSPEED SENSORSMEASUREMENTSYSTEMSStandard Speed SensorsSensor Type A Sensor Type C Di erential Sensor Adapter Sensor Type BCable for Sensor Type B and CHigh temperature versionsrotecSPEED SENSORSMEASUREMENTSYSTEMS。

25hz相敏轨道电路原理25Hz相敏轨道电路是一种常用于集线器或电缆中的电路设计，用于检测信号的幅度和相位。

这种电路设计相对简单，但却非常实用，能够有效地提高信号的质量和稳定性。

25Hz相敏轨道电路中的主要组成部分包括有限增益放大器，相敏检测器和控制环。

有限增益放大器被用来放大信号的幅度，以便相敏检测器能够更准确地检测到信号的相位。

相敏检测器主要是通过比较两个信号的相位差来实现信号的检测。

控制环的目的是为了控制有限增益放大器的增益，以便保持稳定的信号输出。

在25Hz相敏轨道电路中，有限增益放大器的设计是非常关键的。

放大器的增益不能太大，否则容易引起信号的失真和不稳定。

同时，放大器的频率响应也需要满足25Hz的要求，以便能够准确地放大信号。

通常采用运算放大器作为有限增益放大器的核心元件，通过合适的电阻和电容的设计来满足25Hz的频率响应和放大器的增益要求。

相敏检测器是25Hz相敏轨道电路中的核心部分，用于检测两个信号的相位差。

相敏检测器主要分为锁相环和相移锁定环两种类型。

锁相环通过比较两个信号的相位差来产生误差信号，并通过反馈控制来调整有限增益放大器的增益。

相移锁定环则通过改变参考信号的相位来调整有限增益放大器的增益。

这两种相敏检测器都可以有效地实现信号的检测和调整。

控制环是为了保持25Hz相敏轨道电路的稳定性而设计的。

控制环中包括了一系列的控制回路和滤波器，用于通过反馈控制来稳定信号输出。

在控制环中，采用了一种称为PID控制的控制算法，通过合适的参数配置和反馈控制来调整有限增益放大器的增益，以保持25Hz相敏轨道电路的正常工作。

总的来说，25Hz相敏轨道电路是一种通过放大信号、检测相位差和控制环来实现信号稳定和优化的电路设计。

它可以有效地应用于集线器或电缆中，提高信号的质量和稳定性。

需要注意的是，在实际应用中，还需要根据具体情况进行合理的参数配置和电路优化，以满足不同应用场景的需求。

Abstract — Firstbeat Bodyguard 2 (BG2) is a beat-to-beat heart rate monitoring device which is targeted for long-term monitoring of heart rate variability (HRV) and physical activity. Device records ECG with electrodes, processes the signal with an integrated algorithm and provides beat-to-beat R-to-R interval (RRI) as an output with 1ms resolution. We tested the accuracy of the BG2 RRI extraction against standard clinical ECG derived RRI during rest and different types of physical activity (walking, running, biking) in 19 healthy volunteers. BG2 detected on average 99.95% of the heartbeats (0.05% of beats missed) and had 0.16% extra beat detection rate, with 2.96ms (0.54%) mean absolute error (MAE) in RRI as compared to the standard ECG. When Firstbeat artifact correction was applied to the data, erroneous detections were further reduced (0.04% extra detections, 0.02% missed beats). BG2 provides accurate data for HRV analysis; RMSSD difference between BG2 and clinical ECG derived HRV was -1.30ms after the artifact correction. It can be concluded that BG2 provides an accurate method for long term HRV monitoring during daily life.Index Terms —Firstbeat Bodyguard 2, RR interval, heart rate variability, accuracyI. I NTRODUCTIONHeart rate variability (HRV) provides significant clinical information about the health status of an individual [1]. Chronic stress and effort at work are related to cardiac autonomic functions and can be examined by using HRV [2]. HRV is also related to subjective well-being [3]. For any HRV analysis, accurate and error-free RRI acquisition is critical.The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of the Firstbeat BG2 device (Firstbeat Technologies Ltd, Jyväskylä, Finland) combined with an offline beat correction algorithm by Firstbeat. The accuracy of BG2 was compared to standard clinical ECG with off-line R-wave detection.II. METHODSA. SubjectsTwenty-one healthy volunteers (15 males and 6 females; 31.3 ± 10.7 years old) participated in the study. All participants were nonsmokers and physically moderately active performing some type of physical activity weekly. Two subjects were excluded from the final analysis because of lost electrode contact during the recording. Therefore, nineteen subjects were included in the statistical evaluation of accuracy.B. Testing protocolTotal testing time was 50 minutes and contained activities from rest to intensive exercise (Table 1).C. Data acquisitionRRI were acquired with the Firstbeat BG2 wearable heart rate monitor on 1ms resolution. Two-channel reference ECG signal (256Hz) was recorded with the Embla Titanium [4]. The Embla Titanium is a multi-parameter wearable recorder designed for acquiring several biosignals including ECG. The reference device electrodes were placed according to the instructions for a 2-channel Holter measurement [5]. The BG2 and disposable electrodes were set up on a subject’s body according to the instructions in the user manual. Skin was cleaned using alcohol before the placing of the electrodes. The disposable electrodes and cables were fastened with medical tape to decrease the level of possible motion artifacts.D. Signal processingThe BG2 RRI signal was derived from the device after the recording and processed with the Firstbeat artifact correction method [6]. Both original BG2 RRI and corrected BG2 RRI were used in the analysis.Jakub Parak, Ilkka Korhonen Department of Signal Processing Tampere University of TechnologyTampere, FinlandAccuracy of Firstbeat Bodyguard 2 beat-to-beatheart rate monitorTABLE IT ESTING PROTOCOL TASKS AND DURATIONActivityDuration [min]Rest sitting 4:00 Lying on bed 6:00 Standing,1:00 Walking 3km/h - 0% inclination 3:00 Walking 3km/h - 5% inclination 3:00 Walking 3km/h - 10% inclination 3:00 Walking 5km/h - 0% inclination 3:00 Walking 5km/h - 5% inclination 3:00 Walking 5km/h - 10% inclination 3:00 Running 9km/h - 0% inclination 3:00 Running 11km/h - 0% inclination 3:00 Rest sitting 6:00 Cycling 60 rpm 3:00 Cycling 90 rpm 3:00 Rest sitting 4:00The reference ECG was analyzed with the Kubios HRV tool [7]. Visual inspection was used to select the channel with better ECG RAW signal quality for every subject. An automatic R-peak detection algorithm contained in the HRV tool was applied on the selected channel. In this procedure, QRS complexes were re-sampled at 2048 Hz with sinc-interpolation prior to R-peak detection. This approach reduces the quantization error caused by low ECG sampling rate [8].Manual beat correction was performed to verify correct R- wave detection in the reference signal. Arrhythmias (ectopic beats) were identified by using algorithm for heart timing signals [9] and excluded from the final statistical evaluation and comparison. Before statistical evaluation the BG2 RRI and reference RRI signals were synchronized in time with 1 ms precision by applying cross-correlation function on the derivation of the signals.RRI detection accuracy was evaluated by the number of missed beats (%), extra detections (%), mean error, and mean absolute error (MAE) between the BG2 RRI and reference RRI. Error in HRV was evaluated by calculating the difference between RMSSD derived from both signals. Calculations were done both prior and after the artifact correction.III. R ESULTSFigures 1 and 2 show an example of the BG2 2 RRI and the reference RRI prior (Fig 1) and after (Fig 2) the artifact correction.Fig. 1. Extra and missing beats detection in original recorded data.Fig. 2. Extra and missing beats detections in offline algorithm corrected data.Table 1 contains statistical evaluation of the accuracy of the original real-time beat detected data without the artifact correction. Table 2 shows results of the detections corrected by applying the offline artifact correction algorithm.The BG2 device correctly detected 99.95% of all heartbeats. When the artifact correction was applied, 99.98% of all heartbeats were correctly detected. MAE was 2.27% after the artifact correction, and the mean difference in RMSSD was -1.30ms. This difference may be partly related to lower sampling rate of the reference ECG signal.IV. CONCLUSIONThis study explored the accuracy of the Bodyguard 2 beat-to-beat heart rate monitor. The heart rate monitor was tested in various conditions during several tasks according to the testing scenario protocol. The results showed that BG2 is an accurate device for monitoring HRV. When applied with an artifact correction, the beat detection rate is very high and allows accurate HRV analysis in various conditions.R EFERENCES[1] Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and the NorthAmerican Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology (1996). Heart rate variability: standards of measurement, physiological interpretation and clinical use. Circulation , 93 (5), 1043-65.[2] Uusitalo A et al. (2011). Heart rate variability related to effort at work.Applied Ergonomics , 42 (6), 830-838.[3] Geisler FCM. et al. (2010). The impact of heart rate variability onsubjective well-being is mediated by emotion regulation. Personality and Individual Differences, 49 (7), 723-728.[4] Embla (2011). Emba Titanium device. Available:/index.cfm/id/42/titanium [Online cited 2013 November 7][5] Schiller (2011). Schiller electrode placement for Holter MT-101 (andMT-101 nano) with 2-channel recording [Online cited 2013 November 7]. Available: /watch?v=Mwb2ZffQEtk[6] Saalasti S et al. (2004). Artefact Correction for Heartbeat Interval Data.Advanced Methods for Processing Bioelectrical Signals. Available: /userData/firstbeat/download/saalasti_et_al_pro bisi_2004_congress.pdf[7] Biosignal Analysis and Medical Imaging Group (2012). Kubios HRV- Heart Rate Variability Analysis Software [Online cited 2013 November 7]. Available: http://kubios.uef.fi/KubiosHRV/[8] Tarvainen M. P. et al. (2013). Kubios HRV - Heart rate variability analysissoftware. Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine, in press. [9] Mateo J and Laguna P (2003). Analysis of heart rate variability in thepresence of ectopic beats using the heart timing signal. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 50 (3), 334-343.Time [s]R R I [s ]Firstbeat original dataTime [s]R R I [s ]Firstbeat corrected dataTABLE IIS TATISTICAL EVALUATION OF THE ORIGINAL RECORDED DATA (R EAL-TIME BEAT DETECTIONS IN B ODYGUARD DEVICE)Activity Extra beats [%] Missing beats [%] Mean error[ms]Mean absoluteerror [ms]Mean absoluteerror [%]RMSSD error[ms]rest 0.45 0.26 -0.70 4.31 0.67 7.99 walking 0.19 0.08 -0.30 2.81 0.47 4.44 running 0.96 1.12 1.50 10.42 2.34 20.54 cycling 0.06 0.06 0.10 2.93 0.55 7.50 global 0.37 0.30 -0.06 4.45 0.83 9.87TABLE IIIS TATISTICAL EVALUATION OF THE OFFLINE CORRECTED DATA (O FFLINE ARTIFACT CORRECTION ALGORITHM IN F IRSTBEAT S PORTS SW)Activity Extra beats [%] Missing beats [%] Mean error[ms]Mean absoluteerror [ms]Mean absoluteerror [%]RMSSD error[ms]rest 0.07 0.03 -0.21 2.43 0.32 -3.18 walking 0.00 0.00 -0.02 1.79 0.26 1.38 running 0.12 0.09 -0.46 2.97 0.72 -2.48 cycling 0.00 0.00 -0.02 2.30 0.40 1.92 global 0.04 0.02 -0.16 2.27 0.38 -1.30。

2023歌尔声学笔试题目2023歌尔声学笔试题目一、声学基础知识1. 请解释什么是声音的频率，并说明其与音高之间的关系。

2. 什么是共振现象？请举例说明。

3. 请解释声音的反射、折射和衍射，并分别举一个例子说明。

4. 请解释什么是声音的幅度，并说明其与音量之间的关系。

5. 请解释噪声的产生原因，并提出减少噪声的方法。

二、声学仪器及测量1. 请解释什么是声级，并说明如何用分贝来表示声级的大小。

2. 请说明声纳的原理及应用。

3. 请解释声波谱仪的原理及其在声学研究中的应用。

4. 请说明麦克风的工作原理，并分析导致麦克风信号失真的因素。

5. 请解释声学排空仪的原理，并说明其在建筑声学研究中的应用。

三、声音的传播与控制1. 请解释声音在空气中的传播特点，并说明导致声音传播损耗的因素。

2. 请解释扩声器的工作原理，并分析导致扩声器功率输出不稳定的原因。

3. 请分析并说明建筑中的声场处理方法。

4. 请分析并说明降噪装置的工作原理及其在实际场景中的应用。

5. 请分析并说明声音放大器的原理及其在音响领域中的应用。

四、声学研究与应用1. 请分析并说明声音在医学领域中的应用。

2. 请分析并说明声音在通信领域中的应用。

3. 请分析并说明声音在逆境环境中的传播特点及应对方法。

4. 请分析并说明声音在交通运输领域中的应用，并提出改善城市交通噪声的建议。

5. 请分析并说明声音在艺术创作中的应用。

五、声学实验与测量1. 设计一个实验以测量不同材料的声速，并分析实验过程和结果处理方法。

2. 设计一个实验以测量不同频率的声音在空气中的传播距离，并分析实验过程和结果的影响因素。

3. 设计一个实验以测量不同噪声源的声音强度，并分析实验过程和结果的不确定性。

4. 设计一个实验以测量音响系统的频率响应特性，并分析实验过程和结果的可靠性。

5. 设计一个实验以测量声波的衍射现象，并分析实验过程和结果的解释。

六、声学理论与数学1. 请解释声学中的速度、波长和频率之间的数学关系。

fu25电子管参数
FU25电子管参数：
1. 中心角频率：这是一种大功率三极管，其中心角频率为450 kHz。

2. 静态输入阻抗：FIU25的静态输入阻抗约为800 ohms，远低于必须抵抗差分变换的管子。

3. 最大散热器功率：散热器上可安装的最大功率为25瓦，可以满足大功率的应用
需求。

4. 钳位电压：最大钳位电压为700 V。

5. 共模输出：FIU25共模输出电压约为21 V，电流约为2.6 A。

6. 三极管电容：FIU25中极管电容为最大6 pF。

7. 输出动态阻抗：FIU25的输出动态阻抗约为7.5 ohms，可以抵抗高频信号的变化。

8. 最大工作温度：FIU25最大工作温度约为175摄氏度。

9. 中继电压：FIU25中继电压最大为200 V。

10. 旁路电容：FIU25旁路电容约为2.2 pF。

FU25电子管是一种大功率三极管，它具有良好的散热性能，具有较高的功率
使用寿命，其性能参数如下：
FU25电子管在有效抵抗差分变换所需的抗串联阻抗的同时，具有很高的功率
使用寿命、散热性能等性能优势，是一种很受欢迎的大功率三极管。

它的输出电压和电流均更高，可以满足更高功率应用的需求。

另外，FIU25的三极管电容仅为
6pF，可以克服噪音问题，从而更加准确地处理信号，并可以提供更加便捷的数据
传输。

FIU25的最大钳位电压也增加到700V，这也是该大功率三极管非常受欢迎
的一个很大原因。

SPEEDAM 2006International Symposium on Power Electronics, Electrical Drives, Automation and MotionA Measurement Campaign on Audio Frequency Track Circuits of Italian High Speed Railway Systems M. C. Falvo *, E. Fedeli **, and R. Lamedica * * Department of Electrical Engineering - University of Rome La Sapienza, Via Eudossiana,18 –ROME (Italy )** Ferrovie dello Stato S.p.A. -Rete Ferroviaria Italiana - Direzione Tecnica, Via Marsala, 9 – ROME (Italy )Abstract -- The new high speed railway lines, under construction in Italy, are electrified in 2x25 kHz – 50 Hz and adopt a signaling system with audio frequency track circuits (AF-TC), ranging from 2.1 kHz to 16.5 kHz.On this type of TC preliminary studies of the compatibility are required inorder to test their correct operation. To this aim ameasurement campaign on the AF-TC of the new HighSpeed Railway System Rome-Naples has been made. Fromthe measurement results and their post-elaboration, basedon accuracy and uncertainty analysis, the AF- TC voltageprofile has been drawn with some interesting considerationabout the operation of the AF-TC, that are reported in the present paper.Index Terms -- High Speed Railway System, AudioFrequency Track Circuit,Measurement CampaignI.I NTRODUCTIONThe new high speed railway lines,under construction in Italy, are electrified in 2x25kHz – 50 Hz and adopt a signaling system with audio frequency track circuits (AF-TC), ranging from 2.1 kHz to 16.5kHz [1]-[3].It is well known that interferences between the traction and signaling curren t on t he t rack circui t s (TC) are possible because of t he harmonic curren t s t ha tare inject ed in t he line and on t he rails by t he mot or drive equipment [4]. In fact t he new locomot ives, equipped wit h elect ronic st at ic convert ers, push a t ract ion current hat present s a harmonic spect rum, due t o t he cont rol sys ems, which con ains audio frequencies. Since he t racks are the means of propaga t ion of t rac tion and signaling current s, int erference problems in t he st andard opera tion could occur wi t h possible impac ton t ranspor t a tion regulari t y.Really t his elemen t is no t anyway sufficient to determine a not proper operation of t he t rack circuit t hat is exclusively possible in t he case that rail currents in the track circuit operational bands areunbalanced and amplified. In this case track circuits canbe affec ted by unexpec t ed occupa t ions t ha tmaycompromise the sys tem availabili t y degree and t hetransportation regularity.This work was support ed by RFI (Ret e Ferroviaria It aliana) in t heframe of a Research Projec twi th the Depar tmen tof Elec trical Engineering in University of Rome La Sapienza (January-June 2005)So t he choice of audio range for TC opera t ionalfrequency has been just made for avoiding int erference problems between the traction and signaling current.Other compatibility problems regards directly the AF-TC operation.It is known that the trackside components for t he AF-TC are t he t rack coupling unit s, capacit ive compensators, and S joints.The t rack coupling unit int erfaces t he TC wit h t he receiver and transmitter circuits, and provides for tuning them to the track circuit carrier frequency.The S joint is used instead of mechanical insulated joints and define the track circuit boundaries.In order t o enforce t he elect rical insulat ion bet weenadjacent t rack circuit s, different frequencies are used incycled way, and against the daphnia different frequenciesare used for two lines tracks.Finally t hroughou t t he t racks, some capaci t ive compensators are mounted with the aim of reducing trackat t enuat ion and guarant eeing minimum phase dist ort ioncondition.In light of that, it is clear that a good operation of the AF- TC is strongly related to:-the control of the signal attenuation in function of the TC length and the capacitive compensators use;-t he con t rol of t he elec t rical insula t ion be t weenadjacen t TC t hrough t he righ t calibra t ion of t he receiver and t ransmi t t er circui t s on t he carrier frequency, and the S joint use;-the control of the possible interferences between the traction and signaling current on the TC [5].All these aspects can be tested both using a validated model of t he whole sys t em (t rac tion and signaling syst ems) and realizing a measurement campaign on t he AF-TC.In [6]and [7] the models,implemented in Alternative Transien t Program (ATP)[8], t o simula te the audio frequency behaviour of he rack circui s and of he electrification system have been presented.Wit h t he same aim and for t he models validat ion, ameasurement campaign on t he AF-TC of t he new HighSpeed Railway System Rome-Naples has been made. Themain resul s are repor ed in his paper;in par icular,Sec tion 1 repor t s t he sys t em descrip tion; Sec t ion 2con t ains measuremen tins t rumen t a tion layou t and fea t ures explana t ion; in Sec t ion 3 and in Sec t ion 4measurement s result s and harmonic analysis have been repor t ed respec t ively; Sec t ion 5 explains uncer t ain tyanalysis for ident ifying t he measurementand analyt ical errors and Section 6reports the main conclusions.II.S YSTEM D ESCRIPTIONThe Ialian high speed railway ne work adop s a ypical 2x25 kV – 50 Hz configurat ion, as shown infigure 1, ha includes HV/55 kV double secondary t ransformers, 55/27,5 kV aut ot ransformers, cont act wire (CW), messenger (M), feeders (FD), rail re urn wires The charac eris ic geome rical disposi ion of an embankment/cutting line section is illustrated in figure 2;similar configurat ions are valid for viaduct line sect ions and tunnel sections where differences regard basically the position of feeders, returns wires (RW) and ground wires The I t alian high speed railway sys t em adop t s a signaling sys t em t o highes t specifica t ion, Level II ERTMS. It includes on-board and t rackside equipment ,which supervises t rain opera t ion under every t raffic condi tion, in real-t ime. The t rain de t ec tion signaling syst em is based on t he uses of audio-frequency t rack circuits.The required supporting trackside components for the AF-TC are t he t rack coupling uni t s, capaci t ive compensators, and S joints.Fig. 3.Track Circuit lay-outThe t rack coupling unit int erfaces t he t rack signals wit h t he card-file receiver and t ransmit t er circuit s, and provides for tuning to the track circuit carrier frequency,as required for the track loops, with one its own jumper-adjusted capacitor bank.The S joint consist s of a few met ers cable t hat is connect ed bet ween t he t wo rails wit h t he end of t he Sbonded to each rail. Single turn track loops are mounted inside t he upper and lower part s of t he S. S joint s areused because there are no mechanical insulated joints that define the track circuit boundaries.Which track does the t ransmit t ing or receiving is det ermined by t he direct ionrelays located at the rear of the card-file.In order t o enforce t he elect rical insulat ion bet ween adjacent t rack circuit s, t hree different frequencies havebeen used in cycled way,wit h superimposed prot ect ion codes. Instead different frequencies are used for two linestracks against the daphnia.Throughout t he t racks, some capacit ive compensat ors are mounted with the aim of:- reducing t rack a t t enua t ion, considering t ha t the minimum value acceptable in reception is 0.4V;minimum phase distortion condition. campaign concerns an AF-TC on New High Speed Railway LineRome -NapleFig. 4. Rome Naple high speed .railway lineThe line adop t s 4 t ype of AF-TC t ha tdiffer for coupling circuits between the unit and the track loop and for t he operat ional frequencies (from 2.1 kHz t o 16.5kHz).Besides every t ype of AF-TC is charact erized by six opera tional frequencies, whose t wo are used for theturnout tracks.The ot her operat ional frequencies are assigned t o t he two ways: the even ones on the up line, and the odd ones on the down line, against the daphnia, as shown in table I.TABLE IAF-TC F REQUENCIESUp Line Down Line Turnout Tracks f1f2f0f3f4f7f5f6In part icular t he operat ional frequencies range of t hefour type of AF-TC are reported in table II:TABLE IIAF-TC F REQUENCIES R ANGEAF-TC Type OperationalfrequenciesrangeOperational Frequencies For Up Line OperationalFrequenciesFor DownLine Operational Frequencies For Turnout Tracks 1° Type (with capacitive compensator)1900y4300 Hz 2100 Hz,2900 Hz,3700 Hz: 2500 Hz,3300 Hz,4100 Hz: 1900 Hz e 4300 Hz 2° Type (with capacitive compensator)3750y 7250 Hz 4250 Hz,5250 Hz,6250 Hz 4750 Hz,5750 Hz,6750 Hz: 3750 Hz e 7250 Hz 3° Type (without capacitive compensator)3750y 7250 Hz 4250 Hz,5250 Hz,6250 Hz: 4750 Hz,5750 Hz,6750 Hz: 3750 Hz e 7250 Hz 4° Type (with out capacitive compensator)9500y 16500 Hz10500 Hz,12500 Hz,14500 Hz11500 Hz,13500 Hz,15500 Hz9500 Hz e 16500 HzThe AF-TC that has been analyzed is a 1° type AF-TC,and has the features reported in table III.TABLE III AF-TC F EATURESOperational Frequency 2.5 kHz Operational Frequencies of adjacent AF-TC 3.2 kHz (on the start side)4.1 kHz (on the end side)Maximum Ballast Conductivity 0,2 S/kmAF-TC Length 1670m Capacitive Compensator Step 100m Compensator Capacitive Value 25P FS Joint Length 18,6 m y 27 mIII.M EASUREMENT I NSTRUMENTATION :L AYOUT AND F EATURESThe measurement campaign has been carried out by day, with optimal wheatear conditions (20°C, no rain in progress and in the last days that means dry ballast). The track circuit is placed for 670 m in open space and for 1 km in nat ural gallery. The higher humidit y degree in gallery didn’t influence the voltage measurements.The voltage measurement system includes: - a skilled system of two probes;- a portable oscillograph.The probes are home-made using a 20 mm 2copper cable 2,1 m long wi t h t erminals cons t i t u t ed by two copper sheets mounted on ferromagnetic flat supports fora steady attach to the rail, as shown in figure 5.Fig. 5. Skilled system of two probes.The portable oscillograph allows he record of he volt age measurement in t he t ime domain on a memory card in binary or ASCII format. The scale size adopted is 10 V.Fig. 6. Portable oscillograph.The main feat ures of t he inst rument are report ed in table IV:TABLE IVP ORTABLE O SCILLOGRAPH F EATURESScale Size 10V (1mV/div)Voltage range ±10.00V Accuracy ± 1% of Scale Size +1mV Noise (without filter) 2.0mV p-p Resolution A/D 12 bit Pass Band 40kHzMaximum Sampling Step 40kSample/sInput Impedance 1M ȍ (±1%), 5pF (at 40kHz)IV.M EASUREMENTS R ESULTSOn this track circuit the following measurements havebeen carried out:- a voltage measurement every 10 m;- a vol tage measuremen tin correspondence of each capacitance compensator (almost every 100 m);- a vol t age measuremen t in correspondence of each impedance bond;- a volt age measurement in correspondence of each S joint start and end;-10 m before track circuit start and after track circuit end. Besides all t he measurement s (for each point )have been performed in t ime field, for a 20 ms period (t hat means 800 samples t hanks t o 40 kSample/s resolut ion),as shown in figure 7.For t his t ime domain profile it is already clear t he presence of some harmonic componen t s, wi t h characteristic frequencies that are different form the AF-TC opera ional frequency, ha involve in he vol age ampli t ude and frequency variabili t y. The ampli t ude variability is obviously also associated to the number of samplings of the oscillograph.V. H ARMONIC A NALYSIS AND V OLTAGE P ROFILE For each measuremen a Fourier analysis has been performed, in order to get the harmonic spectrum.The Discre te Fourier Transform (DFT) has beenadopt ed, aut omat ically implement ed wit h Mathematica3.0soft ware. The result s have been report ed in figure 8.a), 8.b)and 8.c):Fig. 8. Voltage harmonic spectra at 0m, 810 m,1670mThe DFT analysis shows that characteristic frequencies of the adjacent track circuits are strongly present close to the AF-TC ends.As example figure 8.a) repor t s vol t age harmonicspectrum at the distance 0 m (TC start point) and puts in evidence that a relevant component at 3.3kHz (frequencyof st art side adjacent AF-TC) is present , and figure 8.c)report s t he volt age harmonic spect rum at t he dist ance 1670 m (TC end poin ) and pu s in evidence ha arelevant component at 4.1kHz (frequency of end sideadjacent AF-TC)is present.In order o ge vol age profile of he only AT-FC operat ional frequency signal (2,5 kHz ± 200 Hz), t he RMS value has been calculated and reported in figure9:Fig. 9. Voltage profile (RMS value for 2,5 kHz± 200 Hz)As shown in figure 9, the voltage profile is composed by a decreasing linear component, associable to the signal at enuat ion, and a periodical component wit h a spat ial period of 100 m, due t o t he presence of capaci tive compensators.VI.U NCERTAINTY A NALYSIS :M EASUREMENT ANDA NALYTICAL E RRORS The last step of the measurement data elaboration has been t he uncer t ain t y analysis of measuremen ts and analytical errors, with the aim of filtering voltage profile from the errors associated to:x the home-made probes, with an impact on the singlesample;x t he oscillograph, wi t h an impac t on t he singlesample;x the DFT algorithm and sampling,with an impact onthe RMS value [9].The procedure adop ted has been repor t ed in the scheme of figure 10.From t he measurement point , t he former error is t he probes one t hat get a volt age reduct ion in funct ion of their impedance that could be calculated experimentally.The next error is the oscillograph one that is associated to many factors, but in particular to the quantization.Thisis t he error linked t o t he limit ed number of bit t hat t he A/D convert er uses for t he binary represent at ion of t he measurements.The sampling and DFT errors are closely related to the sampling step,that is 40kSample/s, that means to get 800samples in a 20 ms window. These errors have been evaluated using Mathematica 3.0 software [7].The results obtained are reported in table V.T ABLE V M EASUREMENT E RRORSUncertainty Source ValueProbes 0,00003%Oscillograph ±1% on 10V+1mVDFT and Sampling0,931%Fig. 10. Uncertainties individuation algorithmTable V shows that it is possible to disregard the errors associa t ed t o t he probes and t o regard t he errors associated to oscillograph and to DFT and sampling.In t his case, t he final vol t age profile wi t h i t s uncertainty band is the following:Fig. 11. Voltage profile (RMS value for 2,5 kHz± 200 Hz)with uncertainty bandAs shown in figure 11, the voltage profile is composed by a decreasing linear component, associable to the signalat enuat ion, and a periodical component wit h a spat ial period of 100 m, due t o t he presence of capaci tivecompensators.VII. C ONCLUSIONSThe paper repor t s t he resul ts of a measuremen tcampaign on an audio frequency track circuit (AF-TC)of he new High Speed Railway Sys em (Rome-Naples),made by the Power System Research Group in Rome.From the measuremen t resul t s and t heir pos t -elaborat ion, based on accuracy and uncert aint y analysis, t he vol t age profile has been drawn wi t h in t eres t ing general consideration about the operation of the AF-TC.In particular it is worth to point out that:1.The use of capaci t ive compensa t ors allows thereduction of the signal attenuation on the TC length;so their presence is fundamental for the right AF-TC opera t ion and also in order t o ge t t he op timal technical economical choice on the TC length.2.The electrical insulation between adjacent TC is nottotally guaranteed by the S joint use, so that the right calibration of the receiver and transmitter circuits on the carrier frequency is very relevant for the AF-TC operation.3.It is possible t o have int erference problem bet ween the traction and signaling current on the TC. Then itis in progress an EMC harmonic gabarit t hat willdefine t he boundary levels bet ween t he maximumt rac t ion curren t harmonic con t en t and the susceptibility level of Track Circuits. R EFERENCES[1]Lucio Mayer: Impianti Ferroviari , CIFI, Roma[2]Council Direc tive 96/48/EC - 23 July 1996 on Theinteroperability of the trans-European high-speed rail system , Official Journal L 235 , 17/09/1996.[3]Commission Decision 2002/731/EC 30 May 2002 on Thetechnical specification for interoperability relating to the control-command and signalling subsystem of the trans-European high-speed rail system , Official Journal L 245, 12/9/2002.[4]Fedeli E., First experimental results from EMC campaignon interference between new High Speed railway line Roma-Napoli and traditional line signalling systems , Proc. of IEEE SPEEDAM 2004, June 2004.[5]Giulii Capponi F.; Caricchi F.; Del Ferraro L.; Fedeli E.,Measurement of Traction Current Harmonics on the Track Circuits of the Rome-Naples High-Speed Railway , Proc. ofIEEE SPEEDAM 2009, May 2006.[6]Falvo M.C.; Fedeli E. ; Lamedica R.: A simulation model of audio-frequency track circuits , Proc. of SPRTS Conference, October 2005.[7]Bartoni R.; Falvo M.C.; Fedeli E. ; Lamedica R.: An Audio Frequency Model of a 2x25 kV Traction Line for High Speed Railway Systems , Proc. of WSEAS Power ’05 Conference, December 2005. [8]ATP User Guide[9]Be t ta G.; Liguori C.; A. Pie t rosan to: Propagation of uncertainty in a Discrete Fourier Transform algorithm ,Elsevier Science -Measurements, 2000。

for the 500 Series rack formatPRE-573 PREMIERINTRODUCTIONCongratulations on choosing the Golden Age Project PRE-573 PREMIER microphone preamplifier!The PRE-573 PREMIER is a one-channel vintage style microphone, line and instrument preamplifier. Thesignal path uses only discrete components like resistors, capacitors and transistors. The microphone andline input and the line output are transformer balanced, using two different transformers, each one opti-Array mized for its purpose.This is the way audio components were built before integrated circuits became available. The subjectivesound quality delivered by vintage equipment is often prefered to the one delivered by modern units, a situa-tion that is even more obvious now when music is recorded with clean sounding digital audio equipment.The circuit used in the PRE-573 PREMIER is similar to the preamp section in the classical 1073 module witha corresponding sound character that is warm, punchy, sweet and musical. These classic characteristicshave been heard on countless recordings through the years and it is a versatile sound that works very wellon most sound sources and in most genres. The essence of this sound is now available at a surprisingly lowcost, making it available to nearly everyone.FEATURES- Vintage Style electronics. No integrated circuits in the signal path.- UK-made Carnhill in- and output transformer. The output is balanced and fully floating and can drive a 600ohm load up to level of about 28 dBu.- Maximum gain in MIC mode is 80 dB, enough to handle passive ribbon mics with quiet sound sources.- The total gain range goes from -10 to +80 dB. The 20 to 70 dB range (in MIC mode) is handled by a turnswitch and a toggle switch selects an additional 5 or 10 dB gain.- Switchable impedance on the mic input, 1200 or 300 ohms, will change the tone of many mics.- The input can be configured to accept line level signals by another switch, the level is then lowered byabout 30 dB and the input impedance increased to about 10 kohm.- A selectable two-position 6 dB / octave highpass filter with fres of about 45 or 180 Hz.- A flexible front panel instrument input for electric guitar or bass that can be switched between a highimpedance active or a mid-Z passive mode. These two DI-options makes it possible to get different tonesfrom instruments. Mains connected sound modules or other signal sources should be connected to the MIC/LINE input of the 500-rack, unless they have a fully floating, transformer balanced output stage.- The output level control makes it possible to make fine gain adjustments and also to overload the maingain stage(s) for more character and then lower the signal to a suitable level before the output stage.- Insert jack for inserting Golden Age Project and Premier 500 Series eq and effect units. The insert is acti-vated by removing a jumper at the back of the module.- A soft start circuit that ramps up the supply voltage slowly (~10 sec.) to avoid a power-on current surge.- Phase switch and switchable phantom power with a LED indicator.- Selectable AIR equalizer adds a boost of about 6 dB centered at 30 kHz.- A simple but effective signal and overload indicator is offered by a single LED that starts glowing red atabout +4 dBu and then increases its intensity up to the maximum output level.- Tantalum and polystyrene capacitors used in the traditional positions.- The 6.8 kohm phantom power resistors are matched to within 0.1% to maintain good common-mode rejec-tion in the circuit.- Selectable 600 ohm output termination at the back of the module.- Circuit board star grounding scheme.- A solid build quality that will last many years of normal use.W W W.G O L D E N A G E P R E M I E R.C O M ICIRCUIT DESCRIPTIONThe signal first enters an input transformer.The primary of the input transformer hastwo windings that are either connected inseries or in parallell which results in aninput impedance of either 1200 Ohm or 300Ohm (in MIC mode).The transformer are followed by two inputgain stages. For gains up to 40 dB, only oneof them is being used. For gains from 45 dB and up, the second gain stage is inserted in the signal path. Both gain stages uses only three transistors each.The signal then goes to the Insert connector with its bypass jumper, to the output level potentiometer and from there on to the output stage. This stage again only uses three transistors, the last one in the chain is a hefty 2N3055 power transistor run in class-A mode, driving the output transformer.So, all in all, the complete signal chain only contains a maximum of nine active elements. Compare that to the big number of transistors that are usu-ally used in one single integrated circuit!USING THE PRE-573 PREMIERUsing a preamplifier is not rocket science. Here are some points though to help you getting the maximum out of the PRE-573 PREMIER:As a start, mount the module in a 500 series rack unit. There are several alternatives available from different manufacturers, the PRE-573 PREMIER should work fine in most of them. Make sure that the rack unit power supply is turned off when you mount or remove the PRE-573 PREMIER.MIC / LINE INPUTConnect your Mic or Line source to the input connector on the 500 rack unit corresponding to the slot where the PRE-573 PREMIER is placed.For Microphone sources:1. Set the MIC - LINE switch in the MIC position.2. Set the MIC/LINE - ACTIVE DI switch in the MIC/LINE position.3. Set the PASSIVE DI switch in the downward off position.4. Engage +48 V if the connected mic needs phantom power. It is good procedure to always disengage the phantom power and wait for about 10 seconds before unplugging a mic.The 300 - 1200 switch will select the input impedance. 1200 ohm is the normal position for most mics. Lowering the mic input impedance to 300 ohm will change the tone of many microphones and will give you one more soundshaping option.For Line level sources:1. Set the MIC - LINE switch in the LINE position.2. Set the MIC/LINE - ACTIVE DI switch in the MIC/LINE position.3. Set the PASSIVE DI switch in the downward off position.The LINE input mode will attenuate the input signal with about 30 dB and also increase the input impedance to about 10 kohm.If you want the smallest amount of coloration, always set the OUTPUT LEVEL potentiometer at or close to maximum, and adjust the output level with the stepped GAIN switch.The +10 - 0 - +5 dB switch should normally be in the 0 position but you can set it to +5 or +10 dB anytime you want to add gain.The +5 and +10 dB positions of this switch corresponds to the -75 and -80 dB positions (with the PRE-573 PREMIER GAIN switch set to 70 dB) and the -45 and -50 dB positions (with the PRE-573 PREMIER GAIN switch set to 40 dB ) in the classical 1073 unit.This setup makes it possible to use both gain stages also for gains of 45 and 50 dB (with the +10 - 0 - +5 switch set to 0) for some added character.If you want more character, turn the OUTPUT LEVEL potentiometer counter-clockwise and increase the gain with the GAIN switch. This will drive the input gain stage(s) harder and provoke more character from them.DI INSTRUMENT INPUTInstruments that are not connected to the mains AC power line can be con-nected to the DI instrument TRS input on the front panel.The DI input has two selectable modes, Passive and Active. The Active mode uses a FET-buffer and has an input impedance of about 1,5 Mohm. The signal is fed through the input transformer and then onwards to the gain stage(s).The Passive mode feeds the signal from the TRS jack directly to the gain stage(s). It has an input impedance of about 100 kohm.To use Active mode:1. Set the MIC/LINE - ACTIVE DI switch to the ACTIVE DI position.2. Set the PASSIVE DI switch in the off position, ie, the downward one.To use Passive mode:Set the PASSIVE DI switch in the On position, ie, the upward one.PLEASE NOTE:- DO NOT use a higher GAIN than about 70 dB in Passive mode and 50 dB in Active mode (you can try it if needed but self oscillation might occur). GAIN might have to be decreased a bit further when Air EQ is engaged to avoid self oscillation.- The DI input in Active mode has a much higher sensitivity than in Passive mode so GAIN must be set lower than in Passive mode for the same output level. The input impedance is also much higher so the DI input will load the connected instrument less compared to the DI in Passive mode.- The tone of most instrument will differ in the two modes giving you several sound options.- Some instruments will sound and work better in one of these modes, the best way of finding out is to experiment.- Signal sources connected to the 500 rack input can remain connected when you use the DI input.- DO NOT connect equipment to the DI input (unless they have a fully float-ing, transformer balanced output). It is only intended for instruments like guitars and basses. For all other signal sources, do use the MIC/LINE input on the 500-rack. The reason is that the internal ground of the module and hence the DI-input jack IS NOT the same as the 500 rack ground.OTHER FUNCTIONSThe three position HP1 - OFF - HP2 highpass filter switch is located close to the OUTPUT LEVEL control. The HP1 position has a -3dB frequency of about 45 Hz. The HP2 position has a -3dB frequency of about 180 Hz,The three position AIR - OFF - PHASE switch works like this:1. The Phase position simply reverses the phase by reversing the wires from the secondary winding of the output transformer. Reversing the phase of the signal is useful on a number of occasions, one is phase reversing the the lower mic on a snare drum to make it sum in phase with the upper mic.2. In the middle position of the switch, phase is not reversed.3. Putting the switch in the upper AIR position adds a boost of about 6 dB centered at about 30 Khz. It will affect the range from about 5 kHz and up. There is an unbalanced insert connector located at the back of the unit where you can insert Golden Age Project/Premier 500 Series effect mod-ules. The operating level is about -18 dBu. To activate the insert, the jumper located close to the connector must be removed.The output transformer used in the PRE-573 PREMIER is designed for having an ideal load of about 600 ohm. The input impedance of most modern units is 10 kohm or more. The PRE-573 PREMIER has a jumper selectable 600 ohm output termination resistor. The jumper, which is located at the back of the unit, is connected from factory to set the load to the ideal 600 ohm when modern units are connected after the PRE-573 PREMIER. Disengaging the termination resistor by removing the TERM jumper will result in a slightly higher output level. The jumper should always be discon-nected if an old-style unit with a low input impenace like 600 ohms is con-nected after the PRE-573 PREMIER.WARRANTYThe PRE-573 PREMIER is built to last. But as in any electronic device, com-ponents can break down. If the unit has a problem and will need repair, you should contact the reseller where you bought the unit.The warranty period is decided by the Distributor for your country. The Distributor will support Golden Age Premier resellers and end users with repairs and spare parts.REGISTRATIONYou are welcome to register your unit at: ---------------------------I would like to thank you for chosing the PRE-573 PREMIER!I hope it will serve you well and that it will help you in makingmany great sounding recordings.Bo MedinHandmade high end pro audio for a lot less than you would expect!W W W.G O L D E N A G E P R E M I E R.C O M。

SOLAR MODEL 8850-2200 WattHIGH POWER SWEEPGENERATORforconducted audio frequency susceptibility testingAPPLICATIONThe Model 8850-2 200 watt High Power Sweep Generator was specifically designed for use with the Solar Audio Isolation Transformers in making audio frequency susceptibility test as required by Mil-Std-461E/F CS101. This high power unit is especially suited for rapidly making tests in the shielded room.When used with the Type 6220-1A or 6220-2 Audio Isolation Transformer, the combination enable the injection of sinewave audio voltages into active power lines supplying power to Equipment Under Test (EUT).DESCRIPTIONThe Model 8850-2 Power Sweep Generator provides audio power in a manually tuned or sweeping mode for four frequency bands covering 30 Hz to 150 KHz. The sweep rate is compliant with the requirements of Mil-Std-461F for an analog scan, approximately 0.0333 x frequency of oscillation per second.The frequency in kHz and output lever in volts r.m.s are continuously displayed on two digital front panel meters.When used in conjunction with the Type 7021-1 Phase Shift Network and the Type 6220-1A Audio Isolation Transformer,provision is made for sensing the audio voltage being injected into the EUT and displaying it on the digital panel meter. In this arrangement, the unit maintains a constant injection level (up to a maximum of 7.5 volts r.m.s ) as the frequency is scanned to 50 kHz.SPECIFICATIONSFrequency Range:.........30Hz to 150 Khz in four bands Frequency Stability:....................<2250 ppm/C Output Power:......... 200 watt into 2.0 S non-inductive Output Impedance:........................... 2.0S Output Voltage:....>20 volts RMS into 2.0 S non-inductive Output Current:.............15amps maximum at 1kHz Output Level:.........Manually controlled by panel knob. Continuously displayed on digital panel meter.Sweep Duration:..0.0333 x frequency of oscillation per sec.Remote Sense:Automatically maintains output voltage at the level set by operator up to7.5 V.r.m.s. as frequency is scanned to 50 kHzOutput Level Drift:.....................Less then 0.5%Overload Protection:.....Automatic shut down for excess temperature, over-voltage, or over-current conditions in output circuit.Power RequirementsPower Source ...................115/230 V 60/50 Hz Power Line Fuses 115 V ..............12amperes (2)Power Line Fuses 230 V ...............5amperes (2)Physical DimensionsNet Weight ........................39Lbs (17.7.Kg)Shipping Weight ....................45Lbs (20.4.Kg)Height .........................9.12Inches (22.2cm)Width ........................17.12Inches (43.5cm)Depth ........................13.50Inches (34.3cm)FEATURES#Manual or automatic sweep from 30 Hz to 150 kHz.#Digital display of frequency and output voltage level or injected voltage level.# Remote sensing of voltage being injected into the EquipmentUnder Test.#Automatic leveling of output voltage as frequency is scanned or swept to 50 kHz#Low Output Impedance for greater transfer of audio power #Protective circuits prevent damage to output stage caused by power frequency feedback in typical a.c. tests setups.#Up to 200 watts output into 2.0 ohm resistive loadAVAILABLE ACCESSORIESSOLAR Type 6220-1A Audio Isolation TransformerUse for injecting output of 8850-21 in series with the power line to test sample as required by test method CS101, Mil-Std-461E/F SOLAR Type 7032-1 Isolation TransformerUse for removing power ground from the case of scope or voltmeter.SOLAR Type 8810-1 Impedance Matching TransformerPlugs into output terminals to step up the output to 50 ohms impedance. Use when 50 ohm signal source in needed.SOLAR Type 8811-1 Wide Range TransformerPlugs into output terminals to provide up to 115 volts rms at 200 e as a power source for frequencies from 30 Hz to 2 kHz.SOLAR Type 9138-1 Step-up TransformerPlugs into output terminals to provide up to 2 KV into 20 kilo-ohms load, 3 kHz to 30 kHz.Solar Electronics Company a division of A..T. Parker Inc .10866 Chandler Boulevard North Hollywood, California 91601Phone:818-755-1700,Fax:818-755-0078,Email:*******************9/16/20111981。

FOXBORO ®The FBM214 HART ® Communication Input Interface Module provides eight input channels, each accepting a 4 to 20mA analog signal or a digital HART signal superimposed on a 4 to 20 mA analog input signal.FEATURESKey features of the FBM214 module are:Eight analog input channels, each accepting oneof the following inputs:•Standard 4 to 20 mA analog sensor signal •Digital HART Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) signal superimposed on a 4 to 20 mA analog input signal.FSK modem dedicated to each input channel forbi-directional digital communications with a HART field deviceAnalog to digital conversion of each of the 4to20mA input signals from the HART devicesSupport for the HART universal commandsnecessary to interface the field device with the I/A Series ® system databaseGalvanic isolation of the group of 8 inputchannels from ground and module logicCompact, rugged design suitable for enclosure inClass G3 (harsh) environmentsHigh accuracy achieved by sigma-delta dataconversions for each channelTermination Assemblies (TAs) for locally orremotely connecting field wiring to the FBM214Termination Assemblies for per channel internallyand/or externally loop powered transmitters.PSS 21H-2Z14 B4 Page 2OVERVIEWThe FBM214 HART Communication Input Interface Module contains eight 4to20mA group isolated analog input channels. The FBM214 supports any mix of standard 4to20mA devices and HART devices.The FBM214 serves as a HART communications field device host, enabling the I/A Series system to request and receive two digital messages per second from the field device. The message pass-through capability can be used to support HART universal, common practice, and device-specific commands, but not the burst communication mode. These commands are implemented using the Intelligent Field Device Configurator (IFDC — refer toPSS 21S-8A3 B3 for details).The FBM214 provides a common isolated power supply to power all eight channels. Optionally, the channels can be powered by an external power supply. However, when a common external power supply is used with two or more channels, a Cable Balun module is required to prevent channel cross talk.COMPACT DESIGNThe FBM214 has a compact design, with a rugged extruded aluminum exterior for physical protection of the circuits. Enclosures specially designed for mounting the FBMs provide various levels of environmental protection, up to harsh environments per ISA Standard S71.04.HIGH ACCURACYFor high accuracy, the module incorporates a Sigma-Delta converter which can provide new analog input values for each channel every 100 milliseconds.VISUAL INDICATORSLight-emitting diodes (LEDs) incorporated into the front of the module provide visual indication of the module’s operational status, and communication activity on the channels.EASY REMOVAL/REPLACEMENTThe module can be removed/replaced without removing field device termination cabling, power, or communications cabling.FIELDBUS COMMUNICATIONA Fieldbus Communication Module or a Control Processor interfaces the redundant 2 Mbps module Fieldbus used by the FBMs. The FBM214 module accepts communication from either path (A or B) of the redundant 2 Mbps fieldbus – should one path fail or be switched at the system level, the module continues communication over the active path.The use of an external power supply common to two or more loops requires a Cable Balun Module to maintain communication signal line balance.MODULAR BASEPLATE MOUNTINGThe module mounts on a modular baseplate which accommodates up to four or eight FBMs. The modular baseplate is either DIN rail mounted or rack mounted, and includes signal connectors for redundant fieldbus, redundant independent dc power, and termination cables.TERMINATION ASSEMBLIESField input signals connect to the FBM subsystem via DIN rail mounted TAs. The TAs used with theFBM214 are described in “TERMINATION ASSEMBLIES AND CABLES” on page8.PSS 21H-2Z14 B4Page 3CABLE BALUN MODULEThe Cable Balun module is used to maintain digital communication line balance for HART Transmitter to FBM loops that are powered from a common external power supply. This powering effectively connects one line of each loop together. Without the Baluns, in each loop so powered, the common connection at the external power supply, would cause near end crosstalk at the system end of the loop wiring cable. Loops using FBM internal power source do not require Baluns.The Cable Balun module contains multiple Baluns. One Balun segment is interconnected in each loop powered from an external power supply per the diagram above. There is one Cable Balun module.Figure 1. Cable Balun Module Cable Balun ModuleModule Model ModulePart No.No. of Balunsin the ModuleCBM-4P0903SV4PSS 21H-2Z14 B4Page 4FUNCTIONAL SPECIFICATIONSField Device ChannelsVERSION SUPPORTEDHART Protocol v6INTERFACE8 group-isolated channelsCOMMUNICATION TO THE DEVICEPoint-to-point, master/slave, asynchronous, half-duplex, at 1200 baud.ERROR CHECKINGParity on each byte, and one CRC check byte.SPEED2 messages per secondFASTEST ALLOWED ECB BLOCK PERIOD500 msecMAXIMUM DISTANCE (FBM214 TO FIELDDEVICE)Meets HART FSK physical layer specificationHCF_SPEC-54, Revision 8.1 [up to 3030 m(10000ft)](1).COMPLIANCE VOLTAGE18 V dc minimum at 20.5 mACURRENT INPUTSSense Resistor61.9 Ω nominalTotal Input Resistance280 Ω minimumAccuracy (Includes Nonlinearity)±0.03% of full scaleTemperature Coefficient50 ppm/ºCResolution15 bitsUpdate Rate100 msIntegration Time500 msCommon Mode Rejection>100 db at 50 or 60 HzNormal Mode Rejection>35 db at 50 or 60 HzMAXIMUM LOOP RESISTANCE280 Ω (not including the field device)(2)LOOP POWER SUPPLY PROTECTIONEach channel is galvanically group isolated,current limited and voltage regulated. All inputsare limited by their design to less than 30 mA. Ifthe current limit circuit shorts out, the current islimited to about 85 mA.FBM INPUT IMPEDANCE280 Ω minimumFBM INTERNAL POWER FOR FIELD DEVICE24 V dc ±10% common power supply for allchannels. Loop load limited to one device perchannel.ISOLATIONThe channels are not galvanically isolated fromeach other, but are galvanically isolated (bothoptical and transformer isolation) as a group from ground and module logic. Inputs use an internal FBM isolated power supply for field power. Themodule withstands, without damage, a potential of 600 V ac applied for one minute between the group-isolated channels and earth (ground).CAUTIONThis does not imply that these channels areintended for permanent connection tovoltages of these levels. Exceeding the limitsfor input voltages, as stated elsewhere in thisspecification, violates electrical safety codesand may expose users to electric shock. Fieldbus CommunicationCommunicates with its associated FCM or FCP via the redundant 2 Mbps module FieldbusHEAT DISSIPATION4 W (maximum)(1)The maximum allowable distance decreases when the loop is operated through an intrinsic safety barrier. The maximum distance ofthe field device from the FBM is a function of compliance voltage, wire gauge and voltage drop at the device.(2)In an intrinsic safety application, if a zener barrier is used between the FBM and the field device, the power supply must be set at24V dc +5%, -1%. There are no specific constraints with the use of galvanic barriers.PSS 21H-2Z14 B4Page 5 FUNCTIONAL SPECIFICATIONS (CONTINUED)Power RequirementsINPUT VOLTAGE RANGE (REDUNDANT)24V dc ±5%CONSUMPTION7 W (maximum)Regulatory ComplianceELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY (EMC) European EMC Directive 89/336/EECMeets:EN 50081-2 Emission standardEN 50082-2 Immunity standardEN 61326 Annex A (Industrial Levels) CISPR 11, Industrial Scientific and Medical(ISM) Radio-frequency Equipment -Electromagnetic Disturbance Characteristics- Limits and Methods of MeasurementMeets Class A LimitsIEC 61000-4-2 ESD ImmunityContact 4 kV, air 8 kVIEC 61000-4-3 Radiated Field Immunity10 V/m at 80 to 1000 MHzIEC 61000-4-4 Electrical FastTransient/Burst Immunity2 kV on I/O, dc power and communicationlinesIEC 61000-4-5 Surge Immunity2kV on ac and dc power lines; 1kV on I/Oand communications linesIEC 61000-4-6 Immunity to ConductedDisturbances Induced by Radio frequencyFields10 V (rms) at 150 kHz to 80 MHz on I/O,dc power and communication linesIEC 61000-4-8 Power Frequency MagneticField Immunity30 A/m at 50 and 60 HzPRODUCT SAFETY (FBM AND CABLE BALUN) Underwriters Laboratories (UL) for U.S. andCanadaUL/UL-C listed as suitable for use inUL/UL-C listed Class I, Groups A-D;Division 2; temperature code T4 enclosurebased systems. These modules are also ULand UL-C listed as associated apparatus forsupplying non-incendive communicationcircuits for Class I, Groups A-D hazardouslocations when connected to specifiedI/A Series® processor modules as describedin the I/A Series DIN Rail MountedSubsystem User’s Guide (B0400FA). Wherepower is supplied by the FBM,communications circuits also meet therequirements for Class2 as defined inArticle725 of the National Electrical Code(NFPA No.70) and Section 16 of theCanadian Electrical Code (CSA C22.1).Conditions for use are as specified in theI/A Series DIN Rail Mounted SubsystemUser’s Guide (B0400FA).European Low Voltage Directive 73/23/EECand Explosive Atmospheres (ATEX) directive94/9/ECCENELEC (DEMKO) certified as EEx nA IICT4 for use in CENELEC certified Zone 2enclosure certified as associated apparatusfor supplying non-incendive field circuits forZone 2, Group IIC, potentially explosiveatmospheres when connected to specifiedI/A Series processor modules as describedin the I/A Series DIN Rail MountedSubsystem User’s Guide (B0400FA). Also,see Table1 on page9.Calibration RequirementsCalibration of the module or termination assembly is not required.PSS 21H-2Z14 B4Page 6ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIFICATIONS(3)OperatingTEMPERATUREModule-20 to +70°C (-4 to +158°F)Termination AssemblyPVC-20 to +50°C (-4 to +122°F)PA-20 to +70°C (-4 to +158°F) RELATIVE HUMIDITY5 to 95% (noncondensing)ALTITUDE-300 to +3,000m (-1,000 to +10,000ft)StorageTEMPERATURE-40 to +70°C (-40 to +158°F)RELATIVE HUMIDITY5 to 95% (noncondensing)ALTITUDE-300 to +12,000m (-1,000 to +40,000ft) ContaminationSuitable for use in Class G3 (Harsh) environments as defined in ISA Standard S71.04, based on exposure testing according to EIA Standard 364-65, Class III. Vibration7.5 m/S2 (0.75 g) from 5 to 500 Hz(3)The environmental limits of this module may be enhanced by the type of enclosure containing the module. Refer to the applicableProduct Specification Sheet (PSS) which describes the specific type of enclosure that is to be used.PSS 21H-2Z14 B4Page 7 PHYSICAL SPECIFICATIONSMountingMODULEFBM214 mounts on a modular baseplate. Thebaseplate can be mounted on a DIN rail(horizontally or vertically), or horizontally on a19-inch rack using a mounting kit. Refer toPSS21H-2W6B4 for details.TERMINATION ASSEMBLYThe TA mounts on a DIN rail and accommodates multiple DIN rail styles including 32mm (1.26in) and 35mm 1.38in).MassMODULE284 g (10 oz) approximateTERMINATION ASSEMBLYCompression181 g (0.40 lb) approximateRing Lug249 g (0.55 lb) approximateDimensions – ModuleHEIGHT102 mm (4 in)114 mm (4.5 in) including mounting lugsWIDTH45 mm (1.75 in)DEPTH104 mm (4.11 in)Dimensions – Termination AssemblySee page10.Part NumbersFBM214 MODULEP0922VTTERMINATION ASSEMBLIESSee “FUNCTIONAL SPECIFICATIONS –TERMINATION ASSEMBLIES” on page8. Termination CablesCABLE LENGTHSUp to 30 m (98 ft)CABLE MATERIALSPolyurethane or Hypalon®/XLPTERMINATION CABLE TYPEType 1 – See Table2 on page9.CABLE CONNECTION – TA25-pin male D-subminiatureConstruction – Termination AssemblyMATERIALPolyvinyl Chloride (PVC), compressionPolyamide (PA), compressionPVC, ring lugFAMILY GROUP COLORGreen – communicationTERMINAL BLOCKS3 tiers, 8 positionsField Termination ConnectionsCOMPRESSION-TYPE ACCEPTED WIRINGSIZESSolid/Stranded/AWG0.2 to 4 mm2/0.2 to 2.5 mm2/24 to 12 AWGStranded with Ferrules0.2 to 2.5 mm2 with or without plastic collarRING-LUG TYPE ACCEPTED WIRING SIZES#6 size connectors (0.375 in (9.5 mm))0.5 to 4 mm2/22 AWG to 12 AWGPSS 21H-2Z14 B4Page 8TERMINATION ASSEMBLIES AND CABLESField input signals connect to the FBM subsystem via DIN rail mounted Termination Assemblies, which are electrically passive.TAs for the FBM214 are available in the following forms: Compression screw type using Polyvinyl Chloride(PVC) materialCompression screw type using Polyamide (PA) material Ring lug type using PVC material.See the following “FUNCTIONAL SPECIFICATIONS –TERMINATION ASSEMBLIES” for a list of TAs used with the FBM214.The FBM214 provides sufficient loop resistance to allow use of the HART Hand-Held Terminal, or PC20 Intelligent Field Device Configurator (PSS 2A-1Z3 E).A removable termination cable connects the DIN railmounted TA to the FBM via a field connector on the baseplate in which the FBM is installed. Termination cables are available in the following materials: PolyurethaneHypalon XLP .Termination cables are available in a variety of lengths, up to 30 meters (98feet), allowing the Termination Assembly to be mounted in either theenclosure or in an adjacent enclosure. See Table 2 for a list of termination cables used with the TAs forthe FBM214.FUNCTIONAL SPECIFICATIONS – TERMINATION ASSEMBLIESFBM Type Input SignalTA Part NumberTermination TA Cable TACertification PVC (a)(a)PVC is polyvinyl chloride rated from -20 to +50°C (-4 to +122°F).PA is Polyamide rated from -20 to +70°C (-4 to +158°F).PA (a)Type (b)(b) C = TA with compression terminals; RL = TA with ring lug terminals.Type (c)(c)See Table 2 for cable part numbers and specifications.Type (d)(d)See Table 1 for Termination Assembly certification definitions.FBM2148 input channels, 4 to 20mA analog signal, alone or with HART signal superimposedP0916BX P0926EA P0926TD CRL11, 2PSS 21H-2Z14 B4Page 9Table 1. Certification for Termination AssembliesType Certification (a)(a)All TAs are UL/UL-C listed to comply with applicable ordinary location safety standards for fire and shock hazards. Hazardous locationtypes comply with ATEX directive for II 3 G use. They also comply with the requirements of the European Low Voltage Directive. All listings/certifications require installation and use within the constraints specified in DIN Rail Mounted Subsystem User’s Guide (B0400FA) and the conditions stated in UL and DEMKO reports.Type 1TAs are UL/UL-C listed as suitable for use in Class I; Groups A-D; Division 2 temperature code T4 hazardous locations. They are CENELEC (DEMKO) certified EEx nA IIC T4 for use in Zone 2 potentially explosive atmospheres.Type 2TAs are UL/UL-C listed as associated apparatus for supplying non-incendive field circuits Class I; Groups A-D; Division 2 hazardous locations when connected to specified DIN rail mounted FBMs and field circuits meeting entity parameter constraints specified in DIN Rail Mounted Subsystem User’s Guide (B0400FA). They are also CENELEC (DEMKO) certified as associated apparatus for supplying field circuits for Group IIC, Zone 2 potentially explosive atmospheres. Field circuits are also Class 2 limited energy (60 V dc, 30 V ac, 100 VA or less) if customer-supplied equipment meets Class 2 limits.Table 2. Cables Types and Part NumbersCable Lengthm (ft) Type 1P/PVC (a)Type 1H/XLPE (b)Cable Lengthm (ft) Type 1P/PVC (a)Type 1H/XLPE (b)0.5 (1.6)P0916DA P0916VA 10.0 (32.8) P0916DE P0916VE 1.0 (3.2) P0916DB P0916VB 15.0 (49.2) P0916DF P0916VF 2.0 (6.6)P0931RM P0931RR 20.0 (65.6) P0916DG P0916VG 3.0 (9.8) P0916DC P0916VC 25.0 (82.0) P0916DH P0916VH 5.0 (16.4)P0916DDP0916VD30.0 (98.4)P0916DJP0916VJ(a)P/PVC is polyurethane outer jacket and semi-rigid PVC primary conductor insulation.(b)H/XLPE is Hypalon outer jacket and XLPE (cross-linked polyethylene) primary conductor insulation.PSS 21H-2Z14 B4Page 10DIMENSIONS – NOMINALRELATED PRODUCT SPECIFICATION SHEETSCompression Termination AssemblyRing Lug Termination Assembly(a) Overall width – for determining DIN rail loading.(b) Height above DIN rail (add to DIN rail height for total).PSS NumberDescriptionPSS 21H-2W1 B3DIN Rail Mounted FBM Subsystem OverviewPSS 21H-2W2 B3DIN Rail Mounted FBM Equipment, Agency CertificationsPSS 21H-2Z14 B4Page 11PSS 21H-2Z14 B4 Page 12IPS Corporate Headquarters 5601 Granite Parkway Suite 1000 Plano, TX 75024United States of AmericaFoxboro Global Client Support Inside U.S.: 1-866-746-6477 Outside U.S.: 1-508-549-2424 or contact your local Foxboro representative.Facsimile: 1-508-549-4999Invensys, Foxboro, I/A Series and the IPS Logo are trademarks of Invensys plc, its subsidiaries, and affiliates. All other brand names may be trademarks of their respective owners.Copyright 2002-2010 Invensys Systems, Inc.All rights reservedMB 21A Printed in U.S.A. 0210。

TBR210A-2型20W短波电台教案编写
TBR210A-2型20W短波电台是一种高性能、紧凑型射频发射装置，它是原装880系统的
一种优质型号，具有多种技术特点。

下面是介绍如何使用TBR210A-2型20W短波电台的：
1. 安装及组装：将TBR210A-2型20W短波电台安装在空间容易操作的安全位置上。

安装完成后，将整机接上220V交流电源，然后再根据后面的操作提示，依次完成电台的组装
和操作。

2. 基本操作：安装好TBR210A-2型20W短波电台后，请检查其正确联接220V交流电源，然后将发射机一面接入收发台上的控制机，另一面接入电台天线组件上。

接好电源后，打
开发射机的电源电路，选择所需发射频率，按发射信号开关，电台就可以发射出短波信号。

3. 调试操作：调试操作的目的是使TBR210A-2型20W短波电台按照设定的发射参数正确发射出所需的短波信号。

首先，检测信号的功率和频率，然后根据读数的实际情况，在操作面板上调整输出功率、频率和发射时间，使短波信号达到最佳状态。

4. 问题排查：TBR210A-2型20W短波电台具有自动排除故障功能，但是有时依然会出现
一些问题，此时可以根据电台指示来排查故障原因，例如信号发射不稳定等。

另外，可以
通过外接测试仪检测发射机的频率和功率，以便快速确定潜在问题，并能进行及时的维护
和修复。

以上就是TBR210A-2型20W短波电台的安装、基本操作、调试和问题排查的步骤。

用户
在安装、操作使用过程中应注意安全，在排查故障时要把握好这些步骤，正确地操作可以
减少损失的发生。

16ME-25Guitar Multiple EffectsPowerhouse FX with Stompbox Simplicity MPowerful COSM ®amp models and effects onboard, from classic to contemporaryMSuper simple user-friendly interfaceM SOUND LIBRARY provides extensive collection of ready-to-use tones; simply choose a category and select a variationM Sounds can be instantly edited with the Drive, Tone, Level knobs and Expression pedalM SUPER STACK adds immensely heavy low-end and punch MPhrase Loop function with 38 seconds of recording timeMFunctions as a USB audio interfaceM Built-in AUX input for jamming along with external music devices (MP3/CD players, etc.)M Runs on six AA batteries or AC adaptorM Includes Cakewalk SONAR 8.5 LE software and dozens of audio loops, rhythms and songs for jamming or practiceM Free downloadable Librarian software ME-25 SpecificationsI AD Conversion 24-bit + AF method * I DA Conversion 24-bit I Sampling Frequency 44.1 kHzI Memory 60 I Sound Library 60 I Sound Library Category CLEAN, CRUNCH, DRIVE, HEAVY , LEAD, EXTREME I Effect Type COMP/FX (Compressor/Effect): COMP , T.WAH, AC SIM, OD/DS (Overdrive/Distortion): BOOST, OD-1, T-SCREAM, BLUES, DIST, CLASSIC, MODERN, METAL, CORE, FUZZ, PREAMP: CLEAN, TWIN, TWEED, VO DRIVE, BG LEAD, MS VINTAGE, MS MODERN, 5150 DRIVE, R-FIER, ULTRA METAL, MODULATION: CHORUS, PHASER, FLANGER, ROTARY , UNI-V, TREMOLO, HARMONIST, OCTAVE, DELAY: 1-99ms, 100-990ms, 1000-6000ms, TAP , REVERB: ROOM, HALL, PEDAL FX (Pedal Effect): WAH, +1 OCTAVE, -1 OCTAVE, FREEZE, NS (Noise Suppressor) I Nominal Input Level INPUT: -10 dBu, AUX IN: -18 dBu I Input Impedance INPUT: 1M , AUX IN: 22k I NominalOutput Level -10 dBu I Output Impedance 2k I Display 7 segments, 2 digits LED I Power Supply DC 9 V Dry Batteries (R6/LR6 (AA) type) x 6, AC Adaptor (BOSS PSA-Series: sold separately) I CurrentDraw 150 mA I Expected battery life under continuous use Alkaline: 9 hours, Carbon: 3 hours (These figures will vary depending on the actual conditions of use.) I Dimensions 300 (W) x 191 (D) x 72 (H) mm/ 11-13/16 (W) x 7-9/16 (D) x 2-7/8 (H) inches I Maximum height 300 (W) x 191 (D) x 93 (H) mm/ 11-13/16 (W) x 7-9/16 (D) x 3-11/16 (H) inches I Weight 1.9 kg, 4 lbs 4 oz (including batteries)I Accessories Owner’s Manual, ME-25 DVD-ROM, Sound Library/Memory List (Leaflet), Sound Library Sticker, Dry Batteries (Alkaline: LR6 (AA) type) x 6, Roland Service (Information Sheet) I Options AC Adaptor BOSS PSA-Series* 1 AF method (Adaptive Focus method) / This is a proprietary method from Roland & BOSSthat vastly improves the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio of the A/D and D/A converters.* 0 dBu = 0.775 Vrms* The specifications are subject to change without notice.FX with Stompbox Simplicity。

1981Spectrum Master™ MS2712E and MS2713E SpecificationsSpectral PuritySSB Phase Noise @ 1 GHz-100 dBc/Hz, -110 dBc/Hz typical @ 10 kHz offset-105 dBc/Hz, -112 dBc/Hz typical @ 100 kHz offset-115 dBc/Hz, -121 dBc/Hz typical @ 1 MHz offsetAmplitude RangesDynamic Range>95 dB (2.4 GHz), 2/3 (TOI-DANL) in 10 Hz RBWMeasurement Range DANL to +26 dBmDisplay Range 1 to 15 dB/div in 1 dB steps, ten divisions displayedReference Level Range-130 dBm to +30 dBmAttenuator Range0 to 55 dB in 5 dB stepsAmplitude Units Log Scale Modes: dBm, dBV, dBmv, dB VLinear Scale Modes: nV, V, mV, V, kV, nW, W, mW, W, kW Amplitude Accuracy100 kHz to 4.0 GHz±1.25 dB, ±0.5 dB typical>4.0 GHz to 6 GHz±1.50 dB, ±0.5 dB typicalDisplayed Average Noise Level (DANL)Preamp Off Preamp On(Reference level -20 dBm)(Reference level -50 dBm) (RBW Normalized to 1 Hz, 0 dB attenuation)Maximum Typical Maximum Typical10 MHz to 2.4 GHz -141 dBm-146 dBm-157 dBm-162 dBm>2.4 GHz to 4 GHz-137 dBm-141 dBm-154 dBm-159 dBm>4 GHz to 5 GHz-134 dBm-138 dBm-150 dBm-155 dBm> 5 GHz to 6 GHz-126 dBm-131 dBm-143 dBm-150 dBm (RBW = 10 Hz, 0 dB attenuation)10 MHz to 2.4 GHz -131 dBm-136 dBm-147 dBm-152 dBm>2.4 GHz to 4 GHz-127 dBm-131 dBm-144 dBm-149 dBm>4 GHz to 5 GHz-124 dBm-128 dBm-140 dBm-145 dBm> 5 GHz to 6 GHz-116 dBm-121 dBm-133 dBm-140 dBm SpursResidual Spurious<-90 dBm (RF input terminated, 0 dB input attenuation, > 10 MHz)Input-Related Spurious<-75 dBc (0 dB attenuation, -30 dBm input, span <1.7 GHz, carrier offset >4.5 MHz) Exceptions, typical<-70 dBc @ <2.5 GHz, with 2072.5 MHz Input<-68 dBc @ F1-280 MHz with F1 Input<-70 dBc @ F1 + 190 MHz with F1 Input<-52 dBc @ 7349-2F2 MHz, with F2 Input, where F2 < 2424.5 MHz Third-Order Intercept (TOI)Preamp Off (-20 dBm tones 100 kHz apart, 10 dB attenuation)800 MHz+16 dBm2400 MHz+20 dBm200-2200 MHz+25 dBm, typical>2.2 GHz to 5.0 GHz+28 dBm, typical>5.0 GHz to 6.0 GHz+33 dBm, typicalSecond Harmonic DistortionPreamp Off, 0 dB input attenuation, -30 dBm input50 MHz-56 dBc>50 MHz to 200 MHz-60 dBc, typical>200 MHz to 3000 MHz-70 dBc, typicalVSWR2:1, typicalPage 3 of 12Page 4 of 12Spectrum Master™ MS2712E and MS2713E Specifications2-Port Transmission Measurement (Option 0021)FrequencyFrequency Range 2 MHz to 4 GHz (MS2712E), 2 MHz to 6 GHz (MS2713E)Frequency Resolution10 HzOutput PowerHigh 0 dBm, typical Low-30 dBm, typicalDynamic Range2 MHz to 4 GHz 80 dB >4 GHz to 6 GHz 70 dBApplication OptionsBias-Tee (On/Off), Impedance (50 , 75 , Other)Bias-Tee (Option 0010)SetupOn/Off, Voltage, Current (Low/High)Voltage Range +12 to +32 VCurrent (Low/High)250 mA/450 mA, 1 A surge for 100 ms Resolution0.1 VGPS Receiver Option (Option 0031) (Antenna sold separately, P/N 2000-1528-R)SetupOn/Off, Antenna Voltage 3.3/5.0 V , GPS Info GPS Time/Location IndicatorTime, Latitude, Longitude and Altitude on displayTime, Latitude, Longitude and Altitude with trace storage High Frequency AccuracySpectrum Analyzer , Interference Analyzer , CW Signal Generator when GPS Antenna is connected<±50 ppb with GPS On, 3 minutes after satellite lock in selected mode ConnectorSMA, femalePage 5 of 12Spectrum Master™ MS2712E and MS2713E SpecificationsPower Meter (Option 0029)Frequency Center/Start/Stop, Span, Frequency Step, Signal Standard, Channel #, Full Band Amplitude Maximum, Minimum, Offset, Relative On/Off, Units, Auto Scale Average Acquisition Fast/Med/Slow, # of Running Averages LimitsLimit On/Off, Limit Upper/LowerFrequency Range10 MHz to 4 GHz (MS2712E), 10 MHz to 6 GHz (MS2713E)Span1 kHz to 100 MHzDisplay Range-140 dBm to +30 dBm, ≤40 dB span Measurement Range-120 dBm to +26 dBm Offset Range0 to +100 dB VSWR2:1 typicalMaximum Power+26 dBm without attenuator AccuracySame as Spectrum Analyzer Application OptionsImpedance (50 , 75 , Other)High Accuracy Power Meter (Option 0019) (Requires external USB Power Sensor(s))Amplitude Maximum, Minimum, Offset, Relative On/Off, Units, Auto Scale Average # of Running Averages, Max HoldZero/Cal Zero On/Off, Cal Factor (Center Frequency, Signal Standard)LimitsLimit On/Off, Limit Upper/LowerPower Sensor ModelPSN50MA24104A MA24106A MA24108A MA24118A DescriptionHigh Accuracy RF Power Sensor Inline High Power Sensor High Accuracy RF Power Sensor Microwave USB Power Sensor Microwave USB Power Sensor Frequency Range50 MHz to 6 GHz 600 MHz to 4 GHz 50 MHz to 6 GHz 10 MHz to 8 GHz 10 MHz to 18 GHz Connector T ype N(m), 50 T ype N(m), 50 T ype N(m), 50 T ype N(m), 50 T ype N(m), 50 Dynamic Range-30 to +20 dBm (.001 to 100 mW)+3 to +51.76 dBm (2 mW to 150 W)-40 t o +23 dBm (0.1 µW to 200 mW)-40 t o +20 dBm (0.1 µW to 100 mW)-40 t o +20 dBm (0.1 µW t o 100 mW)VBW100 Hz 100 Hz 100 Hz 50 kHz 50 kHz MeasurandTrue-RMSTrue-RMSTrue-RMSTrue-RMS, Slot Power , Burst AveragePowerTrue-RMS, Slot Power , Burst AveragePower Measurement Uncertainty ±0.16 dB 1±0.17 dB 2±0.16 dB 1±0.18 dB 3±0.18 dB 3Datasheet(for complete speciications)11410-0041411410-0048311410-0042411410-0050411410-00504Notes:1) T otal RSS measurement uncertainty (0 ºC to 50 ºC) for power measurements of a CW signal greater than -20 dBm with zero mismatch errors.2) E xpanded uncertainty with K=2 for power measurements of a CW signal greater than +20 dBm with a matched load. Measurement results referenced to the input side of the sensor.3) Expanded uncertainty with K=2 for power measurements of a CW signal greater than-20 dBm with zero mismatch errors.Page 6 of 12Spectrum Master™ MS2712E and MS2713E SpecificationsInterference Analyzer (Option 0025)MeasurementsSpectrum Field Strength Occupied Bandwidth Channel PowerAdjacent Channel Power (ACPR)AM/FM/SSB Demodulation (Wide/Narrow FM, Upper/Lower SSB), (audio out only)Carrier-to-Interference ratio (C/I)Spectrogram (Collect data up to one week)Signal Strength (Gives visual and aural indication of signal strength)Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) (collect data up to one week)Gives visual and aural indication of signal strength Signal ID (up to 12 signals)Center Frequency BandwidthSignal Type (FM, GSM, W-CDMA, CDMA, Wi-Fi)Closest Channel Number Number of CarriersApplication OptionsSignal-to-Nose Ratio (SNR) >10 dBBias-Tee (On/Off), Impedance (50 , 75 , Other)Channel Scanner (Option 0027)Number of Channels1 to 20 Channels (Power Levels)MeasurementsGraph/T able, Max Hold (On/5 sec/Off), Freq/Channel, Current/Max, Single/Dual Color Scanner Scan Channels, Scan Frequencies, Scan Customer List, Scan Script Master™Amplitude Reference Level, ScaleCustom Scan Signal Standard, Channel, # of Channels, Channel Step Size, Custom Scan Frequency Range 100 kHz to 4 GHz (MS2712E), 100 kHz to 6 GHz (MS2713E)Frequency Accuracy ±10 Hz + Time base error Measurement Range -110 dBm to +26 dBmApplication OptionsBias-Tee (On/Off), Impedance (50 , 75 , Other)CW Signal Generator Option (Option 0028) (Requires CW Signal Generator Kit, P/N 69793)Setup ParametersFrequency Frequency, Signal Standard, Channel Number , Display Setup Help AmplitudePower Level (Low/High), Offset (dB)Frequency Range25 MHz to 2 GHz typicalOutput PowerHigh 0 dBm typical, Low -30 dBm typicalAttenuator (included in kit 69793): 0 to 90 dB in 1 dB stepsGated Sweep (Option 0090)Mode Spectrum Analyzer , Sweep Trigger External TTLSetupGated Sweep (On/Off)Gate Polarity (Rising, Falling)Gate Delay (0 to 65 ms typical)Gate Length (1 µs to 65 ms typical)Zero Span TimeSpectrum Master™ MS2712E and MS2713E SpecificationsGeneral Specifications All speciications and characteristics apply under the following conditions, unless otherwise stated: 1) After 5 minutes of warm-up time, wherethe instrument is left in the ON state; 2) All speciications apply when using internal reference; 3) All speciications subject to change withoutnotice; 4) T ypical performance is the measured performance of an average unit; 5) Recommended calibration cycle is 12 months.Setup ParametersSystem Status (Temperature, Battery Info, Serial Number, Firmware Version, Options Installed)Self Test, Application Self TestGPS (see Option 0031)System Options Name, Date and Time, Brightness, VolumeLanguage (English, French, German, Spanish, Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Italian, User deined)Reset (Factory Defaults, Master Reset, Update Firmware)File Save, Recall, Delete, Directory ManagementSave/Recall Setups, Measurements, Screen Shots Jpeg (save only)Delete Selected File, All Measurements, All Mode Files, All ContentDirectory Management Sort Method (Name/Type/Date), Ascend/Descend, Internal/USB, Copy, Format USB Internal Trace/Setup Memory2,000 traces, 2,000 SetupsExternal Trace/Setup Memory Limited by size of USB Flash driveMode Switching Auto-Stores/Recalls most recently used Setup Parameters in the Mode ConnectorsRF Out Type N, female, 50 (Relection In)RF Out Damage Level23 dBm, ±50 VDCRF In Type N, female, 50RF In Damage Level+35 dBm peak, ±50 VDC, Maximum Continuous Input (≥10 dB attenuation)GPS SMA(f)External Power 5.5 mm barrel connector, 12.5 to 15 VDC, < 4.0 AmpsUSB Interface (2)Type A, Connect USB Flash Drive and Power SensorUSB Interface5-pin mini-B, Connect to PC for data transferHeadset Jack 2.5 mm mini-phone plugExternal Reference In BNC, female, 50 , Maximum Input +10 dBm1 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz, 13 MHzExternal Trigger/Clock Recovery BNC, female, 50 , Maximum Input ±50 VDCDisplayType Resistive TouchscreenSize8.4” daylight viewable color LCDResolution800 x 600BatteryType Li-IonBattery Operation 3.0 hours, typicalElectromagnetic CompatibilityEuropean Union CE Mark, EMC Directive 89/336/EEC, 92/31/EEC, 93/68/EEC andLow Voltage Directive 73/23/EEC, 93/68/EECAustralia and New Zealand C-tick N274Interference EN 61326-1Emissions EN 55011Immunity EN 61000-4-2/-4-3/-4-4/-4-5/-4-6/-4-11SafetySafety Class EN 61010-1 Class 1Product Safety IEC 60950-1 when used with Company supplied Power Supply EnvironmentalOperating Temperature-10 ºC to 55 ºCMaximum Humidity85%Shock MIL-PRF-28800F Class 2Storage-40 ºC to 71 ºCAltitude4600 meters, operating and non-operatingSize and WeightSize273 x 199 x 91 mm, (10.7 x 7.8 x 3.6 in)Weight 3.45 kg, (7.6 lbs)Page 7 of 12Spectrum Master™ MS2712E and MS2713E SpecificationsMaster Software Tools (for your PC)Database ManagementFull Trace Retrieval Retrieve all traces from instrument into one PC directoryTrace Catalog Index all traces into one catalogTrace Rename Utility Rename measurement tracesGroup Edit Titles, subtitles, plot scaling, markers and limit lines, simultaneously on similar iles DAT File Converter Converts HHST iles to MST ile format and vice-versaData AnalysisTrace Math and Smoothing Compare multiple tracesData Converter Convert from/to Return Loss, VSWR, Cable Loss, DTF and also into Smith Charts Measurement Calculator Translates into other unitsReport GenerationReport Generator Includes GPS, power level, and calibration status along with measurementsEdit Graph Change scale, limit lines, and markersReport Format Create reports in HTML for PDF formatExport Measurements Export measurements to *.s2p, *.jpg or *.csv formatNotes Annotate measurementsMapping (GPS Required)Spectrum Analyzer Mode MapInfo, MapPointFolder Spectrogram (Spectrum Monitoring for Interference Analysis and Spectrum Clearing)Folder Spectrogram – 2D View Creates a composite ile of multiple tracesPeak Power, Total Power, Peak Frequency, Histogram, Average Power (Max/Min)File Filter (Violations over limit lines or deviations from averages)PlaybackVideo Folder Spectrogram – 2D View Create AVI ile to export for management review/reportsFolder Spectrogram – 3D View Views (Set Threshold, Markers)- 3D (Rotate X, Y, Z Axis, Level Scale, Signal ID)- 2D View (Frequency or Time Domain, Signal ID)- Top DownPlayback (Frequency and/or Time Domain)List/Parameter EditorsTraces Add, delete, and modify limit lines and markersAntennas, Cables, Signal Standards Modify instrument’s Antenna, Cable, and Signal Standard ListProduct Updates Auto-checks Anritsu website for latest revision irmwareFirmware Upload Upload new irmware into the instrumentLanguages Add up to two languages and modify non-English language menusDisplay Modify display settingsScript Master™Channel Scanner Mode Automate scan up to 1200 channels, repeat for sets of 20 channels, repeat all channels ConnectivityConnections Connect to PC using USBDownload Download measurements and live traces to PC for storage and analysisUpload Upload measurements from PC to instrumentFirmware Updates Create USB Flash Drive for irmware updatePage 8 of 12Page 9 of 12Spectrum Master™ MS2712E and MS2713E SpecificationsOrdering Information – OptionsMS2712EMS2713EDescription 100 kHz to 4 GHz100 kHz to 6 GHzSpectrum AnalyzerOptionsOptionsMS2712E-0021MS2713E-00212-Port Transmission Measurement MS2712E-0010MS2713E-0010Bias-TeeMS2712E-0031MS2713E-0031GPS Receiver (Requires Antenna P/N 2000-1528-R) MS2712E-0019MS2713E-0019High-Accuracy Power Meter MS2712E-0029MS2713E-0029Power MeterMS2712E-0025MS2713E-0025Interference Analyzer MS2712E-0027MS2713E-0027Channel Scanner MS2712E-0090MS2713E-0090Gated SweepMS2712E-0028MS2713E-0028C/W Signal Generator (Requires Option 0021) (Requires CW Signal Generator Kit, P/N 69793)MS2712E-0098MS2713E-0098Standard Calibration (ANSI 2540-1-1994)MS2712E-0099MS2713E-0099Premium Calibration (ANSI 2540-1-1994 plus test data)Power Sensors (For complete ordering information see the respective datasheets of each sensor)Model NumberDescriptionPSN50 High Accuracy RF Power Sensor , 50 MHz to 6 GHz, +20 dBm MA24104A Inline High Power Sensor , 600 MHz to 4 GHz, +51.76 dBm MA24106A High Accuracy RF Power Sensor , 50 MHz to 6 GHz, +23 dBm MA24108A Microwave USB Power Sensor , 10 MHz to 8 GHz, +20 dBm MA24118AMicrowave USB Power Sensor , 10 MHz to 18 GHz, +20 dBmStandard Accessories (included with instrument)Part Number Description10580-00251Spectrum Master User Guide (includes Bias-Tee, GPS Receiver)3-68736Soft Carrying Case2300-498MST CD: Master Software Tools, User/Measurement Guides, Programming Manual, Troubleshooting Guides, Application Notes 633-44Rechargeable Li-Ion Battery 40-168-R AC-DC Adapter806-141-R Automotive Cigarette Lighter 12 VDC Adapter 3-2000-1498USB A/5-pin mini-B Cable, 10 feet/305 cm11410-00511Spectrum Master™ MS2712E, MS2713E Technical Data Sheet One Year Warranty (Including battery, irmware, and software)Certiicate of Calibration and ConformancePage 10 of 12Spectrum Master™ MS2712E and MS2713E SpecificationsOptional AccessoriesDirectional AntennasPart Number Description2000-1411-R 822-900 MHz, N(f), 10 dBd, Yagi 2000-1412-R 885-975 MHz, N(f), 10 dBd, Yagi 2000-1413-R 1710-1880 MHz, N(f), 10 dBd. Yagi 2000-1414-R 1850-1990 MHz, N(f), 9.3 dBd, Yagi 2000-1415-R 2400-2500 MHz, N(f), 10 dBd, Yagi 2000-1416-R 1920-2170 MHz, N(f), 10 dBd, Yagi 2000-1519500 MHz to 3 GHz, log periodicPortable Antennas2000-1200806-866 MHz, SMA (m), 50 2000-1473870-960 MHz, SMA(m), 502000-1035896-941 MHz, SMA (m), 50 (1/4 wave)2000-10301710 to 1880 MHz, SMA (m), 50 (1/2 wave)2000-14741750 to 1850 MHz with knuckle elbow (1/2 wave)2000-10311850 to 1990 MHz, SMA (m), 50 (1/2 wave)2000-14751920 to 1980 MHz and 2110 to 2170 MHz, SMA (m), 50 2000-1032-R 2400 to 2500 MHz, SMA (m), 50 (1/2 wave)2000-13612400 to 2500, 5000 to 6000 MHz, SMA (m), 5061532Antenna Kit (Consists of: 2000-1030, 2000-1031, 2000-1032-R, 2000-1200, 2000-1035, 2000-1361, and carrying pouch)Bandpass Filters1030-114-R 806-869 MHz, N(m) - SMA(f), 50 1030-109-R 824 - 849 MHz, N(m) - SMA (f), 50 1030-110-R 880 - 915 MHz, N(m) - SMA (f), 501030-105-R 890-915 MHz Band, 0.41 dB loss, N(m) - SMA (f), 50 1030-111-R 1850 - 1910 MHz, N(m) - SMA (f), 501030-106-R 1710-1790 MHz Band, 0.34 dB loss, N(m) - SMA (f), 50 1030-107-R 1910-1990 MHz Band, 0.41 dB loss, N(m) - SMA (f), 50 1030-112-R 2400 - 2484 MHz, N(m) - SMA (f), 50 1030-155-R2500-2700 MHz, N(m) – N(f), 50 Attenuators3-1010-12220 dB, 5 W , DC to 12.4 GHz, N(m)-N(f)42N50-2020 dB, 5 W , DC to 18 GHz, N(m) - N(f)42N50A-3030 dB, 5 W , DC to 18 GHz, N(m) - N(f)3-1010-12330 dB, 50 W , DC to 8.5 GHz, N(m)-N(f)1010-127-R 30 dB, 150 W , DC to 3 GHz, N(m) - N(f)3-1010-12440 dB, 100 W , DC to 8.5 GHz, N(m)-N(f), Uni-directional 1010-12140 dB, 100 W , DC to 18 GHz, N(m)-N(f), Uni-directional 1010-128-R40 dB, 150 W, DC to 3 GHz, N(m) - N(f)Page 11 of 12Spectrum Master™ MS2712E and MS2713E SpecificationsOptional Accessories (continued)Adapters1091-26-R SMA(m) - N(m), DC to 18 GHz, 50 1091-27-R SMA(f) - N(m), DC to 18 GHz, 50 1091-80-R SMA(m) - N(f), DC to 18 GHz, 50 1091-81-R SMA(f) - N(f), DC to 18 GHz, 50 1091-172BNC(f) - N(m), DC to 1.3 GHz, 50510-102-RN(m) - N(m), DC to 11 GHz, 50 , 90 degrees right anglePrecision Adapters34NN50A Precision Adapter , N(m) - N(m), DC to 18 GHz, 50 34NFNF50Precision Adapter , N(f) - N(f), DC to 18 GHz, 50Backpack and Transit Case67135Anritsu Backpack (For Handheld Instrument and PC)760-243-RLarge Transit Case with Wheels and HandleMiscellaneous Accessories2000-1528-RGPS Antenna, SMA(m)69793CW Signal Generator Kit 2000-1520-R USB Flash Drive2000-1374External Charger for Li-lon Batteries5-1-1 Onna, Atsugi-shi, Kanagawa, 243-8555 Japan Phone: +81-46-223-1111Fax: +81-46-296-1264• U.S.A.Anritsu Company1155 East Collins Boulevard, Suite 100,Richardson, Texas 75081 U.S.A.Toll Free: 1-800-ANRITSU (267-4878)Phone: +1-972-644-1777Fax: +1-972-671-1877• CanadaAnritsu Electronics Ltd.700 Silver Seven Road, Suite 120, Kanata,Ontario K2V 1C3, CanadaPhone: +1-613-591-2003Fax: +1-613-591-1006• BrazilAnritsu Electrônica Ltda.Praca Amadeu Amaral, 27-1 Andar01327-010 - Paraiso, São Paulo, BrazilPhone: +55-11-3283-2511Fax: +55-11-3886940• MexicoAnritsu Company, S.A. de C.V.Av. Ejército Nacional No. 579 Piso 9, Col. Granada 11520 México, D.F., MéxicoPhone: +52-55-1101-2370Fax: +52-55-5254-3147• U.K.Anritsu EMEA Ltd.200 Capability Green, Luton, Bedfordshire LU1 3LU, U.K. Phone: +44-1582-433200Fax: +44-1582-731303• FranceAnritsu S.A.16/18 Avenue du Québec-SILIC 72091961 COURTABOEUF CEDEX, FrancePhone: +33-1-60-92-15-50Fax: +33-1-64-46-10-65• GermanyAnritsu GmbHNemetschek Haus, Konrad-Zuse-Platz 181829 München, GermanyPhone: +49 (0) 89 442308-0Fax: +49 (0) 89 442308-55Anritsu S.p.A.Via Elio Vittorini, 129, 00144 Roma, ItalyPhone: +39-06-509-9711Fax: +39-06-502-2425• SwedenAnritsu ABBorgafjordsgatan 13, 164 40 Kista, SwedenPhone: +46-8-534-707-00Fax: +46-8-534-707-30• FinlandAnritsu ABTeknobulevardi 3-5, FI-01530 Vantaa, FinlandPhone: +358-20-741-8100Fax: +358-20-741-8111• DenmarkAnritsu A/SKirkebjerg Allé 90 DK-2605 Brøndby, DenmarkPhone: +45-72112200Fax: +45-72112210• SpainAnritsu EMEA Ltd.Oficina de Representación en EspañaEdificio VeganovaAvda de la Vega, n 1 (edf 8, pl1, of 8)28108 ALCOBENDAS - Madrid, SpainPhone: +34-914905761Fax: +34-914905762• RussiaAnritsu EMEA Ltd.Representation Office in RussiaTverskaya str. 16/2, bld. 1, 7th floor.Russia, 125009, MoscowPhone: +7-495-363-1694Fax: +7-495-935-8962• United Arab EmiratesAnritsu EMEA Ltd.Dubai Liaison OfficeP O Box 500413 - Dubai Internet CityAl Thuraya Building, Tower 1, Suite 701, 7th FloorDubai, United Arab EmiratesPhone: +971-4-3670352Fax: +971-4-3688460Anritsu Pte. Ltd.60 Alexandra Terrace, #02-08, The Comtech (Lobby A)Singapore 118502Phone: +65-6282-2400Fax: +65-6282-2533• IndiaAnritsu Pte. Ltd.India Branch Office3rd Floor, Shri Lakshminarayan Niwas,#2726, 80 ft Road, HAL 3rd Stage, Bangalore - 560 075, IndiaPhone: +91-80-4058-1300Fax: +91-80-4058-1301• P. R. China (Hong Kong)Anritsu Company Ltd.Units 4 & 5, 28th Floor, Greenfield Tower, Concordia Plaza,No. 1 Science Museum Road, Tsim Sha Tsui East,Kowloon, Hong Kong, P.R. ChinaPhone: +852-2301-4980Fax: +852-2301-3545• P. R. China (Beijing)Anritsu Company Ltd.Beijing Representative OfficeRoom 2008, Beijing Fortune Building,No. 5 , Dong-San-Huan Bei Road,Chao-Yang District, Beijing 100004, P.R. ChinaPhone: +86-10-6590-9230Fax: +86-10-6590-9235• KoreaAnritsu Corporation, Ltd.8F Hyunjuk Bldg. 832-41, Yeoksam-Dong,Kangnam-ku, Seoul, 135-080, KoreaPhone: +82-2-553-6603Fax: +82-2-553-6604• AustraliaAnritsu Pty Ltd.Unit 21/270 Ferntree Gully Road, Notting HillVictoria, 3168, AustraliaPhone: +61-3-9558-8177Fax: +61-3-9558-8255• TaiwanAnritsu Company Inc.7F, No. 316, Sec. 1, Neihu Rd., Taipei 114, TaiwanPhone: +886-2-8751-1816Fax: +886-2-8751-1817The Master Users Group is an organization dedicated to providing training, technical support, networking opportunities and links to Master product development teams. As a member you will receive the Insite Quarterly Newsletter with user stories, measurement tips, new product news and more.Visit us to register today: /smiusignupTo receive a quote to purchase a product or order accessories visit our online ordering site: Training at AnritsuAnritsu has designed courses to help you stay up to date with technologies important to your job.For available training courses visit: /training。