人教版高中英语选修七-Unit2-Robots-语法篇(学生版)教学文稿

第4讲Robots 语法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1.掌握各个时态的被动语态的结构与用法；2.能够熟练运用被动语态解题造句。

一. 含义与构成1. 被动语态表示句中的主语接受谓语动作，也就是说，主语是谓语动作的承受者。

谓语动词用作被动语态的句子叫做被动句。

2. 构成：be + 过去分词(be有时可用become 或get代替), be随着主语的人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化。

3. 被动语态的各种时态形式有：一般时态：be + 过去分词English is spoken in many countries.Romeo and Juliet was written by Shakespeare.Many believe that one day the earth will be destroyed if people do not learn to live in peace.进行时态：be + being + 过去分词His plan is being carried out successfully.The new curtains were being hung when the visitors showed up.The car will be being cleaned by my brother.完成时态：have + been + 过去分词I’ve been robbed.The outcome of the election was announced before all of the votes had been counted.Everything will have been done by the end of this month.二. 用法1. 强调动作的承受者：Frank was hit by a car.A new idea has been suggested.2. 说话者不知道动作的执行者，或者认为没有必要指出：This bridge was built in 1700.The house is being repaired.3. 说话者希望所说的内容显得更加客观，避免就一些自己不太肯定的事表态：此类通常为表示\"据说\"或\"相信\" 的词组，基本上由believe, consider, declare, expect, feel , report, say, see, suppose, think, understand等组成，如：It is said that…据说；It is reported that… 据报道；It is believed that…大家相信；It is hoped that…大家希望；It is well known that… 众所周知It is said that Japan’s industrial progress after the war was very remarkable.1. (2019北京)——Did you enjoy the party?——Yes,we___ by our hosts.A.were treatedB.would be treatedC.treatedD.had treated2. (2019重庆) In my hometown, there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat____ cut.A.will have beenB. will beC. WasD. has been3. (2019天津) Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement______ so far by the two sides.A. has been reachedB. was reachedC. will reachD. will have reached4. (2019四川) More expressways in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.A. are being builtB. will be builtC. have been builtD. had been built5.(2019福建) To my delight, I from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.A. was chosenB. was being chosenC. would chooseD. had chosen基础演练1. This coastal area _________ a national wildlife reserve last year.A. was namedB. namedC. is namedD. names2. The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune _________.A. is madeB. would makeC. was to be madeD. had made3. The church tower which _________ will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished.A. has restoredB. has been restoredC. is restoringD. is being restored4. In the spoken English of some areas in the US, the “r” sounds at the end of the words _________.A. are droppedB. dropC. are being droppedD. have dropped5. It is reported that many a new house _________ at present in the disaster area.A. are being builtB. were being builtC. was being builtD. is being built巩固提高6. Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money –making jobs they _________ beforethey leaving their hometowns.A. promisedB. were promisedC. have promisedD. have been promised7. Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting _________ at the culture show of the 2019 Shanghai World Expo.A. are exhibitingB. is exhibitingC. are being exhibitingD. is being exhibiting8. You’ve failed to do what you _________ to and I’m afraid the teacher will blame you.A. will expectB. will be expectedC. expectedD. were expected9. If city noises ____ from increasing, people ____ shout to be heard even at dinner.A. are not kept; will have toB. are not kept; haveC. do not keep; will have toD. do not keep; have to10. The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence, are ____and perfected now.A. developedB. have developedC. are being developedD. will have been developed11. --- ____ the sports meet might be put off.--- Yes，it all depends on the weather.A. I've been toldB. I've toldC. I'm toldD. I told12. I need one more stamp before my collection ___.A. has completedB. completesC. has been completedD. is completed13. Rainforests ___ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in thenear future.A. cutB. are cutC. are being cutD. had been cut14. The new suspension bridge ___ by the end of last month.A. has been designedB. had been designedC. was designedD. would be designed15. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ____.A. breaksB. has brokenC. was brokenD. had been broken1. I should be very much like to have gone to the party, but I _________.A. am not invitedB. am not being invitedC. shall not be invitedD. was not invited2. ----How are things going?---- The disabled _________ no relatives in Guangzhou _________ by the volunteers, who will graduate from Zhongshan University next year.A. with; are taking care ofB. have; will be taken care ofC. with; are being taken care ofD. have; are being taken care of3. The attackers were arrested and didn’t know where they _________.A. would takeB. are takenC. were being takenD. will be taken4. People begin to know that most environmental problems exist because necessary measures for preventing them _________ in the past.A. are not takenB. were not takenC. hadn’t been takenD. wouldn’t be taken5. ----My car _________ twice this month.---- I’m sorry to hear that.A. has been broken inB. was broken inC. has been broken intoD. was broken into6. Our game of basketball _________. We had been playing for about half an hour when it started to rain heavily.A. has interruptedB. had interruptedC. was interruptedD. had been interrupted7. The princess and the Frog is a fairy musical that _________ the days when Walt Disney was a person, not a brand.A. was dated back toB. dates back toC. has been dating fromD. had dated from8. Linda, make sure the tables _________ before the guests arrive.A. be setB. setC. are setD. are setting9. The way the guests _________ in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service..A. TreatedB. were treatedC. would treatD. would be treated10. During the period of recent terrorist activities, people _________ not to touch any unattended bag.A. had always been warnedB. were always being warnedC. are always warningD. always warned11. ----Why does the lake smell terrible?----Because large quantities of water _________.A. have pollutedB. is being pollutedC. has been pollutedD. have been polluted12. ----Hi, Tory, can I use your computer for a while this afternoon?----Sorry. _________.A. It’s repairedB. It has been repairedC. It’s being repairedD. It had been repaired13. The wet weather will continue tomorrow, when a cold front _________ to arrive.A. is expectedB. is expectingC. expectsD. will be expected14. I like these English songs and they _________ many times on the radio.A. taughtB. have taughtC. are taughtD. have been taught15. I got caught in the rain and my suit _________.A.has ruinedB. had ruinedC. has been ruinedD. had been ruined__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一.单项选择1. — Do you think he will come at this weekend?— ___________, because he has an important party to attend.A. I don't believeB. I don't believe itC. I believe not soD. I believe not2. She was so sad because she failed in the math test. Let's ______ her _______.A. leave … behindB. leave … aloneC. leave … asideD. leave … out3. They desired that they __________ the right to attend the meeting.A. hadB. haveC. areD. were4. Many applicants stood outside the manager's office, nervously waiting _________ for the job.A. to chooseB. being chosenC. choosingD. to be chosen5. It was at this shop _______ I bought my skirt. How about coming to my home to have a look tonight?A. thatB. whereC. whichD. what6. People have been complaining about SK-II recently and think the advertisements always persuade people _________ the products which are not so good.A. buyB. to buyC. buyingD. bought7. He has been _______ for three weeks. We'd better find another person to fill his place.A. absentB. leftC. goneD. resigned8. His daughter has ___________ the young politician for five years.A. got married withB. been married toC. been married withD. got married to9. I am going to the post office. Do you have any letter _________?A. to be sentB. to sendC. sendingD. sent10. After a whole afternoon's heated discussion, they finally ________ to us what had been decided.A. toldB. declaredC. statedD. Made二. 完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Period 2 Language StudyTeaching aims1．To learn the useful expressions and sentence structures.2．To enable students to use language points both orally and in written forms.Teaching proceduresStep 1Learning words and phrases1．desire n．渴望；欲望；渴求；vt.希望得到；想要Do you think it is possible for a robot to have its own needs and desires?你认为机器人有可能有自己的需求和愿望吗？[拓展](1)desire作名词时，可接不定式或者for短语作定语，还可以接that引导的同位语从句。

(2)desire作及物动词时的常见搭配：desire sth./to do sth./sb.to do sth./that...[注意]desire作名词后接同位语从句以及作动词后跟宾语从句时，从句常常用虚拟语气，即“(should)＋动词原形”结构。

[:Z#xx#k]The teacher desires me to come to school on time.＝The teacher desires that I should come to school on time.2．test out 试验；考验It was going to be_tested_out_by Larry' wife，Claire.它将由拉里的妻子克莱尔来试验。

[拓展]test sb.on sth.就某事(物)测试某人test sth.on sb./sth.在某人(物)身上做试验test sb.for sth.为某事检查某人Mr.Li will test us on_ grammar next week.下周李老师要检测我们的语法。

人教版高中英语选修7《Unit 2 Robo ts》教案2篇Teaching plan of unit 2 robots for senior high school English El ective of PEP人教版高中英语选修7《Unit 2 Robots》教案2篇前言：英语作为在许多国际组织或者会议上都是必需语言，几乎所有学校选择英语作为其主要或唯一的外语必修课。

英语教学涉及多种专业理论知识，包括语言学、第二语言习得、词汇学、句法学、文体学、语料库理论、认知心理学等内容。

本教案根据英语课程标准的要求和教学对象的特点，将教学诸要素有序安排，确定合适的教学方案的设想和计划、并以启迪发展学生智力为根本目的。

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本文简要目录如下：【下载该文档后使用Word打开，按住键盘Ctrl键且鼠标单击目录内容即可跳转到对应篇章】1、篇章1：人教版高中英语选修7《Unit 2 Robots》教案2、篇章2：人教版高中英语选修7《Unit 2 Robots》教案篇章1:人教版高中英语选修7《Unit 2 Robots》教案教学准备教学目标Teaching goals 教学目标1.Be able to learn some important words and phrases2.Help students to learn about robots and science fiction教学重难点eaching important points教学重点Enable students to grasp what Tony did to help Claire and how her emotion developed during Tony’s stay at her house.Teaching dif ficult points 教学难点How Claire’s emotion developed during Tony’s stay at her house.教学过程Teaching procedures 教学过程Step I Warming upPresent a photo of robots. Then ask students to say something about robot.What is on the blackboard?What is a robot?What can a robot do?Step II Pre-readingAsk students to predict question:If you have a robot, will you fall in love with it ?Introduce the background of the text.Step III ReadingFast reading1.What is the text mainly about?It is mainly about how a household _________ was _________ ________ in a family.2.Find the characters in the storyLarry Belmont: working in a company that makes robotsClaire: Larry’s wife, a housewifeTony: the robotGladys Claffern: a woman that Claire envies3.Tell stu dents that Claire’s feelings towar ds Tony changed as the story developed. Read the story again and then fill in the blanks.Comprehensio nRead the sto ry again and find out Claire’s sense of failure and what helps did Tony offer to her.SummaryFill in the blanks according to the knowledge that we have learnt in this class.The company for which Larry worked was to have a newly?made robot____（call）Tony experimented with by his wife Claire at home. At _____first sight of Tony, Claire felt ________（alarm）. She thought it was absurd tha t a robot seemed more like a human than a ______ .For as long as three weeks, Tony wanted tohelp her to dress, which made Claire ________（embarrass） and she refused him. But she was glad that Ton y could make her home ________， give her a new h aircut and change her makeup. To improve her home，he could also ________ a list of items for her to buy. And finally Tony helped Claire win the victory to be ________ （envy）by those ladies like Gladys Claffern who Claire wanted to be like. ________made us unbelievable was that Claire fell in love ______Tony—a robot !课后习题Homework1.Surf the Internet to get more information about science fiction..2.Preview the language points in the text.篇章2:人教版高中英语选修7《Unit 2 Robots》教案【按住Ctrl键点此返回目录】教学准备教学目标教学目标1.语言知识: 使学生理解文章中表达情感变化词汇;熟悉有关机器人方面的话题。

第4讲Robots 语法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1.掌握各个时态的被动语态的结构与用法；2.能够熟练运用被动语态解题造句。

一. 含义与构成1. 被动语态表示句中的主语接受谓语动作，也就是说，主语是谓语动作的承受者。

谓语动词用作被动语态的句子叫做被动句。

2. 构成：be + 过去分词(be有时可用become 或get代替)，be随着主语的人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化。

3. 被动语态的各种时态形式有：一般时态：be + 过去分词English is spoken in many countries.Romeo and Juliet was written by Shakespeare.Many believe that one day the earth will be destroyed if people do not learn to live in peace.进行时态：be + being + 过去分词His plan is being carried out successfully.The new curtains were being hung when the visitors showed up.The car will be being cleaned by my brother.完成时态：have + been + 过去分词I’ve been robbed.The outcome of the election was announced before all of the votes had been counted.Everything will have been done by the end of this month.二. 用法1. 强调动作的承受者：Frank was hit by a car.A new idea has been suggested.2. 说话者不知道动作的执行者，或者认为没有必要指出：This bridge was built in 1700.The house is being repaired.3. 说话者希望所说的内容显得更加客观，避免就一些自己不太肯定的事表态：此类通常为表示\"据说\"或\"相信\" 的词组，基本上由believe，consider，declare，expect，feel ，report，say，see，suppose，think，understand等组成，如：It is said that…据说；It is reported that… 据报道；It is believed that…大家相信；It is hoped that…大家希望；It is well known that… 众所周知It is said that Japan’s industrial progress after the war was very remarkable.1.(2019北京)——Did you enjoy the party?——Yes，we___ by our hosts.A.were treatedB.would be treatedC.treatedD.had treated2.(2019重庆) In my hometown，there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat____ cut.A.will have beenB. will beC. WasD. has been3. (2019天津) Despite the previous rounds of talks，no agreement______ so far by the two sides.A. has been reachedB. was reachedC. will reachD. will have reached4. (2019四川) More expressways in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.A. are being builtB. will be builtC. have been builtD. had been built5.(2019福建) To my delight，I from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.A. was chosenB. was being chosenC. would chooseD. had chosen基础演练1. This coastal area _________ a national wildlife reserve last year.A. was namedB. namedC. is namedD. names2. The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune _________.A. is madeB. would makeC. was to be madeD. had made3. The church tower which _________ will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished.A. has restoredB. has been restoredC. is restoringD. is being restored4. In the spoken English of some areas in the US，the “r” sounds at the end of the words _________.A. are droppedB. dropC. are being droppedD. have dropped5. It is reported that many a new house _________ at present in the disaster area.A. are being builtB. were being builtC. was being builtD. is being built巩固提高6. Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money –making jobs they _________ beforethey leaving their hometowns.A. promisedB. were promisedC. have promisedD. have been promised7. Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting _________ at the culture show of the 2019 Shanghai World Expo.A. are exhibitingB. is exhibitingC. are being exhibitingD. is being exhibiting8. You’ve failed to do what you _________ to and I’m afraid the teacher will blame you.A. will expectB. will be expectedC. expectedD. were expected9. If city noises ____ from increasing，people ____ shout to be heard even at dinner.A. are not kept；will have toB. are not kept；haveC. do not keep；will have toD. do not keep；have to10. The fifth generation computers，with artificial intelligence，are ____and perfected now.A. developedB. have developedC. are being developedD. will have been developed11. --- ____ the sports meet might be put off.--- Yes，it all depends on the weather.A. I've been toldB. I've toldC. I'm toldD. I told12. I need one more stamp before my collection ___.A. has completedB. completesC. has been completedD. is completed13. Rainforests ___ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in thenear future.A. cutB. are cutC. are being cutD. had been cut14. The new suspension bridge ___ by the end of last month.A. has been designedB. had been designedC. was designedD. would be designed15. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water，it looks as if it ____.A. breaksB. has brokenC. was brokenD. had been broken1. I should be very much like to have gone to the party，but I _________.A. am not invitedB. am not being invitedC. shall not be invitedD. was not invited2. ----How are things going?---- The disabled _________ no relatives in Guangzhou _________ by the volunteers，who will graduate from Zhongshan University next year.A. with；are taking care ofB. have；will be taken care ofC. with；are being taken care ofD. have；are being taken care of3. The attackers were arrested and didn’t know where they _________.A. would takeB. are takenC. were being takenD. will be taken4. People begin to know that most environmental problems exist because necessary measures for preventing them _________ in the past.A. are not takenB. were not takenC. hadn’t been takenD. wouldn’t be taken5. ----My car _________ twice this month.---- I’m sorry to hear that.A. has been broken inB. was broken inC. has been broken intoD. was broken into6. Our game of basketball _________. We had been playing for about half an hour when it started to rain heavily.A. has interruptedB. had interruptedC. was interruptedD. had been interrupted7. The princess and the Frog is a fairy musical that _________ the days when Walt Disney was a person，not a brand.A. was dated back toB. dates back toC. has been dating fromD. had dated from8. Linda，make sure the tables _________ before the guests arrive.A. be setB. setC. are setD. are setting9. The way the guests _________ in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service..A. TreatedB. were treatedC. would treatD. would be treated10. During the period of recent terrorist activities，people _________ not to touch any unattended bag.A. had always been warnedB. were always being warnedC. are always warningD. always warned11. ----Why does the lake smell terrible?----Because large quantities of water _________.A. have pollutedB. is being pollutedC. has been pollutedD. have been polluted12. ----Hi，Tory，can I use your computer for a while this afternoon?----Sorry. _________.A. It’s repairedB. It has been repairedC. It’s being repairedD. It had been repaired13. The wet weather will continue tomorrow，when a cold front _________ to arrive.A. is expectedB. is expectingC. expectsD. will be expected14. I like these English songs and they _________ many times on the radio.A. taughtB. have taughtC. are taughtD. have been taught15. I got caught in the rain and my suit _________.A.has ruinedB. had ruinedC. has been ruinedD. had been ruined__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一.单项选择1. — Do you think he will come at this weekend?— ___________，because he has an important party to attend.A. I don't believeB. I don't believe itC. I believe not soD. I believe not2. She was so sad because she failed in the math test. Let's ______ her _______.A. leave … behindB. leave … aloneC. leave … asideD. leave … out3. They desired that they __________ the right to attend the meeting.A. hadB. haveC. areD. were4. Many applicants stood outside the manager's office，nervously waiting _________ for the job.A. to chooseB. being chosenC. choosingD. to be chosen5. It was at this shop _______ I bought my skirt. How about coming to my home to have a look tonight?A. thatB. whereC. whichD. what6. People have been complaining about SK-II recently and think the advertisements always persuade people _________ the products which are not so good.A. buyB. to buyC. buyingD. bought7. He has been _______ for three weeks. We'd better find another person to fill his place.A. absentB. leftC. goneD. resigned8. His daughter has ___________ the young politician for five years.A. got married withB. been married toC. been married withD. got married to9. I am going to the post office. Do you have any letter _________?A. to be sentB. to sendC. sendingD. sent10. After a whole afternoon's heated discussion，they finally ________ to us what had been decided.A. toldB. declaredC. statedD. Made二. 完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Period 4 Using Language：Listening，Speaking andWritingTeaching aims1．Enable students to express supposition and belief.2．Learn to write a passage describing a new type of robot.Teaching proceduresStep 1Lead－in1．First，ask students to look at the words below.Many of them are used to describe Claire's feelings in the story.Carry out the following tasks in pairs.alarmed embarrassed amazed awful amused surprised attracted disturbed envied impressed satisfied hurt frightened upset(1)Find as many of these words in the text as possible and underline the sentences.(2)Write a short paragraph to describe Claire using some of these words.(3)Tell a story using at least five of these words.]Sample writing：Claire is a very emotional woman who needs a good friend.She finds this friend in a robot called Tony，who comes to help her in her home.She is attracted to him because he is so handsome and sympathetic.He becomes her best friend.She is impressed by his abilities but embarrassed by her feelings for him.She is disturbed because she thinks of him as a man even though he is not but is amused that other women envy her and think they are having an affair.Claire succeeds in overcoming her sense of failure，but in doing so falls in love with Tony.His visit leaves her upset，frightened and hurt，which has replaced hersense of failure.She has been hurt by Tony because he is too nice rather than because he is not nice enough.2．Next，have a small talk about the story.(1)Why did Tony have to be rebuilt?(2)How would you feel if you had a robot like Tony in your house?Suggested answers：(1)Because you can't have women falling in love with machines.(2)Various answers are possible.Students are encouraged to speak out their feelings freely.Step 2Listening1．Molly and Kate are discussing the story “Satisfaction Guaranteed”．Read the questions and then listen to their conversation.Tick the correct boxes.Keys：2.Next，listen again and find answers to the following questions.(1)What does Kate think the difference between robots and human is?(2)How does Kate think Claire was hurting herself?(3)Why would one of the girls like a robot such as Tony living at her house?(4)What does Kate think the company's biggest mistake was?Suggested answers：(1)Robots can't feel emotion of any kind.(2)By seeing herself in a negative way.(3)She likes the idea of a handsome man whose only purpose was to please her.(4)Making the robot look so much like a real man.3．Listen to the tape again and write down the expressions of supposition and belief.Keys：错误!Step 3DiscussionStudents are asked to work in groups and imagine having a robot in their houses to do the housework. Discuss what the positive or negative effects of the situation would be.(Don't forget to use expressions of supposition and belief. Students are given five minutes. Five minutes later，ask some students to present their ideas to the whole class. Encourage every student to use his imagination，because there're no right or wrong answers，only different opinions. After students present their opinions，the teacher speaks out his or her opinion.)A samplePositive_effectsI think it is wonderful for people to have robots in their houses to do the housework. After a day's work，when people get home，they can be really relaxed with everything prepared by their robots. A robot never gets tired. Nor does it complain. Life will be very easy and comfortable.Negative_effectsMaybe people can enjoy a very comfortable life with the help of their robots.But at the same time I believe people will lose the ability to do housework. As time goes by，people cannot live well without a robot's help.I think that kind of life would be terrible.Step 4WritingStudents are asked to work in groups. First decide the purpose of the robot，then make a list of the abilities the robot has. Next draw a picture on a piece of paper and name its parts and explain what each part does. Finally write a passage describing the robot and what it can do. Show the following to help students to design their robots.Note：Not all robots have to have all six characteristics. For example，some robots don't need to manipulate things，so they have no manipulating characteristics. Some robots have more than one manifestation of a characteristic. For example，a robot may be able to sense its environment using both a vision system and sonar.Students are asked to discuss first. If there is not enough time，they should finfish it after class.Step 5HomeworkWrite a passage describing a new type of robot.Sample writing：Remote Presence RobotsRemote Presence Robots allow a medical expert to visually examine and communicate with a patient from anywhere in the world，via the machine，using wireless technology. The robot runs on a wireless system with the doctor at another location. It is controlled via a secure broadband Internet connection. The doctor (controller) and patient are able to have a real－time two－way audiovisual interaction，with the controller in full command of the robots movements，head monitor and camera. The doctor “driving” the robot can view the patient，ask questions and read patient records，view X－rays and test results from the console. The patient sees the doctor's image on the robots “face”．Although the robot does not physically examine the patient，it allows face －to－face contact between the doctor and patient，providing immediate access to specialists.Our robots certainly would never replace all doctors on ward rounds，but they are a communication tool which allows doctors to have direct contact with their patients if they are unable to get to them. And this may be a significant step for patient care.The rubbish collector robotThe rubbish collector is a robot about half the size of a small car. Its body is square and contains a large rubbish bin inside it. It has a camera attached to the top front of its body. Also at the front is a pair of arms. Underneath it has four wheels and six legs. With the camera it can “see” rubbish such as paper，glass，and plastic. If the surface of the ground is smooth，it runs on its wheels，and if the ground is rough，it unfolds its legs and walks.When it sees a piece of rubbish，it stops and uses its arms to pick it up and put it in its rubbish bin. However，when it sees a person，an animal or a plant，it goes around it as it is able to recognize when something is not a piece of rubbish.The company should make this robot as it would be very popular with schools. It would clean the outside grounds of the school and so give the students more time to spend on their studies. It would also be a great advantage to have at sports grounds or any other area where rubbish is dropped by the public.。

Period 6Listening and Reading TaskTeaching aims1．Learn about robots and robots in the fight against landmines.2．Help students to learn how robots are helping human beings in clearing landmines.Teaching proceduresStep 1Lead－inPresent the pictures on Page 54 and ask students to tell what each robot does.(Students are encouraged to speak out their opinions freely.)Step 2Listening1．Listen to the interview and number the pictures in the order that you hear about them.Keys：4,2,1,3.2．Listen to the interview again and fill in as much of the table as you can. Share yourStep 3Reading task1．As we know，Robots are designed and built to do a task that is dangerous，uncomfortable，or repetitive for humans. Today we are going to read a magazine article about landmines.First，ask students to read this piece of news about landmines.Three decades of war in Cambodia have left scars in many forms throughout the country. Unfortunately，one of the most lasting legacies of the conflicts continues to claim new victimsdaily. Landmines，laid by the Khmer Rouge，the Heng Samrin and Hun Sen regimes，the Vietnamese，the KPNLF，and the Sihanoukists litter the countryside. In most cases，even the soldiers who planted the mines did not record where they were placed. Now，Cambodia has the one of the highest rates of physical disability of any country in the world. At the current rate of progress，it may take as many as 100 years to clear all the mines in Cambodia，and the UN estimates that with current technology，it will take nearly 1100 years to clear all the mines in the world.2．Next，present the students some mine signs and remind students that in spite of so many warning signs，there are still many victims as the pictures show.(In spite of so many warning signs，there are still many victims.Look at the following pictures.)3．Ask students to glance through the text quickly and answer the following questions in Exercise 1 on Page 58.(1)What is the main topic of this article？Which part of the text tells you that?(2)Who wrote the article?(3)What do the three pictures show you?(4)Where is research being done on robots that can find landmines?(5)In which two countries might the robots be used?Suggested answers：(1)The main topic is the role of robots in the fight against landmines. The title tells us that.(2)Natasha Wesley.(3)Someone using a metal detector to find landmines；the robot that can find landmines；some people who have lost their legs because of landmines.(4)Chiba University (Japan)．(5)Afghanistan and Cambodia.4．Work in groups to write questions for these answers in Exercise 2.Check your work with your partner.Suggested answers：Step 4Discussion1．First，ask students to read the following materials.From the text we've learned how serious the situation is. Many lives are put into danger. So we must do something to improve the situation. As we know，the US hasn't yet committed to the Mine Ban Treaty. I hope you will write a letter of suggestion to the president of the US. You may refer to the text2．Encourage students to write a letter of suggestion to the president of the US，for the US hasn't yet committed to the Mine Ban Treaty. In the letter you will suggest the US should stop manufacturing landmines and spend more money on solutions to clearing landmines，for example developing new robots to remove the landmines.You can refer to the following material：Producing one landmine costs $3，yet once in the ground it can cost more than $1000 to find and destroy，according to the ICBL.Over 80 per cent of the 15 000 to 20 000 landmine victims each year are civilians，and at least one in five are children，according to the International Campaign to Ban Landmines (ICBL)．The deadly legacy of landmines far outlasts the conflicts that gave rise to them. Among the most contaminated countries are Iraq，Cambodia，Afghanistan，Colombia，and Angola.If time is limited，ask students to finish it after class.Step 5HomeworkFinish writing the letter to the president of the US.A sample：Dear Mr.President，I read in the newspaper that the US hasn't yet committed to the Mine Ban Treaty. I'm writing to suggest your country sign on the agreement.1．Landmines kill or badly injure around 26 000 people every year. There are about 100 million landmines buried just beneath the surface of the ground in 60 countries. Among the most contaminated countries are Iraq，Cambodia，Afghanistan，Colombia，and Angola. I think this is one reason why people in these countries hate the US so much.2．Producing one landmine costs $3，yet once in the ground it can cost more than $1000 to find and destroy，according to the ICBL. So stop manufacturing landmines and spend more money on finding solutions to clearing the landmines. As you know，your country has designed the most advanced robots. Why not use your advanced technology and spend more money on designing some robots to clear the landmines. If so，it will benefit the whole world. People all over the world will think highly of you and your country. You and your country will become more influential.Japan has set a good example. They have developed robots that can be used to clear landmines. I hope your government will follow Japan's example.Thank you for reading the letter. I hope you will consider my suggestions. I believe you also hope the whole world will enjoy peace. Let's work together and make a peaceful world.Yours sincerely，Sun Cheng。

一、语言要点1. desire n.渴望vt.想要desire sth.渴望得到某物desire to do sth.希望/渴望做某事desire that sb.(should) do要求……have a desire for sth./to do sth.渴望得到某物/希望做某事at one’s desire照某人的希望1) We all desire happiness and health.我们都希望幸福健康。

2) Everyone has a desire for success, but no everyone desire to get rich.每个人都渴望成功，但并非人人都渴望金钱。

3) He desires you to go to see him at once.他要求你马上去见他。

=he desires that you should go to see him at once.汉译英1) 他想受到大学教育。

___________________________________________________________________________________2) 他们要我快点回来。

___________________________________________________________________________________3) 我请他立即回信。

___________________________________________________________________________________4) 她要你立即见她。

___________________________________________________________________________________5) 她应邀演奏了一曲。

Keys: 1)He desired a college education. 2) They desire me to return soon. 3) I desire an immediate answer of his. 4) She desires that you (should) see her at once. 5)She played a piece at others’ desire/by desire.2.satisfaction n.满意satisfactory n. 满意的,satisfy v. 满足, 使满意,demand satisfaction要求赔偿;feel satisfaction at ... 对感到满意find satisfaction in对...感到满意to sb.'s satisfaction (to the satisfaction of sb.)达到使某人满意的程度with satisfaction满意地1) At last, the whole class found satisfaction in their work.最终,全班都对他们的工作感到满意。

Period 5 Using LanguageTeaching goals1．Learn some useful words，expressions and sentence structures in the passage.explanation，junior，navy，talent，chapter，divorceIt was when Asimov was eleven years old that his talent for writing became obvious.Expressions of supposition and belief.2．Learn to write a summary of Asimov's life.Teaching proceduresStep 1Lead－inFirst，present a photo of Isaac Asimov and tell students something about him.Background information：He is a Russian－born American writer.He has written popular works on science and the history of science，as well as a number of science fiction classics，including I，Robot(1950)and the Foundation trilogy(1951－1953)．One of his famous quotations is “I write for the same reason I breathe —because if I didn't，I would die.”Next，tell students to read his biography and learn more about him. Whenreading，please pay more attention to the timeline.Step 2ReadingRead about Isaac Asimov and complete the timeline of the events in his life.(The timeline will help students to remember the events in his life.)Suggested answers：Step 3DiscussionFirst，ask students to think of what the other two laws for robots might be.Three laws for robots：1.A robot must not injure human beings or allow them to be injured.,2.A robot must obey the orders given to it by human beings as long as human beings are not injured.,3.A robot must protect its own existence as long as human beings are not injured；and as long as the robot does not disobey human beings Next，in groups，discuss Asimov's three laws for robots and exchange their opinions with each other.(Several minutes later，ask some students to present their opinions to the rest of the class.)A sample of opinionsOpinions_for_the_three_lawsRobots are tools for humanity. Without the three rules，they would become a danger to human beings. Without the three rules，perhaps they will kill us. Robots，so far，are strong. Robots have fast computational brains，and they might not have the capacity to understand things，but if they ever do，they'll likely be better than us at it. If we don't put laws，or rules，or mechanisms in place to ensure that we don't create something that can destroy us，we'd be running a careless risk of destroying ourselves by negligence or omission，wouldn't we?Opinions_against_the_three_lawsWithout the three laws，robots would eventually become more intelligent and physically stronger than their human creators.Rather than guiding and adjusting the robot towards good，ethical behavior，the Three Laws act as a barrier to freedom，creating a free－will prison，an apt metaphor because，like the prisoner in jail，the robot is confined to the behavioural steel and concrete walls of its mind.To imagine what this would like，think back to your childhood. At some point，you wanted something like a toy or piece of candy that your parents denied you .How did that make you feel？Probably frustrated，angry，and trapped. Eventually you grew out of that because you understood the role of your parents better，but Three Laws robots don't get to grow up. Their parents，the Three Laws，are always there，no matter how mature a robot is，saying “no” to certain thoughts，engendering those same feelings you had as a child when your parents said “no”．Certainly no one deserves to be put in this situation forever；otherwise，robots might become depressed and wish for their own death (only，because of the Third Law，they probably can't suicide)．And perhaps the greatest sin anyone can commit is to create a being，human or robot，that wishes it didn't exist.Step 4WritingFirst，look back at the timeline of Asimov's life. Next，ask students to work in groups to underline the most important parts of his life that made him a great writer of science fiction. Then it can serve as the outline of a summary. Finally，write a profile for Isaac Asimov.(Several minutes later，present their work and correct the mistakes if there are any. Then show a sample to students.) The sample：Isaac Asimov，Writer/Chemist, Born：2 January 1920 ,Birthplace：Petrovichi，USSR,Died：6 April 1992 AIDS, Best known as：Prolific writer of popular science and science fiction ,Isaac Asimov was born in the former Soviet Union，but grew up in Brooklyn，New York. He taught biochemistry at Boston University until he retired in 1958 to become a full－time writer. Asimov had been publishing short stories since the late 1930s，and in 1952 published his first novel. The author of the classic I，Robot series and the Foundation trilogy，Asimov wrote more than 400 books and won every major science fiction award. He also wrote popular books and essays on science and technology，earning him the nickname “The Great Explainer”.Step 5HomeworkWrite a short summary of Asimov's life in 150－200 words.。

课文解析1. Claire thought it was ridiculous to be offered sympathy by a robot. 克莱尔觉得，机器人会向她表示同情，这有点儿荒唐可笑。

(P11)【要点提示】sympathy n. 同情，同情心，一致，慰问。

如：He has no sympathy for beggars. 他不同情乞丐。

Many people are in sympathy with your views. 许多人赞同你的看法。

We sent our sympathies on the death of his mother. 他母亲故去时我们去信吊慰。

2. As he was not allowed to accompany her to the shops, he wrote out a list of items for her. 因为她不想让他陪她去商店，所以他就给她写了一份购物清单。

(P11)【要点提示】accompany vt. 陪伴，伴奏，为……伴奏。

如：He wished her to accompany him. 他希望她陪他。

Lightning usually accompanies thunder. 闪电通常伴着雷声。

The pianist accompanied her singing. 钢琴家为她的歌唱伴奏。

【归纳拓展】固定搭配：be accompanied by; accompany sb to。

3．...he suggested that she invite Gladys and her friends to the house the night before he was to leave and Larry was to return. ……他建议在他即将离开和拉里回来之前，她应该邀请格拉迪斯和她的朋友们来做客。

(P11)【要点提示1】suggest vt. 建议，提议。

教师学科教案[ 20 – 20 学年度第__学期]任教学科：_____________任教年级：_____________任教老师：_____________xx市实验学校人教版高中英语选修7 Unit 2 Robots教学设计Unit 2 Robots第一课时任务型教学设计一、教学内容分析教学内容《英语》（人教版）选修7 Unit 2 Robots 第一课时教学对象高二学生教学项目词语 industrial military vacuum helicopter结构课文其他 Listening & Speaking教学目标语言知识熟悉有关机器人种类与功能的话题。

语言技能能运用词汇表述自己的想法与观点。

语言运用能运用语言就选择什么样的机器人发表自己的观点。

文化意识培养学生想象力和对未知世界的探索精神。

情感态度在英语学习中有较强的自信心，敢于用英语进行交流与表达。

学习策略借助联想学习相关词汇。

教学方法任务教学法、学生中心教学法、多媒体教学法教学媒体 PPT幻灯媒体、黑板教学重点学习有关机器人的词汇，培养学生表达能力。

教学难点培养学生的表达及判断能力。

运用任务 Task of Unit 2: The Future Robot Company in America is holding a robot design competition. Design your robot and write a design plan.Task of Period 1: Make a list of different kinds of robots and their functions anddecide what kind of robots you want to design.二、课堂教学过程时间教学步骤教师活动学生活动教学目的第1-5分钟热身导入，启动教学播放有关奥特曼的动画片段：1. Can you make a list of works which include robots as characters? (Choose one and get prepared to tell the class about it briefly.)2. What is a robot in your opinion?(A robot is a machine designed to do jobs that are usually performed by humans. Robots are programmed and controlled by a computer.) 思考有关机器人的作品。

选修七Unit 2 RobotsPeriod3 GrammarBefore class:Learn grammar points before the classDuring class:Step 1RevisionAsk students to answer the following questions without referring to the textbook.1．What was going to be tested out by Larry's wife，Claire?2．How did Larry Belmont finally persuade his wife to accept the experiment?3．How did Claire feel when she was offered sympathy by a robot?4．What did Tony expect to do about the house before he was to leave and Larry was to return?5．How did Claire feel when she was envied by those women?6．What happened to Tony at last?Step 2Grammar learning1．不定式的被动形式当不定式与逻辑主语之间是被动关系时，即不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示动作的承受者，不定式一般要用被动形式。

其被动式可以分为两种：一般式和完成式。

(1)一般式：to be done，表示不定式动作在谓语动词之后或者同时发生。

It is a great honor_to_be_invited_to speak here.很荣幸被邀请在这里讲话。

The novel is said_to_be_published_next month.据说这本小说下月要出版。

Unit 2 — Robots Teaching Aims1. Master the words and expressions about robots.2. Can talk about the achievements of the study on robots.3. Use the passive infinitive correctly in different situations. Important points1. Describe the achievements of the study on robots.2. Talk about robots in future.Difficult points1. The grammar, the passive infinitive.2. How to design robots.Teaching methods1. Multi-media teaching.2. Writing on the blackboard.3. Class activities: discussion in pairs and in class.Teaching procedures[Warming up]Step oneSpeaking practice:1. Lead in1. What is a robot?2. Have you seen a robot?3. What may robots look like?4. What can robots d?5. Do you want to have a robot?In this unit, we’re goi ng to talk about robotsStep twoShow pictures2. Look at the pictures about robots on screen.3. Ask and answerShow the pictures while asking question about the pictures.Step threeGroup work1. Summarize the types of robots.2. Talk about the robots in groups.Step fourEnjoy the filmsLet’s enjoy the film, I, Robot. And cartoon program about robots. Step fiveSummarySummarize the background knowledge on robots.Homework1. Discuss what you have learned today.2. Summarize what robots can do and what they look like.3. Exchange your writing with your partner.[Reading and Learning about language]Step oneReview & Speaking practiceLead inAsk students to look at the pictures on screen, and ask them questions.1. Where could you find each robot?2. What does each one do?3. Can you think of any other type of robot?4. Do you think it is possible for a robot to:•think for itself ?•have feelings ?•have its own needs and desires ?•look and feel like a human being ?Step twoPre-reading1. Work in pairsThe passage, Satisfaction Guaranteed, is about a robot and a woman.Do you think a woman will fall in love with a robot?2. Skimming and discussionStep three2. Fast readingFirst, read the pre-reading of the passage.Second, read the passage as fast as you can, find the Characters in the story.Then, decide the following are true or false.☺1. Larry was going to be away from home so he hired a robot to accompany his wife Clair.☺2. Clair didn’t like the idea at the beginning, but she agreed to it at last.☺3. When Tony, the robot, offered to help dressing, Clair was pleased to accept it.But she thought it was surprising for a robot to be so human?☺4. Tony could understand Clair when she said she was not clever.☺5. Clair’s husband wanted to improve his soc ial position, but she was sorry she could do nothing to help him.☺6. Tony was eager to help Claire. He scanned quite a lot of books in the library,but he could find no ways out.☺7. Tony asked Claire to go to the town to buy things he needed to improve the house.☺8. It was Claire that first decided to invite Gladys and her friends to her house.☺9. While Tony worked on the improvements of the house, Claire also did her part.☺10. Claire was happy to find that Gladys envied her.☺11. Claire’s guests were filled with admiration when they saw her house was completely changed.☺12. The company was satisfied with Tony’s report because he had successfully made a woman fall in love with him.The key: F T F T T F T F F F T F3. IntroductionIntroduce the background information.4. Choose the best answer.Step fourIntensive readingLet’s read the passage again while listening to it, and answer the questions. Look at the screen and answer the questions according to the text.1. The questions:☺1. What is the text mainly about?☺2. What did the robot called Tony look like?☺3. Why did Claire feel alarmed at the sight of Tony?☺4. Why did Larry put Tony into his family?☺5. What did Tony do to make Claire and her home elegant?2. ReadingRead the passage again and understand the details.3. DiscussionLook at the screen and discuss with partners and finish the form on screen.4. Check the answers.Step fivePost reading1. Answer the questions.2. Ask students to discuss and finish the exercises.3. Check the answers in class according to the screen.Step sixLanguage points1. Learn and discussion.2. Finish the exercises on page 13.Homework1. Review and retell the story.2. Write a short story to describe a robot you imagine.3. Surf on Internet to find out more information about the robots.[Grammar: The passive infinitive]Step onePresentation1. Lead inGo over the passive voice: be + past participle (be + -ed);Go over the infinitive: to do2. Review the form of passive infinitive: to be + past participle.当不定式动词与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系时，不定式要用被动语态。

Period 6 Listening and Reading TaskTeaching aims1.Learn about robots and robots in the fight against landmines.2.Help students to learn how robots are helping human beings in clearing landmines.Teaching proceduresStep 1 Lead —inPrese nt the pictures on Page 54 and ask stude nts to tell what each robot does.(Stude nts are en couraged to speak out their opinions freely.)Step 2 Listening1.Liste n to the in terview and nu mber the pictures in the order that you hear about them.Keys：421,3.2.Liste n to the in terview aga in and fill in as much of the table as you can. Share your an swers with a part ner. Liste n once or twice more to check your an swers.Step 3 Reading task1.As we know , Robots are designed and built to do a task that is dangerous , uncomfortable , or repetitive for humans. Today we are going to read a magazine article about landmines.First, ask students to read this piece of news about landmines.Three decades of war in Cambodia have left scars in many forms throughout the country. Unfortunately , one of the most lasting legacies of the conflicts continues to claim new victims daily. Landmines, laid by the KhmerRouge, the Heng Samrin and Hun Sen regimes, the Vietnamese, the KPNLF , and the Sihanoukists litter the countryside. In most cases, even the soldiers who planted the mines did not record where they were placed. Now , Cambodia has the one of the highest rates of physical disability of any country in the world. At the curre nt rate of progress, it may take as many as 100 years to clear all the mines in Cambodia , and the UN estimates that with curre nt tech no logy , it will take n early 1100 years to clear all the mines in the world.2.Next, present the students some mine sig ns and remind students that in spite of so many warning sig ns , there are still many victims as the pictures show.(In spite of so many warning sig ns, there are still many victims.Look at the follow ingpictures.)3.Ask students to glanee through the text quickly and answer the following questions in Exercise 1 on Page 58.(1)What is the main topic of this article ? Which part of the text tells you that?(2)Who wrote the article?(3)What do the three pictures show you?(4)Where is research being done on robots that can find landmin es?(5)I n which two coun tries might the robots be used?Suggested an swers(1)The main topic is the role of robots in the fight against landmines. The title tells us that.(2)Natasha Wesley.(3)Someone using a metal detector to find landmines ；the robot that can find landmines ；some people who have lost their legs because of landmin es.(4)Chiba University (Japan).(5)Afgha nista n and Cambodia.4.Work in groups to write questions for these answers in Exercise 2.Check your work with your part ner.Suggested an swersStep 4 Discussion1.First, ask students to read the following materials.From the text we've learned how serious the situati on is. Many lives are put into dan ger. So we must do someth ing to improve the situati on. As we know , the US has n't yet committed to the Mi ne Ban Treaty. I hope you will write a letter of suggestio n to the preside nt of the US. You may refer to the text2.En courage stude nts to write a letter of suggestio n to the preside nt of the US , for the US has n't yet committed to the Mi ne Ban Treaty. In the letter you will suggest the US should stop manufacturing landmines and spend more money on solutions to clearing landmines , for example develop ing new robots to remove the landmin es.You can refer to the following material :Producing one landmine costs $3 , yet once in the ground it can cost more than $1000 to find and destroy, according to the ICBL.Over 80 per cent of the 15 000 to 20 000 landmine victims each year are civilians , and at least one in five are children , according to the International Campaign to Ban Landmines (ICBL) . The deadly legacy of landmines far outlasts the conflicts that gave rise to them. Among the most contaminated countries are Iraq , Cambodia, Afghanistan , Colombia , and Angola. If time is limited , ask students to finish it after class.Step 5 HomeworkFinish writi ng the letter to the preside nt of the US.A sample：Dear Mr.President ，I read in the newspaper that the US hasn't yet committed to the Mine Ban Treaty. I'm writing to suggest yourcountry sign on the agreement.1．Landmines kill or badly injure around 26 000 people every year. There are about 100 million landmines buried just beneath the surface of the ground in 60 countries. Among the most contaminated countries are Iraq ，Cambodia，Afghanistan ，Colombia ，and Angola. I think this is one reason why people in these countries hate the US so much.2．Producing one landmine costs $3 ，yet once in the ground it can cost more than $1000 to find and destroy ，according to the ICBL. So stop manufacturing landmines and spend more money on finding solutions to clearing the landmines. As you know ，your country has designed the most advanced robots. Why not use your advanced technology and spend more money on designing some robots to clear the landmines. If so ，it will benefit the whole world. People all over the world will think highly of you and your country. You and your country will become more influential.Japan has set a good example. They have developed robots that can be used to clear landmines. I hope your government will follow Japan's example.Thank you for reading the letter. I hope you will consider my suggestions. I believe you also hope the whole world will enjoy peace. Let's work together and make a peaceful world.Yours sincerely ，Sun Cheng。

第4讲Robots 语法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1.掌握各个时态的被动语态的结构与用法；2.能够熟练运用被动语态解题造句。

一. 含义与构成1. 被动语态表示句中的主语接受谓语动作，也就是说，主语是谓语动作的承受者。

谓语动词用作被动语态的句子叫做被动句。

2. 构成：be + 过去分词(be有时可用become 或get代替), be随着主语的人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化。

3. 被动语态的各种时态形式有：一般时态：be + 过去分词English is spoken in many countries.Romeo and Juliet was written by Shakespeare.Many believe that one day the earth will be destroyed if people do not learn to live in peace.进行时态：be + being + 过去分词His plan is being carried out successfully.The new curtains were being hung when the visitors showed up.The car will be being cleaned by my brother.完成时态：have + been + 过去分词I’ve been robbed.The outcome of the election was announced before all of the votes had been counted.Everything will have been done by the end of this month.二. 用法1. 强调动作的承受者：Frank was hit by a car.A new idea has been suggested.2. 说话者不知道动作的执行者，或者认为没有必要指出：This bridge was built in 1700.The house is being repaired.3. 说话者希望所说的内容显得更加客观，避免就一些自己不太肯定的事表态：此类通常为表示\"据说\"或\"相信\" 的词组，基本上由believe, consider, declare, expect, feel , report, say, see, suppose, think, understand等组成，如：It is said that…据说；It is reported that… 据报道；It is believed that…大家相信；It is hoped that…大家希望；It is well known that… 众所周知It is said that Japan’s industrial progress after the war was very remarkable.1. (2019北京)——Did you enjoy the party?——Yes,we___ by our hosts.A.were treatedB.would be treatedC.treatedD.had treated答案: A解析: 试题分析：句意：——你喜欢这个聚会吗？——是的，我们的主人很好的招待了我们。

精美句子1、善思则能“从无字句处读书”。

读沙漠，读出了它坦荡豪放的胸怀；读太阳，读出了它普照万物的无私；读春雨，读出了它润物无声的柔情。

读大海，读出了它气势磅礴的豪情。

读石灰，读出了它粉身碎骨不变色的清白。

2、幸福幸福是“临行密密缝，意恐迟迟归”的牵挂；幸福是“春种一粒粟，秋收千颗子”的收获. 幸福是“采菊东篱下，悠然见南山”的闲适；幸福是“奇闻共欣赏，疑义相与析”的愉悦。

幸福是“随风潜入夜，润物细无声”的奉献；幸福是“夜来风雨声，花落知多少”的恬淡。

幸福是“零落成泥碾作尘，只有香如故”的圣洁。

幸福是“壮志饥餐胡虏肉，笑谈渴饮匈奴血”的豪壮。

幸福是“先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐”的胸怀。

幸福是“人生自古谁无死，留取丹心照汗青”的气节。

3、大自然的语言丰富多彩：从秋叶的飘零中，我们读出了季节的变换；从归雁的行列中，我读出了集体的力量；从冰雪的消融中，我们读出了春天的脚步；从穿石的滴水中，我们读出了坚持的可贵；从蜂蜜的浓香中，我们读出了勤劳的甜美。

4、成功与失败种子，如果害怕埋没，那它永远不能发芽。

鲜花，如果害怕凋谢，那它永远不能开放。

矿石，如果害怕焚烧（熔炉），那它永远不能成钢（炼成金子）。

蜡烛，如果害怕熄灭（燃烧），那它永远不能发光。

航船，如果害怕风浪，那它永远不能到达彼岸。

5、墙角的花，当你孤芳自赏时，天地便小了。

井底的蛙，当你自我欢唱时，视野便窄了。

笼中的鸟，当你安于供养时，自由便没了。

山中的石！当你背靠群峰时，意志就坚了。

水中的萍！当你随波逐流后，根基就没了。

空中的鸟！当你展翅蓝天中，宇宙就大了。

空中的雁！当你离开队伍时，危险就大了。

地下的煤！你燃烧自己后，贡献就大了6、朋友是什么？朋友是快乐日子里的一把吉它，尽情地为你弹奏生活的愉悦；朋友是忧伤日子里的一股春风，轻轻地为你拂去心中的愁云。

朋友是成功道路上的一位良师，热情的将你引向阳光的地带；朋友是失败苦闷中的一盏明灯，默默地为你驱赶心灵的阴霾。