四.数词
一.数词的定义
数词是表示数目多少或先后顺序的词,有基数词和序数词两种。表数量的数词叫基数词，如one, two, three。表顺序的数词叫序数词，如first, second, third, fourth, fifth,...
二.基数词
（一）构成
1）1~12单独记
one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve
2)13~19词尾为-teen：thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen
3)20~90逢整十词尾为-ty：twenty, thirty,forty,fifity,...
4)21~ 99在十位数和个位数之间加连字符构成，如：
73 seventy-three, 88 eighty-eight
5)101~ 999先说几百，再加and,再加末尾两位数，如：
178 one hundred and seventy-eight
6)1000以上的数词，先从后向前数，每三位用一个数逗点“，”隔开。第一个“，”是thousand 千，第二个“，”是million百万，第三个“，”是billion美语中的十亿（英国用thousand million），然后一节一节地用几百几十几的方法来数。
①英语中没有“万”，用ten thousand 10,000表示
②十万的表示法：one hundred thousand 100,000
③百万的表示方法：a/one million 1,000,000
④千万及以上的表示法：
2百亿 twenty thousand million（英），twenty billion（美）
万亿，兆a trillion=a million million =1012,(旧指-尤英国，百万兆，1018)
（二）基数词的使用
基数词可在句中作主语、表语、定语、状语、介宾、同位语。
Two of them are students.主语
Two and two are four. 表语
We two joined the army.同位语
Two thousand people were present at the meeting.定语
（三）基数词使用的注意事项
1）hundred, thousand, million, billion, score(20),dozen(12)前有数词表示具体数目时，这些词不加复数。当前无数词时，这些数词要加复数后再加of 连接名词，来表示不具体量。如：five hundred people, two score apples, hundreds of people, scores of pears, thousands of, thousands and thousands of, tens of thousands of, millions of, a few hundred men, many thousands of men, some/several million(s of) men
2)表示“几十”的数词的复数形式前用形容词性物主代词修饰可用来表示“在某人…十几岁时”；用定冠词修饰表示“…年代”。
in one's early twenties(thirties)在某人二十（三十）几岁时
the 1840's/the 1840s 19世纪40年代
the 1980s/the 1980’s 20世纪80年代
▲十亿以上的大数，英美有不同的表示：
英国英语美国英语
十亿thousand million one billion
百亿ten thousand million ten billion
千亿hundred thousand million one hundred billion
万亿one thousand billion one trillion
年代的读法:
297读作two ninety-seven或two hundred and ninety-seven
1908读作nineteen and eight或nineteen o eight或nineteen hundred and eight 1949读作nineteen forty-nine或nineteen hundred and forty-nine
2000读作two thousand
4)a.在美国英语中，表示几点过几分可用after,表示几点差几分可用before。如:12点10分：ten after twelve。11点50分：ten before twelve。
b.若想表明是上午，可在时间后加上am或a. m.(a.m.是拉丁语ante meridiem的缩写，意为“上午”)，若想表明是下午，可在时间后加上pm或p. m. (p.m.是拉丁语post meridiem 的缩写意为“下午”)。a.m.或p. m.前若是整点，用了a. m.或p. m后，不再用o'clock，也不可加“：00 ”。如：at 8 a. m.（上午8点），at 5 p. m.（下午5点）。
c.表示“…点整”时，用sharp。如: at nine o'clock sharp（九点整），at 23:00 sharp （二十三点整）。
5)年龄表达
①表示“…岁”
He is eighteen (years old). He is aged eighteen.
He is at the age of eighteen. His age is eighteen.
②表示“快满…岁”
He will be eighteen years old.
He is going on eighteen years old.
He is getting on for eighteen.
It will be his eighteenth birthday.
③表示“不满…岁”
He is barely/nearly/almost eighteen.
He is not quite/yet eighteen.
He is under/below eighteen.
④表示“已经…岁”可用以下方法表示：
He is past/over/above eighteen.
He is more than eighteen.
He has turned eighteen.
⑤表示大概年龄时用“in one's +基数词复数形式”结构。
a.从十三岁到十九岁，用in one's teens .
b.二十岁以上就用in one's twenties/thirties/forties/fifties …/nineties，还可以借助early，middle，late来表达得更明确一些。
三.序数词
1）记忆口诀，基数词变为序数词
一二三要单独记：one-first, two-second, three-third
th 要从四加起：four-fourth, five-fifth,...
eight 少个t ：eight- eighth
nine 去掉e ：nine-ninth
ve 用f 来代替：five-fifth, twelve-twelfth
ty 变成tie ：twenty-twentieth
表第“几十几”，基数加序数记心里：twenty-one→twenty -first
2)序数词在句中主要作定语，一般情况下序数词前要加定冠词。Monday is the second day of a week.
3)序数词前有时加不定冠词，表示“又一、再一”，相当于another 。
Would you like a second cup of tea?
I had a fourth apple.我(吃了三个苹果后)又吃了一个苹果。
4）first, second 等有时可表示一批人或物。
The first milu deer came from China in the 1860s.
最早的麋鹿是在十九世纪六十年代来自中国的。
5）有时序数词作状语，不加冠词。
He came out first in the contest.
他在比赛中得第一名。
6）first, second 等在用来指“冠军、亚军”等获胜名次时也常不加冠词。
He is first.他是冠军。
四.百分数、分数、小数的构成及用法
1)百分数：基数词加百分号％percent: 89%→eight-nine percent
2)分数：分子基数词，分母序数词。分子大于1，分母用复数。分子与分母用连字符连接。
1/3: one third, 2/5: two fifths
3)带分数：基数词 + and +分数表达：5 6/7 : five and six-sevenths
1/2: a half, one half 1/4: one-fourth, one /a quarter
3/4: three quarters
1/3: a third(33.33r %读作 thirty-three point three three recurring percent)
3）小数：小数点读作“point ”，数字一律用基数词
1.45: one point four five
4)通常分数、百分数、小数做定语。“分数（百分数）of +名词”作主语时谓语动词是根据名词确定的，名词为单数动词即用单数，名词为复数动词即用复数动词。
50% apples are here.
One third apple is eaten.
★one and a half 后名词用复数，谓语动词一般用单数，不过事实上也可用复数。
五. 加减乘除运算表达
4 + 4＝8：Four plus/added to four equals eight.
Four and four are eight.
7－3＝4： Seven minus three is four.
Three from seven leaves four.
8×8＝64：Eight multiplied by eight is sixty -four.
Eight times eight is sixty -four.
20÷4＝5：Twenty divided by four is five.
Four into twenty goes five.
六、倍数表达
表示倍数时，一倍用once，两倍用twice，三倍以上用“基数词+times"。
1.常用句式：
①...times+ 形容词/副词的比较级＋than...
②...times as+形容词/副词原级+as+...
③...times the size/length/height/width/...of+ n.表示“是…长/高/宽的几倍”
Li Ming runs twice faster than Lily.
The river is three times longer than that one.
= The river is three times as long as that one.
Our classroom is four times as big as yours.
= Our classroom is four times bigger than yours.
The new building is four times the size of the old one．
2.有时我们用这三个句型的变体
1)“...times as many/much + n. + as + n.”或
“...times as much/many as + n.”
We have produced twice as many cars this year as we expected.
我们今年生产的汽车是预期的两倍。
There are four times as many books in our library as in theirs.
我们图书馆的书是他们图书馆的四倍。
The price of this product is twice as much as that of the previous one.该产品的价格是前一种的两倍。
2) ...times +more+名词+than+被比较对象
He earns five times more money than he did ten years ago.
他现在挣的钱是十年前挣的五倍。
3) ...times +that of +被比较对象
The size of the newly broadened square is four times that of the previous one. 新扩建的广场为以前的四倍大。
The hospital charges three to five times that of ordinary ones．
这家医院的收费是一般医院的三至五倍。
4) ...times + what从句
The world's population has grown to more than six times what it was in 1800. The figure is now approaching 6.5 billion people.
目前的世界人口与1800年相比已经增长到那时的六倍多，这个数字现在将近65亿。
The price of the meat is' now double/twice what it was last year. 现在的肉价是去年的两倍。
5) ...times +over或up to
The grain output in that province is twice over that of 2002.
那个省的粮食产量是2002年的两倍。
He is three times up to your age.他的年龄是你的三倍。
6) ...times +compared with+被比较对象
The number of computer imports has increased 4 times compared with last year.计算机的进口量与去年相比增加了四倍。
7)用分数、百分数来表示倍数。
The box is one-third bigger than that one.
这个盒子比那个盒子大三分之一。
Last year the output value of industry was 30 percent higher than that of 2003.
去年工业产值比2003年增长了30%。
4.用其他方式来表示倍数
I'm twice/double his age. 我的年龄是他的两倍。
The top-brand clothes are often sold as double the normal price here. 这里名牌衣服的售价经常比正常的售价高一倍。
I've paid five times the usual price for the stamp.
我出了五倍于往常的价格买这枚邮票。
七、模糊概数表达法
绝大多数数词在指明事物的数目时，是不考虑自身的数的，但有些数词也有单数和复数形式。
1.当hundred，thousand，million，billion前面有基数词时，用单数形式，词尾不加-s；前面有many， several，a few修饰时，仍用单数形式：several billion years
2.表示概数时，用ten, hundred, thousand, billion的复数形式加of,后面接复数名词。 thousands of lakes and forests
3.强调数目众多时，可将tens, hundreds, thousands等用of, and或upon连接。
tens of thousands of几万
hundreds of thousands of几十万
hundreds and hundreds of成百上千的
thousands upon thousands of成千上万的
4.dozen和score表示具体数目，也可表示模糊概数
1)dozen和score表示具体数目与基数词连用时,dozen和score用单数形式。
two dozen pencils, three score years
2)dozen表示具体数目时，不加-s也不用of: two dozen eggs。但后接代词、指示代词（these/those等）或所接的名词前有限定词，就要加of: a dozen of these books一打这样的书, a dozen of us 我们中十二个人
3) score表示具体数目时，不加-s，但可用of。
a score of eggs二十个鸡蛋 ten score of books 200本书
4) dozen和score表示模糊概数时，加-s并加of。
dozens of people几十个人 scores of times几十次
八、约数表达法
1.“许多；很多；大量”的表达
在英语中，表示“许多，很多，大量”含义的单词除了many和much以外，还有许多较常用的词组。
1)只接可数名词复数的有several, (a good/great)many, hundreds of, a
(large/good/great) number of, numbers of, few, a few, quite a few, not a few等。
2)只接不可数名词的有little, a little, qute a little, an amount of, amounts of, a
good/great deal of, a large sum of等。
3)既可接可数名词复数也可接不可数名词的有some, any, all, none, enough, plenty of,
a lot of, lots of, a (large) quantity of, quantities of, a diversity of, diversities of, a variety of, varieties of, a world of, a wealth of等。
2.表示“多于，超过”用more than或over
3.表示“少于”用less than
4.表示“或…以上”用or more
Literally，multimedia means two or more media.
从字面上看，多媒体是指两种或两种以上的媒体。
5.表示“或…以下”用or less
The whole procedure will take perhaps only five minutes or less.
整个过程只需5分钟甚至更少的时间。
6.表示“大约”用about, around, some等。
Horseracing can be traced to the Olympic Games of about 600 BC.
赛马可追溯到大约公元前600年的奥运会。
Some 844 animals and plants have disappeared in the last 150 years.
大约有844种动植物在过去的150年里消失了。
I need around 300 dollars.我需要300美元左右。
7.表示“左右”用or so
Please leave us for five minutes or so，we have some private business to deal with. 请你先回避五分钟左右，我们有些私事要处理。
九、数词的特殊用法
1.every和数词连用可表示“每隔；每逢”的含义，在基数词后用复数可数名词，在序数词后用单数可数名词。结构有四个：
a. “every other/second +单数名词” 表“每隔一···”
Please write on every other line.请隔行书写。
b. “every +基数词+复数名词”
He comes here every four days.他每隔三天来此一次。
c. “every +序数词+单数名词”
He comes here every fourth day.他每隔三天来此一次。
d. “every few +复数名词”
Please plant a tree every few meters.请每隔几米载一棵树。
2.基数词可用来构成复合形容词。
1)基数词+名词：ten-minute十分钟的
two-thousand-word两千词的
2)基数词+名词的-ed形式
five-storied五层的, one-eyed 独眼的
3)基数词+名词+形容词
five-month-old五个月大的, six-meter-long六米长的
4.基数词用在一些短语中
a month or two一两个月，leave by ones and twos零零落落地离开，in twos and threes 三三两两地
Ten to one you'll miss your flight.
你很可能要赶不上班机了。
She's all at sixes and sevens about what to do.
她心里七上八下，不知该怎么办。
十、其它
1)固定用法
at sixes and sevens乱七八糟 one at a time一次一个地
one by one一个一个地 by the dozen以打计
by the hundred以百计 in tens十个十个地
in five hundreds五百五百地
2)表示比例可用in, out of
one in/out of ten十个中的一个
one in a thousand千万次中的一次
十一、编码的表示法
在表示有顺序号的事物时可用基数词，也可用序数词。如数字较长，避免使用序数词。序数词放在名词前, 并加定冠词；基数词放在名词后，名词不加冠词。
lesson one, the first lesson , Room 521, bus No. 2
数词 I.定义与分类 数词是指表示数目多少或顺序先后的词。表示数目多少的数词叫基数词，如one, five, ten, thirty, sixty-five 等；表示顺序先后的数词叫序数词，如first, sixth, tenth, twenty-first 等。数词用法相当于名词和形容词，在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语、定语、同位语等。 II. 基数词 1. 英语中没有“万”这个读数单位，要表示汉语中的“万”，英语需借用thousand一词，如“一万”用“十个千”表示(ten thousand)，“十万”用“一百个千”表示(one hundred thousand)。 2. 用作基数词单位的hundred, thousand, million, billion 通常不带复数词尾-s，但若用于表示数百、数千、数百万这样的泛指，则用复数。如： About two thousand people died in the earthquake. 大约有两千人在地震中丧生。Thousands of people go to the seaside every year. 每年成千上万的人到海滨去。 3. 表示整十的基数词用复数形式可以表示人的大约岁数或年代。如： He is in his early twenties. 他才二十出头(from 。 This took place in the 1930s. 这事发生在20世纪30年代。 III. 序数词 1. 许多序数词是由相应的基数词后加词尾-th构成的，如four / fourth，six / sixth，ten / tenth，sixteen / sixteenth，但是nine变为序数词是ninth，而不是nineth。 2. twentieth, thirtieth, fortieth 等表示整十的序数词，由相应的基数词将词尾y改为ie，再加-th 构成。 3. first, second, third 通常可缩写为1st, 2nd, 3rd。凡是以th结尾的序数词可缩写为“基数词+th”：4th, 5th, 9th, 11th, 60th, 128th等。 4. 非整十的多位数，将个位数变成序数词即可：twenty-first(第21)，thirty-sixth(第36)，ninety-ninth(第99)，three hundred and sixty-fifth(第365)等。 5. hundred, thousand, million 等序数词形式为hundredth, thousandth, millionth 等。 6. 序数词前通常要用定冠词，但表示考试或比赛等的名次时，通常可省略其前的定冠词。如： My room is on the second floor and his on the third. 我的房间在三楼，他的房间在四楼。 He was (the) third in the exam. 他考试得了第三名。 注：有时序数词前不用定冠词，而用不定冠词，表示次第在原有基础上的增加。如：We’ll have to do it a second time. 我们得再做一次(from 。 序数词前用定冠词和不定冠词的区别在于：定冠词表特指，不定冠词表泛指，有类似another 的意思，但比another 的意思更明确。 IV. 分数、倍数、小数和百分数 1. 分数。 (1)分数由基数词和序数词构成：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子超过“1”时，分母用复数。如： two thirds=2/3 three fifths=3/5 注：1/2 通常读作 a [one] half，一般不读作a second；1/4 可读作 a [one] fourth，也可读作 a [one] quarter。
广东高考英语语法填空专题训练语法填空（每篇共10小题；每小题1.5分，每篇满分15分） 阅读下面短文，根据上下文填入适当的词语，或使用括号中的词语的适当形式填空， 并将答案填写在答题卡上标号为1—10的相应位置。 Passage (1) Cars are too expensive for many people around the world to own. Not only that, many cities are already full of traffic, and many country areas have rough roads. So 1 do people travel those distances that are too far to walk? They use public transportation. If you ride the subway or bus 2 you live, you can appreciate some of the benefits of public transportation. With many people 3 (share) one bus or train, there is less traffic and, more 4 （importance）, less pollution. Which of the types of mass transit 5 (describe) below are you familiar with? If a regular bus can hold dozens of people, imagine what a bus 6 (two) the size can hold! In Great Britain, there are many buses that are known as double-deckers (cars with two floors). Buses in Haiti are often very crowded. It’s not 7 (common) for passengers to actually sit on the rooftops. Buses are sometimes called “tap-taps”, because the 8 (ride) on the roof tap（敲击）when they want to be dropped off. Many large cities around the world take advantage of the space beneath the streets and run underground trains. People in Paris, Mexico City and Tokyo may use the subway system to get to school, to work, or to visit friends in other 9 (neighbor). Both the Japanese and French have developed High-speed trains to link various cities. While electric trains in North America average 130 kph, the French TGV (high-speed-train) is the world’s fastest, 10 (average) over 270 kph! Passage (2) Australia, the last continent, was discovered by ships 1 (belong) to some European nations in the seventeenth century. These nations were 2 (little) interested in changing it into a colony than in 3 (explore) it. As in the early history of the United States, it was the English 4 set up the settlements in Australia. This history and the geography of these two British colonies have some other things in common as well. Australia and the United States are about the same in size, and their western lands are both not rich 5 soil. It was on the eastern coast of Australia and America that the English first settled, and both colonies soon began to develop towards the west. However, this westward 6 (move) took place 7 because the English were searching for better land than the population was increasing. Settlements of the west part of both countries developed quickly after gold 8 (discover) in America in 1849 and in Australia two years later. Although the development of these two countries has a lot in common, there are some 9 (strike) differences as well. The United States gained its independence from England by revolution while Australia won its independence without having to go to war. Australia, 10 (like) the United States, was firstly turned into a colony by English prisoners and its economic development was in wheat growing and sheep raising. By 1922, for example, Australia had fifteen times more sheep than it had people or almost half as many sheep as there are people today in the United States. Australia and the United States have more in common with each other than either one has with most of the rest of the world.
江西省南昌市2015-2016学年度第一学期期末试卷 （江西师大附中使用）高三理科数学分析 一、整体解读 试卷紧扣教材和考试说明，从考生熟悉的基础知识入手，多角度、多层次地考查了学生的数学理性思维能力及对数学本质的理解能力，立足基础，先易后难，难易适中，强调应用，不偏不怪，达到了“考基础、考能力、考素质”的目标。试卷所涉及的知识内容都在考试大纲的范围内，几乎覆盖了高中所学知识的全部重要内容，体现了“重点知识重点考查”的原则。 1．回归教材，注重基础 试卷遵循了考查基础知识为主体的原则，尤其是考试说明中的大部分知识点均有涉及，其中应用题与抗战胜利70周年为背景，把爱国主义教育渗透到试题当中，使学生感受到了数学的育才价值，所有这些题目的设计都回归教材和中学教学实际，操作性强。 2．适当设置题目难度与区分度 选择题第12题和填空题第16题以及解答题的第21题，都是综合性问题，难度较大，学生不仅要有较强的分析问题和解决问题的能力，以及扎实深厚的数学基本功，而且还要掌握必须的数学思想与方法，否则在有限的时间内，很难完成。 3．布局合理，考查全面，着重数学方法和数学思想的考察 在选择题，填空题，解答题和三选一问题中，试卷均对高中数学中的重点内容进行了反复考查。包括函数，三角函数，数列、立体几何、概率统计、解析几何、导数等几大版块问题。这些问题都是以知识为载体，立意于能力，让数学思想方法和数学思维方式贯穿于整个试题的解答过程之中。 二、亮点试题分析 1．【试卷原题】11.已知,,A B C 是单位圆上互不相同的三点，且满足AB AC → → =，则A BA C →→ ?的最小值为（ ） A ．1 4- B ．12- C ．34- D ．1-
2008高考英语语法专题复习数词 高考重点要求： 1．掌握基数词、序数词、分数词、倍数、百分数、年月日、钟点、年龄、序号的基本用法。 2．掌握不定数量词、约数词的表达方法。 数词在各个题项中，单选、阅读、听力、写作中发挥着很强的作用，往往用以说明事实的精确性和可信性。数词是由两大部分构成的即基数词和序数词，而其他数字表示法如分数，小数等均由这两大部分的不同组合而构成。 （三）数词的用法： 1.英语中年月日、点钟、序数词、分数词、算式列表 示例英语表示法 2001．6．30 June 30,2001 30June,2001 30thJune, 2001 7：25 seven twenty-five twenty-five past even 12:54 twelve fifty four six to one 9:15 nine fifteen a quarter past nine 2:30 two thirty half past two 21:50 twenty-one fifty 9:50p.m. 第21 twenty-first
第123 one hundred and twenty-third 21 a half 52 2 two and two-fifths 20% 20 per cent 20 percent 第七路公共汽车 Bus Number Seven 第201房间 Room 201 人民路153号 153 Renmin Road 4+8 =12 Four plus eight is twelve 11-7=4 Eleven minus seven is four. 6×5=30 Six times five is thirty. 20÷5=4 twenty divided by five is four. A ＞B A is more than B. A ＜B A is less than B. A ≈ B A is approximately (近似地, 大约)equals to B. A ≠B A is not equal to B. 2.约数表示法列表 含义 英语表达 例句 大于某数 more than He has lived here for more than twenty years. over she is over fifty. or more There're thirty people or more in the meeting-room. 小于某数 less than I have less than (not more than )fifty dollars. under Children under seven are not allowed to enter. below He would not sell it for below a hundred fifty dollars. or less The coat might cost him sixty dollars or less. 大约（某数） nearly She is nearly fifty now. almost Its almost three o'clock. up to Up to ten men can sleep in this tent. or He spent four or five days writing the article. or so The distance is twenty miles or so. about I visited that village about three years ago. some Their team has some four or five players. more or less The container can hold more or less twenty pounds of water. around/round Let's make it round/around eight o'clock. 3.不定数量词“多”的表示法列表
高三英语专项训练----语法填空 （1）(Topic: ) Once there lived a rich man who wanted to do something for the people of his town. But first he wanted to find out 16 _______ they deserved his help. In the centre of the main road into the town，he placed 17 ___ very large stone. Then he 18____ (hide) behind a tree and waited. Soon an old man came along with his cow.“Who put this stone in the centre of the road?” said the old man, 19____ he did not try to remove the stone. Instead, with some difficulty he passed around the stone and continued on his way.20 ______ man came along and did the same thing; then another came，and another. All of them complained about the stone but did not tried to remove 21______. Late in the afternoon a young man came along. He saw the stone, 22 _______ (say) to himself: “The night will be very dark. Some neighbors will come along later 23 _____ the dark and will fall against the stone.” Then he began to move the stone. He pushed and pulled with all his 24 ________ (strong) to move it. How great was his surprise at last! 25 ________ the stone，he found a bag of money. （2）(Topic: ) The best gift I ever received is the parents that were given to me. I could not have picked out 16 _______ (good) parents myself. My mom is smart，funny，and very artistic. She loves painting and encouraging other people to paint as well. She owns 17______ own book and art store. And at night she teaches adult 18 ________ (educate). She helps kids 19 _________ have dropped out of high school 20 _________ (get) their diploma. She always has time for me and my brothers. She hardly ever gets mad 21 ______ us and loves doing new things with us，22 _____ going to a new museum or going out onto the beach in the middle of the winter and taking pictures at the beach in the snow. My dad knows 23 _____ to fix anything and loves to play musical instruments. He helps me with my science projects and other school projects. He works hard to make money for our family and hardly ever complains. He loves skating with me and 24______ (build) us a half pipe and other cool things. So I have to say that 25 _______ gift I’m most grateful for is the one the God gave me—my parents. （3）(Topic: ) Sometimes Chinese English teachers are puzzled by such questions，“Have you got any skills in reading comprehension?” Actually，many of the teachers can’t give students 16 ___ efficient way to deal with reading. Anyway，17 _____ often simply say，“Read more and practise more，and you 18 ______ (get) more experience in reading comprehension.” Frankly, these teachers’ good 19_________ (suggest) are only helpful to arouse students’ interest in reading 20 ____ not helpful to deal wit h the questions in the examinations of reading comprehension. Personally，I think the skill for reading comprehension should be based 21 ______ the knowledge of English writing. Since the English passages are written under some rules or principles，the science of reading 22 ______understanding may have a close relationship with writing.
一、选择题 1．---If your parents wanted to have a ______ child, would you agree? ---Of course. But they should make it in _____ yeas’ time. A．second; second B．two; two C．second; two D．two;second 2．—How do your students improve their English writing? —Well, about ______________ of the students like keeping diaries in English in our class. A．two fifth B．two fifths C．second five D．two five 3．﹣Welcome to Los Angeles．Have you ever been here? ﹣Sure. I visited this city three years ago so this is my _________ time here. A．first B．second C．third 4．---I am going to take this summer holiday in Taiwan. ---Oh, really? Taiwan is ______ a beautiful island that ______ people in Guangdong go to visit it every year. A．so; thousands B．so; thousands of C．such; many thousand D．such; thousands of 5．Every year there are about _______ people waiting for their trains back home in the railway station before Spring Festival comes. A．five thousand of B．five thousand C．thousand of D．five thousands of 6．— They will need __________ volunteers for 2014 International Horticulture Exposition (国际园艺博览会) in Qingdao. —Let’s go and join them. A．thousand of B．thousands of C．three thousand of D．three thousands 7．—How long is the bridge? —About ______ long. A．two thousand meter B．two thousand meters C．two thousands meter D．two thousands meters 8．I hear ____ foreign students will come to our school and they are in the ____ grade. A．eight, eighth B．eight, eight C．eighth, eighth 9．I’ve told him of that ______, but he always forget it. A．a hundred time B．hundred times C．hundred of times D．hundreds of times 10．This is our _______ school year, we are going to graduate in two months. A．third B．three C．the third 11．______of the students in our class ______ going to the summer camp in Beijing next week. A．Two-fifths, are B．Second-fifths, are C．Two-fifths, is D．Second-fifths, is 12．Nearly ________of the American children get money from their part-time job. A．two third B．two three C．two thirds D．second third
全国卷高考英语语法填空专项训练 语法填空练习一 With the 1________ (develop) of industry, air pollution is getting more and more serious. In Beijing, many people suffer different kinds of illnesses because 2______ air pollution. Air pollution is caused by the following 3_____(reason): about half of the problem is caused by vehicles. There are more and more cars, buses on the roads, and they give off 4________ (poison) gases. 25% of air pollution is caused by factories. Another factor is the smokers. Smoking not only does harm to their health 5______ to others. 6_______ these, about 10%of air pollution is caused by other reasons. We should take some measures to fight 7______ pollution. New fuel can be used to take 8______place of gas. We can plant more trees. If everybody realizes the 9________ (important) of environment and does something to stop pollution, the problem will 10_________ (solve). 语法填空练习二 We often think of future. We often wonder 1 the world will be like in a hundred years’ time. Think of space. Perhaps a permanent station on 2 moon will 3 (set) up. Perhaps people will be able to visit the moon as 4 _ (visit). Cheap rockets for space travel will have been developed, 5 in space and visiting 6 planets. Great progress will have been made 7 medicine, too. Pollution will have been controlled in a hundred years’ time. 8 the world will have been developed—even Antarctica. We will have used up most of the earth’s land to build our cities, 9 floating cities will have been built. The Japanese have already plans of this kind. And there will be cities 10 the sea. 语法填空练习三 In the United States, there were 222 people 1 (report) to be billionaires in 2003. The 2 (rich)of these is Bill Gates, worth at least $41 billion, who made his money 3 Mr Gates was only 21 years old 4 5 the time he was 31. 6 , there are still some other people who have made lots of money at even 7 (young) ages like Jackie Coogan and Shirley Temple. 8 of these child actors made over a million dollars 9 (act) in movies before they were 14. But 10 youngest billionaire is Albert von Thurn and Taxis of Germany, who, in 2001, inherited a billion dollars when he turned 18. 语法填空练习四 Most Americans don’t like to get advice 1 members of their family. They get advice from “ 2 (strange).” When they need advice, they don’t usually go to people they know. Instead，many of 3 write letters to newspapers and magazines 4 give advice on many different subjects 5 (include) family problems, the use of language, health, cooking, child care, clothes, 6 even on how to buy a house or a car. Most newspapers 7 (regular) print letters from readers with problems. Along with the letters there are 8 (answer)written by people who are supposed to know how to solve such problems. Some of these writers are doctors. 9 are lawyers or educators. But two of the most famous writers of advice are women without special 10 (train) for this kind of work. 语法填空练习五
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第一讲座：名词---基础篇 一、名词的复数： 1. 名词变复数的规则形式： 1). 一般情况下直接加s：book------books cup-----cups 2). 以辅音字母+y结尾的，先变y为i再加es： city-------cities family-----families 3). 以s、x、sh、ch结尾的加es： bus-----buses wish------wishes watch------watches 4). 以o结尾的多数加S 初中阶段只有三个单词加es： tomato-----tomatoes potato------potatoes hero-----heroes Negroes 5). 以f、fe 结尾的，先把f、fe变v 再加es： leaf----leaves self---selves shelf----shelves life----lives thief---thieves 2. 少数名词的复数形式是不规则的： man----men woman---women child----children foot-----feet tooth----teeth mouse---mice 3. 单数和复数形式相同： deer---deer fish----fish sheep----sheep Chinese ----Chinese Japanese---Japanese 4. 某国人的复数： 1). 中、日不变：Chinese----Chinese Japanese---Japanese 2). 英、法变：Englishman----Englishmen Frenchman----Frenchmen 3).其余s加后面：American-----Americans German----Germans Australian---Australians 二、不可数名词： 1. 不可数名词： 1). 不能直接用数字表数量；2). 不能直接加a或an；3). 没有复数形式； 4). 可用some、any、lots of、plenty of、much 修饰；5). 可用“量词短语”表示； 2. 不可数名词的数量的表示方法：a / 数字+ 量词+ of + 不可数名词： a piece of paper a cup of tea a glass of milk 三、名词的所有格： 1. ’s 所有格：
冠词和数词【Articles and Numerals】 冠词是虚词，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义。本身不能单独使用，在句中不重读。冠词可以分为定冠词【the Definite Article】和不定冠词【the Indefinite Article】。 2.1不定冠词的用法【Usage of the Indefinite Articles】 不定冠词a(an)与数词one同源，是一个的意思。a用于辅音音素前，而an则用于元音音 词组或成语固定搭配【Word Phrases and Expressions】： a little, a few, a lot, a type of, a pile, a great many, many a, as a rule, in a hurry, in a minute, in a word, in a short while, after a while, have a cold, have a try, keep an eye on, all of a sudden 2.2定冠词的用法【Usage of the Definite Article】 定冠词the与指示代词this，that同源，有那（这）个的意思，但较弱，可以和一个名词连用，来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。
用在惯用语中【Useful Expressions】： in the day, in the morning (afternoon, evening),the day after tomorrow, the day before yesterday,the next morning, in the sky (water，field，country), in the dark, in the rain, in the distance, in the middle (of), in the end, in the whole,by the way,go to the theatre
高考英语语法句子分解专项练习(补充) 一名词 1．Father went to his doctor for_______ (advise)about his heart trouble． 2. There are ten__________ (woman)teachers and two hundred ________(girl) students in the school． 3. Facing cut-throat ______ (compete) in all subjects, students must devote as much of their time as possible. 4. I shall never fear difficulty and I shall never know the _______ (exist) of the word “failure”. 5. You’ll want to know your body language is saying and how to interpret other _______(people). 6. Not long ago he sent ______(word) that he would return with his family. 7. She was in London and spent her ________(young) in China. 8. The ________ (erupt) of Mount Kilauea, one of the most active volcanoes in Hawaii, is always taking people by surprise. 9. His _________ (curious) made him wonder about clouds. 10. Except for some short songs and poems included in his plays, all of _______ (Shakespeare) greatest poems are sonnet. 11. The number of languages is getting smaller all the time because of the steady ________ (grow) of bigger languages. 12. Tight jeans and trousers, short skirts and even sensible flat shoes may all cause _____ (ill). 13. Reduce the amount of it if you suffered from restlessness or ________ (sleep) after taking the medicine. 14. I saw many ______ (Japan) seated in the corner and reading something. 15. You should take more ______(exercise). Don’t always sit at the desk busy doing your _____(exercise). 名词参考答案： , girl 4. existence 5. people’s 7. youth ’s 11. growth 13. sleeplessness , exercises 二代词 1 When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in the village, I wanted to reward the old woman for the trouble I had caused _ . 2 I was wondering where I was going to spend the night when I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to who should have the honor of receiving me as a guest in ______ house. 3 The journalists who have seated ______ for half an hour are eager to have a chance to raise a question to Premier Wen Jiabao. 4 This dining hall is four times the size of ______ one. 5 Malaria, the world's most widespread parasitic (寄生虫引起的)disease, kills as many as three million people every year -- almost ____ of whom are under five, very poor, and African. 6 What surprised me most was that he told me his name when I asked him _____ he was. 7 The famous actress said her parents worked happily and were nice and healthy, and some others said it was the same with ________.