专题十一主谓一致与特殊句式
循三个原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。
1．语法一致原则
主语的单复数决定了谓语动词的单复数。
(1)动名词短语、动词不定式短语、单个从句或不定代词作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。
Listening to music makes me relaxed after a busy day.
听音乐使我在一天的忙碌之后得到了放松。
Everything is in a complete mass, which drives people crazy.
所有的事情都毫无头绪，让人发疯。
[名师指津]what引导的从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式，但如果从句表示复数意义，则谓语动词用复数形式。
What he said is far from the truth.
他的话与事实相差太远了。
What the school needs are qualified teachers.
这个学校需要的是合格的老师。
(2)主语后跟有with, together with, as well as, like, but, except, along with, rather than, including, in addition to等引起的短语时，谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致。
The teacher as well as his students was very excited.
老师和他的学生们都很兴奋。
(3)and, both ... and ...连接两个不同的主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；但是如果由and 连接的两个名词表示同一个人或物时，谓语动词用单数形式。
Her teacher and her friends are in the sitting room.
她的老师和朋友们都在客厅。
The poet and writer has produced many works.
这位诗人兼作家创作了许多作品。
(4)定语从句中关系代词作主语时，从句中的谓语动词的形式要与先行词保持一致。
I will always treasure the moments that were full of pleasure.
我将永远珍惜那些充满欢乐的时光。
(5)“many a或more than one＋可数名词单数”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。each, every, no所修饰的名词作主语时，即使有and连接，谓语动词仍用单数。
Many a parent has had to go through this same painful process.
很多父母都被迫经历了这一段痛苦的过程。
Every boy and every girl wishes to attend the party held on Sunday.
每个男生和女生都希望参加周日的聚会。
2．意义一致原则
意义一致原则是指不管主语的形式是单数还是复数，主语的意义决定了谓语动词的单复数。
(1)集体名词作主语时，若被看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式；若被看作是构成集体的一个个成员，谓语动词用复数形式。常见的集体名词有：family, class, team, group, public, committee, government, audience等。
The class consists of 25 boys and 20 girls.
这个班由25个男生和20个女生组成。
The class are doing experiment.
全班学生都在做实验。
(2)“分数/百分数/the majority＋of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后名词的数以及其表示的意义；all, some, half, most, the rest等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于主语实际表达的意义。
About one third of the books are worth reading.
这些书中大约有1/3值得一读。
Only 60 percent of the work was done yesterday.
昨天只做了60% 的工作。
All of this is wonderful, but the best part of this film is the acting.
所有这些都很精彩，但电影最精彩的部分是表演。
(3)“the＋形容词”表示一类人在句中作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
The old are taken good care of here.
在这儿老年人被照顾得很好。
(4)a quantity of后既可接不可数名词，也可接可数名词复数，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后名词的数以及其表示的意义；quantities of后无论是可数名词还是不可数名词，谓语动词均用复数形式。
A quantity of time has been wasted on the project.
＝Quantities of time have been wasted on the project.
大量的时间被浪费在这个项目上。
(5)“a number of＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；“the number of＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
A number of students have gone for an outing.
许多学生去远足了。
The number of the students is increasing year after year.
学生的数量逐年增加。
(6)表示时间、距离、重量、金额等复数名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。
Three thousand dollars is quite a lot of money for a boy.
对于一个男孩来说，3 000美元是一笔大数目。
3．就近一致原则
就近一致原则是指谓语动词的单复数形式取决于离它最近的主语的单复数。
(1)由or, either ...or ..., neither ... nor ..., not only ... but also ..., not ... but ...等连接的并列主语，谓语动词的数常与最近的主语保持一致。
Either you or one of your students is to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.
要么是你要么是你的一名学生应该出席明天的会议。
(2)由there, here引起的主语不止一个时，谓语动词的数通常和最邻近的主语保持一致。
There are three books and a pen on the desk.
桌子上有三本书和一支钢笔。
[命题点感悟]
单句语法填空
①(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)While running regularly can't make you live forever, the review says it ________ (be) more effective at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming.
解析：is根据语境可知，此处叙述的是一般的客观事实，且本句中宾语从句与主句的时态应保持一致，故使用一般现在时。it指代上一句的running regularly，是第三人称单数，故填is。
②(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Fast food________ (be) full of fat and salt; by eating more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.
解析：is主语是“Fast food”，是不可数名词短语，所以谓语用单数形式，且此处讲的是现状，所以填is。
③(2017·江苏高考改编)The publication of Great Expectations, which ________ (be) both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens' status as a leading novelist.
解析：was句意：《远大前程》这部小说的出版发行受到各界的评论和高度赞扬，它巩固了狄更斯作为顶尖小说家的地位。分析句子结构可知，which指代“The publication of Great Expectations”，故定语从句中的谓语动词应该使用单数形式；根据句中的strengthened 可知，应使用一般过去时态，故填was。
④(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)Leaving the less important things until tomorrow ________ (be) often acceptable.
解析：is主语是“Leaving the less important things until tomorrow”，为动名词短语作
主语，所以谓语动词用单数形式，此处表示客观情况，用一般现在时。
⑤(2016·浙江高考)He would ask who we ________ (be) and pretend not to know us.
解析：were宾语从句中主语是we，为复数，故be动词应该用were。
1．部分倒装
(1)将含有否定意义的副词或连词置于句首时引起部分倒装结构。这类词(组)有：never, seldom, rarely, little, few, at no time, by no means, no longer, hardly/scarcely ... when ..., no sooner ... than ..., not only ... but also ..., not until, nowhere, neither ... nor ... 等。
Not until I lost my job did I realize I should improve my working skills.
直到我失去工作我才意识到我应该提高工作技能了。
(2)“only＋状语”置于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。
Only when you can find peace in your heart will you keep good relationships with others.
只有当你的心态平和时，你才能与别人保持良好的关系。
(3)so/such ... that ... 结构中的so, such 连同它所修饰的成分共同位于句首表示强调时，主句要用部分倒装。
Such great progress did he make that he was praised.
他取得了如此大的进步以至于受到了表扬。
(4)表示前面所说的情况也适用于后者时，用倒装结构“so/neither/nor＋助动词/系动词/情态动词＋主语”(so表示肯定意义，neither/nor表示否定意义)。
I saw the film Harry Potter last week; so did she.
上周我看了《哈利·波特》这部电影，她也看了。
2．全部倒装
(1)here, there, now, then, out, in, up, down, away, on the wall, in the room 等表示地点、时间或方位的副词或介词短语置于句首，且主语为名词时，句子用全部倒装。
John opened the door. There stood a girl he had never seen before.约翰打开门，他从来没见过的一位女孩站在那儿。
South of the river lies a small factory.
河的南面有一个小工厂。
(2)有时为平衡句子结构或突出、强调，将作表语的介词短语、形容词、副词或分词提到句首，构成“表语＋系动词＋主语”的完全倒装结构。
Present at the party were Mr. Green and many other guests.
出席晚会的有格林先生，还有许多其他的宾客。
1.强调句型
(1)强调句型的基本结构：It is/was＋被强调的部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分。该句型可对句子的主语、表语、宾语、状语等进行强调。当被强调部分是人，且作主语时，可用who或that，其他情况下一律用that。
It is only by listening to and understanding each other that problems between parents and children can be settled.
只有通过倾听和相互理解，父母和孩子之间的问题才可能被解决。
[名师指津]强调主语时，要注意连接词和谓语的一致性。
It is our teacher who/that helps us make great progress.
正是我们的老师帮助我们取得了很大的进步。
(2)强调句型的一般疑问句结构：Is/Was ＋it＋被强调的部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分？
Was it in the park that he met our new teacher?
他是在公园里遇到我们的新老师的吗？
(3)强调句型的特殊疑问句结构：特殊疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that＋句子其他部分？
When was it that he made up his mind to take this course?
他是什么时候决定选修这门课程的？
[名师指津]由疑问词引导的强调结构在句中作宾语从句时，从句必须使用陈述语序。
She doesn't know who it was that saved her son.
她不知道是谁救了她的儿子。
(4)not ... until的强调句型结构：It is/was not until ... ＋that＋句子其他部分。
It was not until he got home 30 minutes later that he found he had left his bag in the taxi.直到他到家三十分钟后他才发现他把包落在了出租车上。
2．强调谓语动词
用助动词do, does或did来强调谓语动词，用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定的陈述句中，do还可以用于祈使句。
She did tell me her address, but I forgot all about it.
她确实告诉过我她的地址，但我全忘了。
1.
在as if, if, though, when, where, while, no matter what, until等引导的状语从句中，若谓语部分含be动词，而主语又与主句的主语一致或从句主语是it时，从句的主语和谓语中
的be 动词可以一起省略。
All the photographs in this book, unless (the photographs are ) stated otherwise, date from the 1950s.
这本书里所有的照片，除非有说明，否则，都要追溯到20世纪50 年代。
2．动词不定式的省略
在主动语态中，感官动词或使役动词后接不定式作补足语时，往往将不定式符号to 省略；在同一句话或同一情景对话中，当同一动作再次出现在后面的不定式位置上时，通常省略该动作而保留不定式符号to 。
The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police not to . 那名司机想把车停靠在路边，但是警察不允许他这样做。
3．常用的省略结构
????? if ever 如果有过的话 if busy 如果忙的话
????? if anything 如果有什么不同if possible 如果可能的话
if so
如果那样的话if not 如果不的话if necessary 如果必要的话
1．感叹句的3(1)What (＋a/an)＋形容词＋名词＋主语＋谓语！
What beautiful flowers they are!
多么美丽的花啊！
(2)How ＋形容词＋a/an ＋可数名词＋主语＋谓语！
How clever a boy he is ！＝What a clever boy he is!
多聪明的男孩呀！
(3)How ＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语！
How high the mountain is ！这山真高呀！
2．祈使句
祈使句表示请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告等。一般不出现主语，谓语动词一律用原形；否定词一律在动词前加don 't 。祈使句的强调形式是在句首加do 。
Anytime you find the world waving a chair in your face, remember this : All you need to do is focus on one thing.
任何时候你发现你的面前有椅子在挥动的时候，请记住这一点：你需要的是集中注意力于一件事情。
3．反意疑问句
反意疑问句由“陈述句＋反问句”构成，若陈述句为肯定式，反意疑问句为否定式，反之亦然。
(1)陈述部分含有must的反意疑问句
①当must作“必须”讲时，其反意疑问部分用needn't; 当mustn't (不允许，禁止)时，其反意疑问部分用must。
You must go now, needn't you?
你现在必须走，不是吗？
You mustn't smoke here, must you?
你不能在这里吸烟，是吧？
②当must表示推测，作“一定，准是”讲时，反意疑问部分的动词形式要根据must 后面的动词发生的时间确定。
You must have watched the football match last night, didn't you？你昨晚一定是看足球比赛了，是吧？
(2)陈述部分含有used to时，疑问部分用usedn't或didn't均可。
You used to play football, usedn't/didn't you?
你过去常常踢足球，是吗？
(3)陈述部分含有否定词的反意疑问句
①当陈述部分含有seldom, hardly, scarcely, never, few, little, nothing, nobody等否定词或半否定词时，疑问部分动词用肯定式。
He could hardly get up, could he?
他几乎起不来了，不是吗？
②陈述部分含有由否定意义的前缀或后缀构成的词，疑问部分一般用否定式。
Mary dislikes sports, doesn't she?
玛丽不喜欢体育运动，不是吗？
(4)陈述部分含有宾语从句时，疑问部分的主语和主句的主语保持一致。
He said that she would come here on time, didn't he?
他说她会准时来这里，不是吗？
[名师指津]当主句是I think/believe/suppose等结构时，反意疑问部分往往根据宾语从句的主语和谓语而定，需特别注意否定转移的现象中的肯定式和否定式。
I don't think he will attend the meeting on time, will he?
我认为他不会准时参加会议，是吗？
1.
易错点一：强调句和定语从句混淆
(1)在强调句型中that没有意义，且不作任何成分；
(2)定语从句中的that为关系代词，在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。试比较：
①It is novels that Miss Wang enjoys reading.(强调句)
②It is a question that needs careful consideration.(定语从句)
在实际考查中，命题人可能会将定语从句隐藏于强调句型中进行考查，增加了题目难度。
[例1]Could it be in the restaurant where you had dinner with me yesterday ________ you lost your handbag?
[分析]that分析句子结构可知，空处应填that，与前面的“Could it be”共同构成强调句式。
易错点二：强调句和主语从句混淆
强调句型去掉“it is/was”和“that”之后，句子结构仍然完整，而主语从句则不能。试比较：
①It's there that the accidents often happen. (强调句)
②It is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.(主语从句)
[例2](2016·江苏高考改编)It is often the case __________anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.
[分析]that本句中“It”是形式主语，真正的主语是连接词that引导的主语从句，that 在句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用，不能省略。
易错点三：强调句和时间状语从句混淆
强调句型去掉“it is/was”和“that”之后，句子结构仍然完整，而“it is ...when ...”中，it 指时间。试比较：
①It was at six o'clock that I got up early. (强调句)
②It was six o'clock when I got up early.(状语从句)
[例3]It was only when I reread his poems ________ I began to appreciate their beauty.
[分析]that句意：正是当我重读他的诗歌时我才开始欣赏它们的美。分析句子结构可知，此处是对时间状语从句的强调，故填that，与前面的“It was”共同构成强调句式。
易错点四：强调句的主谓一致
[例4](2014·湖南高考改编)It's not doing the things we like, but liking the things we have to do that ________ (make) life happy.
[分析]makes句意：不是做我们喜欢的事情，而是喜欢我们不得不做的事情才能让生活愉快。此处为强调句型，去掉“It's”和“that”后，可以看出句子的主语是“not doing the
things we like, but liking the things we have to do”，根据“就近原则”，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。
2．倒装句易错点剖析
易错点一：漏掉助动词/情态动词/be动词
[例5](2018·湖北八校联考改编)Not until then ________ I know my senior high school life had really begun.
[分析]did句意：直到那时，我才知道我的高中生活已真正开始。“not until ...”置于句首时，主句需要部分倒装，故用助动词did来帮助构成部分倒装结构。
易错点二：时态、语态错误
[例6](2016·浙江高考改编)________ (have) the governments and scientists not worked together, AIDS-related deaths would not have fallen since their highest in 2005.
[分析]Had句意：要是没有政府和科学家们的合作，与艾滋病相关的死亡人数就不会从2005年的最高值降下来。由主句使用“would have done”可知是对过去情况的虚拟，故从句应用had done。本句为省略if将had置于句首的情况。
易错点三：句子成分缺失/多余
[例7]So tough did I feel ________ to live in an English-speaking country that I made up my mind to learn English well.
[分析]it句意：我感到生活在说英语的国家是如此艰难以至于我下定决心要学好英语。本句涉及一个固定搭配“feel it tough to do sth.”，其中“it”作形式宾语，指代后面的不定式结构。
易错点四：主谓一致
[例8]Look, on the left of the woods ________ (lie) a small farm, where her father once worked.
[分析]lies本句是将地点状语“on the left of the woods”提前而构成的完全倒装。本句的主语为“a small farm”，结合句子时态可知，谓语动词应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。
3．省略句易错点剖析
易错点一：状语从句的省略
在when, while, whenever, till, as soon as, if, unless, as if, though, as等引导的状语从句中，若谓语动词中含有be动词，而主语又与主句的主语一致或从句的主语是it时，状语从句的主语和be动词可以省略。
①When (she was) very young, she began to learn to play the piano.
她很小的时候，就开始学习弹钢琴。
②Don't come in until (you are) asked to.
不叫你时，请你不要进来。
[例9]You should stay where you are, unless ________ (ask) to leave.
[分析]asked句意：你应待在你现在的地方，除非叫你离开。该句为状语从句的省略，补全后为：You should stay where you are, unless (you are) asked to leave.
易错点二：倒装句中的省略
(1)as引导的让步状语从句要用倒装语序。被提前的部分可以是从句的表语、状语或动词原形。如被前置的表语是单数名词时，须省略冠词。
[例10]Child as/though he ________ (be), he is as brave as an adult.
[分析]is本题为as/though引导的让步状语从句，主语为he，故后面的谓语动词应用is。
(2)省略if的倒装条件句。在虚拟语气中，if从句假设的情况中如果有助动词had, should 或were，则可省略if，把had, should或were提到句首，构成倒装，简称省略if倒装条件句。(见例6)
[专题过关训练]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The design on the back_shows (show) the yellow-eyed penguin, one of the world's rarest penguins.
2．In the pool, Bob, my instructor, demanded we do what he did. One of the drills was (be) to take our masks off at the bottom of the deep end, replace them, and clear them of water.
3．In my school days, I was a shy boy and never even thought of taking part in any public speaking events, school plays or stage contests, so acting was (be) a remote career choice then.
4．Many psychologists today are (be) working to try to determine just how a person experiences or perceives the world around.
5．A report published on Dec.6 says this style of healthcare, which includes (include) different forms like herbal medicine and exercise, has spread to 183 countries and regions.
6．Not until the early 19th century were (be) nail paints changed into the nail polish that we see today.
7．I made my first visit to China in 2008 and last year, I was (be) lucky enough to take part in an event called “Shanxi in the eyes of foreigners”．
8．Its success is very encouraging in today's television world where reality shows have_played(play) a leading part so far.
9．In a word, once enjoyed (enjoy), the song will never be forgotten.
10．It is this personality that helps me win over the friendship of all my classmates, and
also helps me overcome many difficulties both in academic and personal life.
11．98% of the surface is (be) covered permanently by ice and strong winds driven by gravity blow from the pole to the coastline.
12．About two miles away from my home stands (stand) a mountain which is really worth touring.
13．It was not until near the end of the letter that she mentioned her own plan.
14．Such knowledge is still useful when applied (apply) to similar situations in other countries.
15．Stop criticizing your children like this, or they will refuse to tell you their true feelings.
Ⅱ.运用语法写靓句(句型转换)
1．I found it so difficult to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice.
→So difficult did_I_find_it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice.(倒装句)
2．The silence came then, each waiting for the other to let the cat out of the bag.
→Then came_the_silence,_each waiting for the other to let the cat out of the bag.(倒装句)
3．The parents didn't tolerate their kids'rudeness at the party; they didn't allow themselves to be disobeyed, either.
→The parents didn't tolerate their kids'rudeness at the party; nor did_they_allow themselves to be disobeyed.(倒装句)
4．I didn't realize it was already too late for us to return home until it grew dark.
→Not until it grew dark did_I_realize it was already too late for us to return home.(倒装句)
→It_was_not_until_it_grew_dark_that I realized that it was already too late for us to return home.(强调句)
5．The villagers found some strange creatures that they hadn't seen before in the lake.
→It was in_the_lake_that the villagers found some strange creatures that they hadn't seen before.(强调句)
6．Though he was tired, he managed to climb the hill.
→Though_tired,_he managed to climb the hill.(省略句)
7．It is fun to take a rest after a long run.
→What_fun it is to take a rest after a long run! (感叹句)
8．Your brother is a naughty boy.
→How_naughty a boy your brother is! (感叹句)
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2019·济宁模拟)Nowadays, more and more post-90s generations will enter the workforce. They place more emphasis __1__ looking for a job that they enjoy more than other factors. Many of them hope to establish a __2__ (relax) relationship among workers. More than half of __3__ prefer the easy-going and good-tempered employers. __4__ (surprise) 10 percent of them wish to be friends with their bosses. Experts say that they are the generation of the Internet era. They have a strong __5__ (aware) of “self” and how they relate to the outside world. Guo Yun, 22, is a digital media major from Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications. She says that she will not mind working long hours, but prefer her boss __6__ (explain) why she has to, such as the urgency of the task.“I feel greatly __7__ (motivate) in this way，” she explains. They tend to care a great deal about the team or the management culture. They are also more outspoken about their needs, and they are likely to openly __8__ (communication) with their employers. As a result, they __9__ (admit) into most big companies more easily. I think it is their frankness and enthusiasm __10__ leaves a deep impression on their employers.
语篇解读：越来越多的90后进入职场，他/她们对于工作的态度是怎样的呢？
1．on place emphasis on“重视，强调”。
2．relaxing此处修饰名词relationship，故用形容词relaxing。relaxing“令人放松的”。
3．them此处指代“post-90s generations”，并在句中作of的宾语，故用them。
4．Surprisingly修饰整个句子并在句中作状语应用副词形式。
5．awareness不定冠词a后应用名词形式。
6．to explain prefer sb. to do sth.“更喜欢某人做某事”。
7．motivated连系动词后应用形容词作表语。motivated“有积极性的”。
8．communicate be likely to do sth.“很可能做某事”。
9．are admitted此处叙述的是客观事实，they与admit之间为被动关系；又因文章时态为一般现在时，故用一般现在时的被动语态。
10．that“It is＋被强调部分＋that ...”为强调句型，此处强调主语。
文言文特殊句式专题练习(带答案)
文言文特殊句式专题练习 (一) 1、选出不属于判断句的一项( ) A、城北徐公，齐国之美丽者也 B、然而不王者，未之有也 C、无伤也，是乃仁术也 D、斯固百世之遇也 2、选出不属于被动句的一项( ) A、予犹记周公之被逮 B、洎牧以谗诛 C、以其无礼于晋，且贰于楚也 D、智勇多困于所溺 3、选出不属于宾语前置句的一项( ) A、能谤讥于市朝，闻寡人之耳者 B、闻道百，以为莫己若者 C、安在沛公能急人之困也 D、何由知吾可也 4、选出不属于定语后置句的一项( ) A、村中少年好事者驯养一虫 B、族秦者秦也，非天下也 C、石之铿然有声者 D、缙绅而能不易其志者 5、选出不属于状语后置句的一项( ) A、洞庭君安在哉 B、以勇气闻于诸候 C、青，取之于蓝 D、虽董之以严刑 6、选出不属于省略句的一项( ) A、今以钟磬置水中 B、吾从而师之 C、沛公居山东时 D、百姓之不见保 7、选出句式与其他三句不同的一项( ) A、何以能鼓乐也 B、不然，籍何以至此 C、长安君何以自托于赵 D、至于誓天断发，泣下沾襟，何其衰也 8、选出句式与其他三句不同的一项( ) A、秦城恐不可得，徒见欺 B、君既若见录，不久望君来 收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除
C、信而见疑，忠而被谤 D、兵挫地削，亡其六郡，身客死于秦 9、选出句式与其他三句不同的一项( ) A、一人之心，千万人之心也 B、此世所以不传也 C、夫水，智者乐也 D、四方之士来者，必庙礼之 10、选出句式与其他三句不同的一项( ) A、而诸侯敢救赵者 B、四海之大，有几人欤 C、而封之以膏腴之地 D、客有吹洞箫者 11、选出句式与其他三句不同的一项( ) A、既而得其尸于井 B、句读之不知 C、蜀道难，难于上青天 D、会于西河外渑池 12、选出句式与其他三句不同的一项( ) A、王语暴以好乐 B、以相如功大，拜为上卿 C、不如因而厚遇之，使归赵 D、先破秦入咸阳者王 13、选出对下列文言语句归类正确的一项( ) ①为大梁夷门监者②至于激于义理者不然③保民而王，莫之能御④忌不自信⑤见羽旄之美⑥则无望民之多于邻国也 ⑦未可以为信也⑧吾长见笑于大方之家⑨赵氏求救于齐⑩南冥者，天池也 A、①⑩/②⑤/③④/⑥⑧⑨/⑦ B、①⑦/②⑩/③④/⑤⑥/⑧⑨ C、①⑩/②⑧/③④/⑤/⑥⑨/⑦ C、①⑦/②⑤/③④/⑥⑧⑨/⑩ 14、选出对下列文言语句归类正确的一项( ) ①此乃臣效命之秋也②屈原放逐，乃赋《离骚》③惟兄嫂是依 收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除
特殊句式专项检测 单句语法填空（共50小题，每小题2分，共100分） 1.［2017·天津］It was when I got back to my apartment__________I first came across my new neighbors. 2.［2017·浙江六月］Pahlsson screamed_________loudly that her daughter came running from the house. 3.［2016·全国Ⅱ］It could be anything—gardening,cooking,music,sports—but whatever it is, ___________(make)sure it’s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about. 4［2016·江苏］Not until recently they encourage the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas. 5.［2016·天津］You are waiting at a wrong place.It is at the hotel the coach picks up tourists. 6.［2015·天津］Only when Lily walked into the office she realize that she had left the contract at home. 7.［2015·湖南］Only after talking to two students I discover that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals. 8.［2015·湖南］It was when we were returning home I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble. 9.［2015·重庆］Bach died in1750,but it was not until the early19th century his musical gift was fully recognized. 10.［2015·湖南］Always(keep)in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly. 11.［2015·北京］If(accept)for the job,you’ll be informed soon. 12.［2015·湖南］Video games can be a poor influence if(leave)in the wrong hands. 13［2014·湖南］Only when you can find peace in your heart you keep good relationships with others. 14.［2014·陕西］No sooner Mo Yan stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause. 15.［2014·福建］It was the culture,rather than the language,made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad. 16.［2014·湖南］It’s not doing the things we like,but liking the things we have to do makes life happy. 17.［2014·福建］The climate here is quite pleasant,the temperature rarely,ever,reaching 30℃in summer. 18.［2014·重庆］—I spent two weeks in London last summer. —Then you must have visited the British Museum during your stay,you? 19.［2014·北京］(observe)carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab. 20.［2013·新课标全国Ⅱ］It was only after he had read the papers Mr.Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete. 21.［2013·天津］It was not until near the end of the letter she mentioned her own plan. 22.［2013·江西］Only when he apologizes for his rudeness I speak to him again. 23［2013·福建］Not until he went through real hardship he realize the love we have for our families is important.
第十讲特殊句式（倒装，省略，主谓一致等） 1．完全倒装 (1)表示方式或方位的副词或介词短语，如here, there, now, then, up, down, in, away, off, out, in the room, on the wall等，置于句首时，完全倒装。 John opened the door. There stood a girl he had never seen before.约翰打开门，他从来没见过的一位女孩站在那儿Down came the rain and up went the umbrellas.下雨了，伞都撑起来了。 [点津]上述情况中，若主语是人称代词，则主谓语不用倒装。 Away they went.他们走了。 (2)表语位于句首时，其倒装结构为“表语＋连系动词＋主语”。 Present at the meeting were some scientists from China.许多来自中国的科学家出席了会议。 Gone are the days when we were poor.我们贫穷的日子一去不复返了。 2．部分倒装 (1)only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句，且放在句首时。 Only after they had discussed the matter for several hours did they reach a decision.(摘自2011湖南高考) 直到他们把那个问题讨论了几个小时之后才作出决定。 (2)否定副词never, nor, not, hardly, little, seldom, scarcely, rarely及表否定意义的介词短语at no time, under/in no circumstances, in no case, by no means, on no condition等置于句首时。 Not until he left his home did he begin to know how important the family was for him.(摘自2010江西高考) 直到他离开了家，他才开始知道家庭对他来说有多么重要。 (3)hardly ...when ..., no sooner ...than ..., not only ...but also ...等引导两个句子时，前一个句子用部分倒装，后一个句子不倒装。 Hardly/Scarcely had he heard the news when he began to cry.一听到这个消息他就哭了。 The computer was used in teaching. As a result, not only was teachers' energy saved, but students became more interested in the lessons. 电脑被应用于教学中，结果，不仅节省了老师的精力，学生也对课堂感兴趣了。(4)so/neither/nor置于句首，意为“也(不)”，表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一个人或事物时，要用部分倒装，其句型为：so/neither/nor＋be/助动词/情态动词＋主语……。 Since my return to China, I haven't seen my host mother in America, nor have I heard from her. 自从我回到中国之后就没有见过我在美国的房东妈妈，也没有收到她的来信。 [点津]so表示“是的，确实”时，主谓语不倒装。 —It is too hot. ——天太热了。 —So it is. ——是啊，的确很热。 (5)在so ...that ...和such ...that ...句式中，如果so或such引导的部分位于句首时，主句中的主语和谓语需要部分倒装。 So frightened was she that she could not say a word.她如此害怕以致于一句话也说不出来。 Such great progress did he make that he was praised.他取得了如此大的进步以致于受到了表扬。 (6)as, though引导让步状语从句时，可将表语、状语或谓语动词提前，构成倒装。句式为：表语、状语或动词原形＋as/though＋主语＋其他。 Unsatisfied though he was with the payment, he took the job just to get some work experience.(摘自2009重庆高考) 虽然他对那份工作的报酬不满意，但是为了得到一些工作经验他还是接受了。 Much as he likes the car, he can't afford it.尽管他很喜欢这辆车，但他买不起。 1．The notice says that only when your identity has been checked ________________. (allow) 通知写到：只有当身份得到核实时才能允许你进来。答案：will you be allowed in 2．We laugh at jokes, but seldom ______________________ about how they work.(think) 听到笑话我们会大笑，但是我们很少思考他们是怎样起作用的。答案：do we think 1．强调句型 结构：It is/was ＋被强调部分＋that ＋其他部分。如果被强调的部分是人，可用who代替that。 (1)时态的运用：强调句中的时态要根据原句的时态来确定用is 还是was。即原句为过去的某种时态，则强调
粤教版必修一至五文言文复习资料（特殊句式） 一、分析判断下列特殊句式的类型 1.恐年岁之不吾与：吾，宾语前置 2.肇锡余以嘉名：以嘉名，状语后置） 3.纫秋兰以（之）为佩: 省略句 4.誓天不相负：“相”代指刘兰芝，宾语前置 5.君既若见录：“见”代指刘兰芝，宾语前置 6.络绎如浮云：介词结构后置句 7.踯躅青骢马：主谓倒装，应为“青骢马踯躅” 8.仕宦于台阁：介词结构后置，应为“于台阁仕宦” 9.便复在旦夕：介词结构后置，应为“便在旦夕复” 10.为仲卿母所遣：“为……所……”表被动,被动句 11.同是被逼迫:被动句，“被”式 12.渐见愁煎迫:被动句，“见”式 13.出置南窗下：省略句,“南窗”前省略介词“于” 14.汝是大家子:判断句，“是”式 15.灭六国者六国也，非秦也: 判断句 16.族秦者秦也，非天下也: 判断句 17.一人之心，千万人之心也:判断句 18.朝歌夜弦，为秦宫人 :判断句 19.明星荧荧，开妆镜也 :判断句 20.输来其间: 被动句 21.函谷举 :被动句 22.秦人不暇自哀 :宾语前置 23.有不见者，三十六年: 定语后置 24.钉头磷磷 :定语后置 25.瓦缝参差 :定语后置 26.管弦呕哑 :定语后置
27.使负栋之柱，多于南亩之农夫 :介词结构后置（状语后置） 28.架梁之椽，多于机上之工女: 介词结构后置（状语后置） 29.钉头磷磷，多于在庾之粟粒: 介词结构后置（状语后置） 30.瓦缝参差，多于周身之帛缕 :介词结构后置（状语后置） 31.直栏横槛，多于九土之城郭 :介词结构后置（状语后置） 32.管弦呕哑，多于市人之言语 :介词结构后置（状语后置） 33.朝歌夜弦，为秦宫人: 介词结构后置（状语后置） 34.长桥卧波，未云何龙？复道行空，不霁何虹？:省略句 35.剽掠其人 :省略句 36.可怜焦土 :省略句 37.五步一楼，十步一阁 :省略句 38.游于赤壁之下:介词结构后置句 39.月出于东山之上，徘徊于斗牛之间:介词结构后置句 40.况吾与子渔樵于江渚之上:介词结构后置句 41. 寄蜉蝣于天地:介词结构后置句 42.托遗响于悲风:介词结构后置句 43. 相与枕藉乎舟中:介词结构后置句 44. 客有吹洞箫者:定语后置句 45. 何为其然也:宾语前置句 46. 而今安在哉？:宾语前置句 47. 而又何羡乎？:宾语前置句 48. 此非孟德之困于周郎者乎？:被动句 49. 是造物者之无尽藏也:判断句 50. 固一世之雄也:判断句 51.苟非吾之所有:判断句 52.项脊轩，旧南阁子也:判断句 53.妪，先大母婢也:判断句 54.又杂植兰桂竹木于庭:省略句（省主语“余”） 55.借书满架:省略句（省主语“余”） 56.吾儿，久不见若影: 省略句（省主语“吾”）
专题十特殊句式(倒装、强调和省略等) 基础巩固 Ⅰ.单句填空 1. (observe) carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab. 2.Only after talking to two students I discover that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals. 3. (make) what you’re doing today important,because you’re trading a day of your life for it. 4.Not until he went through real hardship he realize the love we have for our families is important. 5.“Never for a second,”the boy says,“I doubt that my father would come to my rescue.” 6.Every day (read) a proverb aloud several times until you have it memorized. 7.(2017湖北荆州中学四次质检)Only then we realize there was an earthquake. I was too frightened to move. 8.(2017江苏南通全真模拟VI)It is required that under no circumstances we betray ourselves even if there are temptations like money or beauty. 9.So sudden (be)the rain that people in the street all rushed in all directions to find a shelter. 10.Absurd it might sound,everyone present was amused by his adventure story in Africa. 11.A child, if actively (engage) in classroom activities, can be taught many things. 12.—Was Bill, who played basketball very well, helped the blind man cross the road? —Yes, of course. He is always ready to help others. 13.It is how you handle each challenge counts. 14.—I am learning the piano. How can I learn it well? —(mind)the traditional first before trying the modern. 15.The Public Square is an eye-catching sight of the city and there (stand) many stone sculptures of famous historical figures.
一、语法一致 1.不可数名词、不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或名词性从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。如： Knowledge is power.知识就是力量。 Playing with fire is dangerous.玩火很危险。 To see is to believe.眼见为实。 Whether they will hold a party or not has not been decided．他们还没有决定是否举行晚会。 When and where to build the factory is not decided yet.何时何地建厂还未定下来。 2.由and 连接两个单数名词作主语，谓语通常用复数。如： Tom and Mary have been married for ten years.汤姆和玛丽结婚10年了。 The bread and the butter taste good.奶油和面包很好吃。 注意事项： （1）当and连接的两个名词指同一个人，同一物，同一事，同一概念时，谓语用第三人称单数形式（这时应注意冠词的用法：后一个名词前无冠词）。 The poet and writer has gone to Beijing 那位诗人兼作家去北京了。 There is a knife and fork on the table.桌上有一副刀叉。 Here is a needle and thread for you.这是给你的针线。 Bread and butter tastes good.奶油面包很好吃。 Time and tide waits for no man.岁月不待人。 （2）and所连接的连个名词前分别有every, each, no, many a等修饰时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。如： Every boy and every girl likes to go swimming. 每个男孩和每个女孩都喜欢去游泳。 No teacher and no student was absent from the meeting. 没有老师也没有学生开会缺席。 Each teacher and(each)student was given a book．每一位教师和学生都得到了一本书。 Many a teacher and many a student has spoken at the meeting. 在会上，很多老师和学生发了言。 （3）在某些谚语中，由and连接的两个并列主语表示同一概念时，谓语动词一般用单数。如： All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.只工作不玩耍，聪明孩子也会傻。 Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. 早睡早起使人健康、富裕又聪明。 3.当主语后面跟有with, together with, along with, accompanied by, like, except, but, besides, no less than, as well as, including, in addition to, rather than 等词引起的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。如： The teacher, together with his students is watching TV. 老师和学生们正在看电视。 The girls as well as the teacher are dancing.女生和那位老师在跳舞。 Nobody but Tom and Jack knows the secret.除了汤姆和杰克没人知道这个秘密。 4.不定代词either, each, one, another, anyone, anybody, no one, nobody, some one,
主谓一致与特殊句式跟踪练习 再战初中考点---夯实基础 主谓一致 1 (2018·湖南湘西) —Excuse me. Is there a bank near here? —______. It’s just between my house and a post office. A. Yes, it is B. No, there isn’t C. Yes, there is 2.（2018·四川自贡）24. — Did your father use to _______ to work? —Yes, but now he likes using public transportation. He is used to _______ the bus. A. drive; taking B. driving; taking C. driving; take 3.(2018·新疆)27. Both Mike and I _______ ready for the new high school life. A. be B. am C. is. D. are 4. （2018. 贵州安顺）The number of the elderly(老人) increasing in China, and wi th the development of China economy, they better care of in the future. A. is; will take B. are; are taken C. is; will be taken D. are; will take 5.(2018·四川达州)—Have you watched the TV play “In the Name of People”(人民的名义)？ —It’s the most popular play ______ our Party’s trying to struggle against corruption(反对腐败). A. where show B. which show C. that shows D. who shows 6.(2018·江苏苏州) —I’m Daisy, not Jessie. —Sorry, I have difficulty people’s name. A. remembering B. remember C. to remember D. remembered 7. (2018·江苏泰州) Not only children but also my husband ________ crazy about the movie Operation Red Sea(《红海行动》). A.is B. are C. am D. be 8.(2018·甘肃武威)19. Our city is cleaner than it __________ be. A. is used to B. used to C. uses to D. is used 9. (2017·四川眉山)— How many _____ doctors are there in your hospital, David？ — _____ them _____ over one hundred. A. woman; The number of: is B. women; A number of; are
特殊句式专题练习 一、初中英语特殊句式 1．It’s a long time ago ___________ I saw you last time. A．when B．since C．for D．that 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：句意：我上次见你是很久以前了。考察强调结构It is…that…，本句中it没有实际含义，做形式主语指代下文that从句内容，故选D。 考点：考查强调句型。 2．—I like to go to the English corner every Thursday afternoon. —______．It’s interesting. A．So am I B．So did I C．So do I D．Neither do I 【答案】C 【解析】试题分析：句意：:-每个星期四的下午我喜欢去英语角。-我也是。那很有趣。根据句意可知，说话的两个人都喜欢去英语角，故这里应该用so的倒装结构。根据第一句话可知，这里没有be动词，且这个句子使用的是一般现在时，故可排除A和B；D选项表示否定的意思。所以选C。 考点：考查倒装句。 3．What do you think ______solve the problem? A．you can do B．can you do C．you can do to D．can you do to 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：句意：你认为你能做什么来解决问题？do you think是插入语，后面要用陈述语气，to do不定式做目的状语。故选C。 考点：考查插入语的用法。 4．-We don’t like bread with butter. How about you Gina? -____________. A． I do neither B．I don’t, either C．No, I don’t D． I do, either 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：句意：我们不喜欢带有黄油的面包，吉娜，你呢？我也不喜欢。Either在否定句中表示也。结合句意，故选B 考点：考查副词的用法。
专题十一特殊句式 考点聚焦 一、强调句 陈述句型：It is/was +被强调部分+that/who... 一般疑问句式：Is/Was it +被强调部分+that/who... 疑问句式：特殊疑问词（被强调部分）is/was it that/who...? It is/was + not until...+that/who 使用助动词do/does/did强调 Eg:It was in the park that Tom lost his watch. It was him that/who we met at the school gate. Was it yesterday that you met your old friend in the supermarket? Was it in 1939 that the Second World War broke out. Who was it that broke the window? What is it that you want me to do? It was not until ten ten o’clock that he went to bed. Do be careful! He does enjoy drawing. 二、倒装 1、全部倒装 方位名词、副词或介词短语位于句首 such位于句首 Eg:Here comes the train to Beijing. On top of the mountain stands an ancient temple.
Such was Albert Einstein. 2、部分倒装 1）only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句 Eg:Only in this way can we learn English well. Only after the war learned he the sad news. (×) Only after the war did he learn the sad news. (√) Only when did he return did we find out the truth. (×) Only when he returned did he find out the truth. (√) Only can he answer the question. (×) Only he can answer the question. (√) 2）表否定意义的副词和介词短语位于句首 Eg:Seldom in my life have I met so determined a person. At no time should you touch it or get it hurt. Not only do I enjoy less spare time, but I find myself even busier than before. Hardly had he begun to speak when his father. No sooner had she seen him than she smiled. 3）虚拟条件句中如果有were/had/should, 省略if时，were/had/should要提到主语之前。 Eg:Were they here now, they could help me. 4）as,though引导让步状语从句，要用倒装。 Eg:Tired as/though it seems, it is true. Try as he might, he didn’t pass the exam. 5）so,neither,nor置于句首
第11讲特殊句式和主谓一致 特殊句式 [深化认知] 一、倒装句 (一)部分倒装 1．将含有否定意义的副词或连词置于句首时引起部分倒装结构。这类词(组)有：never, seldom, rarely, little, few, at no time, by no means, no longer, hardly/scarcely ... when ..., no sooner ... than ..., not only ... but also ..., not until, nowhere, neither ... nor ... 等。 Not until the press reported the pollution did people know why the water supply had been cut off. 直到报纸报道污染情况，人们才知道水供给为什么会被切断。 2．“only＋状语”置于句首时，主句要进行部分倒装。 (2013·全国卷Ⅱ单选)Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent can the patients be treated properly in this hospital. 只有增加50%的医生，病人才能在这家医院得到妥善治疗。 3．so/such ... that ... 结构中的so, such 连同它所修饰的成分共同位于句首表示强调时，主句要用部分倒装。 So suddenly did he catch the disease that the whole family were at a great loss. 他患病突然，全家人全然不知所措。 4．表示前面所说的情况也适合于后者时，用倒装结构“so/ neither/nor＋助动词/系动词/情态动词＋主语”(so表示肯定意义，neither/nor表示否定意义)。 5．as引导的让步状语从句要用倒装结构。即as引导的让步状语从句中必须将表语、状语(形容词、副词、分词)或实义动词提前，构成“形容词/副词/名词/动词/分词＋as＋主语＋谓语的其他部分”的形式。 Hard as they tried，they couldn't make her change her mind. 尽管他们尽力了，但他们还是没能让她改变主意。 (二)全部倒装 1．here, there, now, then, out, in, up, down, away, on the wall, in the room 等表示地点、时间或方位的副词或介词短语置于句首时，句子用全部倒装。 John opened the door. There stood a girl he had never seen before. 约翰打开门，他从来没见过的一位女孩站在那儿。 2．such置于句首时。 Such are the facts; no one can deny them. 这些就是事实，没有人能否定它们。 [名师指津]此句型中such多被认为是表语，所以such后的be动词应与其后真正的主语保持一致。 二、省略句 1．复合句中的省略 在as if, if, though, when, where, while, no matter what, until等引导的从句中，若谓语部分含be动词，而主语又与主句的主语一致或从句主语是it时，从句的主语和谓语中的be动词可以一起省略。 All the photographs in this book, unless (the photographs are)stated otherwise, date from the 1950s. 这本书里所有的照片，除非有说明的，否则，都要追溯到20世纪50 年代。
[演练提升] Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．It was he ________ took him to the hospital. 2．Ask her if it is a convenient time.If________，can she suggest another time? 3．It was during this time ________ he loaned a book titled Structure and Function in Primiti v e Society. 4．Keep it in mind，________gradually we can gain this good learning habit and benefit from it. 5．So memorable________(be)our time in England that I will treasure it forever. 6．In hospital，when________(tell)she would never sing again，she couldn't believe it. 答案 1.who/that 2.not 3.that 4.and 5.is 6.told Ⅱ.单句改错 1．(2018·全国名校大联考)It was him who showed me how to smile through the rough times.________ 2．(2018·四川成都二次诊断)It was just then when I began to worry about my safety.________ 3．(2018·陕西全真模拟)In a word，success is important，and so does failure，because it's the mother of success. ________ 4．(2018·山东潍坊一模)My dear friends，don't afraid of problems，but take advantage of them to be the best of ourselves.________ 5．(2018·湖南长郡中学等四校联考)There has a big library in our school.________ 6．(2018·湖南雅礼中学二次调研)That's all.Thank you.Some questions？________ 答案 1.him→he 2.when→that 3.does→is 4.don't后加be 5.has→is 6.Some→Any Ⅲ.语法填空 On receiving my learner's permit a couple of months ago, I started driving
课时训练54特殊句式 一、下列每个句子都有一处错误，请改正。 1．In no way he will give up his dream until he succeeds at last. 答案he will→will he 2．It is the best play I have ever seen, and never before had I seen a film of so high quality. 答案had→have 3．West of our city lie a very old temple with a very touching story. 答案lie→lies 4．Not only I am interested in fishing, but I become a member of a club to improve my skills. 答案I am→am I 5．Not until I went through his paper I found what rapid progress he had made in writing. 答案I found→did I find 二、补充下列反意疑问句。 1．Tom doesn't have an English dictionary, ________ ________？ 答案does he 2．You and I could hardly work together, ________ ________？ 答案could we 3．It can't have snowed last week, ________ ________？ 答案did it 4．It's the first time that he has been to Australia, ________ ________？ 答案isn't it
专题七特殊句式 挖命题 【考情探究】 特殊句式在近五年课标全国I卷的高考语篇型填空和短文改错中考查很少,仅在2017年短文改错中考查了祈使句的用法。 分析解读 1.掌握感叹句、祈使句、存现句(there be句型)、省略和反意疑问句的基本用法。 2.了解倒装句的基本用法和规则,识别其在具体语境中的运用。 3.建议在复习备考中熟记感叹句、祈使句、存现句、省略和反意疑问句的基本用法并熟练运用。英语水平高的学生要熟悉常用的省略和倒装句的基本用法,将其合理运用到自己的英语写作中,提升书面表达的层次和得分。
破考点【网络清单】(★)特殊句式 感叹句引出的感叹句引出的感叹句 祈使句普通祈使句 带主语的祈使句 祈使句否定式和强调式 反意疑问句基本用法 陈述部分含有的反意疑问句 陈述部分含有表示否定意义的前缀构成的词的反意疑问句陈述部分含有宾语从句的反意疑问句 祈使句的反意疑问句 省略定语从句中的省略状语从句中的省略不定式的省略 存现句句型基本句型 句型的变体 倒装句完全倒装 表示地点的副词置于句首且主语是名词不是代词时 表示时间、方向的副词或表示地点的介词短语置于句首且主语是名词不是代词时 作表语的形容词、分词、介词短语、置于句首时 部分倒装 状语从句置于句首句子主句需要部分倒装 具有否定意义或半否定意义的副词以及含否定词的介词短语置于句首作状语时或助动词情态动词动词主语表示也也不 句型 句型 句型 形式倒装 感叹句 句型 或引导的让步状语从句 引导的让步状语从句
【考点集训】 单句填空 1.When (take) exams, we sometimes cheat in order to get good results to make our parents and teachers pleased. 答案taking 2.Every day (read) a proverb aloud several times until you have it memorized. 答案read 3.When passing by the classroom , I found there (be) five students and a teacher chatting in the classroom just now. 答案were 4.Never for a second,the boy says,I doubt that my father would come to my rescue. 答案did 5. a great success you have achieved!said the teacher proudly. 答案What 单句改错 6.(2017课标全国Ⅰ)I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the words, Speed up!Slow down!Turning left! 答案Turning→Turn 7.(2017山东菏泽一模) As is known to us all, some students have breakfast regularly while others don t. There is several reasons. 答案There is中的is改为are 8.My dear friends, don t afraid of problems, but take advantage of them to be the best of ourselves. 答案don t后加be 根据括号中的要求或提示改写或完成句子 9.Therefore, I think it will not only be a golden opportunity for you to show your great talent, but also you can offer us guidance.(用not only...but also...倒装结构改写句子) → 答案Therefore, I think not only will it be a golden opportunity for you to show your great talent, but also you can offer us guidance. 10.Although I was frightened, I tried to keep my balance to prevent myself from falling off.(用as引导的倒装句改写) → 答案Frightened as I was, I tried to keep my balance to prevent myself from falling off. 11.I didn t realise the importance of studying hard until I failed in the exam. →①(not until位于句首的倒装结构) →②(not until的强调句型)