2017年5月CATTI英语二级笔译真题
一、英译汉第一篇：出自The2030Agenda For Sustainable Development
This Agenda is a plan of action for people,planet and prosperity.It also seeks to strengthen universal peace in larger freedom.We recognize that eradicating poverty in all its forms and dimensions,including extreme poverty,is the greatest global challenge and an indispensable requirement for sustainable development.
We are resolved to free the human race from the alleviation of poverty and heal and protect our planet.We are determined to take the bold and transformative steps which are urgently needed to shift the world onto a sustainable and resilient path.
The17Sustainable Development Goals and169targets which we are announcing today demonstrate the scale and ambition of this new universal Agenda.They seek to build on the Millennium Development Goals and complete what these did not achieve.They seek to realize the human rights of all and to achieve gender equality and the empowerment of all women and girls. They are integrated and indivisible and balance the three dimensions of sustainable development: the economic,social and environmental.
We are meeting at a time of immense challenges to sustainable development.Billions of our citizens continue to live in poverty and are denied a life of dignity.There are rising inequalities within and among countries.Gender inequality remains a key challenge.Unemployment, particularly youth unemployment,is a major concern.Global health threats,more frequent and intense natural disasters,spiraling conflict,violent extremism,terrorism and related humanitarian crises and forced displacement of people threaten to reverse much of the development progress made in recent decades.Natural resource depletion and adverse impacts of environmental degradation,including desertification,drought,land degradation,freshwater scarcity and loss of biodiversity,add to and exacerbate the list of challenges which humanity faces.Climate change is one of the greatest challenges of our time and its adverse impacts undermine the ability of all countries to achieve sustainable development.
The Millennium Development Goals were agreed15years ago provided an important framework for development and significant progress has been made in a number of areas.But the progress has been uneven,particularly in Africa,least developed countries,landlocked developing countries,and small island developing States,and some of the Millennium Development Goals remain off-track,in particular those related to maternal,newborn and child health and to reproductive health.We recommit ourselves to the full realization of all the Millennium Development Goals,including the off-track Millennium Development Goals,in particular by providing focused and scaled-up assistance to least developed countries and other countries in special situations,in line with relevant support programs.The new Agenda builds on the Millennium Development Goals and seeks to complete what these did not achieve,particularly in reaching the most vulnerable countries.
二、英译汉第二篇：出自2010年Economist
Entrepreneurs in Silicon Valley,only half-jokingly,call it the URL strategy.The three letters usually stand for Uniform Resource Locator—the unique address of any file that is accessible via
the internet.But in the world of internet start-ups,URL has another meaning:Ubiquity first, Revenue Later.This pretty much describes the strategy of most big online social networks,which over the past few years have concentrated on piling on users rather than worrying about profits. That has allowed them to build huge followings,but it has also raised a big question-mark over their ability to make money from the audiences they have put together.
At issue is whether the social-networking industry can come up with a wildly successful form of advertising in the same way that Google has been able to make billions of dollars from the targeted ads that run alongside the search results it serves up.Without such a formula,runs the argument,social networks such as Facebook will never amount to much.
Doubters claim that the networks face two big handicaps.The first is that people logged into social-networking sites are there to hang out with their friends,so they will pay no attention to ads. The second is that because the sites let users generate their own content,they will find it hard to attract advertisers because brands will not want to take the risk of appearing alongside examples of profanity,obscenity or nudity—or all three at once.
But the broader outlook for networking sites is more encouraging.One reason is that advertisers are being drawn to the leading sites by their sheer scale.Facebook's audience is bigger than any TV network that has ever existed on the face of the earth.Another thing that has attracted companies is the networks'ability to target ads with laser-like precision,thanks to the data they hold on their users'ages,gender,interests and so forth.Although there are still lingering concerns about brands appearing next to racy content,firms seem more willing to run this risk now that the networks'advertising proposition has become more compelling.
In addition to advertising-driven business model,networks are already making healthy profits from sales of games and virtual goods.The beauty of this business for social networks is that the cost of producing and storing virtual inventory is minimal.Moreover,because these are closed markets,networks can fix prices at levels that generate fat margins.To some,the notion that big money can be made from selling make-believe items may seem bizarre.But the practice replicates the physical presents that people give to one another to cement relationships in the real world.
三、汉译英第一篇：出自中国五矿集团公司介绍
本公司是全球最大最强的冶金建设运营服务商，拥有24万在职员工，资产规模超7000亿元，境外机构、资源项目与承建工程遍布全球60多个国家和地区。本公司有着独特的全产业链竞争优势，公司在全球金属矿业领域率先打通了从资源获取、勘查、设计、施工、运营到流通、深加工的全产业链，形成了为金属矿产企业提供系统性解决方案和工程建设运营一体化全生命周期的服务能力。
本公司金属矿产资源储量丰富，在国内外拥有一批世界级优质矿山。在冶金工业建设领域，公司积累了贯穿各环节的核心技术优势和设计施工能力，承担了中国大中型钢铁企业超过90%的设计施工任务和全球60%冶金建设任务，是冶金建设的“国家队”。公司拥有遍布全球的贸易流通网络，全球采购、全球营销，金属矿产品流通规模稳居国内第一。
四、汉译英第二篇：出自李克强总理2016年夏季达沃斯论坛开幕式致辞
我们应该积极促进结构性改革，特别是供给侧改革。中国经济发展面临结构性的矛盾，供给和需求两侧都有，主要在供给侧，我们要用改革的办法推进结构调整，减少无效和低端的供给，扩大有效和中高端的供给，这既有利于经济转型，也有利于促进经济增长。
其中重要的方面就是要淘汰严重过剩的产能，重点是抓好钢铁、煤炭等困难行业去产能，近年来已经取得些许成就，生煤和生铁产量下降，但还要进一步减少，主要是运用市场化和法治化手段，严格环保、质量、安全等标准。去产能最大的难题是人往哪里去。企业要采取多种措施使职工转岗不下岗，中央和地方政府都要对职工分流安置给予必要的支持。产能过剩是一个全球性的问题，我们将主动采取行动去产能，这本身就表明中国是负责任的大国。
2014年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（一） Section ⅠUse of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can't remember 1 we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance's name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain 2 , we refer to these occurrences as "senior moments." 3 seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a(an) 4 impact on our professional, social, and personal 5 . Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there's actually a lot that can be done. It 6 out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental 7 can significantly improve our basic cognitive 8 . Thinking is essentially a 9 of making connections in the brain. To a certain extent, our ability to 10 in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited. 11 , because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate 12 mental effort. Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step 13 and developed the first "brain training program" designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental 14 . The Web-based program 15 you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps 16 of your progress and provides detailed feedback 17 your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it 18 modifies and enhances the games you play to 19 on the strengths you are developing--much like a(n) 20 exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use. 1.[A] that [B] when [C] why [D] where 2.[A] fades [B] improves [C] collapses [D] recovers 3.[A] Unless [B] While [C] Once [D] If 4.[A] damaging [B] limited [C] uneven [D] obscure 5.[A] relationship [B] environment [C] wellbeing [D] outlook 6.[A] figures [B] finds [C] points [D] turns 7.[A] responses [B] associations [C] workouts [D] roundabouts 8.[A] genre [B] criterion [C] circumstances [D] functions 9.[A] channel [B] process [C] condition [D] sequence
2019年CATTI二级笔译英译汉真题及参考答案 【第一篇】 So where there is financial connection, we see that rapid improvements in quality of life can quickly follow. In our modern context, there are several important channels to achieving this greater financial connectivity. I want to highlight two today: increased capital mobility and increased financial inclusion. First, enabling capital to flow more freely. Allowing capital to flow across borders can help support inclusive growth. Right now, foreign direct investment —FDI — is only 1.9 percent of GDP in developing countries. Before the global financial crisis, it was at 2.5 percent. Making progress on major infrastructure needs will require capital flows to rise again and to be managed safely. Greater openness to capital flows can also bring down the cost of finance, improve the efficiency of the financial sector, and allow capital to support productive investments and new jobs. Challenges that come with opening up capital markets. Thankfully, we know from experience the elements that are required for success. These include sound financial regulation, transparent rules for investment, and attention to fiscal sustainability. We also need increased financial inclusion. A few numbers: close to half of the adult population in low and middle-income Asia-Pacific economies do not have a bank account. Less than 10 percent have ever borrowed from a financial institution. And yet, we know that closing the finance gap is an “economic must-have” for nations to thrive in the 21st century. IMF analysis shows that if the least financially inclusive countries in Asia narrowed the finance gap to the level of Thailand — an emerging market economy — the poverty rate in those countries could be reduced by nearly 4 percent. How can we get there? In part, through policies that enable more women and rural citizens to access financial services. The financial gender gap for women in developing countries is about 9 percent and has remained largely unchanged since 2011. There is no silver bullet, but we know that fintech can play a catalyzing role. In Cambodia, for example, strong public-private partnerships in supporting mobile finance has led to a tripling in the number of micro-financial institutions since 2011. These institutions have now provided loans to over 2 million new borrowers, representing nearly 20 percent of the adult population. Many of these citizens had never had a bank account. Now they can save for the future and perhaps even start a business of their own. These are ideas that can work everywhere. But countries have to be willing to partner and learn from each other. That is one of the major reasons why last October, the IMF and World Bank launched the Bali Fintech Agenda. The agenda lays out key principles — from developing financial markets to safeguarding financial integrity — that can help each nation as it strives for greater financial inclusion. 【第一篇参考答案】
2018年上半年中小学教师资格考试 英语学科知识与教学能力试题（初级中学） 注意事项： 1．考试时间120分钟，满分150分。 2．请按规定时间在答题卡上填涂、作答。在试卷上作答无效，不予评分。 一、单项选择题(本大题共30小题，每小题2分，共60分)在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案字母按要求涂黑。错选、多选或未选均无分。 1.The similarity between the English consonants/p/,/b/,and/m/is that they are all(). A.fricative B.plosive https://www.doczj.com/doc/f716372502.html,bial-dental D.bilabial 2.Which of the following is a back vowel in English?() A./?:/ B./?:/ C./?/ D./e/ 3.There is only one playground slide in this school,so the students have to take()to use it. A.turns B.the turns C.a turn D.the turn 4.Out of everyone’s expectation,Johnson suddenly returned()a rainy night. A.at B.in C.on D.during 5.She()it very well when she described her younger brother as“brilliant but lazy”. A.put B.made C.assumed D.interpreted 6.We don’t think()possible to master a foreign language without much memory work. A.this B.that C.its D.it 7.()the same mistakes in the annual financial report again made his boss very angry.
2014年下半年高中《英语学科知识》教师资格证考试统考真题及答案 一、选择题（本大题共30小题，每小题2分，共60分） 在每小题列出的四个备选选项中选择一个最佳答案，请用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案字母按要求涂黑。错选、多选或未选均无分。 1.which of the following is the proper pronunciation of“have to “as a result of assimilation? A.／hef tu／ B.／hev tu／ C.／h?f tu／ D.／h?v tu／ 2.which of the following shows the proper rhythmical pattern of the sentence? A.′Come to′see us at our′new a`partment B.`Come to`see us at`our new`apartment C.`Come to`see us`at our`new`apartment D.`Come to`see us`at our`new a`parement 3.He came to dinner and my mom fixed a roast,prime rib,pie,yohurt,dri nks,and that kind of＿,and it was really good. A.meat B.stuff C.staff D.Dish 4.Unlike her＿ sister,Judith is a shy,unsociable person who dislike to go to parties or to make new friends. A.charming B.friendly C.gracious D.Gregarious 5.He pledged support for“＿care”， where youngsters were looked after be close relatives like aunts or uncles,but not parents. A.family B.kinship C.sibling D.Relative 6.I will never know all that was in his head at the time,＿. A.nor will anyone else B.nor anyone else will C.nor won′t anyone else D.nor anyone else won′t 7.She doesn′t want to work right now because she thinks that if she ＿a job she probably wouldn′ t be able to visit her friends very often. A.has to get B.were to get C.had got D.could have got 8.What is the correct way to read the decimal“106.16”in English? A.One hundred and six point one six B.One hundred and six point six teen C.One hundred and six points one six D.One hundred and six points s ixteen 9.When any of the maxims under the Cooperative Principle is flouted on purpose,might arise. A.ambiguous structure B.contradictory proposition
2018-11 【英译中】【Passage 1】 New drone footage gives a glimpse of the damage that Hawaii’s Big Island sustained in the wake of volcanic explosions in recent days. Smoke can be seen billowing off the lava as it creeps down roads and through wooded areas toward homes. Fires are visible with terrifying streams of brightness breaking through the surrounding areas of black. After a day of relative calm, Kilauea roared back in full force on Sunday,spewing lava 300 feet in the air, encroaching on a half mile of new ground and bringing the total number of destroyed structures to 35. 从无人机拍摄到的最新视频中，可以大概了解到近日火山喷发后，夏威夷大岛所遭受的损失情况。火山岩浆在道路上、树林里蔓延，直逼住家，岩浆所到处浓烟滚滚。在一片漆黑中可见多处大火，火光十分刺眼。基拉韦厄火山经过相对平静的一天后，周日又火力全开，将岩浆喷到300英尺高空，又侵蚀了半英里土地，共有35处建筑遭摧毁。 There have been 1,800 residents evacuated from their neighborhoods where cracks have been opening and spilling lava. In evacuated areas with relatively low sulfur dioxide levels, residents were allowed to return home for a few hours to collect belongings on Sunday and Monday. Officials said those residents – a little more than half of the evacuees — were allowed to return briefly, and they would continue to allow residents in if it could be done safely. 由于地面开裂、岩浆涌出，1800社区居民被疏散。周六周日，在二氧化硫浓度不高的被疏散区域，居民获准回家几个小时收拾家中物品。当地官员称，这些居民——约占被疏散居民总数的半数多些——被准许回家短暂停留，并且在保证安全的前提下，允许其他居民回家。 “Things got pretty active,” an official said at a Saturday press conference. “The eight volcanoes were pretty active, to the point where lava was spewing and the flow started spreading so we got additional damage out there. I’m not sure what the count is, but we thought it was just continuing to go. Fortunately, seismicity has laid down and the volcanoes have gone quiet now.” But officials had cautioned that while the lava flow was quiet, it wouldn’t be for long. “More volcano es could open up, the existing ones could get active again.” There’s a lot of lava under the ground so eventually it’s going to come up.” “这些火山变的很活跃，”一位官员在周六举行的新闻发布会上称，“有八个火山变的很活跃，岩浆喷出后，四处扩散，因此我们那里损失又多了些。我现在还不了解损失总数，但我们认为这个数字仍在不断攀升。庆幸地是，现在地震强度已经减弱，火山也开始平息下来了。”但是官员警告称，虽然岩浆流动慢下来了，
词汇与语法B 1、Tom ________ more than twenty pounds on the novel. A.spent B.paid C.cost D.took 答案：A 2、A pair of spectacles ________ what I need at the moment. A.is B.are C.has D.have 答案：A 3、I won’t make the _______ mistake next time. A.like B.same C.near D.similar 答案：B 4、He _______ driving me home, even though I told him I lived nearby. A.insisted on B.insisted at C.insisted that D.insisted in 答案：A 5、The boy is not happy at the new school. He has ________ friends there. A.few B.a few C.little D.a little 答案：A 6、Measles(麻疹) ________ a long time to get over.
C.take D.takes 答案：D 7、I don’t know _______ to deal with such matter. A.what B.how C.which D./ 答案：B 8、- Do you want to wait? - Five days ________ too long for me to wait. A.was B.were C.is D.are 答案：C 9、- _______ is your girl friend like? - She is very kind and good-looking. A.How B.What C.Which D.Who 答案：B 10、I fell and hurt myself while I ________ basketball yesterday. A.was playing B.am playing C.play D.played 答案：A 11、He _______ lives in the house where he was born. A.already
2014年10月自考《英语（二）》真题（完整试卷）含答案解析 第一部分：阅读判断（第1～10题，每题1分，共10分） 下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C，并将所选答案的代码（指A、B或C）填在答题纸的相应位置上。 The Stranger Who Changed My Life It was a sunny morning in the spring of 1966. I was driving a taxi，looking for a customer. While passing New York Hospital，l found a man running down the hospital steps，waving at me. I stopped. The man reached the taxi and jumped in. “ The Airport，please，“ he said. As always，I wondered about my passenger. Was this man a talker? After a few moments，he started saying，“How do you like driving a taxi?” ‘s i t’ s OK，”I said. “I make a living and meet interesting people sometimes.” “ What do you do?” I asked. “I am a doctor at New York Hospital. ” Many times during long rides，l’d developed a good relationship with my passengers and received very good advice from them. This time I decided to ask for his help，”Could I ask a favor of you?”He didn't answer. “I have a son，15，a good kid. He wants a job this summer. is it possible that you get one for him?” He still wasn't talking, and I was starting to feel foolish. Finally, he said, “ Well, my students have a summer research project. Maybe he could join in. Have him send me his school record. ” He left his address and paid me. It was the last time I ever saw him. Robbie sent off his grades the next morning. And gradually this incident was forgotten. Two weeks later, when I arrived home from work, Robbie handed me a letter. He was informed to call Dr. Plum for an interview. Robbie got the job. The following summer, Robbie worked at the hospital again, but this time, he was given more responsibility. Then, he worked at the hospital for a third summer and gradually developed a love of medical profession. Near graduating from college, Robbie applied to and was admitted to New York Medical College. After getting his medical degree, Robbie, the son of a taxi driver, became a doctor at Columbia Medical Center. 1. The doctor shouted at the taxi driver for a ride. A. True B. False C. Not Given 2. The doctor wanted to go to the railway station by taxi. A. True B. False C. Not Given 3. The taxi driver liked talking with his customers. A. True B. False C. Not Given 4. The taxi driver had two children. A. True B. False C. Not Given 5. The taxi driver became Dr. Plum' s friend. A. True B. False C. Not Given 6. The doctor wrote a recommendation letter for Robbie. A. True B. False C. Not Given 7. Robbie joined in a summer research project.
Section 1 V ocabulary and Grammar (60 points) This section consists of 3 parts. Read the direction for each part before answering the questions. Part 1 V ocabulary Selection In this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices marked by letters A, B, C, and D respectively. Choose the word which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. 1. From a young age, children begin a continuous process of evaluating themselves in the _____ of the opinions and comments of those around them. a. contrast b. return c. light d. spite 2. If you’re forced outside for hours ____ end, especially doing something physical, consider dumping water over your head or on your neck. a. at b. to c. in d. on 3. One reason for the cost of wave power is the need to make the equipment _____ to storm damage and corrosion. a. impassable b. impertinent c. imperious d. impervious 4. The study found that one in four people has missed an important appointment, and that nearly one in five has fallen ____ with a friend
2017年下半年教师资格证考试 《英语学科知识与教学能力》真题（高级中学） (总分150, 考试时间120分钟) 一、单项选择题 本大题共 30 小题，每小题 2 分，共 60 分。在每小题列出的四个备选项中选择一个最佳答案，错选、多选或未选均无分。 1. The sound of "th" in "thin" is ( ). A voiceless, dental, and fricative B voiced, dental, and fricative C voiceless, dental, and affricative D voiced, dental, and affricative 答案:A 本题考查辅音的发音。本题属于语音知识，也属于语言学中语音学的知识。th 字母组合在单词thin 中发/θ/音，发此音时，声带是不振动的，即不带声的（voiceless）；另外，发/θ/音时舌头要顶住牙齿，所以叫齿音（dental)；按照发音方式，它是空气通过与牙齿摩擦发出的声音，属于擦音（fricative）。故本题选 A。 2. Of all the following pairs of words, ( ) is a minimal pair. A boot and bought B deep and dog C either and neither D ghost and best 答案:A 本题考查音系学中的最小对立体。最小对立体（minimal pair）指除了出现在同一位置上的一个音之外其余都相同的两个语音组合。在音位分析中，只涉及一个音素差别的对立体叫做最小对立体。如 pen[pen]和 ben[ben]。几个选项中只有 A 项中两个单词的元音发音不同，前后两个音都是爆破音/b/和/t/。故本题选 A。 3. ( ) can fly very high in ( ) sky. A The birds…the B The birds…/ C Birds…the D Birds…/ 答案:C 本题考查冠词。句意为"鸟可以在天空中飞得很高"。"不定冠词+单数名词"或单个复数名词可表示一类，这里 birds 指的是鸟类，表示泛指，不加定冠词；sky 是世界上独一无二的事物，前面用定冠词 the 修饰。故本题选 C。 4. In my opinion she is kind and polite, so I put her rudeness today down as ( ). A ordinary B untimely C progessive D accidental 答案:D 本题考查形容词辨析。句意为"在我看来她是善良和有礼貌的，因此我认为她今天的粗鲁是偶然的"。ordinary"普通的"，untimely"过早的，不适时的"，progressive"进步的；进行的"，accidental"意外的，偶然的"。故本题选 D。 5. With spring approaching, the pink of the apple-blossom is beginning to ( ). A show B grow C rise D ascend 答案:A 本题考查动词辨析。句意为"随着春天的到来，粉红的苹果花开始出现在枝头"。show"露出，出
历年英语翻译初级口译考试真题及答案 上午卷： 英译中： (1) New Zealand is a South Pacific country located midway between the Equator and the South Pole, with a land of 268,105 square kilometers and a population of over three million. （第63页－黄） 新西兰是一个南太平洋国家，位于赤道和南极洲之间，国土面积为268105平方公里，人口为300多万。 简析：纵观口译考题，出题者十分聪明地将有关课文的每篇的首句作为考题来出，真是用心良苦。试想每篇文章的首句或每段文章的第一句话不是有提纲挈领的作用吗？理解了首句往往就能了解文章的大概。这和阅读理解的要求有着很大的相通性。所以加强平日对英语句子的敏感性十分有必要。 2) When the washing cycle is over, the machine fries the plates and glasses with its own heart, and indeed they can be left inside until they are needed for the next meal. (P.367) 洗涤过程完成后，洗碗机用自身的热量将盘子和杯子烘干。杯盘还可以留在机内待下一餐使用时再取出。 中译英： (1）为了过好学校里的公寓生活，学生应该学会自己洗衣服，整理房间，甚至于买菜做饭。（第355页） To manage apartment living in school successfully, the students must learn to do their own washing and cleaning, and even buy and cool their own food. (2）据估计，全球毒品的贸易额以达到每年4000亿美元之巨。吸毒者约占全世界人口的3％。(p36蓝)
2014年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试管理类专业硕士学位 联考英语试卷 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) Thinner isn’t always better. A number of studies have _1_ that normal-weight people are in fact at higher risk of some diseases compared to those who are overweight. And there are health conditions for which being overweight is actually _2_. For example, heavier women are less likely to develop calcium deficiency than thin women. _3_, among the elderly, being somewhat overweight is often an _4_ of good health. Of even greater _5_ is the fact that obesity turns out to be very difficult to define. It is often _6_body mass index, or BIMI _7_ body mass divided by the square of height. An adult with a BIMI of 18 to 25 is often considered to be normal weight. Between 25 to 30 is overweight. And over 30 is considered obese. Obesity, _8_ can be divided into moderately obese, severely obese, and very severely obese.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/f716372502.html, CATTI二级笔译历年真题以及答案 英汉翻译八大注意事项 陈炳发全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试英语专家委员会委员 有幸多次参与国家人事部组织、外文局实施并管理的全国翻译资格(水平)考试的阅卷、质检工作，我发现，一些考生翻译水平还是不错的，但对于翻译的基本常识缺乏了解，不知道如何规范地处理数字、人名、地名、机构名、缩略语以及其他问题，因而或多或少地影响了个人的成绩。以下是我收集整理的一些考试中常见的“雷区”，可能对考生提高考试成绩有所助益。 一、数字 关于数字用法的问题，国家主管部门已有具体规定，各翻译出版机构以及一些国际组织也有自己的专门规定。有志于从事翻译职业的人应该对这些有起码的了解。 一般的规定是，对于纯粹属于计量或统计范畴的数值，无论原文是否使用阿拉伯数字，译文一般用阿拉伯数字。例如：原文“654,321,000”，译文中照抄“654,321,000”即可;不能译为6亿5千4百32万1千。原文“fifty million”，可译为“5 000万”;不能译为“五十百万”，
https://www.doczj.com/doc/f716372502.html, 或“50百万”。对于万以上数字，中文一般以“万”和“亿”为单位;原文“half a billion”，可译为“5亿”。原文“five trucks”，可译为“5辆卡车”;原文“3-4 percent”，可译为“3%-4%”;原文“five percentage points”，可译为“5个百分点”。 原文用英文数字或罗马数字表示的，除纯粹属于计量或统计范畴的数值的情况外，译文用汉字。例如：原文“Chapter II”，可译为“第二章”，不能译为“第2章”;原文“Committee of Twenty-four”，可译为“二十四国委员会”，不能译为“24国委员会”;原文“Sixty-fourth Session”，可译为“第六十四届会议”，不能译为“第64届会议”。 在原文中，数字如作为词素构成固定的词、词组、惯用语、缩略语、具有修辞色彩的语句，以及邻近两个数字连用表示概数的情况，则译文中可使用汉字;整数一至十，如果不是出现在具有统计意义的一组数字中，可以用汉字，但要照顾到上下文，以便求得局部体例上的一致。例如：原文“quarter”，应译为“四分之一”;原文“three to four people”，则译为“三四人”;原文“Third World”，可译为“第三世界”;原文“several thousand people”，则译为“几千人”;原文“five principles”，可译为“五项原则”;原文“four or five hundred”，可译为“四五百”;原文“well over sixty”，可译为“六十好几了(年龄)”, 原文“50-odd years old”，可译为“五十出头”, 原文“a little over 30 years old”，可译为“三十挂零”等等。 对于数字的翻译还可以做出许多规定，但对于翻译(水平)考试而言，掌握以上三点就基本可以了。对于不规范的数字表述，诸如“6亿5千4百32万1千”之类，阅卷老师都是要酌情扣分的。