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法律专业英语词汇

法律专业英语词汇
法律专业英语词汇

汉英法律专业词汇

(法理、法制史)Jurisprudence, History of Legal Systems

按照法律规定:according to law

按照确定的份额分享权力:be entitled to rights in proportion to his proper share of the credit

按照确定的份额分担义务:assume obligations in proportion to his proper share of the debt

案例教学法:case system

案例汇编:case book; case report; law report

被视为:be deemed as

被宣布为非法:be outlawed; be declared illegal

比较法:comparative law

比较法学:comparative jurisprudence

比较法学派:school of comparative jurisprudence

比较法制史: comparative legal history

比较分析法:method of comparative analysis

比较刑法:comparative penal law

比较刑法学:comparative penal jurisprudence

必然因果关系:positive causal relationship

边缘法学:borderline jurisprudence

变通办法:adaptation; accommodation

补充规定:supplementary provision

补救办法:remedial measures

不成文法:unwritten law

不动产所在地法律:law of the place where the real property is situated; lex loci rei immobilisci

不可分割的权利:impartible right

不可抗力:force majuere

不可侵犯性:inviolability

不可让与性:inalienability

不履行法律义务:non-performance of obligation

不要式行为:informal act

不要因的法律行为:non-causal juristic act

不因实效而丧失的权利:imprescriptible right

不作为:abstain from an act; act of omission

部门法:department law

部门规章:regulation

参照:consult

参照具体情况: in the light of actual conditions

参照原文: consult the original

亚里士多德: Aristotle

柏拉图: Plato

德拉古: Draco

盖尤斯: Gaius

西塞罗:Marcus Tullius Cicero

乌尔比安 Ulpianus

罗马皇帝优士丁尼一世:Justinian I

乌尔比安: Ulpianus

西塞罗:Marcus Tullius Cicero

优士丁尼皇帝:Justinian《罗马法律汇编》:Roman Digest

《民法大全》:Corpus Juris Civilis

优士丁尼法典: the Codex Justinianus

《优士丁尼民法大全》(《国法大全》):Corpus Juris Civilis

《十二表法》: Twelve Tables

拿破仑法典: The Code Napolean

《日耳曼法》:Germanic law

《教会法大全》Corpus Juris Canonici

《汉穆拉比法典》: Code of Hammurabi

《保护人权与基本自由公约》(1950) :Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, 1950 (罗)

查士丁尼法典:Code Justinian; Codex Justinianus

查士丁尼法规汇编: Authenticum

《德国民法典》:German Civil code

《大宪章》(1215) :Great Charter, 1215(英)

欧洲大陆法: continental law

南京条约: (1843) Treaty of Nanking, 1843

罗马-日耳曼法系: Roman-Germanic family

罗马私法: Jus Privatum

罗马法学派: school of Romanists

家庭法: family law

教会法:canon law

罗马法理学: jurisprudential

教会法学家 decretalists

罗马法:Roman Law; Jus Romanum

罗马法系: Roman-Law System

(古罗马的)元老院: the Senate

超出法律范围的:outside of law

超出法律权限的:extralegal

超过权限: exceed authority; beyond jurisdiction

成文法: written law

冲突法: conflict of laws; rules of conflict

冲突规则: conflict rule; rule of conflict

除(本法)另有规定外: except for otherwise stipulated (by this law) 除外条款: provisory clause

除外责任条款: exclusion clause

触犯公共利益: encroach on the public interests

触犯国际利益:go against the state’s interests

触犯人民利益: encroach on the interests of the people; go against the

people’s interests

传统法律观念: traditional ideas of law

纯粹法学: pure theory of law

次要法规: by law

次要规则: secondary rule

从宽解释原则: doctrine of liberal construction

从权利: accessory right

达到法定年龄: come of age

大法: the fundamental law

大法官:Lord High Chancellor

大陪审团 grand jury

大法官法院:Court of Chancery

大陆法系:Continental Legal System

大律师:barrister

《大明律》:Criminal Law of the Ming Dynasty (中)

《大清律例》:the Criminal Laws of the Qing Dynasty (中) 单行法规:specific regulations

单一法律体系:unitary legal system

单一制政府:unitary government

但书:proviso

当代法学动向:current trend of jurisprudence

当然解释: natural interpretation

党纪国法:party discipline and the law of the country

道德规范:norm of morality

道德义务: moral obligation

第二读:second reading

第三读: third reading

二元论:the dualistic theory

二元君主立宪制: dual constitutional monarchy system

二元论: the dualistic theory

二元论者:dualist

二元制: bicameral system

法的本质: the nature of law

法的变化:changes of law

法的定义:definition of law

法的发展:development of law

法的分类: divisions of law

法律概念: legal concept

法的概念: concepts of law

法的规范作用:normalized usage of law

法的继承:succession of law

法律的理想:ideal of law

法律的权威: authority of law

法律的失效:lapse of law

法律的实施:administration of law; law enforcement 法律的适用:application of law

法律的统一: unification of law

法律的推定: presumption of law

法律的推理: analogy of law

法律的完整性: integrity of law

法律的效力范围:force’s scale of law

法律的效力形式:force’s form of law

法律的修改:alteration of law

法律的演进: evolutin of law

法律的原理: principle of law

法律地位平等:equal in legal status

法律对人的效力:personal act of law

编纂法律方法: legal methodology

法律分类: classification of law

法律赋予权力: authority conferred by law

法律改革: law reform

法律根据: legal basis

法律工作者: legal professional

法律关系:legal relation

法律关系的运行: process of legal relation

法律关系客体: object of legal relation

法律关系主体: subject of legal relation

法律规定:provisions of law

法律规范: norm of law

法律规范的逻辑结构: logical structure of legal rule 法律规则体系: system of legal rules

法律含义: intendment of law

法律另有规定:otherwise stipulated by law

法律现象:legal phenomenon

法律研究:legal research

法律要件: legal requirement

法律依据: legal basis

法律意见: legal advice

法律意见书:legal opinion

法律意识: law-consciousness

法律意义: legal sense

法律用语: legal language

法律与正义先验论: a prior theory of law and justice 法律渊源: source of law

法律原本注释: gloss

法律原理: legal doctrines

法律原则: principle of legality

法律援助:legal aid

法律约束: legal binding; legal restraint

法律责任: legal responsibility

法律责任的道义基础: moral basic of legal obligation

法律责任的归结: imputaton of legal responsibility

法律责任的认定: determination of legal responsibility

法律责任的执行: enforcement of legal responsibility

法律责任客体: object of legal responsibility

法律责任主体: subject of legal responsibility

法律哲学:philosophy of law; philosophie du droit (法);philosophia juris 法律政策: policy of the law

法律职业道德: legal ethics

法律指导: legal counsel

法律制裁: legal sanction

法律制度: regime of law; legal system

法律秩序: legal order

法律主体资格: capacity as a subject of law

法律主张: proposition of law

法律属地原则: territoriality of laws

法律著述: legal literature

法律专家: legal expert

法律专业: legal profession

法律专著和教科书: legal treatise and textbook

法律咨询: legal advice

法律尊严:legal sanctity

法盲: legal illiterates

法权: right

法社会学: sociology of law

法系: legal system

法协会: law society

法学: jurisprudence

法学士: bachelor of law

法学博士: doctor of jurisprudence

法学导论: leading principles of law

法学的范畴体系: the system of categories of jurisprudence

法学的范畴意识: the consciousness of category of jurisprudence

法学的基石范畴: fundamental categories of jurisprudence

法学方法: method of jurisprudence

法学方法论: methodology of jurisprudence

法学院: faculty of law; law school

法学会: law society

法学教科书:law textbooks

法学理论: theory of law; legal theory

法学权威: an academic authority in law

法学体系: system of jurisprudence

法学通论: first principles of law法医: forensic medicine

法医学: forensic medicine

法院: court

法院调查: judicial investigation

法院管辖权: competence of court

法院管辖以外的: extrajudicial

法院判决: court decision

法院系统: court structure

法院组织法: judicature act

法则: articles

法哲学: philosophy of law

法制:legal institution

法制传统: tradition of law system

法制的精神: spirit of legality

法制的尊严: dignity of the legal system

法制观念: legal concept

法制观念淡薄: very weak in the understanding of law

法制教育: legal education; education of legal system

法制史: legal history; history of legal system

法治: rule of law

法治的机制: the mechanism of rule of law

法治的要素: the element of rule of law

非实质的: immaterial

非营利的: non-profit

非约束性条款: permissive provision

废止法律: annulment of law

分别管辖权: separate jurisdiction

分别财产制: separation of property regime

分别规定: separate provision

分担责任: share the responsibility

分工负责,互相配合,互相制约: divide responsibility for their own work; coordinate their efforts and check each other

分工负责制: division of labor responsibility system

分级管理: different levels holding different responsibilities

分配制度: distribution system

分析法理学: analytical jurisprudence

否决权: power veto; veto power

否认事实: denial of facts

服从法律: amenable to law; subject to the law

服从判决: accept a judgment

符合程序: be in order

符合法律: be in conformity with law

符合原则: be in conformity with the principle

概括裁定: general verdict

概括继承: general succession

干扰司法公正: interference with course of justice

刚性条款: entrenched clause

岗位责任制: post responsibility system

高度集中: highly centralize

高度民主: high level of democracy

高度自治权: high degree of autonomy

搁置: set aside; abeyance

格式条款: clause of style

公认的行为准则: established standard of conduct

规避法律: in fraud of law

规避义务: evade obligations

规范的法律规则: normative rule of law

规范法学: normative jurisprudence

规范性法律文件: normalizative document of law

规范性法律文件的规范化: normalization of normative legal document 过错方: tort-feasor; wrongdoer

过错推定原则: doctrine of presumption

过错责任: liability for wrongs; tort liability

合并条款: consolidation of provisions

合法的个人财产: legal personal property

合法地位: legal status

合法权益: the lawful rights and interests

合法行为: lawful acts; legality of purpose

合宪性: constitutionality

衡平法: equity

衡平法规则: rule of equity

衡平法学: equity jurisprudence

衡平法院: Court of Chancery (美);Court of Equity (英)

后法取代前法: A later statute takes away the effect of a prior one. 后法优于前法: lex posterior derogat priori

户籍所在地:the place where his residence is registered

互为因果: reciprocal causation

基本法: fundamental law

基本法律规范: basic norm of law

基本方针: basic policies

基本权利和义务: basic rights and duties

基本司法概念和假设: basic legal conception and assumption

技术性法规: technical legal rule

建立法律关系:create legal relations

解释法律的技术规则: technical rule of interpretation

解释权: power of interpretation

近因: immediate cause

禁治产人: imbecile; interdicted person

经常居住地:habitual residence

经法律确认的: ascertained by law

经法律许可: authorized by law

经验法学: scholastic theories of law

纠问式审判: trial by inspection or examination 具有法律约束力的文件: legally binding instrument 具有同等效力的: with equal authenticity

具有约束力的判例: binding precedent

绝对衡平法: absolute equity

君主立宪制度: constitutional monarchy

开罗会议: Cairo Conference

凯恩斯主义: keynesianism

可撤销的法律行为: revocable juristic act

可让与性: alienability

可用法律强制执行的: enforceable at law

可预见的: foreseeable

可直接适用的法律: directly applicable law

可追溯的: retrospective

客观条件: objective condition

客观因素: objective factor

客体: object

扩充解释: amplified interpretation

理论法理学派: theoretical jurisprudence school 理性决定说: theory of rational decision

理性认识: conceptual knowledge

历史法学: historical jurisprudence

历史法学派: historical school of law

历史解释: historical interpretation

立法机构:legislative body

立法权: law-making power; legislative power

立法委任权: legislation mandate

立法效力: legislative effect

立法议案 bills

立法者: law-maker; legislator

立宪: constitutionalism

利益冲突: conflict of interests

利害关系人:interested person

连带法律关系: joint legal relations

连带责任: joint and several obligation

论理解释: logical interpretation

逻辑解释: logical interpretation

马克思主义法律理论: Marxism-leninism

马克思主义法学:Marxist jurisprudence

马克思主义法学家: Marxist jurist

没有事实根据的: unsubstantial

美国国际法协会: American Institute of International Law

美国海事法庭: Admiralty Courts of the U.S.A.

美国联邦地区法院: United States district courts

美国联邦法官: federal judge

没有法律依据的: lawless

没有判决先例的案件: case of first impression

民法典: civil code

民法法系:Civil-Law System

民法通则: General Principles of the Civil Law

民法学: science of civil law

民事案件中“占有优势证据”的原则:“by a preponderance of evidence” in civil cases

民事权利能力:the capacity for civil rights

民事权益:civil rights and interests

民事诉讼法学: Civil Procedure Law

民事制裁: civil punishment; civil sanction

民政部门:the civil affairs department

明代法规: laws and regulations of Ming Dynasty

明示或默示的: express or implied

默示表达: communication by implication

内部规章: internal regulations

纳妾制: concubinage

拟制理论: fiction theory

拟制买卖: mancipatio

偶然权利: contingent right

偶然因果关系: fortuitous causal relationship

偶然因素: accidentalia

偶因: accidental cause

排他的权利: right to exclude all others

派生的权利: derived right

派生取得: derivative acquisition

判例法系: Case Law System

普通法法系: Common-Law System

判例法系: Case Law System

判例汇编: reports; reports of judgments

普通法: common law

普通法法系: Common-Law System

普通法上的补偿: common-law remedy

普通法上的过失: common-law negligence

普通法上的留置权: common-law lien

普通法学: general jurisprudence

强制办法: coercive method

强制规定: mandatory provisions

强制性法规: mandatory rule of law

强制性条款: mandatory term

侵犯财产权: property torts

侵权行为法: tort law

侵权责任: tortious liability

清理法规: check up laws and regulations

区域性法律体系: regional system of laws

取证: obtain evidence

确权之诉: affirmative petitory action; cause for ownership affirmation 确认之诉: action for confirmation; actio confessoria

权威解释: authentic interpretation

人法: human law, statute personalia

人格减等: capitis deminutio

人身不可侵犯: inviolability of the person

人身非财产关系: personal non-property relations

人身关系: personal relation

任意解释: arbitrary interpretation

柔性宪法: flexible constitution

三权分立: separation of powers

善意推定: presumption of good faith

商法: commercial law

商法典: code of commerce

社会法学:sociological jurisprudence

社会关系: social relations

社会规范: social regulation

社会连带主义法学: social solidarism jurisprudence

社会契约论: theory of social contract

社会团体:social organization

社会主义法学: socialist jurisprudence

社会主义法制: socialist legal system; socialist rule of law

神法: divine law

神权说: theory of divine right

审查制度: censorship; inspection system

审计监督: supervise through auditing

审计监督权: power to supervise through auditing

生效条款: operative clause

失效法律: expired laws

失效日: expiry date

施行细则: implementary provisions

实证主义法学派: the positivist school

实体法: material law; substantial law

实体法上的抗辩: substantial defense

实体权利: substantive right

实用主义法学: judicial pragmaticism

实在法: positive law

实在法学: positive jurisprudence

实在法学派: positivist

实在主义法学: positivist jurisprudence

实证法学: positive jurisprudence

实质条款: material stipulation

实质性的瑕疵: defect of substance

实质性解释: material interpretation

事实的推定: presumption of fact

事业单位:institution

适用法律: reference to the law; applicable law

适用范围: area of application; sphere of application

适用中国法律:be governed by the law of PRC (The law of PRC shall apply to)

溯及既往原则: doctrine of retroactivity

溯及力: retrospect; retrospective effect

损害赔偿: damages

梭伦: Solon

弹性宪法: elastic constitution

特别程序: special procedure

特别但书: special proviso

特别法: special law

特殊主体: special subject

提案:motion; overture; proposal

提出抗辩: raise a plea; raise a plead

条约法: law of treaties

同态复仇: retaliation

推定合法:presumption of legality

停止生效:cease to have effect

外国法: foreign law

外国法制史: foreign legal history

外国人待遇: foreigner treatment

完全民事权利能力:full capacity for civil conduct

完全丧失行为能力的人: person entirely incapable of legal transaction 完全无行为能力: absolute disability

万民法: jus gentium

违法构成要件: essential condition of delict

违宪: violation of constitution

无国籍人:stateless persons

无条件解释: unconditional interpretation

无效的法律: void law

无效法律行为: void act; act without legal effect

物权: property

习惯法:custom law

细则: detailed rules and regulations; details by-laws

狭义解释: narrow definition

下文另有规定者除外: except as hereinafter provided

先决条件:precedent condition; prerequisite

现实主义法学: realism jurisprudence

现行法律: current law; existing law

限制解释: restrictive interpretation

无国籍人:stateless persons

无条件解释: unconditional interpretation

无效的法律: void law

无效法律行为:void act; act without legal effect

物权: property

习惯法:custom law

细则: detailed rules and regulations; details by-laws

狭义解释: narrow definition

下文另有规定者除外: except as hereinafter provided

先决条件: precedent condition; prerequisite

现实主义法学: realism jurisprudence

现行法律: current law; existing law

限制解释: restrictive interpretation

相对主义法学: relativist jurisprudence

新分析法学: new analytical jurisprudence

新律: New Law , Novellae

行为规范: code of conduct

学说编纂:the Pandekta

形式主义法学: formalist jurisprudence

严格解释: strict interpretation

严重不法行为: aggravated misconduct; gross misbehavior

严重违法: break the law on a serious scale

要件: important condition; essential condition

一般客体: general object

一般权利能力: general legal capacity

一般主体: general subject

一事不再理的保证: guarantee against double jeorpardy

依法办案: handle cases according to law

依法独立行使职权: independent exercise of powers within the framework of the law

依照法律的规定: as prescribed by law

以法律为准绳: take law as the criterion

依法治国: genuine rule of law; running the country according to law

义务性规范: obligatory rule

义务主体: subject of duty

英美法系: Anglo-American Legal System

永恒法: eternal law

有法必依: ensure that laws are observed

有法律约束力: legally binding

有条件解释: conditional interpretation

有效期间: time of effect; term of validity

与法律规定不符: against the forms of the statute

与法律相抵触的行为:act going against the law

域外效力: extraterritorial effect

援引法律条文: invoke a legal provision约束力: binding; binding effect 在法律的范围内: within the law

暂行条例:interim regulations; provisional regulation

整体法学: integrative jurisprudence

正当权益: justified rights; legitimate interests

正式解释: official interpretation

正式渊源: formal source

政法学院: institute of political science and law

知法犯法: deliberately break the law

执法必严:ensure that law’s enforcement be strict

执法人员: law enforcement officials

执行权: enforcement power

直接故意 actual intent; direct intent

直接后果:immediate consequence

直接客体: direct object

直接主体: direct subject

制定法: statute

治外法权: extraterritoriality; extraterritorial jurisdiction

中端时效: interrupt the running of the statute of limitation

中国大陆的法律:law of China’s mainland

中国法制: Chinese legal system

中国法制史: Chinese legal history

中国特色的社会主义法制: socialist legal system with Chinese character 中华法系: Chinese legal system

《中华人民共和国香港特别行政区基本法》:the Basic law of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China

主要法律体系:principal legal system

自然法: natural law

自然法学派: natural law school

组成合议庭开庭审理:form a collegial panel to conduct the trial

最高国家权力机关: highest organ of state power

最高人民法院的解释:interpretation of supreme people’s court

遵循先例原则:The Doctrine of Stare

作为或不作为: act or omission

宪法学行政法学Constitution and Administrative Laws

制宪权:constituent power

宪法的解释: interpretation of constitution

宪法修正案: constitution amendment

宪法学: constitutional jurisprudence

成文宪法written constitution

不成文宪法unwritten constitution

符合宪法: constitutionality

符合宪法的法律 constitutional law

刚性宪法: rigid constitution

马伯里诉麦迪逊案: Marbury vs. Madison

抽象行政行为: abstract administrative act

非法活动: unlawful activities

非法利益: unlawful interests

非法手段: illegal means

非强制性行政行为: non-coercive form of administrative action

非正式的:informal; irregular

非政府机关: non-governmental organization

非主要条件: non-essential stipulation

非专业的: non-professional国家赔偿案件: case of state compensation 国家赔偿的归责原则: principle of culpability for state compensation 国家赔偿的双重过错原则: principle of dual faults for state compensation 国家赔偿法: state compensation law

国家赔偿主体: subject of state compensation

行政法: administrative law; executive law

行政法规: administrative laws and regulations

行政法学: administrative jurisprudence

行政解释: administrative interpretation

行政救济: administrative remedy

治安管理: security administration

治安条例: security regulations

高级人民检察院:Higher People’s Procu ratortate

国家权力机关: state authority

国际审判机关: state judicial organs

国家行政机关: state administrative organs

国家意志:state’s will

国家职能: function of the state

国民待遇: national treatment

公安部: Ministry of Public Security

公安分局: public security sub-bureau

公安厅: public security bureau at the levels of provinces, autonomous

regions and cities under direct jurisdiction of central government

地方各级人民代表大会:local people’s congresses at different levels 地方各级人民法院:local people’s courts at different levels

地方各级人民检察院:local people’s procur atorates at different levels 地方各级人民政府:local people’s governments at different levels

罚款: impose a fine

刑法学Criminal Laws

犯罪预防: crime prevention

预防犯罪: anti-crime

帮助当事人毁灭、伪造证据罪: crime of aiding a client to destroy or forge evidence

绑架妇女儿童罪: crime of kidnapping women and children

包庇、纵容黑社会性质组织罪: crime of harboring a mafia-style syndicate 包庇毒品犯罪分子罪: crime of harboring drug criminals

报复陷害罪:case of retaliation and frame-ups

必要共同犯罪: indispensable joint crime

并科原则: doctrine of cumulating punishments

剥夺权利:deprival of rights

不能犯: impossibility; unrealized offense

参加恐怖活动组织罪: crime of taking part in an organization engaged in terrorist activities

超越管辖权: excess of jurisdiction

超越职权范围:overstep one’s authority

惩办和宽大相结合:combine punishment with leniency

惩办少数、改造多数的原则: principle of punishing the few and reforming the many

惩罚措施: punitive measure

惩罚性制裁: punitive sanction

惩罚与教育相结合: combination of punishment and education

处以刑罚: inflict punishment

处以有期徒刑: sentence to fixed-term imprisonment

触犯法律: break the law; violate the law

抽逃出资罪: crime of flight of capital contribution

出口骗税犯罪活动: criminal activities of cheating out of tax rebates in export

出售伪造发票罪: crime of selling counterfeit currency

出于对法律的无知: from ignorance of law

出于恶意: from malevolence

从轻处罚: gie a lesser punishment

从重处罚: give a severer punishment

单位受贿罪: crime of bribe taken by a unit

单一犯罪构成: single constitution of crime

盗伐林木罪: crime of illegally chopping down trees; crime of illegally felling trees

盗窃、抢夺枪支、弹药、爆炸物罪: crime of stealing or seizing guns, ammunition or explosives

盗窃犯: theft act; larcenist

渎职犯罪案件:case of dereliction of duty

对象不能犯: object impossibility

多次作案: repeatedly commit crimes

罚不当罪: punishment does not fit the crime

犯意: criminal intent; mens real

犯罪低龄化: lowering ages of criminal offenders

犯罪动机: criminal motive

犯罪构成: constitution of a crime; constitutive elements of a crime 犯罪构成要件: special constitutive elements of crime

犯罪故意: criminal intent; guilty intent; meas rea

犯罪集团: criminal gang; criminal group

犯罪客观要件: objective circumstances of a crime

犯罪客体: criminal object; object of a crime

犯罪实行终了: completion of a criminal act

犯罪学: criminology

犯罪中止: discontinuance of crime; desistance of crime

犯罪主观方面要素: subjective elements of crime

犯罪主体: subject of crime

犯罪着手: initiate a crime

犯罪组织: criminal organization

贩卖毒品罪: drug offense; crime of drug trafficking

防卫过当: unjustifiable self-defense

防卫挑拨: instigation of defense; provocation of defense

防卫限度: limit of defense

防止类似事件重演: prevent the recurrence of similar incidents

妨碍公务罪: crime of disrupting public service

妨害公共安全罪: crime of impairing public security

放弃权利: withdraw a claim; waive a right

非法持、私藏枪支、弹药罪: crime of illegally holding or hiding a firearm or ammunition

非法持有毒品罪: crime of illegally holding drugs

非法干涉: illegal intervention

非法干预: unlawful interference

非法出售增值税专用发票罪: crime of illegal selling invoice for exclusive use of VAT

诽谤罪: crime of defamation

隔地犯: offense of segregation by location

隔时犯: offense of segregation by time

工具不能犯: impossibility of instruments

故意犯罪: calculated crime; intentional crime

故意杀人罪: crime of intentional homicide

故意伤害罪: crime of willful and malicious injury

管辖:jurisdiction

惯犯: habitual criminal

惯例: custom and usage

过失犯罪: criminal negligence; involuntary crime; negligent crime

黑社会性质的犯罪集团: gangland criminal syndicate; mafia-style criminal gang

缓期二年执行: with a two-year reprieve

缓刑: probate cessat executio

集合犯: aggregate offense; collective offense

既遂犯: accomplished crime

继续犯: continuous crime

加重处罚: give an aggravated punishment beyond the maximum prescribed 假冒他人注册商标罪: crime of counterfeiting the registered trademark of another

假释: parole

假想防卫: imaginative defense

假想数罪: imaginatively several crimes

简单共同犯罪: simple joint crime

间接故意: indirect intent; indirect iintentino

教唆未遂: attempt of solicitation

劫持船只、汽车罪: crime of hijacking a ship or an automobile

劫持航空器罪: crime of skyjacking

结果犯: consequential offen

结果加重犯: aggregated consequential offense

结合犯: combinative crime; integrated offense se

拒不执行人民法院判决、裁定罪: crime of refusing o execute judgments or orders of the People’s Court

具结悔过: make a statement of repentence

具体行政行为: specific administrative act

具体罪名:concrete accusation

绝对不确定法定刑: absolutely indeterminate statutory punishment

军人违反职责罪: crimes of soldiers violating military dutie

抗税罪: offense of resisting taxes

客体不能犯: object impossibility

空白罪状: blank facts about a crime

滥伐林木罪: crime of illegal denudation

累犯: recidivist; repeat offender; cumulative offense

连续犯罪: continuing crime

量刑: criterion for sentencing; sentencing criterion

量刑不当: criterion for sentence

量刑幅度: extent for discretionary action of sentencing

虐待罪: cri me of abusing member of one’s family

挪用公款案: case of misappropriation of public funds

偶犯: casual offender; casual offense

情节加重犯: aggravated offense by circumstances

情节特别严重: when the circumstances are particularly wicked

情节严重、构成犯罪的: when the circumstances are so serious as to constitute a crime

取保候审: post a bail and await trial with restricted liberty of moving 扰乱公共场所秩序罪: crime of disturbing order at public places

刑法: criminal law

刑罚: penalty; punishment

刑事责任能力: criminal capacity

民商法学与经济法学(Civil Laws, Commercial Laws and Economic Laws)

按照出资比例:in proportion to one’s respective contributions to the investment

办理注销登记:cancel the registration

被代理人:the principal

被侵权人 the infringed

本人名义:in one’s name

标的:subject matter

补偿制度:compensation system

不动产登记制:Lot and Block System

财产法: property law

财产的添附: accretion of property; property accession

财产抵押权: property mortgage

财产继承权:the right of inheritance

财产关系和人身关系:property relationships and personal relationships 财产管理人: property administrator; custodian of property

财产混同: confusion; hotchpot

财产留置权: encumbrance

采用书面形式:in writing

仓单: warehouse voucher

草签合同: initial a contract; sign a referendum contract; ad referendum contract

长期合同: long-term contract

偿付能力: solvency capability of reimbursement

超越代理权:beyond the scope of one’s power of agency

撤消合同:cancellation of contract

撤销合同: cancel a contract; rescind a contract; avoid a contract

撤销权: right of rescission; right of revocation

撤销要约: revocation of offer; revoke an offer

撤销遗赠: cancellation o will; revocationi of will

承运人: actual fault of the carrier

承运人的留置权:carrier’s lien

诚信原则: principle of good faith

诚实信用原则:principle honesty and credibility; principle of honestry and good faith; good faith principle ; bona fide principle

船舶承租人: charterer

船舶抵押权: right of mortgage with respect to a ship; mortage of the ship; ship mortgage

船舶抵押权的设定: establishment of mortgage of the ship

船舶抵押的消灭: extinguishments of the mortgage of the ship

船舶抵押权登记: registration of ship mortgage

船舶留置权: possessory lien; lien of ship

村民委员会:the village committee

惩罚性的损害赔偿: punitive damages

乘人之危:take advantage of one’s unfavorable position

处分财产: dispose of properties

处分权: act of disposition

处分原则: principle of disposition

代理民事活动:be represented in civil activities by

代理权终止:the expiration of one’s power of agency

单独承担的责任: undivided responsibility

单方法律行为:unilateral obligation

单方行政行为: unilateral administrative act

等价有偿:making compensation for equal value

对等原则:principle of reciprocity

对价:consideration

对抗措施:counter measure

对人权:right in personam; personal right

对世权: real right; right in rem

恶意串通:conspire maliciously

恶意行为:ill will mala fides

法人: judicial person; legal body

法人的权利能力: legal capacity of juristic person

法人的责任能力: capacity for responsibility of juristic person

法人权限: corporate power

法人人格: corporate personality

法人身份: status of a legal person

法人团体: corporation

法人资格: corporate capacity

法人组织章程:the articles of association of the legal person

负共同连带责任: liable jointly and severally

负全部责任: bear all responsibilities; in all charge

负有解释的义务: accountable

负有连带义务的每个债务人:each of the joint debtors

附带的条件: incident

附带要求: contingent claim

附带原因: contributory cause; inherent cause

附条件的民事法律行为:conditional civil juristic acts

附条件的权利: conditional right

赋予权力: entitle

个体工商户:individual businesses

个人合伙:individual partnership

各尽所能,按劳分配: from each according to his ability, to each according to his needs

给付定金:leave a deposit with the other party

工商行政管理机关:the administrative agency for industry and commerce 公民基本义务: fundamental duties of citizens

合同:contract

合同法:contract law

合同副本: copies of the contract

合同规定: contract provisions/stipulations

合同履行地法: lex loci contractus

合同期限:contract period (or contract term)

合同条款:contract terms (or contract clause)

合同有效期:contract life

合同正本: originals of the contract

合伙人:partners

合议制: collegial system

核准登记的经营范围:within the range approved and registered

恢复原状: recovery of original state; restitution; restoration of he original conditions; retitutio in integrum

集体所有制企业:an enterprise under collective ownership

技术合同纠纷案件: controversy over a technology contract

监护人:guardian

经主管机关核准登记:approved and registered by the competent authority 居民委员会:the neighborhood committee

履行监护职责:fulfill duty of guardianship

埋藏物、隐藏物:buried or concealed object

买卖、出租、抵押、转让:be sold, leased, mortgaged or transferred

农村承包经营户:leaseholding farm households

平等主体:civil subjects with equal status

企业法人被撤销:the dissolution of an enterprise as legal person

企业法人分立、合并:the division and merger of an enterprise as legal person

企业法人解散:disbanding of an enterprise as legal person

契约自由: liberty of contract

法律英语单词

一、律师部分 案件受理费 court acceptance fee 案情重大、复杂 important and complicated case 案由 cause of action 案子 case 包揽诉讼 monopolize lawsuits 被告defendant(用于民事、行政案件) 被诉人 respondent; defendant 本地律师 local counsel 毕业证 diploma; graduation certificate 辩护词 defense; pleadings 辩护律师 defense lawyer 辩护要点 point of defense 辩护意见 submission 财产租赁 property tenancy 裁定书 order; ruling; determination(指终审裁定) 裁决书 award(用于仲裁) 裁决书 verdict(用于陪审团) 采信的证据 admitted evidence; established evidence 草拟股权转让协议 drafting agreement of assignment of equityinterests 查阅法条 source legal provisions 出差 go on errand; go on a business trip

出具律师意见书 providing legal opinion 出示的证据 exhibit 出庭 appear in court 传票 summons; subpoena 答辩状 answer; reply 代理词 representation 代理房地产买卖与转让 agency for sale and transfer of real estate 代理公证、商标、专利、版权、房地产、工商登记agency for notarization,trademark, patent, copyright, and registration of real estate andincorporations 代理仲裁 agency for arbitration 代写文书 drafting of legal instruments 待决案件pending case 当事人陈述 statement of the parties 第三人 third party 吊销执业证 revocation of lawyer license 调查笔录investigative record 调查取证 investigation and gathering for evidence 调解 mediation 调解书 mediation 二审案件 case of trial of second instance 发送电子邮件 send e-mail 法律顾问legal consultants 法律意见书 legal opinions

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(完整版)商务英语词汇大全

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(完整版)英语词汇学英语词汇学习题3及答案

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商务英语词汇特点及学习策略

黑龙江农业工程职业学院毕业论文题目:商务英语词汇特点及学习策略 作者:学号: 学院(系):人文学院 专业:商务英语 指导者高慧讲师 2011年9月

摘要 商务词汇作为构成商务英语语言的最基本的独立单位,在商务中发挥着巨大的作用。大量使用专业词汇或普通词汇具有专业意义是商务英语词汇的一个重要特征,因此,词汇的学习在商务英语教学中的作用举足轻重。商务词汇的习得一直是商务英语学习过程中的重要内容,但也是一个薄弱环节。本文拟通过对商务英语词汇的特征进行概括,对词义理解进行举例分析,以帮助商务英语学习者更好掌握商务英语词汇,提高商务交际的语言应用能力。在了解商务英语词汇特征的基础上,将学习策略及其训练渗透于商务英语词汇教学过程中,让习得者能有效的使用各种词汇学习策略以便提高学习效果。 关键词:商务英语词汇;词汇特点;学习策略

目录 1.绪论 (3) 1.1商务英语词汇的重要性 (3) 1.2研究词汇学习策略的必要性 (3) 2.商务英语词汇特点分析 (3) 2.1词汇内容丰富 (4) 2.2专业术语词汇数量客观 (4) 2.3大量使用缩略词 (4) 2.4使用半专业词汇 (5) 2.5大量使用古语词 (5) 2.6创造新词 (5) 2.7商务英语词汇与普通英语词汇的关系 (6) 3.词汇学习策略与实施 (6) 3.1课堂学习策略 (6) 3.2自学词汇策略 (7) 4.结论 (10) 参考文献 (11)

1.绪论 1.1商务英语词汇的重要性 英语作为国际化语言,在商务活动中起到了非常重要的桥梁作用。商务英语词汇的掌握是学好商务英语的三大要素之一。英国著名学者McCarthy(1990)曾经说过:一个学生学习第二语言,其语法无论学得多好,语音无论掌握得多漂亮,没有词汇来表达各种意义,语言交际也难以实现。由此可见,词汇是培养学生语言交际能力不可缺少的基本语言材料。商务英语的词汇涉及面广、内容丰富,就词汇应用方面来说,商务英语词汇有许多完全不同于普通英语词汇含义的词汇和专业术语。商务英语词汇中存在一些多义词既有普通词义又具有商务词义,这类单词的词义关系和词义确定是商务英语词汇学习的一个难点。又因为商务英语不仅涉及专业知识,同时随着时代的发展和商务的创新,新词不断出现,更加增加了习得者的学习难度,所以,商务英语词汇的熟练掌握是熟练应用商务英语的关键。 1.2研究词汇学习策略的必要性 很多学生在学习商务英语课程时虽已经具有扎实的英语基础,但由于缺乏商务专业知识和专业词汇量,尤其是商务英语词汇量的匮乏,以及受传统死记硬背单词思想的影响,导致学习效果欠佳。因此,在实际学习中,学生应运用有效的策略和手段,改变传统的词汇学习方法。商务英语词汇既有普通英语的特征又有专门用途英语的特征,在词汇教学中我们既要注重普通语言理论知识的导入也要加强商务英语词汇知识的导入和研究,词汇学习策略缺失或运用不当是学习效果不佳的主要原因,应将学习策略及其训练渗透于商务英语词汇教学过程中。在理论的指导下遵循词汇之间的内部规律不断总结不断实践方法才会收到良好的效果。 2.商务英语词汇特点分析 英语词汇的特点是“涵义范围比较宽,比较丰富多彩,词义对上下文的依赖性比较大,独立性比较小”。也就是说当英语中词语孤立的时候,我们无法说出它的具体含义,因为它具有该词语在使用中可能具有的一切词义,只有依赖其所在的上下文或者该词语同其它词语的搭配或者组合关系我们才能辨别其具体意义,在普通英语中词汇如此,而商务英语(Business English)源于普通英语(English for General Purposes,即EGP),它与普通英语一样,在语言习得和语言交际中起着举足轻重的作用。但商务英语属于专门用途英语(ESP),与普通英语相比在

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An addition to capital investments or stock from profits. 资本投资的收益或股分增值。 What kink of accumulation are you getting on the ABC stock? 你有ABC公司的股份有什么资本增益? 66.affluence :富裕 The condition of substantial wealth and economic power. 拥有雄厚财富和经济实力的状况。 Luxury cars are targeted towards the affluent segment of a population. 豪华轿车是以人口中的富裕阶层为销售对象的。 67.affiliate :成员,分公司 A business that contracts to work with another business. 签订合同与另一公司合作的公司。 The ABC office supply company is one of our many affiliates. ABC办公用品公司是我们众多分公司的其中之一。 68.agenda :日程表 A list of things to be done. 要处理的事务清单 Could you please fax me a copy of tomorrow’s agenda? 能否将明天的日程表给我发个传真? 69.agribusiness :农业综合企业

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《英语词汇学教程》参考答案 (注:参考答案仅供参考。有些题目的答案并非是唯一的) Chapter 1 1. The three definitions agree that lexicology studies words. Y et, they have different focuses. Definition 1 focuses on the meaning and uses of words, while definition 2 on the overall structure and history. Definition 3 regards lexicology as a branch of linguistics and focuses on the semantic structure of the lexicon. It is interesting to note that the three definitions uses different names for the object of study. For Definition 1, it is words, for Definition 2 the vocabulary of a language, and for Definition 3 the lexicon. 2. (1) They can go into the room, and if they like, shut the door. (2) Y ou boys are required to give in your homework before 10 o‘clock. (3) I watch the football match happily and find it very interesting. 3. (1) when it follows ?-t‘ and ?-d‘, it is pronounced as [id]; (2) when it follows voiceless consonants, it is pronounced as [t]; (3) when it follows voiced consonants and vowels, it is pronounced as [d]. 4. (1)They are words that can be included in a semantic field of ―tree‖. (2)They represent the forms of the verb ―fly‖ and have a common meaning. (3)They belong to a lexical field of ?telephone communication‘.. (4)They are synonyms, related to human visual perception. Specifically, they denote various kinds of ―looking‖. 5. (a) ?blackboard: a board with a dark smooth surface, used in schools for writing with chalk (the primary stress in on black) ; ?blackbird: a particular kind of bird, which may not necessarily be black in colour (the primary stress in on black); ?greyhound: a slender, swift dog with keen sight (the primary stress in on black), ?White House: the residence of the US President in Washington (the primary stress in on black). 0 (b) black ?board: any board which is black in colour (both words receive primary stress); black ?bird: any bird which is black in colour (both words receive primary stress); grey ?hound: any hound that is grey in colour (both words receive primary stress); ?white ?house: any house that is painted white (both words receive primary stress). 6. There are 44 orthographic words, i.e. sequences of letters bounded by space. There are 24 open class words and 20 closed class words. 7. (a) The ?bull‘ is literal, referring to a male bovine animal. (b) ?Take the bull by the horn‘ is an idiom, meaning ?(having the courage to) deal with someone or something directly.

法律英语词汇大全 完美版

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estate 房地产,不动产revenue 收入(不一定是利润profit/gain) expire 期满(专利) annex 吞并,收购 mayoral election 市长选举council 政务会,理事会snack food 快餐,小吃dean 大学院长,系主任inflate 膨胀的,夸张的 dairy 奶牛场 retail 零售的 vehicle 交通工具, 车辆terrain 地形 landfill 垃圾填埋法garbage disposal 垃圾处理aluminum 铝 commitment 许诺,义务considerably 相当地municipal 市政的,地方的resort (旅游)胜地 ski resort 滑雪胜地suburban 郊外的 stock股票; 存货(the stock of sth 表示…的存货)stockholder 股东assembly n.装配 staff v.招工 inducement 动机,诱因newsletter 实时通讯abound (in)富于,大量存在(于) consumption 消费 lottery 彩票 gambling 赌博 advocate 提倡 trash collection 垃圾收集 a fleet of 一队,一群exceptional service优越的服务 undertake 采取(措施)lane 线路,车道 rock band 摇滚乐队concert 音乐会stadium 露天体育场 surge 浪潮,洪流 agency 代理,中介 dealership代理权,代理商 moped 机动脚踏两用车 pedestrian 步行者 deluxe alpaca overcoat 高档 驼绒大衣 resume 恢复,重新开始 rehearsal n.排演, 演习, 预演, 试演 facility n.设备, 工具 absenteeism n.旷课, 旷工 tardiness 迟到 downtown 市区的,闹市的 video arcade视听走廊 plush carpeting豪华地毯 discontinue 停止, 废止 Arctic deer北极鹿 volcanic eruption 火山喷发 meteorite colliding 陨石撞击 greasy多脂的, 油脂的 acne 痤疮 muscle strain 肌肉扭伤 recuperation 恢复 odor 气味 Dental Floss 牙线 hygiene routine 卫生手段 gum 牙龈 questionnaire调查问卷 commuter 乘客 precision n.精确, 精密度, clay 粘土 prize 惊叹,赏识 mold n.模子, 铸型 miniature 缩微模型 unearth 出土 hoax v.愚弄n.愚弄 Treasury 财政部 release 发行,发布 enroll in college 考上大学 subscriber 主顾,订户(= client) inventory 存货 retail n.零售 economize 节省 merge 吞并,合并 Symphony 交响乐(队) trout 鲑鱼 feed on 以…为食,捕食… tadpole 蝌蚪 recreational 娱乐的 (recreation n消遣,娱乐) recreational activities 娱乐活 动 quadruple 长到四倍 ore 矿石 chore n.家务杂事 dropout n.辍学学生 vocational training 职业培训 outright 彻底的, 完全的 ownership 所有权 leasing n租赁 surpass 超越, 胜过 orders 订单 face cream (护肤)面霜 stringent 严格的 exempt v免除;adj被免除的 be less likely to do 做某事的 可能性小 be the least likely to do 最不 可能做… trucking company 运输公司; trucking industry运输业 implement 贯彻,执行 fountain 水龙头 dander 落毛,头皮屑 trigger vt.引发,触发n.板机 irrigate 灌溉, 修水利 deforestation 砍伐森林 charcoal 木炭 一氧化碳carbon monoxide 二氧化碳carbon dioxide appreciable 轻微的,可感知 的 dietitian 营养学家 strenuous 紧张的, 热烈的,

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