全国2014年4月高等教育自学考试
英语词汇学试题
课程代码：00832
本试卷满分100分，考试时间150分钟.
考生答题注意事项：
1.本卷所有试题必须在答题卡上作答。答在试卷上无效。试卷空白处和背面均可作草稿纸。
2.第一部分为选择题。必须对应试卷上的题号使用28铅笔将“答题卡”的相应代码涂黑。
3.第二部分为非选择题。必须注明大、小题号，使用0．5毫米黑色字迹签字笔作答。
4.合理安排答题空间。超出答题区域无效。
第一部分选择题
I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and blacken the corresponding letter A,B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(30%)
1.“Woman”becomes “Frau”in German, “femme”in French and “fùnǔ”in Chinese. This example shows that in different languages the same concept can be represented by different ______．
A. sounds B．forms
C. unities D．meanings
2.The following words of the basic word stock denote the most common things and phenomena of the world around us EXCEPT ______．
A. fire B．hot
C. photoscanning D．sister
3.Aliens are borrowed words which have retained their original pronunciation and spelling. Which of the following words comes from Chinese?
A. Bazaar. B．Kowtow.
C. Rajah. D．Blitzkrieg.
4.The Indo-European language family is made up of the languages of the following EXCEPT ______．
A. Europe B．the Far East
C. India D．the Near East
5. Which of the following is NOT one of the main sources of new words in the present-day English vocabulary?
A. The rapid development of modern science and technology.
B．Social, economic and political changes.
C. The invasion of foreign countries.
D．The influence of other cultures and languages.
6. Modern English vocabulary develops through the following channels EXCEPT ______.
A. creation B．borrowing
C. semantic change D．lexical change
7. How many monomorphemic words are there in the following words?
cats boss work improper tried
A.1.
B.2.
C.3.
D.4.
8. A mong the following words, “______” does NOT have inflectional affixes.
A. liked B．children’s
C. happier D．it’s
9. Which of the following words does NOT have suffixes?
A. Northward. B．Widen.
C. Happy. D．Worker.
10. Among the following words, “______ ” contains a negative prefix.
A. amoral B．de-compose
C. antiwar D．foretell
11. From the viewpoint of word formation, the word “smog” is a ______.
A. compound B．conversion
C. clipping D．blending
12. Which of the following is partially converted?
A. A white. B．A drunk.
C. The poor. D．Finals.
13. One can figure out the meaning of “airmail” to be “mail by air” by its ______.
A. onomatopoeic motivation B．morphological motivation
C. semantic motivation D．etymological motivation
14.When a reader comes across the word “home” in his reading, the word may remind him of his “family, friends, warmth, safety, etc. ” In this sense, the word “home” conveys ______.
A. connotative meaning B．stylistic meaning
C. affective meaning D．collocative meaning
15. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Grammatical meaning refers to the part of speech, tenses of verbs and stylistic features ofwords.
B．Unlike conceptual meaning, associative meaning is unstable and indeterminate.
C. Affective meaning indicates the listener’s attitude towards the person or thing in question.
D．Collocation cannot affect the meaning of words.
16. Words that are identical only in spelling but different in sound and meaning are called ______.
A. perfect homonyms B．homographs
C. homophones D．homonyms
17. The differences between synonyms exist in the following areas EXCEPT ______.
A. denotation B．connotation
C. reference D．application
18. “Apple, pear, peach, orange, lemon, etc.” make up the ______ of “fruit”.
A. synonyms B．homonyms
C. superordinate term D．semantic field
19. ______ of meaning is a process by which a word that originally had a specialized meaning
has now become generalized.
A. Degradation B．Elevation
C. Extension D．Specilization
20. Which of the following is NOT one of the extra-linguistic factors that cause changes in meaning?
A. Cultural reason. B．Historical reason.
C. Class reason. D．Psychological reason.
21.The word “minister”originally meant“a servant”, but now has changed to“a head of a ministry”. This process of meaning change is called ______．
A. extension B．elevation
C. degradation D．specialization
22. In grammatical context, the meaning of a word may be influenced by the ______in which it occurs.
A. structure B．sentence
C. phrase D．clause
23. There is an ambiguity in the sentence “He is a hard businessman” due to ______.
A. polysemy B．homonymy
C. synonymy D．antonymy
24. Which of the following is NOT one of the context clues?
A. Definition. B．Polysemy.
C. Synonymy. D．Antonymy.
25. Which of the following is NOT one of the characteristics of idioms?
A. The part of speech of each element in an idiom is very important.
B．The constituents of idioms can’t be r eplaced.
C. The word order in an idiom can’t be changed.
D．An idiom functions as one word.
26. Idioms nominal in nature have a(n) ______ as the key word in each and function as a noun in sentences.
A. verb B．adjective
C. preposition D．noun
27.Lexical manipulation is one aspect of the rhetorical features of idioms. The following EXCEPT ______ belong to lexical manipulation.
A. alliteration B．reiteration
C. repetition D．juxtaposition
28. Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, 3rd Edition (1980), is among the best-known British ______ dictionaries.
A. unabridged B．desk
C. pocket D．bilingual
29. Generally, a dictionary covers the following contents EXCEPT ______.
A. spelling B．pronunciation
C. definition D．syntactical rules
30. Collins COBUILD English Language Dictionary (1987) has some unique features such as definition, extra column and ______.
A. pronunciation B．grammar codes
C. usage examples D．language codes
非选择题部分
注意事项：
用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上，不能答在试题卷上。
Ⅱ.Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.(15%)
31. A word is a ______ free form of a language that has a given sound and meaning and syntactic function.
32. In Old English period, the introduction of Christianity had a great impact on the English vocabulary. It brought many new ideas and customs, and also many ______ terms such as “candle, altar, amen”.
33. A ______ is the basic form of a word which cannot be further analyzed without total loss of identity.
34. “Exam” is the shortened form of “examination” by back clipping. Then “quake” is used to mean “earthquake” by ______ clipping.
35. Motivation accounts for the connection between the linguistic symbol and its ______．
36. From the ______ point of view, polysemy is viewed as the coexistence of various meanings of the same word in a certain historical period of time.
37. The process by which a word of wide meaning acquires a specialized sense is called ______ of meaning.
38. The context clue used in the sentence “Many United Nations’employe.es are polyglots. Ms. Mary, for example, speaks five languages”is ______．
39.The idiom “by twos and threes”cannot be turned into “by threes and twos”. It shows that unlike free phrases, the structure of an idiom is to a large extent ______．
40. Bilingual dictionaries are written in ______ languages.
Ⅲ．Define the following terms.(15%)
41.creation (as one of the modes of vocabulary development)
42. conversion
43.hyponomy
44. linguistic context
45. phrasal verbs
IV. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short, Write your answers on the ANSWER
SHEET . (20%)
46. Explain the logical relationships of the following terms:
free morphemes, affix, morphemes, bound root, bound morphemes
47. In which aspects do compounds differ from free phrases?
48. What is the difference between superordinates and subordinates? Explain it with the given words “flower, elephant, tiger, rose, tulip, animal”.
49. Guess the meaning of the underlined word and tell what context clue is used.
He was in a mood of complete euphoria, his happiness being the result of an announcement that he had won the sweepstakes. V. Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET . (20%)
50. Take “a laconic answer is a short answer” as an example to illustrate etymological motivation.
51. Comment on the following groups of words in terms of types of antonyms: contradictory terms, contrary terms, relative terms.
“dead—alive”, “young—old”, “employer—employee”
2017年英语专业四级真题及答案 III. 语言知识： 11. ___B_____ combination of techniques authors use, all stories---from the briefest anecdotes to the longest novels ----have a plot. A. Regarding B. Whatever. C. In so far as D. No matter 12. She followed the receptionist down a luxurious corridor to a closed door, ____B______ the women gave a quick knock before opening it.. A. wherein B. on which C. but when D. then 13. Ms Ennab is one of the first Palestinian ______C____ with seven years’ racing experience. A. woman drivers B. women driver C. women drivers D. woman driver 14. “I wondered if I could have a word with you.”The past tense in the sentence refers to a __B___. A. past event for exact time reference B. present event for tentativeness C. present event for uncertainty D. past event for politeness 15. “If I were you, I wouldn’t wait to propose to her.” The subjunctive mood in the sentence is used to ____D______. A. alleviate hostility B. express unfavorable feelings C. indicate uncertainty D. make a suggestion 16. “It’s a shame that the city official should have gone back on his word.” The modal auxiliary SHOULD express __B_____. A obligation B disappointment C future in the past D. tentativeness 17. Timothy Ray Brown, the first man cured of HIV, initially opted against the stem cell transplantation that _____D______ history. A. could have later made B. should have made later C. might make later D. would later make 18. Some Martian rock structures look strikingly like structures on Earth that are known ___C___by microbes. A. having been created B. being created C. to have been created D. to be created 19. At that moment, with the crowd watching me, I was not afraid in the ordinary sense, as ______ if I ____A_______alone. A. would have been …had been B. should be … had been C. could be … were D. might have been… were 20. You must fire __C____ incompetent assistant of yours A. the B. an C. that D. whichever 21. Some narratives seem more like plays, heavy with dialogue by which writers allow their
2014年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试管理类专业硕士学位 联考英语试卷 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) Thinner isn’t always better. A number of studies have _1_ that normal-weight people are in fact at higher risk of some diseases compared to those who are overweight. And there are health conditions for which being overweight is actually _2_. For example, heavier women are less likely to develop calcium deficiency than thin women. _3_, among the elderly, being somewhat overweight is often an _4_ of good health. Of even greater _5_ is the fact that obesity turns out to be very difficult to define. It is often _6_body mass index, or BIMI _7_ body mass divided by the square of height. An adult with a BIMI of 18 to 25 is often considered to be normal weight. Between 25 to 30 is overweight. And over 30 is considered obese. Obesity, _8_ can be divided into moderately obese, severely obese, and very severely obese.
2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国大纲卷） 语文试题 第Ⅰ卷 一、（12分，每小题3分） 1．下列词语中加点的字，读音全都正确的一组是（B） A．龃龉．（yǔ) 系．鞋带(xi) 舐．犊情深（shi) 曲．意逢迎（qū) B．倜傥．(tǎng) 纤．维素（xiān) 羽扇纶．巾(guān ) 针砭．时弊(biān) C．感喟．(kuì) 揭疮．疤（chuāng) 按捺．不住（nài) 大相径．庭（jing) D．霰．弹(xiàn ) 涮．羊肉（shuàn) 以儆．效尤（jǐng) 纵横捭．阖必（bì) 2．下列各句中，加点的成语使用恰当的一项是（A） A．在评价某些历史人物时，我们不能只是简单地对他们盖棺论定 ．．．．，，还应该特别注意研究他们的人生经历和思想变化轨迹。 B．这把吉他是我最要好的朋友出国前存在我这里的，本来说存一年，结果朋友一直没 回来，这吉他到现在巳经由我敝帚自珍 ．．．．了十年。 C．最美的是小镇的春天，草长莺飞，风声鹤唳 ．．．．，走进小镇就如同置身于世外桃源，来此旅游的人一定会被这里的美丽景色深深吸引。 D．这个剧院的大型话剧、歌剧等演出票价不菲，让许多有艺术爱好而又收入不高的普 通人叹为观止 ．．．．，无法亲临现场享受艺术大餐。 3．下列各句中，没有语病的一句是答：D A．有的人看够了城市的繁华，喜欢到一些人迹罕至的地方去游玩，但这是有风险的，近年来已经发生了多次背包客被困野山的案情。 B．他家离铁路不远，小时候常常去看火车玩儿，火车每当鸣着汽笛从他身边飞驰而过时，他就很兴奋，觉得自己也被赋予了一种力量。 C．新“旅游法”的颁布实施，让很多旅行社必须面对新规定带来的各种新问题，不少旅行社正从过去拼价格向未来拼服务转型的阵痛。 D．哈大高铁施行新的运行计划后，哈尔滨至北京、上海等地的部分列车也将进一步压缩运行时间，为广大旅客快捷出行提供更多选择。 4．依次填人下面一段文字横线处的语句，衔接最恰当的一组是答：C 信息时代给人们带来了一种新的极其便捷的阅读方式，那就是网络阅读。网络阅读远远超越了传统的阅读概念，，，，，，。因此，阅读的趣味性大大提高，吸引力更强，影响力更大。 ①能够对文字、图片、影像、声音等信息形态进行有机的合成 ②能够更好地满足人们沟通交流的需求
绝密★启用前试卷类型：A 2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(广东卷) 英语 本试卷共12页,三大题,满分135分.考试用时120分钟 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必用黑色笔迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、考场号、座位号 填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔讲试卷类型（A）填涂在答题卡相应的位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。 2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。 3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将试题与答题卡一并交回。 I 语言知识及应用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节完形填空(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1—15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Parents feel that it is difficult to live with teenagers. Then again, teenagers have 1 feelings about their parents, saying that it is not easy living with them. According to a recent research, the most common 2 between parents and teenagers is that regarding untidiness and daily routine tasks. On the one hand, parents go mad over 3 rooms, clothes thrown on the floor and their children’s refusal to help with the 4 . On the other hand, teenagers lose their patience continually when parents blame them for 5 the towel in the bathroom, not cleaning up their room or refusing to do the shopping at the supermarket. The research, conducted by St. George University, shows that different parents have different 6 to these problems. However, some approaches are more 7 than others. For example, those parents who yell at their children for their untidiness, but 8 clean the room for them, have fewer chances of changing their children’s 9 . On the contrary, those who let teenagers experience the 10 of their actions can do better. For example, when teenagers who don’t help their parents with the shopping d on’t find their favorite drink in the refrigerator, they are forced to 11 their actions. Psychologists say that 12 is the most important thing in parent-child relationships. Parents should 13 to their children but at the same time they should lend an ear to what they have to say. Parents may 14 their children when they
2014年专四真题 CLOZE The Victorians had become addicted to speed and they wanted to go ever faster. Time was money and efficiency became (31)____ important. Although divisions of labour had been (32)____ by Adam Smith and illustrated by a pin factory in The Wealth of Nations in 1776, (33)____ could now become fully realised. This specialization of labour was in (34)____ contrast to the rural means of production, in (35)____ the family was the means of production, consumption and socialization. (36)____ greater speed came a greater need for industries and businesses to make more and make it quicker. Steam made this (37)____ and changed working life forever (38)____ were the days when work was (39)____ by natural forces: steam engines were servant (40)____ neither season nor sunshine. Factories had foremen and life became correspondingly more (41)____. The clocking-on machine was (42)____ in 1885 and time and motion studies to increase efficiency would be introduced only (43)____ twenty years later. (44)____ it was not all bad news. Agricultural incomes depended on variable harvests and weather. Factories provided (45)____ and predictable income, but long hours. Working life was becoming increasingly regulated, and the working (46)____ was reorganised to promote ever-greater efficiency. The old (47)____ St. Monday - when no work was done - was (48)____, work stopped around midday on Saturday and did not resume (49)____ Monday morning. A new division between “work” and “leisure” emerged, and this new block of weekend leisure time coincided with the development of spectator sports like cricket and football, and the (50)____ of music hall entertainment for the new working classes. 31. A. increasingly B. surprisingly C. slowly D. obviously 32. A. contributed B. informed C. spread D. conceived 33. A. he B. it C. these D. those 34. A. clear B. marked C. apparent D. firm 35. A. that B. what C. where D. which 36. A. Upon B. Over C. With D. For 37. A. possible B. practical C. worthwhile D. useful 38. A. Passed B. Lost C. Gone D. Missed 39. A. defined B. controlled C. limited D. dictated 40. A. over B. on C. by D. to 41. A. standard B. controlled C. difficult D. dreadful 42. A. designed B. created C. invented D. bought 43. A. some B. certain C. these D. those 44. A. For B. But C. Consequently D. Accordingly 45. A. safe B. good C. continuous D. secure 46. A. week B. period C. pattern D. practice 47. A. culture B. behavior C. custom D. habit 48. A. repair B. compensate C. mend D. moderate 49. A. before B. until C. on D. after 50. A. raise B. increase C. trend D. present PART IV GRAMMARVOCABULARY [15 MIN] 51. It is essential that he ________ all the facts first. A. is examining B. will examine C. examines D. examine 52. Which of the following sentences expresses a future action? A. Lucy is continually finding fault with her sister. B. We are meeting the visitors after the performance. C. The coach is now crossing the Garden Bridge. D. I’m hoping that you’ll give us some advice. 53. Which of the following italicized parts is used as an object
2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新课标I) 英语 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分60分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A The Cambridge Science Festival Curiosity Challenge Dare to Take the Curiosity Challenge! The Cambridge Science Festival (CSF) is pleased to inform you of the sixth annual Curiosity Challenge. The challenge invites, even dares school students between the ages of 5 and 14 to create artwork or a piece of writing that shows their curiosity and how it inspires them to explore their world. Students are being dared to draw a picture, write an article, take a photo or write a poem that shows what they are curious about. To enter the challenge, all artwork or pieces of writing should be sent to the Cambridge Science Festival, MIT Museum, 265 Mass Avenue. Cambridge 02139 by Friday, February 8th. Students who enter the Curiosity Challenge and are selected as winners will be honored at a special ceremony during the CSF on Sunday, April 21st. Guest speaker will also present prizes to the students. Winning entries will be published in a book. Student entries will be exhibit and prizes will be given. Families of those who take part will be included in the celebration and brunch will be served. Between March 10th and March 15th, each winner will be given the specifics of the closing ceremony and the Curiosity Challenge celebration. The program guidelines and other related information are available at: https://www.doczj.com/doc/231115449.html,. 21 Who can take in the Curiosity Challenge? A. School students. B. Cambridge locals. C. CSF winners. D. MIT artists. 22 When will the prize-giving ceremony be held? A. On February 8th. B. On March 10th C. On March 15th.. D. On April 21st. 23 What type of writing is this text? A. An exhibition guide. B. An art show review. C. An announcement. D. An official report.
2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试语文全国二卷 第I卷阅读题 甲必考题 一、现代文阅读（9分，每小题3分） 阅读下面的文字，完成1-3题。 周代，尽管关于食品安全事件的记载不多，但我们还是看到，由于食品安全关系重大，统治者对此非常重视并作出了特别规定。周代的食品交易是以直接收获采摘的初级农产品为主，所以对农产品的成熟度十分关注．据《礼记》记栽，周代对食品交易的规定有：?五谷不时，果实未熟，不鬻于市。?这是我国历史上最早的关于食品安全管理的记录． 汉唐时期，食品交易活动非常频繁，交易品种十分丰富。为杜绝有毒有害食品流入市场，国家在法律上作出了相应的规定。汉朝《二年律令》规定：?诸食脯肉，脯肉毒杀、伤、病人者，亟尽孰燔其余……当燔弗燔，及吏主者，皆坐脯肉赃，与盗同法。?即肉类因腐坏等因素可能导致中毒者，应尽快焚毁，否则将处罚当事人及相关官员。唐朝《唐律》规定：?脯肉有毒，曾经病人，有余者速焚之，违者杖九十。若故与人食并出卖，令人病者，徒一年；以故致死者，绞。即人自食致死者，从过失杀人法。?从《唐律》中可以看到，在唐代，知脯肉有毒不速焚而构成的刑事犯罪分为两种情况，处罚各不相同：一是得知脯肉有毒时，食品的所有者应当立刻焚毁所剩有毒食品，以绝后患，否则杖九十；二是明知脯肉有毒而不立刻焚毁，致人中毒，则视情节及后果以科罚。 宋代，饮食市场空前繁荣。孟元老在《东京梦华录》中，追述了北宋都城开封府的城市风貌，并且以大量笔墨写到饮食业的昌盛，书中共提到一百多家店铺以及相关行会。商品市场的繁荣，不可避免地带来一些问题，一些商贩?以物市于人，敝恶之物，饰为新奇；假伪之物，饰为真实。如绢帛之用胶糊，米麦之增温润，肉食之灌以水，药材之易以他物?（《袁氏世范》）。有的不法分子甚至采用鸡塞沙，鹅羊吹气、卖盐杂以灰之类伎俩谋取利润。为了加强对食品掺假，以次充好现象的监督和管理，宋代规定从业者必须加入行会，而行会必须对商品质量负责。?市肆谓之行者，因官府料索而得此名，不以其物小大，但合充用者，皆臵为行，虽医卜亦有职。?（《都城纪胜》商人们依经营类型组成行会、商铺，手工业和其他服务性行业的相关人员必须加入行会组织，并按行业登记在籍，否则就不能从业经营。各个行会对生产经营的商品质量进行把关，行会的首领作为拉保人，负责评定物价和监察不法行为。除了由行会把关外，宋代法律也继承了《唐律》的规定，对有毒有害食品的销售者予以严惩。 上述朝代对食品流通的安全管理及有关法律举措，可以给我们很多启示，也可以为现今我国食品质量和安全监管模式的合理构建提供新的思路和路径选择。 (摘编自张炸达《古代食品安全监管述略》> 1．下列关于原文第一、二两段内容的表述，不正确的一项是 A周代统治者严禁未成熟的果实和谷物进入流通市场，以防止此类初级农产品引起食品安全方面的问题。 B《二年律令》与《唐律》都规定，凡出现因脯肉有毒而致人生病的情况，食品所有者应当立刻焚毁剩
TEXT A After breakfast the boys wandered out into the play-ground. Here the day-boys were gradually assembling. They were sons of the local clergy, of the officers at the Depot, and of such manufacturers or men of business as the old town possessed. Presently a bell rang, and they all trooped into school. This consisted of a large, long room at opposite ends of which two under-masters conducted the second and third forms, and of a smaller one, leading out of it, used by Mr. Watson, who taught the first form. To attach the preparatory to the senior school these three classes were known officially, on speech days and in reports, as upper, middle, and lower second. Philip was put in the last. The master, a red-faced man with a pleasant voice, was called Rice; he had a jolly manner with boys, and the time passed quickly. Philip was surprised when it was a quarter to eleven and they were let out for ten minutes' rest. The whole school rushed noisily into the play-ground. The new boys were told to go into the middle, while the others stationed themselves along opposite walls. They began to play Pig in the Middle. The old boys ran from wall to wall while the new boys tried to catch them: when one was seized and the mystic words said - one, two, three, and a pig for me - he became a prisoner and, turning sides, helped to catch those who were still free. Philip saw a boy running past and tried to catch him, but his limp gave him no chance; and the runners, taking their opportunity, made straight for the ground he covered. Then one of them had the brilliant idea of imitating Philip's clumsy run. Other boys saw it and began to laugh; then they all copied the first; and they ran round Philip, limping grotesquely, screaming in their treble voices with shrill laughter. They lost their heads with the delight of their new amusement, and choked with helpless merriment. One of them tripped Philip up and he fell, heavily as he always fell, and cut his knee. They laughed all the louder when he got up. A boy pushed him from behind, and he would have fallen again if another had not caught him. The game was forgotten in the entertainment of Philip's deformity. One of them invented an odd, rolling limp that struck the rest as supremely ridiculous, and several of the boys lay down on the ground and rolled about in laughter: Philip
2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试语文试卷 字形题汇编 （浙江卷）2．下列各句中，没有错别字的一项是 A．这个节目融合了京剧、粤剧、秦腔等中国戏曲的精萃，舞者多变的动作和戏剧化的表情，淋漓尽致地表达了喜怒哀乐的情绪。 B．城郊的这座园林，亭台楼阁错落有致，溪流小径曲折萦纡，到了春天，杂花生树，草长莺飞，真是一处世外桃源。 C．在全球一体化进程中，有些备受国人青睐的外国名品，其实是用中国的原料，在中国的流水线上生产出来的，已不是地道的泊来品。 D．该公司在把握市场脉搏的基础上，另辟蹊径，依靠独树一帜的管理理念以及出奇不意的营销策略赢得了商机，获得了发展。 1.答案：B 解析：A项，“精萃”应为“精粹”；C项，“泊来品”应为“舶来品”；D项，“出奇不意”应为“出其不意”。 （安徽卷）16．下列词语中，没有错别字的一组是（3分） A．切磋编纂归谬法满腹经纶循循善诱 B．水榭巍峨紫禁城金碧辉煌美轮美奂 C．暮霭霓虹雷震雨春风骀荡静水流深 D．关隘戍守烽火台克敌致胜捷报频传 【解析】B（A切磋；C雷阵雨；D克敌制胜） （江西卷）2、下列词语中，没有 ．．错别字的一组是 A、弭乱国粹泊来品入不敷出 B、伺候斐声煞风景得鱼忘筌 C、日晷陨落挖墙脚纵横捭阖 D、萦回撺掇黑黢黢入目三分 【答案】C。 【解析】【A、泊（舶）来品——“舶”读bó，意思是“航海大船”，“舶来品”原指通过航船从国外进口来的物品。旧时外国商品主要由水路用船舶载运而来，故名。引申为国外的东西，即从外国传入本国的意识、物品、语言等等。可以是一种文化，也可以是本国没有，从外国引进来的东西或技术。比如“沙发”、“浪漫”、“巧克力”······词语。B、斐（蜚fēi））声——闻名于。C、入目（木）三分——相传王羲之在木板上写字，木工刻时，发现字迹透入木板三分深。形容书法极有笔力。现多比喻分析问题很深刻。】 （湖北卷）2．下列各组词语中，没有错别字的一组是 A．俸禄切磋投桃报李一笑泯恩仇 B．发轫枢纽并行不悖久旱逢甘霖 C．花哨原委如雷贯耳时事造英雄 D．调剂伸张促不及防真人不露相 1. B 【命题立意】本题考查识记并正确书写现代常用规范汉字能力。能力层级为识记（A），难度较低。 【解题思路】A项中应为“切磋”，从石字旁，多与磨刀石或磨刀动作有关。足旁与走路有关，故“蹉跎”
2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（大纲卷） 理科综合 一、选择题：本题共13个小题，每小题6分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。 1.下列有关细胞核的叙述，错误 ．．的是 A.蛋白质是细胞核中染色质的组成成分 B.细胞核中可进行遗传物质的复制和转录 C.小分子物质可以通过核孔，大分子物质不能 D.有丝分裂过程中存在核膜消失和重新形成的现象 2.ATP是细胞中重要的高能磷酸化合物。下列有关ATP的叙述，错误 ．．的是 A.线粒体合成的ATP可在细胞核中发挥作用 B.机体在运动时消耗ATP，睡眠时则不消耗A TP C.在有氧与缺氧的条件下细胞质基质中都能形成A TP D.植物根细胞吸收矿质元素离子所需的A TP来源于呼吸作用 3.下列关于人体淋巴细胞的叙述，错误的是 A.在胸腺中发育成熟的T淋巴细胞可参与细胞免疫 B.效应T淋巴细胞可攻击被病原体感染的宿主细胞 C.T淋巴细胞和B淋巴细胞都是由造血干细胞发育成的 D.T细胞释放的淋巴因子不能使受到抗原刺激的B细胞增殖 4.某同学在①、②、③三种条件下培养大肠杆菌，这三种条件是： ①以葡萄糖为碳源的培养基，不断补充培养基，及时去除代谢产物 ②以葡萄糖为碳源的培养基，不补充培养基，不去除代谢产物 ③以葡萄糖和乳糖为碳源的培养基，不补充培养基，不去除代谢产物 根据培养结果绘制的一段时间内菌体数的对数随时间变化的趋势图如下： 假设三种培养基中初始总糖量相等，则①、②、③三种条件依次对应的趋势图是 A.甲、乙、丙 B.乙、丙、甲 C.丙、甲、乙 D.丙、乙、甲 5.为了验证单侧光照射会导致燕麦胚芽鞘中生长素分布不均匀这一结论，需要先利用琼
2014年专四真题听力及原文(附mp3) 2014年专四真题听力及原文(附mp3) Part I DICTATION (15MIN) Listen to the following passage.Altogether the passage will beread to you four times.Duri ng the first reading,which will bedone at normal speed,listen and try to understand them eaning.For the second and third readings,the passage will beread sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase,with intervals of15 seconds.The last reading will be done at normal s peed againand during this time you should check your work.You will then be given 2 min utes to checkthrough your work once more.Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.Now,listen to the passage. PART Ⅱ LISTENING COMPREHE (20 MIN) In sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then an swer thequestions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your answer sheet. SECTION A CONVERSATIONS In this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully a nd thenanswer the questions that follow. Questions l to 3 are based on the following conversation．At the end of the conversation , you willbe given 15 seconds to answer the questions．Now, listen to the conversation. 1. What are they mainly talking about in the conversation? A. Transport. B. Customers. C. Relocation. D. Restaurants. 2. Which of the following is mentioned by Tim as a good reason for moving? A. More office space. B. Convenient parking. C. Fewer office workers. D. A near-by train station. 3. Why is Jane worried about winter in the new location? A. It is much colder there. B. There are few activities. C. There are no good restaurants. D. There is no cinema or theatre. Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation．At the end of the conversation，youwill be given 20 seconds to answer the questions．Now, listen to the conversation． 4. Miss Parkinson became interested in her own business _______. A. before she worked for the media company B. when she was on holiday five years ago