高级英语lesson5

高级英语第二册l e s s o n5课外补充练习lesson 5 课外补充练习I. Words explanation:1. fallacyA. religious beliefB. false beliefC. bankruptcyD. dropping2. incredulousA. unbelievingB. increasingC. industriousD. unimproved3.scalpelA. a carpetB. a piece of breadC. a small, light knifeD. a rising market4.perspicaciousA. determinateB. flagitiousC. prestigiousD. discerning5.traumaA. emotional shockB. mental workC. the state of not having enoughD. a reinforced structure for observers6.shedA. take shelterB. prevert fromC. lose hairD. keep company with7.pedanticA. of a person who likes musicB. of a person who pays attention to unimportantnewsC. of a person who stresses on sportsD. of a person who emphasizes trivial points oflearning8.desistA. insist onB. ceaseC. heckleD. castrate9.proportionsA. propertyB. portionsC. massagesD. dimensions10.waifA. homeless childB. wandering musicianC. countrymanD. smuggler11.perspirationA. convincingB. encouragingC. pledgingD. sweating12. blubberA. speak quicklyB. talk repeatedlyC. say with sobsD. say with hiccups13. modulateA. make achange in the toneB. cause to do or believe sthC. make or become softD. change the place or position14.infamyA. being famous forB. being shamefulC. being honestD. being refused15.contriteA. sadB. honestC. penitentD. overjoyed16.waxA. grow bigger or greaterB. become less or smallerC. drop heavilyD. cover with thick coating17.acmeA. large group of plantsB. highest pointC. sharp crisisD. highest mountain peak18.veerA. move forwardB. look sidewaysC. change directionsD. pour out19.exultantA. triumphantB. foreignC. exhaustedD. overflowing20.unsightlyA. invisibleB. uglyC. precipitateD. provisional21.testyA. examiningB. provingC. impatientD. judging22.fractureA. breakB. combineC. disagreeD. repeat23.tugA. pullB. pushC. placeD. fix24.covetA. surroundB. coverC. avoidD. desire25.grullingA. complainingB. moaningC. tiringD. unwilling26.minceA. decreaseB. minimizeC. increaseD. euphemize27.clapA. strikeB. walkC. fall downD. climb up28.winceA. push forwardB. draw backC. incise upD. draw out29.qualifyA. equalB. proposeC. restrictD. count30.chinkA. a precise pieceB. a small pieceC. a big valleyD. a narrow opening31.shambleA. walk in an awkward wayB. tremble terriblyC. close in mild wayD. shine brightly32.contriteA. permitting easilyB. seeing clearlyC. feeling regretD. looking worried33.chirpA. a long loud soundB. a short low-pitched soundC. a low murmuring soundD. a short,high-pitched sound34.contradictA. take outB. be contrary toC. withdrawD. be relevant to35.immovableA. permanentB. quickC. immediateD. cold36.penetrateA. spreadB. pierceC. take partD. formulate37.specificationA. a blank or empty areaB. a detailed, exact statement of particularsC. a partial excuseD. the evolutionary formation of new biologicalspecies38.scrapA. special placeB. particular areaC. small pieceD. unseen item39.tremendousA. uniqueB. genuineC. unexpectedD. enormous40.clutchA. grasp tightlyB. hang looselyC. touch softlyD. hold lightlyII. Complete the word according to the definition, the first letter of which is given:2.juice which comes from meat while it is cooking3.to determine the nature of (esp. a disease) from4.flat part of either side of the head between the5..medicine causing the bowels to empty themselves6.appointment between lovers to meet at a secret10.deformed and mentally undeveloped person12.small piece of burning wood or coal in a dying15.art of placing or moving fighting forces for or16.one, such as a person or an object, that is bulky,18.a bowl-shaped depression at the mouth of a20.showing initiative and willingness to undertake22.to set free or keep free from restrictions or bonds23.a business enterprise involving some risk incking strength or firmness; weak or spiritless26.suitable for a particular person, condition,27.a specifically defined division in a system of29.keenly perceptive or discerning; penetrating:30.having or showing shrewdness and discernment,31.something taken to be true for the purpose of32.to engage in a formal discussion or argument33.a massive variety of the mineral uraninite34.anger aroused by something unjust, mean, or36.a surface layer of earth containing a dense37.to make known (something concealed or secret)38.having the flavor or odor of game, especially39.to thrust or throw forcefully into a substance or40.the skin of an animal with the fur or hair still on43.gilled with a specified element or elements44.a quality, an ability, or an accomplishment that makes a person suitable for a particular position or taskIII. Point out some American colloquial expression from the text:a month of Sundays dumba casual kick fire awaya deal will-heeledlaughs pin-upkeen kid nothing upstairsgo steady get todate terrificmad NutsYummy guydreamy knock me outdarn knot-head jitterbugIV. Comment on the rhetorical devices of the following statements:1.There is a limit for what flesh and blood can2.The first man has poisoned the well before anybody could drink from it. He has .hamstrung his4.it is not often that one so young has such a giant5.I was not Pygmalion; I was Frankenstein, and my6.“Holy Toledo!” he repeat ed fifteen or twenty7.Logic, far from being a dry, pedantic discipline, isa living, breathing thing, full of beauty, passion, and8.Maybe somewhere in the extinct crater of her mind, a few embers still smoldered. .Maybe somehow I9.but I was not one to let my heart rule my head.10.My brain, that precision instrument, slipped intoV. Translation:1. 一旦三峡工程竣工，其本身便成为世界上的一大创举，大坝坐落在长江上游“载断巫山云雨”坐落在大坝上的巨大船闸能让万吨船舶顺利而过，如同宫殿一样使人眼花缭乱的水利发电站通过广延的高压电网输送强大的电流。

Lesson five history and historian1．fat: thick or wideￚopposite thinDobbs was smoking a fat cigar.a big fat book2. immerse: to put someone or something deep into a liquid so that theyare completely coveredimmerse somebody/something in somethingImmerse your foot in ice cold water to reduce the swelling.immerse yourself in somethingto become completely involved in an activityHe left school at 16 and immersed himself in the Labour party. 3. complicate: to make a problem or situation more difficultThe situation is complicated by the fact that I've got to work late on Friday. To complicate matters further , differences exist as regards legal systems, trade customs and language.4. contend: to argue or state that something is true5. way out: a way to escape a difficult or bad situationHe was in a dilemma, and could see no way out.6. baffle: if something baffles you, you cannot understand or explain itat allThe question baffled me completely.7. cut and dried: a situation, decision, result etc that is cut and driedcannot now be changedI don't think the plan is as cut and dried as people think.8. diametrically opposed/opposite: completely different and oppositeThe two ideas are diametrically opposed.9. perspective: a way of thinking about something, especially one whichis influenced by the type of person you are or by your experiences ￚsee also viewpointfrom a feminist/Christian/global etc perspective We have to look at everything from an international perspective.a much-needed historical perspective10. denote: to mean somethingￚsee also connote What does the word 'curriculum' denote that 'course' does not?11. restricted: small or limited in size, area, or amountIt's difficult trying to work in such a restricted space.12. artifact: an object such as a tool, weapon etc that was made in thepast and is historically importantancient Egyptian artefacts13. remains: the parts of something that are left after the rest has beendestroyed or has disappearedremains ofOn the table were the remains of the evening meal.extensive Roman remains (=of ancient buildings) at Arles14. approximate: to calculate or estimate sth fairly accurately:a formula for approximating the weight of a horse15. deem: to think of something in a particular way or as having aparticular quality16. piece: to use all the information you have about a situation in orderto discover the truth about itPolice are trying to piece together his movements before the murder. Her early life has been pieced together from several different sources.17. the high seasthe areas of ocean around the world that do not belong to any particular country18. admittedly: used when you are admitting that something is trueThe technique is painful, admittedly, but it benefits the patient greatly. This has led to financial losses, though admittedly on a fairly small scale.19. nonetheless: in spite of the fact that has just been mentionedￚsynonym neverthelessThe region was extremely beautiful. Nonetheless Gerard could not imagine spending the rest of his life there.The paintings are complex, but have plenty of appeal nonetheless.20. contemplate: to think about something that you might do in thefutureￚsynonym considerHe had even contemplated suicide.21. belligerent: very unfriendly and wanting to argue or fightￚsynonym aggressivea belligerent attitude22. haberdasher: old-fashioned a shopkeeper who sells haberdasheryhaberdasheries: [countable] British English a shop or part of a large store where things used for making clothes are sold23. dictate: [transitive]to control or influence somethingￚsynonym determine24. conceive: to imagine a particular situation or to think aboutsomething in a particular way25. outlandish: strange and unusualoutlandish clothes Her story seemed so outlandish.26. resolve: to find a satisfactory way of dealing with a problem ordifficultyￚsynonym solveￚsee also settleresolve a dispute/conflict/problem etc The crisis was resolved by negotiations. Barnet was desperate for money to resolve hisfinancial problems.27. at work1 having an effect on sth:She suspected that secret influences were at work.2 ~ (on sth) busy doing sth:He is still at work on the painting. * Danger--men at work.28. in the event of something/also in the event that something happensused to tell people what they should do if something happensHe left a letter for me to read in the event of his death.29. intercept: to stop something or someone that is going from oneplace to another before they get therean attempt to intercept drugs being smuggled over the border Harker's phone calls had been intercepted.ￚinterception / -ˈsepʆ n / noun [uncountable and countable] 30. alliance: an arrangement in which two or more countries, groupsetc agree to work together to try to change or achieve something alliance withBritain's military alliance with her NATO partnersalliance betweenthe possibility of a political alliance between the two partiesmake/enter into/form/forge an alliance (=agree to work together) The companies have formed an alliance to market the product. 31. stem: to stop something from happening, spreading, or developingstem the tide/flow/flood of something The measures are meant to stem the tide of illegal immigration. stem the growth/rise/decline etc an attempt to stem the decline in profits stem from something phrasal verbto develop as a result of something elseHis headaches stemmed from vision problems32. disproportionate: too much or too little in relation to something elsethe disproportionate amount of money being spent on defence 33. lobby: to try to persuade the government or someone with politicalpower that a law or situation should be changedlobby for/againstThe group is lobbying for a reduction in defence spending.lobby somebody to do somethingWe've been lobbying our state representative to support the new health plan.34. mount: to increase gradually in amount or degreeTension here is mounting , as we await the final result. Casualties on both sides of the battle have continued to mount.35. feed: to increase the strength of an emotion, desire etcHer depression grew, fed by her bitter experiences.。