教师版 主谓一致(适合初级学生)
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初 中 英 语 主 谓 一 致主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致主谓一致必须遵循三原则:语法上一致,意义上一致,就近一致原则.1.单数名词(代词)或不可数名词作主语时,谓语用单数。
复数名词(代词)作主语,谓语用复数。
The desk is Tom’s. Some water is in the bottle. The students are playing football on the playground. 2. 表示时间、价格、重量、长度、数学运算等的词或短语作主语时,谓语用单数形式。
One and a half hours is enough. Twenty dollars is enough. Two monthshas passed. Tweney pounds isn’t so heavy.3. 动词不定式,动名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
例如:To see is to believe.眼见为实。
Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes.4. 主语为one of , each of等加复数名词或代词,谓语用单数。
如:One of my favorite sports is basketball. Eachof them has an English dictionary. 5.不定代词作主语,谓语动词用单数,例如:Is everyone here today? Something is wrong with him. Nobody was in.6. each, either, neither, another, the other 作主语,谓语动词用单数。
Neither answer is correct两个答案都不正确。
7. 有些以—s 结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义,谓语通常用单数形式,如news, maths, physics等。
主谓一致是英语语法中的一个重要概念,它涉及到句子中的主语和谓语动词在数上的一致性。
在英语中,主语和谓语动词的数必须保持一致,否则就会产生语法错误。
本文将对主谓一致的规则进行详细的总结和解释。
一、主语的分类主语可以分为三类:名词、代词和句子。
根据主语的不同,谓语动词的数也会有所不同。
1.1 名词作主语当名词作主语时,谓语动词的数要根据名词的数来决定。
•单数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
例如:–The book is on the table.(书在桌子上。
)•复数名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
例如:–Boys and girls are in the classroom.(男孩和女孩们在教室里。
)1.2 代词作主语代词作主语时,谓语动词的数也要根据代词的数来决定。
•单数代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
例如:–He is a teacher.(他是一名教师。
)•复数代词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
例如:–They are students.(他们是学生。
)1.3 句子作主语当整个句子作主语时,谓语动词的数要根据句子的需要来决定。
•使用“there be”结构的句子作主语时,谓语动词的数要与句中的名词一致。
例如:–There is a book on the table.(桌子上有一本书。
)•使用“it”作主语的句子,谓语动词要用单数形式。
例如:–It is raining.(正在下雨。
)二、谓语动词的数谓语动词的数要与主语的数保持一致。
根据主语的不同,谓语动词的数可以是单数或复数。
2.1 单数谓语动词当主语是单数时,谓语动词也要用单数形式。
例如:•The sun rises in the east.(太阳从东方升起。
)2.2 复数谓语动词当主语是复数时,谓语动词也要用复数形式。
例如:•Students study hard.(学生们学习努力。
)三、主谓一致的例外情况在某些情况下,主谓一致的规则会有例外。
专题十一主谓一致【考情分析】所谓主谓一致, 是指主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致。
汉语里虽然也涉及人称和数, 但是谓语形式上没有变化。
例如:他想去。
/我们都想去。
而在英语里却说:He wants to go. / We all want to go.关于主谓一致, 一般有三个原则:语法一致, 意义一致和邻近一致。
上面的例子属于语法一致;Ten minutes is enough. 属于意义一致;There is a pen and three books on my desk.属于邻近一致。
主谓一致是高考试题常涉及的考点, 虽然不是每套高考试题必考的内容, 但是其知识点比较零散, 涉及面广, 所以考题往往有一定难度。
近几年的高考试题中淡化了对纯语法知识的考试, 因而很少有单独考查主谓一致的语法项目, 常常把其放入时态, 语态, 从句, 倒装句中一起考查。
【自我测试】在空白处填入括号内动词的正确形式。
1. The blind (study) in special schools.2. Look! The teacher with his students, (be ) working in the lab now.3. The museum I have visited (stand ) at the end of the street.4. Three weeks (be ) not enough for me to write the report.5. So far three –fourths of the homework (have ) been finished.6. Either he or I (be ) to go to Beijing on business.7. More than 70 percent of the books (be ) written in English nowadays.8. Large quantities of water (be ) needed for cooling purpose.9. All (be ) present and all is going well.10.How one treats his parents (have) great influence on his children.答对等级:0-5(poor)6-7(so-so)8(good) 9-10(excellent)答案:1.study 2.is 3.stands 4.is 5.has6.am7.are8.are9.are 10.has【教学建议】不着急给学生解释该题错误的原因, 可以在复习完相应的考点以后再让学生解释为什么错了, 以及正确的答案应该是谁。
主谓一致(完整整理版) -CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1主谓一致一、知识总结归纳(一)概述:主语与谓语的一致:在英语表达中,谓语动词的形式要和主语的人称和数保持一致。
主要体现在be动词,助动词do, have 以及一般现在时态中的动词形式。
谓语动词与主语保持一致的基本原则:语法一致,就近一致和意义一致。
名词或代词做主语有人称和单,复数之分,动词的单数就是第三人称单数形式,而动词的复数形式即动词的原形。
例句:1. I am seventeen, and he is sixteen.2. There is a desk in the room, but there are no chairs in it.3. John gets up at six o’clock every morning.4. What is the latest news about the Olympic Games5. The family are sitting at the breakfast table.(二)语法一致:1. 由and连接的两个名词或代词做主语:(1)这部分主语表示的是两个人或两件不同的事物,谓语动词用复数形式。
例句:① My brother and I have both seen that film.② Both rice and wheat are grown in this part of China.③ The poet and the novelist were both present at the meeting.④ Reading, writing and arithmetic are called the three R’s.(2)这部分主语表示具有两个身份或性质的同一个人或一个完整的事物,谓语动词用单数形式。
例句:① The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting.② War and peace is a constant theme in history.③ One more knife and fork is needed.④ The statesman and poet was engaged in warfare all his life.⑤ Law and order has been established.⑥ Bread and butter is our daily food.⑦ Fish and chips is a popular fast food.⑧ The stars and stripes is the national flag of U.S.A.(3)这部分主语前面有each, every, many a, no 等修饰时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。
第八章主谓一致一、定义主谓一致指的是句子的谓语受主语支配,谓语动词的形式必须随着主语单、复数形式或人称的变化而变化。
二、主谓一致的三个原则英语中的主谓一致主要遵循三个原则:语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致原则。
这三个原则发生冲突时,优先考虑逻辑意义一致原则。
1.语法一致主语和谓语通常是从语法形式上取得一致。
(1)以单数名词或代词、短语或从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式;主语为复数时,谓语动词用复数形式。
e.g.My dream school looks like a big garden. 我梦想中的学校看起来像一个大花园。
The picture on the wall was drawn by my daughter. 墙上那幅画是我女儿画的。
She likes the yellow dress. 她喜欢那件黄色的裙子。
To study well is not easy. 学习好不是一件容易的事。
Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes. 在太阳下读书对眼睛不好。
What he said is very important for us all. 他所说的对我们所有人都很重要。
(2)由连接词and或both ... and连接起来的合成主语后面,要用复数形式的谓语动词。
若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时,它后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。
e.g.Lucy and Lily are twins. 露西和莉莉是双胞胎。
The boy and the girl were surprised when they heard the news. 这个男孩和女孩对于他们听见的消息很震惊。
Both bread and butter were sold out in that grocery. 那家食品杂货店的面包和黄油都卖光了。
The poet and singer has come. 那位诗人兼歌唱家来了。
2013年高考英语主谓一致 主谓一致即谓语动词的数与主语的单复数一致: (一)One,every one,each one,any one,each,either,nine of+复数+单谓。 Every one of the students is studying hard. Neither of the girls is able to answer it. 1. Neither of the two brothers with their parents. A. live B. are living C. like to live D. lives 2. of the boys in Class4 is playing games. A. All B. Each C. The both (二)不定式、动名词作主语时,谓语用单数 To teach is to learn. Playing with fire is dangerous. 1. Palying baseball Dale’s favourite sport. A. is B. are C. were (三)主语后跟含有with. except. together. with. as well as等短语时, 单复数应根据主语而定,而不受这些短语的影响。
1. Everyone except Tom and John there when the meeting began. A. are B. is C. were D. was (四)主语为people. Police. cattle(家禽)poultry(家畜)等时,谓语用复数。 The police are looking for the missing child. Most people think so. (五)主语为复数而意义为单数,谓语用单数: ①news,works(作品,工作),physics,politic政治,mathematics数学,谓语用单数; ②trousers, Shoes, glasses为主语时, 谓语用复数,当前面有a pair of修饰时, 谓语动词用单数。
1. I think physics ________maths. A. is so useful as B. are more useful as C. are as useful as D. is much more useful than (六)表示时间、长度、价格、质量等短语做主语时,即使其中的名词为复数名词,谓语动词也应用单数形式:
Three years has already passed quickly. Fifty yuan is enough. (七)由every,some,any,no构成的复合不定式代词做主语时,谓语用单数。 1. Every girl ________to attend the English Party. A. wish B. wishes C. is like D. like (八)就近原则:由either„or,Neither„nor,not only„but also连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词与靠近它的主语一致。
1. Not only students but also their teacher ________the plan. A. object B. objects C. is object D. is objected There be句型中连接并列的主谓时,谓语用就近原则。 There is a girl and four boys in the room. 2. There some Chinese and three Americans in the travelling team. A. are B. is C. has D. have (九)so,neither倒装句:so do I句型(即so+be/助动词/情态动词+主语),表示“两种情况相同”。注意:时态和数要一致。
So I do陈述语序,表示“的确如此”。 Neither/Nor+ be/助动词/情态动词+主语,表示“两种情况都不” 1. ---Tom bought a computer yesterday. ---So she. (so he ) 2. ---The boy didn’t go to the Park. ---Neither (nor) I. (十)由and连接两个不同的单数名词或代词作主语时,表示不同概念时,谓语动词用复数;而表示同一概念时,谓语动词用单数。
Jack and Tom look heathy and strong. The poet and musician visits our school today. (十一)the+姓氏s 表示“一家人”,谓语动词用复数。 The Blacks enjoy working in China. (十二)a number of+名复+复谓 表示“很多”; the number of+名复+单谓 表示“„的数目”。 The number of people invited more than 200, and a number of them been here now. A. were, has B. were, have C. was, has D. was, have 练习 1.Neither Wei Hua nor Ann ________ on the team. A.is B.are C.goes D.go 2.“I think neither this shirt nor that one ________ good”,he said. A.are B.is C.were D.was 3.This is Miss Gao.She ________ your new teacher. A.be B.am C.is D.are 4.His parents ________ coming to meet the teacher tonight. A.are B.were C.is 5.How much milk ________ in the bottle? A.has B.are there C.is there 6.Everyone except Tom and John ________ there when the meeting began. A.is B.was C.are D.were 7.________ Lily ________ Lucy may go with you because one of them must stay at home. A.Not only ;but also
B.Neither;nor C.Both;and D.Either;or 8.________ the population of China? A.How much is B.How many are C.What is D.What number is 9.Jenny and her parents ________ going to visit the Palace Museum tomorrow A.is B.am C.are D.be 10.Neither the students nor the teacher ________ in the classroom the moment. A.were B.was C.weren't D.wasn't 11.—How many students are there in your school? —________ the students in our school ________ over two thousand. A.The number of;is B.The number of;are C.A number of;is D.A number of;are 12.—Are the twins on the football team? —No,neither of them ________ on the team. A.is B.are C.were D.be 13.Either Bob or Peter ________ watching the 17th World Cup now. A.is B.are C.am D.be
I.单项选择。 ( ) 1. (2010).Everyone ______ I come from Sichuan. Actually, I come from Shandong. A. find B. think C. finds D. thinks ( ) 2.(2010湖北)-David has been away for more than 25 days. -I miss him very much. You know, 25 days ____short. A. is B. isn't C. are D. aren't ( ) 3.(2010湖北)Climbing hills ______of great help to our health. A. was B. were C. is D. are ( ) 4.(2010山东省)Yao Ming works hard on his English and ________ A.so Liu Xiang does B.so is Liu Xiang C.so does Liu Xiang D.so Liu Xiang is ( ) 5.(2010北京市)The reading room _____ very quiet. I enjoy reading books there. A. am B. is C. are D. be ( ) 6.(2010广西)There ___ some milk in the glass. A. is B. are C. be D. has ( ) 7.(2010山东)How time flies! Three years _____ really a short time. A. is B. are C. was D. were ( ) 8.(2010四川)In our school library, there ___ a number of books on science and the number of them _____ growing larger and larger. A. is; are B. are; is C. have; is D. is; have ( ) 9. Nobody but Li Hua ______ the secret. A. knows B. know C. have known D. is known ( ) 10. Three- fourths of the surface of the earth ______ sea.