英语商务电子邮件中的常用词汇
写商务邮件往往要比口语简单：你不必担心发音，并且你可以慢慢的修改你的信件内容。但是写的时候却需要记得几项规则。这儿有一些建议可以保证你的邮件给人留下好印象。
1. Know your email terms:英语电子邮件发送程序有很多的缩写，如果你不知道意思的话，你给老板要求加薪水的邮件就可能发给了整个办公室！
"Reply to all"表示你的邮件将发送给每一个收到原始邮件的人。在邮件的地址栏内，"cc" (carbon copy)部分是指邮件发给你指定的人，而"bcc"部分你可以悄悄的发送邮件而不让其他的人知道– b的意思是"blind"（掩藏的）。
如果有人要你"forward"一封邮件，他们意思是要你通过转发的功能发送邮件，有时侯简写成"fw."
2. Use the Right Greeting:尽管用"Hey"作为写给朋友的电子邮件开场白没有任何问题，但是最好不要用这种方式来给一个潜在的商务伙伴这样写信。另一方面，使用非常正式的传统开场白"Dear Sir" 也已经越来越过时了。最好是写"Dear Mr. / Ms." 然后那个人的姓。如果你们一起工作的话，那就写他们的名字也没有关系。（例如"Dear John"）。
3. Keep it Short and Clear:其他种类的语言可能需要用精美的词汇和复杂的句法来显示你的聪明才智和教育，而写英语邮件你只需用一种清晰且有条理的方式。在邮件的第一段清楚的表明你写信的目的并条理清晰，每一段都有中心句。使用类似"first, second, next, and finally"的词引导读者你将表述一个新的观点。你不需在邮件中包括所有的详细内容。你可以用象"If you have any other questions please feel free to contact me,"这样的短语来结束邮件，这样一来让读者有更多的机会询问更多的信息。
4. Be polite and tactful:在你写邮件时尽量清晰的陈述所写的内容，到底是邮寄鞋子的费用折扣还是一次工作面试，最好不要用象"I want."的词表示要求，"I would like"显得更尊重对方，并且"I am interested in"是提出请求建议或寻求意见的好选择。
5. 电子邮件正确结尾："I am looking forward to your reply," "Thank you,"或者"Sincerely"都是给收信人留下好印象的结尾方式
2020年高级商务英语高频词汇：科技及设备 1.advance 前进;进展 2.capacity 容量;才能;水平 https://www.doczj.com/doc/fb8543752.html,ponent 构成要素;成分;零件 4.device 装置;设备;图案;设计 5.engineer 工程师 6.facilitate 促动;使(更)容易 7.fuel 燃料 8.generator 发电机;产生器 9.innovative 创新;革新的 10.inventor 发明家 11.leading edge 居优势的 12.malfunction 故障;发生故障，机能失常 13.mode 样式;模式;方式;风尚;时尚 14.operate 操作;运转;经营 15.outlet 出口;排水口;销售店;商行;插座;销路 16.portable 可携带的;轻便的 17.raw material 原料 18.satellite 卫星 19.specification 说明;详述
20.substandard 标准以下的 21.automaton 自动操作装置;机器人 22.cell(ular)phone 移动电话;手机 23.consecutive 连续的;连贯的 24.devise 设计;发明;策划 25.equipment 装备;设备 26.facility 便利的设施;设备 27.gadget 小巧的机械装置;小玩意 28.hands-on 实地操作的;亲自体验的 29.inspect 检查;审查;视察 https://www.doczj.com/doc/fb8543752.html,boratory 实验室 33.maintenance 维护;保养 32.manual 使用手册，指南;手工的 https://www.doczj.com/doc/fb8543752.html,work 网络系统;广播、电视网;电脑网 34.outage 电力中断;断电 35.petroleum 石油 36.procedure 程序;手续 37.reverse 相反的;颠倒的 38.solar (源自)太阳的;依太阳而运行的 39.static 静电干扰;静止的;静态的;静电的 40.turn down 关小(声)
初级商务英语阅读理解试题 为了让大家更好的准备商务英语BEC考试，给大家整理了初级商务英语阅读理解试题,下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。 初级商务英语阅读理解试题(1) A friend of mine was fond of drawing horse. He drew the horses very well,but he always began the tail. Now it is the Western rule to begin at the head of the horse, that is why I was surprised. It struck me that it could not really make any difference whether the artist begins at the head or the tail or the belly(肚子) or the foot of the horse, if he really knows his business. And most great artists who really kn ow their business do not follow other people’s rule.They make their own rules. Every one of them does his work in a way peculiar(奇特的) to himself; and the peculiarity means only that he finds it more easy to work in that way. Now the very same thing is true to literature(文学). And the question, "How shall I begin?" only means that you want to begin at the head instead of beginning at the tail or somewhere else. That is,
商务英语谈判常用词汇 商务谈判常用词汇： 1、出口信贷export credit 出口津贴export subsidy 商品倾销dumping 外汇倾销exchange dumping 优惠special preferences 保税仓库bonded warehouse 贸易顺差favorable balance of trade 贸易逆差unfavorable balance of trade 进口配额制import quotas 自由贸易区free trade zone 对外贸易值value of foreign trade 国际贸易值value of international trade 普遍优惠制generalized system of preferences-GSP 最惠国待遇most-favored nation treatment-MFNT 2、价格条件 价格trade term (price term) 运费freight 单价price 费wharfage 总值total value 卸货费landing charges 金额amount customs duty 净价net price 印花税stamp duty 含佣价price including commission 税port dues 回佣return commission 装运港port of shipment 折扣discount, allowance 卸货港port of discharge 批发价wholesale price 目的港port of destination 零售价retail price 进口许口证import licence 现货价格spot price 出口许口证export licence 价格forward price 现行价格(时价)current price prevailing price 国际市场价格world (International)Market price 离岸价(船上交货价) -free on board 成本加运费价(离岸加运费价) C&F-cost and freight
最新商务英语（BEC）中级考试真题及答案 Issues in the recruitment world In the competitive world of investment banking, good senior executives are not easy to find. So what should the industry's hard-pressed directors do when they need to find senior staff? Increasingly, they decide to call in the headhunters. These are busy and profitable times for the recruitment agencies that dominate the world of executive search and selection. (0) .....They needed new people to revitalise their operations, and the result has been a boom in the recruitment market. Pinnacle, a leading recruitment agency, has helped various UK investment banks to rebuild their entire senior management teams. It is hard to overstate the significance of this. (8)............ But now everything has changed, and Pinnacle is not the only major player in the field. Some analysts believe that rival recruitment specialists ALT Associates has a larger share of the market. However, there is little doubt that over its 13-year history, Pinnacle and its chairman, Matthew Edwards, have built up an impressive reputation. Edwards estimates that his company controls between 10 and 15 per cent of the headhunting market for senior investment banking jobs in the UK. (9)............Rather, it is the high-calibre jobs and people
剑桥商务英语中级词汇精选 常用词汇句型运用A 1. absenteeism n.（经常性）旷工、旷职；缺勤 As a manager, we have to punish those absenteeism behaviors. 2.access n.接近（或进入）的机会，享用权；市场销路；进入市场 v.使用；获取，使用科技手段取得 We must master the access to market. 3.accumulate v.积累，累积 We couldn’t ignore accumulating our experience. 4.adjust v.调节，修改，核算（盈亏），精算 We have to adjust ourselves to adapt to the new working environments. 5.adopt v.采纳，批准 Adopting different kinds of opinions of our staffs would improve our working efficiency. 6.afford v.买得起，承受得住；承担费用 Selecting an appropriate accommodation, the most important factor is the affording power from our corporation. 7.allocate v.分配，配给 We have allocated the mission equally among all members of the department. 8.agenda n.议事日程 Because of the emergency, we have got to place the language training courses on the agenda. 9.allowance n.不用付税的津贴，补贴；折扣，折价 We should provide allowance to those retired staff. 10.ambition n.强烈的欲望，进取心，雄心 When recruiting a staff, the most important qualities we pay more attention is his ambitions. 11.anticipate v.预订，占先，抢先；预支，提前使用，期待 Before the meeting, we have to anticipate all needs. 12.appeal n.吸引力 We can design some attractive brochures to make an appeal to our customers. 13.awareness n.意识，认识程度 The most fundamental factor is to have the awareness of team work.
托业词汇汇总（修订版） 一、办公室事宜Office matters（1） 1.appointment 约会，约定 2.attendance 出席人数；出 席 3.cabinet 橱柜 4.calendar 日历；月历；行 事历 5.clerk 办事员，书记 6.directory 人名住址薄 7.duplicate 复制；副本 8.filing 归档 9.in-tray 待处理文件盒 10.monitor 检测；监视；追 踪 11.out-tray 已处理文件盒 12.partition 分隔；分隔物 （如墙壁等） 13.postage 邮费 14.punctualit 准时；守时15.schedule 时间表；计划表 16.shift 换班；轮班；值班 17.staff 全体职员 18.strike 罢工 19.task 工作，任务 20.work force 工作人员；劳动人口 办公室事宜 Office matters （2） 1.assignment 分配；工作，分派 2.bulletin 公报；告示；定期报告书 3.calculator 计算器 4.carbon copy 用复写纸复制的副本 5.colleague 同事，同僚 6.document 文件，证件 7.extension 分机（电话）；延期 8.intercom 对讲机
9.memo 便条；便笺；备忘录 10.operator 接线生 11.overtime 加班的时间 12.portfolio 作品夹，公事 包 13.printed matter 印刷品 14.receptionist 接待员 15.secretary 秘书 16.shorthand 速记，速记法 17.stapler 订书机 18.tardy 迟缓；迟到的；迟 延的 19.typist 打字员 20.xerox 影印 二、Personnel & Management 人事及管理 1.allocate 拨出；分配；配置 2.applicant 申请人 3.authorize 授权；委托 4.bonus 红利；额外津贴；奖金 5.capability 能力；才干；潜力；性能 6.collaboration 合作；通敌 7.consultation 咨询；商量；商议；会议 8.curriculum vitae 履历 9.eligible 合格的，合适的 10.employer 雇主 11.executive 行政或管理人员 12.income 收入或所得 https://www.doczj.com/doc/fb8543752.html,y off （暂时）解雇 14.occupation 职业 15.part-time 兼任的；兼职的 16.permanent 不变的，永久的 17.promote 升迁；促销 18.recruit 吸收；征募 19.resume 履历表 20.salary 薪水 Personnel & Management 人事及管理2 1.amateur 业余技术家；外行人；非专家
常见商务英语邮件中的缩略语
常见商务英语邮件中的缩略语 approximately approx.接近 et alia (and others)et al.以及其他人et cetera (and so forth)etc.等 as soon as possible ASAP急件 blind carbon copy Bcc密件抄送building bldg.大厦calendar year CY公历年carbon copy to Cc抄送 cash on delivery c.o.d.货到付款company co.公司corporation corp.公司department dept.部门 doing business as dba 职业或公司名称 each ea.各 end of month e.o.m月底 fiscal year FY会计年度 exempli gratiea (for example) e.g.例如 for your information FYI通知 government govt.政府 incorporated inc.公司 I owe you IOC我欠你 limited Ltd.有限公司 manufacturing mfg.制造公司 merchandise mdse.商品 month mo.月 videlicet (namely)viz.亦即 numero (number)no.号码 post meridiem (post noon)p.m.下午 postscript PS又及 quarter qtr.季度 very important person VIP重要人物 现在的商务往来中，合作双方通常都使用电子邮件这种快速便捷的通讯方式。在商务英语邮件德写作中，有以下几点注意事项供大家参考。 1. Email is much less formal than a written letter. Emails are usually short and concise. 2. If you are writing to someone you don’t know, a simple "Hello" is adequate. Using a salutation such as "Dear
商务英语常用缩略词词汇表大全 a accepted 承兑 AA Auditing Administration （中国）审计署 AAA 最佳等级 abs. abstract 摘要 a/c, A/C account 帐户、帐目 a/c, A/C account current 往来帐户、活期存款帐户 A&C addenda and corrigenda 补遗和勘误 Acc. acceptance or accepted 承兑 Accrd.Int accrued interest 应计利息 Acct. account 帐户、帐目 Acct. accountant 会计师、会计员 Acct. accounting 会计、会计学 Acct.No. account number 帐户编号、帐号 Acct.Tit. account title 帐户名称、会计科目 ACN air consignment 航空托运单 a/c no. account number 帐户编号、帐号 Acpt. acceptance or accepted 承兑 A/CS Pay. accounts payable 应付帐款 A/CS Rec. accounts receivable 应收帐款 ACT advance corporation tax 预扣公司税 ACU Asia Currency Unit 亚洲货币单位 A.C.V actual cash value 实际现金价值a.d., a/d after date 开票后、出票后 ADRS asset depreciation range system 固定资产分组折旧法 BA bank acceptance 银行承兑汇票 bal. balance 余额、差额 banky. bankruptcy 破产、倒闭 Bat battery 电池 b.b. bearer bond 不记名债券 B.B., B/B bill book 出纳簿 B/B bill bought 买入票据、买入汇票 b&b bed & breakfast 住宿费和早餐费 b.c. blind copy 密送的副本 BC buyer credit 买方信贷 B/C bills for collection 托收汇票 B.C. bank clearing 银行清算 b/d brought down 转下页 Bd. bond 债券 B/D bills discounted 已贴现票据 B/D bank draft 银行汇票 b.d.i. both dates inclusive, both days inclusive 包括头尾两天 B/E bill of entry 报关单 b.e., B/E bill of exchange 汇票
1．We have received your letter and resume，and we thought we would like to ask you to come here for an interview． 2．我们已收到你的信和简历，想请你来参加面试。 2．I am very glad to know that my letter and resume have been received． 得知本人的信和简历贵公司已收到，感到非常荣幸。 3．What are your major and minor subjects? 你的主修课和副课是些什么? 4．My major subject is English and my minor subject is Economics． 我主修英语，辅修经济学。 5．What degree have you received? 你得到过什么学位? 6．When and where did you receive your MBA degree? 你的工商管理硕士学位是什么时候，在哪里获得的? 7．I received my MBA degree from Peking University in 1 994．， 我于1994年在北京大学获得的工商管理硕士学位。 8．What is your greatest strength? 你最大的长处是什么? 9．I manage my time perfectly SO that I can always get things done on time． 我极懂分配时间，因此总能准时完成任务。 1 0．I suppose a strong point is that I like to develop new things and ideas． 我想我有一个优点就是喜欢创新。 11一can take on jobs that bother other people and work at them slowly until they get done． 我能承担别人认为烦恼的工作，然后慢慢努力，直到把工作完成为止。 1 2．What are your weak points? 你的缺点是什么? 1 3．When I think something is right，I will stick to that．Sometimes it sounds a little stubborn，but I am now trying to find a balance between insistence and compromise． 若我认为某件事情是对的，我会坚持到底。有时候，这显得有点顽固，因此我正努力在坚持与妥协之间寻求平衡。 14．I'm afraid I'm a poor talker,and that’s not very good in public,S o I've been learning how to speak 我这个人恐怕不善言谈，这样不好，所以我一直在学怎样在众人面前讲话。 1 5．What is your greatest achievement? 你最大的成就是什么? 1 6．Can you work under pressure? 你能在压力下工作吗? 1 7．Yes,I find it stimulating． 能，我认为它具有鼓舞作用。 1 8．What are the problems you have encountered in your job? 你在工作中曾遇到过哪些困难? 1 9．HOW do you deal with those who you think are difficult to work with? 你怎样应付那些你认为难以合作的人? 20．I stick to my principles and keep to roles． 我会坚持原则和谨守规则。 2 1．What kind of personality do you think you have? 你认为你具有哪种性格? 22．I'm quite active and energetic．I approa ch things enthusiastically and I don’t like leaving things half done．
请问你找谁？Who would you like to speak to? 请问你找谁？May I help you? 他不在办公室He is not in the office! 他今天休息，不上班= He is off today, so he won't be in the office. 你可以打他的手机= You can call him by his cellphone. 现在是午休时间，他不在办公室= It is lunch break at the moment, he is not in the office. 他1点半上班，到时再打他电话。= He will be back at one-thirty, please call back later. 他出去了，一小时后回来。= He is out, he will be back in an hour. 我不太会说英语，很抱歉。= I don't speak much English, I'm sorry. 他还未到，5分钟后可以找到他。= He is not here yet, but he will be back in five minutes. 他正过来，请稍等= He is coming, please wait. We want to develop direct contact with Continental buyers for ourselves. 我们想为自己的公司同欧洲大陆的买主建立起直接的联系。 We see that your firm specializes in Light Industrial Goods， and we are willing to establish business relationship with you. 得知贵公司专门经营轻工业品，我们愿意与贵公司建立业务关系。 We are one of the largest importers of Electric Goods in this city， and we wish to establish business relationship with you. 我们是此地最大的电器进口商之一，愿意与你们建立业务关系。 We are willing to enter into business relationship with your company on the basis of equality and mutual benefit. 我们愿在平等互利的基础上与贵公司建立业务关系。 Our two countries have had trade relations for ten years. 我们两国之间已经有了10年的贸易关系。
Unit 1 1. 显著经济增长、significant economic growth 2. 将银行业与汽车业国有化nationalizing the banking and car industries 3. 削减房贷cut back on housing loans 4. 收购国内外资产buying up new assets at home and abroad 5. 大幅提升盈利能sharply raising profitability 6. 获得动力gain momentum 7. 小幅升值a modest appreciation 8. 下岗工人laid-off workers 9. 摸着石头过河crossing the river by feeling for stones 10. 可持续增长的支柱the backbone of sustainable growth 11. 资金密集型行业capital-intensive sector 12. 放宽信贷loosen credit 13. 减少对出口的依赖reducing China's dependence on exports 14. 战略思考strategic thinking 15. 燃油补贴fuel subsidies 16. 解除价格管制deregulated prices 17. 休克疗法shock therapy 18. 支撑经济增长bolster economic growth 19. 经济刺激一揽子计划stimulus package 20. 精明（娴熟）的管理savvy management 21. 边远地区remote areas 22. 回应个人投诉answer individual complaints 23. 取消印花税scrapping the stamp tax 24. 振兴股市revive the stock market 25. 繁荣与稳定prosperity and stability 26. 内幕交易insider trading 27. 进行民意测验conduct public polls 28. 遭遇信贷危机experiencing a credit crisis Unit 2 1.The great depression in the 1930s 1930年的经济大萧 条 2.The old industrial economies 老工业经济体 3.The global economic and political elite 全球经济与 政治精英 4.Amass great wealth 产生巨大财富 5.Welfare states福利国家 6.Emerging economies 新兴经济体 7. A beggar-thy-neighbor populism 以邻为壑民粹主义 8.Double-dip recession 双底衰退 9.Sovereign-debt crisis 主权债务危机 10.The worst-case scenarios 最糟糕的情况 11.Bitter social unrest 激烈的社会动荡 12.Cutting public budgets 削减公共预算 13.Excessive stimulus 过度刺激计划
商务英语Business English
入门篇 Hi，欢迎你到“商务英语”的“入门篇”中来，很多人都觉得“商务英语”非常“高深”，似乎是“高不可攀”，可是当我们研究了BEC商务英语以及其他商务课程后，发现原来商务英语涉及到的内容并不都是专业得让人“望而却步”，商务英语的学习依然涉及到如何得体的introductions(介绍)、greetings(问候)等等基本的会话，在这些基础上，你才能进一步地学习有关marketing（市场）,sales(销售)等商务方面的知识。 所以把一些比较基本的社交英语以及简单的商务知识放在“入门”篇里学习，比如如何得体的进行“自我介绍”，如何“接听电话”，“收发传真”，“描述产品”以及基本的商务信函写作等等内容。 相信在“入门篇”里的学习使你可以应付外企环境中最基本的工作内容！ 现在我们就开始“入门”吧，说“入门”自然还要从学会得体的“自我介绍”开始， 1. First Meetings 初次见面 先预习一下本课中涉及的一些知识点吧： assistant 助理 clerk 职员 favorable impression 良好印象 Personnel Manager 人事经理 Managing Director（MD）总裁 I'm new.我是新来的。 to be working together. 我们将一起工作。 to look forward to doing sth. 盼望做某事 初次见面用语： Nice to meet you.很高兴见到你。 告别时用语： It was very nice to have met you. 能见到你我真高兴 Hope to see you again. 希望能再次见到你。
13th December Dear Sir or Madam With regard to your concerns about the experience on the 1st December, I have now spoken to the servers and as a result I’m in a position to respond. Unfortunately, the operator who should be on duty at that day ate a plate of bad spaghetti for the dinner, and he was about to go to toilet when you made the booking. So he didn’t write down the information carefully, which made the desk clerk can’t find your booking record and the double-booking. I have reprimanded him severely and gave the punishment. The towels in the bathroom needn’t to change due to the disinfection cabinet in every room just at the corner in the bathroom. The cabinet can clean the towels automatically and immediately as long as you put the towels in it. This is a special device in our hotel. Following this letter, I’d like to suggest that we’ll give you 60% discount of your next coming. Let me express my sincere apology. Y our sincerely Jack Manager of the hotel
商务英语应当是在深厚的英语基础上，再强调商务，实用性是商务英语最大的特点。下面是小编分享的商务常见英语单词，希望能对大家有所帮助! 富有价格弹性(Price elastic) 如果需求的价格弹性大于1，那么商品的需求就是富有价格弹性。 需求的价格弹性(Price elasticity of demand) 需求的价格弹性是指价格变化1%导致的需求量变化的百分比(习惯上通常以正数表示)。 供给的价格弹性(Price elasticity of supply) 供给的价格弹性是指价格变化1%导致的供给量变化的百分比。 最低限价(Price floor) 最低限价是指政府对某种商品所规定的最低价格。例如，联邦农业计划规定了小麦和玉米的最低价格。 缺乏价格弹性(Price inelastic) 如果需求的价格弹性小于1，那么商品的需求就是缺乏价格弹性。 价格领导者(Price leader) 价格领导者是指在寡头垄断的行业中制定价格并且其他厂商愿意跟随的厂商。 价格系统(Price system) 在价格系统下，商品和服务都有一个价格，在纯粹的资本主义经济中价格执行一个经济系统的基本职能(决定生产什么、怎样生产、每个人应该得到多少以及一个国家的增长率应该是多少)。 委托--代理问题(Principal-agent problem) 由于经理或工人可能会追求自己的目标，即便这样做会减少企业所有者的利润，从而导致了委托--代理问题。经理或工人是为所有者工作的代理人，所有者是委托人。 囚犯困境(Prisoner`s dilemma) 囚犯困境是指这样一种情形，此时两个人(或厂商)合作要比不合作好，但是每个人都觉得不合作符合他的利益，因此每个人的状况都要坏于如果他们合作时的境况。 私人成本(Private cost) 私人成本是指单个使用者为了能够使用某一资源而带来的费用。 概率(Probability) 概率是指在长期中某种结果发生的次数与总次数之比。例如，如果多次掷骰子并且1点出现的次数是总次数的1/6，那么出现1点的概率就是1/6。 生产者剩余(Producer surplus)
Unit 1 Text A I. 1. F 2. F 3. T 4. T 5. N II. 1. D 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. D III.Open Text B I. 1. F 2. T 3. N 4. N 5. F II.Open III.Open Unit 2 Text A I. 1. F 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. F 6.T II. 1. D 2. B 3. D 4. D 5. A III.Open Text B I. 1. T 2. T 3. F 4. F 5. T II. 1. D 2. C 3. A 4. A 5. D III.Open Unit 3 Text A I. 1. F 2. F 3. T 4. T 5. F II. 1. D 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. B III.Open Text B I. 1. F 2. F 3. T 4. N 5. F II.Open III.Open Unit 4 Text A I. 1. F 2. F 3. T 4. T 5. F II. 1. B 2. D 3. B 4. D 5. C III.Open
Text B I. 1. F 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. F II.Open III.Open Unit 5 Text A I. 1. F 2. F 3. T 4. T 5. T II. 1. C 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. D III.Open Text B I. 1. T 2. F 3. T 4. F 5. N II. 1. D 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. B III.Open Unit 6 Text A I. 1. F 2. T 3. T 4. N 5. F II. 1. C 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. C III.Open Text B I. 1. F 2. N 3. N 4. F 5. F II.Open III.Open Unit 7 Text A I. 1. F 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. T II. 1. D 2. D 3. D 4. B 5. A III.Open Text B I. 1. F 2. F 3. F 4. T 5. T II.Open III.Open
商务英语常用词汇 economist 经济学家 socialist economy 社会主义经济 capitalist economy 资本主义经济 collective economy 集体经济 planned economy 计划经济 controlled economy 管制经济 rural economics 农村经济 liberal economy 经济 mixed economy 混合经济 political economy 政治经济学 protectionism 保护主义 autarchy 闭关自守 primary sector 初级成分 private sector 私营成分,私营部门 public sector 公共部门,公共成分 economic channels 经济渠道 economic balance 经济平衡 economic fluctuation 经济波动 economic depression 经济衰退 economic stability 经济稳定 economic policy 经济政策 economic recovery 经济复原 understanding 约定 concentration 集中 holding company 控股公司 trust 托拉斯 cartel 卡特尔 rate of growth 增长 economic trend 经济趋势 economic situation 经济形势 infrastructure 基本建设 standard of living 生活标准,生活水平 purchasing power, buying power 购买力 scarcity 短缺 stagnation 停滞,萧条,不景气 underdevelopment 不发达 underdeveloped 不发达的 developing 发展中的
Key to the exercises Unit One Text A I.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T at the end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses. 1. F 2. T 3. F 4. F 5. T II. For each of the following questions, choose the most appropriate answer based on your understanding of the text. 1. C 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. D III. Questions for Discussion: Open Text B I.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T at the end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses. 1. F 2. F 3. F 4. F 5. T II.Answer the following questions based on the text. Open III. Questions for Discussion: Open Unit Two Text A