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《英语国家概况》考试及答案《英语国家概况》考试及答案————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————⽇期：I. Choose the correct answer from the options given: （20 points, 1 point each）1. Which of the following is NOT considered a characteristic of London ?A. The cultural centre.B. The business centre.C. The financial centre.D. The sports centre.2. Which of the following is NOT true about the characteristics of Britain ?A. Economic differences between north and south.B. Differences of social systems between Scotland and Wales.C. Class differences between a white-collar worker and a blue-collar worker.D. Cultural differences between immigrants and the British.3. In 1969, the first British soldiers were seen on Northern Ireland Street They came first _______.A. to maintain traffic order in Northern IrelandB. to protect the Catholic peopleC. to protect the Protestant peopleD. to replace the Royal Ulster Constabulary since they were unable to keep social Order4. In the early 1970s, the IRA _________.A. killed many Protestants and CatholicsB. burned down the houses of Catholics’C. murdered individuals at randomD. carried out a series of bombing and shooting and attacked the security forces as their main target5. Why did the British government decide to replace the Power-Sharing policy with “direct-rule” from London ?A. The Power-Sharing policy was not accepted by the majority of Protestants.B. The Northern Irish Parliament could not govern the province effectively.C. The Power-Sharing policy couldn’t be carried out.D. All the above.6. Which group of people can NOT vote in the general election ?A. Members in the House of Commons.B. Lords in the House of Lords.C. The major parties.D. The UK resident citizens of the Irish Republic.7. How many seats in the House of Commons should a party hold at least in order to win the election ?A. 651B. 326C. 626D. 3518. Which government lost a vote of no confidence and was forced to resign in 1979 ?A. The Conservative government.B. The Liberal government.C. The Labour government.D. The radical government.9. Which of the following books is written by Geoffrey Chaucer ?A. The Canterbury Tales.B. Beowulf.C. The Ulster Cycle.D. Morte D’Arthur.10. Among the following writers, who was NOT one of the great trio ?A. Ben Johnson.B. Geoffrey Chaucer.C. William Shakespeare.D. Christopher Marlowe.11. Which of the following was the most famous Scottish novelist ?A. D.H. Lawrence.B. Charles Dickens.C. Robert L. Stevenson.D. Walter Scott.12. Which of the following has nothing to do with Easter ?A. Rabbits.B. Haggis.C. Chicks.D. Eggs.13. Which of the following is true about the Guy Fawkes Night ?A. It is celebrated by Scottish people in November.B. It is celebrated by English people in November.C. It is celebrated by Scottish people in August.D. It is celebrated by English people in August.14. Which of the following is true about the Gunpowder Plot ?A. It was planned to kill the Protestant king and replace him with a Catholic king.B. It was planned to kill the Catholic king and replace him with a Protestant king.C. It was planned to kill King Billy and replace him with King James II.D. It was planned to kill King James II and replace him with King Billy.15. Which of the following is true under Thatcher’s administration ?A. The proportion of owner-occupation decreased.B. Public housing became more important.C. Many public houses were sold to the people.D. The UK became more European-like in its housing arrangements.16. Which of the following about class system in the UK is NOT true ?A. People of different classes tend to read different kinds of newspaper.B. Class-division is only decided by people’s income.C. Though social advancement is possible, class affects a person’s life-chances.D. The way people speak identifies themselves to particular class.17. The British media have many important functions. Which of the following is an exception ?A. They supply people with news, keeping them informed about what is happening in the world.B. They make huge profit by publishing advertisements.C. They promote culture and education.D. They provide entertainment.18. A free press is considered very important to the functioning of parliamentary democracy because _________.A. it plays a watchdog function, keeping an eye on the governmentB. it informs people about current affairs in the worldC. it provides people with subjective reportsD. it publishes short pamphlets for Parliament19. The state that had the first British settlement is __________.A. QueenslandB. New south WalesC. Western AustraliaD. Victoria20. The federal government and the state governments are formed by ________.A. the party chosen by the Governor-GeneralB. the party that has the most votesC. the party that has the majority of the House of RepresentativesD. the party that has the majority of the SenateII. True or false: (20 points, 1 point each) (A = T; B = F)21. London is not only the largest city in Britain, but also the largest in the world.22. The Tower of London, a historical sight, located in the centre of London, was builtby King Harold.23. Glasgow is the largest city in Scotland.24. British government offers the Queen high political status and supreme power.25. British government is both a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy.26. Britain has no written form of Constitution.27. In 1215, King Egbert united England under his rule.28. By the 1880s the British economy was dominant in the world.29. The UK economy is thought of as one of decline because Britain is poorer and producing less than it was in 1945.30. In Britain, "Football hooligans" sometimes have violent clashes.31. Attending the Grand National was an activity in Shakespeare's time.32. Football was invented by Scottish people.33. In Britain people can go to the open university without having any formal educational qualifications.34. The University of Edinburgh is a privately funded university in Britain.35. The main government department such as the Foreign and Commonwealth Office also involves in making Britain's foreign policy.36. According to the author, Britain is a parliamentary democracy, so the government's foreign policy in theory represents the desires of its electorate.37. Australia is the world’s smallest continent and largest island.38. Green and gold became the national colors formally in 1984.39. The famous thermal region is on the North Island.40. In 1975, the Waitangi Tribunal was set up to receive complaints from Maoripeople and to address the mistakes made in the past by the European settlers.英语国家概况（1）试题答案第⼀卷I. Choose the best answer: (20 分，每⼩题1 分)1. (A)2. (D)3. (C)4. (D)5. (B)6. (A)7. (B)8. (B)9. (C) 10. (A)11.(A) 12.(C) 13. (D) 14. (A) 15. (C) 16. (C) 17. (B) 18. (A) 19. (B) 20.(A)II. True or false: （20 分，每⼩题1 分）21.(B) 22.(B) 23.(A) 24.(B) 25.(A) 26. (A) 27. (B) 28. (A) 29. (B) 30. (A)31.(B) 32.(B) 33.(A) 34.(B) 35.(A) 36. (A) 37.(A) 38. (A) 39.(A) 40. (A)第⼆卷I. Fill in the blanks: （22 分，每空2 分）1. (the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland)2. (overrule the parliament)3. (Prime Minister)4. (The National Health Service)5. (Football Association Cup)6. (Guy Fawkes Night)7. (the UN Security Council)8. (Reading news papers, listening to radio)9. (God Save the Queen)10. (the House of Representatives)11. (New Zealanders having European ancestry)II. Answer the following questions: （18 分，每题2 分）1. The Normans under William of Normandy conquered England.2. It consists of the Lords Spiritual and the Lords Temporal.3. They are Conservative party, Labor party and the Liberal Democrats.4. They are primary industries, secondary industries and tertiary industries.5. Because they hope their children can receive better education so that they can get intobetter universities or find a better job.6. It is influenced by its imperial history, its geopolitical traits and its relationship with theUS.7. It stands for the British Broadcasting Corporation.8. Because Britain needed new places to transform its criminals.9. They are Britain and other European countries and the US..III. Explain the following in English: (20 分，每⼩题4 分)1. They were two groups of Germanic peoples who settled down in England from the 5thcentury. They were regarded as the ancestors of the English and the founders ofEngland.2. It’s a statement put forward by an MP for the House of Commons to vote on saying that “This house no longer has confidence in the Government”. If the government loses a “vote of no confidence” it is forced to resign and call a general election.3. The Romantic Movement started at the end of the 18th century and the beginning of the19th century. The spirit of Romanism places emphasis on nature, originality, theemotional and personal. The great poets then are Keats, Shelley and Wordsworth.4. Comprehensive schools are the most popular secondary schools in Britain today. Suchschools admit children without reference to their academic abilities and provide a general education.5. The Commonwealth is a voluntary association of states which is made up of mostly offormer British colonies. It was set up as a forum for continued cooperation and as a sortof support network.。
英语国家概况（阅读）1、Which of the following statements is NOT true?C.The Social Democratic and Labour Party is a very important politicalparty in Britain2、Which of the following statements is NOT correct?D.Parliament has no power to change the terms of the Constitution.3、To get a bachelor’s degree, an American undergraduate student is required to do the following except ____.C.taking certain subjects such as history, language and philosophy4、Which of the following is the only branch that can make federal laws, and levy federal taxes?B.The legislative.5、Which one of the following is NOT particularly British Christmas tradition?C.Eating chocolate eggs on Easter Day.6、Which of the following statements is NOT true about blacks after the 1960s?A.Blacks felt that they could be fully integrated into the mainstream of American life.7、The New Deal was started by ___. A.Franklin Roosevelt.8、Which of the following is NOT based on the fact?A.Members of Parliament elect the Prime Minister and the Cabinet.9、Three of the following are characteristics of London, Which of the four is the EXCEPTION?C.London is not only the largest city in Britain, but also the largest in the world10、In order to go to university, secondary school students in the US must meet the following requirements except that ___.D.They pass the college entrance examinations11、Which of the following statements is NOT correct?When the War of Independence was over, ___.D.the relationships between the states and the national government were clearly defined.12、Which of the following about the tabloids is not true?A.They are big format newspapers.13、In the 17th century,the English government encouraged people from Scotland and Northern England to emigrate to the north of Ireland, because ____.A.they wanted to increase its control over Ireland14、The largest religion in the US is ___. B.Christianity15、Which of the following is NOT a feature of the House of Lords?C.The lords are expected to represent the interests of the public.16、Which of the following expressions represents the core value of the mainstream society in the USA?A.“Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.”17、According to the Good Friday Agreement, Northern Ireland today should be governed by the following jurisdictions except _____.B.The jurisdiction of loyalist ministers18、Which of the following is NOT a power of the president?C.The president can make laws.19、If a student wants to go to university in Britain, he will take the examination called ____.A.General Certificate of Education – Advanced.20、What happened in 1215?B.Forced by barons, King John signed the Magna Carta.21、Which of the following is truly a sport of the royal family?D.Horse racing.22、The expenditure in American public schools is guided or decided by ____. D.boards of education23、Which of the following statements is not true about the British media?B.They are mainly interested in making huge24、Which of the following is NOT a true descriptio n of the Queen’s role?A.The Queen selects the Prime Minister and the Cabinet.25、In the examination called “the 11 plus”, students with academic potential go to ____. A.grammar schools.26、How many seats in the House of Commons should a party hold at least in order to win in the election? B.32627、In the United States, people go to church mainly for the following reasons except for ___. A.finding a job in society28、Where are international tennis championships held in the UK?B.Wimbledon29、The following were the founding fathers of the American Republic except ____. C.William Penn30、The Tower of London, a historical sight, located in the centre of London, was built by ____.D.William the Conqueror31、Historic moment of the civil rights movement was the March on Washington of August 28, 1963 when _______ delivered his “I Have a Dream” speech. C.Martin Luther King, Jr.32、“No taxation without representation” was the rallying cry of ____.D.The people of the 13 colonies on the eve of the American Revolution33、Which of the following sports was NOT invented in Britain? C.Basketball34、Which of the following is NOT true about Britain?D.It used to be one of the superpowers in the world35、In the early 1970s, the IRA _____.D.carried out a series of bombing and shooting and attacked the security forces as their、main target36、Who were the ancestors of the English and the founders of England?A.The Anglo-Saxons37、Which of the following about the BBC is NOT true?C.The BBC has four channels.38、Which of the following is NOT a true description of the situation of ethnic minorities in the UK?A.They are well represented in the British Parliament.39、In the US school systems, which of the following divisions is true？C.elementary school, secondary school.40、Which of the following is NOT guaranteed in the Bill of Rights?B.The freedom of searching a person’s home by police.41、When did Scotland join the Union by agreement of the English and Scottish parliaments? D.In 170742、Which of the following is a privately funded university in Britain?D.The University of Buckingham.43、The following were the main Reformation leaders except _____.B.Martin Luther King44、Who was the author of the popular play The Melting Pot which was associated with life in America since the late 18th century?D.Israel Zangwill.45、Which of the following is NOT related to the Constitution?A.It is a written document which lists out the basic principles for government.46、Which of the following is NOT true about the British education system?D.It is dominated by the state.47、Which of the following is NOT considered a characteristic of London?D.The sports centre48、Which of the following subjects are NOT offered to elementary school students in the US?B.Politics and business education.49、Which of the following statements was correct around the time of the American Revolution?A.The American had the mixed blood of Europeans or their descendants.50、In Britain, the great majority of parents send their children to ____.C.state schools.51、Which one of the following does NOT belong to the Protestant Church?D.Catholics52、Which of the following is NOT the reason for the higher arrest rates among minority groups?A.The aggressive nature of these groups.53、By whom is a “vote of no confidence” decided?A.The House of Commons.54、The main mountain range in the west of the US stretching from the Canadian border to New Mexico is ___. B.the Rocky Mountains55、Easter commemorates ____. D.the Crucifixion and Resurrection of JesusChrist.56、Which of the following is NOT included in the National curriculum?B.Children must sit in A-level exams.57、Who is the leader of the Conservative party at present?D.David Cameron58、In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16 ______.B.can legally receive completely free education.59、The majority of American Christians belong to the ____ church.C.Protestant60、Under whose reign was the Bill of Rights passed? B.William of Orange.61、Which of the following institutions is responsible for the making of the Internet? A.The US military.62、If you visit Alaska, you can NOT see _____ C.Surfers63、Which of the following is NOT true about life peers?B.They cannot sit in the House of Lords.64、Which group of people cannot vote in the general election?B.Lords in the House of Lords.65、Which of the following kings was executed in the civil war?C.Charles I66、Which of the following is NOT true about the characteristics of Britain?B.Differences of social systems between Scotland and Wales67、Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of British government?A.It offers the Queen high political status and supreme power.68、A free press is considered very important to the functioning of parliamentary democracy because _____.A.it plays a watchdog function, keeping an eye on the government.69、The theory of American politics and the American Revolution originated mainly from ___. D.John Locke70、Which of the following statements is NOT true?B.Wales was occupied by the Anglo-Saxons71、Which of the following description about the Conservative party is NOT true? D.It is known as a party of high taxation levels.72、During the early stages of the civil rights movement, the major integration strategy initiated by the Congress of Racial Equality was known as ____ at bus stations in the South. D.freedom rides73、Which of the following agreement is accepted by both Catholics and Protestants in Northern Ireland? C.The Good Friday Agreement74、Which of the following statements is NOT correct? When the Constitution was written, ___. A.there was a Bill of Rights in the Constitution.75、Which city is the capital in Scotland? B.Edinburgh76、Which of the following schools would admit children without reference to their academic abilities? prehensive schools77、Both public and private universities in the US depend on the following sources of income except ____. A.investment78、Which of the following websites are meant to cater to young tastes?B.Facebook.判断题：1、In the early 20th century, those dominating American life were mostlyWASPs. √2、In Britain, class and educational differences are reflected in thenewspaper people read. √3、Scotland was never conquered by the Romans. √4、The Good Friday Agreement was approved on 10 April 1998. √5、Secrecy is an important part of the voting process. √6、The US was founded on the principle of human equality, and in realitythe nation has lived up to that ideal. ×7、There are more Catholics thatn Protestants in the US. ×8、The main duty of the Congress is to make laws, including those whichlevy taxes that pay the work of the federal government. √9、The British Prime Minister is directly elected by the people.×10、The Conservative Party is the party that spent most time inpower.√11、A great moment for the civil rights movement was the March on Washington on August, 1963 when President Kennedy gave the famous " I Have a Dream" speech. ×12、In 1863, President Lincoln signed The Emancipation Proclamation which together with the 13th Amendament to the Constitution legally abolished the slavery.√13、When the War of Independence was over, the US was one unified nation as it is today. ×14、The theory of poltiics of the American Revolution came from John Locke,a French philosopher in the 17th century. ×15、The Labour Party is the oldest party in the UK. ×16、The stereotype of the English gentleman never applied to the majority of the British people.√17、Scotland was unified with England through violent means.×18、One of the things that decides whether an applicant can be accepted by a college in the US is his/her scores on the Scholastic Aptitude Tests.√19、The Commonwealth of Nations includes all European countries.×20、Critics of the affirmative action programs are of the opinion that this results in reverse discrimination.√21、The first English permanent settlement was founded in California.×22、According to the textbook, larger American universities are alwaysbetter, and more desirable universities are always more expensive.×23、The British media play an important role in shaping a national culture.√24、Easter is the biggest and best loved British holiday.×25、American university students have always liked to get degrees that are aimed at preparing them specifically for certain professions.×26、Public schools in the UK are part of the national education system and funded by the government.×27、The game of golf was invented by the Scottish.√28、" We Shall Overcome!" is a very famous song during the 1960s.×29、The president has the authority to appoint federal judges, and all such court appointment are subject to confirmation by the House of Representatives.√30、When the civil rights movement began, non-violent, direct action tactics like " sit-ins" and boycotts were he chief vehicle for social protest.√31、George Washington, Banjamin Franklin, and Abraham Lincoln were regarded as the founing fathers of the USA.×32、In the UK, a government cannot stand for longer than five years except in exceptional circumstances.√33、Britain is no longer an imperial country.√34、It is not very difficult to generalize about the American way of life.×35、Britain is both a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy.√36、The largest of the racial and ethnic minorities in the US now is the blacks, or Afro-Americans.×37、According the First Amendament to the Constitution of the United States, there would be a state-supported religion.×38、The world' s oldest daily newspaper is The Observer.×39、The 10 very short paragraphs which guarantee freedom and individual rights and forbid interference with lives of individuals by the government are called the Bill of Rights.√40、By the early 1760s, the 13 English colonies in North America were ready to separate themselves from Europe.√41、Most people in Scotland speak the old Celtic language, called " Gaelic" .×42、Horse racing is the true royal sport.√43、Free press has the function of keeping an eye on the government, and therefore it is called the watchdog of parliamentary democracy.√44、Sinn Fein is a legal political party in Northern Ireland.√45、It is no doubt that Britain is the oldest representative democracy in the world.√46、The purpose of British education is not only to provide children withliteracy and the other basic skills but also to socialize children.√47、Harvard College was originally founded to train government officials.×48、In the 1960s, three groups - Afro-Americans, Asia Americans and women - were dissatisfied with their lives.×49、Northern Ireland is often called " Ulster" after an ancient Irish kingdom once existed in this area.√50、Christopher Columbus discovered America in 1492.√51、Britain has a written constitution like most countries.×52、Thre are more than 100 Protestants sects in the US today.√53、There is more violence in the US than in other industrializedcountries.√54、Drug abuse in the US has come to be regarded as one of the most challenging social problems facing the nation.×55、The Open Univeristy uses many non-traditional ways to teach students, such as TV and radio broadcasts, correspondence, videos, and a network of study centers.√56、According to the textbook, there are two major political parties in the UK.×57、When people outside the UK talk about England, they mistake it as Britain sometimes.√58、Under a Constitutional Amendament passed in 1951, a president can be elected to only one term.×59、Super Bowl will decide the champion baseball team of the year in the US.×60、In Britain, the process of state-building has been one of evolution rather than revoltuion, in contrast to France and the US.√61、The anti-war teach-in by white students in Berkeley began the civil rights movement in the 1960s.×62、Ireland is part of Great Britain ×63、All secondary schools in Britain are run and supervised by the government.×64、The tradition of having Sunday off derived from the ChristianChurch.√65、Yellowstone National Park is the oldest national park in the US.√66、In the US, scientific and economic advance and rising material progress have been accompanied by a decline in religious observance.×67、John F. Kennedy was the first Catholic elected as the USpresident.√68、You must have the A-level qualification to enter British university.×69、The state of Hawaii is a big island in the central Pacific Ocean.×70、Northern Ireland today is governed by separate juristictions: that of Republic of Ireland and that of Great Britain.×71、It is commonly believed that Boxing Day involved the sport ofboxing.×72、The title of Prince of Wales is held by a Welsh according totradition.×73、Most British people are Protestants while most Irish people are Catholics.√74、Segregating blacks into separate schools was unconstitutional after the decision of the Supreme Court in 1954.√75、Aristrocracy as a class no longer exists in the UK.×76、Cardiff, the capital of Wales, is a large city.×77、Hollywood films give the wrong impressions that all Americansare rich.√78、The British state actively interferes with the decision of when, where, how and what children are taught.×79、It takes at least four years to get a bachelor' s degree from an institution of higher education in the US.√80、President Nixon' s administration was toppled because of the Watergate Affair.√81、The most exciting moment in baseball game is a homerun.√82、Queen Elizabeth II is both the head of the state and the head of government in the UK.×填空题:1、In 1966 the women' s movement in the US organized the NOW, that is_______. 答案：the National Organization for Women2、BBC stands for ___.答案：British Broadcasting Company3、normally, a british government can be in power for ___ years, ａndthen it has to resign ａnd hold a general election.答案：54、1968 was a violent and tragic year in US history in which ______ and____ were assassinated.答案：Kennedy, Martin Luthur King5、In Northern Ireland, most Irish population are ____ while most Britishpopulatin are Protestants.答案：Catholic6、The most important function of the Parliament is to ___.答案：legislate(make laws)7、Although the UK joined the EU, it decided to keep its own currency,the ___.答案：pound8、The Good Friday Agreement, known also as ____, was signed in 1998.答案：the Belfast Agreement9、The native people in the American continents are the ___.答案：Indians10、The British Parliament is made up of the Queen, the House of ___,and the House of ____.答案：Lords，Commons11、Today, the US has two major poltiical parties. One is the ____,and the other is the ___.答案：Democratic Party, Republican Party (顺序不分先后）12、The two oldest universities in Britain are ___ and ___.答案：Oxford,Cambridge13、In Northern Ireland, if you support the Queen, you are called a___; if you want Northern Ireland to remain part of the UK, you are called ____.答案：loyalist, unionist14、Eton and Winchester are the two most famous _____ in Britain.答案：public schools15、In 1689, Parliament passed _____to ensure that the King would neverbe able to ignore Parliament.答案：the Bill of Rights16、In 1620, a group of English puritans travelled on the ship ____to Massachusetts Bay and founded the second English settlement.答案：Mayflower17、In 1215, some barons and the Chruch forced King John to sign the____ to place some limits on the King' s poer.答案：Great Charter18、The first and the second Continental Congress were held in _____.答案：Philadelphia19、The three Germanic tribes migrating to England in the 5th centurywere ____, ____, and _____. They became the ancestors of the English people.答案：Angles, Saxons, Jutes20、In 43 AD Britain was invaded by ___.答案：Romans21、 A ___ system is one in which power is shared between centralauthority and its constituent parts.答案：federal22、The Congress is made up of two houses, namely, the House of ____and the ___.答案：Representatives, Senate23、Activists in the Anti-War Movement in the 1960s were protestingagainst the war in _____.答案：Vietnam24、The ____ are smaller format newspapers with colour photos and cathyheadlines.答案：tabloids25、In Britain, the official head of state is ___.答案：monarch (king orqueen)26、The UK has been a member of the ____ since 1973.答案：European Union(or, EU)27、The main author of Declaration of Independence was ___.答案：ThomasJefferson28、GCSE stands for ____.答案：General Certificate of Secondary Education29、The first English permanent settlement in America was founded in1607 in ____.答案：Virginia30、The island of Great Britain is made up of ___,___, and ___.答案：England, Wales, Scotland31、The Three Faiths in the US refer to Protestant, __, and ___.答案：Jewish, Catholic (不分先后）32、To watch the BBC programs, viewers must buy a ___ every year fortheir TV set.答案：licence33、For American high school students, the SATs are very importantexams. Here SAT stands for _____________.答案：Scholastic Apititude Test34、In the US, the judicial branch is headed by the ___.答案：Supreme Court35、____ was the first woman Prime Minister in the UK.答案：MargaretThatcher36、The WWW, which stands for ______, began in the US as a Cold Warmilitaryinnovation. 答案：world-wide web37、The IRA stands for ____.答案：Irish Republican Army38、The capitial of Scotland is ____.答案：Edinburgh39、The full name of the UK is ______.答案：the United Kingdom of Great Britainand Northern Ireland40、GCEA stands for ___.答案：General Certification of Education-Advanced41、The first Catholic president in the US was ___.答案：J.F. Kennedy42、Every child in the US is guaranteed up to ____ years of education.答案：1343、There are three major parties in the UK, ____, ____, and the LiberalDemcratic Party.答案：the Conservative Party, the Labour Party44、The ____ refers to black and white civil rights activiststravelling together on buses to challenge segregation laws.答案：freedom rides45、The capital city of Northern Ireland is ___.答案：Belfast46、Public and private colleges depend on three sources of income:student tuition fee, ____ and government funding.答案：endowments47、American mainstream culture develops from the so-called WASPculture. Here WASP stands for ___.答案：White Anglo-Saxon Protestant48、The real center of political life in the UK is in the ____.答案：parliament名词翻译：1、Bloody Sunday 答案：血腥星期天2、Conservative Party 答案：保守党3、grammar school 答案：文法学校4、Senator 答案：参议员5、the Supreme Court 答案：最高法院6、Prime Minister 答案：首相7、ruling party 答案：执政党8、IRA 答案：爱尔兰共和军9、Credit 答案：学分10、Eton Public School 答案：伊顿公学11、No taxation without representation 答案：没有代表权就不纳税12、The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 答案：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国英语国家概况13、Check and Balance答案：权力制衡14、comprehensive school 答案：综合学校15、the Congress 答案：（美国）国会16、Constitutinal Monarchy 答案：君主立宪制17、Commonwealth of Nations 答案：英联邦18、Liberal Democratic Party 答案：自由民主党19、compulsory education 答案：义务教育20、The Bullet and the Ballot Box 答案：暴力和民主手段21、the Bill of Rights 答案：《权利法案》22、community college 答案：社区学院23、vocational school 答案：职业学校24、the Declaration of Independence 答案：独立宣言25、European Union 答案：欧盟26、opposition party 答案：在野党27、the Boston Tea Party 答案：波士顿茶党28、Continental Congress 答案：大陆会议29、Endowment 答案：捐款30、the House of the Commons 答案：下议院（或，平民院）31、the House of the Lords 答案：上议院（或，贵族院）32、Separation of Powers 答案：三权分立33、Cabinet 答案：内阁34、Home Rule movement 答案：自治运动35、Scholastic Aptitude Tests (SATs) 答案：学习能力测试36、liberal arts 答案：文科37、member of parliament (MP) 答案：议员38、Labour Party 答案：工党考试范围为以下章节的内容：1. 上册第一单元，英国概况简介2. 上册第二单元，北爱尔兰问题3. 上册第三、四单元，英国政治4. 上册第七单元，英国教育5. 上册第十单元，英国节假日和运动6. 下册第三单元，美国早期历史7. 下册第四单元，美国政治8. 下册第六单元，美国宗教9. 下册第八单元，美国教育10.下册第九、十单元，美国社会运动11. 下册第十一、十五单元，美国生活方式期末考试题型为单选题、判断正误题、填空题和专有名词翻译题，题目选自上述各章课后练习。
UKUTIL11. The British Isles are made up of ______C_.A. three large islands and hundreds of small onesB. three large islands and dozens of small onesC. two large islands and hundreds of small onesD. two large islands and dozens of small ones2. Which of the following is NOT a political division on the island of Great Britain?----C----A. England.B. Scotland.C. Northern Ireland.D. Wales.3. Britain is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the __B_____ and the North Sea in the east.A. eastB. southC. westD. north4. The Republic of Ireland was totally independent in the year __D_____.A. 1920B. 1945C. 1918D. 19495. The highest mountain in Britain, Ben Nevis, lies in __A____.A. the HighlandsB. the Southern UplandsC. the Central LowlandsD. the Lake District6. The British Empire was replaced by the British Commonwealth or the Commonwealth of Nations in ___B_______.A. 1921B. 1931C. 1945D. 19507. The mountain system the Pennines is often called the backbone of __A_____.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. Great BritainD. Ireland8. The regional capital of Northern Ireland is ____D___.A. GlasgowB. EdinburghC. CardiffD. Belfast9. Which of the following statements about the climate in Britain is NOT true?-----B-------A. Britain’s climate is of the maritime type.B. Winters in Britain are extremely cold.C. Summers in Britain are cool.D. Britain is warmer than Harbin in winter.UTIL21. The English people and the English language were born from the union of _____D___.A. the Angles and the SaxonsB. Romans and the Norman FrenchC. Danes or Vikings and the Norman FrenchD. Norman conquerors and the defeated Anglo-Saxons2. The first known settlers of Britain were __A_____.A. the IberiansB. the Beaker FolkC. the CeltsD. the Romans3. About 80,000 Scots speak Gaelic which is an ancient ___D______.A. Scottish languageB. English languageC. Irish languageD. Celtic language4. About three million people have migrated to Britain since World War II. They are mainly from the West Indies, India and ___D_______.A. IndonesiaB. SingaporeC. Hong KongD. Pakistan5. In Britain _______ of the population is urban and __A_____ is rural.A. 90% ; 10%B. 80% ; 20%C. 70% ; 30%D. 60% ; 40%6. The ancestors of the Welsh were the ancient ___A_______.A. CeltsB. RomansC. NormansD. Britons7. The average population density in Britain is ___A___ people per square kilometer.A. 250B. 370C. 800D. 5008. During the 5th century when the Roman Empire fell, the Germanic ____D_____ invaded and conquered Britain.A. Angles and CeltsB. Angles and PictsC. Angles and BrythonsD. Angles and Saxons9. The upper class in Britain consists of the following except ___D______.A. peerageB. gentryC. landownersD. professionals10. “Britishness”can be reflected in the following except __D_______.A. Union JackB. conservativenessC. the BeatlesD. Thanksgiving DayUTIL31. In 1066 Harold and his troops fought against William’s army on Senlac field near ___D_____.A. LondonB. NormandyC. StandfordD. Hastings2. The Plantagenet Dynasty was founded by ___B______.A. HenryB. Henry IIC. King JosephD. Count of Anjor3. English Reformation was carried out by __B_____ to change the religion in England from Catholicism to Protestantism.A. Edward VIB. Henry VIIIC.Mary ID. Elizabeth I4. King John was forced by the barons to sign the ___D____ which restricted the King’s power.A. Bill of RightsB. Petition of RightC. Provisions of OxfordD. Great Charter5. Simon de Montfort’s reform is considered to be the beginning of English _A______.A. parliamentB. cabinetC. constitutionD. liberty6. From 1649 to 1658 England was called a Commonwealth. It was ruled first by Oliver Cromwell as ___A____.A. Lord ProtectorB. Lieutenant GeneralC. Commander of the New Model ArmyD. President7. William of Orange started Constitutional Monarchy by accepting __A_____ in 1689.A. Bill of RightsB. Petition of RightC. Provisions of OxfordD. Great Charter8. The 1851 London Great Exposition was held in the Crystal Palace which was designed by Queen ____C___’s husband Albert.A. MaryB. Elizabeth IC. VictoriaD. Anne9. The British Prime Minister who led the British to defeat Nazi Germany is ___A____.A. ChurchillB. ChamberlainC. MacDonaldD. Macmillan UTIL41. The British constitution is made up of the following EXCEPT ____A_______.A. Commonwealth lawB. statute lawC. common lawD. ancient documents2. The House of Commons is elected by universal suffrage and has about ___A________ Members of Parliament.A. 650B. 660C. 670D. 6803. British Conservative Party was formerly called __B_____ Party in the 18th century.A. WhigB. ToryC. LiberalD. Nationalist4. The United Kingdom is governed in the name of ____D_______, by ___________.A. the King; the Prime MinisterB. the Queen; the Prime MinisterC. the Prime Minister; His or Her Majesty’s GovernmentD. the Sovereign; His or Her Majesty’s Government5. ___A_____ is the “supreme governor”of the Church of England.A. The monarchB. The Archbishop of YorkC. The Archbishop of CanterburyD. The Roman Pope6. In Britain the citizens aged ____B________ or over have the right to vote.A. 16B. 18C. 21D. 307. By tradition, the leader of the majority party is appointed ______A______ by the Sovereign inthe United Kingdom.A. Prime MinisterB. Member of ParliamentC. Lord of AppealD. Speaker of the House8. The Liberal Democratic Party is the combination of the Social Democratic Party and ______C_______.A. the Conservative PartyB. the Labour PartyC. the Liberal PartyD. the Green Party9. Parliament has the following functions EXCEPT ___C_________.A. making lawB. authorizing taxation and public expenditureC. declaring warD. examining the actions of the governmentUTIL51. All criminal trials are held in open court because the criminal law presumes the __C_____ of the accused until he has been proven guilty beyond reasonable doubt.A. guiltB. impartialityC. InnocenceD. honesty2. In England, Wales, and Northern Island, people between the age of ___A______ and 70 whose names appear on the electoral register are liable for jury service and their names are chosen at random.A. 18B. 19C. 20D. 213. The jury consists of ordinary, independent citizens summoned by the court: 12 in England, Wales and Northern Island, and ___D________ in Scotland.A. 12B. 13C. 14D. 154. Whether the accused is guilty or innocent is decided by ___B______.A. the policemenB. the juryC. the judgeD. the sheriff5. The ultimate court of appeal in civil cases throughout the Scotland is ___A______.A. the Supreme Court of the United KingdomB. the Court of AppealC. the High Court of JusticiaryD. the House of Lords6. In England and Wales the highest judicial appointments are made by the Queen on the advice of __C______.A. the Lord ChancellorB. the Home SecretaryC. the Prime MinisterD. the Attorney General7. Criminal cases in England and Wales may NOT be tried in ___C_________.A. the Magistrates’CourtB. the Court of AppealC. the High CourtD. the Crown Court8. The three “lay”magistrates that make up a Magistrates’Court in Britain are known as ___A______.A. Justices of the PeaceB. stipendiary magistratesC. Justices of LawD. part-time magistrates9. The most serious criminal offences in Scotland are tried in _____C_____.A. the District CourtB. the Sheriff CourtC. the High Court of JusticiaryD. the Crown Court UTIL61. The economic policy Britain pursued in the 1950s and 1960s was based on the theory of __B_____.A. Adam SmithB. John Maynard KeynesC. Margaret ThatcherD. Karl Marx2. Under Margaret Thatcher Britain experienced __B____.A. economic recessionB. economic expansionC. economic declineD. economic depression3. Which of the following is NOT true of Britain’s agriculture?-----D-------A. British farming is highly mechanized.B. Agriculture in Britain is intensive.C. British farming is very efficient.D. Britain’s agriculture can produce enough food for its people.4. In Britain less than ___A_____ of the population are farmers.A. 2%B. 4%C. 6%D. 10%5. In the ___C___ Britain became a net exporter of oil.A. 1960sB. 1970sC. 1980sD. 1990s6. To stimulate economic recovery, the Thatcher Government carried out all the following policies but __B____.A. privatizationB. interventionismC. deregulationD. market liberalization7. Britain is the _D___ largest trading nation in the world.A. thirdB. fourthC. fifthD. sixth8. British oil fields were discovered on the __D_____.A. English ChannelB. Irish SeaC. Norwegian SeaD. North Sea9. Which of the following is not included in the new industries in Britain?-----D----A. Microprocessors.B. Computers.C. Biotechnology.D. Motor vehicles. UTIL71. The National Health Service (NHS) was established in the United Kingdom in ___C______.A. 1946B. 1947C. 1948D. 19492.____B____ is directly responsible for the NHS.A. Local governmentB. Central governmentC. V oluntary organizationsD. Certain social boards3. In Britain, children up to the age of ____D__ can receive family allowances for children.A. 11B. 12C. 15D. 164. In Britain, pensions for the elderly, or retirement benefits, begin for women at the age of ___C_____.A. 50B. 55C. 60D. 655. In England the NHS is managed by the __B______.A. Department for Work and PensionsB. Department of HealthC. Social Security AgencyD. Social Services Department6. The National Health Service in Britain provides a full range of medical services for __C_____.A. employeesB. residents aged between 18-60C. every residentD. residents aged over 607. Social Security in the UK is the government’s most expensive program, costing __C___ of public funding.A. 20%B. 25%C. 30%D. 35%8. A family doctor in Britain is also known as a __C____.A. general doctorB. general pharmacistC. general practitionerD. family practitioner9. In 2001 people in marriage accounted for __B_____ of the adult population in Britain.A. 60%B. 55%C. 50%D. 45%10. Houses have traditionally been divided into following types EXCEPT __D____.A. detached houseB. semi-detached houseC. terraced houseD. attached house UTIL81.____B____ is the largest of the Free Churches.A. The BaptistsB. The Methodist ChurchC. The Roman Catholic ChurchD. The Church in Wales2. Established Churches in Britain are _____D______.A. Church of England and Church of WalesB. Church of Wales and Church of ScotlandC. the Anglican ChurchesD. Church of England and Church of Scotland3. The Free Churches do NOT include ___A______.A. the Church of EnglandB. the Methodist ChurchC. the Baptist ChurchD. the United Reformed Church4. The principal non-Christian communities in Britain are ___D____.A. the MoslemsB. the BuddhistsC. the HindusD. the Jews5. The Church of Scotland is a ___C_____ church.A. MethodistB. BaptistC. PresbyterianD. Catholic6. In Great Britain, the ____A_______ is uniquely related to the Crown.A. Church of EnglandB. Church of ScotlandC. Church of IrelandD. Church of Wales7. The members of ____D___ in Britain have also been known as dissenters or nonconformists.A. the Anglican ChurchB. the Church of EnglandC. the Roman Catholic ChurchD. the Free Churches8. The Church of England has two provinces. They are ___A_____.A. Canterbury and YorkB. London and YorkC. Durham and CanterburyD. London and Winchester UTIL91. There are some __C_____ universities in Britain, including the Open University.A. 70B. 80C. 90D. 1002. The Universities of Oxford and Cambridge date from the _____A________ centuries.A. 12th and 13thB. 13th and 14thC. 14th and 15thD. 15th and 16th3. The usual age for transfer from primary to secondary schools is ____D_________ in England, Wales and Northern Ireland.A. 14B. 13C. 12D. 114. In Britain, private schools are often called ___D___.A. comprehensive schoolsB. grammar schoolsC. secondary modern schoolsD. independent schools5. In Britain, higher education is usually defined as advanced courses of a standard higher than ____B____ or equivalent.A. GCE O-LevelB. GCE A-LevelC. GCE AS-LevelD. GCSE6. In Britain, education at primary levels emphasizes the following EXCEPT ____D________.A. readingB. writingC. arithmeticD. science7. The following universities belong to “red-brick”universities EXCEPT ____D_____.A. University of LeedsB. University of LiverpoolC. University of ManchesterD. University of Glasgow8. The leading scientific society in Britain is ___D_____.A. the British Association for the Advancement of ScienceB. the Royal InstitutionC. the British AcademyD. the Royal SocietyUTIL101. The largest and the most important museum in Britain is _____A_______.A. the British MuseumB. the Victoria and Albert MuseumC. the Imperial War MuseumD. the National Gallery2. Britain’s most popular pastime is ____B________.A. reading newspaperB. watching TVC. playing footballD. horse racing3. The Times is a _____A_______ newspaper in Britain.A. quality dailyB. popular dailyC. quality SundayD. mid-market daily4. The Daily Mirror is a ____B_____ newspaper in Britain.A. quality dailyB. popular dailyC. popular SundayD. mid-market daily5. Football has its traditional home in ___A________.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. FranceD. Italy6. ______C_______ is the most typical English sports.A. FootballB. RugbyC. CricketD. Horse racing7. Of the following four sports, _____A________ has the longest history.A. cricketB. golfC. footballD. rugby8. The Beatles was a band formed by four boys from ____B_____.A. ManchesterB. LiverpoolC. LondonD. EdinburghUSAUTIL11. The United States of America is the ____D________ country in the world in size.A. largestB. second-largestC. third-largestD. fourth-largest2. ____B________ extend from the northern tip of Maine southwestern to Alabama.A. The Rocky MountainsB. The Appalachian HighlandsC. The Coast MountainsD. The Blue Mountains3. The climate of the United States is influenced by ____D________.A. the Atlantic and Pacific OceansB. the Gulf of MexicoC. the Great LakesD. All of the above4. What is the leading commercial crop of the south?-----B-----A. Cotton.B. Tobacco.C. Sugar cane.D. Rice.5. What Midwestern city is the automobile capital of the world?---B-----A. Chicago.B. Detroit.C. Milwaukee.D. Cleveland.6. One of the most important lakes in the United States is __A_______, which is the largest fresh water lake in the world.A. Lake SuperiorB. Lake MichiganC. Lake HuronD. Lake Ontario7. New England lies in ___C_______ of the United States.A. the northern partB. the southern partC. the northeastern partD. the southeastern part8. The southern part of the Pacific coast in California has a ____D_______ climate.A. subtropicalB. continental desertC. maritimeD. Mediterranean9. The smallest state in the United States is ____B_______.A. WashingtonB. Rhode IslandC. HawaiiD. Maryland10. In the United States, the largest city along the Pacific coast is ____A_______.A. Los AngelesB. San FranciscoC. SeattleD. PortlandUTIL21. The British established 13 colonies along __C_______.A. the west coast of North AmericaB. the west coast of South AmericaC. the east coast of North AmericaD. the east coast of South America2. In the early 1850s, with the westward movement, the slavery became a serious political issue endangering the unity of the country because ___A______.A. whether or not slavery would expand into the future states formed as a result of the westward movement would affect the balance of power in the SenateB. the South insisted that slavery should be allowed to spread into all new territoriesC. the North refused to let slavery spread into new territoriesD. the North wanted to put an end to slavery3. The Progressive Movement wanted to ___A_____ in order to stop big business control.A. initiate strict government regulationB. have the government fix pricesC. break up all the big businessesD. do away with rebates4. The 1920s in the United States has been described as a period of _____D_______ .A. cultural revivalB. loss of purposeC. development in science and technologyD. material success and spiritual frustration5. The serious economic crisis in the late 1920s and 1930s was first brought about by _____D________.A. bank failuresB. serious unemploymentC. farm foreclosuresD. the stock market crash6. The purpose of the New Deal measures was to ___A_______.A. save American democracy and the capitalist systemB. check the worsening of the economic situationC. help people tide over the difficultyD. increase American export7. On June 5, 1947, ___A_____ suggested that the U.S. should offer economic aid to Western Europe so as to protect the region from Soviet expansion.A. George MarshallB. Franklin D. RooseveltC. George KennanD. Harry Truman8. At the time of Cuban Missile Crisis, the President of the U.S. was _____C_______.A. TrumanB. EisenhowerC. KennedyD. Johnson9. New Frontier and Great Society were programs initiated by __C_____.A. President KennedyB. President JohnsonC. Presidents Kennedy and Johnson respectivelyD. Presidents Johnson and Kennedy respectively10. The conservatism during Reagan’s administration was known as _____B________.A. the New LeftB. the New RightC. the New FrontierD. the New Freedom UTIL31.The current situation of African-Americans presents ___C____.A. a favorable pictureB. a negative pictureC. a mixed pictureD. a positive picture2. Although discrimination has been legally abolished, ___D_____.A. discrimination in employment still existsB. discrimination in university admission still existsC. poverty rate of the blacks is the highest among all racial and ethnic groupsD. inequality and subtle discrimination still exist3. The Cuban-Americans mainly live in __A____.A. FloridaB. TexasC. LouisianaD. Alabama4. Some people say Asian-Americans owe their success to the Asian tradition of the following EXCEPT ___D_____.A. familyB. hard workC. educationD. discrimination5. Now about 80% to 90% of immigration to the United States is from ___A____.A. Asian and Hispanic countriesB. African countriesC. European countriesD. Central and South American countries6. The first immigrants in American history came from ______A____.A. England and the NetherlandsB. IrelandC. West GermanyD. East Europe7. Among the major Hispanic groups in the United States, the largest group is __B_____.A. the Puerto RicansB. the Mexican-AmericansC. the Cuban-AmericansD. the Central and South American immigrants8. Among the major Hispanic groups in the United States, ___B_____ have the highest social status.A. the ChicanosB. the Cuban-AmericansC. the Puerto-RicansD. the Latin American immigrants9. The Native Americans are ___A_______.A. the IndiansB. the whitesC. the blacksD. the HispanicsUTIL41. The Supreme Court has original jurisdiction in ____D____.A. all kinds of casesB. cases involving foreign citizensC. cases involving a stateD. Both B and C2. Political parties are the basis of the American political system, ___D______.A. but there is no provision in the Constitution for political partiesB. and the Constitution has clear provisionC. but the founding fathers had strong apprehension of political partiesD. Both A and C3. The two major parties today have ___C___ differences in policy concentration.A. noB. littleC. someD. great4. The writers of the Constitution worked out the checks and balances in order to __A_____.A. prevent the government from misusing its powerB. prevent the government from being strongC. pacify those who opposed the ConstitutionD. meet the demands of small states5. The President of the United States is elected _D____.A. indirectly by the electorsB. by CongressC. directly by the votersD. None of the above.7. The U.S. President’s appointments have to be approved by ____B____.A. the House of RepresentativesB. the SenateC. the CabinetD. the Supreme Court8. The Supreme Court of the United States consists of one Chief Justice and _C_____ Associate Justices.A. 6B. 7C. 8D. 109. The two major political parties in the United States are __D_____.A. the Democratic Party and the Labor PartyB. the Federalist Party and the Democratic PartyC. the Federalist Party and the Republican PartyD. the Democratic Party and the Republican Party10. The U.S. Congress has the power to override the president’s veto by a _A____ majority.A. 2/3B. 3/4C. 3/5D. 4/5UTIL51. The United States ranks ___A_____ in the world in the total value of its economic production.A. firstB. secondC. thirdD. fourth2. The following are the factors that have contributed tothe development of the U.S. economy EXCEPT _____C_____.A. the vast space and resources of the landB. the ideals of freedom and economic opportunityC. English as its national languageD. hard work by the people3. What is America’s most important food crop?----A-----A. Corn.B. Rice.C. Barley.D. Oat.4. Service industries account for more than ___D______ of the U.S. gross domestic product.A. a thirdB. halfC. two thirdsD. three fourth5. The westward expansion is a demonstration ofAmerican __A______.A. individualismB. patriotismC. liberalismD. expansionism6. Hamilton believed that the United States should pursue economic growth through the following EXCEPT ___D_____.A. shippingB. manufacturingC. bankingD. slavery7. With the arrival of the 20th century, the United States became increasingly urbanized, particularly in the ____A_____ cities.A. NortheastB. NorthwestC. SoutheastD. Southwest8. The American South is a center of the following traditional crops EXCEPT ___D______.A. tobaccoB. cornC. cottonD. wheat9. As the world’s leading maker of industrial goods, the U.S. now produces around ___B______ of the world’s industrial products.A. 20%B. 25%C. 30%D. 35%10. In the United States, the following areas tend to specialize in high-tech and computer industries EXCEPT ___B_____.A. NortheastB. MidwestC. NorthwestD. SouthwestUTIL61. The American social security system includes the following programs EXCEPT ___C______.A. OASDHIB. MedicareC. MedicaidD. Unemployment Compensation2. Americans may start receiving their pensions at the age of __C_______.A. 55B. 60C. 65D. 703. The main federal welfare programs in the USA consist of the following programs EXCEPT___D______.A. MedicaidB. AFDCC. Food StampsD. Medicare4. Which of the following belongs to the religious welfare organization?----C---A. NCH.B. CWLA.C. CCHD. D. Ford Foundation.5. Among private foundations, which has become increasingly prominent in private charity activity?---D-----A. Rockefeller Foundation.B. Ford Foundation.C. Buffett Foundation.D. Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.6. Which of the following statement is NOT true about American health care services?----D----A. A sizable number of Americans still remain uninsured.B. The U.S. has top-quality medical facilities.C. Medicaid covers only about 40 percent of the poor nationwide.D. Compared with other developed countries, the United States spends less on health care.7. According to the healthcare reform proposed during the Obama administration, the government will require most Americans to have health insurance by ___D____.A. 2011B. 2012C. 2013D. 20148. Homes and houses give Americans the following sense EXCEPT ____D____.A. possessionB. material satisfactionC. personal identificationD. freedom UTIL7.1. There are currently ___D_____ district courts in the United States.A. 52B. 54C. 92D. 942. There are currently __B_____ courts of appeals in the United States.A. 10B. 11C. 12D. 133. ___C_______ argues cases for the government before the Supreme Court.A. Chief Justice of Supreme CourtB. Attorney GeneralC. Solicitor GeneralD. President of the United States4. District judgeships are filled by the President with the consent of ___C______.A. Chief Justice of Supreme CourtB. Attorney GeneralC. the SenateD. the House of Representatives5. Generally, the trial jury consists of ____B___ ordinary citizens.A. 1－6B. 6－12C. 12－23D. 23－306. Generally, the grand jury consists of ___C____ ordinary citizens.A. 1－6B. 6－12C. 12－23D. 23－307. The Supreme Court consists of a chief justice and ___B____ associate justicesA. 7B. 8C. 9D. 108. In the United States, people between the ages of __A_____ are the most inclined age group to commit crimes.A. 11－19B. 19－24C. 24－45D. 45－549. In some urban areas in the United States, murder is the main cause of death among non-White males between the ages of ____C____.A. 11－19B. 19－24C. 24－45D. 45－5410. As a rule, the implementation of state law is carried out by the police and detectives in the city, and by __D_____ in rural areas.A. sheriffsB. constablesC. magistratesD. both A and BUTIL81. To many Americans, education is important because _____D________.A. it contributes to the success of individualsB. it contributes to the strengthening of national strengthC. it prepares the young people for future developmentD. Both A and B 2. In the United States, public schools at the elementary and secondary level are _____D_________.A. freeB. compulsoryC. open to allD. Both A and C3. American schools fall into two categories, namely, _____A__________.A. public and private schoolsB. academic and vocational schoolsC. coeducation and single sex schoolsD. national and state-run schools4. In the United States, education policies are made by ______B________.A. the federal governmentB. the state board of educationC. local school districtD. board of trustees5. The governing board of school district is responsible for ______D_________.A. the hiring of teachers and staffB. the designing of a suitable curriculumC. the compiling and approving of budgetD. All of the above6. There is ______B_________ difference(s) in tuition rates between public and private institutions of higher learning in the U.S.A. noB. significantC. someD. not much7. The community college ______B_________.A. offers bachelor degreesB. offers associate degreesC. offers master degreesD. Both A and B8. Elementary and secondary education in the U.S. covers ___C____ years.A. 9B. 11C. 12D. 14。
British Survey TestPart I Geography2. England occupies the _____ portion of the U.K.A. northernB. easternC. southern D . western3. The most important part of the U.K. in wealth is _____.A. Northern IrelandB. EnglandC. ScotlandD. Welsh12. London is situated on the River of _____.A. ParretB. ThamesC. SpeyD. Severn43. _____ includes London, the centre of government for the whole nation.A. ScotlandB. Northern IrelandC. WalesD. Englandcapital of Australia is( ).D.MelbourneThe English Channel separates the island of Great Britain from _______A. DenmarkB. BelgiumC. The Netherlands3. Australia’s National Day falls on( ), the date of the first European settlement in Australia.26154116.( )granted Canada full legislative authority in domestic and external affairs. TreatyAmerican Actof Unionof Westminster8. General elections are held about every( )years in New Zealand with two main parties competing with each other.9. Most of Canada’s French Canadians live in the Province of( )Scotia14. Education in Britain is generally supported by( ).themselvessourcesfunds19. Abraham Lincoln belonged to( ).Federalist PartyRepublican PartyWhig PartyDemocratic Party20. Among the following,( )does not belong to New England, the birthplace of America.HampshireIslandUnion Jack refers to the National Flag of ________.A. the .B. the .C. AustraliaD. CanadaCBBDDADAACBBA1. The . is situated in _____ Europe.2. The full title of the . is the United Kingdom of _____ _____ and _____ _____.3. The . consists of England, _____, _____ and Northern Ireland.4. The largest part of . is _____.5. The capital of England and of Great Britain is _____.6. _____ _____ is composed of six Irish counties that elected to remain in the union with Great Britain.7. The name United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was replaced by the present name after the 26 counties of Ireland obtained autonomy in _____.8. The highest mountain in Britain is _____ _____.9. The “Backbone of England” refers to the _____.10. Natural gas was discovered in Britain in the _____ _____.11. The most important river is the River of _____.12. The political centre of the Commonwealth is _____.13. Belfast Lough and Lough Neagh lie in _____ _____.14. The climate of Britain is moderated by the _____ _____ _____ and is much milder than that of many places in the same latitude.15. Britain’s Industrial Revolution took place between _____ and _____.16. The Bank of England was founded in _____.17. The population of the . is more than _____ million.18. Britain is basically an exporter of _____.19. The population of the . consists of the English, the Welsh, the Scottish and the _____.20. In Wales many people speak _____.21. People sing the national anthem in _____.22. The earliest invasion is that by the _____-haired Mediterranean race called the Iberians.23. The modern _____ and _____ are the descendants of the Gaels of the Celtic tribes.24. The Britons of the Celtic tribes were the forefathers of the modern _____.25. Greater London is made up of 12 _____ London boroughs and _____ Outer London boroughs.26. The International festival of music and the arts is held every year in the city of _____.27. The British national anthem is _____ _____ _____ _____.28. The . lies to the _____ of France.29. Westminster, the area of central government administration is situated in the_____ End.30. River _____ flows through Glasgow.31. Mt. Seafell stands in _____.32. The source of the River _____ is in the Cotswolds.33. The capital city of Wales is _____.34. The United Kingdom is rich in _____, iron, tin, copper, lead and silver.35. Define the Following Terms36. “Backbone of England”37. Greater London38. Celts39. The “Irish Question”I. Answer the Following Questions1. What are the major factors influencing the British weather characterized by a moderate temperature and plenty of rainfall2. Why is United Kingdom said to be a trading nation3. What are the general characteristics of the British economy英美概况一答案Part II.DCBAA CAAAB ABBBB ABABD ACACB CBBCD BADAA CBABA CBDII.Northwestern Great Britain, Northern Ireland Scottish, Welsh EnglandLondon Northern Ireland 1921 Ben Nevis Pennines North Sea Thames London Northern Ireland Atlantic Gulf Stream 1750, 1850 1694 57 manufacture Irish Welsh English dark Scots, Irish Welsh Inner, 20 Edinburgh God Save the Queen North West Clyde England Thames Cardiff coal英美概况英国历史部分History1. Julius Caesar invaded Britain _____.A. onceB. twiceC. three timesD. four times2. King Arthur was the king of _____.A. PictsB. CeltsC. ScotsD. Jutes3. The first “King of the English” was _____.A. AlfredB. EgbertC. BedeD. Ethelred4. Christianity was introduced into England in the late _____ century.A. 14thB. 8thC. 6th5. In 1653 _____ was made Lord Protector for life.A. Oliver CromwellB. Charles IC. William IID. James I6. The three great Germanic tribes: the Anglos, the _____ and the Jutes which invaded Britain form the basis of the modern British people.A. SaxonsB. ScotsC. WelshD. Wessex7. The head of the church in Anglo-Saxon times was _____.A. the King of Denmark and NorwayB. the king of EnglandC. Julius CaesarD. the Archbishop of Canterbury8. The _____ invaded England in the earliest time.A. DanesB. IberiansC. RomansD. Celts9. The Vikings who invaded England at the turn of the 8th century came from _____.A. NorwayB. DenmarkC. FranceD. both A and B10. Edward was known as the “_____” because of his reputation for saintliness.]A. ConfessorB. ConquerorC. Protector11. Norman Conquest began in _____.A. 1016B. 1066C. 1035D. 110612. In history _____ was nicknamed “King of Lackland”.A. JohnB. Henry IC. Henry II13. In 1181 Henry II issued the _____ which made it compulsory for every freeman in England to be provided with arms.A. Inquest of SheriffsB. Assize of ArmsC. Doomsday Book14. Henry Plantagenet, in 1154, established the House of Angevin as _____.A. Henry IB. Henry IIC. Henry III15. Henry II appointed in 1162 _____ Archbishop of Canterbury.A. Thomas BecketB. Stephen LangtonC. Simon de Mortfort16. Charles I was beheaded in _____.A. 1649B. 1648C. 165317. It was _____ who summoned Model Parliament in 1295.A. Edward IB. Henry IVC. Simon de Montfort18. The Great Charter contained _____ sets of provisions.A. twoB. fourC. three19. The Peasants Uprising in 1381 was led by _____.A. Henry TurnerB. Watt TylerC. Richard20. The English Church was strictly _____.A. nationalB. internationalC. regional21. The Glorious Revolution in 1688 was in nature a _____.A. coup d’etatB. racial slaughterC. peasant rising22. The Industrial Revolution laid a good foundation for the _____.A. factory of the worldB. expansion of marketsC. social upheaval23. The American Revolution (the American War of Independence) broke out in _____ and ended in _____.A. 1775, 1783B. 1774, 1782C. 1786, 1784 , 178924. The Battle of Hastings took place in _____.A. 1606B. 1042C. 106625. The Great Charter was signed by _____ in 1215.A. King Henry IIB. King RichardC. King John26. In the early 14th century feudalism began to _____ in England.A. growB. flourishC. declineD. end27. It was _____ who published the book “The Rights of Man”.A. Thomas MoreB. Thomas PaineC. Thomas Jefferson28. The first Prime Minister was _____.A. WilmintonB. George GrenvilleC. Robert Walpole29. The Parliament of 1265 which is known as the “_____” is considered the “beginning of parliament”.A. All Estates ParliamentB. Model ParliamentC. Long Parliament30. The Anglo-French hostility which began in 1337 and ended in 1453 was known as _____.A. the Wars of RosesB. the Hundred Years’ WarC. Peasant Uprising31. In the first half of 17th century _____ grow rapidly in England.A. feudalismB. capitalismC. Catholicism32. Prime Minister _____ resisted any reform that could be resisted.A. PalmerstonB. Robert PeelC. Gladstone33. By the end of the Hundred Years’ War only the port of _____ remained under English rule.A. TroyesB. GasconC. Calais34. In the 14th century took place the _____, the severest of many plagues in the middle ages.A. EarthquakeB. Black DeathC. Drought35. _____ and his followers, known as Lollards, provided ideological preparation for the labour movement of the 14th century.A. John WycliffeB. Watt TylerC. Somerset36. By the end of the Wars of the Roses the House of _____ began.A. TudorB. LancasterC. Plantagenet37. In the “_____” of 1388 five lords accused the King’s friends of treason undera very expansive definition of crime.A. All Estates parliamentB. Merciless ParliamentC. Model Parliament38. In the Wars of the Roses the Lancastrians wire badges of _____ rose.A. whiteB. redC. pinkD. yellow39. The first Civil War in Britain lasted from _____ to _____.A. 1600, 1604B. 1640, 1644C. 1642, 164640. William Shakespeare is mainly a _____.A. novelistB. dramatistC. poetD. composer41. In 1689 the “Bill of Rights” was passed. _____ began in England.A. The Constitutional MonarchyB. All Estates ParliamentC. House of Lancaster42. The _____ carried on trade relations with Russia and central Asian countries.A. Moscow CompanyB. Eastland CompanyC. East India Company43. _____ started the slave trade in the second part of the 16th century.A. John HawkinsB. Francis DrakeC. Diaz44. In 1534 Parliament passed the “_____”, according to which Henry VIII was declared the head of the English Church.A. the Bill of RightsB. Act of SupremacyC. Act of Settlement45. Under Elizabeth I _____ was restored, and she was declared “governor” of the church.A. the Roman ChurchB. the Catholic ChurchC. the Anglican Church46. In 1337 the hostility between England and _____ resulted in the Hundred Years’ War.A. FranceB. SpainC. Russia47. The religious persecution mainly existed during the reign of _____.A. CromwellB. Charles IC. Henry VIII48. England first became a sea power in the time of _____.A. Henry VIIB. Elizabeth IC. Victoria49. The Industrial Revolution first started in _____.A. the iron industryB. the textile industryC. the coal industry50. From 1688 to 1783 English Parliament was mainly controlled by the party of _____.A. ToryB. WhigC. Labour51. The English Prime Minister during the Second World War was _____.A. ChurchillB. ChamberlainC. Baldwin52. At the End of _____ century, the East India Company was formed.A. 15thB. 16thC. 14th53. The Seven Years War between England and France lasted from _____ to _____.A. 1756, 1763B. 1713, 1720C. 1754, 176154. In 1689 Parliament passed “_____”, limiting the po wers of the crown.A. Habeas Corpus ActB. the Bill of RightsC. Navigation Act55. _____ contrasted the first successful steam locomotive.A. George StephensonB. Samuel CromptonC. James Hargreaves56. The “Peterloo Massacre” took place in _____.A. BirminghamB. LiverpoolC. Manchester57. Between 1911 and 1914 took place the following strikes except _____.A. railway strikeB. strike of the postmenC. coal strikeD. strike of the transport58. The Victorian Age was over the _____ began.A. Edwardian AgeB. Georgian AgeC. Elizabethan Age59. The _____ government surrendered to the British invaders and was forced to sign the first unequal Treaty of Nanjing in 1842.A. IndianB. QingC. IrishD. Spanish60. The Great Charter was essentially a _____.A. Culture MovementB. colonial documentC. feudal document61. _____ broke out two years after the Hundred Years’ War with France.A. The Bore WarB. The Wars of the RosesC. Queen Annes’ War62. The Reformation was a product of _____.A. the RenaissanceB. the Chartist MovementC. the Hundred Years’ War63. The greatest dramatist of the English Renaissance was _____.A. ShakespeareB. MiltonC. ChaucerD. Bacon64. The English Revolution marks the beginning of the _____ period of capitalism.A. feudalB. modernC. colonialD. medieval65. By the _____ in 1783, Britain recognized the independence of the US.A. Declaratory ActB. Treaty of ParisC. Treaty of MontgomeryD. Statue of Westminster66. The Chartist Movement began in _____ and reached its height in _____.A. 1845, 1858B. 1828, 1835C. 1839, 184867. In 1840 Britain launched an aggressive war against _____.A. FranceB. IndiaC. ChinaD. America68. _____ formed a coalition government in 1940.A. Winston ChurchillB. Lloyd GeorgeC. Neville Chamberlain69. By the _____ the British dominions became independent states in all but name.A. Statue of WestminsterB. Locarno TreatyC. Disputes Act70. The Fabians Society was founded in 1883, including intellectuals such as _____.A. William Shakespeare & Ben JonsonB. Christopher Marlowe & John MiltonC. G. B. Shaw & H. G. Wells71. Before WWII _____ relied on appeasement of the European dictators to reduce tensions that might lead to war.A. Neville Chamberlain A. Stanley BaldwinC. Winston Churchill72. During WWII, Britain, America, France, Soviet Union and other antifascist countries formed a united international alliance which was called _____.A. Locarno TreatyB. Grand AllianceC. Statute of Westminster73. The first coalition government during WWI was organized when _____ was the Prime Minister.A. Lloyd GeorgeB. Herbert AsquithC. Stanley Baldwin74. When Germany invaded _____ which was neutral, Britain declared war on Germany on 4 August, 1914.A. AustriaB. RussiaC. BelgiumD. Poland1. At about 3000 BC, some of the _____ settled in Britain.2. About 122 AD, in order to keep back the Picts and Scots, the _____ built Hadrian’s Wall.3. The real Roman conquest began in _____.4. _____ _____’s “Paradise Lost” was published in 1667.5. Beowulf, considered the greatest Old English poem, is assigned to _____ Times.6. _____ was considered the first national hero.7. On Christmas Day 1066 Duke _____ was crowned in Westminster Abbey.8. In history John was nicknamed King of _____.9. John signed the document in 1215, which in history was called the Great Charter or _____ _____.10. In 1086 William had his official to make a general survey of the land, known as _____ Book.11. The most famous scholar during Anglo-Saxon Times was _____.12. The Battle of _____ paved the way for the Norman Conquest to England.13. The Norman Conquest increased the process of _____ which had begun during the Anglo-Saxon Times.14. Duke William was known in history as William the _____.15. Along with the Normans came the _____ language.16. The English parliament originated in the _____ _____.17. The head of the _____ was Archbishop of _____.18. The _____ _____ in 1688 was in nature a coup d’etat.19. The People’s Charter included _____ points such as universal male suffrage.20. The corrupt Qing government surrendered to Britain and was forced to sign the first unequal Treaty of _____ in 1842.21. After the Crimean War _____ was forced not to fortify Sebastopol.22. The third collection of the poll tax in the early part of 1381 became the fuse of _____ _____ rising.23. The Wars of the Roses broke out between the _____ and the _____.24. The Enclosure Movement began in the _____ century.25. By the treaty of _____ in 1783, Britain recognized the independence of the US.26. In _____ Britain launched the Opium War against China.27. The East India Company formed at the end of the 16th century was one of _____ companies.28. After the Reformation the Roman Catholic Church was _____, the English Church was strictly _____.29. Mary I re-established Catholicism and burnt three hundred Protestants, for which she was called “_____” Mary.30. “Renaissance” means “_____”, . Europe rediscovering its origins in the cultures of ancient Greek and Rome.31. During the Renaissance, the thinkers who worked for freedom and enlightenment were called “_____”.32. The nature of the Wars of the Roses was a _____ _____ war.33. By the beginning of the Tudor reign the manor system was replaced by the _____ system.34. In the summer of 1588 the Spanish ships, the _____ _____ was defeated by English ships.35. The greatest English humanist was Sir _____ _____ whose work _____ became a humanistic classic in the world literature.36. English Renaissance began in _____ century.37. The House of _____ was notorious for its absolutist rule.38. During the Civil Wars (1642 – 1648) the supporters of Parliament were called _____ while the supporters of the King Charles I were called _____.39. In 1653 Cromwell was made _____ _____ for life and started his military dictatorship openly.40. The Seven Years War was ended by the Treaty of _____.41. The first two parties appeared in England were the _____ and the _____.42. The basic point of the People’s Charter is _____ _____.43. In 1764 James Hargreaves invented the _____ _____.44. From 1863 to the end of the century Britain had been carrying a foreign policy of _____ _____.45. The Parliament passed the Act of _____ in 1701, excluding James Catholic son from the succession.46. After Charles I was beheaded in 1649 England was declared a _____.47. In September 1939 Germany invaded _____, thus Britain and France declared war on Germany.48. The Industrial Revolution started during the last part of the _____ century.49. The steam engine was invented by _____ _____ in 1769.50. Samuel Crompton invented the _____ _____ in 1779.51. Edmund Cartwright invented the _____ _____ in 1785.52. Upon the completion of the _____ _____ by 1850 England became the workshop of the world.53. In 1868 the first Trade Union Congress met in _____.54. In 1534 Parliament passed the “_____ _____ _____”.55. On the eve of WWI the Triple Alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary and _____ was formed.56. The First World War was an imperialist war as well as a _____ war because itwas not confined only to Europe. It lasted _____ years.57. At the _____ _____ _____, the League of Nations was established and the Treaty of Versailles was signed.58. The _____ _____ of 1926 was Austen chamberlain’s chief claim to fame as foreign secretary.59. On May 7, 1945, _____ surrendered unconditionally.60. It was _____ _____ who led the country during the “miracle of Dunkirk”.61. When George I began the Houses of Hanover in 1714, the _____ system was established.Explain the Following Terms1. The Norman Conquest2. The Glorious Revolution3. The Chartist Movement4. The Opium War5. The Hundred Years’ War6. Black DeathAnswer the Following Questions1. What, in your opinion, are the main causes for the slow growth of Britain’s economy since the Second World War2. What is the importance Simon de Mortfort hold in British history (with special reference to his role in the creation of the Parliament system)What importance did King Alfred hold in British historyBBBAB DBACB BABBC C英美概况自测题（二）英国历史部分答案I. BBBCA ADBDA BABBA AACBA AAACC CBAAB BACBA ABBCB AAABC ABBBB ABABA CBABC BAABB CCAAC ABBC1. II. Iberians Romans 43 A.D John Milton Anglo-Saxon Alfred William Lackland Magna Carta Domesday Bede Hastings feudalism Conqueror French Great Council Church Glorious Revolution 6 Nanjing Russia Watt Tyler’s2. Lancasterians, Yorkists 15th Paris 1840 Chartered international, national Bloody rebirth humanists feudal civil money Invincible Armada Thomas More, Utopia 16th Stuart Roundheads, Cavaliers Lord Protector Paris Tory, Whig universal suffrage Spinning Jenny splendid isolation Settlement Commonwealth Poland18th James Watt Spinning Mule Power Loom Industrial Revolution Manchester Act of Supremacy Italy world, 4 Paris Peace Conference Locarno Treaty Germany Winston Churchill cabinet英语考研英美概况模拟题（三）英国文化部分CultureMultiple Choice1. All children in the UK must, by law, receive a full-time education from the ageof _____ to _____.A. 5, 16B. 6, 17C. 7, 18 D 8, 192. In state schools the letters A, B and C are often used to describe “_____” or parallel classes.A. gradeB. formC. streams3. Public schools belong to the category of the _____ schools.A. stateB. independentC. local4. The pupils who had got the highest marks in the “eleven plus” examination would go to _____ school.A. grammarB. technicalC. secondary modern5. Oxford and Cambridge are the oldest universities dating from _____ and _____.A. 1167, 1284B. 1234, 1325C. 1335, 14276. There are over _____ universities in Britain.A. thirtyB. fortyC. fifty7. The two features of Oxford and Cambridge are the college system and the _____.A. records of attendanceB. governing councilC. tutorial system8. The universities of St. Andrews, Glasgow, Aberdeen and Edinburgh are called the four _____ universities.A. oldB. newC. Scottish9. The _____ university offers courses through one of BBC’s television chann els and by radio.A. openB. newC. middle aged10. Buckingham University is and _____ university which was established in 1973.A. independentB. openC. old11. The second centre of the British press is in _____.A. LondonB. the Fleet StreetC. Manchester12. In Britain great majority of children attend _____ schools.A. stateB. independentC. religious13. In Britain education at the age from 5 to 16 is _____.A. optionalB. compulsoryC. self-taught14. The oldest university in Britain is _____.A. CambridgeB. EdinburghC. Oxford15. British newspapers possess the following features except _____.A. freedom of speechB. fast deliveryC. monoplied by one of the five large organizationD. no difficulty for independent newspapers to survive16. The earliest newspaper in Britain is _____.A. Daily MailB. Daily TelegraphsC. The TimesD. Guardian17. _____ is the oldest Sunday newspaper in Britain.A. Sunday TimesB. The ObserverC. The peopleD. News of the World18. The most humorous magazine is _____.A. New SocietyB. Private EyeC. PunchD. Spectator19. In the UK there are about _____ dailies and over _____ weeklies.A. 130, 1000B. 200, 800C. 160, 120020. There are _____ national daily newspapers which appear every morning except on Sundays.A. nineB. sevenC. eight21. The Daily Telegraph and Sunday Telegraph support the _____.A. Liberal PartyB. Labour PartyC. Conservative Party22. The Economist, New Statesman, Spectator are _____.A. journalsB. daily newspapersC. local papers23. BBC was founded in _____ and chartered in _____ as an independent public corporation.A. 1922, 1927B. 1292, 1297C. 1822, 182724. The Exchange Telegraph Co. Ltd. is a _____ news agency.A. publicB. governmentalC. localD. private25. The BBC is mainly financed by _____.A. payment from all people who possess TV setsB. the income from advertisementsC. some large corporationsD. British government26. The most famous broadcasting company in Britain is _____.A. British Broadcasting CorporationB. Independent Broadcasting AuthorityC. Reuters27. Reuters was founded in the year of _____.A. 1518B. 1815C. 185128. The new headquarters’ building of _____ is at 85 Fleet Street, London.A. BBCB. the Press Association Ltd.C. the Exchange Telegraph Co. Ltd.29. _____ is regarded as the most English of games.A. CricketB. SoccerC. Rugger30. _____ claims the highest popular attendance in Britain.A. Rugby footballB. Association footballC. Baseball31. _____ “pools” provide amusement for millions of people who bet on the results of matches.A. Association footballB. BaseballC. Cricket32. The annual _____ championships at Wimbledon, in London, are the most famous in the world.A. hockeyB. tennisC. netball33. _____ racing is chiefly a betting sport.A. HorseB. BoatC. Dog34. Hurdle or steeplechase racing takes up the winter months, leading to its climax in the Grand National Steeplechase at _____ in March.A. LondonB. EdinburghC. Liverpool35. It was _____ who first revolutionized scientific thought in Britain.A. Francis BaconB. Thomas NewcomerC. James Watt36. _____ discovered the circulation of food.A. Francis GlissonB. William HarveyC. George Stephenson37. The Royal Society was founded in _____ in _____.A. London, 1660B. Liverpool, 1660C. London, 176038. The Royal Society reached the summit of its prestige in 1703, when _____ became its president.A. Robert BoyleB. Issae NewtonC. Francis Bacon39. James Watt was a great _____ engineer and inventor.A. IrishB. ScottishC. English40. _____ developed atomic theory in the 18th century.A. John DaltonB. Francis GlissonC. Robert Boyle41. The minor’s safety lamp was invented by _____.A. Francis BaconB. William HarveyC. Humphy Davy42. Charles Robert Darwin Developed the theory of _____.A. evolutionB. immunologyC. virology43. _____ is considered the father of English poetry.A. Geoffrey ChaucerB. John MiltonC. John Donne44. Big Ben is the nickname of _____.A. Benjamin FranklinB. Sir Benjamin HallC. the 315-foot Clock TowerD. the QueenB45. The British Museum was founded in _____.A. 1659B. 1763C. 175346. The British Museum is financed by _____ funds and is managed by a board of 25 trustees.A. GovernmentB. individualC. local47. You could find the world-famous Speakers’ Corner in _____.A. Great RussellB. Hyde ParkC. Westminster Abbey48. _____ is the biggest and most well-known church in London.A. Whit ehallB. St. Paul’s CathedralC. Westminster Abbey49. _____ is the monarch’s present London home.A. Westminster PalaceB. Buckingham PalaceC. Whitehall Palace50. Stratford-on-Avon is the place where _____ was born in 1564.A. William ShakespeareB. Charles DickensC. Samuel ButlerFill in the Blanks1. There are two systems of primary and secondary education in Britain. They are the _____ school and the _____ school.2. The independent school or “_____” school is few in number but of grea t influence.3. The four types of state schools in the secondary education are the _____ schools,。
《英语国家概况》复习题及参考答案一Multiple choice ( 30’)( ) 1 As a result of the Black Death, much land was left untended and there was a terrible shortage of ___ in England.A grainB farm toolsC housesD labor( ) 2 In the late 17th century, two of most famous literary works were Pilgrim’s Progress and _________ .A the Jew of MaltaB the School of ArcheryC Novum OrganumD Paradise Lost( ) 3. In 1836, a group of skilled workers and _____ formed the London Working Men’s Association.A householdersB tenantsC small shopkeepersD office workers ( ) 4. In the Industrial Revolution, changes occurred earliest and quickest in the industry of ______.A. pottery B hardware C textiles D chemicals( ) 5. In Britain police officers are not allowed to join ________ or to go on strike.A a choirB a political partyC a trade unionD a club( ) 6 The Great Carter of 1215 is also known as _________.A People’s CharterB Magna CartaC King’s CharterD the Declaration of human rights( ) 7 Henry Ⅱ was the first king of the ________ dynasty.A MalcolmB PlantagenetC WindsorD Tudor( ) 8. __________ is the most typically English of sportsA CricketB GolfC TennisD Horse-racing ( ) 9. By the Treaty of ______ of 1842, China ceded _______ to Britain.A Nanjing, Hong KongB Tianjing, Hong KongC Nanjing, MacauD Tianjing, Macau( ) 10. In _______, the name Great Britain came into being.A 1689B 1702C 1701D 1707( ) 11. The serious economic crisis in the late 1920s and the beginning of 1930s was first brought about by ___.A the farm failureB the bank failuresC the stock market crashD the high unemployment( ) 12．What are the problems that the U.S. economy has faced from time to time?A InflationB DepressionsC RecessionsD all of the above ( ) 13．The real American literature began________.A after the war of IndependenceB after the Westward MovementC after the Civil WarD after the Civil Rights Movement ( ) 14. In 1900, the United States ranked first in the production of ____ .A coalB electricityC oilD wheat( ) 15. In the United States, if the parents don’t send their children to school at certain age, ________ .A the state government will be responsible for itB they will educate the children themselvesC they can save a lot of moneyD they are breaking the law( ) 16. The U.S. and China established their diplomatic relations in _____.A 1974B 1972C 1978D 1979( ) 17 In his inaugural speech, ______ said that “the only thing we have to fearis fear itself.”A Woodrow WilsonB Theodore RooseveltC Franklin D. RooseveltD George Washington( ) 18. One of the characteristics of the American people is _______ and it is said they are always ______.A liberty, debatingB aggressiveness, starting warsC mobility, on the moveD greediness, making money( ) 19. Hemingway’s most famous masterpiece was ______.A The Sun Also RisesB A Farewell to ArmsC For Whom the Bell TollsD Old Man and the Sea( ) 20. The system of higher education in the U. S. has three principle functions except ____-.A teachingB researchC public serviceD individual service following statements are T (true) or F (false) according to what you have learned. (10’)( ) 1 There are three political divisions on the island of Great Britain: Scotland, Wales and England.( ) 2 Under William’s rule, the freeman were at the bottom of the feudal system. ( ) 3 The English Civil War is also called the Glorious Revolution.( ) 4 In U.K, a Parliament has a maximum duration of 4 years.( ) 5 Christmas Day, December 25th, celebrates the birth of Christ, and is the greatest of Christian festivals.( ) 6 Chicago is known as the automobile capital of the world.( ) 7 Between 1850 and1880, many early Chinese immigrants to the United States worked in the mining industry, especially in the gold mines.( ) 8 The Pilgrims built a colony named Plymouth after they arrived in America. ( ) 9. The longest war that the United States has fought is the Civil War.( ) 10. Higher education in the U.S consists of six types of institutions.三Fill in the following blanks: (10’)1 In 1066, England was conquered by the _____________ who were led by William the Conqueror.2 The greatest writer in the English language is ____________________ .3 In criminal trials in Britain, the issue of guilt or innocence is to be decided by the ________ while sentence is to be passed by the _______________ .4 The dominant broadcasting corporation in Britain is ____________, which is controlled by the state.5 The most famous leader of the American Civil Rights movement in the 1960s was ______________________.6 The U.S. system of government has two layers of rule. They are the ___________ government and the ______ government.7. The National Day of the United States is ______.8 Between 1946 and 1961, more than 63 million babies were born in the United States, who were known as the ______________ generation.四Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions. (30’)1 What is the official name of Britain?2 What were the main causes of the Hundred Years’ War?3 What are the primary sources of British law?4 How was the 1920s in the United States described by many historians?5 What is the meaning of the “Lost Generation”?6. What were the two guiding principles underlying America diplomatic activities in World War Two?7. What are the three periods as far as the evolution the British economy since the Second World War is concerned?8. What kind of economic system does the United States have?9. Why is education very important to Americans?10. What does the British Parliament consist of?五Explain each of the following terms in English. ( 10’)1 Thanksgiving Day2 the Civil Rights Act of 1964六Write between 100-120 words on EITHER of the following topics. ( 10’)1. What is Thatcherism and what are the major components of Thatcherism?2.In what sense was the War of 1812 important to the development of the United States?参考答案一 1 DDCCC 6 BBAAD 11 CDAAD 16 DCCDD二 1 TFFFT 6 FTTFT三 1 Norman 2 Shakespeare 3 jury judge 4 BBC 5 Martin Luther King6 Federal State7 4, July8 baby boom四1 The official name of Britain is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Nortain Ireland.2 Tthe main causes of the Hundred Years’ War were partly territorial and partly economic.3 The primary sources of British law are: (1) Statutes of Parliament; (2) common law;(3) equity law; (4) European Community law.4 The 1920s in the United States has been described by many historians as a period of material success and spiritual frustration or confusion and purposelessness.5 The “Lost Generation refers to those who are both physically and spiritually impotent.6 The first was to win the war; the second was to establish a postwar political structure in accord with American interests and to prevent the Soviet Union from over-expansion.7 (1) Steady development in the 50s and 60s;(2) Economic recession in the 70s;(3) Economic recovery in the 80s.8 The United state has a free-market economy with a dominant private sector.9. Because it contributes to developing the national strength and personal success.10 The British Parliament consists of the Sovereign, the House of Lords and the House of Commons.五1Thanksgiving Day is a typical American holiday. It is an annual day of thanks for the blessings people have enjoyed during the year. The theme of thanksgiving has been peace and plenty, health and happiness.2 The Civil Rights Act of 1964 It was signed into law by President Jonson in 1964. It outlawed discrimination not only in public housing, but also in employment on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.六1：The election of 1979 returned the Conservative Party to power and Margaret Thatcher became the first woman prime minister in Britain. Her policies are popularly referred to as Thatcherism. It included:(1) the return to private ownership of state-owned industries;(2) the use of monetarist polices to control inflation;(3) the weakening of trade union;(4) the strengthening of the role market forces in the economy;(5) an emphasis on law and order.2 The war, however, had great impact on the development of the United States.（1）The war made people realize the importance of a strong national government.（2）The war strengthened the feeling of national unity and patriotism.（3）For almost 10 years after the war, the Americans turned their attention to the development of the western part of the continent.（4）It made both Britain and Unites States realize that their disputes should be solve through negotiation..Please write any three of the 13 colonies the British established along the east coast of North America between 1607 and 1733.。
北语23春《英语国家概况（II）》作业4试卷总分:100 得分:100一、单选题 (共 10 道试题,共 50 分)第一题，Who invented the game of basketball?<A>项.A Canadian<B>项.An American<C>项.A Dominican本题选择：B第二题，The Stevens family was known for their contribution to which of the following?<A>项.Airplane<B>项.Steamboats<C>项.Cotton gin本题选择：B第三题，Canada has two official languages: English and French. Where do most of the French-speaking people live in Canada?<A>项.Quebec<B>项.Alberta<C>项.Ontario本题选择：A第四题，In addition to such tactics as sit-ins, young students also added ____to educate people about the war in Vietnam.<A>项.teach-in<B>项.rock 'n'roll music<C>项.class boycott<D>项."march against fear"本题选择：A第五题，Is Canada the biggest country in the world?<A>项.Yes<B>项.No本题选择：B第六题，What is not an example of service industry?<A>项.Legal consulting<B>项.Banking<C>项.Hotels and restaurants<D>项.Computer manufacturing本题选择：D第七题，What is the idea behind checks and balances?<A>项.To help the president get more power。
北语23春《英语国家概况（II）》作业3试卷总分:100 得分:100一、单选题 (共 10 道试题,共 50 分)1.What are the original inhabitants of Canada now called?【题目A.项】The Indians【题目B.项】The First Nations【题目C.项】The Eskimos【本题.答案】：B2.Who is the Prime Minister of Canada at present?【题目A.项】Justin Trudeau【题目B.项】Pierre Trudeau【题目C.项】Jean Chirac【本题.答案】：A3.Which Canadian prime minister referred to the two world wars as " the vortex of European militarism"?【题目A.项】Lester Pearson【题目B.项】Wilfred Laurier【题目C.项】Pierre Trudeau【题目D.项】Brian Mulroney【本题.答案】：B4.In Vancouver schools, it is estimated that more than half of the students speak _______.【题目A.项】German【题目B.项】French【题目C.项】Mandarin Chinese【题目D.项】Cantonese【本题.答案】：D5.Which of the following is a tourist attraction in the United States?【题目A.项】Yellowstone National Park【题目B.项】The Babylon Garden【题目C.项】The English castle【题目D.项】The coral reefs【本题.答案】：A6.During the Second World War, the Japanese settlers in Canada were forced to move _______.【题目A.项】to east of the Rocky Mountains【题目B.项】back to Japan【题目C.项】to Pearl Harbour【题目D.项】to the east coast。
湖州职业技术学院2012---2013学年第二学期商务英语12级《英语国家概况》期末考查试卷（答案）特别提示：诚信是一个学生的良好品德，本次考试保证不以任何形式作弊，你如确认，请在下面内□打“√”。
□同意□不同意(1)__The White House____ (2)____ Sydney Opera House_____(3)__The Statue of Liberty_ (4)__bald eagle __(5)___William Shakespear___ (6)___Stonehenge ___Ⅱ. Decide whether the following statements are true(T)or false(F) (20%,2 points for each one)1.In Britain, all children enjoy a nine-year compulsory education.____F___2.In the USA, Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) is the entrance examinationto college.___T___3.Britain’s most famous universities are Oxford and Cambridge.___T____4.The author of the Harry Potter books is an American.___F____5. The great 19th-century novelist Sir Walter named this period as the Battle of Naseby, which lasted for about 30 years.___F____6. By an Act of 1791 Upper Canada (French) and Lower Canada (British) werecreated.___F____7. The federal system of the USA consists of three branches: parliament,president and the Supreme Court.____F___8. The American president is elected every four years to a four-year term, andno more than two full terms are allowed.____T____9. In the UK, Oxford is the oldest university in the high education system.____T____10. New Zealand has a parliamentary system of government closely patterned onthat of the United Kingdom and is a fully independent member of the Commonwealth. It has a written constitution.____F___Ⅲ. Fill in the blanks.(12%,1 point for each blank)1.The full name of the UK is the United Kingdom of Great Britain__and___Northern Ireland__.2.The US currency is __American dollar____.3.The previous party in power of the USA is ______Democratic Party___.4.The government of the UK is constitutional monarch, in which the Queen isregarded as __the Head of State_, and the __Prime Minister__is the head of government.5.The biggest religion in the USA is ___Christianity__.6.Known as the “__melting pot__”, the United States is another typicalmulti-racial country, with a population of 303 million, about 13.3% of which are African Americans, 12.5% Hispanics…7.__Governor-General ___is officially the representative of Queen ElizabethII, and acts only on the advice of the Canadian prime minister.8.In Canada, the Bill, which need three times reading and discuss, is sent tothe Senate and becomes the law.9.In British high education, students always ask themselves “What do youthink?” or “What do you know?” They respectively represent the educational idea of _Oxford_ and __Cambridge_.Ⅳ. Listing according to the requirements (38%, 2 point for each blank)Ⅴ. Vocabulary Building: Match each of the items on the left with its meaning on the right. (10%, 1 point for each blank)( j )1.Open University a. using two languages(g)2.constituency b. the revival of classical literature andartistic styles in European history( i )3.checks and balances c. the government branch that approves, amends, andrejects the laws( e )4.aborigines d. special period when American economy almostcollapsed( d )5.Great Depression e. native Australians before the coming of theEuropeans a( h )6.Maoris f. the top leader of the UK( b )7.Renaissance g. the body of voters represented by an electedlegislator or official( f )8.monarch h. the largest minority group of New Zealand ( c )9.legislature i. the supervision and restraints of governmentbranches in the USA( a )10.bilingual j. non-residential university requiring no entrance examⅥ. Tell what you know about the following in your own words, choose any 2 of 3.(8%, 4 points for every one)Comprehensive schoolsAbout 90% of secondary schools are comprehensive schools, which admitchildren without reference to their academic abilities. Pupils study everything from academic subjects like literature and sciences, to more practical subjects like cooking and carpentry.2.Oxford UniversityInformally “Oxford University”, or simply “Oxford”. Located in th e city of Oxford, England, it is the oldest university in the English speaking word.It is also regarded as one of the world’s leading academic institutions.3.Stanford UniversityLocated between San Francisco and San Jose in the heart of Silicon Valley, Stanford University is recognized as one of the world's leading research and teaching institutions.Leland and Jane Stanford founded the University to "promote the public welfare by exercising an influence on behalf of humanity and civilization."。
英语国家概况课后习题答案完整版一、选择题（答案在下面）I. Choose the one that best completes eachof the following statements.1.T he two main islands of the British Islesare .A. Great Britain and IrelandB.Great Britain and ScotlandC. Great Britain and WalesD.Great Britain and England2. is the capital city of Scotland.A. BelfastB. EdinburghC.Aberdeen D. Cardiff3.A ccording to a 2005 estimate, Britain nowhas a population of over million.A. 160B. 600C. 60D.164.A mong the four parts of the United Kingdom,is the smallest.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northern Ireland5.A lmost a quarter of the British populationlives in England.A. northeasternB. southeasternC. northwesternD. southwestern6.E nglish belongs to the group ofIndo-European family of languages.A. CelticB. Indo-IranianC.Germanic D. Roman7.T he introduction of Christianity toBritain added the first element of words to English.A. Danish and FinnishB. Dutchand GermanC. French and ItalianD. Latinand Greek8.T he evolution of Middle English wasreinforced by the influence.A. NormanB. DutchC. GermanD. Danish9.S amuel Johnson’s dictionary wasinfluential in establishing a standardform of .A. grammarB. handwritingC.spelling D. pronunciation10.At present, nearly of theworld’s population communicate in English.A. halfB. a quarterC. one thirdD. one fifth11.The attack on Rome ended theRoman occupation in Britain in 410.A. NormanB. DanishC. CelticD. Germanic12.By the late 7th century, becamethe dominant religion in England.A. Celtic ChristianityB.Anglo-Saxon ChristianityC. Germanic ChristianityD. Roman Christianity13.Westminster Abbey was built at the timeof .A. St. AugustineB. Edward the ConfessorC. William the ConquerorD. Alfred the Great14.The marked the establishmentof feudalism in England.A. Viking invasionB. signing of the Magna CartaC. Norman ConquestD. Adoption of common law15.The end of the Wars of the Roses led tothe rule of .A. the House of ValoisB. the House of YorkC. the House of TudorD. the House of Lancaster16.The direct cause for the ReligiousReformation was King Henry VIII’s effort to .A. divorce his wifeB. break with RomeC. support the ProtestantsD. declare his supreme power over the church 17.The English Civil War broke out in 1642between .A. Protestants and PuritansB. Royalists and ParliamentariansC. nobles and peasantsD. aristocrats and Christians18. was passed after the GloriousRevolution.A. Bill of RightsB. Act of SupremacyC. Provisions of OxfordD. Magna Carta19.The Industrial Revolution wasaccomplished in Britain by the middle of the century.A. 17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20th20.Britain faced strong challenges in itsglobal imperial dominance by the beginning of the century.A. 17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20th21.The British government is characterizedby a division of powers between three of the following branches with the exception of the .A. judiciaryB. legislatureC. monarchyD. executive22.The importance of the British monarchycan be seen in its effect on . A. passing the bills B. advising the governmentC. political partiesD. public attitude23.As a revising chamber, the House ofLords is expected to the House of Commons.A. rivalB. complementC.criticize D. inspect24.British Cabinet works on the principleof .A. collective responsibilityB. individual responsibilityC. defending the collectivismD. defending the individuals25.The main duty of the British PrivyCouncil is to .A. make decisionsB. give adviceC.pass bills D. supervise the Cabinet26.In Britain, the parliamentary generalelection is held every years. A. three B. four C. fiveD. six27. has a distinct legal systembased on Roman law.A. WalesB. EnglandC. ScotlandD. Northern Ireland28.Generally speaking, the BritishParliament operates on a system.A. single-partyB. two-partyC. three-partyD. multi-party29.The policies of the Conservative Partyare characterized by pragmatism and .A. government interventionB. nationalization of enterprisesC. social reformD. a belief in individualism30.The Labor Party affected the Britishsociety greatly in that it .A. set up the National Health ServiceB. improved public transportationC. abolished the old tax systemD. enhanced the economic development31.The British economy achieved globaldominance by the .A. 1860sB. 1870sC. 1880sD.1890s32.In , the British Parliamentpassed two important acts to establish awelfare state.A. 1945B. 1946C. 1947D. 194833.The in the early 1970s worsenedan already stagnant economy in Britain.A. oil crisisB. highinflation ratesC. large importsD.unemployment problem34.Of the following practices,does not belong to Thatcher’s socialwelfare reform.A. reducing child benefitsB. shortening the unemployment benefits periodC. reducing the unemploymentD. lowering old age pensions35.The Blair government has beensuccessful in all the following aspects except .A. limiting government spendingB. keeping inflation under controlC. reducing unemploymentD. reducing inequality36.Britain has devoted of its landarea to agriculture.A. 54%B. 64%C. 74%D.84%37.Britain’s important fishing areasinclude all the following except .A. the North SeaB. the English ChannelC. The sea area around IrelandD. The sea area between Britain and Ireland 38.Coal mining industry in Britainprovides of the energy consumedin the country.A. 1/3B. 1/4C. 1/5D.2/339.The car industry in Britain inmostly .A. foreign-ownedB. state-ownedC.joint-venture D. privately-owned40.Of the following sectors in Britain,has experienced spectacular growth sincethe end of Word War II.A. agricultureB. energy industryC.service industry D. manufacturingindustry41.In Britain, the division betweengrammar schools and vocational schoolswere ended by the introduction ofcomprehensive schools in the .A. 1930sB. 1940sC. 1950sD. 1960s42.About of British childrenreceive primary and secondary educationthrough the independent system.A. 5%B. 6%C. 7%D. 8%43.Partially funded by central governmentgrants, the British universities receive their remaining funds from all the following sources except .A. tuition feesB. loansC. donationsD. corporate contributions 44.Of the following, is NOT abasis of admission to Britain’s universities.A. result in national entrance testB. A-level resultC. an interviewD. school references45.To be admitted to the Open University,one need .A. some educational qualificationsB. no educational qualificationsC. General Certificate of Education-AdvancedD. General NationalVocational Qualifications46.Among Britain’s quality press, thefollowing newspapers are regarded as the“Big Three”with the exceptionof .A. The TimesB. The GuardianC. The ObserverD. The Daily Telegraph47.Life on Earth is a kind ofprogram produced by the BBC and is popularamong 500 million viewers worldwide.A. featureB. dramaC.documentary D. soap opera48. is Britain’s top paytelevision provider.A. BSBB. SkyTVC. BBCD.BSkyB49.Of the following, is NOT acommon feature of all the Britishholidays.A. families getting togetherB.friends exchanging good wishesC. friends enjoying each other’s companyD. families traveling overseas50.The following Christmas traditions areparticularly British except . A. Trooping the Color B. Queen’s Christmas messageC. Boxing DayD. Christmas pantomime51.The most significant achievement of theEnglish Renaissance is .A. poetryB. dramaC. novelD. pamphlet52. is viewed as Romantic poetry’s“Declaration of Independence.”A. “I Wondered Lonely as a Cloud”B. Don JuanC.“Preface to Lyrical Ballads”D. Prometheus Unbound53.Of Dickens’novels, isconsidered autobiographical.A. A Tale of Two CitiesB. David CopperfieldC. Oliver TwistD. GreatExpectations54. is a representative of EnglishCritical Realism at the turn of the 19thcentury.A. Robert Louis StevensonB. JohnMiltonC. Joseph ConradD. ThomasHardy55.Of the following statements,is NOT correct in terms ofNeo-Romanticism.A. It prevailed at the end of the 19th century.B. The writers were dissatisfied with thesocial reality.C. The writers believed in “Art for Art’s Sake”.D. Treasure Island was a representativework.56. is NOT included in themodernist group.A. Oscar WildB. VirginiaWoolfC. William Butler YeatsD. T.S. Eliot57.Of the following books, was NOTwritten by Thomas Hardy.A. Jude the ObscureB. Tessof the D’UrbervillesC. Adam BedeD. The Returnof the Native58.Of the following statements,is NOT correct about Virginia Woolf.A. She was a central figure of the “Bloomsbury Group”.B. She experimented with stream of consciousness.C. She was an influential feminist.D. Her masterpiece was The Rainbow.59.Of the following writers, isNOT a Nobel Prize winner.A. Samuel BeckettB. James JoyceC.William Golding D. V. S. Naipaul60.Waiting for Godot is writtenby .A. Samuel BeckettB. George OrwellC. William GoldingD. D. H. Lawrence61.The United States has states onthe continent.A. 50B. 49C. 48D.3562.The state of is the largest inarea of all the states.A. AlaskaB. HawaiiC. TexasD. Florida63.The U. S. lies in North America,with Canada to the north, Mexico to the south, the Atlantic to its and the Pacific to its .A. northern, east, westB. central, east, westC. southern, west, eastD. western, east, west64.The largest river in the U. S.is .A. the Missouri RiverB. theMississippi RiverC. the Ohio RiverD. the Colorado River65.Some of the world famous universitieslike Harvard, Yale and MIT are located .A. in the SouthB. along the Pacific CoastC. in New EnglandD. in the Midwest66. is located on the U. S.–Canadian border between Lake Erie and Lake Ontario.A. Yellowstone National ParkB. The Grand CanyonC. Niagara FallsD. The Great Salt Lake67.The native Alaskan population includesthe following except the .A. IndiansB. EskimosC. AleutsD. Blacks68.The largest minority in the UnitedStates is the .A. Pacific IslandersB. BlacksC.Native Americans D. Asians69.The Immigrants Act of 1924 restrictedthe further immigration into the UnitedStates, particularly from .A. EuropeB. AsiaC. AfricaD. South America70.The characteristic of dominant Americanculture is .A. English-speaking, northern European,Roman Catholic and middle-classB. English-speaking, western European,Roman Catholic and upper-classC. English-speaking, northern European, Protestant and upper-classD. English-speaking, western European, Protestant and middle-class71.The first successful English colony inNorth America was founded at in .A. Jamestown, LouisianaB.Boston, MassachusettsC. Jamestown, VirginiaD.Plymouth, Georgia72.Pilgrim Fathers are a group ofwho came to America to avoid persecutionin England.A. ProtestantsB. PuritansC.Catholics D. Christians73.The Seven Years’ War occurred betweenthe .A. French and American IndiansB.French and SpaniardsC. French and BritishD.British and American Indians74.“No taxation without representation”was the rallying slogan of .A. the settlers of VirginiaB.the people of PennsylvaniaC. the colonists in New EnglandD.the people of the 13 colonies75.The first shots of the American War ofIndependence were fired in .A. ConcordB. LexingtonC.Philadelphia D. Boston76.In May 1775, was held inPhiladelphia and began to assume thefunctions of a national government.A. the First Continental CongressB.the Second Continental CongressC. the Boston Tea PartyD. the Congress of Confederation77.Abraham Lincoln issued togrant freedom to all slaves.A. Declaration of IndependenceB. ConstitutionC. Emancipation ProclamationD.Bill of Rights78.The policy of the United States wasat the beginning of the two world wars.A. neutralityB. full involvementC. partial involvementD. appeasement79.President applied New Deal todeal with the problems of the GreatDepression.A. WilsonB. TrumanC.Roosevelt D. Kennedy80.The Vietnam War was a long-timesuffering for Americans, and it continuedthroughout the terms ofPresidents .A. Johnson, Nixon and FordB. Truman, Eisenhower and KennedyC. Kennedy, Johnson and NixonD. Eisenhower, Kennedy and Johnson81.The U. S. Constitution came into effectin .A. 1787B. 1789C. 1791D. 179382.The Constitution of the UnitedStates .A. gives the most power to CongressB. gives the most power to the PresidentC. tries to give each branch enough power tobalance the othersD. gives the most power to the Supreme Court83.The Bill of Rights .A. defines the rights of Congress and therights of the PresidentB. guarantees citizens of the United Statesspecific individual rights and freedomsC. is part of the Declaration of IndependenceD. has no relationship with the Constitution84.The following except areguaranteed in the Bill of Rights.A. freedom of religionB. the right to get into people’s house bypoliceC. freedom of speech and of pressD. the right to own one’s weapon if onewishes85.All the following exceptcannot make legislative proposal.A. the SenatorB. the RepresentativeC. the Secretary of StateD. the President86.The following except are allpowers of the President.A. vetoing any bills passed by CongressB. appointing federal judges when vacanciesoccurC. making lawsD. issuing executive orders87.According to the Constitution, acandidate for President must be .A. at least 35 years oldB. at least a 14 years’ resident of theUnited StatesC. born in AmericaD. all of the above88.The terms for a Senator andRepresentative are and years respectively.A. two, fourB. two, threeC.two, six D. six, two89.The Supreme Court is composed ofjustices.A. sixB. sevenC. eightD. nine90.The President is directly voted intooffice by .A. all citizens of AmericaB. the citizens over 18 years oldC. electors elected by the votersD. the senators and representatives91.America produces a major portion of theworld’s products in the following fields except .A. machineryB. automobilesC. oreD. chemicals92.The modern American economy progressedfrom to , and eventually, to .A. colonial economy, handcraft economy, industrial economyB. farming economy, handcraft economy, industrial economyC. colonial economy, farming economy, industrial economyD. handcraft economy, farming economy, industrial economy93.Chartered companies were NOT grantedthe by the British King or Queen.A. political authorityB. economic rightsC. judicial authorityD. diplomatic authority94.The first National Bank of the UnitedStates was established with the urge of .A. George WashingtonB. Thomas JeffersonC. Andrew JacksonD. Alexander Hamilton95.The following inventions took placeduring the “second industrial revolution” except .A. typewriterB. telephoneC. electric lightD. refrigerator96.President Johnson tried to build a“Great Society” by introducing various programs like the following except .A. MedicareB. Food StampsC. Education InitiativesD. Unemployment Pension97.About of American crops are forexport.A. halfB. one thirdC. one fourthD. one fifth98.The following statements are all trueexcept .A. Agribusinesses reflect the big, corporate nature of many farm enterprises.B. Agribusinesses maintain a balanced trade pattern between agricultural imports and exports.C. Agribusinesses range from one-family corporations to multinational firms.D. Agribusinesses include a variety of farm businesses and structures.99. is not one of the three giantsin American automobile industry.A. FordB. General MotorsC. ChryslerD. American Motors100.A t present, U. S. exports account for of the world’s total.A. 10%B. 15%C. 20%D.25%101.F ormal education in the United States consists of , secondary and highereducation.A. kindergartenB. publicC. elementaryD. private102.O f the following subjects, are NOT offered to elementary schoolstudents.A. mathematics and languagesB.politics and business educationC. science and social studiesD.music and physical education103.H igher education in the United States began with the founding of .A. Yale UniversityB.Harvard UniversityC. Princeton UniversityD. NewYork University104.O f the following, are NOT among the categories of American higher education.A. universities and collegesB. research institutionsC. technical institutionsD. community colleges105.O f the following, is NOT the responsibility of the board of trustees in U. S. institutions.A. choosing the presidentB. establishing policies for administrators and facultyC. approving budget and other financial projectD. decide which student to enroll106.T o get a bachelor’s degree, all undergraduate students are required to do the following except .A. attending lectures and completing assignmentsB. passing examinationsC. working for communitiesD. earning a certain number of credits107.O f the following universities, has NOT cultivated any American Presidentyet.A. Harvard UniversityB. Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyC. Princeton UniversityD.Yale University108. is sold especially to the upper or upper-middle class and it has areputation for its serious attitude andgreat bulk.A. The Washington PostB. TheNew York TimesC. Los Angeles TimesD. NewYork Daily News109.O f the following, is NOT among the three major radio and TV networks inAmerica.A. the National Broadcasting System (NBS)B. the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS)C. the Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS)D. the American Broadcasting System (ABS) 110.T he National Day of the United States falls on .A. June 4thB. July 4thC. June 14thD. July 14th111.O f the following writers, are from the Colonial and Revolutionary Periods.A. Benjamin Franklin & Edgar Ellen PoeB. Edgar Ellen Poe & Jonathan EdwardsC. Benjamin Franklin & Jonathan EdwardsD. Edgar Ellen Poe & Washington Irving 112. is regarded as “the father of American literature”.A. James Fennimore CooperB. Ralph Waldo EmersonC. Thomas JeffersonD. Washington Irving113.O f the following, is NOT Nathaniel Hawthorne’s work.A. The Scarlet LetterB. TheHouse of the Seven GablesC. The Marble FaunD. Nature 114.O f the following, is considered Herman Melville’s masterpiece.A. The Last of the MohicansB. The Legend of Sleepy HollowC. Moby DickD. Daisy Miller 115.O f the following, is NOT characteristic of Mark Twain’s works.A. colloquial speechB. a sense of humorC. a realistic viewD. an idealistic view116.O f the following writers, is NOT included in the group of naturalists.A. Stephen CraneB. Frank NorrisC. Theodore DreiserD. Herman Melville117.F. Scott Fitzgerald’s finest novel is , and its theme is about .A. The Great Gatsby, the American DreamB. Tender is the Night, loveC. Tales of the Jazz Age, the loss of oneselfD. The Beautiful and the Damned,the evil of human nature118.O f the following books, is NOT written by Ernest Hemingway.A. The Sun Also RisesB. The Sound and the FuryC. A Farewell to ArmsD. For Whom the Bell Tolls119.O f the following writers, is Not a Nobel Prize winner.A. Alice WalkerB. Ernest HemingwayC. William FaulknerD. Eugene O’Neil120. is the first African-American winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature.A.Ralph EllisonB. Tony MorrisonC. Richard WrightD. James Baldwin选择题参考答案：第一章 A B C D B C D A C B第二章 D D B C C A B A C D三 C D B A B C C B D A四 C B A C D C D B A C五 D B B A B C C D D A六 B C B D C A C D B A八 C A B B C C D B A D九 C B C D B B C A C D十 B C B B C C D D D C十一 C C D D D D B B D A十二 C B B B D C B B B B十三 C D D C D D A B A B二、判断题及答案Chapter 11.The island of Great Britain is geographically divided into three parts: England, Scotland and Wales. (T)2.People in different parts of Britain like to use the name England to refer to their country.(F)3.Today more than half of the people in Walesstill speak the ancient Welsh language.(F) 4.In terms of population and area,Northern Ireland is the second largest part of the United Kingdom.(F)5.The longest river of Britain originates in Wales.(T)6.Because of political troubles,Northern Ireland has been quite significant among the four constituent parts of the United Kingdom.(T)7.Though the climate in Britain is generally mild,the temperature in northern Scotland often falls below --10C in January.(F) 8.The majority of the people in Britain are descendants of the Anglo--Saxons.(T)9.The Celtic people are the earliest known inhabitants of Britain.(T)10.English changed into what is described as Modern English from the late 16th century.(F)Chapter 21.The British history before 55BC is basically undocumented.(T)2.The Celts became the dominant group in Britain between the 8th and 5th centuries BC.(T)3.The name of Britain came from a Celtic tribe--- the Britons.(T)4.The Anglo--Saxons came to Britain in the mid--5th century.(T)5.The chief or king of the Anglo--Saxon tribes exercised power at their own will.(F)6.The Vikings began to attack the English coast in the 8th century.(T)7.Henry II built up a large empire which included England and most of France.(T) 8.The Magna Carta was designed to protect the rights of both the privileged class and the townspeople.(F)9.The Hundred Years' War was a series of wars fought between England and Normans foe trade and territory.(F)10.In an effort to make a compromise between different religious factions,Queen Elizabeth I actually defended the fruit of the Religious Reformation.(T)Chapter 31.Conventions are regarded less important than common law in the working of the British government.(F)2.The British monarchy has never been interrupted throughout the history.(F)3.In reality,the British King or Queen is the source of all government powers.(F)4.British Parliament is the law--making body of the Commonwealth of Nations.(F)5.Lords Spiritual and Lords Temporal are all members in the British Upper House.(T)6.The members in the House of Commons are appointed rather than elected.(F)7.The British Prime Minister is the leader of the majority party in Parliament.(T)8.Cabinet members are chosen by the Prime Minister from various political parties in Parliament.(F)9.British law consists of two parts,the civil law and the criminal law.(T)10.The legal systems in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland are much similar in terms of law, organization and practice.(F)Chapter 41.Britain was the first industrialized nation in the world.(T)2.The British economy experienced a relative decline during the postwar period.(T)3.Limited resources and high unemployment rate were persistent problems that prevented rapid economic development in Britain.(F)4.Thatcher's revolution turned out to be a great success in dealing with all theBritish econimic and social problems.(F) 5.The economic approach adopted by Tony Blair is different from that of the Labor party and the Conservative Party.(T)6.Blair made the Bank of England independent in order to separate politics and economic policy.(T)7.Britain is the world's leading exporter of poultry and dairy products.(F)8.The fishing industry provides more than 50%of Britain's demand for fish.(T)9.Britain is an important oil exporter since its oil industry has a long history.(F) 10.Nuclear power is one of the major energy sources in Britain.(T)Chapter 51.The British government has been responsible for education since the early 1800s.(F)cation in Britain is compulsory for allchildren between the ages of 6 and 15.(F) 3.The National Curriculum is compulsory in both the state system and the independent system.(F)4.When children finish their schooling at 16, they are required to take a national GCSE examination.(T)5.Graduates from state schools in Britain have a less favorable chance to enter famous universities than those from independent schools.(T)6.In the 1960s, a large number of new universities were founded in Britain.(T)7.Most British people begin their day with reading the morning newspaper and end it watching television in the evening.(T)8.The Times is the world's oldest national newspaper(F)9.The BBC World Service broadcasts only in English throughout the world.(F)10.Some British holidays are celebrated to mark the important events of the Christiancalendar, and others are related to local customs and traditions.(T)Chapter 61.The Canterbury Tales is a representative work of the Old English Period.(F)2.Renaissance is characterized by admiration of the Greek and Latin classics.(T)3.Hamlet depicts the hero's struggle with two opposing forces: moral integrity and the need to avenge his father's murder.(T)4.Alexander Pope was a great English poet who also translated Homer's Iliad.(T)5.Jonathan Swift is probably the foremost prose satirist in the English language, and Robinson Crusoe is his masterpiece.(F)6.William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge brought the Romantic Movement to its height.(F)7.Lord Byron distinguished himself by themusical quality of his short poems, such as "Ode to the West Wind".(F)8.Jane Austen was a well--known novelist of the stream of consciousness school.(F) 9.Joseph Conrad is classified as a forerunner of Modernism, which prevailed before World War II.(T)10.V.S.Naipaul detailed in his works the dual problems of the Third World: the oppression of colonialism and the chaos of postcolonialism.(T)Chapter 71.The Republic of Ireland occupies the entire area of the island of Ireland.(F)2.The earliest inhabitants in Ireland were Celtic tribes from Europe.(F)3.In the 1800s, Ireland gained in prosperity because it became a part of Britain.(F)4.In the 1930s, Ireland was not indeed a republic,but belonged to the Commonwealth of Nations.(T)。
2022年自考专业(英语)英语国家概况考试真题及答案一、单项选择题每小题1分，共30小题1、According to 2022 statistics, the UK has the____national economy in the world measured by nominal GDP（）A.third-largestB.fourth-largestC.sixth-largestD.eighth-largest2、____is the largest lake on the island of Great Britain （）ke WindermereB.Lough NeaghC.Loch Lomondke Erie3、Modern English is derived mainly from the____spoken by the Angles, Saxons, and Jutes（）A.Germanic dialectsB.CornishC.Scottish GaelicD.Danish4、The story of 查看答案【二、选词填空】1C2E3A4I5B6~10点击下载查看答案【三、名词解释】1Bobbies refer to the British police.The so-called bobbies wear a nonmilitary uniform.Their only regular weapon is a short, wooden truncheon, which they keep out of sight and may not employ except in self-defense or to restore order.2The mixed member proportional (MMP)system of New Zealand was introduced to replace the country's long-standing simple plurality system.In the MMP system, a party's representation in the legislature is proportional to the number of votes its candidates receive.【四、简答题】1The cultural treasures such as historic castles, museums and theatres make the UK a popular tourist destination.2Its aim was to seek by every legal means to give people of all classes equal political and social rights.3New England was the first place settled and cultivated by the American pioneers. It was also the chief center of the American War of Independence and thenation's first industrial area.4The Great Lakes provide cheap transportation for this area; besides, the upper lakes region is a land of great natural wealth, and the lower lakes region a land of industries.5The Governor-general plays a largely ceremonial role. The Governor-general formally summons and dissolves Parliament, gives royal assent to bills passed by Parliament, and performs other executive functions.6~10点击下载查看答案【五、论述题】1In the early 1930s, the US adopted an isolationist foreign policy, and three acts were passed to keep the country out of war.However, with the spread of the Second World War, the US gradually moved away from neutrality and tried to aid Britain after the fall of France.The bombing of Pearl Harbor formally involved the US in the war. Then the US set its wartime objectives: to destroy the Axis powers and establish a new world order. Therefore, the US coordinated with Britain and formulated strategies to defeat Germany, and it also cooperated with the Soviet Union to lower its own loss while watching out for the Soviet Union’s expansion. The guiding principles were to win the war and establish a postwar political structure.In a word, the US adjusted its foreign policies to the changingsituations for the sake of its own interests with great success.。
书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！ 住在富人区的她 北京语言大学22春“英语”《英语国家概况(Ⅱ)》期末考试高频考点版
（带答案） 一.综合考核(共50题) 1. The Prime Minister and his Cabinet at federal level is the acknowledged center of Australian parliamentary power.() A.错误 B.正确
参考答案：B
2. Which of the following writers is a Canadian? A.Emily Bronte B.Kate Chopin C.Margaret Atwood
参考答案：C
3. The Stevens family was known for their contribution to which of the following? A.Airplane B.Steamboats C.Cotton gin
参考答案：B
4. In more recent years, partly through Canadian diplomatic efforts, things like ______ and ______ have been put on the international agenda. A.arms control, human rights B.economic crisis, inequality C.organized crime, drug trafficking D.women'issues, the environment
参考答案：D 书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！ 住在富人区的她 5. In addition to such tactics as sit-ins, young students also added ____ to educate people about the war in Vietnam. A.teach-in B.rock' n'roll music C.class boycott D.“march against fear”
参考答案：A
6. The word “Ireland” is used ambiguously to mean both the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland.() A.错误 B.正确
参考答案：B
7. Connecticut, in 1837, become the first state in the United States to pass a general act of incorporation, making it relatively simple for any group to get a corporate charter by complying with a sets of rules.() A.错误 B.正确
参考答案：B
8. The death blow to the Irish language was Ireland's accession to the EU.() A.错误 B.正确
参考答案：A
9. What is not an example of service industry? A.Legal consulting B.Banking 书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！ 住在富人区的她 C.Hotels and restaurants D.Computer manufacturing
参考答案：D
10. Blues was derived from a blend of field chantey and spiritual which is _____. A.a form. of rock' n' roll singing B.a form. of operatic singing originated in Europe C.a form. of country music singing D.a form. of hymn singing prevalent in African-American Christian churches
参考答案：D
11. New York City is the second largest city of the United States.() A.错误 B.正确
参考答案：A
12. Which of the following provinces is the home of most French-speaking people in Canada? A.Manitoba B.Saskatchewan C.Ontario D.Quebec
参考答案：D
13. The Greensboro students “sit-in” was believe to be the beginning of the civil rights movement.() A.错误 B.正确
参考答案：A 书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！ 住在富人区的她 14. Which of the following was NOT one of the three forces that led to the modern development of Europe? A.The growth of capitalism B.The Renaissance C.The Religious Reformation D.The spiritual leadership of the Roman Catholic Church
参考答案：D
15. Who is the Prime Minister of Canada at present? A.Justin Trudeau B.Pierre Trudeau C.Jean Chirac
参考答案：A
16. Mark Twain is the author's? A.real name B.a pen name
参考答案：B
17. Which of the following is a tourist attraction in the United States? A.Yellowstone National Park B.The Babylon Garden C.The English castle D.The coral reefs
参考答案：A
18. After Legal segregation ended in the South as a result of the civil rights movement, and racism is no longer an extremely serious social, political problem in the U.S.() A.错误 书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！ 住在富人区的她 B.正确
参考答案：A
19. The Irish legal system is arranged in a hierarchy, with District Court at the bottom and Supreme Court at the top.() A.错误 B.正确
参考答案：B
20. Protestantism has been the most dominant form. of religion in Australia over the first two hundred years of modern Australia society.() A.错误 B.正确
参考答案：B
21. During _____ administration, Canada recognized the Peoples Republic of China. A.Wilfred Laurier's B.Lester Pearson's C.MacKinzie King's D.Brian Mulroney's
参考答案：B
22. The Great Famine lasted from 1845-1848.() A.错误 B.正确
参考答案：B
23. 书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！ 住在富人区的她 In Vancouver schools, it is estimated that more than half of the students speak _____. A.German B.French C.Mandarin Chinese D.Cantonese
参考答案：D
24. Toni Morrison (1931-) won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1993. She is the first African-American writer to receive this honor.() A.错误 B.正确
参考答案：B
25. Racial segregation in elementaryand secondary education was banished in the United States after World War Ⅱ.() A.错误 B.正确
参考答案：B
26. Today, the Irish economy is dominated in many ways by many multinationals, particularly in the electronic and pharmaceutical industries.() A.错误 B.正确
参考答案：B
27. Australian government departments are administered only by the authority of the elected Ministers.() A.错误 B.正确
参考答案：A
