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Book IIUnit 1A.1.assess2.alliance3.outcome4.ethical5.identity6.ambiguous7.tolerable8.participates9.pursuit10.constructiveB.1.at stake2.were obliged3.the climate of4.feel well-equipped5.beyond my grasp6.cut back7.other than8.rise above9.care about10.is boundedC.1.incompetent2.indulgence3.migrants4.probesplex6.suspense; engagedpassionate; committed8.tolerant9.tempted10.interconnectedD.1. A. Judging from2. B. in which3. C. and4. D. believe5. A. is one of/ is that of6. B. must get7. C. likely8. D. unemployed9. C. as well as/ and10.B. simpler E.1.what2.graduation3.intend4.getting5.eventually6.survey7.although8.graduates9.transfer10.rise11.attending12.instead13.cause14.because15.attending16.below17.failure18.expectations19.confidencecationKey to the translation from English to Chinese:1.德.汤说过，一切进步，一切发展均来自挑战及由此引起的反应。
一、背景随着考研竞争的日益激烈，英语作为考研的必考科目，其重要性不言而喻。
为了在考研英语考试中取得优异成绩，我通过大量的阅读、练习和总结，积累了一定的英语学习经验。
以下是我对考研英语笔记的总结。
二、词汇1. 词汇是英语学习的基础，掌握一定量的词汇是提高英语水平的关键。
在词汇方面，我主要从以下几个方面进行积累：（1）阅读词汇：通过阅读各类英语文章，积累常用词汇，尤其是重点词汇，如动词、形容词、副词等。
（2）听力词汇：在听力训练中，注意积累地道的口语表达和常用短语。
（3）写作词汇：在写作训练中，学会运用不同词汇表达相同的意思，丰富文章内容。
2. 词汇记忆方法：（1）词根词缀法：掌握常见的词根、词缀，便于记忆新词汇。
（2）联想记忆法：将词汇与生活、工作、学习等场景相结合，便于记忆。
（3）卡片记忆法：将词汇写在卡片上，随时翻阅，巩固记忆。
三、语法1. 语法是英语学习的重要环节，掌握一定的语法知识有助于提高阅读、写作和翻译能力。
在语法方面，我主要从以下几个方面进行学习：（1）掌握基本句型结构，如主谓宾、主谓表、主谓补等。
（2）熟悉常用时态和语态，如一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时等。
（3）了解非谓语动词的用法，如动词不定式、动名词、分词等。
2. 语法学习方法：（1）系统学习：通过教材、视频等资源，系统学习英语语法知识。
（2）对比练习：通过对比不同语法结构的句子，加深对语法知识的理解。
（3）实际运用：在阅读、写作、翻译等实际操作中，运用所学语法知识。
四、阅读1. 阅读是考研英语的重要组成部分，提高阅读速度和理解能力至关重要。
在阅读方面，我主要从以下几个方面进行训练：（1）广泛阅读：阅读各类英语文章，如新闻、科技、文化等，提高阅读广度。
（2）精读与泛读相结合：精读文章，提高理解能力；泛读文章，提高阅读速度。
（3）掌握阅读技巧：如快速定位、略读、扫读等。
2. 阅读学习方法：（1）定时阅读：每天安排一定时间进行阅读训练，形成阅读习惯。
考研英语要背的知识点总结一、阅读理解1. 阅读理解是考研英语中最基础和最重要的题型之一，涵盖了考生的词汇量、语法、逻辑思维等方面。
2. 做好阅读理解需要考生在平时多加练习，积累词汇和阅读量，提高自己的阅读速度和理解能力。
3. 对于阅读理解题目，考生应该有清晰的解题思路，可以采取逐题阅读或者先看题后读文章的方法，找到文章中的关键信息，进行分析和解答。
二、写作1. 考研英语写作主要考查考生的语言表达能力和逻辑思维能力。
2. 在备考写作时，考生应该注重积累各类写作素材，包括优秀范文、议论文、观点论证以及写作技巧等。
3. 在写作过程中，考生需要注意文章结构、语法和逻辑思维，采用恰当的连接词和句子结构，保持文章的连贯性和逻辑性。
三、翻译1. 考研英语翻译题主要考查考生的翻译能力和语言理解能力。
2. 在翻译备考过程中，考生应该注重积累各类翻译素材，包括词汇、句子和文章等，提高自己的翻译水平。
3. 对于翻译题目，考生应该有自己的翻译思路和方法，对文中的生词、固定搭配和语法结构有清晰的理解，保持准确率和流畅度。
四、听力1. 考研英语听力题目主要考查考生的听力理解和语言能力。
2. 在备考听力过程中，考生需要提高自己的听力水平，多听一些英语广播、新闻、讲座等，不断提高自己对于英语语音和语调的理解能力。
3. 对于听力题目，考生应该有良好的听力习惯和答题技巧，包括预测答案、标记关键信息和记笔记等。
五、专业英语1. 英语二部分主要考查考生的专业英语水平和语言运用能力。
2. 在备考英语二过程中，考生需要针对自己的专业方向进行有针对性的复习，积累专业词汇和短语，了解相关的专业知识和内容。
3. 对于英语二的阅读理解题目和写作题目，考生需要用专业术语和专业知识来进行应对，提高自己在专业英语方面的交流和表达能力。
总之，考研英语需要考生具备一定的英语基础和综合能力，需要在备考过程中多加练习和积累，提高自己的语言能力和专业水平。
希望上述总结对考生备战考研英语有所帮助。
***战争带来难民潮时，我们的同情心，我们富于分析的智慧都不再多为教程－英语翻译（第二册）Unit1 从能力到责任1当代的大学生对他们在社会中所扮演的角色的认识模糊不清。
他们致力于寻求在他们看来似乎是最现实的东西：追求安全受缚于地图上的政治分界线。
我们开始知道，饥荒和人权已如同武器＼条约一样，对人类团结起着决定性的影响。
最令人担心的是，蘑菇云已在人类意识里投下了不祥的阴影。
这些业已存在的事实及其带来的后果都必须让每个学生了解。
保障，追逐物质财富的积累。
年轻人努力想使自己成人成才、有11然而，在研究中，我们发现了一个极其令人担忧的问题：所作为，但他们对未来的认识还是很模糊的。
处于像他们这样前程未定的年龄阶段，他们该信仰什么?大学生一直在寻找真我的所在，寻找生活的意义。
一如芸芸众生的我们，他们也陷入了两难的境地。
一方面，他们崇尚奉献于人的理想主义，而另一方面，他们又经不住自身利益的诱惑，陷入利己主义的世界里欲罢不能。
2最终而言，大学教育素质的衡量取决于毕业生是否愿意为他们所处的社会和赖以生存的城市作出贡献。
尼布尔曾经写道：大学校园对诸如此类的社会常识极端缺乏了解，有时，校园甚至弥漫着一种对世事的冷漠与不关心的氛围。
当难民如潮水一般从一个国家涌入到另外一个国家时，我们却只有极少数学生能在地图上指出这些难民潮的流向，或是谈论起导致难民潮泛滥而起的饥荒、战争和贫穷等世事。
世界各地的哲学家、政治家、发明家和艺术家的丰功伟绩丰富了我们的生活，但他们本人及其贡献却时常不为人知，或是被世人遗忘在角落里。
12虽然有一些学生已具备了放眼全球的视角，然而，大多数“一个人只有意识到对社会所负有的责任，他才能够认识到自身的潜力。
一个人如果一味地以自我为中心，他将会失去自我。
”本科教育必须对这种带有理想主义色彩的观念进行自我深省，使学生——尽管他们对世事的关注忽隐忽现，却对他们赖以生存＼相互依赖的世界缺乏足够的了解。
学生超越以自我为中心的观念，以诚相待，服务社会。
研究生英语系列教程·多维教程·熟谙－英语课后答案Book IIUnit 1A.1. assess2. alliance3. outcome4. ethical5. identity6. ambiguous7. tolerable8. participates9. pursuit10. constructiveB.1. at stake2. were obliged3. the climate of4. feel well-equipped5. beyond my grasp6. cut back7. other than8. rise above9. care about10. is boundedC.1. incompetent2. indulgence3. migrants4. probes5. complex6. suspense; engaged7. compassionate; committed8. tolerant9. tempted10. interconnected D.1. A. Judging from2. B. in which3. C. and4. D. believe5. A. is one of/ is that of6. B. must get7. C. likely8. D. unemployed9. C. as well as/ and10. B. simplerE.1. what2. graduation3. intend4. getting5. eventually6. survey7. although8. graduates9. transfer10. rise11. attending12. instead13. cause14. because15. attending16. below17. failure18. expectations19. confidence20. educationKey to the translation from English to Chinese:1. 德.汤说过，一切进步，一切发展均来自挑战及由此引起的反应。
多维教程－英语翻译（第二册）Unit1 从能力到责任当代的大学生对他们在社会中所扮演的角色的认识模糊不清。
他们致力于寻求在他们看来似乎是最现实的东西：追求安全保障，追逐物质财富的积累。
年轻人努力想使自己成人成才、有所作为，但他们对未来的认识还是很模糊的。
处于像他们这样前程未定的年龄阶段，他们该信仰什么?大学生一直在寻找真我的所在，寻找生活的意义。
一如芸芸众生的我们，他们也陷入了两难的境地。
一方面，他们崇尚奉献于人的理想主义，而另一方面，他们又经不住自身利益的诱惑，陷入利己主义的世界里欲罢不能。
最终而言，大学教育素质的衡量取决于毕业生是否愿意为他们所处的社会和赖以生存的城市作出贡献。
尼布尔曾经写道：“一个人只有意识到对社会所负有的责任，他才能够认识到自身的潜力。
一个人如果一味地以自我为中心，他将会失去自我。
”本科教育必须对这种带有理想主义色彩的观念进行自我深省，使学生超越以自我为中心的观念，以诚相待，服务社会。
在这一个竞争激烈＼残酷的社会，人们期望大学生能报以正直、文明，，甚至富有同情心的人格品质去与人竞争，这是否已是一种奢望?人们期望大学的人文教育会有助于培养学生的人际交往能力，如今是否仍然适合?毫无疑问，大学生应该履行公民的义务。
美国的教育必须立刻采取行动，使教育理所当然地承担起弥合公共政策与公众的理解程度之间的极具危险性且在日益加深的沟壑这一职责。
那些要求人们积极思考政府的议程并提供富于创意的意见的信息似乎越来越让我们感到事不关己。
所以很多人认为想通过公众的参与来解决复杂的公共问题已不再可能行得通。
设想，怎么可能让一些非专业人士去讨论必然带来相应后果的政府决策的问题，而他们甚至连语言的使用都存在困难?核能的使用应该扩大还是削弱?水资源能保证充足的供应吗?怎样控制军备竞赛?大气污染的安全标准是多少?甚至连人类的起源与灭绝这样近乎玄乎的问题也会被列入政治议事日程。
类似的一头雾水的感觉，公众曾经尝试过。
1.When today's high-school seniors are asked what they plan to do after graduation, most say that they intend to get bachelor's degree. They have been told that their generation has only" one way to win" -by getting at least a bachelor's degree, in the hope that it will eventuallv lead to a professional job.In a recent survey of high-school seniors conducted by the National Center for Education Statistics, 85per cent of the respondents said they planned to get bachelor's degree. And，although 20years ago only 45 per cent of high-school graduates went on to college, today 68 per cent actually matriculate (注册)，with the majority enrolling in four-γear or two-year programs designed to allow them to transfer to four-year institutions.According to conventional wisdom, the rapid rise in the number of students attending college is cause for national celebration. But our research suggests that，instead it may be cause for national concern. Why? because for many young people, the "one way to win" paradigm （例子)is not realistic ,given their academic talents and the labor-market projections. Students ranking below the top third of their high-school graduating class too often fail to earn a bachelor's degree if they enroll in college. The cost of such failure--in both dollars and unmet expections-is rising and beginníng to erode public confidence in our system of higher eduation.2. A small family-owned company, Eisai, was one of the original manufacturers of vitamin E, and it maintained a strong research commitment to natural pharmaceuticals. Over the years, it developed drugs for the treatment of cardiovascular, respiratory, and neurological diseases. The company experienced steady. Modest growth, and in 1992 sales reached 197 billion yen and profits approached 13 billion yen. Although it was the sixth-largest Japanese pharmaceutical company . Eisai was a relatively small player in an industry in which global competition was increasing while growth in the domestic market was slowing down.In 1993, Haruo Naito took over as president from his father. Before that, he had chaired Eisai's five-year strategic planning committee. During that time, he had become convinced that the company's focus on the discovery and manufacture of pharmaceuticals was not sustainable for long-term growth against large, global competitors. Two years after becoming president, Naito formulated a radical new vision for Eisai that he called Human Health Care. It extended the company's focus from manufacturing drug treatments or specific illness to improving the overall quality of life. To accomplish that mission. Eisai developed a wide array of new products. And that, In turn, would require broad involvement and commitment. He encouraged innovative activity and created an environment in which employees' efforts wouldbe accepted and rewarded. Soon there were proposals for 130 additional HHC projects and by the end of 1996. 73 projects were under way. Now, the company has moved from sixth to fifth place in the Japanese domestic pharmaceutical industry, and Eisai's customers and competitors view the company as a leader in health care.3. Today it can be said that wheels run America. The four rubber tires of the automobile (move) America through work and pay. Wheels spin, and people (drive) off to their jobs. Tires turn, and people shop for the week's food at the big supermarket (down) the highway. Hubcaps whirl, and the whole family spends a day at the lake .Each year more (wheels) crowd the highways a 10million new cars roll out of the factories. One (out) of every six Americans works at assembling cars. Driving trucks, building roads, or pumping gas, America (without) cars? It 's unthinkable.But even though the (majority) of Americans would find it hard to (imagine) what life would be like without a car , some have begun to (realize) that the automobile is a mixed blessing. Traffic accidents are increasing steadily, and large cities are (plagued) by traffic congestion, Worst of all, perhaps, is the air pollution caused by the internal-combustion engine. Every car engine (burns) hundreds of gallons of fuel each year and pumps hundreds of pounds of carbon monoxide and other gases into the air. These gases are one source ofthe smog (that) hangs over large cities. Some of these gases are poisonous and dangerous (to) one's health, especially for someone with a weak heart or a respiratory disease.One answer to the problem of air pollution is to build a car that does not pollute. That's (what) several major automobile manufacturers are crying to do. (But) building a clean car is easier said than (done). S0 far, progress has been slow. Another solution is to eliminate car fume (altogether) by getting rid of the internal-combustion engine. Inventors are now working on turbine-powered cars, as well as on cars powered by steam and (electricity). But most of us won't be driving cars run on batteries or boiling water for a while yet. Many auto makers believe that it will take years to develop (practical) models that are powered by electricity or steam.4. Children are now leaving home in late adolescence - an earlier age than in the past. Adolescentsare no longer involved in making an economic contribution to the family. In fact ，their major economic impact is as consumers, Therefore, the family has little reason to keep the child home as an economic contribution. It is becoming increasingly common for young people to leave home for college or to live with someone else when they become employed. Not only do families have fewer children butthey have them in school and out of the home at younger ages than in the past.The most surprising finding with regard to children show a negative impact on marriage due to children. There has been much evidence that children contribute to greater conflict an d uncertainty in a marriage. Studies show that general life satisfaction is highest for people when they are young, married, and child less. Other studies show that American couples wit h children at home tend to have lower marital satisfaction than those without children. For both men and women, reports of happiness and satisfaction drop and don't rise again until the children are grown and about to leave the nest.5. In the world's rich countries, when you retire at 65 you can expect to live, on average, for another15 or 20 years. A hundred years ago you would, on average, have been already dead. The late 20thcentury has brought to many the ultimate gift, the luxury of aging. But like any luxury, aging isexpensive .Governments are fretting about the cost already; but they also know that far worse is to come; Over the next 30 or 40 years, the demographic changes of longer lives and fewer births will force most countries to rethink in fundamental ways their arrangements for paying for and looking after older people.In 1990 18%of people in OECD countries were aged over 60. By 2030 that figure will have risen to over 30%. The share of the "0ldest old" (those over 80) . Now around 3%, is set to double. The vast majority of these older people will be consumers, not producers. Thanks to state transfers, being old in developed countries mostly no longer means being poor. The old people will expect decent pensions to live on; they will make heavy demands on medical services; and some will need expensive nursing care. Yet while their numbers are expanding fast, numbers of people at work-who will have to foot the bill-will stay much the same , so each worker will have to carry a much heavier burden. Mass survival to a ripe old age will not be confined to rich countries. Most developing countries,whose populations are now much younger than the developed world's are starting to age fast.6.The survival of wilderness-of places that we do not change, where we allow the existence even of creatures we perceive as dangerous-ís necessary. Whether we go to those places or not, we need to know that they exist. We do not need just the great public wildernesses, but millions of small private or semiprivate ones. Wilderness can occupy corners of factory grounds and city lots-places where nature is given free hand，where no human work is done, where we go only as guests. We go to wilderness places to be restored.to be instructed in the naturaleconomies of fertility and healing, to admire what we cannot make. And we go in order to return with renewed knowledge by which we judge the health of our human economy and our dwellings. As we return from our visits to the wilderness. it is sometimes possible to imagine a series of fitting and decent transitions from wild nature to the human community and its supports; from forest for woodlot(林地) to the agriculture of three crops and pasture to orchard to meadow to garden to household to neighborhood to village to city-so that even when we reached the city we would not be entirely beyond the influence of the nature of that place.There is a strong view that holds that success is a myth, and ambition therefore a sham(假的东西). Does this mean that success does not really exist? That achievement is at bottom empty? That the efforts of men and women are of no significance alongside the force of movements and events? Now not all success obviously, is worth esteeming, nor all ambition worth cultivating. Which are and which are not is something one soon enough learns on one’s own. But even the most cynical(冷嘲热讽的) secretly admit that success exists; that achievement counts for a great deal; and that the true myth is that the actions of men and women are useless. To believe otherwise is to take on a point of view that is likely to be deranging. It is, in its implications, to remove all motives for competence, interest in attainment, and regard for posterity.We do not choose to be born. We do not choose our parents. We do not choose our historical epoch, the country of our birth or the immediate circumstances of our upbringing. We do not, most of us, choose to die; nor do we choose the time or condition of our death. But within all this realm of choicelessness, we do choose how we shall live: courageously or in cowardice, honorably or dishonorably, with purpose or in drift. We decide what is important and what is trivial in life. We decide that what makes us significant is either what we do or what we refuse to do. But no matter how indifferent the universe may be to our choices and decisions, these choices and decisions are ours to make. We decide. We choose. And as we decide and choose, so are our lives formed. In the end, forming our own destiny is what ambition is about.。
多为教程－英语翻译（第二册）Unit1 从能力到责任1当代的大学生对他们在社会中所扮演的角色的结识模糊不清。
他们致力于寻求在他们看来似乎是最现实的东西：追求安全保障，追逐物质财富的积累。
年轻人努力想使自己成人成才、有所作为，但他们对未来的结识还是很模糊的。
处在像他们这样前程未定的年龄阶段，他们该信仰什么?大学生一直在寻找真我的所在，寻找生活的意义。
一如芸芸众生的我们，他们也陷入了两难的境地。
一方面，他们崇尚奉献于人的抱负主义，而另一方面，他们又经不住自身利益的诱惑，陷入利己主义的世界里欲罢不能。
2最终而言，大学教育素质的衡量取决于毕业生是否乐意为他们所处的社会和赖以生存的城市作出奉献。
尼布尔曾经写道：“一个人只故意识到对社会所负有的责任，他才可以结识到自身的潜力。
一个人假如一味地以自我为中心，他将会失去自我。
”本科教育必须对这种带有抱负主义色彩的观念进行自我深省，使学生超越以自我为中心的观念，以诚相待，服务社会。
在这一个竞争剧烈＼残酷的社会，人们盼望大学生能报以正直、文明，，甚至富有同情心的人格品质去与人竞争，这是否已是一种奢望?人们盼望大学的人文教育会有助于培养学生的人际交往能力，如今是否仍然适合?3毫无疑问，大学生应当履行公民的义务。
美国的教育必须立刻采用行动，使教育理所当然地承担起弥合公共政策与公众的理解限度之间的极具危险性且在日益加深的沟壑这一职责。
那些规定人们积极思考政府的议程并提供富于创意的意见的信息似乎越来越让我们感到事不关己。
所以很多人认为想通过公众的参与来解决复杂的公共问题已不再也许行得通。
设想，怎么也许让一些非专业人士去讨论必然带来相应后果的政府决策的问题，而他们甚至连语言的使用都存在困难?4核能的使用应当扩大还是削弱?水资源能保证充足的供应吗?如何控制军备竞赛?大气污染的安全标准是多少?甚至连人类的起源与灭绝这样近乎玄乎的问题也会被列入政治议事日程。
5类似的一头雾水的感觉，公众曾经尝试过。
多维教程－英语翻译（第二册）Unit1 从能力到责任当代的大学生对他们在社会中所扮演的角色的认识模糊不清。
他们致力于寻求在他们看来似乎是最现实的东西：追求安全保障，追逐物质财富的积累。
年轻人努力想使自己成人成才、有所作为，但他们对未来的认识还是很模糊的。
处于像他们这样前程未定的年龄阶段，他们该信仰什么?大学生一直在寻找真我的所在，寻找生活的意义。
一如芸芸众生的我们，他们也陷入了两难的境地。
一方面，他们崇尚奉献于人的理想主义，而另一方面，他们又经不住自身利益的诱惑，陷入利己主义的世界里欲罢不能。
最终而言，大学教育素质的衡量取决于毕业生是否愿意为他们所处的社会和赖以生存的城市作出贡献。
尼布尔曾经写道：“一个人只有意识到对社会所负有的责任，他才能够认识到自身的潜力。
一个人如果一味地以自我为中心，他将会失去自我。
”本科教育必须对这种带有理想主义色彩的观念进行自我深省，使学生超越以自我为中心的观念，以诚相待，服务社会。
在这一个竞争激烈＼残酷的社会，人们期望大学生能报以正直、文明，，甚至富有同情心的人格品质去与人竞争，这是否已是一种奢望?人们期望大学的人文教育会有助于培养学生的人际交往能力，如今是否仍然适合?毫无疑问，大学生应该履行公民的义务。
美国的教育必须立刻采取行动，使教育理所当然地承担起弥合公共政策与公众的理解程度之间的极具危险性且在日益加深的沟壑这一职责。
那些要求人们积极思考政府的议程并提供富于创意的意见的信息似乎越来越让我们感到事不关己。
所以很多人认为想通过公众的参与来解决复杂的公共问题已不再可能行得通。
设想，怎么可能让一些非专业人士去讨论必然带来相应后果的政府决策的问题，而他们甚至连语言的使用都存在困难?核能的使用应该扩大还是削弱?水资源能保证充足的供应吗?怎样控制军备竞赛?大气污染的安全标准是多少?甚至连人类的起源与灭绝这样近乎玄乎的问题也会被列入政治议事日程。
类似的一头雾水的感觉，公众曾经尝试过。
- 1 - / 24 Unit1 从能力到责任 When today’s high-school seniors are asked what they plan to do after
graduates, most say that they intend to get a bachelor’s degree. They have been told that their generation has only “one way to win”-by getting at least at least a bachelor’s degree, in the hope that it will eventually lead to a professional job. In a recent survey of high-school seniors conducted by the Nation Center for Education Statistics, 85 percent of the respondents said they planned to get a bachelor’s degree. And, although 20 years ago only 45 percent of high-school graduates went on to college, today 68 percent actually matriculate (注册), with the majority enrolling in four-year or two-year programs designed to allow them transfer to four-year institutions. According to conventional wisdom, the rapid rise in the number of students attending college is cause for national celebration. But our research suggests that, intend it may be cause for national concern. Why? Because for many young people, the “one way to win” paradigm (例子)is not realistic, given their academic talents and the labor-market projections. Students ranking below the top third of their high-school graduating class too often fail to earn as bachelor’s degree if they enroll in college. The cost of such failure –in both dollars and unmet expectations-is rising and beginning to erode public confidence in our system of high education. - 2 - / 24
A: Arnold Toynbee has said that all progress, all development come from a challenge and a consequent response. Without challenge there is no response, no development, no freedom. So first we owe to our children the most demanding, challenging curriculum that is within their capabilities. A.德.汤说过，一切进步，一切发展均来自挑战及由此引起的反应。没有挑战就没有反应，没有发展，没有自由。所以，我们首先应该在我们孩子的能力允许的范围内为他们开设最严格最富有挑战性的课程。 B: The second opportunity we can give our boys and girls is the right to failure. “Freedom is not only a privilege, it is a test,” writes De Nouy. What kind of a test is it, what kind of freedom where no one can fail? The day is past when the United States can afford to give high school diplomas to all who sit through four years of instruction, regardless of whether any visible results can be discerned. We live in arrowed world where we must be alert, awake to realism: and realism demands a standard which either must be met or result in failure. These are hard words, but they are brutally true. If we deprive our children of the right to fail we deprive them of their knowledge of the world as it is. B.我们可以向我们的孩子提供第二个机会是允许他们有失败的权力。德.纽伊写道：“不仅是一种特权，也是一种考验。”如果没有人可以- 3 - / 24
失败，那它算什么考验，算什么自由呢？美国可以向所有在高中读者完四年课程而不管其是否取得任何明显收获的学生发放毕业文凭的日子已经一去不复返了。我们现在生活在一个外变得很狭隘的世界里，们必须同对现实保持警觉，有所认识；而现实主义要求树立一个要么成功要么失败的标准。这些话听起来很刺耳，但都是残酷的事实。如果我们剥夺了孩子的失败权力，实际上我们就剥夺了他们如实地认识世界的机会。
1、当今的大学生，尽管他们努力地想使自己成才，但对未来还是很模糊的。（establish oneself） Today's university students are struggling to establish themselves, but they still have ambiguous feelings about their future. 2、一个人如果不能找到自我以外的中心，就不能实现他的自我价值。所以，理想的本科教育必须使学生超越自我。（transcend） A man cannot find himself without finding a center beyond himself. So the idealism of the undergraduate experience must help the student transcend himself. 3、我们强烈地希望在大学所学到的知识在今后的工作与学习中能起到重要的作用。（reveal oneself） We eagerly hope that the lessons leaned in the university will reveal themselves in our performance in the workplace and further education. - 4 - / 24
4、四年的本科学习是走向成功生活的唯一道路，这种说法是无法接受的。（go unchallenged） It cannot go unchallenged to say that the 4-year undergraduate experience is the only path to success in life. 5、在对一个关键的问题作结论时，如果只相信所谓专家而不相信自己，不根据调查的结果，不根据实验的数据，那是在冒险。（run the risk of; blind faith in） We run the risk of making critical decisions, not on the basis of what we know, the findings of investigations, and the data of experiments, but on the basis of blind faith in professed experts. 6、我们的事业需要一批受过良好教育又能关心他人的年轻人，他们能团结一致，相互学习，积极参加四化建设。（band together; participate in） Our task needs a large group of well-informed, caring young people who can band together, learn from each other, and actively participate in the four modernizations. 7、如果这所新学校要有生命活力的话，它培养的学生不仅要有扎实的基础和熟练的专业技能，还要有奉献精神。（be to endure; commit oneself） If it is to endure, the new school should help the students not only acquire a sold basic education and become competent in
