Some experts believe that it is better for children to begin learning a foreign language at primary school rather than secondary school.
Do the advantages of this outweigh the disadvantages?
Foreign languages have increasingly gained popularity among students these years, given that the world is shrinking and each country now has a more frequent contact with the outside world. Many people[c1] argue that children should begin learning a foreign language at elementary school, instead of waiting until [c2] they enter secondary school. There are several reasons for this.
Firstly, despite the fact that parents do not want to put too much pressure on their children, they also do not want them to lose at the starting line. This means, if the kids start to learn a foreign language early, their parents are relieved from the thought that their kids will have to catch up later on, which is true to some extent.
On the other hand, it is scientifically proved that children tend to learn a language faster before the age of 12. As far as I know, my friends who started to learn English when they were six or seven now have a much more satisfactory English level than those who started at12 or 13. So it is wise to have foreign language course in primary school curriculum.
Additionally, learning a foreign language at an earlier age can lay children a solid foundation for future studying.Rather than just learning a language itself, children learn a lot more about the learning methods. As a
result, when they enter secondary school, they can explore more languages and enrich their knowledge by extensive readings.
The only disadvantage of learning a foreign language at primary school might be one more course and pressure. However,primary schools can introduce advanced teaching methods to tackle this problem,such as playing games and role play, and ensure that children can enjoy the language learning process.
In conclusion, the advantages of learning foreign languages at primary school rather than secondary school outweigh the disadvantages.
注释：
[c1]people 和expert是有区别的，注意看题目指的是哪类人[c2]til
Total: (6.5+6.5+7+7.5)/4=7分
Task response 6.5 分
1. address all parts of the task 7分
首先列举的advantages，然后提出disadvantage，紧接着驳斥了这个disadvantage。这一步证明了你都懂题目不仅是要让列举利弊还要做出比较
2. present a clear position throughout theresponse. 7分
主体赞成利大于弊，并在说弊的时候有力的反驳了，最后一段明确提出自己的立场。
3. main ideas may be unclear 6分
需要改进的段落
主体第一段你写的是家长觉得孩子不能输在起跑线，但是题目里面说的是专家提出这个观点，把家长和专家混在一起，混淆了题目观点的出发角度。这里要扣分。
需要保持的段落
主体第二段用你朋友的经历做例子完全可以！只要支持你的论点就行
主体第三段学习一门外语的方法可以应用到其他语言学习上，确实！能看到不同语言的内在联系，很不错！
主体第四段驳斥反方观点并提出一些解决方法
4. conclusions may become repetitive 6分
不要在结论里面把题目照搬一遍
Coherence and cohesion 6.5 分
1. logically organize information and ideas7分
2. present a clear central topic in each paragragh 7分
我个人比较支持一个段一个点这样能保持段落长度一致同时表意清晰
3. may use cohesive devices mechanically 6分
看下你的主体段落的开头，一下firstly 一下on the other hand 一下additionally 这几个连接词属于不同类别建议使用同类连词，如果是firstly 那后面就用 secondly thirdly,如果是要用on the other hand, 前面搭配使用on the one hand。否则给读者的印象是你学过连词但是不太会用。
4. 另外代词的使用不错，this, it, they 都能正确使用
Lexical resources 7分
1 use a wide range of vocabulary and allowsome
flexibility and precision
首段的对题目的paraphrase做的相当不错！
但是末尾段基本属于照抄题目了，很可能不算在字数里面。建议你学习一下结尾段的写法。
定冠词和不定冠词的使用很好
活用动词 learn learning teach teaching
形容词副词能正确使用
2. use less common vocabulary well
popularity foundation curriculum satisfactory extensive
3. use of collocation
Lay a solid foundation, language learning process, advanced teaching method, extensive readings. Grammar 7.5分
1 use a wide range of structures.
简单句即符合基本主谓宾结构
There are several reasons for this.
宾语从句第一段many people argue that xxx第三段it is scientifically proved that xxx
长句第二段despite of xxx, xxx/ 第四段rather than xxx, xxx 第五段第二句话用and连接的两个句子中间还有插入语such as xxx
时间状语从句第三段 my friends who xxxx when they were xxx 第四段 when they enter xxx
2 the majority of sentences are error free
3 make occasional mistakes
第四段 Rather than learn a language itself 记得要和后半句的动词形态一致，后面已经是原形learn了，用rather than 就得用原形。
雅思口语评分标准(官方完整版) 雅思口语评分标准有助于同学们详细分析自己的雅思口语问题，快速找出个人不足，有针对性的进行训练提升。下面是BC官方公布的雅思口语评分标准,共分为：流利度和连贯性、词汇多样性、语法多样性及准确性、发音四项。具体评分标准如下。 雅思口语评分标准(官方完整版) 分数 流利性与连贯性 词汇多样性 语法多样性及准确性 发音 9 表达流利，极少出现重复或自我纠正的情况；出现犹豫是基于思考内容，而非寻找合适的词汇或语法 表达连贯，衔接手段的使用完全恰当 完全且恰当地展开话题 准确自如地使用词汇来谈论任何话题 自然且准确地使用习语 自如得体地使用语法结构 除了出现英语为母语者也会犯的口误外，始终使用准确的语法结构准确运用丰富多样的发音特点，能表达微妙的差异
表达过程中始终灵活地使用各种发音特点 听者理解毫无障碍 8 表达流利，偶尔出现重复或自我纠正的情况；出现犹豫通常是基于思考内容，仅在少数情况下是寻找合适的语言 连贯且恰当地展开话题 词汇使用丰富，运用自如及灵活，表达意思准确 熟练地使用非常见的词汇及习语，偶尔欠准确 按需进行有效的改述 灵活地使用多种语法结构 除极其偶然情况下出现的不当或简单的/非系统性错误外，大部分语句准确无误 使用多样的发音特点 表达过程中灵活地使用多种发音特点，但偶尔出现偏差 表达过程中始终易于听者理解；母语的口音对听者理解的影响极小7 表达详尽，并无明显困难，或不失连贯 有时出现与语言相关的犹豫或出现重复及/或自我纠正 具有一定灵活性地使用一系列连接词和语篇标记 灵活地使用词汇讨论各种话题 使用一些非常见的词汇及习语，对语体及词汇搭配有所认识，但有时词语选择不甚恰当
雅思口语评分标准（官方完整解读版） 什么是雅思口语评分标准 分为四大部分，分别为：f ，v ，g ，p 。 f 者，fluency 也，即流畅。 v 者，vocabulary 也，即词汇。 g 者，grammar 也，即语法。 p 者，pronunciation 也，即发音。 如果你考口语时，f 得6分，v 得6分，g 得5分，p 得6分，总分23，你口语成绩为6分。 如果你考口语时，f 得5分，v 得6分，g 得5分，p 得6分，总分22，你口语成绩只有5分。 如果你考口语时，f 得7分，v 得6分，g 得4分，p 得6分，总分23，你口语成绩为6分。 由此可见，只有四项总分至少为23分，那么你才可以得6分的口语成绩，否则，22分也才得5分的成绩。 (可能会有人有疑问，22/4=5.5 ，四舍五入，应该6分的啊，但是，人家考口语，就是要你的尾数大于0.5分才给你加上去的，即23/4=5.75，才有6分。而22分的，就是5分。) 雅思口语评分标准有助于同学们详细分析自己的雅思口语问题，快速找出个人不足，有针对性的进行训练提升。下面是BC 官方公布的雅思口语评分标准,共分为：流利度和连贯性、词汇多样性、语法多样性及准确性、发音四项。具体评分标准如下：
表现出4分水平中所有积极表现，但也表现出6分水平中部分积极表现 含有 2 分水平中部分表现
表达通常无 法理解 雅思口语评分标准的各项是如何打分的 fluency，就是你的口语流畅度。如果在考官问你问题的时候，你可以很流畅地回答，期间没有明显停顿，或没有明显思考的停顿的话(如果用时间计算的话，大概《5秒吧)，那么恭喜你，你在f这个部分，至少有6分。所以，你在回答问题的时候，千万不要有一些思考的情况出现(即脑袋在想应该说些什么，而嘴巴却没有说话)。如果你有停顿(即停下来思考》·5秒)，那么你在这部分最多只能拿5分，甚至更低。 考官跟我们说，如果你不知道如何回答问题的话，可以用一些间接回答法来回答，例如说： i don’t know, but my brother think that .....(我不知道，但我的兄弟认为。。。) i don’t know, but my father think that .....(我不知道，但我的爸爸认为。。。) i don’t know, but my friends thinks that .....(我不知道，但我的朋友们认为。。。) (因为这些都是第三者的观点，你就可以乱吹水吧，只要不离题就行了。) 另外，如果你听不清楚考官问什么问题时，一定要考官重复一遍，这是不会扣你分的，而且是你的权利。因为不同考官口音的不同，有时候会出现听不清楚问题是很正常的，考官是允许你让他重复一次问题的，(这是考口语，又不是考听力，对不?)如果对方重复了一次问题，你还是听不清楚，呵呵，你只好猜了，再要重复，人家可能要扣你分了。你可以说：i’m sorry, do you want me to talk about xxxxx? 总结：反正在f这部分，要求的就是你口语流畅，只要你没有停顿(停下来》·5秒)，那么你在这部分至少就可以得6分。
Some experts believe that it is better for children to begin learning a foreign language at primary school rather than secondary school. Do the advantages of this outweigh the disadvantages? Foreign languages have increasingly gained popularity among students these years, given that the world is shrinking and each country now has a more frequent contact with the outside world. Many people[c1]argue that children should begin learning a foreign language at elementary school, instead of waiting until [c2] they enter secondary school. There are several reasons for this. Firstly, despite the fact that parents do not want to put too much pressure on their children, they also do not want them to lose at the starting line. This means, if the kids start to learn a foreign language early, their parents are relieved from the thought that their kids will have to catch up later on, which is true to some extent. On the other hand, it is scientifically proved that children tend to learn a language faster before the age of 12. As far as I know, my friends who started to learn English when they were six or seven now have a much more satisfactory English level than those who started at12 or 13. So it is wise to have foreign language course in primary school curriculum. Additionally, learning a foreign language at an earlier age can lay children a solid foundation for future studying.Rather than just learning a language itself, children learn a lot more about the learning methods. As a result, when they enter secondary school, they can explore more languages and enrich their knowledge by extensive readings.
IELTS Speaking Module Flow Chart 雅思口语考试流程 Part 1 第一部分 Introduction & Interview（彼此介绍 并谈论一般性话题） Total time总时间: 4 – 5 minutes -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. Introduction questions [You will be asked 4 standard questions] 2. Topic 1 [You will be asked 3-4 questions based on this topic]
3. Topic 2 [You will be asked 3-4 questions based on this topic] 4. Topic 3 [You will be asked 3-4 questions based on this topic] Part 2 第二部分 Individual Long Turn（个人表述） Total time总时间: 3 – 4 minutes -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. Preparation Time [You are given 1 minute to prepare]
雅思评分标准：2010年雅思写作评分标准 2010最新详细的雅思写作评分标准。雅思写作评分小作文、大作文分别评分，总分相加，得到两项的平均分，便是雅思写作的总分。而雅思小作文及大作文的评分标准不同，但都是以文章完成度、结构联结、内容丰富程度，以及语法词汇的准确度四项分别评分，之后取均分得到每篇作文的成绩。下面是详细的从9分到0分的评分标准。 IELTS Writing Band Descriptors: Task 1 Band Task achievement Coherence and cohesion Lexical resource Grammatical range and accuracy 9 ?fully satisfies all the requirements of the task ?clearly presents a fully developed response ?uses cohesion in such a way that it attracts no attention ?skilfully manages paragraphing ?uses a wide range of vocabulary with very natural and sophisticated control of lexical features; rare minor errors occur only as ‘slips’ ?uses a wide range of structures with full flexibility and accuracy; rare minor errors occur only as ‘slips’ 8 ?covers all requirements of the task sufficiently ?presents, highlights and illustrates key features/ bullet points clearly and appropriately ?sequences information and ideas logically ?manages all aspects of cohesion well ?uses paragraphing sufficiently and appropriately ?uses a wide range of vocabulary fluently and flexibly to convey precise meanings ?skilfully uses uncommon lexical items but there may be occasional inaccuracies in word choice and collocation
2018年最新雅思口语评分标准 今天三立在线教育雅思网为大家讲解下2018年最新雅思口语评分标准，备考雅思考试的各位烤鸭，赶紧来看看吧！ 雅思考试评分标准包括：语言的流利度和连贯性，词汇变换，句式丰富性和语法准确性，发音。雅思考试考官按这四项评分标准分别评等级分，并且这四项是同等重要的。 下面我们来了解一下雅思口语评分细则： 标准一：Fluency and coherence 流利度与连贯性 6分标准 ①is willing to speak at length, though may lose coherence at times due to occasional repetition, self-correction or hesitation。表现出充分交流的意愿，但有时由于偶尔的重复、自我纠正或犹豫而缺乏连贯性。这里说的充分交流的意愿具体体现在回答的长度上，具体到每一个部分，Part1的每个问题建议回答3-5句话，Part2的时间控制在1分30秒到2分钟，Part3的每个问题至少回答5句话，上不封顶。要特别注意，偶尔的重复、自我纠正或由于导致的连贯性缺乏在6分的标准下是被允许的，但是要杜绝由于背诵大段文章所导致的不流利现象。 ②uses a range of connectives and discourse markers but not always appropriately。能使用一系列连接词及语篇标记，但无法保持一贯恰当。这里的connectives指的是逻辑连接词，比如表示列举的firstly, secondly,finally等，表示转折关系的but,however等，表示因果关系的so,thus,therefore等。这里的discourse markers指的是“口水词”，这些词没有具体的意义，但能在口语表达中起到润滑作用，使表达更口语化，比如well,you know等。 标准二：Lexical resource 词汇多样性 6分标准 ①has a wide enough vocabulary to discuss topics at length and make meaning clear in spite of inappropriacies。有足以详尽讨论各种话题的词汇量，虽然有时使用不当但意思表达清晰。这个要求中写到a wide enough vocabulary，而不是单词越高级越好，口语的词汇和写作有很大的区别，不能通用，很多写作词汇用到口语里就会显得非常不自然和奇怪，反而会影响打分。另外，不能直接去字典里查出中文所对应的英文单词直接用到口语中，比如establish,build,construct在字典里都有建立的意思，但是后两个可以和具体的建筑物搭配，第一个应搭配抽象的名词，比如目标。 ②generally paraphrases successfully基本上能成功地进行改述。Paraphrase在口语里非常重要，能用自己已经掌握的表达方式来表达自己的意思，可以用一句话来解释一个单词或者换一种方式来表达，考官会考察这种能力，而不仅仅是考察你词汇量的大小。 标准三：Grammatical range and accuracy语法多样性及准确性
[雅思写作评分标准2017]雅思写作评分标准【教育公文写作】 (1) [雅思写作评分标准]雅思写作的准备方法 对绝大多数学生来说，写作是雅思4门考试中最难的。很多同学从来就没有用英文写过文章，但写作反应一个人的综合英语水平，它又是4门中最重要的。对于基础班的同学来说，他们最大的问题是词汇和语法，而语言恰恰是写作的评分标准之一，没有好的语言，思路和结构再好也没有用。所以提高语言运用的准确性是第一个要解决的问题。我最近刚开始教一个基础班，第一次不限字数让学生写一个印象最深的人。交上来的文章出现最大的问题就是语言表达。他们的思路很好，内容也比较充实，但是语法错误通篇都是，词汇量也很小。 对于这种情况，首先要做的就是帮助他们梳理语法结构。因为这些学生有一定的英语基础但是很不扎实，语法虽然知道但是漏洞很多，我给他们讲解语法时尽量简单，比如讲到动词不定式的复合结构作主语的情况时，必须要用形式主语来表示。学生会觉得这些理论知识很难记，这时我就让
他们背这样一个一般结构：It is +adj+for sb. to do sth. 写作的最终目的是要写出准确的句子，所以在讲语法时给学生总结一些句型比单纯的讲语法会更容易让他们接受。又如，在讲到当动词不定式作定语时，一般与被修饰词有动宾关系，如果动词不定式为不及物动词，则在动词不定式后加上相应的介词。很多学生刚听这个会觉得很抽象，我就举了这个例子：Please give the child a pen to write with. 在判断到底要不要在动词后面加介词时，只要把to后面的动词和相应的宾语做一个动宾搭配，看意思是否正确即可，因为只能说write with a pen，而不能说write a pen。 (2) [雅思写作评分标准]雅思作文评分标准细则 雅思考试（IELTS），全称国际英语语言测试系统，外文名International English Language Testing System，由剑桥大学考试委员会外语考试部、英国文化协会及IDP教育集团共同管理，是一种针英语能力，下面就是小编整理的雅思作文评分标准细则，一起来看一下吧。 雅思作文评分标准细则解读 1. Task response & Task achievement
雅思口语不同分数段评分标准解读 一、雅思口语4分水平 1. 词汇的准确性和灵活性：全部使用最简单的词汇来描述个人观点，对于不熟悉的话题中会出现多处词汇使用不当之处;几乎没有用到 高分表达或者短语搭配，基本无词汇替换意识，同一词汇可能出现5 次以上。 2. 基础语法和高级语法使用：不能准确区分时态，主谓一致，甚 至出现he/she不分的情况;高分句式使用0句,或错误>10处。 3. 发音准确性和语音语调：错误发音在5处以上，个别地方考官 无法分辨你说的内容;词汇和句子均没有明显的语调，平淡，像念书。 4. 流利度和连贯性：内容完全无逻辑，缺乏连接词使用，经常出 现不必要的停顿，停顿或者“er…ah….”次数大于7-8次以上且停顿 时间在5秒以上或自我更正次数大于7-8次;用单个的词回答考官问题，对每个问题几乎没有实行扩展，完全类似于审问的形式 二、雅思口语5分水平 1. 词汇的准确性和灵活性：使用简单词汇过多或者字典英语痕迹 明显，使用大量在国外生活里从来不用的超级大词;有1-3处的固定搭 配或者俗语，谚语，有同义替换意识，出现3次以下的同义重复，替 换不够充分。 语法： 2. 基础语法和高级语法使用：基本全是简单句，每隔几句就有少 量的时态或者单复数错误;高分句式使用1-3句或错误6-10处。 3. 发音准确性和语音语调：考官能够听懂你的内容，但1-3处需 要考官仔细辨认或者猜测。考官不享受和你的对话，希望考试时间快
点过去;单词重音分辨基本准确，但句子中没有明显的语音语调变化， 有明显的背诵痕迹。 流利连贯： 4. 流利度和连贯性：有1-2个简单逻辑连接词，如and,but.不必要的停顿及自我更正次数在5-7次左右或者出现超级流畅，说话没有 轻重缓急，能够解读为背书的情况;偶尔会用完整句子来回答考官问题，但对考官问题扩展有限，仅限于回答考官问题，类似于审问。 三、雅思口语6分水平 1. 词汇的准确性和灵活性：用词比较准确，适当时候会用一些有 难度的词汇，但1/3的难词被错误使用;有3-5处的固定搭配或者俗语，谚语，有同义替换意识，但个别地方会有使用不当之处。 2. 基础语法和高级语法使用：简单句为主，但是能零散的用复杂句，基础语法错误基本消除，但扔存有一些高端的语法错误，如介词 或连词使用不准确;高分句式使用3-5句或错误4-6处。 3. 发音准确性和语音语调：考官能比较容易的听懂你的内容，1- 3处发音不够标准，但不影响交流和理解。个别地方会出现英式和美式发音的交叉使用;清楚分辨单词重音及句子的重读部分，但连读和弱读 不明显。 4. 流利度和连贯性流畅度：有3-5个逻辑连接词的有效使用。偶 尔出现不连贯，不必要的停顿次数在3-5次左右;能说出完整的句子， 但是每隔几句一定会有不连贯的地方。有可能出现较长时间的令人尴 尬的停顿，但次数低于3次。 四、雅思口语7分水平 1. 词汇的准确性和灵活性：清楚分辨小词和大词的使用特点，偶 尔有用词不当，但不影响整体意思的表达;有5处以上的固定搭配或者 俗语，谚语，有非常强的同义替换意识，且基本都准确。
雅思考试评分标准 雅思考试评分工作由经过训练的评分人员和考官在考试中心进行。每隔一年对雅思考官进行测评，以确保评分符合雅思考试评分标准。在每个考试中心，会进行系统化的监测，并对一定比例的答题纸实施双重阅卷。雅思评分标准采用国际认可的9分制评分系统，充分包含了听说读写四项能力，准确反映考生的语言水平。 记录在成绩单上的，包括一个总分，及听力、阅读、写作和口语四个单项分，各科都是1-9分的评分制，四个项目独立记分，最后所得成绩取四项成绩的平均值。总分和四个单项分均允许半分。
九个分数段及其描述如下： 雅思听力评分标准 雅思听力达到6分需要在总共40题中对23-26题。 附上雅思听力评分标准（A类与G类是一样的）：
雅思阅读评分标准 雅思阅读考试的评分标准是分为A类和G类两种的。针对留学和移民的考生，有不同的评分标准。
雅思写作评分标准 首先雅思写作考试要求在60分钟内完成两篇作文（Task 1 and Task 2）。写作中，以移民为主的培训类（General Training）和以留学为主的学术类（Academic）试题类型是不同的。 Task1(20分钟，150字) G类:书信类题目，投诉信，请求信，建议信，邀请信等 A类：图表题，曲线图，柱状图等，也有流程图和示意图等
Task2(40分钟，250字) A类与G类相同，考生可能需要对某个观点发表支持或反驳意见，或者讨论针锋相对的一组观点，或者解释某种问题出现的原因并提出相应的解决办法。 评分并不是两部分平均，而是以Task2为主 由于考题不同，考量标准也会略有不同。以下是写作评分标准： Task 1 Task Fulfillment (完成任务) G类：书信作文应该完成书信的使命，题目里的每一项要求都不可或缺。 A类：图表作文应该在对于图表所给出的数据进行分析的基础上指出图表的总体趋势和走向，并点明与总趋势不相吻合的特殊之处，而且还要有数据的支持Coherence and Cohesion (连贯与衔接) 文章通过一定的衔接手段(CohesiveDevices)来表明上下文的连贯性(Coherence)。衔接手段，或叫语篇纽带，经常用的有(logical)逻辑、(grammatical)语法和(semantic)语义三方面的连接词(connectors) Vocabulary and Sentence Structure (词汇和句子构成)
雅思口语评分标准 第一：流利度和连贯性；简答来说连贯性就是逻辑，一个人说话是否有层次、有重点。第二是词汇资源；除了很多考生粗暴理解的要有广泛的词汇量以外，其实还有很重要的要求。第三：语法的多样性和准确度。最后是：语音。 我们先来看流利度和连贯性。在雅思口语中，除了willingness to speak at length是前提，必须尽可能自然地使用a wide range of connectives，把不同的信息点做有效的衔接，不管你想表达出因果的逻辑、递进的、并列的、还是让步的、或者转折等等。但是，这里又需要另外一点：但凡说到衔接词，很多考生第一时间能到或者潜意识中就会用出来的衔接词是and, but, because, so！ 但我想说的是，除了这些最最最基本的，更重要的是：自然地、恰当地使用语气词、语篇标记做衔接！什么叫语气词或者语篇标记？简单且粗暴地来说就是没有太多实际含义、但是我一说出来，你大概就知道我接下来要干什么的东西！ 比如：well, you know actually I was going to say … / so basically this means … / it is no exaggeration to say that … / to be honest, …在这里，你并不是真的要去跟谁坦白，而只是一种语气的表达、引出接下来的说话内容，是符合人与人之间真正的语言交流的！这些东西就像是润滑剂、润滑油，当它们滴在工具上的时候，用起工具起来就会非常顺手！你说出的话就不会让人觉得生硬、或者尬聊！或者更严重的：像背诵的答案！ 第二，在雅思口语考试中，你的词汇也很重要，但更重要的是你要知道怎么去恰当的用这些词汇或短语，而不是意味着为了用词而用词，否则你在考官面前很有可能被判定为：故意炫耀词汇！那么，从什么维度来判断你在评分标准下表现得还不错呢？ 首先，由于雅思口语话题范围特别广，话题特别多，所以你确实要尽可能储备多的词汇。比如：运动的类型？运动的好处？表达对运动的喜好的方式？除了常见的be crazy about, be into, be a fan of, be passionate about等等常见的词组短语，是否有约定俗成的、习语的、少见的表达方式呢？而这些表达方式一定很难很高大上么？当然不是，一个简单的sporty就足以表达出你对运动的喜爱。同样，在谈论天气的时候，除了用hot表达很热，还可以使用boiling, burning, searing hot等方式。 另外，在这个评分标准下面还有一件非常重要的事情你需要去做，那就是： Paraphrase！简单说就是同意替换：把自己已经说过的内容，通过使用不一样的方式再次表述，以达到让意思更加清楚或强调的作用。
雅思口语评分标准四大部分 一：先说说雅思口语评分标准，分为四大部分。 分别为：f，v，g，p。 f者，fluency也，即流畅。 v者，vocabulary也，即词汇。 g者，grammar也，即语法。 p者，pronunciation也，即发音。如果你考口语时，f得6分，v得6分，g得5分，p得6分，总分23，那么恭喜你，你口语成绩为6分。如果你考口语时，f得5分，v得6分，g得5分，p得6分，总分22，那么很遗憾，你口语成绩只有5分。 如果你考口语时，f得7分，v得6分，g得4分，p得6分，总分23，那么恭喜你，你口语成绩为6分。由此可见，只有四项总分至少为23分，那么你才可以得6分的口语成绩，否则，22分也才得5分的成绩。 (可能会有人有疑问，22/4=5.5，四舍五入，应该6分的啊，但是，人家考口语，就是要你的尾数大于0.5分才给你加上去的，即23/4=5.75，才有6分。而22分的，就是5分。) 二：再说说各个部分是如何评分的。 f：即fluency，就是你的口语流畅度。如果在考官问你问题的时候，你可以很流畅地回答，期间没有明显停顿，或没有明显思考的停顿的话(如果用时间计算的话，大概《5秒吧)，那么恭喜你，你在f这个部分，至少有6分。所以，你在回答问题的时候，千万不要有一些思考的情况出现(即脑袋在想应该说些什么，而嘴巴却没有说话)。 如果你有停顿(即停下来思考》·5秒)，那么你在这部分最多只能拿5分，甚至更低。考官跟我们说，如果你不知道如何回答问题的话，可以用一些间接回答法来回答，例如说：i don’t know, but my brother think that .....(我不知道，但我的兄弟认为。。。) i don’t k now, but my father think that .....(我不知道，但我的爸爸认为。。。) i don’t know, but my friends thinks that .....(我不知道，但我的朋友们认为。。。) (因为这些都是第三者的观点，你就可以乱吹水吧，只要不离题就行了。) 另外，如果你听不清楚考官问什么问题时，一定要考官重复一遍，这是不会扣你分的，而且是你的权利。因为不同考官口音的不同，有时候会出现听不清楚问题是很正常的，考官是允许你让他重复一次问题的，(这是考口语，又不是考听力，对不?)如果对方重复了一次问题，你还是听不清楚，呵呵，你只好猜了，再要重复，人家可能要扣你分了。你可以说：i’m sorry, do you want me to talk about xxxxx? 总结：反正在f 这部分，要求的就是你口语流畅，只要你没有停顿(停下来》·5秒)，那么你在这部分至少就可以得6分。 v：即vocabulary，就是你说口语时所用到的词汇。其实，在这部分，一般很容易拿到6分的，只要你不要用错词汇。而且，在考口语时，也不需要你说一些多难多深奥的词汇，只要说一些一般的语汇就ok了。因为，即使是考官，他在平时说英语的时候，也不会用多深奥的词汇。就如你在平常生活，会跟别人说文言文，或之乎者也吗?所以，在v这部分，你所说的词汇，能简单就简单，而且要直接明白，能让考官知道和清楚你的意思。如果你要用高深的词汇也可以，但千万别用错词意了。例如说：“我认为...”，你可以用： i think that .... i figure that .... 虽然两个都有“我认为”的意思，但后者的figure明显比前先的think要深奥，且不常用。你不要认为figure会比think的效果要好得多，其实并不然。在英语中，think直接明了，是很formal的(正式的)。而figure却是informal(不正式的)，而且还是very informal(非常不正式的)。英国的雅思老师说，最好不要使用figure为“认为”，无论在任何场合，因为是
IELTS Task 1 Writing band descriptors (public version) Band Task Achievement Coherence and Cohesion Lexical Resource Grammatical Range and Accuracy 9 fully satisfies all the requirements of the task clearly presents a fully developed response uses cohesion in such a way that it attracts no attention skilfully manages paragraphing uses a wide range of vocabulary with very natural and sophisticated control of lexical features; rare minor errors occur only as ‘slips’ uses a wide range of structures with full flexibility and accuracy; rare minor errors occur only as ‘slips’ 8 covers all requirements of the task sufficiently presents, highlights and illustrates key features / bullet points clearly and appropriately sequences information and ideas logically manages all aspects of cohesion well uses paragraphing sufficiently and appropriately uses a wide range of vocabulary fluently and flexibly to convey precise meanings skilfully uses uncommon lexical items but there may be occasional inaccuracies in word choice and collocation produces rare errors in spelling and/or word formation uses a wide range of structures the majority of sentences are error-free makes only very occasional errors or inappropriacies 7 covers the requirements of the task (Academic) presents a clear overview of main trends, differences or stages (General Training) presents a clear purpose, with the tone consistent and appropriate clearly presents and highlights key features / bullet points but could be more fully extended logically organises information and ideas; there is clear progression throughout uses a range of cohesive devices appropriately although there may be some under-/over-use uses a sufficient range of vocabulary to allow some flexibility and precision uses less common lexical items with some awareness of style and collocation may produce occasional errors in word choice, spelling and/or word formation uses a variety of complex structures produces frequent error-free sentences has good control of grammar and punctuation but may make a few errors 6 addresses the requirements of the task (Academic) presents an overview with information appropriately selected (General Training) presents a purpose that is generally clear; there may be inconsistencies in tone presents and adequately highlights key features / bullet points but details may be irrelevant, inappropriate or inaccurate arranges information and ideas coherently and there is a clear overall progression uses cohesive devices effectively, but cohesion within and/or between sentences may be faulty or mechanical may not always use referencing clearly or appropriately uses an adequate range of vocabulary for the task attempts to use less common vocabulary but with some inaccuracy makes some errors in spelling and/or word formation, but they do not impede communication uses a mix of simple and complex sentence forms makes some errors in grammar and punctuation but they rarely reduce communication
- 7- https://www.doczj.com/doc/f59553339.html, https://www.doczj.com/doc/f59553339.html, Band Fluency and coherence Lexical resource Grammatical range and accuracy Pronunciation 9 speaks fluently with only rare repetition or self-correction; any hesitation is content-related rather than to find words or grammar speaks coherently with fully appropriate cohesive features develops topics fully and appropriately uses vocabulary with full flexibility and precision in all topics uses idiomatic language naturally and accurately uses a full range of structures naturally and appropriately produces consistently accurate structures apart from ‘slips’ characteristic of native speaker speech uses a full range of pronunciation features with precision and subtlety sustains flexible use of features throughout is effortless to understand 8 speaks fluently with only occasional repetition or self-correction; hesitation is usually content-related and only rarely to search for language develops topics coherently and appropriately uses a wide vocabulary resource readily and flexibly to convey precise meaning uses less common and idiomatic vocabulary skilfully, with occasional inaccuracies uses paraphrase effectively as required uses a wide range of structures flexibly produces a majority of error-free sentences with only very occasional inappropriacies or basic/non-systematic errors uses a wide range of pronunciation features sustains flexible use of features, with only occasional lapses is easy to understand throughout; L1 accent has minimal effect on intelligibility 7 speaks at length without noticeable effort or loss of coherence may demonstrate language-related hesitation at times, or some repetition and/or self-correction uses a range of connectives and discourse markers with some flexibility uses vocabulary resource flexibly to discuss a variety of topics uses some less common and idiomatic vocabulary and shows some awareness of style and collocation, with some inappropriate choices uses paraphrase effectively uses a range of complex structures with some flexibility frequently produces error-free sentences, though some grammatical mistakes persist shows all the positive features of band 6 and some, but not all, the positive features of band 8 6 is willing to speak at length, though may lose coherence at times due to occasional repetition, self-correction or hesitation uses a range of connectives and discourse markers but not always appropriately has a wide enough vocabulary to discuss topics at length and make meaning clear in spite of inappropriacies generally paraphrases successfully uses a mix of simple and complex structures, but with limited flexibility may make frequent mistakes with complex structures, though these rarely cause comprehension problems uses a range of pronunciation features with mixed control shows some effective use of features but this is not sustained can generally be understood throughout, though mispronunciation of individual words or sounds reduces clarity at times 5 usually maintains flow of speech but uses repetition, self-correction and/or slow speech to keep going may over-use certain connectives and discourse markers produces simple speech fluently, but more complex communication causes fluency problems manages to talk about familiar and unfamiliar topics but uses vocabulary with limited flexibility attempts to use paraphrase but with mixed success produces basic sentence forms with reasonable accuracy uses a limited range of more complex structures, but these usually contain errors and may cause some comprehension problems shows all the positive features of band 4 and some, but not all, the positive features of band 6 4 cannot respond without noticeable pauses and may speak slowly, with frequent repetition and self-correction links basic sentences but with repetitious use of simple connectives and some breakdowns in coherence is able to talk about familiar topics but can only convey basic meaning on unfamiliar topics and makes frequent errors in word choice rarely attempts paraphrase produces basic sentence forms and some correct simple sentences but subordinate structures are rare errors are frequent and may lead to misunderstanding uses a limited range of pronunciation features attempts to control features but lapses are frequent mispronunciations are frequent and cause some difficulty for the listener 3 speaks with long pauses has limited ability to link simple sentences gives only simple responses and is frequently unable to convey basic message uses simple vocabulary to convey personal information has insufficient vocabulary for less familiar topics attempts basic sentence forms but with limited success, or relies on apparently memorised utterances makes numerous errors except in memorised expressions shows some of the features of band 2 and some, but not all, the positive features of band 4 2 pauses lengthily before most words little communication possible only produces isolated words or memorised utterances cannot produce basic sentence forms speech is often unintelligible 1 no communication possible no rateable language 0 does not attend