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广东省广州市2018年中考英语试题word版含解析.docx

广东省广州市2018年中考英语试题word版含解析.docx
广东省广州市2018年中考英语试题word版含解析.docx

2018 年广州市初中毕业生学业考试

英语

一、语法选择(共15 小题;每小题 1 分,满分15 分)

阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,从1~15 各题所给的A、

B、 C 和 D 项中选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Xian Xinghai was a very famous musician in China. He wrote one of the greatest pieces of

music of the 20th century. In his short life he wrote 1 300 songs and an opera.

Xian was born in Panyu, Guangdong, China in 1905. Because his father died before he was

born, Xian moved from place to place with 2 mother. He began learning to play 3violin

when he was 20 years old. In the beginning, his violin was 4 cheap and badly made that he5

not play it well. His friends laughed at him. Xian did not stop 6 and soon showed his talent. In

1934, he was one of the first Chinese students 7 studied in a special music school in Paris.

Before he 8 , Xian became the school’ s best9 studentwonseveral prizes for his talents.

In 1935, he returned to China and helped fight against the Japanese army. Later, he came to

Yan’ an10 music at a college. 11 there were no pianos in Yan’a nat that time, Xian still

wrote 12 of his most important music there, including The Yellow River, his most famous work.

In May 1940, Xian 13 to the Soviet Union by the Chinese Communist Party to write

music for movies. In the Soviet Union, life was very 14 . Xian got sick and later died of a lung

illness 15 October 30, 1945, aged only 40. Xian ’ s music, however, lives on in the people’ s hearts.

1.A. near B. nearly C. nearby D. nearer

2.A. he B. him C. his D. he ’s

3.A. a B. an C. the D. this

4.A. so B. such C. very D. much

5.A. need B. may C. should D. could

6.A. practise B. practising C. to practise D. practised

7.A. what B. which C. whom D. who

8.A. leave B. leaves C. left D. was leaving

9.A. and B. but C. as D. or

10.A. teach B. taught C. teaching D. to teach

11.A. If B. Although C. When D. Because

12.A. any B. little C. few D. some

13.A. sent B. was sent C. has sent D. was sending

14.A. hard B. harder C. hardest D. the hardest

15.A. at B. in C. on D. by

二、完形填空 (共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分15 分 )

阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从16~25 各题所给的 A 、 B、 C 和 D 项中选出最佳

选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Before graduating college, Jackie began to look for a job. She aimed at a famous company,

but the 16 for such jobs was very strong. The company Jackie chose planned to employ only

one person, but more than twenty people applied for the job. 17 , Jackie was one of the three

people invited for the final interview. The interview was very 18 . The interviewer asked just a

few questions and it was all over in less than 10 m inutes. Then the interviewer said to them,“ All of you are very good. Please go home and 19 our response. ”

Three days later, Jackie received a message saying she would not be 20 the job. She felt

deeply disappointed. That evening, however, she received another 21 . This time it said that she

got the job.

Jackie later found out that the first message sent to her phone was part of the interview— a

22 to see if she was suitable for the job. All the three people received the 23text, but only

Jackie ’replys 24 the company. Of the three, one did not reply. The other said “ goodbye and”

Jackie said “ thankyou ” This.reply showed that Jackie was a/an 25 person, so the company

offered her the job.

16.A. exam B. work C. competition D. plan

17.A. Thankfully B. Unluckily C. Hopefully D. Immediately

18.A. long B. strict C. interesting D. simple

19.A. pick up B. wait for C. deal with D. think of

20.A. offered B. returned C. refused D. shown

21.A. letter B. e-mail C. call D. message

22.A. guide B. conversation C. test D. lesson

23.A. same B. other C. second D. whole

24.A. reached B. satisfied C. helped D. surprised

25.A. brave B. clever C. polite D. honest

三、阅读(共两节;满分45 分 )

第一节阅读理解(共阅读下列短文,从20 小题;每小题

26~45 各题所给的

2 分,满分

A 、B、 C

40 分 )

和 D 项中选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上

将该项涂黑。

(A)

For his eleventh birthday, Lin was given a gift that would shape his life. On that day his father took him to the Children’ s Activity Centreidhe andcouldsachoose any course that

interested him. There was just one requirement: Lin would have to promise to study it for at least

one year.

To that point Lin had had many hobbies, but none kept his interest for more than a week or

two. His mum once gave him a bag of stamps to encourage stamp collecting. That hobby lasted a week. Then his father got him some paints hoping that Lin ’ s artistic side would shine through. Those paints were now under his bed, still unopened. This time Lin him’ sdecideparents. would let

“ Photography” . He liked the idea of taking beautiful pictures but the notice said that each student

needed their own camera. Although Lin ’familys weren ’poor,t they weren ’richt either, and a camera

cost a lot of money. He continued looking.

The next course to catch his eye was “ Language Art ” . He didn ’ t even know what that meant. His father explained that it taught people how to make public speeches. Lin, a shy boy, could think of nothing worse.

Then he saw it. “ Cooking ” sounded like something he ’ d like to do. It was inexpensive and convenient, it

could be done alone and it was also creative.

Based on Lin ’hobbys history, his dad had doubts, but he agreed. Much to his parents ’ surprise,

Lin kept his promise. He studied cooking at the Centre every Saturday, and practised at home, making

delicious meals for his family. Everyone looked forward to birthdays, when they could eat his cakes. Lin

got great satisfaction from the pleasure his food brought to others.

The months turned to years but his hobby never changed again.

Now Lin is an adult and runs a successful restaurant. When customers say they enjoy his meal,

he still gets the same pleasure he did as a child, and remembers the special gift he received all

those years ago.

26.Why didn ’ t Lin choose to studyphotography?

A.It was too expensive.

B.He had no interest in it.

C.He was not very creative.

D.It was not offered that term.

27.The underlined expression“ catchinhisParagrapheye”4 means“”.

A. make him excited

B. cause him sur prise

C. get his attention

D. help him see clearly

28.Which of the following best describes Lin ’interesting cooking?

A.It only lasted for a short time.

B.It seemed to match his character.

C.It was forced on him by his parents.

D.It developed slowly over many months.

29.Why did the father have doubts about Lin ’choices of cooking?

2018年中考真题

A. Lin wasn’ t goodat cooking.

C. He didn’ t thinkLin would continue.B. Cooking wasn

D. Cooking wasn

’ t veryconvenient.

’oodtaghobby for a boy.

30. What’thes best title for the passage?

A. A Strict Father

C. The Fun of Cooking

B. A Changeable Boy D. The Birthday Gift

(B)

Experts believe that there are more than 8 million restaurants in the world today. So it might

surprise you to learn that restaurants, as we know them, have only existed for a few centuries.

Before 1765, there were no restaurants. That is, there were no places that provided the restaurant

experience. There was nowhere in which a waiter brought you food and drink that you picked

from a menu. In fact, there were no menus anywhere.

There were eating places travellers could go to centuries before that. The countryside was

full of inns that would serve food. And there were taverns where one could get drinks. The rich

could also eat special meals prepared by private cooks. But none of them could be called a

“ restaurant”.

A man called Boulanger changed that. In 1765, he opened a place in Paris that sold soups

( 汤 ). On his sign he used the word“ restaurant” to describe what he was selling. At that time,

soups were considered something that could help恢“复restore)your health”(—in French the

word “ restore ” is “ restaur—soh e rcalled” the soups “ restaurantson,people”. startedSo

buying Boulanger ’soups even when they were not ill. And over time, people began to use the

word “ restaurant ” to refer to a place selling soup rather than the soup itself. More“ restaur in France, and people began to buy soups more often.

Later, restaurants in Paris began to serve other food besides soup. In the 1790s, menus started

to appear. By the mid-1800s, there were many types of restaurants throughout the world. The

United States offered coffee shops. Tea houses became popular throughout China. Paris created

beautiful restaurants for the rich. The British began to copy the French, and the restaurant idea

spread throughout the British Empire.

Today cities are filled with all types of restaurants. Diners have millions of options from

which to choose.

31.What is the passage mainly about?

A.How restaurants developed.

B.What made a good restaurant,

C.Who created the first restaurant.

D.Why restaurants became popular.

32.According to the first paragraph, what made restaurants different from earlier eating places?

A.Restaurants only served food.

B. Restaurants were more expensive.

C. Restaurants were mainly in cities.

D. Restaurants had a list of meal choices.

33.Who did Boulanger expect to come and eat at his restaurant?

A. Rich people.

B. Sick people.

C. Travellers.

D. Workers.

34.When it was first used, what did the word“ restaurantto?” refer

A. A person.

B. A place.

C. Illness.

D. Soup.

35.When did restaurants begin to grow internationally?

A. In the 1600s.

B. In the 1700s.

C. In the 1800s.

D. In the 1900s.

(C)

Many people know that rubbish is a big problem on planet Earth. What many people don

’know is that junk ( 垃圾 ) has become a problem in outer space too.

According to BBC News, there are more than 22,000 pieces of space junk floating around the

earth. And these are just the things that we can see from the surface of the earth by telescopes (望

远镜 ). There are also millions of smaller pieces of junk that we can’t see.

Objects, like bits of old space rockets or satellites, move around the planet at very high

speeds, so fast that even a very small piece can break important satellites or become dangerous

to astronauts. If the tiniest piece of junk crashed into a spaceship, it could damage the vehicle.

For example, when a U.S. satellite hit an old Russian rocket in 2009, it broke into more than

2,000 pieces, increasing the amount of space junk.

in space for 25 years at most. Each tool must be built to fall safely into the earth ’atmosphere

after that time. In the upper parts of the atmosphere, it will burn up.

Many scientists are also suggesting different ways to clean up space junk. In England

scientists are testing metal net that can be fired into space junk. The net catches the junk and then

pulls it into the earth’ s atmosphere to burn up. The Germans are building robots that can collect

pieces of space junk and bring them back to Earth to be safely destroyed.

“ The problem is becoming more challenging because we’ re sending more objects into space

to help people use their mobile phones and computer,” says Marco Castronuovo, an Italian space researcher.

“ The time to act is now. The longer we leave the problem, the bigger it will become,

36.What does the underlined word“ these ” in Paragraphto? 2 refer

A. Telescopes.

B. Satellites.

C. Pieces of space junk.

D. BBC news reports.

37.Why is space junk considered a problem?

A.It burns up after it re-enters the atmosphere.

B.It often stops the view of telescopes on Earth.

C.It could force new space tools to travel at slower speeds.

D.It may crash into other space tools causing damage or death.

38. Countries want future space tools to be able to fall back into the earth ’s atmosphere so that

.

A.the tools can be reused later

B.the tools don’ t become junkspace

C.the earth ’atmosphere can stay clean

D.the effects of space flight can be studied

39.How do the Germans plan to deal with space junk?

A. Catch it with nets.

B. Use robots to collect it.

C. Burn it in the earth’s atmosphere.

D. Send it further away from the earth.

40.In which section of the newspaper would you probably read this article?

A. Environment.

B. Local News.

C. Education.

D. Fashion.

(D)

Science for Kids

This month ’ s most popular books

Women in Science by Rachel Ignotofsky

Price $25

We all know the story of Marie Curie and her many

scientific achievements. But many other brilliant

female scientists are far less well known. This book

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An excellent book about sea life for young children.

The book is divided into 4 parts, one for each of the

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Ages:5-10Order Now

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Bill Bryson takes readers on a very funny and

educational trip through the history of modern

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This book is the perfect introduction to the seven continents. It tells young

readers about the different animals that live on each of these lands and gives a simple description of the people’ s history and culture.

Ages:5-12Order Now

2018年中考真题

41.How are the books on this webpage listed?

A.By price.

B.By popularity.

C.By reader ’s age.

D. By writer name’s.

42. What is true about the book Women in Science?

A. It is mainly about Marie Curie ’s history.

B. It lists all the important scientific achievements.

C. It includes women scientists that aren famous.’t

43. How much will a Bestbooks Book Club member pay in total if he orders First Big B ook of

How and A Really Short History of Nearly Everything today?

A. $34.

B. $30.

C. $26.

D. $24.

44. A primary school student who needs to write a science report about African elephants should

choose.

A.Women in Science

B.First Big Book of How

C.A Really Short History of Nearly Everything

45.What is the main purpose of this webpage?

A.To sell books to young readers.

B.To attract new book club members.

C. To encourage students’ interestsciencein.

D. To review books young readers might like.

第二节阅读填空(共5小题;每小题 1 分,满分 5 分 )

阅读短文及文后A~E 选项,选出可以填入46~50 各题空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Most of us think the telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bell. 46 In fact, an Italian named Antonio Meucci was officially recognised (认定) as the inventor a few years ago.

Who is Meucci and why wasn’ t he known for his invention attime?the

Antonio Meucci was born in Italy in 1808. He studied engineering and drawing. During his studies, Meucci started to experiment with electricity. 47 When two places were connected with wire, people in those places could hear each other talk.

In 1850, Meucci and his wife, Ester, moved to New York. Meucci was worried about his wife, because she had become very ill. 48 To solve this problem, he connected metal cables between his home and his workshop. This way, they could talk to each other conveniently.

2018年中考真题

Meucci invited a group of people to see his new invention. They listened in amazement as the voice of a singer was heard through the wires.

49 Even worse, Meucci never applied for a patent ( 专利 ) on his invention. Meanwhile,

Alexander Graham Bell was working on the same idea and in 1876 the patent for the telephone was given to him.

In 2002, more than a century after Meucci ’death,s his work was finally recognised by the government. 50

A.He discovered that sound could travel through metal cables.

B.However, he wasn ’ t the first person to think of theid a.

C.Unfortunately, only a few people attended this talk.

D. He will now be known all over the world as the telephone inventor.’s

E. He needed to keep in touch with her at all times.

四、写作 (共三节;满分35 分 )

第一节单词拼写 (共 6小题;每小题 1 分,满分 6 分 )

根据下列句子及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。在填写答卷时,要求写出完整单词。

(每空限填一词 )

51.Please open the w and let some fresh air in.

52.The kind boy was happy to s his food with the hungry man.

53.To keep healthy, you should do sports and have a balanced d.

54.N cross the road when the traffic light is red.

55.By reading 30 minutes a day, you can learn more words and i your writing.

56.The students are very h_. They clean houses for the old people every weekend.

第二节完成句子(共7小题;每小题 2 分,满分14 分 )

根据所给的汉语内容,用英语完成下列句子。(每空限填一词 )

57.你沿丝绸之路旅游过吗?

ever along the Silk Road?

58.参观广州博物馆对我们很有教育意义。

very educational for us Guangzhou Museum.

59.明天的大雨可能会阻碍我们外出。

The heavy rain may us from out tomorrow.

60.广州的公园每年都种很多树。

Every year, a lot of trees in the parks in Guangzhou.

61.我昨晚看的那场电影真好笑!

movie I saw last night!

52.我想知道明天我在哪里面。

I wonder meet tomorrow.

63.如果你足心,就不会犯的。

You won’t any simple mistakes you careful enough.

第三面表达 (共 1 ;分15 分 )

你是英校李。校收到初一新生Ben 的来信,他提出了所面的两个。

你根据以下提示写一封回信,明Ben 的,提出你的建并述理由。

Ben’ s problems Your advice and reasons

1.参加学校社 (club)-更多朋友

朋友少,感孤

2. ? (你充 )

1.多英故事、新--在运用中学

2. ? (你充 )

Dear Ben,

I am sorry to hear that you are having trouble getting used to life in middle school. In your letter you said that ...

?

Good luck with everything!

Li Hua 注意:

(1)回信包括所有要点;

(2) 数80左右(信的开和尾已出,不入数);

(3)不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息,否不予分。

2018 年广州市初中毕业生学业考试答案

英语

一、语法选择

题号12345

答案B C C A D

题号678910

答案B D C A D

题号1112131415

答案B D B A C 【解析】

1、【考点】考查形容词副词

【解析】在冼星海短暂的一生中,他写了三百首歌曲和一部歌剧。结合词义nearly,几乎,将近可以得出选项。nearby 在附近的;附近地,故答案选 B 。

【答案】 B

2、【考点】考查人称代词和物主代词

【解析】根据文中可知,是“和他的妈妈”,空格处需要填的是“他的”,即物主代词 his。故答案选 C。

【答案】 C

3、【考点】考查冠词

【解析】根据空格后面的词violin 是西洋乐器,结合冠词知识,弹奏西洋乐器前用定冠

词t he,即可判断。故答案选 C。【答

案】 C

4、【考点】考查固定句式

【解析】观察整个句子可发现后面有that,结合所学句式so, that或者such,that,如此, 以至于 , ,引导结果状语从句;结合句意,表达的是小提琴的状况导致的弹奏不好,

即结果,另外空格后是形容词,不用such,所以可选 so。故答案选 A。【答

案】 A

5、【考点】考查情态动词

【解析】 need 需要; may 可能; should 应该; could 能够,结合句意,表达的是小提琴便宜且做得不好,所以他“不能”拉好琴,可知选could。故答案选D。

【答案】 D

6、【考点】考查非谓语动词

【解析】 stop to do sth,停下正在做的事去做另一件事;本句要表达的是冼星海没有停止练琴,这是他一直在做的事,用故答案选 B。

【答案】 B stop doing sth ,停下正在做的事。

ing 形式,故选practising 。

7、【考点】考查定语从句

【解析】根据句子可以判断是定语从句,定语从句的关系词看先行词,也就是students 在从句中所作成分,这里作主语,可选关系代词that, which , who ,先行词是人,排除which ,结合选项可选who。故答案选D。

【答案】D

8、【考点】考查谓语动词的时态语态

【解析】根据句意可以判断主语冼星海和谓语“际可以判断离开是过去发生的事,用一般过去时,选【答案】 C left ”离开是主动关系,结合上下文和实left 。故答案选C。

9、【考点】考查连词

【解析】根据空格前句句意,冼星海成为学校最好的学生,和空格后句意,他因为他的

才能获得了好几个奖项,可知前后两句是顺承并列的关系,故选and。故答案选 A 。

【答案】 A

10、【考点】考查非谓语动词

【解析】通过分析句子可知此空填非谓语动词,结合动词不定式

这句理解为,冼星海来到延安是为了在一个大学教音乐,符合文意,故选to do

可作目的状语,

to teach。故答案

选 D。

【答案】D

11、【考点】考查状语从句

【解析】根据句意,那时候在延安没有钢琴,冼星海仍然写出了品,前后两句是让步关系,而although 引导让步状语从句,即选

他最重要的作although。故答案选 B 。

【答案】 B

12、【考点】考查不定代词

few和little ,又根【解析】由句子的后面包括《黄河大合唱》,可知是肯定的意义,排除

据这是肯定句,所以选择some。故答案选D。

【答案】 D

13、【考点】考查谓语动词的时态语态

【解析】根据句意可以判断,主语“冼星海”和谓语部分的“送去苏联”是被动

关系,这一点也可以通过句子后面的by 辅助判断,另根据文意和实际,是过去发生的事,

故用一般过去时,选was sent。故答案选B。

【答案】 B

14、【考点】考查形容词的级

【解析】根据句意,在苏联,生活很。可知用形容词作Be 动词的表语,而且没

有比较的范围和对象,故用原级,即选hard。故答案选 A 。

【答案】 A

15、【考点】考查时间介词

【解析】根据后面的时间具体的日期,用介词on。故答案选C。

【答案】 C

二、完形填空

题号1617181920

答案C A D B A

题号2122232425

答案D C A B C

【解析】

16、【考点】考查名词辨析和上下文理解

【解析】由后一句只招收一人,但有二十多人应聘,结合本句,这是一个知名的公司,所以竞争很激烈, exam 测试; work 工作; competition 竞争; plan 计划,故选competition 。故答案选 C。

【答案】 C

2018年中考真题

17、【考点】考查副词辨析和上下文理解

【解析】根据下文,Jakie 能够在二十多个人中脱颖而出,成为最终面试的三个人之一,是一件比较正面的事,选择的时候结合选项词义,Thankfully幸亏,好在,感激地;

Unluckily不幸地,倒霉地;Hopefully但愿,抱有希望地;Immediately立即地,可知选Thankfully 。故答案选 A 。

【答案】 A

18、【考点】考查形容词辨析和上下文理解

【解析】根据后一句,面试只问了几个问题,不到十分钟就结束了,可知面试是很简单

的,结合选项词义, long 长的; strict 严格的; interesting 有趣的; simple 简单的,故选

simple。故答案选 D 。

【答案】 D

19、【考点】考查动词短语辨析和上下文理解

【解析】根据文意,这句话是面试过后,面试官对面试者说的话,句意为,请回家,我

们的回复,可知是面试后等待通知面试结果,空格需填“等待”,结合短语意思,

pick up 捡起,开车接; wait for 等待; deal with 处理; think of 想起;可知选 wait for 。故答案选B。

【答案】 B

20、【考点】考查动词辨析和上下文理解

【解析】根据句意,收到的信息说,Jakie 不会被这份工作,结合后一句她的心

情失望可以知道她没有得到这份工作,综合词义offered 提供; returned 返回,归还;

refused 拒绝; shown 展示,可知选offered。故答案选 A 。

【答案】 A

21、【考点】考查名词辨析和上下文理解

【解析】由句子中的 another 另一可知,前面收到过,而且是告知面试结果的,结合前一句可知是 message。故答案选 D。

【答案】 D

22、【考点】考查名词辨析和上下文理解

2018年中考真题

【解析】根据文意可知,第一个短信是面试的一部分,是用来看她是否适合这份工作的

一个,结合选项词义, guide 向导; conversation 对话; test 测试; lesson 课,教训,可知选择

test。故答案选 C。

【答案】 C

23、【考点】考查形容词辨析和上下文理解

【解析】根据后文讲述三个人是否回复短信以及回复的内容,结合上题短信是面试的一

部分,可知三个人收到了同样的一条信息,故选same。故答案选 A 。

【答案】 A

24、【考点】考查动词辨析和上下文理解

【解析】由后文可知,Jakie 被录用了,结合本句Jakie 的回复是面试的一部分,可以判

断她的回复令该公司满意。故选satisfied 。故答案选 B 。

【答案】 B

25、【考点】考查形容词和上下文理解

【解析】根据本段内容可知,和其他两个竞争者相比,Jakie 的回复更为礼貌,其他的

品质brave 勇敢的; clever 聪明的; honest 诚实的,在文中都没有体现,故答案选C。

【答案】 C

三、阅读

第一节阅读理解

( A)

题号2627282930

答案A C B C D 【解析】

26、【考点】细节题

【解析】从文章第三段“He liked the idea of taking beautiful pictures but the notice said that

each student needed their own camera. Although Lin’ s family weren’ t poor, they weren’ t rich either”可知,虽然Lin喜欢美丽的图片,但是学习摄影需要每个人有自己的照相机,而他

的家庭又不富裕,因此他不选择学习摄影这门课程。故答案选 A 。

【答案】 A

27、【考点】猜词题

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2018年广东省广州市中考数学试卷及解析

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x x x O O O O B C D C B A 二、填空题?100ABAB11. 同圆中,已知弧所对的圆心角是,则.弧所对的圆周角是 2?1?2x?x.分解因式:12. ?x5?1xx?和,则.13. 一个正数的平方根分别是O 0?b?1a?b??1a?,则.已知14. D A 2ABCDBC?4CD?AD为直径的,以如图,矩形,中,15. B C E BCOBDE积面则阴影半圆部与分相切于点,连接的,.为 3?yBOA?BA0x?在双曲线2,)上,点,顶点(16. 如图,已知等边的坐标为( 1111xBABAAABOAABBx作交,得到∥∥交双曲线于点,过轴于点0).过作22122121112ABBAAABBAA?BABB∥交第二个等边作交双曲线于点∥;过作,过323333222211221B?BABBx轴于点,得到第三个等边.;以此类推,…,则点的坐标为63233 bBnAm?i、(3,0),、…,、1略解:设(2,),y iiiii 3bb??bb1221?)b(bn???m?b,,则A212121 222A2 A3 32222?3mn(b?b)?4b??b由,得,x1212 O BB4B1 2 3 28?b2?b∵,,∴212222222264??b4??b4??b4??bbbbb?b2.,从而得,,,同理,得665432345 2

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