Beijing, China
Beijing Literally means “Northern capital” Metropolis in northern China Capital of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) Second Largest city in term of population, after Shanghai (15.38 million) One of the six ancient cities in China Climate Monsoon-influenced humid continental Hot humid summers Harshly cold, windy, dry winters Average temperatures January: 19 to 24 degrees F July: 77-79 degrees F May: High 78 Low 57 Annual Precipitation: 25.1 inches Climate Beijing suffers from heavy pollution and poor air quality from industry and traffic. Dust from erosion of deserts in northern and northwest China result in seasonal dust storms that plague the city. In the first four months of 2006 there were no fewer than eight such storms. Lately efforts have been made to clean up Beijing in preparation for the 2008 summer Olympics. Economy In 2005, Beijing’s nominal GDP was 681.45 billion RMB (about 84 billion USD). Year-on-year growth of 11.1[%] Urban disposable income per capita was 17,653 Yuan. Real increase of 12.9[%] from the previous year. Increasingly known for its innovative entrepreneurs and high-growth start-ups. This culture is backed by a large community of both Chinese and foreign venture capital firms. Economy Guomao area- center of the Beijing central business district Home to a variety of corporate regional headquarters, shopping malls, and high-end housing Urban Beijing- Known for being a center of pirated goods and anything from designer clothing to the latest DVD’s can be found in markets all over the city Agriculture: wheat and maize (corn) are the main crops. Vegetables are also grown in order to supply the city Problems for the City Development of Beijing continues to proceed at a rapid pace. Known for its smog as well as frequent “power saving” programs. People often complain about the quality of the water supply and the cost of the basic services such as electricity and natural gas. Urbanization Problems The expansion of Beijing has brought problems of urbanization: Heavy traffic Poor air quality Loss of historic neighborhoods Significant influx of migrants from poorer regions of the country especially rural areas Architecture Three main styles of architecture predominate in urban Beijing. The traditional architecture of imperial Ch ina Gate of heavenly Peace, Forbidden City, and the Temple of Heaven. “Sino-Sov” style, built between 1950s and the 1970s, which tend to be boxy, bland, and poorly made. Modern architecture forms. Most noticeably in the area of the Beijing CBD. Central Chinese
Television Center
Completion Date:
2008 World Largest Airport
43 Million passengers a year Demographics for 2005 The Population was 15.38 million. 11.87 million people had Beijing hukou (permanent residence) and the remainder were on temporary residence permits. In addition there is a large but unknown number of migrant workers who live illegally in Beijing. The population of the urban core is around 7.5 million. Demographics Continued Over 95*%+ of Beijing’s residents belong to the Han Chinese major ity. A sizable international community existing in Beijing, mostly attracted by the highly growing foreign business and trade sector. In recent years there has also been an influx of South Koreans who live in Beijing predominantly for business and study purposes. Culture People native to urban Beijing speak the Beijing dialect, which belongs to the Mandarin subdivision of spoken Chinese. Beijing dialect is the basis for Standard Mandarin, the language used in the People’s Republic of China, the Republic of China on Taiwan, and Singapore. Culture Beijing Opera (Peking Opera). The Siheyuan is a traditional architectural style of Beijing. Consist of a square housing compound, with rooms enclosing a central courtyard. The courtyard often contains a pomegranate or other type of tree, as well as potted flowers or a fish tank. Siheyuans line hutongs, or alleys, which connect the interior of Beijing’s old city. Mandarin cuisine is the local style of cooking Peking Roast Duck. Manhan Quanxi (“Manchu-Han Chinese full b anquet”) is a traditional banquet originally intended for emperors of the Qing Dynasty; it remains very prestigious and expensive. Tourism Despite the turmoil of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries: European military intervention Japanese invasion of WWII Cultural Revolution Recent intense urbanization and transformation, including the demolition of hutongs Beijing still maintains tourist attractions that are rich in history. Tourism The Tian’anmen (Gate of Heavenly Peace) has long been one of the most important tourist sites of Beijing, both by itself and as the main entrance to the Forbidden City. Although it is more known for its political significance in the West. Other world-renowned sites Badaling section of the Great Wall of China Summer Palace Temple of heaven Tourism Building, monuments, and landmarks Temples, cathedrals, and mosques Parks and Gardens Shopping and commercial districts Nightlife Most clubs are situated in the area around Sanlitun or in the region near the Workers Stadium. Wudaokou,
中国古代建筑及构造 宫palace,temple 殿hall 厅hall又称“堂” 室room 房house 亭pavilion 台platform 坛altar 楼storied building 阁pavilion 廊colonnade 榭pavilion on terrace 水榭waterside pavilion 轩windowed veranda 民居folk house 四合院courtyard house 寨stockaded village 舫boat house 阙que, watchtower 牌楼pailou, decorated gateway 华表huabiao, ornamental pillar 塔pagoda 硬山flush gable roof 悬山overhanging gable roof 歇山gable and hip roof 庑殿hip roof 四阿hip roof 卷棚round ridge roof 重檐double eave roof 攒尖pyramidal roof 园攒尖round pavilion roof 大木wooden structure 大式wooden frame with dougong 小式wooden frame without dougong 大木作carpentry work 小木作joinery work 抬梁式构架post and lintel construction 穿斗式构架column and tie construction 井干式构架log cabin construction 檐柱eave column 金柱hypostyle column 内槽柱hypostyle column唐代术语 内柱hypostyle column宋代术语
北京旅游景点的中英文介绍 天安门广场Tian' an Men Square 故宫Former Imperial Palace 天坛Temple of Heave n 地坛The Temple of Earth 长城the Great Wall 颐和园the Summer Palace 十三陵the Ming Tombs 雍和宫Yon gheg ong Lamasery 卢沟桥Lugou Bridge 碧云寺Biy un Temple 潭柘寺Tan zhe Temple 卧佛寺Wofo Temple 戒台寺Jietai Temple 法海寺Fahai Temple 云居寺Y unju Temple 白云寺Baiy un Temple 白云观the White Cloud Taoist Temple 恭王府Prince Gong' s Mansion 清东陵Easter n Royal Tombs of the Qi ng Dyn asty 乾清宫Palace of Heave nly Purity
香山公园Xia ngsha n Park 世界公园Beijing World Park 圆明园遗址the Ruins of Yuanmin gyua n 北京动物园Beiji ng Zoo 中华世纪坛China Cen tury Altar 故宫博物院the Palace Museum 人民大会堂the Great Hall of the People 民族文化宫the Cultural Palace for Nati on alities 劳动人民文化宫Worki ng People's Cultural Palace 北京工人体育馆Beiji ng Worker's Stadium 革命历史博物馆the Museum of Revoluti onary History
Beijing is an ancient city with a long history. Back in 3000 years ago in Zhou dynasty, Beijing, which was called Ji at the moment, had been named capital of Yan. Thereafter, Liao, Jin, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasty all made Beijing their capital. Therefore, Beijing was famous for "Capital of a thousand years". The long history leaves Beijing precious cultural treasure. Winding for several kilometers in Beijing area, the Great Wall is the only man-made structure that could been seen in the space. The Summer Palace is a classic composition of ancient royal gardens, and the Forbidden City is the largest royal palaces in the world. Tiantan is where the emperor used to fete their ancestors, and also the soul of Chinese ancient constructions. The four sites above has been confirmed world cultural heritage by UNESCO. However, the best representatives for Beijing are the vanishing Hutongs and square courtyards. Through hundreds of years, they have become symbol of Beijing's life. Tian'anmen square being still brilliant today with cloverleaf junctions and skyscrapers everywhere, the old-timey scene and modern culture are combined to present a brand new visage of Beijing. As Beijing has been confirmed home city of Olympics 2008, the spirit of "green Olympics, scientific Olympics and humanized Olympic" will surely bring more and more changes to Beijing, promote the development of sports and Olympics in China as well as in the world, and strengthen the friendly communications between Chinese and foreign people. The Temple of Heaven was initially built in Yongle year 18 of the Ming Dynasty (in 1420). Situated in the southern part of the city, it covers the total area of 273 hectares. With the additions and rebuild during the Ming, Qing and other Dynasties, this grand set of structures look magnificent and glorious, the dignified environment appears solemn and respectful, it is the place for both Ming and Qing Dynasty's Emperors to worship Heaven and pray for good harvest. The northern part of the Temple is circular while the southern part is square, implies "sky is round and earth is square" to better symbolize heaven and earth. The whole compound is enclosed by two walls, dividing the whole Temple into inner and outer areas, with the main structures enclosed in the inner area. The most important constructions are the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest, the Circular Mound Altar, Imperial Heaven, The Imperial Vault of Heaven, Heaven Kitchen, Long Corridor and so on, as well as the Echo Wall, the Triple-Sound Stone, the Seven-Star Stone and others of historic interest and scenic beauty. The Temple
北京旅游景点的中英文介绍 天安门广场 Tian’an Men Square 故宫 Former Imperial Palace 天坛 Temple of Heaven 地坛 The Temple of Earth 长城 the Great Wall 颐和园 the Summer Palace 十三陵 the Ming Tombs 雍和宫 Yonghegong Lamasery 卢沟桥 Lugou Bridge 碧云寺 Biyun Temple 潭柘寺 Tanzhe Temple 卧佛寺 Wofo Temple 戒台寺 Jietai Temple 法海寺 Fahai Temple 云居寺 Yunju Temple 白云寺 Baiyun Temple 白云观 the White Cloud Taoist Temple 恭王府 Prince Gong’s Mansion 清东陵 Eastern Royal Tombs of the Qing Dynasty 乾清宫 Palace of Heavenly Purity
北海公园 Beihai Park 香山公园 Xiangshan Park 世界公园 Beijing World Park 圆明园遗址 the Ruins of Yuanmingyuan 北京动物园 Beijing Zoo 中华世纪坛 China Century Altar 故宫博物院 the Palace Museum 人民大会堂 the Great Hall of the People 民族文化宫the Cultural Palace for Nationalities 劳动人民文化宫 Working People's Cultural Palace 北京工人体育馆 Beijing Worker's Stadium 革命历史博 物馆 the Museum of Revolutionary History
Beijing 北京 Beijing is the capital of China and a fascinating mixture of the old and new. With an area of 16,808 sq. kilometers, it is today the political, cultural and administrative center of the People's Republic of China which was founded in 1949, the home of more than 13.8 million citizens and the seat of government. 1 北京作为中国的首都是一个新旧交融，魅力无限的地方。今天的北京占地16,808平方公里，是中华人民共和国（建于1949年）的政治、文化和行政管理的中心，是1,380多万北京市民的家园和中央政府的所在地。 2 Beijing has been in existence as a settlement for more than 3,000 years, although the remains of "Peking Man" show that human life existed in this part of China half a million years ago. It has been a center of power under the Mongols, the Ming, the Manchu and now the People's Republic of China for a period spanning almost seven hundred years. 2 尽管“北京人”的遗骨表明早在50万年以前已有人类生存于此，北京作为人类的居住地已超过了3000多年。它是蒙古、明朝、满族直到现在的中华人民共和国的权力中心，跨越了近700年的历史。 3 Being one of the few inland capitals of the world not built on a major river, it owes its long preeminence to its strategic geographical
京剧相关英语介绍Beijing Opera Four Famous Dan Actors 四大名旦；Stage Props in Peking Opera 京剧道具 Types of Facial Make-up in Beijing Opera 京剧脸谱 Roles in Beijing Opera 京剧的角色；Xipi and Erhuang 西皮和二簧 Wenchang and Wuchang 文场和武场；Piao You and Xia Hai 票友和下海 Longtao and Figurant "龙套”和“跑龙套”；Qiba “起霸” ；Liangxiang “亮相” In 1927, an open selection of the top Dan actors, sponsored by the Shuntian Times newspaper, was launched. As a result, Mei Lanfang (1894-1961), Shang Xiaoyun (1900-1976), Cheng Yanqiu and Xun Huisheng (1900-1968) were the most outstanding in the selection, and were named the four most famous Dan actors of Peking Opera at this time, each having his own unique characteristics in regard to action, expression and music. In addition, each had his own special repertoire, and these have been handed down from generation to generation. Eventually, they formed the four main schools of Peking Opera. Later, groups of excellent young actors were active on the opera stages, among whom the most famous were: Li Shifang, Zhang Junqiu, Mao Shilai and Song Dezhu, selected by the Liyan Newspaper. Each of the four had his own special repertoire, and their wonderful performances were well received by the mass. Eventually, they were recognized as the four sub-leading Dan actors of Peking Opera. China entered the modern era amidst turbulence and change in the 20th century. The Revolution of 1911 put an end to the 2,000-year rule of the feudal dynasties. Thus there was a spate of famous actors and actresses and schools of Peking Opera in the early decades of this century. 二十世纪20年代年京剧旦行先后成名的四位有代表性的演员：梅兰芳、尚小云、程砚秋、荀慧生。 四大名旦在艺术上不断进取，表演、唱腔精益求精，各有独门剧目，蔚成流派。 四小名旦继“四大名旦”以后，二十世纪30年代又有一批旦行演员脱颖而出。 1940年，北京《立言报》邀请李世芳、张君秋、毛世来、宋德珠四人合作，在北京新新大戏院演出两场《白蛇传》，四个人分演自己擅长的一折戏，各展所长，社会影响强烈。从此即被公认为四小名旦。
北京英文介绍： Beijing is an ancient city with a long history. Back in 3000 years ago in Zhou dynasty, Beijing, which was called Ji at the moment, had been named capital of Yan. Thereafter, Liao, Jin, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasty all made Beijing their capital. Therefore, Beijing was famous for "Capital of a thousand years". The long history leaves Beijing precious cultural treasure. Winding for several kilometers in Beijing area, the Great Wall is the only man-made structure that could been seen in the space. The Summer Palace is a classic composition of ancient royal gardens, and the Forbidden City is the largest royal palaces in the world. Tiantan is where the emperor used to fete their ancestors, and also the soul of Chinese ancient constructions. The four sites above has been confirmed world cultural heritage by UNESCO. However, the best representatives for Beijing are the vanishing Hutongs and square courtyards. Through hundreds of years, they have become symbol of Beijing's life. Tian'anmen square being still brilliant today with cloverleaf junctions and skyscrapers everywhere, the old-timey scene and modern culture are combined to present a brand new visage of Beijing. As Beijing has been confirmed home city of Olympics 2008, the spirit of "green Olympics, scientific Olympics and humanized Olympic" will surely bring more and more changes to Beijing, promote the development of sports and Olympics in China as well as in the world, and strengthen the friendly communications between Chinese and foreign people. The Temple of Heaven was initially built in Yongle year 18 of the Ming Dynasty (in 1420). Situated in the southern part of the city, it covers the total area of 273 hectares. With the additions and rebuild during the Ming, Qing and other Dynasties, this grand set of structures look magnificent and glorious, the dignified environment appears solemn and respectful, it is the place for both Ming and Qing Dynasty's Emperors to worship Heaven and pray for good harvest. The northern part of the Temple is circular while the southern part is square, implies "sky is round and earth is square" to better symbolize heaven and earth. The whole compound is enclosed by two walls, dividing the whole Temple into inner and outer areas, with the main structures enclosed in the inner area. The most important constructions are the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest, the Circular Mound Altar, Imperial Heaven, The Imperial Vault of Heaven, Heaven Kitchen, Long Corridor and so on, as well as the Echo Wall, the Triple-Sound Stone, the
英文介绍北京故宫
FORBIDDEN CITY (紫禁城) (In front of the meridian gate) Ladies and Gentlemen: I am pleased to serve as your guide today. This is the palace museum; also know as the Purple Forbidden City. It is the largest and most well reserved imperial residence in China today. Under Ming Emperor Yongle, construction began in 1406. It took 14years to build the Forbidden City. The first ruler who actually lived here was Ming Emperor Zhudi. For five centuries thereafter, it continued to be the residence of23 successive emperors until 1911 when Qing Emperor Puyi was forced to abdicate the throne. In 1987, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization recognized the Forbidden City was a world cultural legacy. It is believed that the Palace Museum, or Zi Jin Cheng (Purple Forbidden City), got its name from astronomy folklore, The ancient astronomers divided the constellations into groups and centered them around the Ziwei Yuan (North Star) . The
The Byzantine architecture is developed in the succession of Roman architectural culture. At the same time,it also draws the culture of Persia,Mesopotamia,Syria and other oriental countries.Finally,it forms its own building style. The development of Byzantine architecture can be divided into three stages.From the 4th century to the 6th century,it was in its fourishing stage.Hagia Sophia is the classical architecture of this period.From 7th century to the 12th century,it is characterized by small footprint and higher altitide.The large central dome was gone,replaced by a few small domes.And it focused more on decoration,such as Venice's St Mark's Church.From the 13th century to the 15th century,wars severely damaged the Byzantine Empire,so its buiding had nothing creative. As for its characteristics,first its roof shape commonly uses dome top.Secondly,its center is very prominent in the overall.Thirdly,its dome is supported by independent square columns.Fourthly,its color is fickle and unified. And its columns are square taper,engraved with plants or animals,mostly honeysuckle grass.Mosaics and glass window design are its other interior features.
Styles of Architecture Step 1 of 3: Become familiar with 15 different styles of architecture. Instructions: on your own, research 15 of the 36 different styles of architecture listed below. Insert a picture and write a very short description of the style in your own words. Add the site you used to find this information. Here is an example of the layout you will use. Note: save your work often and create a table with the following features in WORD. This will help organize your work.
Step 2 of 3: PowerPoint Presentation Choose 1 style of Architecture to focus on. Prepare a PowerPoint presentation on the architectural style you have chosen. We will be viewing the presentations in class. Your presentation should include: ? A description or definition of the architectural style ?Characteristics of this type of architecture ?Examples of the style of architecture (at least 10) with explanations. USE PICTURES ?The time and place where it began to be used ?Did this style of architecture meet human requirements when it was created? What were those requirements or needs? ?Did the environment have an effect on the design? Explain why or why not. ?The reasons why it grew as a style of building ?What has become of the style now (if that applies) ?Do you like this style of architecture? Explain why or why not, give examples ?What could be changed to make this style of architecture better in today’s world? Hints to making a good PowerPoint Presentation: ?Include lots of visuals and minimal text! ?Remember to put it in your own words. ?Use point form ?K eep in mind that if you don’t understand what you are writing your classmates won’t either. ?Please use the correct slide format: i.e. do not choose a text template to paste a picture. Step 3 of 3: Perspective drawing Create a 2 or 3 point perspective drawing of one of the buildings that represents your style of architecture. Complete this drawing on an 8x11 piece of white paper. This can be used in your portfolio at the end of the course. The drawing should represent the major elements of architecture you researched. Have this ready to pass in when you present.
中国建筑行业发展状况 从1997年开始，中国建筑业总产值进入一个稳定增长期，增速小幅增加，直至2004年。从2005年开始，增速降低到20%以下。究其原因，是因为国家针对我国建筑业的情况进行了适度的宏观调控，使我国建筑业进入了一个调整期。由于2003年的盲目投资、重复投资，已经出现经济过热的征兆，尤以建筑业等技术含量要求不高、劳动密集的行业及能源行业为主，因此国家利用行政及宏观调控两种手段，对经济进行调整。与此同时，央行的信贷政策从2005年起一直维持着“有保有压”的基调。2009年，是我国进入新世纪以来经济发展最困难的一年。为应对世界金融危机，中央政府实行了积极的财政政策和适度宽松的货币政策，以及一揽子经济刺激计划，尤其是投资40000亿元加快基础设施、民生工程建设等举措，从而促进了建筑业的不断发展。 《2011年中国建筑行业发展现状及前景预测报告》由建筑行业的高级研究员和资深业内人士全力合作完成，报告在充分的市场调研和专家座谈的基础上，通过分析过去五年内建筑行业的发展历程和变化特征，深刻剖析了建筑行业的运行规律及发展现状，并根据市场需求的变化、项目的实施进度以及产业政策规划等方面对未来五年内建筑市场的走向做出尽可能合理而准确的预测。本报告所采用的数据主要来自于国家统计局、中国建筑业协会、国家发改委和中国人民银行等等。
D e v e l o p m e n t o f C h i n a's c o n s t r u c t i o n i n d u s t r y Since 1997, total output value of China's construction industry entered a period of steady growth, the growth rate increased slightly until 2004. Since 2005, the growth rate reduced to 20%. The reason is because of the construction industry for the state conducted a proper macro regulation and control, China's construction industry entered a period of adjustment. Since 2003, blind investment and duplication of investment, there have been signs of economic overheating, especially in construction and other technical content of less demanding, labor-intensive industries and energy sector based, the national macro-control by the executive and the two means of economic adjustment. At the same time, the central bank's credit policy has been maintained since 2005 a "maintain pressure" tone. In 2009, China's economic development since the new century, the most difficult year. In response to the world financial crisis, the central government implemented a proactive fiscal policy and loose monetary policy and economic stimulus packages, is to invest 4 trillion yuan in particular, to speed up infrastructure projects related to people and other initiatives, thus contributing to the continuous construction development. "China's construction industry in 2011 Status and Forecast Report" by the construction industry, a senior researcher and senior completed the full cooperation of the industry, the report in full market research and expert panel, based on the analysis of the past five years through the
【篇一】 I’d like to go to a beautiful place. I think it would be Beijing. Beijing is not only our capital city, but also a famous city with long history and wonderful culture. Beijing is also China’s political and cultural center. There’re many old places of great interest, such as the Great Wall, the Summer Palace, the Forbidden City, the Temple of Heaven, and Tiananmen Square. Once you see Tiananmen Square, you will think of Beijing. It has been the symbol of Beijing since 1949. 我想去一个美丽的地方。我觉得那应该是北京。北京不仅仅是我们的首都，也是有着悠久的历史和精彩地文化的城市。北京也是中国的政治和文化中心。有很多古迹，比如，长城，颐和园，紫禁城，天坛，天安门广场。只要你看到天安门广场，你就会想起北京。自从1949年起它就是北京的象征了。 【篇二】 This is Beijing.It's in the north of China.It's really big. It has got the Great wall.The Summer Palace.And Bada ling ,and the lmperial Palace...... Beijing and Peking University and Tsinghua University. These two are very famous school.The Great Wall is more than twenty thousand kilometres long.It's very grand. 这是北京，它在中国的北部，它非常大。在北京有长城，颐和园，八达岭和故宫。北京有北京大学和清华大学，张两个学校都很有名。长城有两万多公里长。 【篇三】 Beijing has a history of over 3,000 years with a population of nearly 13 million and a lot of places of interest around it. In recent years, the city of Beijing has been advancing very quickly. You can see more museums, parks an shopping centers here and there. More and more highways and overhead walkways have been built up. What's more, a lot more buses which burn cleaner fuel, such as CNG or LPG, are put into use, to prevent air from being polluted. Water in the rivers is clean again. Wherever you go, you can see green trees, grass and beautiful flowers. All these make life in Beijing more convenient, pleasant and colorful. Beijing is still advancing to the bright future. 北京有3000多年的历史，近1300万人口和许多名胜古迹。近年