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1 英国人文地理

1 英国人文地理
1 英国人文地理

1、人文地理-英国地理

1. The official name of the United Kingdom is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

2. There are three political divisions on the islands of Great Britain: England, Scotland and Wales.

3. About a hundred years ago, Britain ruled an empire that had one fourth of the world’s people and one fourth of the world’s land area.

4. The Britain Empire was replaced by the Britain commonwealth in 1931,which is a free association of independent counties that were once colonies of Britain.

5. Britain is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the south and the North Sea in the east.

6. Britain has, for centuries, been tilting with the northwest slowly rising, and the southeast slowly sinking. The north and west of Britain are mainly highlands. The southeast and east are mainly lowlands.

7. The pennies, a range of hills running from north midlands to Scottish border, are the principal mountain chain.

8. Ben Nevis in Scotland is the highest mountain in Britain, and the Lough Neagh in Northern Ireland is the largest lake in Britain.

9. There are three natural zones in Scotland: the highlands in the north, the central lowlands, and the southern uplands. The lowlands in the center comprise mostly the forth and Clyde valleys.

10. Edinburgh, Cardiff and Belfast are the capitals of Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.

11. Scotland has about 800 islands, including the Orkney, Shetlands and Hebrides.

苏格兰有800座岛屿,包括奥克内群岛,谢特兰群岛和赫不里德群岛。

12. Besides, the Tweed, the Tyne, the Tees and the Thames Rivers on the east coast all face the North Sea ports on the European continent. 除此以外,东海岸的邓恩河,泰河,迪斯河和泰晤士河都面临欧洲大陆上的北海各港口。

13. The longest river in Britain is the Severn River. The most important river is Thames River. River Clyde is the most important river in Scotland.

英国最长的河流是赛文河,最重要的河流是泰晤士河。克莱德河是苏格兰最重要的河流。

14. Though the weather in Britain is so changeable and unpredictable, the climate is in fact a favorable one. Britain has a steady reliable rainfall throughout the whole year.

虽然英国的天气总是如此变化无常,无法预测,但实际上英国的天气相当宜人。英国全年有稳定的降雨量。

15. Britain has a population of 57411000. it is a densely populated country with an average of 237 people per square kilometer, and it is very unevenly distributed. 90% of the population is urban, and only 10% is rural.

英国人口为57411000。它是一个人口稠密,分布不均的国家,每平方公里平均237人,90%的人生活在城镇,只有10%的人居住在农村。

16. the English are Anglo-Saxons, but the welsh, Scots and Irish are

Celts.

英格兰人是安各鲁-撒克逊人。而威尔士、苏格兰和爱尔兰人是凯尔特人。

17. The Celts of Wales defended their freedom for 1000 years and were not conquered by the English until 1536. today about a quarter of the welsh population still speak welsh as their first language and about one percent speak only welsh.

威尔士的凯尔特人为自由战斗了1000年,直到1536年才被英格兰人征服。今天有大约四分之一的威尔士人把威尔士语当作第一语言,大约1%的人只讲威尔士语。

18. though the Gaelic language is still heard in the Highlands and western isles, the English language is spoken all over the Scotland.

尽管在高地和西部岛屿还能听到盖尔语,但英语却遍及全苏格兰。

19. Since then, there has been bitter fighting between the Protestants who are the dominant group, and the Roman Catholics who are seeking more social and economic opportunities.

从那时起,新教徒和罗马天主教徒间展开了艰苦的斗争,新教徒是统治者,而罗马教徒要求更多社会和经济机会。

20. About three million have came to live and find work since world war second. They are mainly from the West Indies, India and Pakistan.

自二战以来,约有三百万人来到英国居住,他们主要来自西印度群岛,印度和巴基斯坦。

英国地理 讲稿

Land and Geography of the United Kingdom 英国地理 Hello, everyone. Welcome to this course: Introduction to Britain and America. First and foremost, we are going to have an overview of Britain. To the west and off the European Continent, there are several thousand islands on the continental shelf. They are generally called the British Isles. Of all the isles, the largest one is called Great Britain. For the convenience’s sake, it is often shortened to Britain. But officially it is still called Great Britain. The island of Great Britain is divided into three political areas, also known as three countries: England in the South, Scotland in the North and Wales in the Southwest. West across the Irish Sea lies the second largest island, that is, Ireland. It consists of two countries: Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. Northern Ireland, together with the three countries on Britain forms UK, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Britain does not share a land border with any other countries except the Republic of Ireland. To the north of the islands the seaway is open between the coasts of Iceland and Norway to the Arctic Ocean. Britain faces Holland, Denmark and Norway across the North Sea. To the southeast and across the English Channel is France. To the south, across the Atlantic Ocean and the Bay of Biscay, are Spain and Portugal. And America and Canada lie on the west corresponding side of the Atlantic Ocean. Britain is over one thousand kilometers from south to north. Its coastline runs about ten thousand kilometers, making it one of the countries with the longest coastlines in the world. In Britain no place is over 120 kilometers from the sea. Among the four countries, England is the largest and most developed. It has an area of about 130,000 square kilometers and covers more than half of the the whole island. Its population is more than 50 million and makes up 87% of the country’s whole population. The River Thames, the second longest and the most important river in Britain, originates in southwestern England and flows through the Midlands of England to London and empties into the North Sea. The importance of England is so great that some foreigners just refer to the whole country as England, a name that people of Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland do not like very much. The word “England”was adopted in the 5th century when groups of invaders from Northern Europe, traditionally called the Angles, Saxons and Jutes, took possession of this area. The word “England” means the land for Angles and the word “English” means the language that belongs to the Angles. Scotland is the second largest both in area and population. It is about 78,772 square kilometers with a population of 5 million, less than one tenth of the total population. The Scots established their own kingdom in the 9th Century. The Scottish are proud of their history and the fact the English never conquered Scotland. Edinburgh is its capital. Tourism is one of Scotland’s most important industries. Tourists from all over the world come to enjoy the beauty of Scottish scenery, to drink Scotch whisky and to see Scotsmen wearing kilts and playing bagpipes. Wales is very close to the most densely populated parts of central England. Its entire area is

美国地理概况

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英美概况(英国篇1:英国的国土与人民 )

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英国地理常识

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世界地理概况练习(提分专用)

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解析:1.B 2.C 3.A第1题,中国古代商船为实现顺风顺水航行,一般选择冬季从南方沿海出发,夏季从非洲东部沿海地区返回;夏季索马里附近海域由于吹离岸风,形成上升补偿流(索马里寒流),鱼类饵料丰富,是捕鱼的好时机;从中国泉州南下到新加坡时,正值北半球的冬季,太阳直射点位于南半球,新加坡正午日影朝北;加尔各答并不盛产棉花。第2题,陆上丝绸之路主要经过中亚地区,铁路沿线没有冻土分布。第3题,“一带一路”主要发展的是铁路和港口交通系统,②错;欧洲国家没有通过提供资金、技术、管理等方式参与“一带一路”战略,④错。 (2019·武汉模拟)读图,回答4~5题。 4.从成因上看,世界最高山峰与世界最深海沟都位于() A.两大板块的消亡边界B.两个大陆板块交界处 C.两个大洋板块交界处D.板块的内部 5.分析图中信息可知() A.全球陆地面积约为海洋面积的30% B.全球陆地近一半海拔在大陆平均值内 C.海洋平均深度数值远远大于大陆平均高度数值 D.大陆架的海水深度是全球海水平均深度的1/2 解析:4.A 5.C第4题,世界最高峰是珠穆朗玛峰,是亚欧板块与印度洋板块碰撞形成的;世界最深海沟是马里亚纳海沟,是亚欧板块与太平洋板块碰撞形成的;都处于板块的消亡边界。第5题,仔细读图,全球陆地面积约为1.49亿平方千米,约为海洋面积的40%,A错;全球陆地近2/3海拔在大陆平均值内,B错;图中明显表明,海洋平均深度约为4 000 m,而陆地平均高度约为1 000 m。海洋平均深度数值远远大于大陆,C对;大陆架的海水深度一般不超过200 m,而全球海水平均深度为4 000 m,两者相差很大,D错。 (2019·郑州联考)如图为某半球30°~40°纬度带海陆分布示意图。据此完成6~7题。

世界地理北美美国知识总结

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(1) England is in the southern part of Great Britain. It is the largest, most populous section.英格兰位于大不列颠岛南部,是最大,人口最稠密的地区。 (2) Scotland is in the north of Great Britain. It has three natural zones (the Highlands in the north; the Central lowlands; the south Uplands) Capital: Edinburgh 苏格兰位于大不列颠的北部。它有三大自然区:北部高地,中部低地及南部山陵。首府:爱丁堡。 (3) Wales is in the west of Great Britain. Capital: Cardiff 威尔士位于大不列颠的西部。首府:加的夫 (4) Northern Ireland is the fourth region of the UK. Capital: Belfast.北爱尔兰是英国第四个区域。首府:贝尔法斯特。 5. The monwealth (of nations) is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain. It was founded in 1931, and has about 50 member countries until 1991. 英联邦是独立的前英国殖民地组成的自由联合体。它成立于1931 年,至1990年止已有约50个成员国。 Chapter 2 第二章 The Origins of a Nation (5000BC-1066)英国的起源(公元前5000年—1066年)

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英美概况-英国地理小结

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世界地理北美美国知识总结

世界地理北美美国知识 总结 Document number:PBGCG-0857-BTDO-0089-PTT1998

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英美概况(英国篇5大英帝国的兴衰_)

英美概况(英国篇5:大英帝国的兴衰 ) I. Whigs and Tories 辉格党人和托利党人 These two party names originated with the Glorious Revolution (1688). 这两个政党名称皆起源于1688年的光荣革命。 The Whig were those who opposed absolute monarchy and supported the right to religious freedom for Nonconformists. The Whig were to form a coalition with dissident Tories in the mid-19th century and become the Liberal Party. 辉格党人是指那些反对绝对王权,支持新教徒宗教自由权利的人。辉格党人在 19世纪中叶与持不同意见的托利党人组盟组成自由党。 The Tories were those who supported hereditary monarchy and were reluctant to remove kings. The Tories were the forerunners of the Conservative Party. 托利党人是指那些支持世袭王权、不愿去除国王的人。托利党是保守党的前身。 I. Agricultural Changes in the Late 18th Century 18世纪末的农业革命 During the late 18th and early 19th centuries, the "open-field" system ended when the Enclosure Act was passed. The movement lasted for centuries. Agricultural enclosure had good as well as bad results: 18世纪末、19世纪初的农业革命期间,随着《圈地法》的颁布,传统的"开放田地"制结束。圈地运动持续了将近一个多世纪。农业圈地运动的利弊共存: (1) Farms became bigger and bigger units as the great bought up the small; 由于大农场兼并了小农场,农场成为越来越在的生产单位; (2) More vegetables, more milk and more dairy produce were consumed, and diet became more varied; 人们消费的蔬菜,牛奶及奶制品越来越多,饮食种类愈加丰富; (3) Enclosure was a disaster for the tenants evicted from their lands by the enclosures. These peasant farmers were forced to look for work in towns. Enclosure led to mass emigration, particularly to the New World; 圈地对佃家而言是场灾难,他们被赶出土地,被迫到城镇找工作。圈地运动导致了大规模的移民,尤其是移民至新大陆。 (4) A new class hostility was introduced into rural relationships. 农村关系中产生了新的阶级对立。 II. The Industrial Revolution (1780-1830) 工业革命(1780-1830) 1.The industrial Revolution refers to the mechanization of industry and the consequent changes in social and economic organization in Britain in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. 工业革命指的是17世纪末、18世纪初英国工业的机械化,以及因此而导致的社会结构和经济结构的变化。

美国概况政治地理

美国概况-政治习题(2008-10-12 15:29:05) Political System 1. The Judicial Branch is headed by _____. A. the Supreme Court B. Congress C. President 2. The general election in America is held every _____ years. A. 5 B. 4 C. 6 D. 3 3. The symbol of the US Democratic Party is _____. A. donkey B. elephant C. eagle 4. _____ has the sole right to interpret the Constitution. A. The Cabinet B. The Supreme Court C. President D. Congress 5. The symbol of the US Republic Party is _____. A. tiger B. elephant C. donkey 6. The political system of the US is based on the following except _____. A. federalism B. the constitutional monarchy C. the separation of powers D. respect for the constitution E. the rule of law 7. The US Federal Government is composed of the following except _____. A. the legislative B. the standing committee C. the judicial D. the executive 8. The number of Congressmen from each state varies depending on _____. A. the size of the area B. the size of the population C. the tradition D. the wealth 9. The Democratic Party of America was founded in _____. A. 1845 B. 1828 C. 1787 10. There are _____ departments in American Government. A. 13 B. 14 C. 15 11. The law-making or the legislative body in the government is _____. A. the Supreme Court B. the Congress C. the Cabinet D. the president’s committee 12. All states in America have the legislative branch of two houses except the state _____. A. Nebraska B. Nevada C. Oregon 13. In each state there are about _____ counties on average. A. 30 B. 50 C. 60 14. The members in the Senate must be at least _____ years old and those in the Representative _____ years old. A. 40, 30 B. 30, 26 C. 30, 25 15. The tenure of office of federal judges is _____ years long. A. 8 B. for life C. 5 16. The Democratic and the Republican Parties gradually lost their differences after _____. A. 1865 B. 1860 C. 1870 17. There are _____ presidential electors for all the states. A. 535 B. 100 C. 538 D. 435 18. The Federal Government and the states governments are supposed to _____ each other.

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