译林牛津版高二英语必修五unit1 知识点及语法总结
Welcome to the unit &Reading
I.重点单词
1. betray. vt.
1) 出卖；背叛
He would rather die than betray his country to the enemy.
2) 显露；泄露
The expression on her face betrays her anger.
2. pretend. vt/vi
1)vt. 假装，佯装, 后接不定式和从句做宾语。
She pretended to be reading. 她假装在看书。
2）vi. 假装
She wasn’t really crying, she was only pretending.
3. admit. vt
1) 承认；供认
admit doing sth. 承认做某事admit to sb. 向某人承认
He admitted his crime.
2) 许可进入，准许进入
admit sb. to/into--- 接纳某人进入...; 吸收某人参加...
He is admitted to Nanjing University this year.
3) 容纳, 容许
The cinema admits about 2000 people.
4) admit of 容许有; 有...可能; 容有...的余地
His illness admits of no delay.
4. swear. vt/vi 发誓；郑重承诺；咒骂
swear to sb. / swear that 从句向某人承诺发誓
swear—swore ---sworn
5. focus. n/vt/vi
1) n. 焦点，注意力
put focus on 集中注意力于…..
2) vi/vt
focus on集中注意力于….
近义词组：
concentrate on
pay full attention to
devote … to
6. guilty. adj 有罪的
1) be guilty of “犯了……罪”
In the process of gaining our rightful place, we must not be guilty of wrongful deeds.
2)be found guilty 被判决有罪
Maggie could be sentenced to up to three years in prision if (he was) found guilty.
7. remark. Vt / n 评论
make remarks on sth = make comments on sth对…作出评论
8. apologize. vi 道歉
apologize to sb=make an apology to sb 向某人道歉
9. sensitive. adj 敏感的;体贴的
be sensitive to 对…体贴，敏感
10. blame. n/vt 责备
1) n. put blame on sb 责备某人
2) vt. blame sb for sth 因某事责备某人
blame sth on sb 把某事归咎于某人
He blamed his faiure on his teacher.
sb be to blame= sb should be blamed 主动形式表被动
You are to blame. 你应该受责备。
11. gifted. adj = talented 有天赋的
1) be gifted for/as 有…天赋
2) have a gift for有…天赋
II. 重点词组
1.beg sb to do sth 恳求某人做某事
2.stare at 凝视
glare at 怒视
gaze at 瞪眼看
3.keep one’s word 守诺言
break one’s word 食言
have a word with 与…交谈
have a words with 与…吵架
4.feel like doing 想要做某事
sound like 听起来像
5.go straight to 径直去…
6.spy on 监视
watch over 看管
7.keep pace with 与…协调一致
keep up with 跟上
8.as a result of 由于
because of= due to=owing to 由于
as a result 结果
result in 导致
result from 源于，由于
9.turn into 转变成
turn up 出现，出席
turn out 结果是
turn sb down 拒绝
turn around 转身；逆转
turn to 转向
10.as well as和
as well 也
may as well 不如不妨
11.shout at 朝…大喊( 生气，愤怒)
shout to朝…大喊（指远处）
12.make some cruel remarks 咒骂某人，说坏话
13.even though即使
14.can not help doing sth 禁不住做某事
can’t help but do sth 只好做某事
can’t help to do sth 不能帮助做某事
15.accuse sb of sth指控某人某事
inform.. of…告知
approve… of 同意
warn… of…警告
III.重点句式
1. I must have sounded very proud of myself after the quiz, saying how easy it was and how
I was sure to get a good mark. （page 2）
（1）“must+完成时”表示对过去事情语气比较肯定的推测。对现在推测，用must be.
They must have been laughing behind my back. (page 2）
他们在我背后一定是笑得合不拢嘴。
①“must+完成时”结构的反义疑问句，疑问部分应根据must后的动词形式采用相应的形式，可用have (has)，也可用did。但若句中出现了过去时间状语，则只能用did。
He must have read it, hasn’t /didn’t he? 他一定读过它，是吗?
He must have left yesterday, didn’t he? 他昨天一定走了，是吗?
②表示推测的否定结构要用“can not /can’t”, 或者是can +其他具有否定意义的副词。例如：
You can’t be tired —you’ve only been working for an hour.
你不可能疲倦，你只工作了一小时。
（2）….., saying how easy it was and how I was sure to get a good mark 是非谓语动词doing做原因状语；how easy it was and how I was sure to get a good mark 是how 引导的名词性从句做say的宾语。
2. I thought that Hannah must have told everyone about my grades after promising me not to.（page 2）
1) must have told 表示对过去推测；
2）after promising me not to=after she promised not to tell anyone.
a. after引导的状语从句，当从句的主语she与主句的主语Hannah 一致时，从句的she 可以省略，同时从句的谓语动词promised 要变成非谓语形式promising;
b. promising me not to 属于to do 不定式省略动词do 的情况，在某些动词后，如：promise, like, hope, want 等，为避免与上一句to do中的动词重复，可省略to后的动词。
3. I cannot help wondering if he wants Peter to be his best friend instead of me. （page 3）
1）if he wants Peter to be his best friend instead of me为wonder 的宾语从句
2）wonder vt. (对)...感到奇怪; 想知道，不知道
①I wonder if/whether you…可用来客气地提出请求；wonder后可接其他连接词引导
的宾语从句。例如：
I wonder if you’d give me some advice.
I wonder who he is, where he came from and why he came.
②wonder后可接“疑问词＋动词不定式”作宾语：例如：
They waited and wondered what to do.
③there is no wonder that 从句：难怪…….
There is no wonder that you were late for school, for your bike broke down.
4. He accuse me of some bad things just to hurt me. (page 3）
1) accuse sb of sth= charge sb with sth 指控某人….
2）just to hurt me属于非谓语to do形式，在句中做目的状语，类似的词组还有：only to (表示出乎意料的结果)，in order to/ so as to (表示目的)
5. If so, the problem lies with you, not her.（page 5）
(1) If so是个条件从句，so代替上文内容。not也有同样用法，构成省略句式：if not。又如：
—She may not be free today. 她今天可能没空。
—If so, we’ll have to put the meeting off. 如果是这样，这会就得延后了。
Get up early tomorrow, if not (you don’t get up early), you will miss the first bus.明天你得早起，否则（你不早起），你会错过首班车。
(2)lie with“是……的责任；取决于”。例如：
The solution to the problem lies with you. 解决该问题的办法落在你的肩上。
7. I have no doubt he will succeed.（page 7）
doubt作名词常用句型
①have no doubt意为“毫无疑义；毫无疑问”，其中doubt是名词。例如：
I for one have no doubt that he’s lying.
②There is no doubt that…“毫无疑问……”, that从句是同位语从句。例如：
There is no doubt that Mary is qualified for the job.
③no/without/beyond doubt“无疑地；必定”
The truth of the report is beyond all doubt.
He was without doubt the very worst kind of reporter.
Those who left were attracted, no doubt, by higher pay.
Task &Project
I.重点单词
1.acquaintance. n 泛泛之交
make acquaintance with sb 结识某人
2.anchor. n. 锚；vt. 扎根于
be anchored in=be based on 根植于
3.attitude. n. 看法，态度
have positive attitude towards sth/sb
4.cautious. adj 小心谨慎的
be cautious about=be careful about
caution. N 小心
5.eager. adj 急切的
be eager to do =be dying for = long for= look forward to
eagerness. N
6.respond.vi 回应，回复
respond to 回复
reply to 回应
react to 回应
response.n 回复
in response to sth 对…做出回复
7.mercy. n 仁慈
at the mercy of 在…的支配下
https://www.doczj.com/doc/f610914045.html,mitted. adj 尽心尽力的
be committed to doing sth= be devoted to doing=be absorbed in doing=concentrate on doing=be bent on doing=be occupied in doing 投入做某事
commit. Vt 致力于
commit to doing sth 致力于做某事
commit to sth 致力于某事
commit suicide 自杀
commit crime犯罪
9.regardless. Adv不管，不顾
regardless of = in despite of= despite +名词或名词性从句，意为“尽管”regard. Vt 看做
regard…as = think of … as= look on… as= consider…as
II.重点词组
1.get through 接通电话；渡过
get on/along with 与…相处
get over 克服
get across 使…明白
2.be anchored in根植于
3.be based on 以…为基础
sb base…on…某人把…基于…之上
on the basis of 在…的基础上
4.regardless of 不管不顾
5.end up 结果
end up+形容词/ done/ doing/ 介词短语，表结果是……
end in 结果是
in the end 最后
6.rely on 依赖
depend on 依赖依靠
7.thanks to 幸亏
but for = thanks to +名词
表示与事实相反时，主句用虚拟语态，例如：
Thanks to your help, we would not have finished the task.
8.get along with 与…相处
get along with sb 与某人相处
get along with sth 某事进展
9.have different attitudes towards 对…有不同的看法
10.be cautious about对…小心谨慎
11.be eager to 急切盼望….
12.on the way to sp 在去…的路上
on the way to doing 即将….
in this way 如此一来
in the way 挡道，碍事
13.have a quarrel with 与某人争吵
quarrel with sb与某人争吵
14.make an apology 道歉
apologize to sb道歉
15.in conclusion 总结
in a word总之
in short 简言之
in all 总共
in brief 简言之
16.look back on 回顾
look through 看穿；浏览
look down upon 小看，瞧不起
look up to 敬仰
look into 调查
III.重点句式
1.They are still sitting on the sofa, continuing the same conversation on the same topic. continuing the same conversation on the same topic,在句中作伴随状语，主句主语they与continue是主谓关系，故用doing非谓语形式。
2.When asked, they usually hesitate before responding.
此句完整形式为When they were asked, they usually hesitate before they respond. 属于状语从句的省略，当状从的主语与主句的主语一致时，从句的主语可省略，从句的谓语动词变为非谓语动词形式。
3.We have to realize: boys share activities, while girls share feelings.
1）while 意为“然而”，并列连词表对比转折。
2）while还可意为“尽管”，引导让步状语从句=though, 例如：
while the weather is terrible, they still arrived here on time
4.The qualities that boys and girls consider important in a friend seem to be the same,
regardless of the basis of these friendship.
1）that boys and girls consider important in a friend 是定语从句，先行词是qualities;
2）seem to do 表示“似乎，好像”，属于to do 非谓语形式，其形式还有：seem to be doing( 表进行时态)/ seem to have done(表示过去已完成)
3）regardless of 表示尽管，做让步状语。
5.I end up returning to the train station and spending the rest of the day in the waiting
room.
end up+形容词/ done/ doing/ 介词短语，表结果是……,例如：
1）He ends up successful after years of efforts.
2）He ends up in prison because he was charged with robbery.
3）He ends up finishing the task ahead of time.
4）His efforts end up paid off.
6.Friendship means being committed to others.
1) mean. vt.意谓, 想要, 预定vi.用意, 有意义
mean to do sth. 打算做某事mean doing sth. 意味着做某事
I meant to give you this book today, but I forgot.
He means this house for his daughter.
习惯用语：
be meant to do照道理，照规矩；应该，必须；得要；
He was meant for /to be a doctor.
mean sb. for准备让某人干某工作
mean much to sb. 对某人很重要; 对某人很可贵
mean a great deal
mean. adj.低劣的, 卑鄙的, 普通的, 吝啬的, 简陋的,不舒服的
Peter's father was very mean; he never gave Peter any new clothes.
2) be committed to sb 表示对某人很投入，真诚
7.The best way to have a friend is to be a friend.
to have a friend系to do 非谓语形式做后置定语；to be a friend 是to do 非谓语形式做表语。
Grammar: to do/ doing
一、动词不定式The Infinitive Form of Verbs
动词不定式是非谓语动词形式之一，它不能充当谓语，但具有谓语动词的主要特征，即时态和语态的变化；可以有自己的宾语和状语，构成不定式短语。
2．不定式的用法
不定式可以用来做主语、表语、定语、状语、宾语、独立成分，表示比较具体的意义。
（1）做主语
①动词不定式短语
To master a foreign language is no easy job.
To see this film is to waste time.
To solve this problem is out of the question
②为平衡整个句子，避免头重脚轻，常用it做形式主语，而将真正主语不定式放后
面，用于这种形式是一些特定的结构。例如：
1）谓语部分是系表结构，表语是某些形容词或名词。例如：
It is foolish to act in this way. It sounds reasonable to do it this way.
It appears likely for them to arrive. It is a good idea to think this way.
2）某些动词做谓语时。例如：
It took much time to do this. It makes us excited to think about that.
It needs hard work to finish the job. It does no good to say like that.
(2) 做表语
表示打算、计划、命令和要求，有时可见用appear, seem, happen等做系动词，常做主语的名词有：wish, aim, duty, hope, idea, mistakes, plan, purpose, suggestion.等抽象名词，也可以是what引导的主语从句。例如：
Such questions are to be avoided. What he said proved to be true.
He seems to be ill.
(3) 做定语
做定语时不定式一般紧跟其所修饰名词或代词后面。例如：
He kept on saying really mean thing to hurt me.
He was the first one to come this morning.
He didn’t have the chance to go to school in the past.
如果不定式是不及物动词时，应注意其相应介词的搭配。例如：
He has nothing to worry about.
She is a very nice person to work with.
There was only a small cold room to live in at that time.
(4) 作状语
不定式作状语可以表示目的、原因和结果。
①表目的常用in order to, so as to, so+形容词/副词+as to，such+名词+as to等结构但so
as to只能放在主句之后。
Check your homework so as to avoid mistakes.
She goes home (in order) to see her grandmother every week.
②表结果常用only to do, enough to do, too…to do等句型，不定式短语作结果状语具有
“意料之外”之意。
He is too excited to speak anything.
I hurried to his house, only to find him out.
③原因
She seemed surprised to see us.
He is sorry for what he did to think of his past.
④不定式作条件状语时谓语动词通常含有will, shall, should, would, can, must等。
You will do better to get her support.
You must get up early not to miss the train.
⑤不定式作方式状语时，通常采用as if 或 as though + to 的结构，其意为“好像要……”。
He raised his hand as if to hit me.
She took out a pen and a piece of paper as though to write something.
(5) 做宾语
①某些及物动词要用动词不定式作宾语, 以下及物动词常用动词不定式作宾语：
agree, ask, attempt, begin, care, choose, continue, decide, desire, determine, expect, forget, hate,hope,,intend, learn, like, love, manage, mean, offer, prefer,pretend,,promise, refuse, star t, try, want, undertake, wish等。例如：
I want to tell you about Zhao Jie. (page 7)
We agreed to meet here but so far she hasn’t turned up yet.
Mary begged to go with us.
②动词不定式作宾语时，如其后有补足语，则可以用先行语it作形式宾语，而将真正宾语动词不定式后移，用于该形式的常见动词有：believe, consider, declare, feel, guess, imagine, judge, know, make, prove, realize, report, see, show, suppose, think, understand, find等。例如：
I felt it useless for us to say anything further.
I made it a rule to get up early, take a cold bath, and then do some running.
I consider it better not to go.
(6) 做宾语补足语
①带to的不定式做宾补
有相当数量的及物动词或短语可以接带to的不定式做宾补。例如：
I shall try to persuade her to see the doctor. The villagers didn’t allow them to do this.
I will ask them to leave the company. I shall persuade him to take the medicine. He called on his friends to help him.
②不带to的不定式做宾补
也有一些及物动词后接不带to的不定式作宾补，常见的有使役动词类：make, let, have；感官动词类：see, watch, look at, notice, observe, hear, listen to, smell, feel等。但在被动结构中要带to (let除外)。例如：
Someone saw him enter my room. He was seen to enter my room.
The boy made the baby laugh by making a face at him.
The baby was made to laugh by making a face at him.
(7)“疑问词+不定式”相当于这些疑问代词和副词引导的名词性从句。常见引导该形式的动词有：decide, find out, forget, inquire, know, learn, remember, see, settle, think, understand, wonder等，在句子中可以做主语、宾语或表语。例如：
What to do next has not been decided. = What will do next has not been decided.
What worries me most is how to do it. = What worries me most is how we will do it.
I don’t know when to leave. = I don’t know when we will leave.
It is not yet decided whether to discuss this.= It is not yet decided whether we will discuss this.
(8) 不定式的省略
动词不定式中再次出现与前面相同的动词只留下不定式符号to, 省略其他以避免重复。例如：
I thought that Hannah must have deliberately told everyone about my mark after promising not to (tell everyone about my mark).
We won’t tell anyone about your call unless you want us to (tell anyone about your call). —Will you join us?
—I should love to (join you).
The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street but his mother told him not to (ride his bicycle in the street).
(9) 不定式的主动形式表被动意义
①不定式作定语时，若其逻辑主语是句子主语或宾语时，则可以用主动式表示被动。…the important thing to remember is that both of them are friendships. (page 18)
②但有时既可用主动形式也可用被动形式，意思不太一样。比较：
Have you anything to send? (to send 的执行者是“你”。)
Have you anything to be sent? (to be sent的动作执行者是“他人”。)
③形容词easy，difficult，hard，cheap，expensive，fit，nice，dangerous，comfortable，exciting, funny, heavy, important, good, interesting等后面接不定式作状语时，常用主动形式表被动意义, 可用it做形式主语的句型替换。
This book is easy to read. = It is easy to read the book.（这本书很容易读。）
We found the man difficult to deal with. =It is difficult for us to deal with the man.（我发现这个人很难对付。）
④在too…to…中, 不定式的主动式可以表示被动意义。
The plane is too far away to see.
(10) 动词不定式的复合结构
①不定式的复合结构“for sb. to do sth.”可充当多种句子成分。一般情况下，不定式动作的执行者就是句子的主语。有时不定式的动作执行者不是句子的主语，此时不定式for sb.来充当不定式to do sth.的逻辑主语。例如：
I don’t think it advisable for him to learn medicine. (宾语)
This is for you to decide. (表语)
She waved the red flag for the car to stop. (状语)
The article is too difficult for a child of ten to understand. (状语)
The order for them to climb the mountain was given. (定语)
For a child to learn everything is impossible. (主语)
②不定式的复合结构做主语时，常见用两种特定句型: “It is + adj. for / of sb. to do sth.”和“It is + n. of sb. to do sth”。
1) 在“It is…for /of sb. to do sth.”句型中，for sb.和of sb. 有区别。for sb.前应是表事物性质的形容词如easy, important, necessary, possible等，sb和这些形容词逻辑主谓关系不能成立。而of sb. 前应是表性格特征的形容词如good, kind, nice, brave, clever, careless, foolish, silly, stupid等，其逻辑主谓关系能够成立。例：
It is easy for us to understand the sentence.
We are easy逻辑主谓关系不能成立故用介词for。
It is clever of you to do that.
You are clever逻辑主谓关系能够成立故用介词of。
It is right/wrong for/of you to do that.
形容词right, wrong后接for sb和of sb都对。
2) “It is + n. of sb. to do sth”句型中常见名词多是抽象名词如
pleasure, pity, mistake, honor等，不定式的复合结构其实对抽象名词做了细节说明。例如：
It is a great mistake for them to agree with you.
It is a matter of honor for us to keep our standards as high as possible.
It is a great pleasure for me to live with you.
(11) 不定式的时态和语态
二、动名词
动名词是一种非谓语形式，起名词的作用，但带有动词的特征，可以有自己的宾语和状语，构成动名词短语。
2. 动名词的用法
动名词句法作用表
(1) 做主语
①动名词做主语表示比较抽象、习惯性和经常性的意义，在传统语法上和不定式做主
语表具体意义有区别, 随着语言不断进步, 这种区别正在逐渐消失。例如：
Moving to a new town or area can be a trying time. (page 12)
Saying is easier than doing. Collecting stamps is a good hobby.
②为平衡整个句子，避免头重脚轻，常用it做形式主语，而将真正主语不定式放后面，
用于这种形式是一些特定的结构。例如：
1) 谓语部分是系表结构，表语是某些形容词。例如：
It’s interesting planning a holiday. It’s rather tiring walking around in a city.
2) 当use，good，waste，bore，fun，shame，encouragement，等名词作表语时，通常
用it作形式主语，把作为真正主语的动名词后置。例如：
It’s no use talking to him again. = There is no use talking to him again.
It’s no good refusing to do it. = There is no good refusing to do it.
It is a waste of time trying to reason with him.
It’s fun having guests for the weekend.
It’s such an encouragement being able to pass all the exams.
③在“There be no+主语”这种结构中，通常用动名词做主语，而不用不定式。这种
结构表示“不可能、无法”，相当于“It is impossible to do sth”。例如：
There is no getting along with him.
=It is impossible to get along with him.
(2) 作宾语
某些动词或短语动词后面可以接动名词,见下表：
①表示动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。例如：
What do you think the proverbs tell us about friendship and getting along with others?(page 1)
If you can buy a person’s friendship, it’s not worth having. (page 1)
I was so upset that I felt like crying. (page 2)
It seems you need to apologize quickly to avoid losing a good friend. (page 5)
②有些动词如remember, forget, regret等或明确表示时间先后的介词on; upon，after
等，用动名词的一般式代替动名词完成式，表示动作在谓语动词表示的动作之前发生。
例如：
I remember seeing him before.
I regret selling the house.
On arriving Beijing, he went to see his friend.
After standing in the queue for hours, we got good seats.
③有些后面可跟动名词也可以跟不定式，意义区别不大。常见的动词有：s tart, like, hate,
love, continue, prefer, attempt, intend, propose等。
Then we both started shouting (to shout) at each other and it turned into a horrible
argument. (page 3)
He began learning (to learn) English at the age of five.
④有些动词后面可跟动名词也可以跟不定式，意义区别大。见下表：
(3) 作表语
相当于名词，说明主语动作的情况和状态。例如：
My job is teaching English.
Her job is washing, cleaning and taking care of the children.
Our duty is serving the people. = Our duty is to serve the people.
(4) 作定语
说明所修饰词的性质，具有名词的性质，它同所修饰的名词间不存在主谓关系。
a living room = a room for living a sleeping car = a car for sleeping
a swimming pool = a pool for swimming a waling stick = a stick for walking
(5) 动名词的复合结构
动名词之前的名词，如果是有生命的，通常用所属格表示，如果是无生命的，则用通格表示，现在有一种趋势用名词和代词代替所有格。
His coming won’t help much.I don’t mind your (you) smoking.
They insisted on our staying there. We are happy about his coming to see us.
Do you remember Mary coming to see you? He insisted on being sent to the hard area.
(6) 动名词的主动形式表示被动意义
① be worth 后接动名词时。
This book is well worth reading. =The book is worth to be read.
② need，want，require，bear，stand等动词后面可用动名词的主动式表被动意义，但用不定式时则只能用被动形式。
The old man needs looking after / to be looked after.
③在介词past, beyond 之后, 动名词的主动形式表被动。
The old watch is past repairing.
The beauty of the West Lake is really beyond describing.
(7) 动名词的时态和语态
动名词也有其完成时态和被动语态，常见动名词做宾语时，说明动名词表示的动作先发生和逻辑被动主谓关系。例如：
I don’t remember having been given a chance to have a try.
Do you mind Jam’s being left alone at home?
He has insisted on his being called Dr. Turner instead of Mr. Turner.
4B U1-U8知识点整理 Tips：划横线为必背内容,加粗字体为重要知识点,★能力题选背。 Unit1 Our school subjects语法考点 1.问学科：what 问课what ; 如：What do you like? 你喜欢什么学科？ 如：What do you have this term(学期)? 如：What do you have? 2. 学科类名词首字母要; 如：科学;语文 3. 评价某个学科有趣用It's ; 4. 今天早上用morning; 早上用morning; 5. 操场前面要加; 如去操场; 6. 多个学科并列时要用逗号隔开（不能用顿号），最后两个单词之间要用连接; Unit2 After school语法考点 1. 星期考点 ①星期一到星期天分别是(拼写)：星期一;星期二;星期三; 星期四;星期五;星期六;星期天; ②英语中，一个星期的第一天是; 如is the first(第一) day of a week(一周). is the (第二) day of a week(一周) ③在星期几前面的介词用;; 在星期几的上午在星期后加在星期几的下午在星期后加; 如：在星期天上午 ④对星期几提问特殊疑问词用; 2. It's time for / to考点（是时候做...） It's time for. I It’s time to 3. some、any 考点 ①some在部分疑问句和否定句中要改为 ②用于征求对方意见并且希望得到肯定答复的时候，some无须改为any;总结为以下3种情况 (1)Would you like some ... ? (2)What/How about some ... ? (3)Can I have some ...? (详见U7语法考点) 4. like考点 ①like后接可数名词要用复数形式; 如：like mangoes ②like后接动词时要用动词ing形式; 如：like playing basketball Unit3 My day语法考点 1. 时间介词in, on,at 的考点 in考点 ①四季前介词用in, 如：in spring ②in还可以表示在“某段时间内”，如：在早晨in the morning 在下午in the afternoon 在晚上in the evening on考点 ①在星期几前介词用on ,如on Sunday, on Monday ②在星期几的上午/下午/晚上用：on + 星期几+ 上午/下午/晚上 如：on Saturday morning 在星期六早上 ③在晴朗的一天介词用on, 如：on a sunny day 在晴朗的一天 at考点 ①在“几点”前介词用at, 如：at seven thirty ②固定搭配:at night 在夜里 2. 两种问时间的表达法：What time is it (now)? = What’s the time? (现在)几点了？ 回答统一用：It's + 几点 3. When考点 When 询问的是时间范围回答一般用at; 如：—你早上什么时候吃早饭？When do you have breakfast in the morning? —我在八点半吃早饭。I have breakfast at eight thirty. 注：含有When的疑问句回答必须用at + 时间，不能用It's + 时间 4. 中英文时间表达差异性：通常中文中的时间在前面，翻译为“我在什么时间做什么事。” 而英语中时间放在句末，且小时间在前，大时间在后，如：I get up at six thirty in the morning. 5. 时间表达法 ①整点表达法：数字+ o’clock; o’clock也可省略; ②非整点表达法：按从左到右的顺序，依次先说小时数，再说分钟数。 如：11：05 eleven five ★能力题：时间表达法： (1)分钟数< 30分钟结构：分钟数+ past(超过) + 小时数即几点超过几分 如：3:20 twenty past two (2)分钟数> 30分钟结构：分钟数+ to(差) + 小时数即几点差几分 如：1:55 two to two 6. 动词原形的考点 ①can / can’t + 动词原形能/不能做... 如：He can skate. ②want to + 动词原形想要做... 如：I want to swim. ③don’t + 动词原形不要... 如：Don’t shout. ④let’s + 动词原形让我们... 如：Let’s draw pictures.
省略句练习题 1. ____ time, he’ll make a first –class tennis player. A. Having given B.To give C. Giving D. Given 2.—Susan,go on. Your sister is cleaning the yard. ---Why____? John is sitting there doing nothing. A. him B. he C. I D. me 3.Generally speaking, ____according to the direction, the drug has no side effect. A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take D. when to be taken 4. Unless ____ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference. A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited 5.—The boys are not doing a good job at all, are they? -- _______. A. I guess not so. B. I don’tguess
C. I don’tguess so D. I guess not. 6.The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if ____whether he was going in the right direction. A. seeing B. having seen C. to have seen D. to see 7.When ____, the museum will be open to the public next year. A. completed B. completing C. being completed D. to be completed 8. The director gave me a better offer than _____. A. that of Dick’s B. Dick’s C. he gave Dick D.those of Dick 9. ---Does your brother intend to study German? ---Yes, he intends_____. A. / B. to C. so D. that 10.--Alice, why didn’tyou come yesterday? ---I ____, but I had an unexpected visitor.
四年级英语语法 一、词类: 1、名词 这里强调两点：不可数名词都默认为单数，所以总是用is 名词复数如何加后缀：
2、 人称代词和物主代词 3、指示代词 4、冠词 有 a 、an 、the 。 a 和 an 的区别： an 用于元音音素（一般就是元音字母 a 、 e 、 i 、 般动词前用主格，动词后用宾格
o、 u）前，a用于辅音音素前。 二、否定句： be 动词（am、is、are）+not、 情态动词can+ not、 助动词（do、does）+ not 如何将一个肯定的陈述句改为否定句： 1、看句中有无be 动词，如有，直接在be 动词后+ not。 2、看句中有无情态动词，如有，直接在情态动词后+ not。 3、如上述二者都没有，就应用助动词+ n ot。分四个步骤： （1）肯定陈述句中本来是没有助动词的，要加上去，位置在主语（某人或某物）后，动词前。（2）确定助动词用do、does，根据句中动词，动词是原形的助动词就用do，动词是第三人称单数的助动词就用does， （3）在助动词后加not。 （4）原句中动词假如发生变化就要恢复成原形。 强调一点，有some的要考虑是否要用any。 三、一般疑问句。 如何将一个肯定的陈述句改为一般疑问句： 1、看句中有无be动词，如有，把be动词提到句首即可
2、看句中有无情态动词，如有，把情态动词提到句首即可。 3、如上述二者都没有，就应把助动提到句首。分四个步骤： （1）肯定陈述句中本来是没有助动词的，要加上去，位置在主语（某人或某物）后，动词前。 （2）确定助动词用do还是does，根据句中动词，动词是原形的助动词就用do，动词是第三人称单数的助动词就用does （3）把助动词后提到句首。 （4）原句中动词假如发生变化就要恢复成原形。 强调一点，有some的要考虑是否要用any。 四、特殊疑问句。 表示疑问，有疑问词（在开头），回答有很多种可能。 常用疑问词：
牛津高中英语模块三语言点 Unit 1 The world of our senses 一、Reading 1. (Page 2, Line 7) Once out in the street, she walked…… 如果从句和主句的主语一致，或者从句的主语为it，同时从句中含有be的适当形式，可以省略从句的主语和be动词，留下分词、介词短语等成分作状语，表示时间、原因、方式、让步、伴随状态等含义。从句前可以加上适当的连词，使从句的含义更加明确。 ① Once（it is）seen，it will be never forgotten. ②When (you are) in the street, you’d better be careful. ③ While (you are) reading, underline the key words. 2. this: adv.这么that much: 那么多 that: adv.那么He isn’t this / that tall. 3. observe: vt. (1) 观察，注意到(2) 遵守(3) 庆祝 observer: n.目击者，观察者，观测员，观察员 ① She observed that the pond was drying up. ② observe the speed limit. ③ observe the Christmas Day. ④ The UN sent a team of observers to the peace talks. 4. glance at sth: 瞥一眼，匆匆看，扫视 at first glance: 乍一看 ① He glanced at nervously at his watch. ② At first glance, the palace seemed deserted. 5. stare at sth: 盯着，凝视 glare at sth: 怒目而视，瞪着 ① He stared at the diamond with great amazement. ② Tom didn’t shout. He just glared at me silently. 6. nowhere: adv.无处，到处都不 n. [U] 无处 be nowhere to be seen / found / heard: 哪儿也见∕找∕听不到 nowhere else: 没有别的地方 get nowhere: 没有结果∕进展 ① Such case is nowhere to be found. ② I have nowhere else to go. ③ It’s a good idea but it will get nowhere without more financial support. ④ Nowhere else can you find a more beautiful view. 7. narrow: adj.窄的，狭隘的；勉强的；精确的 vt. & vi. (使)变窄，缩小 ◆◆narrowly: adv. 勉强地；严密地，仔细地 ① He has a narrow mind. 他度量很小。 ② a narrow escape from death: 九死一生 ③ What does the word mean in its narrowest sense? ④ In order to widen the road he had to narrow the pavement. ⑤The road narrows here. ⑥He narrowly escaped drowning.
最新牛津版英语五年级知识点总结 学习目标 学习句型How many ... are there ... ? 学习there be 的一般疑问句及回答方法 学习本单元新单词 学习音标/ei/ 主要知识点 ●There be 句型的一般疑问句是将is 或are 调到there 的前面，比如：There is some paper under the desk. ★Is there any paper under the desk? 需要注意的是，一般疑问句中的some 要用any 来代替. ●询问数量，不论答句是单数或复数形式（即用there is 或there are）， 都用句型“How many + 名词复数+are there + 介词短语？”来提问. 例如：How many floors are there in the classroom building? （教学大楼有几层楼？） ●/ei/的发音方法：1. 先发/e/，然后慢慢滑向/i/ 2. 嘴成半圆形，张得比/i:/和/i/开 3. 结束发音时，腭部慢慢抬起，嘴唇慢慢合上 4. 可以感觉到舌部肌肉紧张.
五年级上U2: A new house 学习目标 There be 的否定句 方位介词 here is 句型 主要知识点 ●there be 句型的否定句形式是在be 动词后面加上not，即： There be + not + 主语+ 其它. ●方位介词：in - 在……里面方位介词：on - 在……上面 方位介词：under - 在……下面方位介词：near - 在……旁边 方位介词：behind - 在……后面 ●Here is/are …意思是“这是/这些是……”.Here 后的be 动词要根据后面名词变化. 五年级上U3: At a Music lesson 学习目标 学习情态动词can（能） 学习祈使句 学习疑问句Where，Who 学习音标/a:/ 主要知识点 ●用动词作为句子开头，省略了主语（You），这种类型的句子我们称它是祈使
Unit 1Great scientists [核心词汇] 1．characteristic n．特征；特性 2．defeat v t.打败；战胜；使受挫 n.失败 3．attend v t.照顾；护理；出席；参加4．cure v t.& n.治愈；痊愈；治疗5．challenge n.挑战 v t.向……挑战 6．absorb v t.吸收；吸引；使专心7．suspect v t.认为；怀疑 n.被怀疑者；嫌疑犯8．blame v t.责备；谴责 n.过失；责备 9．link v t.& n.连接；联系10．handle n.柄；把手 v t.处理；操纵 [拓展词汇] 11．conclude v t.&v i.结束；推断出 →conclusion n.结论；结束12．analyse v t.分析 →analysis n.分析
13．expose v t.暴露；揭露；使曝光 →exposed adj.无遮蔽的；无保护的；风险高的14．pollute v t.污染；弄脏 →pollution n.污染 →polluted adj.污染的，被弄脏的15．announce v t.宣布；通告 →announcement n.通知；宣告 16．instruct v t.指示；教导；命令 →instructor n.教员；传授者 →instruction n.用法说明；操作指南 →instructive adj.有教育意义的 17．construct v t.建设；修建 →construction n.建设；建筑物 18．contribute v t.&v i.捐献；贡献；捐助 →contribution n.捐献；贡献；捐助 19．reject v t.拒绝；不接受；抛弃 →rejection n.拒绝；抛弃 20．caution n.小心，谨慎 →cautious adj.小心的，谨慎的 1．put forward 提出 2．expose...to... 使显露；暴露 3．make sense 讲得通；有意义 4．be to blame 应受谴责，应负责任5．cure...of... 治愈某人的……(疾病) 6．draw a conclusion 得出结论 7．link...to... 将……和……联系或连接起来8．apart from 除……之外；此外 9．be strict with 对……严格的
牛津译林版英语高考英语语法专题复习：省略句和 强调句讲解 一、省略 考点一不定式中的省略 1．感官动词或使役动词（feel，n otice，see，hear，let，make，have 等）后接不定式作宾语补足语时常省略to。 I heard my father sing in the kitchen. 2．在由and 或or 连接的并列不定式结构中常省略后面的to。 I want to finish my homework and go home. 3．在某些形容词（如：glad，happy，pleased 等）后面时常保留 to 而省略上文已提到的动词原形。 —Will you join us in the game? —I'd be glad to. 4 ．在do nothing but ，can't hel p but ，why not ，would rather...than...，had better 等句型中省略to。 The little boy cou l d do nothing but cry. 5．to 后的内容常承前省略（只保留to 即可）。但如果承前省略的不定式中有have 或be 的任何形式，后应该保留原形be 或have。 Susan is not what she used to be. 考点二定语从句中的省略 1．在限制性定语从句中，如果关系代词that，which，whom 作 从句中的宾语，可将关系代词省略。 Do you know the man（whom）our teacher spoke to? 2．先行词the way（关系词作状语），time（次数）后的定语从 句常省略关系词。
牛津英语新教材4A Unit7第二课时教案 一、教学内容 Unit7 How much? (Fun time & Cartoon time) 二、教学目标 1、能够在教师的示范下自由谈论价格。 2、能够说出1-50的英文，通过自主发现归纳出数字中的规律。 3、能够充分理解享受动画内容并表演。 三、教学重点 1、能够在教师的示范下自由谈论价格。 2、能够说出1-50的英文，通过自主发现归纳出数字中的规律。 3、能够充分理解享受动画内容并表演。 四、教学难点 1.能够说出1-50的英文，通过自主发现归纳出数字中的规律。 五、教学过程 （课前热身——a song about numbers 课前布置学生了解自己的衣服、鞋子、文具等物品的价格） Step1 Greeting and free talk 1.Greeting T:Hello,boys and girls. I’m very happy to be your new English teacher today. I’d like to know something about you. What’s your name? Nice to meet you.（问2~3人） 2.Free talk T:Oh, your pencil box is cool! How much is it? Your shoes are
very nice. How much are they ? Your jacket is smart. How much is it? T: Look at my coat. Is it nice? It’s a magic coat. I have some toys in my coat. If you did a good job, you can get them. （展示物品1个单数1个复数）问学生How much is it? How much are they? They are nice and cheap.I bought them at a charity sale. Step2 Presentation 1.Revision T:Here is a charity sale too. Our friends Su Hai and Su Yang want to sell things . How many things can you see?（带读复习单词umbrella、fan、socks和shoes）Look ,here are the customers.(课件展示义卖场景和Liu Tao、Yang Ling、Mike) 引导学生提问 Q1 What would Liu Tao like?（关注umbrella读音。分人提问，课件展示物品图片到相应人物下方）How much are they? Q2 引导学生在小组内进行提问。Can you ask some questions like this? Ask and answer in your group. Q3 How much money do Su Hai and Su Yang have?（课件展示5+4+19=28）T: We know they have four things but they sold three of them. Which one has been left? Ss: A fan. T: Right! How much is it? Guess.(课件上打出问号) 引导学生猜，生生互问，用up and down 进行提示。 2. Fun time T: We know the price of the fan now. But there are many things
Unit1 一、单词: cat猫dog狗elephant大象horse马lion狮monkey猴子panda熊猫tiger狮子like 喜欢animal动物cute可爱的fat胖的have有don’t不 二、词组： 1、these toy animals这些玩具动物 2、boys and girls男生们和女生们 3、look at看… 4、I like 我喜欢 5、I don’t like 我不喜欢 6、cute and fat又胖又可爱 7、I have 我有8、I don’t have 我没有 9、little monkey 小猴子10、in the tree在树上 11、run with me 跟我跑 三、句型： 1、Do (助动词）you like+复数？你喜欢…吗？ 用于询问对方是否喜欢某类事物 肯定回答：Yes，I do. 否定回答：No，I don’t. 2、Would you like …？你想要…吗？ 用于征询对方意见 肯定回答：Yes，please. 否定回答：No，thanks./thank you. 3. What’s that？那是什么？ It’s a … 它是一个… 3、表达自己的喜好：I like sth./doing sth. 例：I like bananas. I like swimming. 4、in the tree:在树上，表示小鸟、气球等外界的物体“落在树上” on the tree:在树上,表示树叶、果实等“长在树上”。
Unit2 一、单词: banana香蕉，grape葡萄，mango芒果，pineapples菠萝，pear梨子，doll洋娃娃，let’s咱们/让我们，make做，fruit水果，salad色拉，any一些，some一些，our 我们的，cool酷，真棒， wonderful精彩的，绝妙的 二、词组： 1、some grapes一些葡萄 2、Here you are给你 3、make a fruit salad做一个水果色拉 4、our fruit salad我们得水果色拉 5、How nice!多么漂亮 6、how many 多少 7、have a hot cake吃一个热蛋糕8、purple grapes紫色葡萄 9、nice and sweet又漂亮又甜 三、句型： 1、Do you have a …？ 你有一个…吗？ 肯定回答：Yes，I do. 否定回答：No，I don’t. 2、Do you have +复数？ 你有…吗？ 肯定回答：Yes，I do. 否定回答：No，I don’t. 3、How many(特殊疑问词）+复数+do you have？ 你有多少个…？ 4、表达自己拥有某件或某些物品时 I have sth. 当主语为第三人称单数时，have变为has. 例：She has some apples. 5、Let’s do sth. 意为“咱们……吧”表达建议 回答：All right./Ok.
牛津高中英语模块三 语言点
牛津高中英语模块三语言点 Unit 1 The world of our senses 一、Reading 1. (Page 2, Line 7) Once out in the street, she walked…… 如果从句和主句的主语一致，或者从句的主语为it，同时从句中含有be的适当形式，可以省略从句的主语和be动词，留下分词、介词短语等成分作状语，表示时间、原因、方式、让步、伴随状态等含义。从句前可以加上适当的连词，使从句的含义更加明确。 ① Once（it is）seen，it will be never forgotten. ②When (you are) in the street, you’d better be careful. ③ While (you are) reading, underline the key words. 2. this: adv.这么 that much: 那么多 that: adv.那么 He isn’t this / that tall. 3. observe: vt. (1) 观察，注意到 (2) 遵守 (3) 庆祝 observer: n.目击者，观察者，观测员，观察员 ① She observed that the pond was drying up. ② observe the speed limit. ③ observe the Christmas Day. ④ The UN sent a team of observers to the peace talks. 4. glance at sth: 瞥一眼，匆匆看，扫视 at first glance: 乍一看 ① He glanced at nervously at his watch. ② At first glance, the palace seemed deserted. 5. stare at sth: 盯着，凝视 glare at sth: 怒目而视，瞪着 ① He stared at the diamond with great amazement. ② Tom didn’t shout. He just glared at me silently. 6. nowhere: adv.无处，到处都不 n. [U] 无处 be nowhere to be seen / found / heard: 哪儿也见∕找∕听不到
2017－2018学年第一学期四年级英语教学计划 班级情况分析 本学期担任四（1 ）、四（2 ）班的英语教学，其中四（ 1）班有 40 个学生，女生 18 人，男生21 人，四（ 2）班有 42 个学生，女生 20 人，男生 22 人。四（1）班的学生普遍基础良好，有个别学生的学习习惯比较差，他们经常不能自觉完成作业，速度比较慢，而且上课注意力不集中，所以这学期重点培养他们的学习习惯。四（ 2）班总体的学生接受能力不是很快，拔尖的学生很少，学习上缺少主动，但还算是比较听话的。这就要求教学中教师要注意上课的节奏，以及课后辅导的耐心，对学生的要求不能太高，要循序渐进。同时注意到学生中存在的两极分化，教学内容同样要注意由简到难，循序渐进。由于小学生好动，教师应以活动为课堂教学的主要形式，设计丰富多彩的教学活动加以一定的任务型教学的理念，培养学生有目的的学习。课堂教学中通过各种教学手段充分培养学生的听说读写能力，尤其要加强识读，拼写的能力以及语言交际能力。另外，要发挥学生的团队合作意识，努力发掘培养小干部，多多发挥他们的带头示范作用，使整个班级形成良好的学习英语的氛围。 教材分析 本册教材主要分一下几个板块： 1.Story time是单元核心板块。通过生动的课文，帮助学生掌握基本的英语语言知识，发展基本的英语听、说、读、写技能，初步形成用英语与他人交流的能力，促进思维能力的发展，同时提高学生的综合人文素养。Fun time是句型操练板块。通过趣味性、互动性较强的语言实践活动，帮助学生熟练掌握Story time中呈现的主要词语和句型，以提高他们用英语进行简单交流的能力。 3.Cartoon time是拓展性趣味阅读板块。通过以小老鼠Bobby和小猫Sam 等卡通人物为中心的趣味小故事，帮助学生复习本单元的语言知识，训练语言技能，提高阅读理解能力;同时有计划地呈现下一单元即将出现主要句型。 4.Sound time 是语音学习板块。通过例词和绕口令，引导学生了解字母在单词中的读音、简单的拼读规则和句子重读、连读、节奏语调等现象。 5.Song time/Rhyme time 是歌曲、歌谣学习板块。通过唱歌曲、诵歌谣等活动，激发学生的兴趣，活跃学生的身心，帮助学生潜移默化地巩固所学内容，形成良好的语感，提高听说
【精品】Unit7 What’s the matter? Sound time Song time Checkout time Ticking time (练习)译林版(三起)-四年级英语下 一、听录音，根据你所听内容选出所含有的单词。 ( ) 1. A. thirty B. thirsty C. T-shirt ( ) 2. A. happy B. party C. day ( ) 3. A. water B. matter C. boat ( ) 4. A. sad B. cold C. coat ( ) 5. A. time B. them C. they ( ) 6. A. write B. white C. what ( ) 7. A. shorts B. shoes C. socks ( ) 8. A. speak louldy B. sit down C. it is ( ) 9. A. She’s ill B. He’s Bil C. It’s a hill ( ) 10. A. your dog B. her doll C. don’t cry 二、连线。 1. 2. 3. a. sad b. thirsty c. hungry
4. 5. 6. 三、连词成句。 1. not am thirsty I (.) _________________________________________________ 2. some have I can juice (?) _________________________________________________ 3. want to I go to bed (.) _________________________________________________ 4. cakes are whose they (?) _________________________________________________ 5. speaking is this Miss Li (.) _________________________________________________ d. tired e.ill f.happy
译林牛津高中英语模块六知识点汇总 Unit 1 Laughter is good for you 一、Reading 1. stand up for sth: 支持，维护…… We should strive to stand up for our right. 2. stage: n. 舞台，阶段，时期 be on the stage: 在舞台上；当演员，登台表演 go on the stage: 上舞台，当演员 on stage: 在舞台上 at a early stage: 在早期 ①One minute on the stage and ten years of practice off the stage. ②She wanted to go on the stage from an early age. 他从小就相当演员。 ③We watched them from afar, and admired them only on screen and on stage. 我们远远的注视他们，只能通过荧屏或舞台钦慕他们的风采。 ④The babies develop quickly at an early stage. 3. variety: n. (1) 变化，多样性[U] a life lacking variety. (2) 种类，各种各样 a variety of sth: 各种各样的 varieties of sth: ①He left for a variety of reasons. ②In the green grocers’ there are varieties of greens. 菜市场里有各种各样的蔬菜。 ③The varieties of goods in this supermarket are rich. 4. behave well / badly: 行为表现好∕坏 behave oneself: 行为表现好 ①He behaves badly all the time. ②Children, please behave yourself. 5. tease sb / make fun of sb: 取笑，嘲弄 Don’t take what he said seriously, she is just teasing you. 别拿他的话当真，他只是在取笑你。 6. trip over sth: 被……绊倒 trip sth (up): 绊倒…… ①She tripped over a cat and fell down. ②He tried to trip me but in vain. 7. get one’s start: 挣得第一桶金 howl with laughter: 哈哈大笑 He got his start in the business and howled with laughter. 8. have affection for sth: 喜爱，钟爱 He has great affection for his work. 9. later on: 后来，过些时候 10. such: adj. 那样的，这样的，如此的 such与数词或不定代词any，some，all，no等连用时放在它们之后；与不定冠词连用时，放在不定代词之前。例如： ①There is no such thing as a free lunch. ②You gave me such a flight.
2015年春季一加一教育七年级英语讲义（四） Unit 3 Welcome to Sunshine Town! 编写人：蔡丹丹审核人：张万丽 2015/3/24 Part I 预习热身 一、重点短语 1.我的一位老朋友___________________ 2. 交流学生______________________________ 3. 乘地铁__________________________ 4. 盼望，期待____________________________ 5. 离……不远______________________ 6. 等一会儿______________________________ 7. 西餐厅__________________________ 8. 当地的剧院____________________________ 9. 看一些精彩的电影________________ 10. 品尝一些中式食品______________________ 二、重点句子及点拨 1．An old friend of mine is coming to see me，Hobo． an old friend of mine意为“____________________________________"。 在英语中冠词与物主代词不能同时放在同一个修饰词前，要表示“我的一个……"“他的两个……"则须用“冠词／数词+名词+of+名词性物主代词”结构。 如：吉姆的一支钢笔______________________________ 她的一本书__________________________________ 2．But there’s nothing in the fridge Nothing=not anything e.g.: There is nothing in my box. = There is not anything in my box. ★one, no one , 与nothing 的区别 None: 可以指代人或者物，常与of 连用。 None of my friends come to see me. No one: 通常指人，相当于 nobody, 不可以与 of 连用，一般回答who 引导的疑问句。 Who knows this boy? --------- No one. Nothing: 通常指代物，一般回答what 引导的问句。 What do you know about him? --------- Nothing. 3．Shopping is fun． 句中shopping是动名词作主语。 此结构可以转换成_________________________________ 动名词在句中作主语谓语用_____________，但如果是两个动名词作主语时谓语用___________________。 如：跑步对我们有好处。________________________________________________________ 跑步和游泳对我们有好处。___________________________________________________ 4．Shall we invite them to have dinner with us? (1).句中的invite 意为“邀请”，其用法有二：一是invite sb to+地点，表示___________________； 二是invite sb to do sth，表示____________________________________________ 如：我经常邀请我的朋友们去我家_________________________________________________ 我经常邀请我的朋友去公园___________________________________________________ (2).句中的have dinner 表示“_________________”。 如，我经常和我父母一起吃正餐。____________________________________________________ 5．Welcome to Sunshine Town．欢迎到阳光镇! welcome是及物动词，意为“欢迎"；它还可以作形容词，意为“受欢迎的"。如： 也许他们不欢迎像你们这样的游客。_______________________________________________ 6．There are lots of things to do in Sunshine Town． 句中动词不定式to do作后置定语，修饰things。 如：我有事情告诉你。__________________________________________________________ 7．It takes only 40 minutes by underground． (1)by underground意为“乘地铁”，表示交通方式。by后直接接交通工具，且用单数， 相当于“in／on+the／a+交通工具”。 如：我乘公共汽车去上班。_________________________=___________________________ =_____________________________________________________ (2)此句是缩略句。完整的句子应是： It takes only 40 minutes by underground to go from Sunshine Town to the centre to Beijing． 此句型中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式。 It takes(sb．)some time to do sth．表示“(某人)花费时间去做某事”。 如：他每天花一小时做家庭作业。_________________________________________________ 8．Why not visit our local theatre and enjoy Beijing opera? “Why not+ v．+…”相当于“Why don’t you + v．．．"是用来提建议的句型。用于提建议的句型还有： __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________等 9．We are looking forward to meeting you soon．我们盼望不久就能见到你们。 look forward to意为“盼望，期待”，to是介词，后接_______________________________作宾语。如：我们期待着一个没有作业的假期。_______________________________________________ 我期待着快点收到你的来信____________________________________________________ 10. There is also a beautiful park in the town center. 句中的also 意为“也” ★辨析also，too，either ①also，比too正式，用在肯定句和疑问句中，常常置于句中，位于be动词，情态动词和助动词之后，实义动词之前。 ②too，使用最广泛，多用于口语当中，用于肯定句和疑问句中，位于句尾，或作为插入语， 前后都用逗号隔开。两外，too 还可以用于省略句中。 ③either，常用于否定句中，位于句尾，其前常用都好与句子隔开。 11. Beijing duck is very famous. 句中的famous表示“著名的，出名的”。短语“以.......而著名”是____________________ . 如: 中国以长城而出名______________________________________________________ “作为......而出名”是____________________________________。 如: 李明是作为歌手而出名的。______________________________________________________ 12. If you do not like Chinese food, there are some Western restaurants too. Western : 形容词，西方的 western people= people in the west