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高一英语下 (Unit5. Problems and advice 基础知识梳理)教师辅导讲义教案

高一英语下 (Unit5. Problems and advice 基础知识梳理)教师辅导讲义教案
高一英语下 (Unit5. Problems and advice 基础知识梳理)教师辅导讲义教案

教师辅导讲义

12. violence n. 暴力

The police are determined to stop violence in the streets.警察决定制止街上的暴力。

Many TV viewers were shocked at the violence and bad language in the film.

影片中的暴力场面和难听的粗话使许多电视观众感到震惊。

【拓展】violent adj.强烈的;凶暴的

e. g. a violent wind暴风 a violent attack猛攻 a violent toothache剧烈的牙痛

13. purchase n. 购买的东西

The couple were proud of their new purchase—a house in the country.这对夫妇非常满意新近在乡下买的一栋房子。

This shirt was the most extravagant purchase I have ever made.这件衬衫是我买过的最奢侈的东西。

【拓展】purchase n.购买

The young couple work very hard to save money to purchase a new flat.

这对年轻夫妇努力工作为了存钱买一套新公寓。

14. grumble v.咕哝;发牢骚

They always find something to grumble about.他们总是怨这怨那。

【搭配】grumble at / about / over sth

He grumbled at/about/over the low pay offered to him.他抱怨给他的待遇低。

Why grumble at me about your own stupid mistakes? 干嘛向我抱怨你自己犯的愚蠢错误?

【拓展】grumble n.怨言,牢骚

He is a person full of grumbles.他是个牢骚满腹的人。

Ⅱ. Key Expressions重点词组

1. leave for动身前往

He will leave for England by plane early tomorrow morning.他明天一早就要乘飞机去英国了。

The plane leaves Heathrow for Orly at 11: 35.飞机于11时35分自希思罗机场起飞前往奥利。

2. do no good 不起作用在此结构中good是名词,意为“益处;作用”。

Social workers do a lot of good for the whole society.社会工作者为整个社会做了许多有益的事情。

Eat more fruits, and it will do you good.多吃水果对你会有好处。

【拓展】good作为形容词时的常用搭配:

(1 ) be good for对……有益

Most people know that vegetables are good for health.大多数人都知道蔬菜对健康有好处。

(2 )be good to sb (=be kind to sb)对某人友善

Alice married George at last, for he was very good to her-when she was ill.

爱丽丝最后嫁给了乔治,因为他在她生病时对她很好。

3. be busy (in) doing...忙于做……

He is busy (in) preparing his final exams these days. =He is busy with the preparation of his final exams these days.

他这几天正忙于准备期终考试。

be busy with sth.

4. mean to成心要;打算要

He means to cause trouble.他存心捣乱。

She means to succeed.她立意求成。

5. I saw three tough guys enter my almost empty carriage.

( l ) see sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事,强调整个过程。

The mother saw her son cross the road.(表示看到孩子过马路的整个过程。)

【拓展】see sb. doing sth看见某人正做某事,强调时间点上发生的动作。

I saw the boy crossing the road at that time.(表示孩子正在过马路。)

(2 ) almost几乎,相当于nearly,区别在于否定句中多用almost,但是not nearly表示“远非/远不……”。

The money we have is not nearly enough for the trip to Beijing.

6. I regret not helping him, but not being Superman and hating violence, what could I do?

not being Superman and hating violence这是一个现在分词短语,用来表示原因。

Being a teacher, I should be strict with my students and care for them as well.

作为一个老师,我应该在严格要求学生的同时又关爱他们。

活学活用:

for several weeks, the city was short of food and clothing.

A. As having flooded

B. As flooding

C. Having been flooded

D. To flood

答案:C

7. On discovering the error, …

on discovering…是一个“介词+动名词”的结构,一般用在句首,意为“一……就……”。

On hearing the news that China won the bid for holding the 2010 World Expo, many people jumped with joy.

=The moment they heard the news that China won the bid for holding the 2010 World Expo, many people jumped with joy.

一听到中国获得2010年世博会主办权的消息,许多人高兴得跳了起来。

8. That did it! 够了!

这是一句口头用语,意为:“某人不能再忍受下去了”。

9. I had meant to correct the error before leaving, but she would not let me.

had meant to do sth (=meant to have done)表示“过去原本想要做某事,但事实上没有做”。

They had meant to leave tomorrow, but stayed on at last.他们本来想明天走的,但最后又留了下来。

【拓展】其他表示意向的动词,如want, think, hope, expect, plan等也可用于这个结构。

I had expected to see her there but she was too busy to meet me.

我本来希望在那儿与她见面的,但是她太忙了,没时间来见我。

We had hoped to attend the concert, but could not afford the time.我们本来希望去听音乐会的,但没能抽得出时间。

More reading

I. Key Words重点单词

1.counsellor n.顾问

Do you want to see a job guidance counselor ? 你想找个就业顾问吗?

【拓展】counsel v. counsel(l)ing,counsel(l) ed 向……提供专业建议;建议,劝告

The lawyer counseled him not to say anything.律师建议他什么也不要说。

She counseled her daughter on how to behave well at the ball.

就如何在舞会上表现得体,她给她的女儿提供了一些建议。

2. hesitate v.(对某事)犹豫;迟疑不决

She hesitated before jumping into the water.跳水之前她犹豫了。

You have hurt her feelings by saying so.你这么说已经伤害了她的感情。

7. suffer v.受苦;遭受;受折磨

If there is someone seriously ill in a family, not only the sick person but all the other family members may greatly suffer.

如果家里有人患了重病,病人及其家人都会深受折磨。

People in that area cursed the war which made them suffer so much.

那个地区的人们咒骂这场让他们饱受痛苦的战争。

【拓展】suffering n.(不可数)痛苦,苦难;pl.痛苦或不幸等的感觉;苦恼;折磨

She keeps complaining about all her sufferings.她一直抱怨她所受的折磨。

Ⅱ. Key Expressions重点词组

1. make …right = put/set…right=correct…/restore…to order 使……恢复正常;纠正/改正……

Since it is his fault, I think it's his responsibility to make the situation right.

既然是他的过错,我觉得就应该由他来纠正错误。

【拓展】get…right=understand clearly without error 清楚无误地理解

Let's get one thing right. I give the orders here.我们得先弄清楚一件事,在这儿得听我的。

2. watch for 观察等待(某人出现或发生某事)

Every Christmas Eve, young children watch for Father Christmas to appear.

每年的圣诞前夜,小孩子们都等待圣诞老人出现。

He watched for an opportunity of returning quietly.他静静地等候着回去的机会。

He sat watching for a rabbit to come out of the burrow.他坐着等待兔子从兔窝里出来。

【拓展】watch out for警惕或注意

You must always watch out for the traffic here.你必须时时留意这儿的往来车辆。

Watch out! There is a car coming.当心,有一辆车开过来了。

3. belong to 属于(无被动,无进行时态)

The house Mary lives in belongs to her parents, not her.=Her parents rather than Mary owns the house in which she lives.

玛丽现在所住的房子不是属于她的,而是属于她的父母的。

4. persuade sb to do sth说服某人做某事。

Can he persuade his daughter to change her mind? 他能说服自己的女儿改变想法吗?

【拓展】persuade sb into/out of doing sth说服某人做/不做某事

Nobody can persuade her out of travelling alone in the desert at the risk of her life.

没有人能说服她不要拿生命冒险,独自去沙漠旅游。

Can we persuade her out of her foolish plans? 我们能说服她放弃她的愚蠢计划吗?

当表示“说服”未取得成功时,要用try to persuade sb. to do sth

Laura is trying to persuade her manager to sign the document.劳拉正设法使她的经理在文件上签字(不一定成功)。

persuasion n.(不可数)

He won their support by persuasion, not force.他通过劝说而非武力赢得了他们的支持。

Step4: Consolidation exercise.

Section A:Choose the right answer

1. ________ with the book I bought yesterday, the one ________ from the library doesn’t seem interesting.

A. When compared; borrowed

B. While comparing; borrowed

C. Compare; borrowing

D. Comparing; borrowing

II. Complete the sentences with the given verbs in their proper forms.

11.I saw three tough guys(tease) and ________ (bully) a young boy, while _________ (travel)home by subway.

12.After _________ (question), the son of the tenant was let go for the time being.

13.They found a flower pot __________ (smash) to bits on the ground below.

14.Who do you think __________ (blame)for this situation, the checkout assistant or the writer?

15.A number of people standing outside asked _________ (allow) to enter the hall. .

Keys:

I. 1. had meant to

2.have done no good

3.grumbled to; about

4.waiting their turn

5.as planned

6.Having a guilty conscience

7.In the case of 8. to make contact with 9. suffer 10. hesitate

II. 11. teasing, bullying, traveling 12. being questioned

13. smashed 14. is to blame 15. to be allowed

Section C: Translation.

1. 你有没有为拒绝了那个工作而后悔过?(regret)

2. 他们公司在经济危机中遭受了巨大的损失。(suffer)

3. 他觉得自己很难处理这个复杂的问题。

4. 他昨天在街上偶尔见到汤姆。( accidentally)

5. 她在大雾中把新汽车给撞毁了。( smash)

6. 一个人未被证明有罪前,被视为是清白的。(guilty)

7.那就是为什么她老是向我抱怨午餐质量太差的原因。(why,grumble)

8.志愿者们轮流替老人撑伞直到天气放晴。(volunteer,take turns,turn out)

Keys:

1. Have you ever regretted refusing to take that job?

2. Their company suffered huge losses in the economic crisis.

3. He thinks such a complex problem is too difficult for him to handle.

4. Yesterday he met Tom accidentally in the street.

5. She smashed (up) her new car in the fog.

6. A man proves innocent until he is proven guilty.

7.That was (the reason) why she always grumbled at me about the poor lunch.

8. The volunteers took turns to hold the umbrella for the old man until it turned out (to be) fine.

Step5: 能力训练

I. Cloze.

Advice letters are valuable tools

Why do we say "that advice letters are valuable tools? Because the written word has a motivational 16 that casual comments or even serious verbal(口头的) 17 do not have. They allow you to offer your readers help if assistance is

18 and truly available. Since a steady flow of good suggestions is 19 to the health of an organization* this letter can express appreciation and 20 more open, constructive communication. Letters of advice can, 21 written carefully and 22 , build goodwill and trust. They can be used to motivate the readers to 23 a goal or complete an objective, 24 a harmful habit, try something new, strive for even 25 accomplishments or success, and so forth.

16.A. way B. power C. communication D. impression

17.A. suggestions B. discussions C. comments D. praises

18.A. important B. appropriate C. necessary D. wonderful

19.A. vital B. used C. nothing D. asked

20.A. persuade B. describe C. explain D. encourage

21.A. until B. unless C. when D. because

22.A. interestingly B. neatly C. wisely D. colourfully

23.A. follow B. make C. achieve D. create

24.A. give up B. give away C. give out D. give in

25.A. big B. harder C. great D. greater

II. Reading Comprehension.

A

When American students graduate from college, they must find jobs for themselves. But often they get help from their college and university. Every college has a career counseling(职业咨询) office. The people who work there help students learn about different kinds of jobs and the chances for employment. Students can discuss their first year of college. Some use the information a counselor(咨询师) gives them when deciding what subjects to study.

For example, a girl student wants to be an engineer, but she does not know what kind. The counselor can tell the girl that, when she graduates in four years, there will be more jobs for structural(建筑的) engineers than for chemical engineers. Therefore, the student may study structural engineering.

The career counseling office also communicates with local and national companies. Company officials often visit the university to talk to students who want to work for them. The career counseling offices arrange these meetings for the company and the students. They also have classes for students. They teach the students how to find a job such as what to say to company officials and how to write letters telling about themselves.

Experts say that American students who are employed when they finish college usually find jobs in their own field of study. Those who must search for months after graduation usually take lower paid jobs, and their jobs are not connected to what they studied in college.

26.According to the passage, a career counselor ________ .

A.helps students pass the examinations successfully

B.helps students find well-paid jobs

C.provides students with information about various opportunities

D.helps students find full-time jobs

27.A career counseling office does all the following EXCEPT _________ .

A.providing jobs for college graduates

https://www.doczj.com/doc/f516917146.html,municating with local and national companies

C.arranging meetings between company officials and students who want to work for them

D.teaching students special skills

28.Those who spend months hunting jobs after graduation usually ________ .

A. can find well-paid jobs

B. have to take part-time jobs

C. can find lower paid jobs in their own field of study

D. can't find jobs in their own field of study

29.What's the best title for this passage?

A. American University Graduates

B. Finding Jobs after Graduation

C. Well-paid Jobs for University Graduates

D. Future Jobs

Keys:

I. 16. B 17. A 18. B 19. A 20. D 21. C 22. C 23. C 24. A 25. D

II. 26.C 27. A 28. D 29. B

Step6: To have a summary

Step 7: Homework

1.记忆本单元重要词汇和句型

2.完成阅读训练

A

During the 19th century scientists found that when certain parts of the brain of a man were injured, he would lose the power to do certain things. And so, people thought that each part of the brain does a different job. But modern research has found out that this is not so, for it is not very easy to say exactly what part of the brain does.

In the past fifty years there has been a great increase in the amount of research done on the brain. Chemists and biologists have discovered that the way the brain works is not so simple. Chemists tell us that 100,000 chemical changes take place in the brain every second, some recent researches also suggest that we can remember everything that happens to us. We may not be able to recall the things we've heard and seen, but it is all kept there in the storehouse of the human mind.

Earlier scientists thought that the power of one's brain got weaker and weaker as one grew older. But it is now thought that is not true. As long as the brain is given plenty of exercise, it keeps its power. It has been proved that an old person who has always been active in the mind has a quicker mind than a young person who has only done physical work without using much of his brain. It is now thought that the more work we give our brains, the more work they are able to do.

1. scientists thought that the damage of a part of the brain would cause the loss of power to do certain things.

A. 1900 years ago

B. Hundreds of years ago

C. In the 1900's

D. Fifty years ago

2.Now scientists________ show exactly what each part of the brain does.

A. are able to

B. find it easy to

C. can hardly

D. are sure to

3.Everything that one sees and hears can be _______ .

A. remembered and recalled

B. kept in his mind all the time

C. forgotten easily

D. kept in the mind only for a time

4.Which of the following statements is not true?

A.A young person is sure to have a quicker mind than an old man.

B.If one keeps his mind working, the power of his brain will remain active all his life.

C.The more work a person gives his brain, the quicker his brain acts.

D.The brain can be active all one's life if it is given plenty of exercise.

5.The main point of the passage is_________ .

A. different parts of the brain

B. the power of the brain

C. the research done on the brain

D. the heavy work of the brain

B

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