动词被动语态
易错清单
1. 主动结构表被动
(1)open,lock,write,read,sell,wash,cut,burn,drive等词作不及物动词时,它们的主语为物,可以用主动语态表被动意义。如:
Mo Yan's novels sell well. 莫言的小说很好卖(销路好)。
(2)表示感觉的连系动词如feel,look,smell,sound,taste等后跟表语时,总是用其主动结构表达被动意义,它们不能用于被动语态。如:
The table feels smooth.
这张桌子摸起来很光滑。
(3)在be worth doing中,doing表被动意义。
The book is well worth reading.
这本书很值得一读。
(4)want/need/require+doing相当于want/need/ require +to be done。如:
The library needs cleaning.
=The library needs to be cleaned. 图书馆需要打扫了。
2. 不用被动语态的情况
(1)当谓语是表示状态或特征的及物动词时,不用被动语态。这样的及物动词有have,become,cost,reach,sell,arrive,fit,hold,own,suit等。如:
We have a good teacher.
我们有一位好老师。
The classroom holds 80 students.
这间教室容纳80个学生。
(2)及物动词的宾语为反身代词、相互代词、非谓语动词、同源宾语时,都没有被动语态。如:
The boy taught himself English. 这男孩自学英语。
We help each other. 我们互相帮助。
(3)当主动句的宾语是不定式时,很少用于被动语态。如:
She likes to swim. 她喜欢游泳。
3. 被动语态与系表结构的区别
动词“be+过去分词”这一结构既可以是被动语态,也可以是系表结构。这两种结构主要的区别是:被动语态强调动作,系表结构强调状态。我们还可以通过以下方法来判断:
(1)从形式上来看,被动语态往往接by施动者,而系表结构往往有固定的搭配,如be separated from,be covered with,be interested in,be surprised at,be satisfied with 等。如:
We were surprised at the unexpected news.
听到这个意外消息,我们感到惊讶。(系表结构)
注意:句中有“by+人”时,多用被动语态;而“by+物”时,多属系表结构。如:
The house was surrounded by the police.
这房子被警察包围了。(被动语态)
The house was surrounded by trees.
这房子四周都是树。(系表结构,表示静止的状态)
(2)从时态上来看,被动语态的be时态要与动作发生的时间一致;而系表结构的be只有一般时或完成时,表示目前或过去的性质或状态。如:
This window was broken by Kate yesterday.
这窗户是凯特昨天打破的。(被动语态)
This glass is broken. 这块玻璃是破的。(系表结构,指目前的状态)
(3)从句中的状语来看,过去分词前有well,very,quite等副词修饰的是系表结构;若句中有时间、方式或目的状语时,一般为被动语态。如:
The play is well written.
这剧本写得很好。(系表结构)
The play was written with great care. 这剧本是非常用心地写出来的。(被动语态,有方式状语)
(4)被动语态中的过去分词必须是及物动词,而系表结构中的过去分词可以是gone,fallen,risen等不及物动词。如:
My pen is gone. 我的钢笔不见了。(系表结构)
The sun is risen. 太阳升起来了。(系表结构)
提分策略
1. 判断主语是动作的执行者还是承受者
在解答被动语态题时首先要判断主语和动作的关系,如果主语是动作的执行者,则该句为主动句;如果主语是动作的承受者,则该句为被动句。依据句子意思做出正确选择。
【例1】(2014·浙江宁波·30) I heard that Line 1 of Ningbo Subway last month.
A. was tested
B. is tested
C. tests
D. tested
【解析】考查被动语态的用法。由句意“我听说上个月宁波一号铁路线被检测了”判断,句子的主语是动作的承受着,应用被动语态,last month是一般过去的时间状语,因此谓语动词应用一般过去时。故选A。
【答案】 A
【例2】(2013·湖北孝感·38)Many trees on the streets every year. So the air is very fresh now.
A. plant
B. are planted
C. planted
D. were planted
【解析】考查被动语态的用法。根据“every year”得知用一般现在时态。主语是many trees,故用一般现在时态的被动语态,因此选B。
【答案】 B
【例3】(2013·湖南益阳·30)The sports meeting next month.
A. will hold
B. is going to hold
C. will be held
【解析】考查被动语态的用法。主语the sports meeting不能执行谓语动词hold,是hold的承受者,需用被动语态。next month说明句子用一般将来时态,其被动结构为:will be held。故选C。
【答案】 C
2. 正确判断时态
被动语态离不开时态。考生要牢记各种时态,掌握被动句的构成,不能混淆。依据句子中的时间状语或上下文暗示,分析判断句子时态。
【例1】(2014·江苏南京·13)We're sure that the environment in our city
greatly through our work in the near future.
A. improved
B. was improved
C. has improved
D. will be improved
【解析】考查动词时态和语态的用法。句意:我们相信我们城市的环境在不久的将来通过我们的工作将被大大改善。”由句中的in the near future判断,该句要用一般将来时的被动语态形式,所以选D。
【答案】 D
【例2】(2013·江西·35)The Chinese writer has got lots of fans in France. His new book into French as soon as it came out.
A. was translated
B. translated
C. is translated
D. translates
【解析】考查被动语态根据题干his new book 和translate 的关系,应该选择被动语态,又根据时间状语从句as soon as it came out 是一般过去时态,可知“被翻译”也是一般过去时态。故选A。
【答案】 A
【例3】(2013·浙江宁波·35)—Have you finished your project?
—Not yet. I'll finish it if I ten more minutes.
A. give
B. am given
C. will give
D. will be given
【解析】考查动词的被动语态。句意:如果再给我十分钟我会完成它。主语与动词give 之间是被动关系,在条件状语从句中用一般现在时表将来。故选B。
【答案】 B.
专项训练
1. ( 2014·深圳·18)—It's reported that some capsules(胶囊)are really bad our health.
—Sounds terrible. Hopefully the problem as soon as possible
A. to;is solved
B. for;has solved
C. to;was solved
D. for;will be solved
2. ( 2014·广东模拟·43)Lots of trees and flowers on both sides of the road
last year. Oh, beautiful they are!
A. have been planted;what
B. were planted;what
C. were planted;how
D. have been planted;what
3. ( 2014·浙江模拟二·21)—Can you play the piece of music for us,Cathy? —Of course. It many times.
A. teaches
B. is taught
C. has been taught
D. taught
4. (2013·陕西)The sick boy to hospital by the police yesterday.
A. is taken
B. was taken
C. takes
D. took
5. (2013·河北)Driving after drinking wine in China.
A. allows
B. doesn't allow
C. is allowed
D. isn't allowed
6. (2013·重庆)I to take part in the English speech contest last week.
A. ask
B. asked
C. am asked
D. was asked
7. (2013·湖南岳阳)—May I use your cup,Tom?
—Sorry,it by my sister just now.
A. was broken
B. is broken
C. broke
8. (2013·江苏南京)I'm glad to find that many trees in our city last year.
A. plant
B. planted
C. were planted
D. are planted
9. (2013·安徽)—Do you have any problems if you this job?
—Well,I'm thinking about the working day.
A. offer
B. will offer
C. are offered
D. will be offered
参考答案与解析
1. D 解析:考查一般将来时态被动语态的用法。故选D。“be bad for... (对……有害)”是固定搭配,所以排除A、C两项。因为应答句后面一句的主语是动作的承受者,谓语动词要用被动语态。由“as soon as possible(尽快)”判断,应该用一般将来时态。故选D。
2. C 解析:考查一般过去时态被动语态的用法。句的主语是动作的承受者,谓语动词要用被动语态。由“last year(去年)”判断,要用一般过去时态;又因为后面一句是感叹句,形容词“beautiful”之前应该用how来引导。故选C。
3. C 解析:考查现在完成时态被动语态的用法。应答句的主语是动作的承受者,谓语动词应该用被动语态,所以排除A、D两项。由“many times”判断,动作已经完成。故选C。
4. B 解析:考查被动语态。主语为the sick boy,和动词take之间为动宾关系,故要用被动语态。再由yesterday可知要用一般去过时的被动语态,故选B。
5. D 解析:考查被动语态。句意为“酒后驾车在中国是不被允许的。”可知为否定的被动语态,故选D。
6. D 解析:考查被动语态。句意:上周,我被邀请参加英语演讲比赛。根据句意,应用被动语态;又因有时间状语last week,应用过去时,故答案选D。
7. A 解析:被动语态的用法。根据句意可知是被动语态,又时间状语为just now,故答案为A。
8. C 解析:考查被动语态的用法。由last year可推断用一般过去时。trees和plant为被动关系,因此,为一般过去时的被动语态。句意:我很高兴地发现,我们的城市去年种了许多树。故选C。
9. C 解析:考查if引导的条件状语从句及被动语态。if引导的条件状语从句应该用一般现在时表示将来;根据句意,此处应该用被动语态。故选C。
（英语）英语动词被动语态练习题及答案 一、动词被动语态 1． ________of the relaxing time for Chinese people every day ________in watching TV. A. Two thirds; are spent B. Two thirds; is spent C. Two third; are spent D. Two third; is spent 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意为：中国人每天有2/3的休闲时间花在看电视上。英语中分数的表达为：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于1时，序数词应加s。由于本句主语是“time（时间）”，是动作的承受者，应用被动语态，故选B。 【点评】考查序数词及被动语态。 2．The students of Class One_________ how to do the experiment in class yesterday． A. taught B. was taught C. were taught 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意是：在昨天的课堂上学生们被教了怎样做实验。根据句意可知用被动语态，主语students 是名词复数形式，be 动词用 were，故选C。 【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态的用法。 3．—Why did you leave that position? —I ______a better position in another factory. A. offer B. offered C. am offered D. was offered 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：——你为什么离开那个职位？——另一家工厂给我提供了更好的工作。根据助动词did，可知是一般过去时描述过去，offer和主语I是被动关系，故是一般过去时的被动语态，故选D。 【点评】考查时态和语态，注意一般过去时的被动语态的用法。 4．In Chinese culture, children born in the Year of the Monkey ______ to be smart. A. say B. said C. will be said D. are said 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：在中国文化中，据说猴年出生的孩子很聪明。分析句子结构，主语children与say是被动关系，叙述客观事实，可知用一般现在时的被动语态，由be （am，is are）+过去分词构成，根据主语children，可知系动词用are，因此用are said，故选D。 【点评】此题考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据主语和谓语之间的主动和被动关系确定句子的语态。 5．Hangzhou ________ as the City of Silk. Tourists like shopping for silk there.
常见不用被动态形式的短语动词 1. agree with 相符, 适合 Our action must agree with our words. 我们必须言行一致. Rich food doesn’t agree with me. 他不易吃油腻的食物. 2. belong to 属于 The future belongs to the younger generation. 未来属于年轻人. As a writer, he really belongs to the 18th century. 3. break out 爆发,突然开始 The Iraqi War broke out in March 2003. 伊拉克战争爆发于2003年2月. A quarrel broke out between them. 4. come about 发生, 产生, 实现 It came about in this way. 他是这样发生的. How much has come about from the consultation? 5. come across 偶然遇到, 留下印象 I came across him first in Beijing. 我是在北京第一次遇见他的. 6. come into being 形成, 产生 About 200 companies come into being every year. 每年大约有200家公司成立. New ways of thinking have come into being. 新的思想方法形成了. 7. come out 出版, 出来 The book will come out in September. 该书将于9月份出版. My tooth has just come out. 我的牙齿刚长出来. 8. come true 实现 His dream has come true. 他的愿望实现了. 9. come up 被提出, 发芽 The question came up at the meeting. 会议上提到了那个问题. The seeds haven’t come up yet. 种子还没有发芽. 10. consist of 由…组成 Man consists of soul and body. 人由灵魂和肉体组成. 11. date from 始于 The idea of floating continents dates from 1910. 大陆漂游学说始于1910年. This custom dates from the 16th century. 该风俗始于16世纪. 12. do with 忍受 We can’t do with such carelessness.我们不能忍受这种粗枝大叶的作风. 13. give out 用完, 耗尽 He plans to stay there until his money gives out. 他计划在那里呆到钱花完为止. 14. go against 不利, 相反 The situation is going against them. 情势越来越对他们不利. Events went against them.情况发展与他们的意愿相反. 15. go down 被接受, 被记录在案 The idea went down badly. 这个想法不受欢迎. That remark will go down in history. 那番评论将载入史册. 16. go down 发生, 消失 That sort of thing goes on all the time. 那类事一直都在发生.
动词被动语态经典例题经典 一、动词被动语态 1．—Oh, your room is too dirty, Mike! —Sorry, Mum. It yesterday. I forgot to do it. A. didn't clean B. isn't cleaned C. was cleaned D. wasn't cleaned 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：——哦，你的房间是太脏了，Mike！——对不起，妈妈。昨天房间没有打扫，我忘记了。it代指room，是动作clean的承受者，所以用被动语态，时态是一般过去时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，结构是was/were+动词过去分词，主语是it，所以用was，clean的过去分词是cleaned，根据 I forgot to do it.可知没有打扫房间，所以用wasn't，故选D。 【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态，注意平时识记，理解句意。 2．To make our city more beautiful, rubbish _________ into the river. A. needn't be thrown B. can't thrown C. mustn't be thrown D. may not thrown 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】为了使我们的城市更美丽，禁止往河里扔垃圾。根据语境，本句的主语是动作的承受者，应用被动语态。另外，表示禁止、不允许应用mustn’t。故选C。 3． ________of the relaxing time for Chinese people every day ________in watching TV. A. Two thirds; are spent B. Two thirds; is spent C. Two third; are spent D. Two third; is spent 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意为：中国人每天有2/3的休闲时间花在看电视上。英语中分数的表达为：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于1时，序数词应加s。由于本句主语是“time（时间）”，是动作的承受者，应用被动语态，故选B。 【点评】考查序数词及被动语态。 4．Teenagers should ________ to take care of themselves from a young age. A. educate B. be educating C. have educated D. be educated 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意:我们应该从小时候就开始教育年轻人照顾自己。结合语境可知本句主语是动作对象，故用被动语态。选D。 5．A lot of trees around here every year and we can enjoy fresher air now.
【英语】英语动词被动语态练习题含答案及解析 一、动词被动语态 1．The telephone ________ in 1876. A. invents B. invented C. is invented D. was invented 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意:电话是在1876年被发明的。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。被动语态由助动词be+及物动词的过去分词构成。一般过去式的被动语态构成was/were done该句的主语和谓语之间是动宾关系，动作发生在过去，所以用被动语态的一般过去时态，故选D。 2．----Don't smoke here, Dad. Smoking _____ in public places. ----Oh, sorry. I'll stop right now. A. isn't allowed B. aren't allowed C. doesn't allow 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意:----不要在这儿吸烟，爸爸。在公共场所不允许吸烟。----哦，对不起，我马上停止。“不允许吸烟”，吸烟smoking在句中作主语，用被动语态。动名词短语smoking作主语，谓语用三人称单数.故选A 3．Some people think trees____ on Tree Planting Day only. A. should plant B. should be planted C. should be plant D. should be planting 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：一些人们认为种树应该只在植树节。其中trees和plant是被动关系，且句中有情态动词should，则此处应用含情态动词的被动语态should be done，故选B。 【点评】此题考查被动语态。注意含有情态动词的被动语态的结构。 4．Smart phones ______ by Huawei are getting more and more popular around the world. A. made B. making C. to make 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：由华为制造的智能手机在全世界正在变得越来越受欢迎。根据句意可知 ______ by Huawei做前面phones的定语，并且表示被动，所以用动词过去分词做名词定语，即made，故选A。 【点评】考查动词过去分词做名词定语，注意平时识记，理解句意。
中考英语专题练习-含情态动词的被动语态（含解析） 一、单选题 1.-- When should I hand in my paper? -- Your paper must as soon as the bell . A. hand in; rings B. hand in; will ring C. be handed in; rings 2.Which things ______ by common people to protect the environment? A. can be B. can do C. can be done D. can be do 3.Children to watch thrillers. They may have a bad influence on children. A. shouldn't allow B. should allow C. shouldn't be allowed D. should be allowed 4.Your bedroom is so dirty, It should every day. A. clean B. is cleaned C. cleans D. be cleaned 5.Waste paper everywhere. It's our duty to keep the school clean. A. throws B. are thrown C. shouldn't be thrown 6.—It's difficult for village children to cross the river to school. —I think a bridge _________ over the river. A. should be built B. will build C. is built D. was built 7.Don't put off today's work for tomorrow. I mean, today's work______ today. A. may do B. must do C. may be done D. must be done 8.People who drink wine ____________ to drive after May Day. A. don't allow B. isn't allowed C. mustn't allow D. mustn't be allowed 9.It's difficult for the village children to cross the river to get to school. We think a bridge________ over the river A. was built B. should be built C. has been built D. is being built 10.Things should ________ here before you enter the library. A. keeps B. are kept C. be kept D. keep 11.The robot needs _______ once a month. And we will check it for you for free. A. to check B. checked C. checking D. to checking 12.The young mothers are told little kids can't ___________ alone at home. A. leave B. to leave C. left D. be left 13.The television ________. It doesn't work now. A. must be repaired B. was repairing C. must repair D. has repaired 14.Don't put off today's work till tomorrow. I mean, today's work today. A. must be done B. must do C. may be done 15.—Can I my hair colored, Mom? —No. As a student, you ________ do that. A. let; are allowed to B. got; should be allowed to C. get;may not D. get; shouldn't be allowed to
初中英语语法专项练习——被动语态和短语动词 1. Many cities became ________in the following months. A. liberation B. liberating C. liberate D. liberated 2. The book ________. We all like it very much. A. was well written B. well written write C. is well written D. well wrote 3. He ________to going to bed early. A. has got used B. has used C. has been using D. has using 4. A quarrel ________between Xiao Hong and Xiao Fang last night. A was broken out B. broken out C. broke out. D. is broken out 5. This kind of cloth ________very well. A. washes B. is washed C. washed D. is being washed 6. It ________that the meat cooks well. A. seems B. is seemed C. was seemed D. seemed 7. She is a very nice person ________. A. to be worked with B. to be working with C. to work with D. working with 8. The boy ________stealing a pocket-radio from the shop. A. caught B. was caught C. caught in D. was catching in 9. Brooke is so lazy that he ________very soon.
动词被动语态知识点梳理及经典练习(超详细) 一、动词被动语态 1．—Who's the little girl in the photo, Laura? —It's me. This photo _______ when I was five. A. is taken B. takes C. was taken D. took 【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意：——劳拉，照片上的小女孩是谁？——是我。这是我五岁的时候的照片。根据was知道用过去时，排除A和B，主语是照片，属于动作的承受者，用被动语态was/were+过去分词，故选C。 【点评】考查一般过去时态中的被动语态，注意其用法和构成。 2．It's not your turn yet.Please wait on the chair over there until you _______. A. are calling B. have called C. are called 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：现在还没有轮到你．请等在那边的椅子上，直到有人叫你。结合语境可知，主语you是动作call的承受者，因此这里用一般现在时态的被动语态，结构式is/are/am+动词的过去分词．主语是you，用be动词are．call的过去分词是called．答案是C 【点评】考查一般现在时的被动语态。 3．Over $30,000 ______ for a children's hospital by a British girl several months ago. A. is raised B. was raised C. will be raised D. has been raised 【答案】B 【解析】【分析】句意:几个月以前，一个英国女孩为一所儿童医院筹集了三万多美元。ago 多久以前，过去的时间，根据several months ago可知用一般过去时态;主语和谓语动词之间是动宾关系，所以用被动语态。所以选择一般过去时态的被动结构，故选B。 4．The two girls _____ how to dance one month ago and now they can dance well.
（英语）英语动词被动语态试题经典及解析 一、动词被动语态 1．John can't go to the party on Thursday because he to go out on school nights. A. allowed B. is allowed C. isn't allowed 【答案】C 【解析】【分析】be+动词的过去分词构成被动语态，其否定形式为be+not+动词过去分词，句意：John不能参加周四的聚会，因为他在工作日的晚上不被允许外出。故选C。【点评】考查被动语态的用法。 2．—It's reported that 31 of the brave young men ________ in a big forest fire in Sichuan. —I don't know who they are, but I know who they are for. A. were killing B. were killed C. killed D. had killed 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：——据报道，31名勇敢的年轻人在四川的一场森林大火中丧生。——我不知道他们是谁，但我知道他们是为了谁。根据 It's reported 据报道，可知动作为过去发生；再根据主语men和动词kill之间的动宾关系可知，本句应用一般过去时的被动语态were+过去分词，kill的过去分词为killed。故选A。 【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态。注意掌握一般过去时的被动语态were/was+过去分词，表“过去被……”。 3．This book ________________ by children. A. loves B. loved C. is loved 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：这本书深受孩子们的喜爱。主语this book和动词love是被动关系，可知此句是一般现在时的被动语态，其构成为am/ is/ are done，主语是the book，用is，故选C。 【点评】此题考查一般现在时的被动语态。注意一般现在时被动语态的结构。 4．Look at the picture. The top five TV plays ________ in it. A. list B. are listed C. will list D. will be listed 【答案】B 【解析】【分析】句意：看这张图片，最好的五个电视剧在上面列出了。The top five TV plays应该是被列出来的，用被动语态被+过去分词；由“Look at the picture”得知是一般现在时，因此为一般现在时的被动语态，故答案选B。 【点评】考查动词的时态和语态。注意主语与谓语动词之间的关系。 5．Last year, five Chinese teachers to a school in the UK to teach the British students in Chinese style for four weeks.
情态动词练习(小测) 1.Buses and cars ______ stop when the traffic lights are right. A. can B. must C. may D. need 2. –Excuse me, Can you tell me the way to the railway station? Oh, sorry, but I don’t know.You ____ go and ask that policeman. A.may B. must C.would D. should 3. –Children all like this book. -I think it ______ very interesting. A. need be B. must be C. may be D. can be 4. To make our hometown (家乡) more beautiful , you _____ throw rubbish into the river. A. needn’t B.mustn’t C. must D. may 5. She ______ know the answer .I’m am not sure. A. maybe B.may be C.may D. must 6. –Must I go with tomorrow? –No. you ______ . A. must B. shouldn’t C.needn’t D.can’t 7.-_______ I have your name ,please? –Yes,Michael. M-I-C-H-A-E-L. A.Must B. Will C.May D. Need 8. Since(因为) the road is wet this morning,_______ last night. A. it must rain B. it must have rained C.it must be rained D.it must have been rained 9.Work _______ come first.. A. can B.may C.should D. must 10. He _____ come here tomorrow. A. don’t need B.doesn’t need to C.needn’t to D.needs not 11.In our school ,classrooms ______ cleaned every Sunday. A. will do B. shall do C.must be D.can be 12.-Please don’t use my computer.-Sorry, I _______ do it again. A. can’t B. must not C. won’t D. should 13. –Sir, you _____ sit here. It’s for women or children only. A. don’t B. can’t C. won’t D. needn’t 14.My boy, you _____ talk to your father like that. A.won’t B. don’t C. shouldn’t D.has to 15. -_______Ｉwatch TV now, Mum? -No, you _______ finish your homework first. A. Must, needn’t B. Can ,may C. May, must D. May,mustn’t 16. –You must be here at 5:30 tomorrow. –Sorry ,I _____be here so early. A.won’t B. don’t C. shouldn’t D.has to 17. Last Summer ,it was very dry. I ________ it every day. A. must water B. have to water C. had to water D. didn’t have to 句型转换 1.He must be a policeman.(否定句) He _______ be a policeman. 2. I’m sure he is sleeping. (同义句) He _______ be sleeping. 3.You don’t have to get up early.(同义句) You __________ get up early. 形容词的比较级和最高级 用所给词的适当形式填空 1.Summer is the ________(hot) of the four seasons. 2.Tommy’s homework is much _______(good) than it was last
动词的被动语态 考点一：被动语态的构成及用法 词的被动语态 英语语态有主动语态和被动语态两种。主语是动作的执行者，叫做主动语态；主语是动作的承受者，叫做被动语态。 例如： We swept the floor. 我们打扫了地板。（主动语态） The floor was swept. 地板被打扫过。（被动语态） 1.被动语态的构成 (1) 被动语态是由“be+及物动词的过去分词”构成的。 be有人称，数和时态的变化，其变化规则与其作为连系动词的be的变化完全一样。 a被动语态的肯定句 Apple trees are planted in the south. 苹果树种在南方。 b被动语态的否定句 The building hasn't been completed. 这座建筑物没有竣工。 c被动语态的一般疑问句 被动语态的一般疑问句的结构是：Be+主语+过去分词（vt）+（by+宾语）Are they made in China? Yes, they are. Was the museum built in 1993? No, it was built in 1986. d 被动语态的特殊疑问句 被动语态的特殊疑问句的结构是：疑问词+be+主语+过去分词（vt）。 What is the machine used for? It is used for making paper. Where were the car made? They were made in China. (2) 被动语态的几种时态形式： a．一般现在时 结构：主语＋ am / is / are + 过去分词 主动句：She cleans her room every day. 被动句：Her room is cleaned (by her) every day. (肯定句） 否定句：Her room isn’t cleaned (by her) every day. 一般疑问句：Is her room cleaned (by her) every day?
英语动词被动语态练习全集 一、动词被动语态 1．Paper first about two thousand years ago in China by Cai Lun. A. is; inventing B. is; invented C. has; invented D. was; invented 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：造纸术是在两千年前被中国的蔡伦发明的。纸和发明是被动关系，应使用被动语态，根据 two thousand years ago ，可知应使用一般过去时，故答案是D。 【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态。注意根据主语与动词之间的关系确定语态，根据时间状语确定时态。 2．He has ordered a watch on line for his father and it _______ to him before Father's Day. A. send B. will be sent C. was sent D. sent 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：他在网上为父亲订了一块表。将在父亲节前寄给他。It指代的是“表”，作主语，与谓语动词send是逻辑上的动宾关系，it是其承受者，用被动语态；从时态上看，表将在父亲节前寄给他，用一般将来时态，故选B。 3．Over $30,000 ______ for a children's hospital by a British girl several months ago. A. is raised B. was raised C. will be raised D. has been raised 【答案】B 【解析】【分析】句意:几个月以前，一个英国女孩为一所儿童医院筹集了三万多美元。ago 多久以前，过去的时间，根据several months ago可知用一般过去时态;主语和谓语动词之间是动宾关系，所以用被动语态。所以选择一般过去时态的被动结构，故选B。 4．Around the world, 300 million tons of plastic _________each year, of which about 10 percent ends up in the sea. A. is created B. was created C. creates 【答案】 A
情态动词的被动语态 教学设计 一、教学目标 1. 了解情态动词的被动语态结构 2. 掌握情态动词的被动语态的变换方法 二、教学准备 多媒体，微课软件，纸和笔 三、教学步骤 1.通过例句学习变换方法 Ann can take good care of the cats ． The cats can be taken good care of by Ann. 2. 总结结构： S+ can/must/should等情态动词+ be+过去分词 3.练习题 ① You must clean your bedroom every day. ② Parents should encourage teenagers to do social work. ③ Can Lucy do her homework tomorrow instead? 4.更多练习
I. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.How many magazines ____(can borrow) in your library every week? 2.In many countries, teenagers under 18 ____(should not allow) to go into Internet bars. 3.Some people think trees ____(should plant) on Tree planting Day only. 4.The flowers ____(must water) every day. 5.A dictionary ____(can use) in the exam. II.同义句转换，每空一词。 1.Students should clean their classroom every day. Their classroom ____ _____ ____ every day. 2.Can you mend this radio? ____ this radio ____ ____? 3.We should not allow fifteen-year-olds to work at night. Fifteen-year-olds ____ ____ ____ to work at night.
模块八动词的被动语态 (1)被动语态定义：被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式,用来说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。 如果主语是动作的执行者(即某人做某事),便叫主动语态； 如果主语是动作的承受者(即某事被做),便叫被动语态。 主动与被动的区别不是词序的区别,而是主语与谓语意义上的区别。 在英语中只有及物动词和一些相当于及物动词的词组才有被动语态的形式。 (2)英语中被动语态由“助动词be +动词的过去分词”构成。助动 词be有时态、人称和数的变化。被动语态后的by短语有时可 (1) 被动语态的用法： ①不知道谁是动作的执行者(即不知道谁做)时用被动语态,省 略by短语。 如：A man was killed in the accident.(一个人死于事故) This window was broken yesterday.(这扇窗子是昨天被打破的) ②不说或者众所周知是谁做时,用被动语态,省略by短语。 如：Rice is also grown in this place.(这个地方也种水稻) A railroad will be built here in three years.(三年之后这里
将要修建一条铁路) ③强调动作的承受者,句尾加by短语。 如：It was written by Lu Xun.(它(书)是鲁迅写的) A pet dog is never killed by its owner.(宠物狗是不会被主 人宰杀的) (2) 主动语态如何改写为被动语态： + 受者) + (动作的承受者) (be +过去分词) (动作的执行者) (3) 注意点： ①“动词+间接宾语+直接宾语”改为被动时,可以用间接宾语做被动句的主语。如： His teacher gave him a dictionary. →He was given a dictionary by his teacher.(老师给他一本字典 →他得到老师一本字典) 也可以用直接宾语做被动句的主语,但是需用to或者for引出 原句的间接宾语。 如：His teacher gave him a dictionary. →A dictionary was given to．． him by his teacher.(老师给他一本 字典→一本字典由老师送给了他) /His father made him a kite. →A kite was made for ．．．him by his father.(他的父亲给他做了一个风筝→一个风筝由他的父亲做给了他) ②“动词+宾语+动词原形”改为被动时,动词原形前要加to. 如：The boss made the poor man work 12 hours a day. →The poor man was made to．． work 12 hours a day.(老板让这个可怜的人一天工作12小时→这个可怜人被迫一天工作12小时)
【英语】动词被动语态知识点总结 一、动词被动语态 1．The weatherman says a rain shower ______ this afternoon in the south. A. expects B. expected C. is expected D. was expected 【答案】C 【解析】【分析】气象员说今天下午预计南方将出现阵雨。本题考查动词的语态和时态。从句中因为"a rain shower"做主语,可知应用被动语态,又因为"阵雨被预料”这件事发生在现在,所以用一般现在时。故答案为C。 【点评】此题考查一般现在时的被动语态。要熟记各个时态被动语态的构成。 2．—Do you know when and where the 24 Winter Olympic Games___________? —In Beijing and Zhangjiakou, in 2022. A. is held B. will be held C. will hold 【答案】B 【解析】【分析】句意：—你知道24届冬奥会什么时候在哪里举行吗？—2022年在北京和张家口。根据in 2022.可知是一般将来时态。冬奥会被举办，the 24 Winter Olympic Games和hold之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，will be+过去分词，故选B。 【点评】考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据语境中时间状语以及动词和主语的关系确定时态和语态。 3．Let's wait and see whether books by the Internet in the future. A. replace B. replaced C. will be replaced D. were replaced 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：让我们等着看是否将来书会被网络替代。whether引导的宾语从句根据时间确定时态，结合in the future可知表达的是将来的事情，主语books是动词replace的承受者，故用一般将来时的被动语态will+be+过去分词，故选C 【点评】考查一般将来时的被动语态。 4．The city is a greener city now because many trees ______ every year. A. were planted B. are planted C. will be planted D. was planted 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：因为每年栽许多树，城市更加绿了。A. were planted一般过去时态的被动语态；B. are planted一般现在时态的被动语态；C. will be planted一般将来时态的被动语态；D. was planted一般过去时态的被动语态。由every year可知句子描述的是每年都发生的动作，表示经常性、习惯性的动作，用一般现在时态。句子主语trees是复数，谓语用复数。故选B. 【点评】本题考查动词的语态，一般现在时的被动语态就用be+及物动词的过去分词。
一、基本含义 含有情态动词的被动语态用来说明某人或某物被动性动作所反映出的感情和态度。 二、基本结构 含有情态动词的被动语态的基本结构为：情态动词 + be + 及物动词的过去分词。例如： The computer must be repaired now. 这台电脑必须立刻修理。Many trees should be planted on the mountains. 应该在山上种植许多树。 三、转变方法 1. 将主动句的宾语变成被动句的主语； 2. 把“情态动词 + 动词原形”变成“情态动词 + be + 及物动词的过去分词”。例如： You should finish your homework at once. →Your homework should be finished (by you) at once. You can take this book home. →This book can be taken home (by you). 四、句式变换 含有情态动词的被动语态的疑问句、否定句的变化均需借助于情态动词来完成。 1. 一般疑问句。直接将被动语态的陈述句中的情态动词提到句首。例如： This work must be done right now. →Must this work be done right now? His homework should be finished before six. →Should his homework be finished before six? 2. 特殊疑问句。由疑问词加上含有情态动词的被动语态的一般疑问句构成。例如： Where can the book be found? 这本书在什么地方能被找到呢？