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中考英语-简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题知识分享

中考英语-简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题知识分享
中考英语-简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题知识分享

中考英语-简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练

习题

简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题

一、句子成份

英语句子成分有主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,表语,定语,状语等。

顺序一般是主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,而表语,定语,状语的位置要根据情况而定。

1、主语:表示句子主要说明的人或事物,一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如:

Country music has become more and more popular.(名词)

We often speak English in class.(代词)

One-third of the students in this class are girls.(数词)

To swim in the river is a great pleasure.(不定式)

Smoking does harm to the health.(动名词)

The rich should help the poor.(名词化的形容词)

When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.(主语从句)

It is necessary to master a foreign language.(it作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的不定式)

2、谓语:谓语说明主语的动作,状态或特征。可以有不同的时态,语态和语气。

1)简单谓语: We study for the people.

2)复合谓语: I can speak a little English. We are reading books. He has gone

to Beijing..

3、表语: 它位于系动词(比如be)之后,说明主语身份,特征,属性或状态。

My sister is a nurse.

Is it yours?(代词)

The weather has turned cold.(形容词)

The speech is exciting.(分词)

Three times seven is twenty one?(数词)

His job is to teach English.(不定式)

His hobby(爱好)is playing football.(动名词)

The ruler must be in your box.(介词短语)

Time is up. The class is over.(副词)

The truth is that he has never been abroad.(表语从句)

4、宾语: 宾语表示动作行为的对象,跟在及物动词之后,We like English.

How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.(数词)

They helped the old with their housework yesterday.(名词化形容词)

It began to rain.(不定式短语)

I enjoy listening to popular music.(动名词短语)

I think(that)he is fit for his office.(宾语从句)

有些及物动词可以带两个宾语,往往一个指人,一个指物,指人的叫间接宾语,指物的叫直接宾语。

He gave me some ink.

有些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语,意思才完整,宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。如:

We make him our monito r(班长).

5、宾补: 就是宾语补足语,就是补充说明宾语的 I see you crossing the street

His father named him Dongming.(名词)

They painted(涂漆) their boat white.(形容词)

Let the fresh(新鲜的) air in.(副词)

You mustn’t force him to lend his money to you.(不定式短语)

We saw her entering the room.(现在分词)

We found everything in the lab in good order.(介词短语)

6、定语: 在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。 He is a new student.

但副词,动词不定式,介词短语等作定语时,则放在被修饰的词之后。

The bike in the room/over there/ is mine.

Guilin is a beautiful city.(形容词)

China is a developing(发展中) country; America is a developed(发达)country.(分词)

There are thirty women teachers is our school.(名词)

His progress(进步)in English made us surprised.(代词)

Our monitor(班长) is always the first to enter the classroom.(不定式短语)He is reading an article(文章) about how to learn English.(介词短语)

7、状语: 修饰动词,形容词,副词以及全句的句子成分,叫做状语。状语一般放在被修饰的词

之后或放在句尾。副词作状语时可放在被修饰的词前或句首。 He lives in London.

Light travels most quickly.(副词及副词性词组)

He has lived in the city for ten years.(介词短语)

He is sorry to trouble(麻烦) you.(不定式短语)

He is in the room making a model plane.(分词短语)

Once(一旦0 you begin, you must continue.(状语从句)

状语种类如下:

How about meeting again at six?(时间状语)

Last night she didn’t go to the dance party because of the rain.(原因状语)

I shall go there if it doesn’t rain.(条件状语)

Mr Smith lives on the third floor.(地点状语)

She put the eggs into the basket with great care.(方式状语)

She came in with a dictionary in her hand.(伴随状语)

In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder.(目的状语)

He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.(结果状语)

She works very hard though she is old.(让步状语)

I am taller than he is.(比较状语)

一、指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分:

1. The students got on the school bus.

2. He handed me the newspaper.

3. I shall answer your question after class.

4. His job is to train swimmers.

5. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.

6. His wish is to become a scientist.

7. Hewants to finish the work in time.

8. Tom came to ask me for advice(建议).

9. He found it important to master English.

10. Do you have anything else to say?

11. Would you please tell me your address?

12. He sat there, reading a newspaper.

13. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy.

14. He noticed(注意到) a man enter the room.

15. The apples tasted sweet.

简单句的五种基本句型

英语句子看上去纷繁庞杂,但仔细观察不外乎五个基本句式。这五个基本句式可以演变出多种复杂的英语句子。换言之,绝大多数英语句子都是由这五个基本句式生成的。这五个基本句式如下:

S十V主谓结构主语+不及物动词

S十V十P主系表结构主语+连系动词+表语

S十V十O主谓宾结构主语+及物动词+宾语

S十V十O1十O2主谓双宾结构

S十V十O十C主谓宾补结构

判断类型和句子成分:

She came. She likes English. She is happy.

The teacher asked me to read the passage. She bought a book for me.

She gave John a book. My head aches.

She makes her mother angry. The sun was shining. The moon rose.

They talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。

The dinner smells good. 午餐的气味很好。 Everything looks different. 一切看来都不同了。

He is growing tall and strong. 他长得又高又壮。 His face turned red. 他的脸红了。Who knows the answer? 谁知道答案? He enjoys reading. 他喜欢看书。

I want to have a cup of tea. 我想喝杯茶。He bought you a dictionary.

She ordered herself a new dress. 她给自己定了一套新衣裳。

She cooked her husband a delicious meal. 她给丈夫煮了一餐美馔。

I showed him my pictures. I gave my car a wash. 我洗了我的汽车。

He showed me how to run the machine. 他教我开机器。 What makes him think so? 他怎么会这样想?

The children are playing happily. The Greens enjoy living in China.

He became a famous doctor. 他成为了一名著名的医生。

The apple pie tastes really delicious. 苹果派吃起来真是好吃。

基本句型一:S十V主谓结构

这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词:appear, apologize, arrive, come, die, disappear, fall, happen, rise,

1).学生们学习很努力。_____________________________________

基本句型二: S十V十P主系表结构常见的系动词有:be(是); get(变得), become(成为), turn(变得), look(看起来), feel(感到), smell(闻起来), taste(尝起来), sound(听起来), seem(似乎)

A.表示状态的连系动词。这些词有:be, look, seem, appear, smell, taste, sound, keep, remain,等

等。

8) We should __________ __________ any time. 我们在任何时候都应该保持安静。

9)这种食物尝起来很糟糕。_________________________________________________.

B.表示转变或结果的系动词。这些词有:become, get, grow, turn, go, come, prove,等等。如:

10) Spring comes. It is ______________________________.春天到了,天气变得越来越暖和。

11) Don't have the food. _______________________________.不要吃那种食物,它已经变质了。

基本句型三: S十V十O主谓宾结构

13)我昨天看了一部电影。________________________________________________.

16)They have ________ ________ _________ of the children.这些孩子他们照看得很好。

基本句型四: S十V十间接宾语“人”十直接宾语“物”结构间接宾语前需要加to 的常用动

词有: bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, read, sell, send, show, teach, tell wish, write等。

间接宾语前需要加for 的常用动词有: buy, choose, make, order, paint, play(演奏),

sing,等。

18)Yesterday her father _______________ ________ _____ ____________ as a

birthday present. 昨天她父亲给她买了一辆自行车作为生日礼物。

19) The old man ___ ________ ____ __________ _________ in the Long March.(正在给孩子们讲故事)

这种句型还可转换为:动词+直接宾语+for/ to sb.

20) Please show me your picture. ==Please _________ ________ __________ _____ _____. 请把你的画给我看一下。 I _______ _______the salt. = I _______the salt _____ _____. 我把书递给

他。

基本句型五: S十V十O十C主谓宾补结构此句型的句子的共同特点是:动词虽然是及物动词,但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语。call(叫), choose(选), find

(发现), make, name, (命名)

22)Keep ________________________________, please.请让孩子们安静下来。

23)They painted ______ ______ ________. 他们把门漆成绿色。

We must ______ ______ ________ ______. 我们必须保持我们的学校

洁。 He asked me _____ ________ ________ soon. 他要我早点回来。24)我们发现他是一个懒惰的人。______________________________________________.

注意:动词have, make, let, see, hear, notice, feel, watch等后面所接的动词不定式作宾补时,不带

to。如:25)The boss ________ _______ _________ all day. (迫使他劳动) We saw _____ ____

_____. (他出去)。

考点突破训练

1、I am sorry to have kept you______

A to wait

B wait

C waited

D waiting

2、 I felt somebody ______ me

A touch

B touched

C to touch

D touches

3、 He taught me _____ speak English

A how should

B how

C how can I

D how to

4、 I shall make your dream ______

A coming truly

B come true

C to come true

D comes true

5、 He told _____ home

A us not to go

B we not go

C us not go

D us to not go

6、 I think _____ a good habit to get up early

A this

B it

C that

D its

7、 Roses in bloom smell ______

A sweeten

B sweetly

C sweet

D sweetness

( )1. The weather ____.

A. wet and cold

B. is wet and cold

C. not wet and cold

D.

were wet and cold

( ) 2. The apple tasted ____.

A. sweets

B. sweetly

C. nicely

D. sweet

( ) 3. He got up ____ yesterday morning.

A. lately

B. late

C. latest

D. latter

( )4. ____ were all very tired, but none of ____ would stop to take a rest.

A. We, us

B. Us, we

C. We, our

D. We, we

( )5.I think _____necessary(必要的) to learn English well.

A. its

B. it

C. that

D. that is

( ) 6. The dog ____ mad(疯的).

A. looks

B. is looked

C. is being looked

D. was looked

判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句:

1. We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon.

2. The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom.

3. There is a chair in this room, isn’t there?

4. My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come back home at seven in the evening.

5. He is in Class One and I am in Class Two.

6. He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child.

7. Neither has he changed his mind, nor will he do so.

8. What he said at the meet ing is very important, isn’t it?

9. The farmer is showing the boy how to plant a tree.

10. Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music.

最新中考英语知识点汇总

最新中考英语知识点汇总中考英语知识点:名词所有格 【速记口诀】 名词所有格,表物是"谁的"。 若为生命词,加"‘s"即可行。 词尾有s,仅把逗号择。 并列名词后,各自和共有。 前者分别加,后者最后加。 若为无生命词,of所有格。 前后须倒置,此是硬规则。 【妙语诠释】

①有生命的名词所有格一般加s,但如果名词以s结尾,则只加"‘"; ②并列名词所有格表示各自所有时,分别加"‘s",如果是共有,则只在最后名词加"’s"; ③如果是无生命的名词则用of表示所有格,这里需要注意它们的顺序与汉语不同,A of B要翻译为B的A. 中考英语知识点:宾语从句用法巧记口诀 【速记口诀】 宾语从句须注意,几点事项应牢记。 一是关键引导词,不同句子词相异。 陈述句子用that;一般疑问是否(if,whether)替; 特殊问句更好办,引导还用疑问词。 二是时态常变化,主句不同从句异。

主句若为现在时,从句时态应看意; 主句若为过去时,从句时态向前移。 三是语序要记清,从句永保陈述序。 【妙语诠释】 宾语从句应注意三点: ①引导词,陈述句一般由that引导,这时的that可以省略;一般疑问句则由if或whe-ther引导;而特殊疑问句则由特殊疑问词引导。 ②时态,主句是现在时态,从句可用所需要的任何时态;但如果主句是过去时态,从句时态所表示时间一般往前移一个时间段。 ③语序,宾语从句永远要用陈述句顺序。 中考英语知识点:语法学习口诀 1、最初的简单动词的学习。

来是come,去是go.点头yes,摇头no.再见要用goodbye,谢谢要说thankyou. 2、关于Be的用法:BTH 我用am,你用are,is用在他、她、它,凡是复数都用are.不能错来,不能差。 3、关于冠词的使用:BTH 不见原因(元音),别施恩(n)。 4、不用冠词的部分情况:BTH 季节、月份、节假日,三餐、球类和星期。 5、以-fe结尾变复数只加s的单词: gulf roof chief serf belief proof handkerchief 海湾边,屋顶上,首领奴仆两相望,谁说他们无信仰,证据写在

2021年中考英语知识点总复习

初一上册各模块知识点及考试重点 名词所所有格: ⑴表示有生命的名词的所有格其单数形式是加 's,以s结尾的复数 名词后面加’, students’ rooms, father's shoes。 (2). 如复数结尾不是s的仍加 's,如:Children's Day。 (3). 在表示时间、距离、长度、重量、价格、世界、国家等名词的 所有格要用 's,例如:a twenty minutes' walk,ten miles' journey, a boat's length,two pounds' weight, ten dollars' worth。 (4). 无生命名词的所有格则必须用of结构,例如:a map of China,the end of this term,the capital of our country, the color of the flowers。 特殊情况: the key to the door/ the answer to the question the ticket for the concert (5). 双重所有格,例如:a friend of my father's。 【注意】 如果两个名词并列,并且分别有 's,则表示“分别有”,例如:John's and Mary's rooms(约翰和玛丽各有一间,共两间);Tom's and Mary's bikes(两人各自的自行车)。 两个名词并列,只有一个's,则表示“共有”,例如:John and Mary's room(约翰和玛丽共有一间);Tom and Mary's mother(即Tom与Mary是兄妹)。

中考英语-简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题word版本

中考英语-简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练 习题

简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题 一、句子成份 英语句子成分有主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,表语,定语,状语等。 顺序一般是主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,而表语,定语,状语的位置要根据情况而定。 1、主语:表示句子主要说明的人或事物,一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如: Country music has become more and more popular.(名词) We often speak English in class.(代词) One-third of the students in this class are girls.(数词) To swim in the river is a great pleasure.(不定式) Smoking does harm to the health.(动名词) The rich should help the poor.(名词化的形容词) When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.(主语从句) It is necessary to master a foreign language.(it作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的不定式) 2、谓语:谓语说明主语的动作,状态或特征。可以有不同的时态,语态和语气。 1)简单谓语: We study for the people. 2)复合谓语: I can speak a little English. We are reading books. He has gone to Beijing.. 3、表语: 它位于系动词(比如be)之后,说明主语身份,特征,属性或状态。 My sister is a nurse. Is it yours?(代词) The weather has turned cold.(形容词) The speech is exciting.(分词) Three times seven is twenty one?(数词) His job is to teach English.(不定式) His hobby(爱好)is playing football.(动名词) The ruler must be in your box.(介词短语) Time is up. The class is over.(副词) The truth is that he has never been abroad.(表语从句) 4、宾语: 宾语表示动作行为的对象,跟在及物动词之后,We like English. How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.(数词) They helped the old with their housework yesterday.(名词化形容词) It began to rain.(不定式短语) I enjoy listening to popular music.(动名词短语) I think(that)he is fit for his office.(宾语从句) 有些及物动词可以带两个宾语,往往一个指人,一个指物,指人的叫间接宾语,指物的叫直接宾语。 He gave me some ink. 有些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语,意思才完整,宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。如: We make him our monito r(班长). 5、宾补: 就是宾语补足语,就是补充说明宾语的 I see you crossing the street His father named him Dongming.(名词)

初中英语基础知识大全__中考必备

中考英语辅导 ——人教版初中阶段中考基础知识整合与测评 JUNIOR BOOK I 一.知识网络 【重点内容概要】 1.元音字母在重读开音节、闭音节中的读音。 2.常用的日常交际用语。 3.人称代词,物主代词、指示代词及基数词。 4.动词be(am,is,,are)的用法及人称代词,名词的数的一致性, 5.一些表示方位、地点介词的用法. 6.名词所有格。My father’s watch the pic of Billy billy’s pictures 7,冠词a,an,the的基本用法。 8.以What、Where、Who、Whose、Which、How等引导的疑问句和一般疑问句以及它们的回答. 9.能灵活运用人称代词的主格和宾格. 10.掌握可数名词和不可数名词的用法,以及与其搭配使用的相关修饰词 11.There be句型以及与have(has)的运用及区别。 12.动词的现在进行时和一般现在时的运用。

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