宾语补足语讲解
一、定义：
宾语补足语通常紧跟在宾语之后，对宾语进行补充说明。
二、句子结构是：
主+谓+宾+宾补
三、两种结构：
1.主表型：
1) make our country beautiful (adjective)
2) call him Lao Li (noun)
3) find sb. out (adv.)
4) find sb. at home (Prep. phrase)
2. 主谓型：
1) ask sb. to do sth.（有to 不定式）
2) have sb. do sth. （无to 不定式）
3) see sb. doing sth. （现在分词）
4) have sth. done. （过去分词）
四、什么动词后可有宾语补足语：
1. 在表示心理状态的动词后作宾语补足语。这类动词有：consider, think, believe, discover, find, imagine, judge, suppose, prove等。这类动词后的不定式通常是"to be+形容词或名词"结构，think, consider, find后的to be常可省略。We consider him (to be) a good teacher.
我们认为他是一个好老师。He proved that theory (to be) very important.
他证明那个理论是很重要的。I thought her (to be) nice and honest the first time I met her.我第一次见到她的时候就认为她人很好，很诚实。
2. 在表示情感状态的动词后作宾语补足语。这类动词有：love, like, prefer, hate, want, wish, expect等。I'd prefer you to leave him alone.
我希望你不要打扰他。I don't want there to be any trouble.
我不想有任何麻烦。
3. 注意：hope, demand, suggest等动词后面不能接不定式作宾语补足语。
I hope you can give me a hand.
我希望你能帮我一把。
I wish you to give me a hand.
我希望你能帮我一把。
He required us to be present at the meeting.
他要求我们出席会议。
Mr Li suggested that she should not go there alone.
李先生建议她不要独自去那里。
五、可作宾语补足语的形式有：
不定式，现在分词，过去分词，名词，形容，副词，介词短语都能作补语。六、具体说明：
（一）副词作宾语补足语
I found him in yesterday.
（二）常接形容词作宾语补足语的动词有：keep, make, find等。
如：We must keep our classroom clean.
（三）常接名词作宾语补足语的动词有：call, name, make, think等。
如：We call them mooncakes.
（四）常接动词-ing形式作宾语补足语的动词有：see, watch, hear, find, keep等。如：In the country, we can hear birds singing.
（五）常接介词短语作宾语补足语的动词有：keep, find, leave等。如：I left my pen on my desk at home.
（六）不定式作宾语补足语
1. 常接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask, tell, want, teach, wish等；
2. 接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：see, watch, hear, make, let advise, allow, ask, beg, command, tell, invite, force, oblige, get, help, encourage, persuade, permit, remind, request, order, warn, cause等。
如：
I often see him play football.
She often asks me to help her.
We don't allow such things to happen again.
Most of the parents agree to forbid their children to smoke.
She asked me to answer the phone in her absence.
Please remind me to leave her this note.
She requested him to go with her.
3. 用不定式作宾语补足语的几种说明：
①help后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式可以带to也可以不带to。如：I often help my mother(to) do some housework.
②在使役动词后作宾语补足语，不定式不带to。有些动词跟不定式作宾语补足语时省去了to，这些动词有：一感二听三让四观看。
一感：feel
二听：hear, listen to
三让：let, have, make
四观看：observe, see, watch, look at
这类动词有：make, let, have等。转为被动语态时，其后通常都用带to的不定式(have没有被动语态)。What would you have me do?
你要我做什么？She made him give up smoking.
她让他戒了烟。Let him do whatever he wishes to do.
他想干什么就让他干吧。
Though he had often made his little sister cry, today he was made to cry by his little
sister.虽然经常是他弄哭小妹妹，但今天他却被小妹妹弄哭了
3. 掌握“使役动词 have + 宾语＋过去分词”的几种含义
在“ have ＋宾语＋过去分词”结构中，过去分词作宾语补足语， have 也可用get 。这一结构具有以下几种含义：
①意为“主语请别人做某事”。例如：
He wants to have his eyes examined tomorrow.
他明天想去检查眼睛。（“检查”的动作由医生来进行）
②意为“主语遭遇、遭受某一不愉快、不测的事情”。例如：
Be careful, or you'll have your hands hurt.
当心，否则会弄伤手的。
③意为“使完成某事”，事情既可以是别人做完，也可以由主语参与完成。
例如：
He had the walls painted this morning.
他今早把墙漆了。（主语自己可能参与）
④动词不定式也可作一些短语动词的宾语补足语。
I'm waiting for James to arrive.
我正等着詹姆斯的到来。
He's arranged for a car to pick them up at the station.
他已安排了一辆汽车去车站接他们。
The UN has called on both sides to observe the cease fire.
联合国号召交战双方遵守停火协定。
（七）分词作宾语补足语
用现在分词作宾补，说明宾语是动作的发出者，形成逻辑上的主谓关系；用过去分词作宾补，表示宾语是动作的承受者，构成逻辑上的动宾关系。
1. 跟分词作宾补的动词有：catch, have get, keep, hear, find, feel, leave, make, want, start, notice, observe, watch, set等。例如：
There was so much noise that the speaker couldn’t make himself heard.
由于十分吵闹，讲话人没法让人听到他的声音。
When he awoke, he found himself being looked after by an old woman.
他醒来的时候发现一位老大娘正在照顾他。
2. 几种用过去分词作宾语补足语的情况说明：
①表示“意欲；命令”的动词如like, want, wish, order 等，可用过去分词
作宾语补足语。例如：
The father wants his daughter taught the piano.
这位父亲想让女儿学钢琴。
②感官动词see, hear, notice, observe, watch, feel, find 等后，可用过去分词作宾语补足语。例如：
I saw an old man knocked down by a car just now.
刚才我看到一位老人被车撞倒了。
③使役动词have, get, make, leave, keep 等后，可用过去分词作宾语补足语。例如：Have you got your films developed? 你拿胶卷去冲洗了没有？
④“with ＋宾语＋过去分词”结构中，过去分词用作介词with 的宾语补足语。这一结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。例如：
The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back.
凶手被带进来了，他的双手被绑在背后。（表方式）
With water heated, we can see the steam.
水一被加热，我们就会看到水蒸气。（表条件）
With the matter settled, we all went home.
事情得到解决，我们都回家了。（表原因）
宾语补足语练习题
1. The manager discussed the plan that they would like to see the next year.(NMET2000)
A. carry out
B. carrying out
C. carried out
D. to carry out
2. ----Th ere’s a hole in your bag. ---- I know, I’m going to have it _____.
A.mend
B. mending
C. mended
D. to be mended
3. Though he had often made his little sister ____, today he was made ____ by his little sister.
A.cry; to cry
B. crying; crying
C. cry; cry
D. to cry; cry
4. They would not allow him _____ across the enemy line.
A.to risk going
B. risking to go
C. for risk to go
D. risk going
5. I found the door _____ when I got home.
A.opened
B. close
C. unlocking
D. open
6. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ___.
A.not to
B. not to do
C. not do
D. do not to
7. I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise____.
A.going on
B. goes on
C. went on
D. to go on
8. With a lot of difficult problems_____, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.
A.settled
B. settling
C. to settle
D. being settled
9. I advised _____ at once.
A.him to starting
B. him to start
C. to starting
D. to start
10. When I put my hand on his chest, I could feel his heart still ____.
A.beat
B. to be beating
C. beating
D. was beating
11. You had better get a doctor _____ your bad tooth.
A.pull out
B. to pull out
C. pulled out
D. pulling out
12. He managed to make himself with his____ English.
A.understand; breaking
B. understand; broken
B. C. understood; breaking D. understood; broken
13. The doctor asked him not to leave his wound ______.
A. expose
B. exposed
C. to expose
D. exposing
14. They are going to have the service man ____ an electric fan in the office tomorrow.
A.install
B. to install
C. to be installed
D. installed
15. After a few rounds of talks, both sides regarded the territory dispute ______.
A.being settled
B. to be settled
C. had settled
D. as settled
16. You will see this product ____ wherever you go.
A.to be advertised
B. advertised
C. advertise
D. advertising
17. His remarks left me _____ about his real purpose.
A.wondered
B. wonder
C. to wonder
D. wondering
18. When I caught him ______ me I stopped buying things there and started dealing
with another shop.
A.cheating
B. cheat
C. to cheat
D. to be cheating
19. Though he had often made his little sister ____, today he was made ____ by his little sister.
A. cry; to cry
B. crying; crying
C. cry; cry
D. to cry; cry
20. Did you intend us ___ the new method?
A. using
B. to use
C. using
D. are using
21. The teacher encouraged us ______ good compositions.
A. Writing
B. written
C. to write
D. is writing
22. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ___________.
A. not to
B. not to do
C. not do it
D. do not to
23. Mrs. Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had _______went wrong again.
A .it B. it repaired C .repaired D. to be repaired
24. With a lot of difficult problems_____, the newly—elected president is having a hard time.
A .settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled
25. With trees, flowers and grass_____ everywhere, my native town had taken on a new look.
A. planting
B. planted
C. to plant D .to be planted
26. She was glad to see her child well_____ care of.
A. take
B. to be taken
C. taken
D. taking
27. The result of the entrance exams was not made _____to the public until last Thursday.
A. knowing
B. known
C. to know
D. to be known
28. I can make you _____what I say, but you can’t make yourself ____ in English.
A. understand; understand B .understand, understood
C to understand, understand D. understand; to be understood
29. He found them ____ at a table_____.
A. sat; to play chess
B. sitting; to play chess
C. seated; playing chess
D. seat; play the chess
30. John rushed out in a hurry, ___ the door_____.
A. leaving; unlocked
B. leaving; unlocking
C. left; unlocked
D. to leave; unlocking
31. We are pleased to see the problem___ so quickly.
A. settled
B. settling
C. be settled
D. having been settled
32. I could feel the wind ___on my face from an open window.
A .to blow
B .blowing C. to be blowing D .blown
33. ____ production up by 60%,the company has had another excellent year.
A. As
B. For
C. With
D. Through
34. ____ everything ____ , she left the supermarket with satisfaction.
A. As, buying
B. For, to buy
C. With, bought D .Because, to buy
35. Don’t leave the water ____ whil e you brush your teeth. (天津2004)
A. run
B. running
C. being run
D. to run
36. He looked around and caught a man ___ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.
A. put
B. to be putting
C. to put
D. putting
37. Laws that punish parents for their little children’s actions against the laws get parents _______. (重庆2004)
A. worried
B. to worry
C. worrying
D. worry
38. The teacher asked us _____ so much noise. (北京2003)
A. don’t make
B. not make
C. not making
D. not to make
39. An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered ____ clear
warnings before firing any shots. (上海2003)
A. to issue
B. being issued
C. to have issued
D. to be issued
40.－Good morning. Can I help you? －I'd like to have this package __ ,Madame.
A. be weighed
B. to be weighed
C. to weigh
D. weighed
41. Father will not __us to use his recorders.
A. have
B. let C .agree D. allow
42. John was made __the truck for a week as punishment.
A .to wash B. washing C. wash D. to be washing
43. The missing boys were last seen __ near the river.
A. playing
B. to be playing
C. play
D. to play
44. Paul doesn't have to be made __ .He always works hard.
A. learn
B. to learn C .learned D. learning
45. Seeing the sun __ above the surface of the sea, we let out a shout of joy.
A. to rise
B. to raise
C. rising D .raising
46. I was disappointed to find his suggestions __ .
A been turned down B. turned down C. to be turned down D. to turn down
47. The patient was warned ____oily food after the operation.
A. to eat to
B. eating not C .not to eat D not eating
48. The speaker raised her voice but still couldn’t make herself _______.
A. hear
B. hearing
C. to hear
D. heard
49. If you go to Xi’an, you’ll find the palaces there more magnificent than commonly _________. A. supposing B. to suppose C. supposed D. suppose
50. It’s so cold today, we must keep the fire ________.
A. to burn
B. burning
C. burn
D. burnt
51. The mother was asked ________ let her children ________ TV every evening;
A. not to; watch
B. not to; to watch
C. not; watch
D. not; watching
52. They didn’t observe her _______ in and go upst airs.
A. come
B. came
C. to come
D. coming
53. How about the two of us ____ a walk down the garden? (MET93 17)
A. to take
B. take
C. taking
D. to be taking
54. I have had my bike , and I’m going to have somebody my radio tomorrow.
A. repair; to repair
B. repairing; to be repaired
C. repaired; repair
D. to repair; repairing
55. the room, the nurse found the tape recorder .
A. Entering; stealing
B. Entering; gone
C. To have entered; being stolen
D. Having entered; to be stolen
56. Could you show me the mobile phone you’d like ______?
A. to have repaired
B. repairing it
C. having it repaired
D. to repair it
57. I have often heard the ABC Song , but I have never heard Alice it.
A.to be sung; to sing
B. being sung; sang
C. sung; sing
D. sang; singing
58. I can hardly imagine Peter __________ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.
A. sail
B. to sail
C. sailing
D. to have sailed
59. ---Have you had anyone ______ your newly-bought flat?
---Not yet. I am going to get John _______ a design for it first.
A. to decorate; make
B. to decorate; to make
C. decorate; make
D. decorate; to make
60. ---“Did you have any difficulty in today’s homework?”---“No, in fact I found
__________.”
A. it very easy to do
B. it very easy done
C. very easy for doing
D. very
easy to do it
Keys:
1-5 CCAAD 6-10 AACBC 11-15 BDBAD 16-20 CDAAB 21-25 CACAB
26-30 CBBCA 31-35 A BCCB 36-40 DADAD 41-45 D AABC 46-50 BCDCB
51-55 A ACCB 56-60 A CCDA
“感使动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构中宾语补足语的用法定义 1．所谓感官动词，是指表示人的大脑感觉器官所发出的动作的动词。如：notice / observe / see / look at / watch / hear / listen to / feel（常见的共８词）. 2．使役动词是指具有使、让意义的动词。如：have/ let / make（常见的共３词）。 记忆与使用 难点一：如何系统、准确地熟记常见的感官、使役动词 口诀：“注意、观察、三看、二听、一感觉；三个使役半帮助。”注意：“半帮助”是为了易记加上去的（因help后接的to可省可不省，故叫“半帮助”）。 难点二：对感官、使役动词的主动结构后接非谓语动词作宾补的区别 先看感官动词主动结构的用法（以hear为例）：hear sb. do/ doing/ done ' 即其后可接do（省to）/ doing/ done作宾补。区别是：1）do/ doing均表主动关系，done表被动关系。 ２）do/ doing都可表主动，但do指整个动作，经常性动作或强调动作完成了。doing指动作正在进行或动作的某个片断。
３）done指某事由别人做（被做），也作“遭受”解。 试比较：A）I heared him sing a song. 我听他唱了一首歌（指自始至终整个过程）。 B）I heared him singing a song. 我听见他正在唱歌唱（指当时动作的某个片断）。 C）I heared a song sung．我听见（有人）唱歌（逻辑主语“歌”与“唱”是被动关系。） 再看使役动词主动结构的用法：have sb. do/ doing/ done, make/let sb. do/ done have后也接do（省to）/ doing/ done作宾补，区别是：１）do/ doing 均表主动关系，done表被动关系。 ２）do/ doing虽然都表主动，但do指目前和将来或经常性、反复性的动作。Ｄｏｉdoing指目前正在进行的动作。 试比较：A）I won’t have you saying such things about my sister.（指目前正确进行的动作） B）I won’t have you saying such things about my sister.（指目前和将来的动作） C）I shouldn’t have him do that again．（指将来的动作，此处不用doing因do that again暗示将来） D）I am sorry to have had you waiting so long.（指目前正在进行的动作） E）I have had many friends visit me from time to time.
详解双宾语和宾语补足语的区别：以make, give举例说明 双宾语结构：1. 动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 2. 动词+直接宾语+for+间接宾语 3. 动词+直接宾语+to+间接宾语 其中间接宾语是指人的，直接宾语是指物的 宾语补足语结构：1.动词+人（宾语）+动词原形 2.动词+宾语+形容词 3.动词+宾语+带to的不定式 4.动词+宾语+省to的不定式 5.动词+宾语+名词短语 其中红色部分作为句子的宾补成分, 特别强调的是宾 语补足语不可以和宾语换位置。 一、举例说明双宾语： 1. She made us coffee. 其中us 为句子的间接宾语coffer为句子的直接宾语。 本句子可改为同义句： She made coffer for us. 2. He gave me a book. 其中me 为句子的间接宾语a book为句子的直接宾语。 本句子可改为同义句： He gave a book to me 二、举例说明宾语补足语: We make Lijian our monitor. 其中红色为宾补成分 这个句子最容易让人弄错，以为是双宾语，其实是our monitor作为句子的宾语补足语，这个句子是不可以改写成： We make our monitor for Lijian. （×） He asked me some questions. 这个句子容易让人误认为是宾语补足语结构，实际是双宾语结构，只不过这个句子中的动词的间接宾语不能+to或+for,这类动词还有cost, refuse, promise
The book cost me five yuan. 三、动词+直接宾语+for+间接宾语，这种结构中能用for改为同义句的动词有：buy, play, make, find,keep,choose,cut,cook,wash等 Please cut Tom the cake.= Please cut the cake for Tom. My father often washes me the clothes.=My father often washes the clothes for me. My father often cooks me lunch.=My father often cooks lunch for me. 四、动词+直接宾语+to+间接宾语，这种结构中能用to改为同义句的动词有：七给give, hand, pass, lend, send, show, write,一带bring，还有pay, teach, tell, wish, return, sell, read,等 I returned him the storybook= I returned the storybook to him. He showed all his friends his pictures.= He showed his pictures to all his friends. He sent me a book.= He sent a book to me
宾语补足语总汇 六、具体说明： （一）副词作宾语补足语 I found him in yesterday. （二）常接形容词作宾语补足语的动词有：keep, make, find等。 如：We must keep our classroom clean. （三）常接名词作宾语补足语的动词有：call, name, make, think等。 如：We call them mooncakes. （四）常接动词-ing形式作宾语补足语的动词有：see, watch, hear, find, keep等。如：In the country, we can hear birds singing. （五）常接介词短语作宾语补足语的动词有：keep, find, leave等。如：I left my pen on my desk at home. （六）不定式作宾语补足语 1. 常接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask, tell, want, teach, wish等； 2. 接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：see, watch, hear, make, let advise, allow, ask, beg, command, tell, invite, force, oblige, get, help, encourage, persuade, permit, remind, request, order, warn, cause等。如： I often see him play football. She often asks me to help her. We don't allow such things to happen again. Most of the parents agree to forbid their children to smoke. She asked me to answer the phone in her absence. Please remind me to leave her this note. She requested him to go with her. 3. 用不定式作宾语补足语的几种说明： ①help后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式可以带to也可以不带to。 如：I often help my mother(to) do some housework. ②在使役动词后作宾语补足语，不定式不带to。有些动词跟不定式作宾语补足语时省去了to，这些动词有：一感二听三让四观看。 一感：feel 二听：hear, listen to 三让：let, have, make 四观看：observe, see, watch, look at 这类动词有：make, let, have等。转为被动语态时，其后通常都用带to的不定式(have没有被动语态)。What would you have me do? 你要我做什么？She made him give up smoking. 她让他戒了烟。Let him do whatever he wishes to do. 他想干什么就让他干吧。 Though he had often made his little sister cry, today he was made to cry by his little sister.虽然经常是他弄哭小妹妹，但今天他却被小妹妹弄哭了 3. 掌握“使役动词have + 宾语＋过去分词”的几种含义 在“ hav e ＋宾语＋过去分词”结构中，过去分词作宾语补足语，have 也可用get 。这一结构具有以下几种含义：
双宾语和宾语补足语的区别? 英语中，有些及物动词可以接两个宾语,即指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语,这两个宾语称为"双宾语"。 句子结构为："主语＋及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语"。 如：My parents bought me a computer.我父母给我买了一台电脑. 用来说明宾语的部分叫做宾语补足语.什么时候会出现宾语补足语呢?当一个句子有了（主+谓+宾）后,句意仍不清楚,这时补充一部分,句意就清楚了.如果这部分和宾语之间有逻辑上的“主+谓”的关系.也就是说,假设用宾语作主语,与后面的内容重新组成一个句子,其意义与原句的意义相符合,这时这部分就是宾语补足语.如果与原句意义不相符合,就是“双宾语”.如：1.We call her?这时主谓宾都有了,但句意不清楚,加上Sister Li后就完整了.如果我们用宾语做主语,就可写成She is Sister Li.此时,意义与原句相符合,所以Sister Li就是宾语补足语.2.I shall give you这时句子有了主谓宾,意义不完整.加上a dog?就完整了.但我们不能说You are dog,所以这时a dog是直接宾语.you是间接宾语. 双宾语就是有些动词后面跟直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语指的是动词所涉及的物,间接宾语是指受益于动词所表示的行为的人.例如:They gave him a watch.这里的him 是间接宾语,a watch 是直接宾语,这种间接宾语和直接宾语同时出现的情况叫双宾语.在英语中,有些动词接了一个宾语后句子意思仍不完整,还需要再加上一个词或短语放在宾语之后来补充说明其身份、特征、状态或所做的动作,
Contents 英语宾语补足语用法详解 (2) 一、概念 (2) 二、何时用现在分词、何时用过去分词作主语(宾语)补足语 (2) 三、可以用分词作主语或宾语补足语的动词 (3) 典例精析： (4)
英语宾语补足语用法详解 一、概念 分词作主语补足语和宾语补足语其实是同一成分用于两种不同的句式中。具体地说，主动态句子中的宾语补足语就是被动态句子中的主语补足语。先了解宾语补足语，则很容易了解主语补足语。 宾语补足语：在英语中，某些及物动词不仅需要宾语，而且还要求某个词或词组来补充说明宾语，即表示宾语代表的人或物所发出的动作或所处的状态，这个词或短语称为宾语补足语。有些语法书把宾语和补足语称为复合宾语。 句型：及物动词+宾语(n./pron.)+宾语补足语(n./adj./adv./to do/-ing/-ed/介词短语共7种表示法) 该句型若变成被动语态，即将宾语提到句首作主语，原主动语态中的宾语补足语此时在被动语态中起到补充说明主语的作用，所以改称主语补足语。例如： A cook will be immediately fired if he is found smoking in the kitchen. 此句中smoking是主语he的补足语，所以称为主语补足语。 二、何时用现在分词、何时用过去分词作主语(宾语)补足语 分词作主语(宾语)补足语时，若主语(宾语)与分词之间是主动关系，则用现在分词表示主动； 如果主语(宾语)与分词之间是被动关系，则用过去分词表示被动。例如： He was heard singing in the next room. He was singing.主语he与补足语“唱歌”之间是主动关系，故用现在分词singing。 One of the glasses was found broken. One of the glasses was broken.主语one of the glasses与补足语“打破”之间是被动关系，故用过去分词broken。 Don‘t leave the water running while you brush your teeth.
双宾语vs宾语和宾语补足语 双宾动词1.动词+ 间接宾语+直接宾语 They granted us a loan. She will lend you her mp3. I owed him an apology. Hand me the cellphone. 间接宾语有时候要放后面, 需要加介词to, 这类动词有give, loan, play, send, tell, grant, mail, post, serve, write, award, offer, read, show, bring, lease, owe, rent, sing, deal, leace, pass, repay, take, lend, pay, sell, teach 2. 动词+直接宾语+for+ 间接宾语 Sing us a song, please.-------Please sing a song for us. 这类动词常见的有: book, find, pick, bring, fix, play, fix, buy, leave, reserve, build, get, prepare, book, make, save, cut, mix, set, design, order, sing, fetch, paint, spare 常见的跟宾语补足语的及物动词 1. 可跟adj, 或adj短语作宾补的动词 (这类动词只跟一个宾语意义不完整, 宾语后必须加一个成分, 使其意义完整) believe, drive, keep, set, declare, consider, leave, find, make, cut, judge, get, push, dye, paint 2. 可用名词短语作宾补 call, name, make (使变为), wish, consider, find, keep, choose, elect We choose Li our new manager. We consider him a talented genius. 3. 可带to不定式结构作宾补 advise, allow, ask, expect, invite, get, order, tell, teach, wish, warn If you want people to think well of you, do not speak well of yourself. How could they allow the state to build a prison so close to our neighbourhood. 4. 用ing做宾补 see, hear, keep, catch, find, have(让, 使) watch, smell, look at, observe, discover, get(使) Can you hear sb playing the piano in the hall? The boy was last seen playing by the riverside. 5. 用ed做宾补 have(使), get(使), make(使), find(发现), feel, see, heat, think, watch You will see this product advertised wherever you go. I found the story used in a book. 指示代词this和that都可以用来指代或概括上文提到的事物，或指代前面整个句子的内容，两者在意义上没有区别，只是that多用在较正式的文体中。（同一句话中） You smiled and talked to me of nothing, for this I’d been waiting long. Hill slopes are cleared of forests to make way of crops, but this only accelerates crisis. 如果要指代下文，通常用this，用that情况很少，而且常有讽刺，气愤等意味。 I want to know this; Has he been here the whole morning?
精心整理 宾语补足语讲解 一、定义：宾语补足语通常紧跟在宾语之后，对宾语进行补充说明。 二、句子结构是：主+谓+宾+宾补 三宾语补足语的词语形式有： 副词，形容，名词，介词短语，不定式(带to/不带to)，分词（现在分词/过去分词） 四、具体说明： （1）副词作宾语补足语如：Ifoundhim in yesterday. （2）形容词作宾语补足语如：Wemustkeepourclassroom clean. （3）名词作宾语补足语如：Wecallthem mooncakes. （4）介词短语作宾语补足语如：Ileftmypen onmydesk athome. （5）不定式作宾语补足语如：Sheoftenasksme tohelp her. Ioftenseehim play football. 用不定式作宾语补足语的几种说明： ①help后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式可以带to也可以不带to。 如：Ioftenhelpmymother(to)dosomehousework. ②在使役动词和感官动词后作宾语补足语，不定式不带to。这些动词有： 一感：feel；二听：hear,listento；三让：let,have,make四观看：observe,see,watch,lookat 如：I saw theboy climb thewall（过程） 如：Theboss makes theboy work dayandnight. 这类动词转为被动语态时，其后不定式符号to要重新加上去(注意have没有被动语态)。 Thoughhehadoften madehislittlesistercry,todayhe wasmadetocry byhislittlesister. 虽然经常是他弄哭小妹妹，但今天他却被小妹妹弄哭了 ③表示心理状态的动词（consider,think,believe,discover,find,imagine,judge,suppose,prove等）后接不定式tobe+形容词或名词"结构作宾语补足语。think,consider,find后的tobe常可省略。 如：Weconsiderhim(tobe)agoodteacher. 如：Heprovedthetheory(tobe)veryimportant. （6）现在分词作宾语补足语，说明宾语是动作的发出者，形成逻辑上的主谓关系。如：Isawtheboy climbing thewall.（片 段） （7）过去分词作宾语补足语，表示宾语是动作的承受者，构成逻辑上的动宾关系。 如：Isawanoldman knockeddown byacarjustnow. （8）“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。例如： 1、with+宾+形Helefttheroomwiththedoor open.方式 2、with+宾+副Withtheradio on,grandmasleptdeeplyinthechair.伴随 3、with+宾+过去分词Themanwsbroughtinwithhishands tied behindhisback.方式 4、with+宾+不定式Withthisbook tohelpyou,youcanfinishyourworkqickly.条件 5、with+宾+介词短语Themanleftthemeetingwithabook inhishand.伴随 6、with+宾+现在分词Shefellasleepwiththelightburning.伴随 宾语补足语练习题 1.Themanagerdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee thenextyear.(NMET2000) A.carryout B.carryingout C.carriedout D.tocarryout
With 结构（with+宾语+宾补）宾补可以是：过去分词，现在分词，不定式，副词，adj.，介词短语 可以做定语，伴随状语，原因状语，结果状语等等。 1. 1) With his key lost, he couldn’t get into his house.(钥匙丢了, 他进不了家门. ) 2) With his hair cut, Father looks much younger. (理了发,父亲看上去年轻多了.) 3) He sat there with his eyes closed. (他闭目坐在那儿。) 4) All the afternoon he worked with the door locked. (整个下午他都锁着门在房里工作。) 5) The meeting ended with all the problems settled. (问题解决了,会散了.) 2. 1) With the teacher standing beside, the girl felt a bit uneasy. (老师站在一旁,女孩子感到有点不自在.) 2) She was chatting with her friend, with her child playing beside her． (她在跟朋友闲聊，孩子在旁边玩。) 3) He felt uneasy with the whole class staring at him. (他感到很不安，因为所有的同学都盯着他。) 4) The boy lay on the grass, with his eyes looking into the sky. (小男孩躺在草地上，两眼望着天空。) 5) With night coming on, we started for home. 夜幕降临，我们动身回家。 6) I won’t be able to go on holiday with my mother being ill. (因为妈妈有病，我无法去度假。) 7) He fell asleep with the lamp burning. (他没熄灯就睡着了。) 3.1) I can’t go out with all these clothes to wash. (要洗这些衣服，我无法出去了。) 2) With so many people to help us, we are sure to finish the work in time.
英语双宾语与复合宾语 英语双宾语与复合宾语(宾语补足语)的区别双宾语是指动词后有两个宾语；复合宾语是指动词后有一个宾语, 一个宾语补足语, 合起来称为复合宾语。 双宾语相对比较简单一些, 但复合宾语就复杂多了。两者在形式上看差不多, 它们都跟在动词后面, 都是两个部分。但它们之间在意义上、用法上还是有区别的。下面做一个简要的分析。 1、有没有逻辑主、谓关系是根本区别 (1) 双宾语, 一个是指人的间接宾语, 另一个是指物的直接宾 语, 两者之间是分开的独立的两件事。比如说： The old man told us a story yesterday. 那位老人昨天给我们讲了一个故事。 这句中, us 与a story 是分开的两件事物。 其它例子： The teacher gives each of them an eraser.
老师给他们每人一块橡皮。 They teach us Chinese and we teach them English. 他们教我们汉语, 我们教他们英语 Please show me your new book. 或Please show your new book to me. 请给我看看你的新书。 She bought me some tomatoes. 或She bought some tomatoes for me. 她给我买了一些西红柿。 (2) 复合宾语中, 宾语和宾语补足语之间, 在意义上有一种逻辑上的主语、谓语关系。换句话说, 把宾语、宾语补足语合起来, 也像是一个有主、谓关系的句子。例如： [例1] We made Tom monitor. 我们选举Tom 为班长。 这一句中, Tom 和monitor 之间有主、谓关系, 即Tom is mon itor.
宾语补足语讲解 WTD standardization office【WTD 5AB- WTDK 08- WTD 2C】
宾语补足语（O b j e c t c o m p l e m e n t)用法归纳概念：英语中含有某些意义的动词跟了宾语后句子仍不完整，还须要一个补足成分，这种补足成分叫做宾语补足语。宾语补足语是句子的主要成分，这样的句型为：主语+谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语。 由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语充当宾语补足语，用以说明宾语的类属、性质、状态等意义；由非谓语动词即不定式、现在分词、过去分词充当宾语补足语，用以说明宾语的动作。
宾语补足语使用注意事项： ①当感官动词和使役动词，如：see hear notice watch hear observe, listen to, feel(感官动词)make have let get(使役动词)接宾补时，不定式的符号to必须省略。但在被动语态中，动词后要加to。 主动语态：The policeman made him tell everything. 被动语态：He was made to tell everything by the policeman. ②感官动词see, hear, watch, notice, observe后面的宾语补足语既可跟不带to的动词不定式，也可跟现在分词，其区别在于前者表示“经常性的，习惯性的动作”，后者表示“正在发生的瞬间动作”。 I often hear her sing English songs in the room. Suddenly, Zhang Hua heard someone shouting “Fire! Fire!” ③在help后,不定式可以带to,也可不带。 Lucy often helps her brother (to) learn English. ④有些动词只能用现在分词作宾语补足语，如：keep, mind, prevent, stop。动词find, catch等的宾语可由现在分词作宾语补足语。
非谓语动词作宾语补足语 定义：宾语补足语通常是位于宾语之后，说明宾语的状态、特征的成分，多由名词,形容词、副词、不定式,动名词个分词充当. 如：The sun keeps us warm. We call her Jenny. They found him out. Make yourself at home. They wish you to go with them. I heard him singing. You must get your hair cut. 宾语+宾语补足语=复合宾语，宾语和宾语补足语之间在逻辑上往往有主表、或者主谓的关系. 一、动词不定式作宾补。 1.V1 + sb. + to do sth. 常用动词有：advise 建议allow 允许ask 叫，请bear 忍受 beg 乞求cause 导致command 命令encourage 鼓励expect 期待forbid 禁止force 迫使get 使 hate 讨厌help 帮助intend 想要invite 邀请 leave 让like 喜欢mean 打算need 需要 oblige 迫使order 命令permit 允许persuade 说服 prefer 宁愿request 请求remind 提醒teach 教 tell 告诉trouble 麻烦want 想要warn 警告 wish 希望wait for 等would like 想要would love 想要would prefer 宁愿 persuade (劝说）sb to do sth = persuade sb into doing sth 温馨提示： 1. advise, forbid,allow, permit 这四个词后既可以直接加动名词作宾语，也可以接不定式作宾语补足语，即构成 doing sth advise/ forbid/ allow/ permit sb to do sth 2. fear, excuse, refuse, insist, hope, suggest, agree, decide, demand, thank, arrange 等动词后不可接sb to do sth。 They forbade her to leave the country. 他们禁止她离开国家。 Please remind me not to be late for the meeting. 请提醒我开会不要迟到。3. He asked me to keep my word. 他要我信守承诺。 练习： Exercise1 1. I didn’t want my parents _________(help ) me. 2. We’d prefer you __________( take ) the job instead of Zhang. 3. The school ordered all the classroom ________( clean ). 4. My parents expect me _________( go )to a ideal university. 5. Joan promised the dinner ____________( cook ) before we returned. 6. The doctor advised the patient ___________( take ) two pills every four hours. 7. My advisor encouraged ________ a summer course to improve my writing skills. (北京卷) A. for me taking B. me taking C. for me to take D. me to take 8. The teacher asked us ________ so much noise. (北京卷) A. don’t make B. not make C. not making D. not to make 9. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ________. (全国卷) A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not do 二、在感官动词(feel, listen to, hear, see, look at, watch, notice 等)和使役动词(make, let, have)后，要用不带to 的不定式作宾补。但在这些动词的被动式(如果可以变为被动式的话)后用作主语补足语的不定式要带to。 The boss made her work long hours. 主语谓语宾语宾补 She was made to work long hours (by her boss). 主语谓语主补 诀窍：某些动词真奇怪，to来to去令人猜； 主动语态to离开，被动语态to回来。 记忆方法：一感(feel)、二听(hear, listen to)、三让(let, have, make)、五看(see, look at, watch, notice，observe)。 注：(1) 动词help后，可以加 to,也可以省略to. I will help him (to) clean the room.。 Lucy often helps her brother (to) learn English. 口诀：宾补省to有习惯，只有动词十一个半：五“看”二“听”一“感觉”，三个“使役”紧跟着。一个“帮助”两均可，牢记保你不出错。 练习： 1. Though he had often made his little sister ________, today he was made ________ by his little sister.
宾语补足语讲解及练 习
宾语补足语讲解 一、定义：宾语补足语通常紧跟在宾语之后，对宾语进行补充说明。 二、句子结构是：主+谓+宾+宾补 三宾语补足语的词语形式有： 副词，形容，名词，介词短语，不定式(带to/不带to)，分词（现在分词/过去分词） 四、具体说明： （1）副词作宾语补足语如：I found him in yesterday. （2）形容词作宾语补足语如：We must keep our classroom clean. （3）名词作宾语补足语如：We call them mooncakes. （4）介词短语作宾语补足语如：I left my pen on my desk at home. （5）不定式作宾语补足语如：She often asks me to help her. I often see him play football. 用不定式作宾语补足语的几种说明： ①help后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式可以带to也可以不带to。 如：I often help my mother(to) do some housework. ②在使役动词和感官动词后作宾语补足语，不定式不带to。这些动词有： 一感：feel；二听：hear, listen to；三让：let, have, make 四观看：observe, see, watch, look at 如：I saw the boy climb the wall（过程） 如： The boss makes the boy work day and night. 这类动词转为被动语态时，其后不定式符号to要重新加上去 (注意have没有被动语态)。 Though he had often made his little sister cry, today he was made to cry by his little sister. 虽然经常是他弄哭小妹妹，但今天他却被小妹妹弄哭了 ③表示心理状态的动词（consider, think, believe, discover, find, imagine, judge, suppose, prove等）后接不定式to be+形容词或名词"结构作宾语补足语。think, consider, find后的to be常可省略。 如：We consider him (to be) a good teacher. 如：He proved the theory (to be) very important.（6）现在分词作宾语补足语，说明宾语是动作的发出者，形成逻辑上的主谓关 系。如：I saw the boy climbing the wall. （片段） （7）过去分词作宾语补足语，表示宾语是动作的承受者，构成逻辑上的动宾关系。 如：I saw an old man knocked down by a car just now.
★五种基本句型 Rick often works on Weekend . 主谓（状） We often recite poems. 主谓宾 Bob seems insane. 主系表 Mum bought me a new bicycle. 主谓双宾 We found him humorous. 主谓宾宾补 五种基本句型总结：1.主语+不及物动词（主谓） 2.主语+及物动词+宾语（主谓宾） 3.主语+系动词+表语（主系表） 4.主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语（主谓双宾） 5.主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补（主谓宾宾补）例句：Birds fly.主谓 Yellow leaves are falling in the autumn air.主谓 The candle flickered.主谓 Her father is a health care worker.主系表 She becomes extremely angry at his words.主系表 He seems satisfied with his new-elected manager.主系表 Lily likes badminton very much.主谓宾 He made a call just now.主谓宾 The girl asked me where the bank was.主谓宾 He wrote her a long letter.主谓宾 I found the novel novel.主谓宾宾补
They elect him the dean of the department.主谓宾宾补 *如何区分双宾语和宾语补足语？ ?Mum gave me a pair of new running shoes.=Mum bought a pair of new running shoes to me. 双宾语 ?She tells me a story.=She tells a story to me. 双宾语（人和物分别是间接宾语和直接宾语） ?We call him Enoch≠We call Enoch him. 宾补 ?Mum asked me to go for a walk with her. 宾补 ?The smell makes me sick.宾补 ?We must keep our classroom neat.宾补 ?I find her a charming girl.宾补 ?Jim considers him a good teacher.宾补 =>位置可以互换是双宾(直接宾语和间接宾语），位置不能互换则是宾补
双宾语和宾语补足语
双宾语和宾语补足语的区别? 英语中，有些及物动词可以接两个宾语,即指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语,这两个宾语称为"双宾语"。 句子结构为："主语＋及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语"。 如：My parents bought me a computer.我父母给我买了一台电脑. 用来说明宾语的部分叫做宾语补足语.什么时候会出现宾语补足语呢?当一个句子有了（主+谓+宾）后,句意仍不清楚,这时补充一部分,句意就清楚了.如果这部分和宾语之间有逻辑上的“主+谓”的关系.也就是说,假设用宾语作主语,与后面的内容重新组成一个句子,其意义与原句的意义相符合,这时这部分就是宾语补足语.如果与原句意义不相符合,就是“双宾语”.如：1.We call her?这时主谓宾都有了,但句意不清楚,加上Sister Li后就完整了.如果我们用宾语做主语,就可写成She is Sister Li.此时,意义与原句相符合,所以Sister Li就是宾语补足语.2.I shall give you这时句子有 了主谓宾,意义不完整.加上a dog?就完整了.但我们不能说You are dog,所以这时a dog是直接宾语.you是间接宾语. 双宾语就是有些动词后面跟直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语指的是动词所涉及的物,间接宾语是指受益于动词所表示的行为的人.例如:They gave him a watch.这里的him 是间接宾语,a watch 是直接宾语,这种间接宾语和直接宾语同时出现的情况叫双宾语.在英语中,有些动词接了一个宾语后句子意思仍不完整,还需要再加上一个词或短语放在宾语之后来补充说明其身份、特征、状态或所做的动
宾语补足语（Object complement)用法归纳 概念：英语中含有某些意义的动词跟了宾语后句子仍不完整，还须要一个补足成分，这种补足成分叫做宾语补足语。宾语补足语是句子的主要成分，这样的句型为：主语+谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语。 由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语充当宾语补足语，用以说明宾语的类属、性质、状态等意义；由非谓语动词即不定式、现在分词、过去分词充当宾语补足语，用以说明宾语的动作。
①当感官动词和使役动词，如：see hear notice watch hear observe, listen to, feel(感官动词)make have let get(使役动词)接宾补时，不定式的符号to必须省略。但在被动语态中，动词后要加to。 主动语态：The policeman made him tell everything. 被动语态：He was made to tell everything by the policeman. ②感官动词see, hear, watch, notice, observe后面的宾语补足语既可跟不带to的动词不定式，也可跟现在分词，其区别在于前者表示“经常性的，习惯性的动作”，后者表示“正在发生的瞬间动作”。 I often hear her sing English songs in the room. Suddenly, Zhang Hua heard someone shouting “Fire! Fire!” ③在help后,不定式可以带to,也可不带。 Lucy often helps her brother (to) learn English. ④有些动词只能用现在分词作宾语补足语，如：keep, mind, prevent, stop。动词find, catch等的宾语可由现在分词作宾语补足语。 She caught her son smoking a cigarette. We’d be tter keep the fire burning. I don’t mind you joking. I like it. The heavy rain prevented us coming here on time. I found him drinking my whisky. ⑤hope, demand, suggest等动词后面不能接不定式作宾语补足语。 错误：I hope you to come here tomorrow. 正确：I hope you can come here tomorrow. ⑥表示心理状态的动词consider, think, believe, discover, find, imagine, judge, suppose, prove等动词后的不定式通常是“to be+形容词或名词”结构，to be常可省略。 We consider him (to be) a good teacher. He proved that theory (to be) very important.