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Bngwzz大学英语四级快速阅读应试策略

Bngwzz大学英语四级快速阅读应试策略
Bngwzz大学英语四级快速阅读应试策略

Bngwzz大学英语四级快速阅读应试策略

秋风清,秋月明,落叶聚还散,寒鸦栖复惊。

大学英语四级快速阅读应试策略

一题型介绍:

快速阅读是由全国大学英语四、六级考试改革项目组和全国大学四、六级考试委员会所设计的《大学英语四级考试(CET-4)试点考试样卷》中的一种新题型,该试题具有明确的特点:它由两种题型组成,一种是是非判断题,一种是句子填空题,总共10分,占阅读部分的28.6%, 占全卷的10%。。快速阅读理解部分主要市测试各种快速阅读理解技能,特别是测试浏览(skimming)阅读和查读(scanning)的能力。

二阅读技能介绍:

1. 浏览(skimming) 浏览又被称为略读,目的是用浏览全文的方法来获取文章或段落的主旨;而快速阅读是只要词语或语句的阅读方法,对文章的结构有个总的概念。略读文章的标题、副标题、段落标题和各段的主题句、关键词,而不是阅读文章的全部,如在略读每一段时,主要找出段首或段尾的主题句。略读时精力须十分集中,不必去记忆细节;遇到个别生词及难懂的词句,均应略过,以求对全文总体意思的把握和了解。为了更好地抓住全文的中心思想,要留心文章中某些重复出现的词语,这些往往与文章的主题有关。略度的速度是平时阅读的两倍。

2. 查读(scanning) 查读又称检索、搜索, 其目的是寻找特定的信息和细节。查字典所用的方法就是典型的查读法。查读用于回答细节题。根据题干部分的关键词语,先在文章中找到大致的方位,然后在仔细阅读,确认信息。在找到关键词之前不用读任何文字,更不用花费时间去试图理解每个句子。查找关键词,是“找”不是从头“读”到关键词的位置,要用目光快速扫描、搜索,目光要自上而下、一目数行寻视与答题内容相关的语句,与此无关的内容要很快掠过,这个时候只要用的是眼睛,而不是大脑。

三题型分析:

1. 是非判断题

是非判断题是一种测试考生快速浏览文本、搜索所需信息,并进行分类、推理信息的题型.在司机阅读中主要要求考生根据文章内容判断若干句子是否正

确或无关.分别给出Y(YES)、N(NO) 和NG(Not Given) 三种可能,其答题说明为: Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.

For questions1-7, mark

Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information give n in the passage;

N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information give n in the passage;

NG (for Not Given) if the information is not given in the passage.

判断题的关键在于如何理解新增项“ not given” ,请注意not given不但仅是指在原文中找不到题目中命题的信息,即无关;还指依照全文的相关信息,不能的出题目命题所包含的结论,即不确定。

是非判断题所强调的,是根据阅读文章来判断给出句子的正误。在四级考试中,是非判断题不但要求考生能够准确快速的在原文中找到题目所给出的句子,而且要求考生仔细比较原文中的语句和题目给出的语句之间的差异。所谓的判断,实际上是原文对于某一事物的一个判断(我们称之为判断1);试题对于相关事物也有一个判断(我们称之为判断2)。在考试中,我们实际上要做的就是确定这两个判断之间的关系:

如果原文对于判断2提及的事物不曾提及。或未做判断,说明阅读文章中未涉及这个话题的内容,判断1不存在。则答案应该为:Not Given (未提及)。

如果判断1和判断2 提及的事物一致,即判断1 =判断2,答案就是:Yes(正确)。

如果判断1 和判断2 意思相反或不一致,即判断1≠判断2,则答案应该是:No(错误)。

2. 句子填空

句子填空实在文章后提供三个结构不完整的句子,要求考生根据阅读文章的内容,将这些结构不完整的句子补充成完整的句子。

大学英语四级考试中的“句子填空题”,主要市要求考生用原文中的细节信息------最好是原词或原词的总结性概括,直接在所给句子的空白出填写单词,把句子补充完整。试卷中说明如下:

Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over th e passages quickly and answer the questions on Sheet 1.

For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.

句子填空所强是,补充完整的句子必须表示和阅读文章完全一致的思想内容,而从《大学英语四级(CET-4)考试样卷》来看,所要求填写的句子有以下三个特点:

1. 所填写句子的词数不超过5个。

2. 所有需要填写的内容都在原文中能够找到。

3. 题目的顺序和原文中答案出现的位置的顺序一致。即第9题的答案应在

第8题的答案之后。依次类推。

四解题技巧:

1.是非判断题

第一步花一分钟略读原文,猎取信息

在遇到是非判断题的时候,首先花一分钟的时间略读原文,以便了解全文大意。主要是浏览对象:

1)原文的Title(标题)、Subtitle (副标题)、Section heading (段

落标题)和Illustration(插图),一了解文章的大概意思和所谈话题,对文章的结构有个初步印象。

2)如果原文没有任何标题和插图,就要阅读各段的首句以及尾句,以初

步了解其各段大意和结构。以四级样卷为例,我们就应该首先阅读原文

中的标题:Title: Land fills, Section heading: “ How Much Tras

h Is Generated? ”、“How Is Trash Disposed of?”、

“What Is a Land fill?” 、“Proposing the Landfill” 、“Bu

ilding the Landfill” 、“What Happens to Trash in a Landfil

l?”、“How Is a Landfill Operated?”。从这些标题中我们就能够

得知本文是一篇说明文,介绍的是一种垃圾处理设施——垃圾掩埋场

(Landfill)。

第二步仔细阅读题干,确定关键词

解答是非判断题的第一步,要求仔细阅读题干提供的句子核对各段大意了解的记忆,从句子找出能够用来定位的关键词。

例如

Economist notice in the 15th century, Japan had large cities, hi gh literacy rates and even a futures market.

判断这句话的正误,首先需要去文章中寻找和这句话相关的语句。这句话中出现的数字15th century、专有名词Japan都能够作为定位使用的关键词,在阅读文章中先搜索这两个单词,找到它们,与题干相关的语句就尽收眼底了。

特别提示:怎样确定关键词——从问题里确定出来一个能表示题干的

主要意思、信息含量大而且有明显的提示作用的词。它们作为从文章中

寻找答案的参照词。在快速阅读解题过程中,我们所说的关键词并非一

定是题干里最重要的词,而是以特征明显、容易辨认、具备重要提示功

能为首要原则。常见的关键词有下面几类:

标题、副标题、段落标题和图表

标题、副标题、段落标题和图表的重要性勿庸质疑,对文章的主旨判断特别有用。下面结合四级考试样题为例具体说明:

原文文章全文

题干T he passage gives a general description of the structure and use a landfill.( 本文对于垃圾掩埋场的结构和使用作乐总体介

绍。)

解析本题的关键词就是“general descript ion”和“landfill”。根据题干中的两个关键词得到的提示,考生只要通览全文的标题和副标

题,就知道本文对landfill的结构和使用情况作乐介绍。故本题答案

为Yes。

比较明显的描述性名词

这类名词比较显眼,特别是一些概括性的名词,与原文主旨有关的名词。

原文In most parts of the world, there are regulations that gover n where a landfill can be placed and how it can operate.(在

世界上大部分地区,对于掩埋场的选址和运作都有规定。)题干 In most parts of the world, the selection of a landfill site is governed by rules and regulations.(大部分国家垃圾掩埋场

的选址受到规章条例的制约。)

解析本题的关键词就是“a landfill site”和“regulations” 。两词都与原文的主旨大意息息相关,考生根据关键词能够找到原文中的

相关语句,想比较能够的出,正确答案为 Yes。

副词和形容词以及其短语,特别是一些程度词、比较词

这些词很多,重点如: like, as, most, most of, least, less, less than, much, many, many of等。

原文A landfill is not like a compost pile ,where the purpose i s to bury trash in such a way that it will decompose quick

ly. (掩埋与堆肥不同,堆肥的目的是加快垃圾腐烂的速度。)题干 Landfills are like compost piles in that they speed up dec omposition of the buried trash.(和堆肥一样,掩埋加快了掩埋

垃圾腐烂的速度。)

解析本题的关键词就是“like”以及“compost piles”, 根据关键词寻读到原文的相关句,在文章的第10段,经比较可知与文章原意相

反。正确答案为 No。

以人名和地名为代表的表示名称的词语

例如

1. Original news reel foot age shows the suffragette Emily Wildin

g Davison throwing herself under King George V’s horse at a wel

l-known racecourse.本题的题干中的两个名字Emily Wilding Davison 和King George V 特别引人注目,能够将其作为本题的关键词。

2. Compared with other major industrial countries, America buries

a much higher percentage of its solid waste in landfills.本题

的题干中的America一词是个国家名,在原文中比较容易找到, 故可作为本题的关键词。

时间状语表示时间(年、月、日、小时等)的词语

例如

In the late 1930s, a movement to ban the drug marijuana resulte

d in th

e beginning o

f the hemp plant. 题干中的In the late 1930s

很显眼,具有明显的提示作用,可知为本题的关键词。

特殊印刷体———大写字母、斜体字母、粗体字母、阿拉伯数字、特殊符号等

例如

1. Fortunately, these days credits for having passed a subject

at High School or at a Technical and Further Education (TAFE) C ollege. 例句中的TAFE四个大写字母就非常显眼,能够作为本句的关键词。

2. The carousel is filled to capacity with 72 frames. A switch

is flipped and the frames begin to whirl at 300 revolutions per minute. 例句中最容易寻找的,自然是夹杂在英文字母当中的几个阿拉伯数字,故可视为关键词。

3. In general, it is unrealistic to start a course with insuffi

cient funds in the hope that ‘some thing will turn up’. 例句中的特殊符号“‘’”最为显眼,那么“‘some thing will turn up’”就应该看作是关键词。

第三步从头至尾快速阅读,根据题干中的关键词,在原文中定位相关语句

阅读完题干提供的句子以后,就能够使用在第一步里挑出来的关键词,快速阅读文章

根据提干中的关键词,定位文章中与题干相关的语句(一句或多句)。

第四步比较题干语句和阅读文章中的相关语句,根据是非判断题的判断标准和原则,确认题目语句的正确答案

定位出相关语句以后,认真比较阅读文章中的相关语句和题目中语句的区别,然后根据有关的判断标准和原则,来确认题干的正确答案。

2. 句子填空

第一步仔细阅读大致说明.明确题目对答案的要求

在大学英语四级考试所提供的样卷中,对句子填空题没有给出明确的要求,但我们在解答句子填空题的时候还是首先看看答题说明,是否有类似与“No More Than Three Words(不超过三个单词)”或“with words t aken from the reading passage(使用阅读文章中出现的单词)”等的限制性要求.如果有,就一定按要求来答题。

第二步仔细读句子空格前后内容,判断句子空缺部分的语法属性和意义范畴

对句子空格前后内容的分析,能够推测空缺部分所属的句子成分,进而判断空格部分的语法属性。例如,某个空格后接动词,则可估计空格部分是该句的主语,进而判断空格部分应该为名词结构或代词。同时,根据上下文提供的内容,我们还能够大致判断所需填入的内容的大致意义范畴。下面以《大学英语四级考试样卷》中的试题为例:

题干8. Typical customer of a landfill are _____________.

原文 Customers are typically municipalities and construction companies, although residents may also use the landfill.

解析题干中句子的主语和系动词都有,句子所欠缺的就是表语了;同时,根据句子主语的意思,我们能够判断填入内容应该是某种组织、机构、是掩埋式垃圾处理站的客户。只要找到衍文相关句。即可的出本题所需要填写的句子为:municipalities and construction companie s。

第三步根据题干的关键词寻读到原文中定位相关语句

在找到所需填写句子的语法属性后,需要根据题干中的关键词并结合先前做是非判

题是对原文的记忆,回到原文中定位相关句。具体关键词的寻找原则请参照是非判断

寻找关键词的原则。下面再以《大学英语四级考试样卷》中的试题为例:

题干9. To dispose of a ton of trash in a landfill, customer

s have to pay a tipping fee o f __.

原文 Customers are charged tipping fees for using the site.

The tipping fees vary from $10to $40 per ton. These fee

s are used to pay for operating costs.

解析题干中以“a ton of trash”和“tipping fee”两个关键词,并从题干中的fee可推测出要填的词应该是表示金钱数量的词,

然后由此找到原文相关句,即可的出本题所需要填写的句子为:$1

0 to $40。

第四步确认答案是否满足题目要求

当找到题目的正确答案以后,考生千万不要仓促地将答案填写到答题卡上。

必须花一点点时间,确认你的答案是否满足题目的要求,特别是对用词个数和来源

仔细核对,必须要找对题干在原文中的准确出处才能保证答题的正确率。

特别提示:在解题的过程当中,根据我们对词类题型的研究和分析,得出“句子填空”的出题基本原则——出题的顺序与文章的段落展开的顺序是一直的。即题目是有顺序性的,第一题的答案应在文章的前部,第二题的答案应在第一题的答案之后。比如说,你找出了一、三两题在原文的出处却没能找出第二题,那么你就应该在一、三两题在原文中出处之间的部分来寻找答案。这个规律有助于考生们确认答案的位置,免得重复阅读而浪费时间。

[四六级] 不得不看:英语四级考试快速阅读解题步骤

[四六级] 不得不看:英语四级考试快速阅读 解题步骤 作者:潇如风 我这篇帖子,同学们照着一步一步做就是了,老师们照着一步一步教就是了。 首先要明白:快速阅读的文章虽长(1200字,仔细阅读平均每篇330个字),但是从内容上说,大都是通俗易懂的说明文,没有学术色彩和思想深度;从语言上来说,遣词造句都比较简单。所以,根本没必要害怕。个人以为,快速阅读应该比仔细阅读更容易拿分。 具体答题步骤如下: 第一步:浏览Skim ( 0。5分钟–2分钟) 1.分析大标题(Brainstorm the Title)(5 –10秒)目的:调动脑细胞,主动预测文章内容。 官方样题Landfills 的分析思路:land + fill = 土地填埋,加了s, 可能指多处填埋场地。在不认识这个单词的情况下(汉译:垃圾填筑地),能想到这一层就算漂亮。 2006年12月真题Six Secrets of High-Energy People的分析思路:secrets:多数人不知道,一定新颖有趣;high-energy people 只能是指精力充沛的人,不可能是X战警。文章要告诉我们,那些人

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英文书信的起首语 I was glad to receive your letter of May 4 ... With great delight I learn that ... I have the pleasure to tell you that... We have received with many thanks your letter of 20 May, and take the pleasure of sending you our latest catalog. I’m writing to… 英文书信的结束语 I hope to hear from you very soon. I look forward to your early reply (your reply at your earliest conv enience. Your early reply will be highly appreciated. I look forward to our next meeting. Please let us know if you want more information. Any other particulars required I shall be pleased to give you. We enclose two copies of... Enclosed is a resume of my background and experience. 如何完美表达书信中的“谢谢” I sincerely (deeply) (warmly) appreciate ...

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